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Northern Star (1837-1852), 5th August 1843, Edition 5 of 5, Page 6, Untitled Article

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      Untitled Article

      iSBEAT CHABTJSI iiEET 12 S « AT BRISTOL , IK EYAS'S BOTAL CIRCUS . On Wgenesesy last , tbe largest in-door meeting that Las ta& ~ n p-ac ? in Bristol fox many yesrs , "was held in the above ja * ad-Ep 3 cacas"ba 2 diog . for tfca pnrposo « l iesr ^ s Mr . F = 3 rgB 3 O Connor . The ctuldiBgis-cspaide olhddhjg somsshsrs a&sc : six tfioa ^ tnid , aafi WES tiEmsj&d iner-Ty ijsrfc . air : O'Csnuor sag Mr . Roberts srm-sd precisely- at eigbt o ' clock , ana *? ere iccelYed -Kitfc ifce most feesrij greefems .

      Hz . Normal " * & 3 appointed to take tbe chair , and -after a fcritf s&d annroprjzte address , iErTwdared . Six 3 ? exTSU 3 O ^ ConBOT , "Who , open pres—Hug hssssfclf , wa received -with load aad Wg eoEtfcnied applBusew Bendta s goodly narnbe ? of ihe middle classes , there "Were Did ; a few ef The jzXj aristocracy present , and Sir . © TJoraior , having measured the * tnff «* F ttMcs ins andienrs -xaa composed , drrided hisaddress into seTeral 2 i 2 ad > , each silsng the poaalion , the interest , and the ^ HDcplesoI ihose sections to whom they were directed j and in iis Ennmsry , he proved to fhs middle and the T » ip >^ T classes , that from the enactment of the People ' s Charter , sec ttslsiose , eoald they expect any redress of those grievances ¦ SFClch rfflicted thai order , keo to lemove shich they » eis sow BtmgeHng in -rain . He

      explained iow th * wrrer&i reprtsested classes had luSErto l 3 esn enabled to insure s redress of their own gnsrsness bj cs ! rg inflamed public opinion as a means cf ti \ r ^ cting redress from the fears of the Government ; li&ttiiat new , -pnsiisflpnuaa was too sound , too highly cultivated , tea Tiitaons and united to be tamed into & sknsiaerjng fores to battle for the itterei > t of others . Be explained tLa 1 ,-ssa question from tha beginning to the end , sbtnriag how the political power that it created jBdiiced its offaera lo misuse It , -white the Tery meanest , possession tf a portion of it enabled the oppressed lri ° h people to stand oat more fearlessly for their lights ihan'the "English -working-men , -who , 2 > elBg ¦ wholly deprrral of it , Ere compsBea toliTelrom h * nd to Eaatlj , se 3 thtrtby XEndered dependent upon the

      ¦ Bill t-f their tssk-inssSers . 3 ui O'Connor also entered upon tea qaestiaa cf a ii ? peal of tile Union , shoving its radfS ^ sscy -ehi ^ es accompsniefi by the Charter , and 3 sprob 3 * i 3 K tke Icily ei attaching all-importance to the JEHreeristeace of&n Irish Parliament . As far , said he , as a mere PsrlJHaent ^ oes , sorely Ireland lias no reason to complain , ss tbs has the United Paiiament all to herself I 2 ? oihiES-ln £ iTeiand , Irish 3 aE § iordB and Irish parsons , W >> magistrates , Irish poHc = mgn , Irish meetings , and Irish Attt . b'Bill ,-bektg dise&ssed in the senate bouse ; s& that in iztt , Irelartd has a great big Parliament atthg In Lcncon , and England has so Parlianient at all ; sad if Ireland had a Parliaaieatsitfinjf in-GoDege GrreB , ami iftEroed by the same standard of franchise that the 3 ci& Patriisiaent sitiini ? in iLondon is retnrned

      DJ , Tsrisy fe Oat case su the dsSsrence -wddW be , tfcat dcaiesric ^ rasrs voniu manufacture domEBtic chaluB forfeeiralaTEs ; yiMiB ~ mOi a general exchequer , all 4 he iat » EEy , oppression money , corrnpt 3 on money , and irfiseiy inoBey leqtssied fax sa ^?» g Irish xnenab-irB , \ roald be extracted ftom theindnstry of the Eoglish midfils and ^ orlang ciissss . ThsTerysamexibjecSoES told gDod agsinst a federal alliance ; and therefore , said 2 &x . O / CoEEcr , I am for a distinct , independent , natiTe SarTisment retmaed upon every principle contained in fee Pe&pln ' s catarfea : 5 sod ience , I am » Sq > ealer ' a CSiEiail—( Uaa Tsasonis ? -was followed by load and long-cos&mcd cheering , the Irishmen , of -whom a large member - « cre prc * ent , Joining lustily in the thorns ) . Sir . O'Connor then entered at considerable length

      upon the present state and prospects of the Chartist ~ boGj r < xpiainsag the bancfliB that he anticipated Jroni -flie set ^ gxiFsiSu m -of t&e party , and leiterating his determination to use his every energy to reconcile all esisSsg differences ; to mate the party into one great phalanx , snd then to rely upon the dt-creiicn , the courage , and the judgment from such onceatotion , fcrths saccessof the democratic prin opie . WMle li « strcngly denounced the enlistment oi the Chaxdst inxly xawiar anyzectional banner , he as jtxoigly , and upon ihe same principle , Tepndiaied aDj foreign connection -whatever , obsemng in the trords el the pott—that if ^ England "was nol strong encueh to

      keep the dog from her own door , let hex be worried xnd bitten . Oae cf his greatest difficulties had been that of 3 HT » r > g 7 "ff » nifr- < 0 » unifying opinion at home % and lie ± > cj > ed thas fce -troold -zteTer lire to see the dsy -when ~ RngKvhTn » T > Irishmen , Scotchmen , or ¦ Welshmen , ¦ would be assd atoagh to >« g » Tn their cause , by sn appeal to foreign arbitrators , "who , having adjusted the qnarrel their oam "way , "ironld Jiien erect the standard of foreign middle-class tyranny , to -which he mneb preffirred the 3 yzssny of " ths to ^ iibs they lEseT . " Ai tfee coocIaSon of his address , t 2 » Bpeakw sat down , sxnid the most laDtonnu and- aithonEsUe sppl&nse , followed by ira-fing of hata and hiedkercblafs , -which lasted for sereral minntes ..

      A cordisl vote of tfeaniB "was then accorded toJb . CTCoimor , in reply 10-which , he Btated , that the aecesaty imposed upon him , of standing so long upon- his "Wounded leg , had given Mm considerable pain , and put it to the meeting -whethfir dey irouid not ezcose his attendance spon the following night , in cwnsegnesce of the in jury , and Trpon a promise that in so . -weeks he -would sg&m sddzess t&eni . - TfaiaupoTogy "wssreceired ¦ with shoots of " don't come tomorraw , vnH "well be glad to see yea again . " Tbs speaker then aiied them if they had received any instrnctioii from bis address , -wh : ca "watiiesponded to "withx > ne nnaaimcns shoat of " Aye , -we iaTe ^ hat » " 2 dr- O'Cimoor then proposed , ass yir . Simeon -seconded , s -vote of **>« " * ' to the Gh&innaa , after vhich tbe-assemhled tkonsaads retired mnefc gzatiBsd , and , as 3 It O'Comtor and 2 St . Roberts drove from the Circus , they -were greeted iriEaloaa and fT » th ^ " ? p « tirr dieers ; the bra ve Hiberniacs strojgliEg hard forashate of their countryman ' s hand .

      It -90 iQd be impossible to describe the sltez&d tone of the several parties ' since lir . O'Gonnort viai ; all e ^ ssts joising in the avostsl , that lie is resolved npsa doing -e- ' tsS lies in 2 na -power lot the amelioration -of the-fforirng ebsses ; irhBe they are ready to admit , that they have been Hiisfcsken in their opinion of him . The Irishmen in particular express their thankfnlness at Bfcver Ivsrfing jcised insny abase or -desiiieiatioj cf Km , -whom they ea& ths "BIGHT SORT OF AN TRTRTTW ATf . "

      Untitled Article

      ~—_ - ^ __ R O * C 0 Nl ?< m E SQ ^ DJ ' ! ER 0 W 3 EIDGE . Bills having been distributed in this town ana vicinity , announcing a public meeting to deliberate en tbe present tSEtr&ssed state of the country , and that F . O ^ Jamn » , Bsg- Twmld he prraent , ^ at ShB time appointed for the arrival of that distinxTdahed patriot on Satnrday evening , erovds of the -worting classes -were to be aeeo proceeding tcnrsr&a Bath from Trbenee Mr . OXJonnor ytaa expected , and -waiflng bia arrival on 3 ! rcml -Cummca tbuLweun Troirbriflge and Bradford ) , "Vberean excellent band vasin&ttezidaaee . Thecougre gating crcwdi soon became anxkms thoasandsj acces sions of Bombers conttnaaCy arrivingfrom the snrronnd ing vill » fEa . Mr . O'Connor at length arrived and -was inBfwiAthe ^ aoatgaihnyiMficgrEetang of the assembled mnltitode . After the cheering had somewhat

      znbanflfd . the lanage , preceded by the band proceeded towards the town , the nnmbera increasing &s "ttoey approached , till on entering Trowbridge , the Btreets leading io the Inn ai -which Mr . O'Connor -was expected to put up "were crammed , aad the 'windows of nearly every lionse crowded -witi snxions spectators to see the great champion of the csnse of the people . The mmi > en eonld net hsve fallen short of 10 , # 00 . Ht OiGonuor ca-Tzcg afichted from the carriage , after remamin ; a fihort tiiEe ioi Tefrefhssezst proceeded to the place of meeting , Hope Chapel , ¦ which from the idea cf many ( as "We heard tspressed sf'erwards ) that it -would be TiggV ^ i for them to coma to attempt an admission , or from ths distress of others , the admission being trwope es ^ siHiieservrdsss . tB sixpence , "was not so foil as xnight 2 i 3 Te fcsen

      Sssir&d-Mr . JAXES Ma £ CHjct ? hiving been nnaaimon ^ elected to £ 11 tie chair , said—ladies and Gentlemen , 3 fe * l prond that y « : isvs ^« j proper to elect a -sroiMiig man to tLe chatr ibiB evening . I -will proceed at tmce to Tead the bill cJiing tSiB meeting "which is as follows : — " Tbottbexdce . —The Charter , iie leagne , sad Brp ^ a .- J—Pt 2 xra 3 O'Concca , Siq—^^ On Saturday , Jnlj 29 , a pcblic mEStin . ; to deliberate xrpon the present JiBtrtiBic slate of the country , will be held at Hope Chapel , "when that indefatigable friend nf the people . Fffirgua O'Connor , Bsg-, -will address the meet-3 ng Ths iBhabitants td the town generally , and its ricmty , are rerpectfnHy m-ritcd to attend , -with open , candid , ami ¦ nsjatjmlieea miuda . The chair tnU hi taken ai sevoi p ' cicci precisely . Ths natriot , bei ^ i mable to spesi an tiae cpa air , there win bs no pi ^> - cssaon , save a band c ! music , to "welcome Lira into the toTsn . —Admittance 2 i eash ; refearved seats 6 a tv defray the expenses . " *

      The CasasBHii proceefed—My friends , -we sre m- > here to dtkfertatfi oa a Entjeetfna of import to g ? ---one present—let distxesseo t , t * te cf ths ccee . ^ As s . <^^ ti-i i-ooy tbej -ffe rs mei to icqsire into tne eui . -- -, < J that « HtKSi- aad icqair * Trlat Tfss ths best r- m . cy for fea e ^ siS efi ^ ctt of those « ki ? ss . ( H » i h ^ r ' s They had net called that meeting as a ticket masticsas kkeb parties ^^ d saie in town ; but as a public meeting , "where tve-ry , cr any one , -would havs a ilxht to exprt 33 hia cpinioa , and the object of -which -was to flisenss the freai question of -what -was tte best meaia oT iea «> -yi = K tie present distress which exiStefi in this « on by . iHear , heat ) Tkej would i « aart also , and be -wished to impress it upon their attenfian , thst the Inhabitants -were invited to attend -with *> psn , candid , and BDf'jvjodiced minds . He hoped they 7 ouM act in fail accsrdasce "snSch fhiB xsojutsi . thqBgh he "was 2 ony to thj that rince that irmtstUm had been peb-Hshfid sot

      , enemies of tbs people v ^ re -wasting -who bad endeavoured to create the sost ncfair prejudice in the jnindj of the people c gainst the gentlemen -w £ om ibey-woniaiave the pleasure of tearing that evening 3 nt lie -waa happy io say they baS . sot snecesded sa -was unmKfattnfl ij the cumbers slio lad -welcomed the patriot OXJonnor to tbtir town that evening—icheen ) He -would eall on Mr . Ra ^ l-ngs to more the leaolntion 2 dr . BawuKGS *? id » he was proud to see ths zrnmben assembled to JUttai to the gtctleman "who bad come thsre to address them , tct he -was sorry there were not more . Jmi . vh . j -w * ra tbers -sot mere ? It -was nst becanxe the heirtsof ihe people -were not -with that gentleman . 3 ? tfcty bad say doabta on that point let than loot to theprooeaRon previous to that meeting * nd those doubt * -would be dispelled . There they could bjrre seen ih « thon « iBdB with gating eye * and-with -warm be * rte , to / wele 6 ffle the psMot to tiatr town . No , it

      Untitled Article

      • was i-ot from tLe feeling of ths people that th : y saw no mora there that evening . It was because of thsir poverty . A few years ago , in that town , twopenc ¦ wonld havB been nolhing to the -working man . [ A peany , a EhilUng , or a pound , weald have been nothing -then . 7 es , a poizod coald hsre bees better spared then aSm two-peiicecDTiltl no-w—ibesi ) . The accursed system under which Siey lived bad ground down the poor to Ench a state that men could sot come , for thsir children -were ^ crying at borne for the two pennyworth : of bre ^ jl—( be&i , hear ) . They bad coae there for the pnrpoES of ccmsidering that under which England was now grossing—distress ; findhfe -was txae that every honest , s ? exy ieasenal ) le , every jutt man that wishes veil towarfisMs fellow isen , conld not object to discuss the best atasB ^ f removing it from theshor es of their landjchtera ) . Be belieTcd that all the evils under which

      fhe -wetting classes "were sow groaning originated in class legislation—( cheers ) . We look for prosperity alone from the enactment cf that document so much deplBsd by the ricb ., but approved of by the poor—the People ' s Charter—{ cheers } . He would read to them the . res&lntion be bad to propose , embodying these sentimeiita , and -wbieb -was as follows : — " Tbat it is the opinion of this meeting that the unprecedented distress of the Ifibooring classes is owing to class Je ^ islation ; sad the only xanedy to recover happiness and priisperity is the enactment of the People ' s Charter ; and this meeting pledges itself not to relax itB influence and power until that document becomes the law of the fcnd" —( cheers ) . 2 fow , he would ask them , was there ever a time in the history of Great Britain , when distress tcis so general as at the present time ? There ¦ cas col till the present time & period in our history , i > ut that , the honest and industrious man could live by the

      . fruits of his labour . The man at the plough used I to go to the field with pleasure , and -whistle whilst at I -work -Kith a secret joy . And why did he do so ? ilt ; -was because when he rose in the morning , and whilst [ employed in bis daily labour , he conldlook to the even-| ing , and know that after bis toil for the day was finished ! he could return to a good home to enjoy the comfortable m « a \? Uh his wife and little ones . Bat now when the i man rises in the morning , he proceeds to Mb l&bqui ' with a gloom on Us countenance and a heavy ¦ Jieart I without & hope to cheer the day or raise bis drooping I spirit . He knows that when bis labour shall be cotn-: pleted , he has to return to a hovel that scarcely shelters \ him and Mb family . Such is the change that has { taken place . Instead of happiness and cheerfulness 1 prfeTailingail is gloom andbeavisessinstead of " ¦¦ ¦ ¦ TAfc \* v&

      , ; warm I j » _ - *> t ' * a j - * - ° £ J-iv * vjjj » fcjjfcj , xjc »*« sj-v j *** a ^ % r ** naim i and comfortable clothing he sees biB wife and family S ia I rags . There is no food in that pantry that used to be ] full ; the pig-sty too that used to contain a good ! pig , is now without one and has been so for some j tirca as is she-srzi In its rained condition—broken , almost demolished ; the pantry tbat used to contain a good flitch of bacon and barrel of beer , now contains no bacon , and the barrel without the besr , and often the barrel is gone too . The present distress made : it hlzh t "" for England to swake , to arise , to inquire the ¦ cause that pressed her down—( cheeiB ) . This is called ' a Christian land ; thtre is more Christianity professed in this country t&an all the world besides ; but the beloved ' spirit & charity of Jesns had sunk deep into the spirit

      I of fergetfnlntsa amongst them , and this had made more ; Isfidols \ > . ht , all o&ez causes besides . It -was the duty ; of chriEtiaEs to awake ; it was the duty 01 ministers to . stir up their hearers to action lest the flood-gateaiof j infidelity be opened and oveiflaw the land . Class legis-. l&tion was the evil that oppressed the working man and brought him into his present distressed condition . J aax . Boi-weli ., of Bath ; , in seconding the resolQVion , j said , it -was a long time since be met them upon I an occasion Eke the present , but though he bad ' , not lately had an opportunity of attending their mett-I ings , ha had not forgot the many times he bad enjoyed j democratic fellowship with them . When he entered Ltheir town , be had no intention of taking any part an ' the proceedings of that evening . J 3 nt since their

      j chsirnmD bad called upon him to second the I resolution which they had beard proposed , he I should feel much pleasure in according with . his request ; for as long as life animated his frame , and | the b ^ eod flowed in his veins , wnilst he bad a duty 1 to perform in the cause of liberty , he would be found j at his post to fulfil it ( Cheers . ) You have heard the ' cJ ^^ ct cf tbe present meeting from your Chairman , < and also the resolution moved by « vr friend Mr . Raw-, lings , -which shews the only means of removing the j present distress of the conn . ry . Our friend has regretted I that many gentlemen whom he thinks should be here , are sot with us ; that many professing Christianity are I fonsd wanting in real sympathy for the treats of tbe ; poor . Wen , they were absent , and where were thf y ?

      They "were at home in their parlours , or on their sofas . ( Hear , hear . ) They know , you know , I inow , that the Chartist form o ! government would bring happiness and Prosperity to all classes cf society ; and to selfish are they that they would sot , tor one moment , the working classes -were placed cs ttie same footing with them-. selves . He had read of their having & Large meetmgin Trowhridge to oppose Ihe Factory Bill , and those gentlemen who were sow absent wets not sparing in their condemnations of Sir Janes Graham and tyranny . { Hear , tear . ) It then touched tbesapelvea ; but now a meeting -was called to eos&tdez tbat -which more particularly tifected the working classes , they-were not to be found . The resolution they bad heard proposed , after speaking

      of the universality of the present distress , stated tbe cacse of it to be cl- » a l ^ Uiation , and the only remedy to resover happiness sad prosperity -was tbe enactment of the People ' s Charter . This ^ as bis opinion . Now , Triih xeg&rd to thB prevalence ei Jhe distress . They felt it—as a manufacturing people , they f « -Ii it more thaD oihfcrs ; bet tbey were not alone . Many of them might think thi . t distress was unknown to the people of Bath —that it was a thing not to be found in that aristocratic city . He would give them three instances - to shew that poverty did « xist even in Bath . A few months ago a Bay and a girl felt down in the streets from exhaustion , in consrqnence of want of food . { Shame . ) Another case wzs loat of a poor woman , who had died suddenly . A Coroner ' * inquest was held upon ths body , and he was one of the Jury . From what

      he beard in evidence , and from the appearance : of the body he "was induced to think the woman had died of want . He constqasntly expressed Ms opinion to his brother jurors , and they requested that a ppe morion examination ahoald take place , and what did . tbey think was the result ? In England , in Bath , the Qseen of cities , and seat of the aristocracy—the Queen of cities is a ceratry boasting of being . the glory of snrronnding nations and the admiration of the -world , the surgeons discovered nothing in the stomach of this woman , but a small portion of pudding ; apd -what think ye , daughters of England , was the covering of this poor woman 1—it was nothing but the ragged remains of an old sbarwl—( shame ) . yeB ,-1 lifire lay our sister in Bath , the Qnten of cities , clothed in these rags , and" dead ioi the want of the necessaries of

      life—{ shame } . He did sot wiBh to excite their passions , i He mentioned these instances only for the purpose : of ' sbo-ffi&g them that distress war sot confined to Trow-: bridge , bnt was to be found in Bath . Distress waa ^ Dot to t-e _ fonnd alone in tbe agricultural or tbe rasaa- \ factoring districts , but every where . He -would rak , them as men after this if there was 00 seed of a re-1 medy ? "Whether or not , something ought to be done j before -we were annihilated ? What then , the question j would be , is to be done ? Several remedies had been : } . ? oposed by various parties . Some were for the Repeal ' , ei tbe Core Laws , othsrs lor building churches , and a smEtber of remedies besides had been proposed . He ! beiifcVed thai the only remedy to bring about permanent , prosperity , and rtstsre England to that state she formerly -3 ^ 3 in was the enactment of tbe Peoples

      Cb&Tter as the law of tht land . But perhaps there : ¦ sere Esms Ihaa who did not understand what the darter -was . Its first principle was Universal Siif- , frase . What does this mean ? It means tba power , of ' ¦ € l-d ± ng UiOEe meD by whom ihBy -ssre to be governed , i Ttia -was cried against by the middle class , and , it vas pr ^ t lided the ¦ working classes -wtre not £ uui- 1 ciet ^ iy t-ducated to possess a vote ; and that j tbey -B-ouJd elect a House of Commons "which -would ] bring nan upon tbe country ; but he would ask them j who h&d got the power of voting at prestnt ? It was i impossible they could have a House of Commons less 1 quaiiSed than this present one , let them elect them how ' tbey -would—( bear , hear ) . There w&s very little } danger in his opinion , in giving the SufiF-age to tbe I people . Bid they mean to say the people would not ( i ; 017 who were the men best fitted to serve them 7 Let <

      them look to their trade societies , their benefit si-cie- Us * , and all the other societies with which tbey were i cocDtcted , and see if they did not know how to elect j th ^ best men to 511 the various offices ia them —( hear , ¦ ' iitsu . Did &ej not iaiow whe ; i tbey were hungry , ! wLen they weietbirety , when they were nakfcd 1 When ' thry -sygre taunted with beicg ignur&nt he would say give i tham the Franchise and it w 31 make them thi : » k—it ; ¦ will make them wise . For instance , suppose John to be a Ttry ignorant man , fcnt thsa recollect God has given ; > srn ? a Blind- God fcus givtu every xa&zi a mind . It is i an inswlt to , it is tx ^ z ^ oa sgiicat . Dsity to say & man has not got a mic ^ J . Acd tLr-t mind is capable of thiiiksag and of ii qairing . Well , yon give John a vote . He directly u . qu * res what he shall do with it ? j

      He feels , he knows he haBgot something given him "wbish he is leou ' ired to nse again . Well , he has got a neighbour who kiuys's something about politics—be go * s to lam and cays—Tom , I . have got something here , ¦ wfcat is it ? Tom looks at the paper and says , ifc ' a a vote Jack , a vote , aaja John , whatfB the meaning rof that ? why , Jack , it ie a vote for a Member of Parll"aent—yon have the power to give yonr voice for ? or against the election of any man to the House ol Commo : s . WfcU , here is Ihe man led to inquiry , and the more the nuta inquires , the greater importance trill be attach to that which he has had given him . ( Hear , bear . } Slaves are always ignorant , and willing slaves the most ignorant Bnt clace man in a state of

      freedom , ^ ad yeu -will make him -wlsa . { Cheers . ) Be fcadomch pleasure in BecoDdiB * the resolution . ; - Mr . O'Coksob tnen rose and "was loudly and enUrassBticsH y cheered . He said , Mr . Chairman and working men of Trowbridge , I draw a double aferesce from what I have seen to-night . The aemonEtrataon ontade proves t « mB that tie people aoid the right opinion ; whilst the numbers inside Bnews thai tbe people are too poor to carry out their . PMucrpipw Qie-- ^ isa , ^ Before coming to their town > w had heard cheering accounts of the spirit of ib * people of Trowbridge , ard from what he ted seen that evening he was not indnced at all to diminish the feelings and the opinion he had formed from those acconnte—( cheers ) . It -was a striking fact

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      which had been stated by the gentlemen moving the resolution , in animadverting on the distress of the country , of the people's . ability twenty years ago when compared with the ' present time . Twenty years ago we were told £ 1 was set bo much to the working man as two-pence was at present . Now how do I turn Mb faci against youreeheB 1 I will tell you . Because when yon were ia a better condition you would cot spend the pound in securing your political rights , but allowed ! yourselves to be cheated with impunity , and the chain rivetted while asleep , until the screw became too tight , and then you began to awake and find you have not two-penoe to assist in procuring them—( hear , hear ) . So it -jfaa with all classes ; they would ' not stir until they Wan to

      suffer themselveB —( hear , bear ) , xvow if it was necessary that the pound should become two pence in order for democratic principle to gain the ascendancy over aristocratic principle , he rejoiced that it had become so . If it was necessary that the levelling system should take place before the mind could be roused to a sense of man's degradation , he for one would say the sooner that system eame into operation the better . ( Cheers . ) They had poverty amongst them in Trowbridfce . When be saw the thousands outside who had expressed their approval ; of the democratic principle , and when he saw but the hundreds who were able to afford to come and take an exposition of those principles from a person in whom they had

      confidence , he could not bui think that even that would have a good effect . Those who were without would be led to inquire into the cause which had kept them ont , -whilst the favoured and fortunate , and likely the most iniquitous class , were able , by superior circumstances , to gratify their inclination . If jnstice had been done , to all , there would have been no necessity of any one attending there that night , and his " occupation would be gone . " But , no j justice had not been done , and therefore it was they had recourse to his preaching to know the nature of the laws -under which they were governed . It was Siturday night . They were paid their-wages , and left their labour at an earlier hoar than on any other evening . And why wvre they paid earlier ?

      Because they were to be : allowed a little time to rest after their week ' s work—because they wanted a short time to spend their earnings to the best advantage—because tbey should enjoy the domestic comfort , and mako th » - preparation for their families for the coniiDg day . Taen itfhy were they called there 1 Why ha 4 any man a -right to bring them from thofo necessary engagements ? It was because they had f > h the screw « f the tunes , which made it necessary for them to come to listen to one whilst he compared the errors of the system under which they were groaning , and ihe advantages of the system desired to advance in its stead . ( Cheers . ) He would draw a lesson from their comparative situation in that room . In the body of the room they had paid 2 J . for admittance ; in the reserved p eats they had paid 6 d ., and wero in consequence more comfortably situated . Let them learn wisdom

      from tais comparison . Let them take care lest any JittJe neglect of dwty should consign them in a short time to tiie body of the hall , and those in the body of ihe hall outside the door —( cheers ) . The existence of the distress was generally acknowledged ; but few could be found to tell how to get rid of it . He believed in the People ' s Charter , as the only means of bringing about an effectual change- * ( cheers ) . When he said the People ' s Charter he did not mean a paTt of the Charter , but the whole Charter and nothing but the Charter—( cheers ) . Their Charter was like ' a pretty woman ; if you destroy her eye or cut t , jff her nose , you may make her very ugly —( cheers and laughter ) . But you will ask bow will the Charter remedy it ? He would ask how had the old sysiem made them what they were ! He could tell them well enough . There were many masters employing one hundred hands in that town . But those masters wero not to be found

      at that meeting . Tbey were not disposed to extend ihe Charier , because it would too much expose their iniquity . Let them take the masters in the aggregate . The trade of Trowbridge had been of some importance . Suppose tha profits of the masters to be £ 1 , 000 , 000 . Many had retired from business , and were now living in luxury and case from the capital amassed by the labour of the people . And this capital was called legitimate property . This was one of tho many causes of the present distress . This was what had helped to impoverish them . The masters had robbed them by peculation , and then given them a poor law instead of their just -and equitable rights . . The present laws prevented men from reaping tho benefits of their labours . What would -have been the case if the

      10 , 000 intahirants who- contributed to the wealth of the masters had possessed their own profits themselve why they would have had £ 100 a piece—( hear , hear ) . Mr . Bolweil had very justly referred to the perverted and prejudiced -opposition to the . Education Bill . They ( the opposirsof the bill ) mustered all the prf judice and not the intelligence of Trowbridge . They sought your co operation when their own interests were touched ; but now your grievances are to be discussed they are not here to assist you . Now I warn you to karu . that if yeu have Btreuglh to oppose the ministers , if you are strong to resist power when they require it , yon are strong iu your aserregsive power when you require H for yourself . We riont want them with us . Our principles are not of a class or sectarian character . A oneness of

      mind and singleness oi purpose for the good of the whole pervaded the principle of their Charter . Ho power was now able to lead them one road or the other , but they continued in the strait-path and there they were determined to abide . These deceivers bad been unmasked . The working classes had become awake to their machinations , and where vruB the power tbat would again close their eyescheers ) . We do not want them , he again repeated . They would prevent and disiroy the principles of the People ' s Charter , as ; they did the Reform Bill—( hear , hear ) . Bui how could men destroy a principle perhaps th ^ y would ask ? He would tell them . By the introducwon of details they could make the Charter as nfeless as the Reform Bill —( cheers ) . The People ' s Charter would extend to them what they were looking for . He attached all importance

      to that measure , and would not it should be altered —( hear , hear ) . They had been told that education « nd information was nocessary for the possession of the Franchise ; hut they had never pointed what the test was to be . ; He thought by a fair judgment the working classes would stand as good a chance as the higher classes in this respect ; but if the men who taunted them with being educated were to be the judges why they rwould be educated sufficient for a vote somewhere about Tib ' s eve , andgthat came sonntime neither before nor after Christmas ( laagh ) . Men won't be informed whilst they remain ignorant of the education necessary for the enjoyment of . their rights . But as Mr . Bolwell had shown them , give the man a right and he would learn the way to use it . There was a power in ihe idea of a man's being a freeman thai would make him determined not to

      ba behind his fellow-men ( cheers ) . T > "Ooe big wigs who live in stone houses , call me a destroyer , —with having a desire to take the money from those who have iu I wish no such thin ^ . 1 honour the man who mskes hia fortune by his industry , to long as he makes that fortune in good game , ana no ; by oppressing his fellow-men ( cheers ) . But as tbo present system leads to poverty , 1 am not a conservator of tne present system . Why are tho mastera not here now . Where are the shopkeepers , those middle links between the producers and consumers , who thrive ou th « well-being of the working classes . Some are here ; ail ought to " be hefc . They were beginning to learn that an empty till on Saturday night made an may wife on Sanday morning . Thei . was no excuse

      R > r them . But if there came an election to-morrow , they would hope to pa * b over tne presont difficulties , and vote . for the Whi _ - , or the progreBsWe Whig , rather than for the supporter of tho People's cause . If there be fifty persons m this town , owing £ 5 ( 1 , 000 each , the Charter would not take one farthidK from one of them . But the Charter would prevent them from making mor » than they ought by the people ' s labour . The ; People ' s Charter would prevent taxation from being made a substitute for the land , or the Poor Laws for food . Mr . O'C . then spoke of the appropriation of the land which ought to be set apart for the support of the Crowu . He spoke of the Income Tax , of Sir Robert Peel wno had acted as rrorusiing sergeaat to their cause

      by the passing of this meas-Bre . The middle classes were jealous of their own pocket 9 . They cared not for the fifteen shiilings iu iho pound you were paying as long as you wero in th < . icmcible ; but when the law took three per cent , from them they came forth and said wo won ' t 5 ; , is i 1 uotlci c viursBlves to any party in iLDgland , Seutland , or Wales for any sectarian purpose . W « w ; h jufcfiea to ali . The presont systemhas lavi-hly expended the resources and driedup the pores of the country . They have been expended for the benefit of ths fe $ v to the injury of the njauy . Is there any here will tell t . i the land is equally distributed , * that machinery id made as extensively benefiting as h « nthf , that we have need of our

      large stendjDg army in time of peace , or the navy costing £ 7 , 40 Q , dG 0 per annum , or that it is essential we pay £ F , 800 jW ) 0 lor a church establishment . These aro abuses you never hear the middle classes complain of ; becauve they were seeking to participate in these abuses . I will explam what we seek to destroy . We who have no intelligence—we would destroy all in our laws that is old and not for the good of the comnsumty . We would not desire to destroy the wholej for as the tyrant may be sometimes philanthropic , bo there may be some good laws among our legislative enactments which we would preserve .

      That was all we d eBirt d- ~ the destruction of bad laws and the establishment of just ones in their stead . They say they don ' t like' to trust the working classes . And why not ! Why , jbecause they know , and I know , that if there be one hundred classes , and ninety-nine be represented , and the wo > kipg ol&sa not , then it is the interest of the ninety-nine to grind down that one ; JBut if you enfranchise the working eiasses , they cannot do justice to themselves witbont henefittiDg the other ninety -nine . In justice , labour should be . allowed to produce all it can , with a fair protection of it to the labourer . It is upon the labour field all must depend . They have

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      paralysed labour , and now they are in a state of bankruptcy , and eating one aaother like so many Kilkenny cats . { Yes , thoBe fellowsjiho are living from the profits of infant sweat , and old men ' s blood , and the toil of women to support men ' s wants , would rather you were to the devil . tthan that you should look to the land for relief ! j These are the men who proclaim cheap bread , high wages , and plenty to do . There was a time when men had no reason to quail before the master , when there was no need for subserviency ; but circumstances had rendered men wholly dependent upon their taskmasters , and he would confess he should look twice before ht left a master , was ho a working man , at the present timel to attend a Chartist ! meeting . But

      he desired to prevent the masters from possessing this power to tyrannise over tha working people . Mr . O'C . then exposed the conduct of the leaders of the League , and the £ 50 000 , the'great part of which had been expended in travelling expences , &c , for the leaders who boasted of their philanthropy and patriotism . He never received anything except as a guest at their festive board , which be would rather attend than the banquets of their tyrants—( cheers ) . Tho Rebeccaitesjin Wales , the Church in Scotland , and the agrioalturists and manufactures in England were all striving for their secular interests . But nothing wo ' iild be gained for the people , until the People ' s Charter beoame law . He mightibe considered a vam man , but he

      thought be had done much , and the Chartist agitation had done h great deal ; yet they had done nothing to whatlwould be done in the next three months . They had been thought dead . Bat they would find thei killed Chartists rising from the grave , and with a hop , step , and jump , start from where they were stopped in 1842 . They had been stopped by the late prosecutions ; but thanks to hi 9 friend by his side , tho Chartist Attorney General Mr . Roberts , fbey were now able to &o on in their good cause . Mr . O'Connor passed jk ; high eulogium on Mr . Roberts ^ and the meeting gaye tbree hearty cheers for tbat gentlaman , which h > viug subsided , Mr . O'C . said , ! tho carrying out of his purposes depended on themselves . They must ! unite for their

      own cause and nothing else . No sectarian quarrels would do . They had no interest in any of them . They must unite for that which would alone ensure their rights—the full establishment of the People ' a Charter , i Tho change that had alreatiy taken plaoe in the characterof ihe people gave him confidence and led him to rely oa them for future victory . He rejoiced that in the present state ; of the people , reduced Jo the lowest possible point , they were more difficult to bo bought , more strong in their principles than in their more prosperous days . He rejoiced that the next change would not be brought about by physical force ; but would b « by the people's taking advantage of any opportunity for which they would be prepared . The Reform Bill failed because the

      people kuew hot what they had to expect—they knew not for what they were contending . But now tbe people know they were contending for the Six Points , and that the very first Parliament so elected would properly develop the resources of the'country , and that if , in 1844 , the Parliament did not follow out their wishes in 1845 , they could appoint another . ( Cheers . ) Mr . O'Connor theii warned the people against any physical outbreak , and showed the ' evil effeols of them by facts from history . He then showed that allthe great inventions and improvements had been made to benefit a few instead of being used for the general good , and said it wanted reform to give the proper effect to all these nood improvements , and whilst cla

      :-s-legislation existed , it would bq impossible to do justice . The bishops arid paraoua told us it was necessary we should suffer trials and temptations here for the good of our soela hereafter . Now , tj { such was necessary , why di'd they not take thoir part . ( Hear . ) What so dear to a man as bis eternal welfare , and the salvation of his soul ; why not , therefore , allow tho Bishops to take part in the tribulation , tho weeping , wailing , and gnashing of teeth so requisite here ; why should not they be allowed to put on the sackcloih and ashes , and doff the ermine and fine linen . ( . Hear , hiear , and cheers . ) It was hifth time that the working classes should change their po ^ itiofl . Ho wished to reorganize the public mind , to bring their feelings into unity , to destroy the oppreas'veuess of class legislation , and make labour free .

      They must clubitogether the intellect of the oouDtry , and then , with a » tood Executive , bring it to bear against all the citadels of corruption . "Mr . O'Connor then , in reference to the accident at Frome , eaid tbat whilst the ; Factory Bill was beiug opposed , every chapel in . Fromo would have been opeued for the purpose of Imeeiiugs , and all would be on the tip-toe to raise the standard of liberty and charity aroaud them . But when the poor wanted to discuss their grievances , they were driven to a rotten room , where he and many others were likely to have been killed . And if jhe had been killed , what acclamations and rejoicings would have been heard from those geutjfemei * who were tho professors of so much charity . But he had one consolatiou left ; he should have * the gratification of knowing , that had ho heen killed , ho should havo . left tho world

      in a bettor statoihan he had found itr- ( loud cheers ) . But he was determined to combat and beat oppression—( cheerfe)—iand the next thing was to make the victory of their emeiniea as short as possiblo , and for that purpose he had fixed on Moniay next aa tho time when he would a ^ ain -visit Frorne , and though contrary to his expressed determination , he would on this-occasion- address the people ou terrafirma , in the open air—( cheers ) . Principle was not a cock-shot , to bo shot through with a bullet or cut down with the sword . What so powerful as the decree of justice 1 What so omnipotent as-right ; ? And they had both justice aiid right en their side . We had abuse abd oppression arranged against us in various forms , but as long as it was oppression , they looked upoh all with equal disgust . And they looked to God , the Charter , and their principles , as the only salvation from their common eiiemy .

      Mr . O'Connor sat down amidst treinendous cheering , and the resolution having been read by the Chairman was carried unanimously . An address was then presented to Mr . Feargus O'Connor , by Mr . Alfred Marcbant , which having bceu adopted by acclamation , three cheers were given for Mr . O'Connor and tho Charter . After a vote of thanks to the Chairman , the meeting quietly separated .

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      HOUSE OF COMMONS . —Friday . Lord J . Russell rose to bring before the House tbe general state of the country . After defending the course he took ai perfectly constitutional , he stated his reason for not making a formal motion of want of conficeuce in the Government to bo , that the House had already expressed that confldHiice by the vote It cime to on the motion of Mr . y . O'Brien , in reference to the state of Ireland ; Ho then referred to the legislative failures of the session , and ankt-d what bad bsea the result of the groat majority possessed by the Ministry ? Had all tbe measures tbey h ; ul abandoned been given up on account of tho v :- /> i nee of tha opposition in that House ? Hd contended " that ffuy bad failed without any factious opposition Ho might well ask

      what has been \ hn result of that happy state of things which the Right Hon . G ^ ntloiuan apposite announced when he went to Ws election as a Minister of the Crown and told his constituents that the majority in the House of Lorda being now agreed , the constitutionnl instrument would be hi harmony . Ouo might well ask , now this instrument is in siuh . basmoay , what i 8 tho music which it plays?—( Laughter ) What are tho tunes with which our ears havs been delighted in thin happy stata of musical concord?—( Continued laughter . ) It has not been , I think . ' Rule Britannia "—( Loud cheers afid laughter ) . Tho agricultural gentlemen would hardly eay that it has been The Koast Beef of Old England . ' The IrisU Members are not agreed in sayicg that it is St . Patrick ' s Day in the

      uiorniug . ' I am not sure ( as we understood ) that it has alwaja been 'God save the Qaeen . ' The only tune which occurs to trie is one which we sometimes hear from tbe glisu siDgers at public dinners , ' We ' re a' noddln ' . Such appears to roe to be the result of this admirable harmony , which the Right Hon . Gentleman gave out as such a great advantage to the country ; With respect to the foreign relations of the country , the Noblo Lord alluded only to - one question—the war carried on against the Ameers of Scinde ; he described the conduct of the Ministry , in withholding the papers referring to the origin of the dispute with them ,: as most extraordinary . He then reverted to domestic affairs , and Wbni into a minute examination of the state of our ni-. inufact . utes and } exports , reading a number of tables to

      sliow that , in serf ral important branches of trade there had been an alarming decrease . He pointed out fchs error of the Government in introducing so uncalled-for a measure as tbe Canada Corn Bill , which had alarmed tbe farmers without bsnefltting the community at large , and strongly denounced the policy that excludes manufactures of tbiB country from the markets of the United States , by our refusal to take tbeir agricultural produce . He stated tbe general fluancial scheme of the late Government , an < l compared it with that of the present one , contending thaftne endeavonr ought to have Beon to increase the trade and consumption cf the people , rather than raise a revenue from direct additional burdens upon the country . ; He mentioned another means of supplying the deficiency—retrenchment of expenses , a course rendered possible by the cessation of hostilities

      with China ; butherecoajmended them to carry out their own prindplesof trade . "It iasaid , ' contlnued the Noble Lord , •* Magnutri vecligal pammonic ?^{\ xagh \ m)— but I might eay now , {• Magnum vecligal sdplentia' ~( fibSQta and laughter ) . If yon had only recourse to those princlplesof trade so I ably expeunded by the Right Hon . Gentleman the President of the Board of Trade—( hear )—you might have done something to make up the deficiency : but , notwithstanding your own incomparable skill—( lsttghbar)—and tUougb ; you taxed us with being miserable financiers—( hear , hear )—yon have not been able to overcome tbe difficulties with which you are sttrrounded "—icheets ) . ; They had let tbe time for retrenchment go by . They , might have reduced their expenditure considerably , at the clcae of the Chinese war '; could they do so now ? Ww f t now a state of ( raietnesa and peace ? Expensive es-

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      tablishments were rendered still necessary , because they had not adopted that line ] of policy whish tended to preserve peace , order , and content . He alluded to Wales , and at mnch greater length to Ireland , and exposed the poverty of tbe answer he bad heard given to statements of the more satisfied condition of the people of that connhry under the late Gavernment , in which the Ministry , quoting pom a speech of Mr * O Connell , repeated hia preference of the present ruler of Ireland over either Lord Normanby ov Lord Fortescue . "I say , giving Mr . O'Colnellcredit for patriotic objects ( I am not giving him [ credit for any extraordi degree of virtue or indifference to power ) , I

      cannary not wonder he should prefer the present Government—( cheers from the OppoaitioD ) --wlien ne flDds his rent has risea from a few hundreds p £ 15 , 000 the quarter , and he has a far better budget to produce than the Chancellor of the Exchequer , j tCheers and laughter . ) When he flnda his power over tbe people of the country almost unbounded iu comparison with the Lord Lieutenant , I cannot Wonder that exulting in power , and seeing tbe means at bis disposal , he should rejoice he has to deal with such a Government . " Ha dwelt on the present state of Ireland at some length , and , referring to the Repeal meetings , Baid he could not believe they were legal . And were they to go on unchecked ? Would tho Government wait till

      OCornell summoned a Convention in Dublin , and took the actual Government cf the country out of their hands , while the Lord Lieutenant sat lidle in Dublin Castle ? He recommended conciliation and the redress of grievances , rather than coercion—such a policy as should enable them to reduce tbeir military strength in Ireland , and better enable them to meetjtheir enemies in other parts of the world . The Noble Lord concluded in tbe following words : — " If I am well founded in the observations which I have made , ] we are now entering upon a mast critical period of onr history . If you pursue a large , a liberal , and a comprehensive system of policy you will increase the means ; you will add to the material wealth of the country ; you will augment its commerce , and you will enable this country still to maintain its position as the most powerful and free commercial country in the world . It isjin your power , I believe , to wean the people of Ireland from their attachment to

      the cause of Repeal , by inducing in them a belief that this House is willing to do full' justice to any cause of complaint , and to remedy the grievances under which they labour—( cheers ) . If you take this course , I believe tbat your power in this country , instead of being diminished , will be immeasurably strengthened for the purpose of carrying out any system of foreign or . of home policy which ? ou mayj have in contemplation — ( cheers ) . But if you resolve to adopt the other courae— -if you represent , as I think you do , two distinct opinions , tbe one thai ot standing still and re-. sisting all cbango , and tbe other that of going on wi' . h measures of improvement aud [ conciliation—( cheers;—if , representing these two opinions , you make it your caro to take no measures in support either of tbe one view or of tbe other , depend upon it that the county will long lament that in the [ hands of such men the destinies of so great and powerful a country have btcu placed . " 1

      SirR . Peel admitted the tight of the Noblo Lord to attack tbe Government onja question of supply , without a specific motion of condemnation . But if that Government were as culpable as the Noble Lord had represented it , he might well have concluded with a more practical censure . And if he bad really thought the prospects of the nation to be so gloomy as ha hid painted them , be would hardly bare indulged in the levity with which he begun his speech . The Government has endeavoured to improve the administration of the Jaw , to extend the benefits of education , end to carry other measures of general benefit ; and why had they not succeeded in these endeavours ? It w&s said

      tbat they were supported by j a large majority ; bat what could a majority tfleet against the opposition of a few , resolutely best upon adjourning debates irom night to night , and so proveuting ihe j progress of public bumness ? On three questions , fifteen nights had been employed : on the Indian question , three nights ; and so on , upon minor matters . There bad been seventeen nights of discussions and divisions upon Ihe Arms'Bill . Parliament bad a strict right , nojdoubt , to occupy all this time in this way ; but after doing so , let them not taunt the Government with not paving employed these nights In other ways . The Noble Lord had twitted them with abandoning the education measure . Tbey bad long ciung to the hope of accomplishing a system of combined education , and at first the ' House seemed

      almeat unanimous ia it 3 favour . But it soon appeared that there ws not that generally favourable disposition towards it which wa « indispensible to its uasful working . To have forced it on , without tbe cordial concurrence of the Dissenters , jwould but have aggravated religious animosity . The Noble Lord had passed very lightly over the subject ] of foreign policy . He might , when be alluded to Scinde , have recollected in wnat situation other regions , riot very : emote from it , had been left by the late Administration . The time would probably arrive when the policy of the

      Government respecting Scinde would j bo fully stated to tho House ; but in tbe existing position of that subject , the Government would not be justified in making largo communications . He much rejgrelUd the present state of our commercial intercourse with the United States ; but this commerce had always been subject to grunt fluctuations . He should not think it prudent on this occasion to express an opinion upon a commercial treaty with any power , though c > rtainley the past experiments had not been very ) euaouraging ' . The late reductions of import duty on American produce had not been bo met by corresponding

      reductions oa the part of tbe united States as to justify any very sanguine hope in that particular quarter ; on the contrary , they ! had been followed by that high American tariff , which had been the main causa of the decrease of English exports . He bad the satisfaction to think that in tho last sis months there had been indications of improvement in seme important branches of manufacturing industry , particularly cotton , linen , and woollen ; and this ] improvement appeared progressive , being greatest in the laat month . Could it , then , be justly said that the ui ' eaaures of the Government respecting tbo Corn Law and the Tariff had been thus far unproductive of benefit to the country ? The Noble Lord had talked of the Canada Corn Bill as if it

      bad been Some new matter , originated in this year ; but in truth it had been a mere performance of an engagement made with Canada in thei year preceding . Taen , as to finance ; the cause of the imputed deficiency was , that when the account was made up , a large proportion of the proceeds of the income-tax had not come in . There bad not yet been time to ascertain tbe full results ef the Tariff ; but , as far as they were known , they were highly satisfactory . I Even the reduction of timber duty , large as was the present sacrifice , would , ho believed , be eventually beneficial . On the subject of tbe Welsh insurrection , he must siyithat tbe cauean of it wero not chargeable upon the Government . The Noble Lord

      might recollect whit had happened at Newport in his own time , and the cordial aid by ifhieh he was then enabled to strengthen the hands of Government with 5 , 000 additional troops . The present Almisters , however , had omitted no precaution ; anJ he hoped tbe same aid which they bad giyen when in opposition wonld be returned to them by those who had then held office . Now , us to irelana , tb ^ course of tha Government had very lately been explained in full . They bad declared trxir resolva to jloave no means unem-¦ p \ oyed for yrcftS' frying the union , but to reserve to themselves tbe cboies at thai same time wbea they m ' sht deem it necessary to apply to Parliament . Meiuiwhila , tt > ir forbearance had met , be believed , with

      very genwal approbation ; though the removal of the rnacislrattis bad not been cquilly well received . He britfl / defjntiud th"t removal , but declined to enter into the details of Irish qu ^ aatione . j He admitted that ths Government had failed ts conciliate one party , and had lost the eo : ) S « ience of another ; but they had thought it the ' r duty to govern i ; npartt : '~ U : / j , and without reference to p : ; rty feelings ; and he trusted that they w « uld be rewarded by the fiaal trauqu ' jlJity of Ireland . The House would not have forgotten tbe difficulties in which ho and his colleagues had found the country . In foreign Bffairs , in finance , in commerce , the Government had made *> very bfiort , amt their efforts were beginpint ! to produce a Rood result . He hoped taey had not forfeited the confidence of iheir friends ; and with that hope they would persevere in tbeir endeavours to secure to this country the proud position to w ; iich she was entitled . I

      Lord Howick , after adverting to the alarming condition of our great mining interests , and expressing hia fears that the indications of improvement in the cotton and woolltn manufactures were of a fallacious nature , declared his decided qpioion that it was not because nothisg had been donej that therefore nothiug could be done . A laborious and unproductive session wna drawing to a close ; and tbje Government , halting between two opinions , leaning neither to monopoly nor free trade , seemed incapable of dealing with the difficulties with which we were surrounded . H « hoped that before another session they wouid make up their minds to a bolder and mure decided course of policy . j Mr . Hume expatiated on the importance of a freetrade policy .

      Sir Benjamia Hall , Mr . Milnkr Gibson , Mr . Vernon Smitu , Mi . E . B . Roche , and Mr . Wii > - LIAMS having severally addressed the House , Lord Palmerston , alludingjto Sir Robert Peel's reference to hia opinion about the probable restoration ef Ministers , in the event of their resigning , reminded the House that he had " recanted" tbat declaration , and had advised them / not to try the experiment . Sir Root Peel had , in fact , admitted that it was the strength of argument , and superiority in debate ! which the Opposition evinced , by which public business had been impeded . A . similar complaint had been made that evening in the House of Lords ; but it was a tyrannical objection , and reminded him of the complaint of the man who , being

      eminently ridiculous himteli . j ma annoyea Decauss people laughed at him . The measures of the Govern ment were so badly prepared , that they gave occasion to protracted debate ; and besides , there had been numerous occasions during the session , in which there had either been " no House , ' lor tbe Bouse was adjourned at an early hour . The Government were incapable of framing measures capable of satisfying the country ; as in tbe cases of the Factories and Ecclesiastical Courts Bills , which bid been stopped , from opposition not within but without the House . His Lordship , after some additional remarks on various points of domestic policy , turned to our foreign relations . Formerly the intentions of England were to

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      be learned at London , but now the inquirer would discover them by application at Paris or St . Pdteruburg . Their policy abroad was precisely that which they ocght to adopt at home—that of concession ; and en the affairs of Scinde , they carefully refused to give any information which would commit the Government to approval or disapproval ol Lord Efienborough ' s polio / But Parliament should not be allowed to separata without a distinct explanation on this important subject . Turning to other parts of the world , to Turkey and to Spain , whose independence it was peculiarly oar business to watch over , he expressed hia regret at

      the revolution which had occurred , and which ail the world believed to have been brought about by money and instigations from France . Were they io sit by contented , and seo a French prince sitting on the throne of Spain ? He did not doubt the good intentions of the trovernraent , bat he doabted their capacity . The Conservative party still gave Ministers their support , but bad they their personal regard and confidence ? Parliament was about to _ separate for a loBg recess , in a precarious and dangerous state of the country ; bnt if Government would resolve on a decided line of policy , they could at least calculate on receiving a disinterested support from the

      opposition . Lord Stanley doubted whether even the discussion of that evening were a very useful employment of that tiipe , about the waste of which so much had been said . The Noble Lord had assumed , for bis own side a vast superiority in debate . If be meant in point of length , psrh&ps it was so ; bnt the frequent failures in mhfring or keeping a bouse , chitny on evenings not devoted to Government business , did Ioofe a little as if the House in general failed to appreciate the oratorical powers of that party . The Ecclesiastical Courts' Bill had indeed been postponed ; bat the same thing had , repeatedly happened to the last Goverment . As to the County Courts' Bill , there bad never been even an opportunity of bringing it to a second reading . The fate of the

      Factory Bill he deeply lamented ; had it not been fo * the feeling oat of doors , ho believed that this bill would have been temperately discussed in tha Legislature , and passed . Lord P . ilnierston hod regretted the Whig deficiency ; but all that the Wnigs ever did was to regret it ' They did nothing to repair it , whereas this Government had boldly , and at all risk of unpopularity , imposed an income-tax , the produce of which was only half collected at the psint of time at which thedeficiency won alledged by Lord Pal in erst on to exist , the uucollected half being more than sufficient to cover that deficiency . He controverted LordPalmerston ' s statements respecting tbe Affghan and Chinese wars , showing the insufficiency of the arrangements and provisions made by the Whig Ministry . It had been objected that the free trade principle had not been followed out io full . No ; and any Government which should attempt any such thing in the complicated state of our commercial affairs , would bring the country into inextricable difficulties .

      but so far from making prohibition their war cry , the present Ministers had brought in the largest measure of relaxation ever passed . He explained , with reference to an allusien of Lord Palnierston , the reason why the Scotch Church Bill had not been earlier introduced ; and excused himself from going into the qneafcion of Ireland and her church . No doubt it was true , that when the Wnfgs were in office , people asked , on every movement abroad , wbst England was going to do ; because no stir ever happened in any corner of the world , hut Lord Palmerston must needs interfere in it ; more especially he was always haunted With , a fear of French interference .- France waa absolutely bis bete noire . Lord Stanley then maintained tbat all possible ajipport had been given to the Spanish Regent , with wboitt he expressed his Btrong sympathy . And lastly , referring to Lord Palmerston ' s anticipation of political changes , he assured him that if it was founded , as it seemed to be , on some notion of division in the Cabinet , the hope had nothing to sustain it .

      Mr \ Labouchere corrected what he considered to be a gross mis-sutem * ns of Lord Stanley , respecting tha preparations of the late Government for concluding the war in China , and indignantly censured the Noblo Lord for his recklessness iu assertion . Though not indifferent to party , considerations , he hud listened with compara tivo indifference to ihe mere party portion of tbe debate ; the country was in a situation of extreme difficulty and there prevailed a strong feeling of disappointment that the Government had not followed up their own principles , by removing prohibitions from tbe important articles of corn and sugar . A storm was arising , both in England and Ireland , and it behoved them to be prepared . Lord Stanley eaid a few words in explanation , and offered to . aid Mr . Labouchere if he would move for the production of papers respecting tbe despatch of troops to China ,

      Mr . muntz thought tbat the people of England valued these party debates as little as he did . In his characteristic way he called upon the Government to provide for tbe present alarming condition of the country , promising them general support if they did . Lord Clements arid Mr . Morris wsund np tho debate ; and then the Committee oC Supply was postponed till Monday . The other business was then disposed of .

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      Death ; from Exposure to Wet and Cold oir Dartmoor . —Lately , a poor boy , 11 years of age , who was employed by a farmer , near Prince ' s Town , to look after some cattle , lost his way , and was not found for three days , when he was found dead . Serious Accident . —On Thursday morning ; , as Samuel Bisdee , a farmer , was treating for the purchase of a cow and calf , belonging to a farmer of Gloucestershire , named Parfitt , in the Gattle * market , Bristol , the cow suddenly turned on him , and goring him in the abdomen , inflicted severe ibjaries . The wounded man was immediately removed to the Hope and Anchor Inn , Rericliff-hill , where medical assistance wa 3 promptly procured , and we are happy to state that he is proceeding favourable . The cow ia said to h tve been a quiet animal , bnt whilst passing through Temple etreet , on her way to the market , her calf was attacked by a ferocious dog , ttnd from that tim . e she waa much enraged .

      The Liege Journals give an account of a duel which topk place a few days back in that town , and the result of which has caused great sensation , in consequence of ^ he severity of the laws in Belgium against duelling . An officer named Kant , io garrison there , was coming out of his quarters with a comrade , when a M . Dutilleus met him , and inquired " why he looked at him so insolently V M . Kant replied , that " so far from lookiug at him insolently , he had not even observed him . " The other , raising his Voice , and seeming determined to insult him , more worda ensued , whioa ended in a challenge M . Kant , as tbe insulted party , having claimed the choice of weapons , the sword was decided on . They met'n . ear the town , and after a few passes , M . Kant having stretched out his arm , and his adversary , in rushing in , came right ; on it , and was transfixed through ihe right lung . He died on the 9 th inst . A criminal prosecution has been instituted against M . Kan £ .

      Diieadful Precaution , and awful consequences . —During the late thunder storm which passad over Inkberrow , Worcestershire , a poor woman , named Frances Hopkins , who was greatly terrified at'huuder and lightening , went with three of her children to the house of her mother , who resided near , for com ( .-aay , being afraid to stay at home . She sat down in the chimney corner , in a state of great alarm , aud buried her head in her hands and lap , and sat trembling and rocking herself backwards and forwards . While in this position the lightning struck the chimney , and the poor creature , who had run to this spot for shelter and protection from the tear which haunted her at home , was instantly killed . There was a scorched line down the spine , about a foos long , and another on the ri ght side of the spine about the same length , which were no dou '> i the effoct , of lightning , and the cause of death .

      Cuojce op Death . —A Court buffoon having offended his Sovereign , the Monarch ordered him to be brought before him , and vf ith a stern countenance reproaching him , " Wreich 1 you shall receive the punishment you merit ; prepare yourself for death . " The culprit in great terror tell upon his knees , and Ciied for mercy . ¦ ' I will extend ao other mercy to you , " said the Prince , " except permitting you to ehoese what kind of coath you will die . Decide immediately , for I will be . obeyed . "— " I adore your clemency , " said th © era ! ly jester , " / choose to die of old age !"

      Statistics op Lucifer Matches . —One of the witnesses before the Children ' s Employment Commission stated , that he is a maker of tho boxes for containing lucifer matches , and is in the habit of paying the large turn of one thousand pounds a-year for American pine wood for their manufacture . According to his belief , from twelve to fifteen thousand gross of such boxes as he manufactures were made every week in London , during the year 1841 . Each box contains fiHy matches . Upon these data the sub-commissioner calculates that the weekly consumption of lucifer matches amounts to 97 , 200 , 000 or 5 , 055 , 000 , 000 yearly .

      Lowell . —They make nearly a million and a quarter yards of cotton cloth at Lowell per week ; empley about 9000 operatives ( 6375 females ) , andusa 434 , 000 lbe . of raw cotten pei * week . The annual amount of raw eotton used is 22 . 568 . 000 lbs ., enough to load 50 abipa of 350 tons each , and of cotton manufactured 70 , 275 , 910 yards ; 100 lbs . of cotton will produce 89 yards of cloth —New York Express , Rebecca is suae to be " put down . " See THE steps adopted . —Tbe Carmarthen magistrates have adopted a resolution authorising the appointment of one chief constable at £ 300 a year , with an allowance of ^ £ 150 a y ear for two horses and a residen ce ; Of aix mounted , saperintendants at £ 154 » year , including their horses - ; of 10 sergeants at 22 s . a week ; 20 firstclass policemen at 20 s . a week ; and 20 more at 183 . a week .

      A . FEW DATS AGO , &a some workmen were employed in cutting up a log of cedar , at the High Mill , in Thornthwaite , they discovered , nearly in the heart of the log , two pfeces of beautiful china . There were several Insbes of solid wood on all sides of the china , and no defect whatever to be seen ia the log in which the two pieces were so closely embedded . The only way to account fcr this very singular phenomenon ia to suppose that the china had been grown up in ( he tree from a very early fate . —Cumberland Packet

      3etrtjjfftal 39arltamntt.

      3 Etrtjjfftal 39 arltamntt .

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      __ 6 THE NORTHERN STAR . j

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Aug. 5, 1843, page 6, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct943/page/6/