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Northern Star (1837-1852), 2nd December 1843, Edition 5 of 5, Page 7, Untitled Article

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    • Cfoarttist ditUfUtftCttc*.
    • THE B" OICTHERN STAR SATUBDAY, DECEMBER %, 1843.
    • ^citnet ann &rt,
    • 2Ti>* GoUitv&' ffitobemenV
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      Untitled Article

      PRIESTCRAFT . CHRISTIAN AND INFIDEL BLASPHEMERSPATERS 01 * AND XALLEY . Batcwj closed our last week ' s article on the subject of the late trials at Edinburgh , with an intimation that we would " pause for » reply" to certain queries addressed l > y na to Johh Hops , alias Xhe Iobd Svbtics Clzbk i and haying up to this time paused in vain ; we now xesnme our reflections opon the proceedings of the vrorthies who sat to administer the law , * and of the conduct of those whOj behind the BeeneB , pnlled the strings of the puppet « aBed * Justice , " to gratify their malignant and disgusting bigotry .

      Again We ask , where is the consistency of TProtestant divines and Protestant laymen , who , with all iheii pretended lore for religious liberty , stand quietly by and permit the authorities of Edinburgh to incarcerate honest men in a dungeon without one word of remonstrance , simply for exercising the * right of private judgment ? which right these Protestants pretend to advocate ! We hear- about the intolerance of the Catholics in thB palmy days cf their power , when Priestcraft hung like a mighty jneabn 3 on the mental energies of man ; and often have our feelings been lacerated by the recital of

      the dreadful deeds of the holt xsvnsmoH , " and the horrid bntcheries of the auto-de-Jaes : —but the eed " 3 of modern Protestant religionists show that the same spirit still Inrks in their narrow hearts , and is only prevented re-enacting the horrors of the past by that-curb to superstition and fanaticism , — ssotsxedgb . How inconsistent 1 b man ! Only a few weeta ago the very persecutors of Patersos were denouncing in the fiercest l&ngnage the " per-Beention" of * me of their own stamp , Dr . Kailet , and invoking- the aid of the GoTernmeni to rescue the Doctor and demand satisfaction of the Portuguese Government for hiB arrest and detention in

      confinement . Pjjkbsos and Robixsos are punished for ** Blasphemy / " i . e . for opposing the religion of the State ; bat this isjust what Dr . Eaixey had done . If it bs jast to punish the former , it must be equally just to punish the latter . Be it remembered that an " infidel * is a xas , and has the same right to express ihe convictions of hi 3 mind as Dr . Kjxtet -or any other member of society . " If 3 believeth not as thon believeih , it is a proof that thou believeth not as I believeth : and where is the earthly power that can decide between as f '

      But what has been the treatment of I > r . Halley , about whom snth an out-cry has been made 1 and whit is likely io be the treatment of the Edinburgh " Infidels" ! In reply to the former we gire the following extract from a latter dated Madeira * October 2 nd , 1843 : — " Dr . Kalley remains in prison ; bat it is understood Ih&t ills liritish government bare interfered , and that te trill soon be liberated onbaE . There is so donbt tbit the proceedings arainst him are both technically ana" constitutionally illegal , and eTidence is -wholly wanting to substantiate the charges of jblasphemy ; Ac ,

      YMeh they have hrongfct against hint His imprisonment took place during the absence of the superior jnigesi Xisben , - whose former decisions "were reversed bj bis lootm Uness . sn inferior officer ! The processings against bis conTerta are founded on a certain , ' Bolls do Cea , ' fulminated by dement the First ( I think ) , but vhieh was nullified in the Portuguese dominions in the last century ; and it was enacted at the time , that ssy ene persecuting another under this Bull should be listed with the royal displeasure , endure confiscation of all lus property , loss of naturalisation , &c So hsirtOy tired are they of the false position inw&ica they have placed themselves , thatiihM been intimated

      to Di-Kalley that he mayleave the prism when he pleases : tut like the apostle , lie declines io do this except in a pubiie fsi-n . In the mean time , the « mse it much advanced . People are convinced that that ausi be good for which he is content io sv&er . Curiosity is excited .- 16 , 000 tracts iave been distributed . There Is sot a Testament to be bad for Iotb or money ; and Vie people flock to the pad from eight in the morning till irinc at night , and are ad-TRtttedby threes to see him . He reads , -prays , and- sings Vifh all j $ 0 that actually le is working harder than teer . BE HAS EXCELZEST SOOMS , which the Camsra voted hiffl ; MBS . KALXET ilTES WITH HIM . HlS MOTHEB ASD SISTEB ARS THERB AIL DAT . He has his Botica ( stock of medicines ) , » nd sees bis patients , &c . &c "

      It was Elated in the ^ Edinburgh Courant that Paieesos and Kobessos liad had their heads shared , end been set is stone'bredking . This has been denied by-the Caledonian Mercury ; and we have since seen a statement that they have been remoTed to the Penitentiary at Perth . One thing is -esrisin , thai the degradation of the prison dress , and all the barbarities of "prison discipline" has been , and will be inflicted upon them .

      Compare this with the treatment of Dr . Kaiakt , to whom it has been intimated " that he may leave the prison when he pleases ! " Think of ** the people leing admitted to the gaol to him , " with whom he is allowed to ** read , pray , and sing , " so that he is irorkmg harder than ever "—at his BlaSPHOCT . ' Think of Patebsos applying to be allowed to have the people of Edinburgh or Perth admitted to him , R from eight in the morning tiD nine at night , " that he might instruct them in his Tiews 2 And think what long fcces all the " sainte" would pull , at such aa impndenfc" and " diabolical * application !! Dr . Kallbt is by trade a doctor of physio , and i 3 allowed by his " persecutors" to haTe his stock of medicines with him , and see

      his patients : in short , is allowed to turn the gaol into a doctor's shop ! Taluk of Patkbsos and Bobiksos applyiBg to be allowed to haTe their stock of mental medicines in the gaol ! be allowed to see their " patients , " and turn . an honest penny by the sale of their wares !!! Ah ! they may apply , but they already know the answer . " 7 can tell you " says J 0 H 5 HOPS , " that you have not the least chance for getting ' any relief . " ¦ ' Think of Dr . Ballet being allowed " excellbst boohs f that "' -Mrs . Kaixet ijtes with him "—and that his motheb ASD SISTEB ABB WITH HIM All DATf and think upon the compassionate , mebcitcl , PRAYING Judge ' s sentence npon Patkbsos , which forcibly . Teminds us of that of Tbesilias npon Johs Ball : —

      " "PThereas you are accused before na , Of stirring up the people to rebellion , AiidpTeatMnQ to them strange and dangerous doctrines ; And whereas your behaviour to the Court Has been vaosl inso ' enl and ccmtxmaeiota ; * ? » * * * * I condemn yon To death : you shall be hanged by the neck , Bat not tai you are dead—your Iw-wels opened—Tour heart torn aai , and burnt before your face—Tour traitorous head be seTered from jotxc body—Yonr body quartered , and exposed npon The city « ata—a terrible example ! Axd the Lord God have mercy on your soul" !!! SOETHET .

      We notice a paragraph in the columns of a local contemporary in which the writer complains most bitterly that the authorities of Madeira are seizing Protestant rersions of the Old and New Testament , with a Tiew to - " extirpate" the " heresies and blasphemies" propagated by Dr . Kallby with the help of these -works ! Bnt where was onr contemporary ' s holy indignation when like seizures were made , not some thousands of miles away in Madeira , bnt only some two or three nnndred from Leeds—in the City

      of Edinburgh ? Our contemporary will perhaps say that the books seized in Edinburgh were * ' blasphemous , " that ' s matter of opurion . The Priests of Madeira hold that the ProUtUmt Tersion of the Bible la "blasphemous , " and that they were " doing God service" in seizmg aad destroying Bueh dangerous and pernicious boola . " 'l&h , bat tliat ' 8 priestcraft . ' tTfrdge of men by their deeds ; and we shall find that 3 the self-same oraft" and spirit manifested in ibis country , as in Madeira , when books are seized and men east into prison .

      Forget not , too , that Patebsos is clad in a . felon ' s dxess ; condemned to live npon the coarsest of food ; exposed to cold j a miserable cell , and bed of Etraw , by way ol bringing him to a penitential" state That lie is compelled to herd with the refuse , of society , and exposed to the insults and "brutalities of u filthy dungeon Yillains ; " and then blush if ye can , ye priestly oppressors , and Psotesiast betrayers of ttw principles of " Cml and Religions Liberty" ! We direct the attention ef oar readers- to the resolutions and petition adopted at a Pubiie Meeting at Edinburgh , in connection with Bobixsox and

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      Patbhson ' s caseB . "We would recommend that similar meetings be holden throughout the country There is a , pressing necessity that this should be done . We hear « f a new-hatched combination just cracking its shell , got Hp for the purpose of ' * preventing the circulation of blasphemous publications by public legal prosecutions . " The parties getting up this new more , " style themselves ** The friends of the Church and of social order . " We hear , too , that included in this list of friends " of Bocial order " are a number of Dissenters , " ** Civil and Keligious Liberty" men ! and that certain weighty individuals" ib the West-Riding of Yorkshire are amongBi this band of ( would-be ) "Holy Inquisitors . " At such a time then it behoves the friends

      of " free thought to be up and stirring , and everywhere oppose , by all moral means at their disposal , any increase of priestly power , or revival of priestly persecution . Blind and bigotted must these men be , or the ; would see , that , as in the case of Dr . Kallt , their efforts to " put down" must greatly accelerate the progress of the opinions against which they have drawn the sword of the law . The persecution of Dr . Kallet has . we are told greatly increased the

      number of his converts and rendered him a formidable opponent to the Popish Priests of Madiera-Well , what guarantee have the persecutors of Patebson that like causes will not produce like effects ? What surety have they that people will not be convinced " that thai . must be good for which men are content to suffer" ? Let them dungeon 1 They might as well try , like Dame Pabtinston , to mop up the Atlantic , as hope hy such means to stop the progress of free inquiry !

      M Ho » v slowly has reason extended her empire m Europe ! And why ? Because she has been persecuted in every step of her progress . The priesthood of every denomination have , from the first , leagued with Kings and Cobles to prevent her triumph Every means has been resorted to , to keep the people in darkness ; mystery in politics ^ mystery in religion , and common sense kept at a distance * Reason has been given to man to enable him to distinguish truth from error ; but ihe spread of truth is never permitted , so long as it is in the power of the clergy io prevent it . " Words most true 1 the proofs , alas J ab ^ nnd on every side . See in Fbakcb ,

      while Kjsgcbaft re-erects , not one , but a multitude of Bastiles , to preserve itself from the assanlts of democracy , Pbiestcbaft is at the same time employing all its energies to recover its ancient power , and again trample on the minds of mankind . Behold the wretched state of Spain , where the priests are once more in the ascendant , and liberty has again succumbed with the downfall of Barcelona . And then ( not to pursue the subject further at present ) turn to Italt again " lost and won , " writhing in blood and chains at the feet of a Co-wVd and hypocrital monk , Who prays , curaes , and deceives . "

      We had thought thai Napoleos had trampled for ever out of existence that hellish monster "the Iniquisition "; but it would appear from an article -which will be found in another column , headed , u Catholic Perfection of the Jews , " that we have been mistaken in that supposition . The appearance of such -a document as the * Edict" of the " Inquisitor-General" of Ancona , tells badly at the present moment , when Mr . O'Coxnell is daily vaunting of the tolerance and liberality of the Catholic Church I At a late meeting vt the Repeal Association , Mr .

      O'Coxnjell suggested " that the words of Edmund Bubkb , which the Banner of Ulster had selected for its motto , should be adopted by the Association i"Thai teligien is the basis of civil society and ihe source of all good and comfort . " This proposition , like everything else proposed by the " Liberator" (?) , was , of course , received without objection , and adopted as "the mosto of the Association . " The words , &S stated above , are those of Edmusd Bvtrkk , the pentioned tool of the Aristocracy , who showed his ideas of * religion" by his political apostacy to maintain

      and preserve the Throne and ihe Altar . The Banner of Ulster is ( we believe ) a red-hot Covenanting , Croznwellian , Presbyterian paper ; hence its ideas of " religion" are not very likely to be in accordance whh those of Damel O'Conmell , the favourive son and hope of the Romish faith , for whose safety we are told wow iB performed , and prsyera offered up , every day in the Tatican , by express orders of the Pope . "Religion" may be "the source of all good and comfort ; " but where , in this " wicked" world are we to find it ! We

      shall not have far to go to find cant ; but where shall we seek for " Religion" ! Shall we go to Edinburgh , among Johh Hope and his crew ! Or shall m go to Dublin , where the motto i 3 adopted ? If so , we shall find that Trash Gbegg and Mb associates say that the Dnblia Rotunda religion is the only correct one ; u the only source of all good and comfort ; " and the only one fit to be " the basis of civil society" ! The Dublin Protestants denounce the religion of Dasiel O'Cowell as being idolatrous" and "damnable ;"

      while he considers that religion to be the only true one , and Gbegg ' s and Co . to be the very opposite . u ' s to decide , when doctors disagree ! " We don't know that any of oar friends are in want of mottoes with which to decorate their Halls : but if they should , and would like anything on this question ; then , instead of the one above , we wonld re . spectfuily suggest the fo lowing : taken , not from one of Patbbsok ' s "blasphemous" publications ; not from any " infidel" book ; but from a very respectable" work , reviewed in oar last— Ifotcitl ' s History of Priestcraft . "

      a We have seen nations sitting in the region of darkness , because their PR 1 E 5 TS shut up knowledge , in their selfishness 1 u We have seen slavery and ignorance blasting , TODEB IHS GUIDANCE OP PRIESTLY HANDS , millions upon millions of our race , and making melancholy the fairest portions of the earth ! " We have listened to sighs and the dropping of tears ; to the voice of despair and the agonies of torture and death ; tee have entered dungeons ^ and found Coptics -wasted to skeletons with the pears of their solitary endurance ; ve have listened to their faint whispers , and hate fouto that they thtebed TUB CBCELTIE 3 OF PRIESTS !

      M We have stumbled upon midnight tribunals , and seen men stretched upon racks ; torn piecemeal with fiery pincers ; or plunged into endless darkness by ihe lancing ef their eyes . A > "D ttpon asking WHOSE ACrlOXS THESE WERE—TTB TfEKE A >' a " WEBED— ' THE PRIESTS '!! " We have visited philosophers , and found them carefully concealing their discoveries , ichich would suddenly have filled the earth with light , and power , and love , because thet kjtew the PRIESTS wocid THR > ' OS THEM IS THE 1 S GP 3 EEDT XALICE , AND DOOM THEM TO THE FIBB OB THE G 1 BBBT !

      " We have walked among women of many countries , and have found thousands lost to shame , rolling ttanton eyes , and uttering hideous words . We have turned from them with loathing , but have heard them cry after us , as we went—* Otra hope is in the PRIESTS—THET ABE OUB L 0 VB 3 S , AKD DEFKNDEBS JBOM BTEBSAL FIBJS' ! ' * We have entered the abodes of domestic love , and have stood petrified lojind even there all desecratedpurity destroyed—faith overthrown—happiness annihilated AND IT WAS THB WORK OF PRIESTS !

      " Fihaiat , tec have seen kings otherwise merciful , IKST 1 SATKD BT THE DEVILISH LOGIC OF PBIESTCaAFT , BECOME THE BOTCHKBS 01 THEIR PEOPLE } Queens , otherwise glorious become ttbakts and bxectjnoKEBS ; and people , who would otherwise have Kved in blessed harmony , wabudtg on each other WITH INTXTIBGOTSHABLE MALICE AKD BOUNDLESS BLO 0 DTHIBSTINESS J AND BEHOLD 1 IT WAS

      PRIESTCRAFT , THAT , WINDING AMONGST THEM LIKE A POISONOUS sebpent , maddened them wrrH its breath ant EXULTED WITH FIENDISH STBS , 0 T £ B THEIB HOB " BIBLE CARNAGB I "

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      Our " motto" is somewhat lengthy : but it is the u World . " of Priestcraft " at one view , " proclaiming in the imperishable words of truth and eloquence , the sert of a good" and a comfort , " the frauds under the name of " religion" haveinfiioted on civil society . '' But , " A . brighter morn awaits the human day !" The time is coming when the human race will look back with horror upon the madness , delusion , and slavery of past and present times ? wken tyrants and priests will be known no more , —forgotten in oblivion , or remembered only to be execrated ; and— " Falsehood ' s trade , Shall be as hateful and unprofitable , As that of truth is now . ' "

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      GALVANIC EXPERIMENTS ON THE HUMAN SUBJECT . We copy the follo-wiag very interesting particulars from Mr . William Sturgeon ' s " Course of Elementary Lectures on Galvanism , " lately published : — The first experiments that were made on the human subject were by Creve , who operated , upon an amputated leg , which exhibited similar phenomena to those produced , in the detached limbs of other animals . At Turin , many experiments were made upon the bodies of decapitated criminals , by Vassal ! , Endi , Giulie , and Boss ! . Other : similar experiments were subsequently performed by Aldini , both in Italy , France , and in London . Those at the latter place were m&de on the ' body el a criminal , Who was hung at Newgate . The

      phenomena exhibited by a galvanised dead man , though not differing in character from those shown by other large animals , are much more calculated to exercise an inftnence over the minds of the spectators . And , although the physiologist ' s anxious researches stimulate him to make every effort to realize bis hopes of resuscitating the subjeot of his experiment , and lead him calmly to a variety of modea of operating on tbe body , it is by no means surprising that the most horrid ideas should be awakened in the imaginations , and impressions o ! feaTbe produced in the minds , of those who , for the nrBt ; time , witness the extraordinary phenomena ; amongst which we behold forcible and unnatural actions of the limbs , powerful and convulsive movements amongst the muscles of the face , with distended wildly rolling eyes ;

      which , combined with the most ghastly grins and distortions of ihe moutb , present a spectacle of the most frightful description . The results of a series of galvanic experiments , performed on the body of Clydesdale , who was executed at Glasgow for murder , led the medical gentlemen present to infer , that , if certain precautions had been taken , resuscitation would have been accomplished , although the body had , been suspended , the usual period at the gallows , and much time afterwards occupied in preparatory arrangements for the galvanic process . "An incision was made into the nape of the neck , close below the occiput . The posterior half of the atlas vertebra was then removed by bone forceps , when the spinal marrow was brought into view . A profuse flow of liquid blood gushed from the wound , inundating the floor . " These and several other unnecessary Wounds were made in -various parts of the subject ,

      which rendered resnBcitation impossible , with whatever judgment the galvanic stimulus bad been eubsaquently applied . But , notwithstanding tho severe laceration of the spinal marrow , and almost total evacuation of blood from the body , even half an boar subsequently , a most interesting effect was produced . When one of the conducting wires was placed in an incision under the cartilage of the seventh rib , and the other applied to the phrenic nerve laid bare in the neck , having ono of the conductors in permanent connection with the battery , and the other run over the tops of the plates , in the manner already explained , " fall , nay , laborious breathing instantly commenced . The cheat heaved and fell ; the belly was protruded , and again collapsed , with the relaxing and retiring diaphragm ; " * which was continued , uninterruptedly , during the whole time this galvanic process was carried on .

      The most successful galvanic experiments on the human subject were made on the body of John White , who was executed for murder , at LoaisTille , United States . The neck was not broken , and the body warm , and even trembling , having hung only abeui twentyfive minute ? . " The poles of a powerful galvanic pile , prepared for the occasion , were immediately applied to him . He suddenly arose from his bench to a sitting posture . He soon afterwards rose upon bis feet , opened his eyes , and gave a terrific screech . His cheat worked as U in respiration . One of the surgeons exclaimed , to the mute spectators , that he was alive . Whilst thus standing , another galvanic discharge was administered , When White , With a sudden bound , disengaged himself from the wires , and jumped to a corner of the room .

      Some short time afteiw&rds , he frequently opened his eyes , and his breathing became bo regulir , that the doctors began to speak to him , but be heard not a word ; nevertheless , by the assistancs of a young medical student , who took hold of bis arm , he arose , took a few steps on the fl » or , and seated niroielf ia an armchair . He appeared overcome with the exertion thus made , but was revived by hartshorn applied to the nose . He looked like a man much intoxicated . He seemed to try to give utterance to some feelings , bnt be could not sptak a word . Though now perfectly resuscitated , and every method resorted to for the purpose of equalising the circulation , and save the patient , congestion on the brain , which increased with rapidity , shortly afterwords terminated bi » existence . " "f

      The phenomena developed in these two cases are of the highest importance in medical science ; for , notwithstanding the want of success in resuscitating Clydesdale , and the eventual loss of White , there appear sufficient reasons for supposing , that both events were the natural consequences of the circumstances connected with the case * . In the former case , resuscitation was impoBtible , for reasons already alluded to : and tke fatal congestion which terminated the existence of White was referable to tfce violence of strangulation , and not easily traced to any otbor cause , excepting , however , the possibility of the galvanic discharges being teo powerful , and injudiciously directed . A powerful battery is never required for any medical purpose whatever , asd may , by an injudicious application of its force , be the means of very serious const quences ; whilst a battery of moderate power and properly employed , in

      similar cases , would be productive of the happiest effects . The battery employed on the body of Clydesdale , which cootisted of 270 pairs of four-inch plates , brought into intense action by a solution of nttvo-sulpburio acid , was far too powerful for the purposes of this kind . I have already shown , that a few powerful discharges , or a continuous current of a few seconds ' duration , hasten the extinction of vitality in those animals whose natural functions have been intentionally prostrated and laid dormant , for the purpose of experiment ; and although a battery of fifty pairs , which would produce this effect on a rabbit , but not on a muscular man , that which was employed in the experiments on Clydesdale wonld be capable of subduing the vital energies , which remain after strangulation , even of an individual whose physical developments of organism were of the highest order in nature .

      The lumetactioa and lividity of the face , produced by the strangulation at the gallows , enforce a strong probability that in no case of that kind would the functions of life be recalled into a natural state of activity , by the galvanic icfluence . Resuaicitation might be -accomplished , as in the case of White , but for want of a natural distribution of the blood , and the injuries inflicted on its vessels , directly and indirectly by the rope , might prevent that promptitude and baianee of circulation essential to the propagation of life , and all the evils consequent thereon would have to be apprehended .

      Tee chances of success wonld be very different in those cases of asphyxia , occasioned by the inhaling of noxious gases , drowning , syncope , &c , in which no part of the system is deranged nor injured by violence ; and the phenomena developed during the operations on Clydesdale and White are promising indications of the moBt happy results being obtainable where the circumstances are of a more favourable description . A few . moderate galvanic discharges , well directed , obliquely through the chest , from the neck on one side , to Mow the ribs on the other , would diffuse their influence through the principal © rgans of life . By theBe means the respiratory organs might be expected to resume their natural fanctions , and the movements of the heart renew their natural impulses to the blood ,

      which , in these cases , would not have to encounter those difficulties of circulation arising from congestion and injuries in the saDguiferoHB chasnels—the probable consequenc e * of the rope . Running one ot the connecting wires over the tops of the galvanic plates would be the best mode of operating for bringing the lungs into play , and a battery ot one hundred three-iflch plates would be sufficiently powerful to produee the necessary motions of the chest ; and even that extent of galvanic power should not be continued if it was found that by a less power these motions could be maintained . As soon as the lungs would play independently of the galvanis excitation , the battery action ought to be discontinued , and : the usual restoratives gradually and cautiously administered . —Manche&sr Guardian .

      ak esglish art Academy at Rome A letter . from Bwne , in the Morning Post , mentions , that " an event is on the tapis which causes much satisfaction amongst tbe English artists here . The English students have hitherto been unable to follow their professional avocations without many disadvantages , as the institutes here have not afforded them facilities to carry oat their artistic pursuits , not from any want of courtesy , but from actaal want of space and accommodation . The British Minister resident at Naples , Sir George Hamilton , has opened a subscription among the English nobility and others resorting to the Italian States ; and the fund already amounts to neat three thousand pounds with which it is intended to erect an academy , in which all English students will be enabled to progress with their studies throughout tbe year , and uofc to be compelled to remain inactive for xnontba , without access to the public collections . The establishment is to contain all that ia necessary for their use , also a large

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      ™ 2 ^ h ^^? flection of casts from the antique 2 Tii ^ . !*•*» ¦ «* *• moat celebrated modern BCttlptoM , ic . ; likewise an extensive library . " ? h * i . f ' ^ BESEARcHEg . .-The National announces the return of M . Wool da Minaia from a scfentifio mission _ in Greece , Thessal , and Constautinaple ; which # ^ ^ f : ^ ™ ' aDd » M undertaken at the desire of the Minister of Pablio Instruction . Amongst the I ™ We nawrascripts discovered and brought to Fiance byM ^ Minas must be noticed , Fables by Babryas , a fragment of the 2 otb book of Polybius , several extracts from Dexlppus and Eusebiua , two historians but little known to us , a fragment of the historian Pryseaa , a treaty of the celebrated Qallien Which Was deficient iu felij collection , a new edition of iEwp ' s FableB , with a life of the fabulist , a Treatise on Greek Syntax by Gregory of Corintb , an unpublished grammar of Theodossiiu of Alexandria , history of the Conquest of China by the Tartars , and various other works , which have safely arrived at Paris .

      VELOCIPEDES ON Railways—An Ingenious and yery useful invention haB just been exhibited , and its powers tried on the Brighton and Croydon Railway It is called a pedomotive machine , and was conducted by Mr . England , the engineer , of Hatcham Iron-works , Kenfctoad , for the London and Brighton Railway . It weighs ^ about 270 lbs , and is manufactured almost entirely of wrought iron . It carries four or six persons , two of whom propel it by means of treadles applied on a new and advantageous principle . Its greatest speed for a Bhort distance is at the rate of twenty five miles an hour ; its average rate is fifteen miles an hour , carrying in both cases four passengers . Its utility on a line of railway requires no comment , as , without the slightest delay , one man can convey a message from station to station , at a far greater speed than a horse express ; and , should there be any fear of its encountering a train , it can be lifted up from , and replaced on the tramway , With aa much ease as a sedan chair .

      IMPROVED STEAM GENERATOR . An apparatus for tbe more rapid generation of steam for engines than can be effected by any of tbe variety of boilers hitherto invented , when the fire is merely in contact with the outside of the tubes or vessels containing water , was Borne two years since patented by Mr . Andrew Smith , but the «• steam generator" bas not been sufficiently brought before the public , and we believe is but little known . The principle ) is simple , but highly effective ; instead of the fire acting at once on tbe vessel containing the water , a body of metal

      capable of dissolving at once not less than three hundred deg . Fahrenheit , is employed as a medium between tbe fire and generating tubes . An Iron Vessel is set in connection with the furnace on the same principle as a common boiler ; near the bottom a series of iron tubes run tbe whole length of the vessel , and forming one continuous channel , one end is connected to the force-pump attached to the engine , and the othur with a series of steam receivers , all connected , and to which the safety-valve is applied in the usual way .

      A compound metal in due proportions , consisting of bismuth , lead , and ztae , is placed iu the vessel in sufficient quantity to form a complete metallic bath , covering the generating tubes , but not to reach the receivers ; this molten bath is generally kept up to a heat of about 500 degrees , and the pump is so regulated to tbe size of the generator and power required , that at eaeh stroke of tbe piston of tbe engine only sufficient water is injected Into the tubes to supply steam lor one revolution ot the crank attached . On toe injection of the water Into tbe heated tubes , it fa instantaneously converted into steam , passes into the fcteam receivers , and from thence to the engine cylinder , when , having performed its duty , the stroke of tbe piston iDJects another sufficient portion of water for tho next stroke—thus keeping the receivers

      continually supplied , without an accumulation of more steam tban is absolutely accessary for the proper performance of the engine . The great advantages afforded by the generator are—economy of fuel , less variation in the heat of the tubes , and , consequently , greater regularity in working , and the absolute safety from bursting , l . OOOlbg ., at least , per square inch , being required to fracture any of the tubes ; and should such circumstances by aoy chance occur , it would have no effect beyond tho interior ef the bath , and a new set of tubes could be inserted in a very short space of time . The small space occupied by this apparatus , in comparison with any of the old . boilers , being about onetwentieth the usual siza , is of much importance , and we recommend an inspection by all persons employing steam-engines .

      We cannot help considering this invention as ingenious and useful . The economy of space is immense , and tbe equalisation of temperature much more complete thin has hitherto been attained—a point of extreme importance when tbe cost of fuel is taken into account —Polytechnic Review .

      Untitled Article

      THE MINERS OF CUHUERLAND TO THEIR BROTHEE MINERS OF GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND . Friends amd Brethren , —It is now more than three months since John Poile , the Earl of Lonsdal . e ' s agent , and others entered into a most uuhely alliance to pxevenfcus from exercising tbe rights to which as men we are entitled . Yon are a ware that we are not seeking any advance of wages : we merely sought to unite to reduce the boms of labour as a means of elevating our moral and physical energies . Such was our object . We are told by those opposed to us that by joining the Union . we will entirely destroy the peace and comfort of out families ; but they never tell us of bow much peace and comfort they have deprived us of . Can it be said that robbing tbe miner of his time , and thereby subjecting him to greater labour for less remuneration

      is doing him or bis family good ? Nevertheless , we ate and have been daily subject to such cruelty . And what has this treatment produced ? Resistance on tbe part of the uien , and a Bpirit of union that never can be destroyed . We say never ; for since the return from Ireland of our zealous , talented , uncompromising lecturer , Mr . P . M . Bropby , many of those who bad returned te their work through the necessity brought about by tbe tyranny of John Peile , have voluntarily corae . forward , regardless of the threats or the test , to unite ' themselves man to minx sod heart to heart to support and proteot their rights and interesta We are proud to say tbat tbe spirit is still alive here ; tbiit the oppressed ate ( notwithstanding Bpies are to be found at every meeting ) rallying to further the cause of Union . , But we must Bay that the means of support we have received has been meagre indeed .

      Miners , wherever you gather together , make some little sacrifice to aid us , and show to the British Empire that Cumberland , which is a part , shall not be trampled on by the oppressor . The cause is yours as much as oura , and if lost in Cumberland , will eventually be lost everywhere else . We call upon tbe lecturers of our association to bring our cause before their audiences , and to tell them that unless something decisive be done the cause for the present must be abandoned .

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      Mr . Willum 41 oi . dgatb lectured last week at the following places .: —Nov . 20 , Bradford Moor ; Nov . 21 , Foot Lane * ad& ; Nov . 22 , Bowling ; Nov . 23 , Thornton ; and bas opened a sew society . Mr . Holdoate will visit the following places next week : —December 4 th , Boston ; Pacember 5 th , Hunslet ; December 6 tb , jOssett Common ; December 7 th , Oaaett Street Side ; December 8 tb , Daw Green . The Delegate Meeting for Yorkshire District will be holden on Saturday , the 9 th of December , at ten o ' clock in the forenoon precisely , at the house of Samoel Rombottom , Unicorn Ian , Adwajton . , [

      That persecution cannot in this country in the present age , repress any ! system of doctrine ; and tbat . prosecutions such as those of which your petitioners complain , are found from experience to increase the sale of the works prosecuted . That tbe generally recognised rale of morality , "To do unto others as werwould tbat others should do unto us , " would lead the British Legislature to concede to all classes of Her Majesty ' s subjects , tbe right of fully and freely expressing their opinions . Your Petitioners therefore pray that your Honourable Hous 9 will take immediate steps to abrogate the statutes under which ThomaB Peterson and Henry Robinson have been convicted . ' ; And your petitioners , &o ., &c . The memorial to the Queen , a copy of which has been sent us , but tot which we have not room , was similar in spirit to tbe petition : the "prayer" being varied as follows % ¦— i

      " We therefore pray Your Majesty to be graciously pleased to exercise the Royal Prerogative of mercy , for the release ot Thomas PaterBon and Henry Robinson , tbat they may be restored to their afflicted families , and tbat Your Majesty ' s subjects may enjoy the blessings of liberty of conscience . !

      Untitled Article

      CARilSIaE . —MEETING OF THE COUNCIL OF THE Carlisle Chabtisjt Association . —A meeting of the above body toofc place on Sunday last , at their room , Ne . 6 , John-street , Caldewgate ; Mr . Robert Graham in the chair . Tbe Secretaay read over the minutes of last meeting , which were confirmed ; after which , vatioua aura * of money were paid in to the Treasurer for cards and regular subscriptions ; and We are happy in beisg able to state , that tho number of members is increasing weekly since Mr . O'Connor ' s visit to Carlisle . A letter was read from Mr . Baxter , tbe celebrated author of the " Book of the Bastiles , " kindly offering a copy for the use of the Association . The offer was very gratefully accepted .

      the working men ' s Mental Improvement Society . —The members and ethers taking an interest in this society , met on on Sunday evening last , at No . 6 , John-street , Caldewgate ; When the following question was brought forward by Mr . Bowman : " Have the Cumberland ballads of the late Robert Anderson , bad a salutary or evil ( f&ctlon society ? " Mr . Bowman went into the question at considerable length , and contended tbat they bad bad a salutary tffttct on society , inasmuch as they bad added to the enjoyment and instruction of tbe humble classes of ] the inhabitants of Cumberland ; and were accurate and graphic delineations of the manners and customs of the peasantry of that county . He also shewed their ! moral tendency by reading a variety of illustrations from some of the most popular , ballads ; wherein the ] ruinous effects of a life of folly

      and dissipation were clearly pointed out ; the repose and happiness attendant on a life of temperance and integrity most lively poartxayed ; where -vice was held np to public destitution ra all its hidoougness , and virtue and benevolence applauded and recommended . Tbe illustrations werej numerous and seemed to produce a convincing effect on the minds of the audience . There being no opposition a vote of thanks was carried t 9 Mr . Bowman and the Chairman . The following question will be brought forward and diseased on Sunday evening next , at six o ' clock . Admittance gratis . " Will the prosecutions now going on against Mr . Daniel 0 'ConneJl and ; other leading Repealeas , forward or retard the Repeal of the Union ? " —[ Can , &ur Carlisle correspondent favour us with any of Anderson ' s ballads ?] I

      &AX . FORX > . —The | Cbartiata of Salfowl met in their rooms , Great George-street , on Sunday aveniag last , to hear a lecture from Mr . Brophy . lli M'Fatlane -was ealled to the chair , who opened th » -proceedings with giving , as interesting account of a fcoar which be had lately made through a part of Scotland . Mr . littler then , gave a short address , sheeting the necessity ot local reform . The Chairman than introduced Mr . Brophy to the meeting , who gtxe a very energetic and interesting address , which was . listened towiih much satisfactioa \

      BltSTON . —The ; Chartists of this locality have ' organised themselves under the New Plan , through the assistance ol Mr . M'Graito , who delivered an excellent address in . the Social Institution , in Wood-street , on Wednesday last , to an attentive audience j Mr . John Cadley , an Irish Beyjealex , in tttt chair . A resolution was proposed , Beconded , and carried unanimously , av proving of the conduct of Mr . M'Gratb , believing him to be a fit and proper person to hold the high , oft /* of "President of the Executive . The Star will b ^ read every Sunday and Thu « day | ewxings , at y , r . John white's , \

      Untitled Article

      | REPDITGH . —On Saturday evening , the Chartist * of tais place met at the O Connor Arms , wneii the following suras were voted—namely , 53 . for Mr . Q-aorgo White , 5 s . for the Victim Fund , and 5 s . for cards , 1 OWBOW . —0 olden Lion , deaw-streex , Sobo . —On Sunday last , a public lecture was delivered at the above placa by Mr . T . M . Wheeler , Member of the Executive Coranztttee . The chair wa * filled by Mr . Philips . Ten new members were enrolled . Mr . Grover moved , and Mr . Hairaes seconded , a resolution" That we highly approve of the Executive ' s plan of engaging lecturers ; and hereby determine to . Tender them oar best assistaiiee in support of the same . " A collection was afterwards made for the veteran , Mr . T . Preston . Whitechapel . —Mr . Stallwood leotured to a crowded audience fa the White Hbrse Assembly Booms , on Sunday evening last .

      MANCHESTER—At a meeting of the Chartist Painter * of Manchester , heM in their room , Watoonstreet , Peter-street , on Wednesday evening last , the foliowin . Stuart lectured on Friday evening , in the Chartist Hall , Goat Inn , Cloth

      Market , on— " The comparative condition of the United States and , England , showing the advantageous position of the American People as contrasted with this Couutry . " Mr . S . having been long resident in the States and in South America , the information he communicated wao deeply interesting , and was confirmed by several individuals present who bad visited the States . At the unanimous request of the meeting , Mr . stu&rs delivered a second lectuie on the same subject , on Sunday evening , to a numerous audience , giving tbe greatest satisfaction to ths Chartists and all

      wbo were present . Glorious Triumph or the Chartists over the Free Traders in GaTESHead . —The Free Traders of GUeshead had a meeting in the Town Hall there , on Monday evening ; their placard earnestly invited all who were friendly te Free Trade to attend , as they intended to present an address to the electors of Salisbury , v ? bo voted for Mr . Bouverie at the recent election for that Borough ; and as the Chartists considered themselves friendly to the only species of Free Trade that , ia calculated to benefit tbe starving millions , they accepted the invitation . S . t the appointed hour , ( eight o'clock , ) Mr . Alderman Bracket , the gentleman who was elected President of tbe CrUesbeaci Free Traders , at a hole and corner meeting of some six or

      seven of that kidney , on the 9 ; h inat ., walked into the chair as if by natural instinct , and assayed to commence the proceedings by reading a letter frem Mr . Bouverie ' a committee , and was going to proceed with reading the address , which was ready cut and dry , and only wanted the sanction of the meeting ; but the Chartists had not been accustomed to have a chairman foisted upon them in that way , and politely asked if they intended to take tbe sense of the meeting in the appoint * meat of chairman ? After some discussion on the subject it was agreed tbat the voice of the meeting should be taken . Mr . Cook proposed that Mr . Brackett be appointed c airman , which was put to the meeting and agreed to . Toe chairman then read tbe address to the men of Salisbury , and likewise a resolution soliciting memberB to the free trade society , at annual contributions of 23 . 6 d . each , to be paid in advance , so as to assist in raising the £ 100 , 000 . A lengthy discussion

      took place on this resolution , on which Messrs , Stoart , Gammage , Ralph Currie , Sinclair , John M'Shane , and others took part—it was agreed to . Mr . Win . Lackey Harle then proposed— " that the address to the elsctors of Salisbury be adopted by this meeting , " which was duly seconded . The bee traders appeared happy that there appeared no opposition to the address ; but , alas , they were mistaken , for Mr . Cook , ofj the Blue Bell Inn , Gatesbead , proposed an addenda . They appeared quite chop-fallen . They-requested Mr . Cook to modify bis addenda . He stood to his integrity and would not flinch a peg . The result was that the chair * mnn declared Mr . Cook ' s amendment carried by a large majority , and at the same time declared that he would not sign the address as agreed to by the meeting ; He ran away amid the hisses of the major part of tbe audience . Three cheers and one cheer more was then given for tbe People ' s Charter , and the meeting seperated .

      STOCKPORT . —On Sunday last Mr . M'Grath of London , delivered a very able lecture on Class Legislation , to a numerous and attentive audience who were highly delighted . Oae hundred and seventeen cards were taken out , and 16 s . collected at the door .

      Mortality in the Metropolis . —We regrefeito state that the returns for the past week show a great increase in the number of deaths . In the week ending November 11 , the deaths were 1016 , while according to tbe present return they amount to 1230—showing an inert ase of not less than 214 , Deaths from measles , scarlatina , diarrhcea , and dysentery are still high , but the greatest increase has taken place in diseases of the luugs and from old age . The average deaths caused by pneumonia ia ninety , while during the last week it was 199 . The average deaths from consumption at this season is

      131 , while the present return mates it 171 , and from , old age or natural deoay the numbers have increased from 69 to 100 . In diseases of the lungs tho increase has been more than doubled—the average being 278 , while in the week ending November 18 the number was 459 . In almost every complaint to which man is liable there has been an increase * The average for all during the last five autumns was 90 S , while the last return shows an increase for one week of 322 . We have no account of the daily mean temperature , as no person has yet been appointed to succeed Mr . Robertson , who made ' op this part of the return . —< Sim , of Saturday .

      Infanticide . —On Saturday evening , Mr . Wakley , M . P ., coroner , held an inquest at the Crown Inn , Highstreet , Kensington , on the body of a newly-born female infant , which was found on tbe morning of Thursday last , wrapped in a piece of cotton , at the Bide of the path in Ladbroke-grove , Notting-hilL Gu&zz * roni , the surgeon , who had opened the body , gave it as bis opinion tbat tbe child bad lived some hours , and he attributed its death to neglect on the part of its parent after its birth . The coroner said in that case tbe neglect amounted to murder . Verdict , Wilful murder against some person unknown .

      Robbert and Murder . —On Saturday morning , between one and two o ' clock , a cruel robbery was perpetrated at the house of two aged and inarm per . sons , named Sperring , situate in the Upper BriBtoI * road , in the pariah of Weaton , near Bristol . The villa'ns , three in number , made an entrance through the roof of the dwelling , by removing several of the stone tiles . They then rushed into the kitchen , where they found Mrs . Sperring , and threatened to blow out her brains if she gave any alarm , or made the least resistance , and the poor old woman fainted . The thieves then entered the bed-ioom of the old man , and , ¦ with , imprecations , demanded his money . He offered them a sovereign to leave tha place , but they refused , and threatened his life if he did not tell them where he kept his money , stating they knew he had money in the house . One of them pulled out a box from under the bed , and broke it open , from which they to&k £ 70 in money , and a silver watch , maker ' s , name , "

      Bullock , " Bath , with which they decamped , leaving the old woman in a state of insensibility . Sperring whoappears to be a man of very penurious habits , occupiesa detached cottage , which is situate about 200 yard * from tbe Kelaton turnpike-gate . His wife being acripple , and he refusing to allow any person to enter his dwelling , tha house presents a most filthy appear' ance . We are given to understand that the £ 7 ft of which be bas been plundered , was boarded in tbe handle of an old saucepan , and thut an additional £ ? 9 secreted in Borne rags fortunately escaped the hands of the burglars . Tbe violence of tbe ruffians resulted in the death of tbe old woman , ( who is about eighty years of age ) , which event took place yesterday morning , and an inquest will be held on her body thi ^ day . Through the activity of the city police , and tha chief officer , Mr . Hall , four individuals are now in custody on suspicion of having been conceme

      Extraordinary > n » Long ^ planned robbery Atf THE OJJ > SHADES TjkVEBN , LONPON BRIDGE . — The Shades , so well known at Woodin's , near London Bridge , was on Saturday niorniug found to have been broken into , under very extraordinary circumstances , and notes and gold stolen to thr amount of near £ 100 . Tbat this robbery has been effected by the most expert thieves on town , there can bo no doubt , and tbe appliances which weie used sbov ; the dtxterity , coolness , and perseverance with which the work was done . Since Mr . Woodia ' s death , M essrs . Nicholla and Pellatt

      have been the proprietors of the house , and they have rarely left aay money on ' the premises , it being paid into-their bankers . For soveral mornings previous to Saturday * Mr . Pellatt tbo-oght that the key , whea he placed it is the lock , jumped up in a very extraordinary manner , and he bad it taken off , determined to have another . The old one w as found to contain putty and other things , which » ed to strll stronger suspicion . Upon the policemar . going round on Saturday morning , about sir . o ' clock i he observed nothing extraordinary about the premises , but on passing at twenty minutes to seven , it sttack him there was a noise in tbe house . Some alarm seems to have been given , rid it was then found that tbe lock had been replaced by a new one . An entry was made , and the old loci '; was found lying in a part of tbe ball , with a skeleton key In . it . There can be no doubt that moulds ol

      the plan haj ^ been long organised , and the the oateir l ^ k had been taken , as it had evidently bwn taken off and replaced . When Mr . Pellatt went to the iron chest in which , on tbe oversight , £ 70 bad been leVt , he found it open , and the money gone . The process by which this was done was singular and artiatica ' ,. The key , which would seeni to have been made for the lock , was too small , and a blow pipe , found * mongBt skeleton feeys « m « other thing * near the spot , had been used in order to fit it to the lock and the lock to it . in a corner of tbe roam were the old lock v Witn a skeleton key in it , two skeleton keya and a dark lantern . No doubt exista but that this robbery has been planned for along time , and that , in the absenee . ef the watchman , tbe outer padlock had been taken off and a new one put on , while the keyB were being made , &A pieaent there is no das to the burglars .

      Untitled Article

      Whitehaten . —Tbe following sums has been received from Newcastle-on-Tyne , on the 22 nd instant , for the Cumberland colliers , to tbe amount of £ 25 , as follows . —Black Boy £ 2 10 ; Netherton £ 1 10 ; Garsfield 93 ; Oakwellgate 8 s 6 d ; South Pelew 8 s ; Heworth 14 s 9 d ; Urpetb 10 s ( id ; Hebburn , £ la 12 s lid ; Ouston £ l 12 s 6 d ; Heaton £ 2 7 s SKI ; North Hetton £ 1 lls 3 d ; Exdose 7 s 1 . 0 d ; Wylam £ 1 4 s 3 d ; Walker £ 1 14 s ; Whitley £ 2 4 s j Nova Scotia 8 a 4 ( 1 ,- Ravensworth £ 1 ; Sheniff Hill £ 1 Is 3 d ; Gosforth £ 1 10 s ; Edmondsby £ 2 2 a . A meeting of tbe Miners of this district took place on Saturday in Mossop ' s Long Boom , Newstreet , Mr . John Harrison in the chair . Mr . Matthew Haliiday gave a powerful address on the restriction question , and was repeatedly CUeered .

      • VlARYPORT , Nov . 28 . —Mr . Hunter attended a meeting of the Miners of tbis place . After the address of Mr . Hunter , several came forward and paid in their contributions , and took out the first and second number of this Miners' Journal . They are a most miserable oppressed Bet of men , being from fourteen to sixteen hours id tbe bowels of the earth every day ; and , after they have done their hard day ' s work , they have to travel three and fouc miles to their miserable homes ; and in this neighbourhood tbe truck system is carried ob , both in the collieries and upon the Maryport railway going through to Carlisle . Several of our men having been employed upon the railway in the time of tbe strike in that part ; and you may believe me , that it is nothing short of the same system carried on in other parts of the country .

      Deahham , Nov . 24 . —Mr . Hunter , agent of the Miners' Association , addressed tbe miners of tais place . At the conclusion , twenty gave in their names to become subssribers to the Miners' Journal—also a list of names were taken down to subscribe to the Northern Star . One man paid down one shilling ; and said , if it were not possible to raise as much as would purchase one , he would , make up tbe deficiency ; they having bad the pleasure of seeing oae copy of that valuable paper , approve of the principles i « advocates . The same steps are being taken at Flimby , Maryport , iic . which I bope will meet with success .

      WORKINOTON , Nov . 23 . —A delegate meeting or the Miners of Cumberland was held in the New lioflge Room , Washington-street . Delegates were present from Cleator Moor , Wbitehaven , Parten , Harrington , Woikington , Seoton , Daarham , Ougbterside , and Maryport . Mf . Holliday was moved to tbe cbair . Minutes of the last meeting being read , the Secretary proceeded to call over the names of the collieries . Tbe number of unemployed were ascertained to be reduced to 109 , being twenty-eight less tban last week . It was then resolved tbat £ 1 should be sent to Newcastle , towards defnvyiag the expences of the counael employed on the trials of Doran and Garraty . It was also agreed tha ^ one half of the contributions be collected , and sent off to the General Board .

      HaRj&ingxon , Nov . 25 . —A meeting of the Miners of tb ^ s place was held in Mr . Musgrove ' a Long Room , it fe ^ ng tno first meeting of the second quarter . Mr . Hunter attended , and addressed tbe audience . MR . Holliday attended the following placeB : —• OugbtetBide , Monday , Nov . 20 ; Gillcrux , Tuesday , Nov . 21 ; Dearham , Nov 22 j delegate meeting , Workington , Nov . 23 ; Whitehaven , Nov . 25 , At ; all of which places he met witb good auccee ? .

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      EDINBURGH . THE PROSECUTIONS FOR BLASPHEMY , A public rneetiBg was held in tbe large Waterloo Rooms , Edinburgh , on Tuesday evening , the 21 st inst > , in conaequeDce of the imprisonment of Thomas Paterson and Henry Robinson ! , booksellers , of this city , for the alleged crime of blasphemy , to petition Parliament for tbe abrogation of the laws under which they wera convicted , and to memorialize her Majesty for their release . ! About an hour before the time of meeting , the rain

      began to pour in torrents , and continued so to do all tue evening , which ; it was thought would have the effect of greatly thinning the attendance . But notwithstanding the extreme inclemency of the Weather , When the hour for taking the chair arrived , tbe room was we !) filled with a vbry respectable audience of about 1100 persons , amongst whom were several ladies . At tbe commencement of tbe proceedings , a few individuals attempted to breed confusion by noisy clamour . Tbe noise was soon , suppressed , and the proceedings went on in a most orderly way . This being a public

      mejggjh ail parties were allowed a fair hearing ; the Clapn did not send persons to prison for attauinting ^ Speak in order , as was done by the late Lord Provost , at a recent meeting in tbe same rooms , called to sympathise witb Or . Kalley . To the first resolution an amendment was proposed , " Tbat this meeting approves of tbe sentences passed by tbe High Court of Justiciary upon Messrs . Paterson and Robinson . " { This amendment was spoken to and supported by several persons from tbe body of tbe meeting ; but when the question was put from the cbair , tbe original resolution was carried unanimously , with theexceptiau of nine dissentients . ; After so signal a triumph , 'the friends of liberty of conscience bad everything their own way , and tbe resolutions , petition , and memorial were carried unanimously . The meeting did \ not disperse till nearly twelve o'clock , the proceedings tbrougbout were enthusiastic , and will doubtless teach an important lesson to the authorities . !

      After an address from Mr . Peddie , wbo was unanimously called to the' chair , tbe resolutions were proposed in the toJlgwirig order ;—1 : —Moved by Air . ; South well , seconded by Mr . CummingB , " Tbat all penal restrictions upon the tongue or the press , to prevent tbe utterance or publication of opinion , are detrimental to truth and morality , and to tbe welfare of society , and tbat all laws fettering freedom of expression should be immediately abrogated , " 2—Moved by Mr ! H . Jtffory , seconded by Mr . J . Grant , " Tbat the imprisonment of Thomas Paterson and Henry Robinson , booksellers , of this city , for vending works containing denials of the truth of the prevalent religious doctrines , is impolitic , unjust , and intolerant ' ] 3—Moved by Mr . j Tankard , seconded by Mr . Sergeant , ' < Tbat tbe following petition to the House of Commons , and memorial to ber Majesty be adopted by this meeting . ( These are subjoined ) .

      4—Moved by Mr . ; Jeffery , seconded by Mr . Sutherland , — " That the petition to tbe House of Commons be presented by T . S . Duncombe , Esq . "

      ( COPS OF PETITION . ) To the Honourable \ the Commons of Great Britain and Ireland in parliament assembled . The Petition of the undersigned Inhabitants of Edinburgh , in public ) meeting assembled . ; Humbly Sheweth— That your petitioners view witb much regret and indignation , the proceedings lately taken by ber Majesty ' s Advocate in Scotland , against Thomas Patfeiaon and Henry Robinson , booksellers of this city , who have been prosecuted for the sale of wotks containing denials of the truth of tbe established creeds , and who on that account , have been sentenced to tbe terms of fifteen month's and twelve month ' s imprisonment respectively , to be treated as common felons . j That such persecutions are totally at variance with tbe great principle of Protestantism , which giveB to all the right of individual judgment , and professes therefore to interfere with the conscience of no man .

      Tbat the crime of blasphemy , so called , has no fixed or eettied definition , but varies witb time and place , as ia instanced in tbe present day , in tbe lamented prosecution of Dr . Killey of Madeira , for preaching tbe Protestant religion , which is there accounted blasphemous . Tbe founders of Christianity , the Protestant reformers , and all the opponents of superstitious error have been charged with tbe same crime . Indeed , every man who denies all religions bnt bis own , is an infidel and blasphemer to every religion except the one which be professes . 1 That fallacious arguments against , and unjust vituperations of religion , may be answered by refutations and exposure , tbe people of Great Britain and Ireland support , at an enormous expense , priests and clergymen wbo are " set in defence of tbe gospel , " whose office it is te repel the attacks of infidelity , and who , if tbey did tbeir duty , would render unnessary the interference of courts of law with matters of opinion .

      Cfoarttist Ditufutftcttc*.

      Cfoarttist ditUfUtftCttc * .

      The B" Oicthern Star Satubday, December %, 1843.

      THE B" OICTHERN STAR SATUBDAY , DECEMBER % , 1843 .

      ^Citnet Ann &Rt,

      ^ citnet ann &rt ,

      2ti&Gt;* Gouitv&' Ffitobemenv

      2 Ti >* GoUitv&' ffitobemenV

      Untitled Article

      * TJre ' s Chemical Dictionary . Annals of Electricity , voL vii .

      Untitled Article

      THE NOBTHERNJtAr ; j ^__ /

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Dec. 2, 1843, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct957/page/7/