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Northern Star (1837-1852), 5th August 1843, Edition 5 of 5, Page 3, ^si>t£h>S,

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      Untitled Article

      BEPEAL ASD THE CHARTER . ! teDBe r » are "waving crer tows and steeple , ^ fRB&om < a& > load « nliBr 800 B-to engage ; » donons streg ^ e is now forthepeopte , tj&fmitia DraSyieia to 1 he light ofthe age . 9 sonrof H&enda are ready for battte , jyjQjapuitswfipsndiiig to liberty ' s cadi , tK ^ -atberioan they srill be treated liie cattle , ^ jj ^ g tenmned to conquer , or gloriously fell . ^ Britons a'waie ! sndier&Et all coercion , Oi the ^ torm Trill descend on your children and you ! j » does sot Temembei tie bloody dispersion , toe ^ iteen-ami nineteen of lamed Peterloo ? sss voice of thunder in I&vuar ol 35 nn , Ipe&k deaih to ths slaves who shall dare to assail eacsable nation , -who are but preparing ' oTesain thEflrlostnght ^ by an Act of BepeaL

      at sacnfioe ia too gnat for the blessings 3 i&t . man ahall eajoy ^ ceh Msireedpm ia 9 cm ? suns ahaU aaansyij ? 2 fireling assassins { ide over the people , sod Simple them down , en Britom arise 1 on this nofcle occasion ., ^ ycnr voice : wfll be echoed from every shore , tlM ltbouring millions of eTeryiffiSMi , R 33 & , like yoa , sre ^ etennmsd taeb ri ^ hta to restore . ^ ibonldtcsyxefnse bofhSepesl and the Charter , Stall we hsul down ourflag . and abandantbe canse ,, isthsi xosreh-on to ins-enemy ' s -gnarier , Sffl 3 »* tfll both oljaets are paii of oin-la / ira . t tew o * s the sum ; will esass tbeir dominion , { Then the many unite , and resolve to be free , fanny csn trample down pnbiic opinion ; rjjetirfory ^ s won whenthe people decree ! AX 1 A 3 HXiTESPOKT . Fc& 24 Sh , 18 J 3 .

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      SONG . >—np vi £ h our Jlag ; shall our courage be shown ibscaose of our tyrants , and sot in our own J iH'H ^ jmoye , erer first , on the chessboard of fame , ie fcarter'd like ps-sms -while -we're -winning ihB gam *; c raton and victimB , for profligate lords , e oft in a "strife that alEhonourM onr swords ; p ^ jbrink from thB combat , for altar and hearth , fiabome of oar sres- ^ the greea landof onr birth ? a ' on JsaisroZ njp&J—If -we have been subduedijHBiisagain , -whan onr strength is rene-sr'dpasza hare been plundered , insulted ; disgne'd , ig the national iftTHfrnrVrks be never replaced ? tfepitiM gleanings of honour and -wealth ( ftteeas ^ Sber ^ ia aJence , andaTmOBtby ifcesia , & oxr country be still the broad field that weiosr ishrglorr 2 nd gold— -to Tie reap'd 1 y Sit foe ?

      B jnS ^ d m patience—till patience became , fa tiie enow round debater of mountainous flame ; jjKCTp ^ ainta , fike thennole "which could sol be 78-jk » s 3 , ^ Vi the smouldering fire sBD at trod : 2 s our breast ; aa / rfca - < 2 «* our tyrants to soet&e discontent ? ly , thty -added ncurtisstit and vsrtSRQ io resent . adaow let them look for the lava to -wreathe s vifcs and Tineyardfl they planted beneath . svom Jor the earth , sod the « agle for air , irsapoWr and a purpose consign'd lo their care ; linaa—whether dwelling in castles , or ceils , m po- ?* r lor the good cf the land Trherehe dwells . a 3 » ^ re up IoT « rer Abat power—* o long » from ss—tara'd on oa—by rapine and wrong ? i—ddz ' twere » crime . liateonM . not le fbrgrrTitaacc o 7 tis trust dekgated byBeaVn .

      Untitled Article

      . Sbcncn . Wosk 03 vmt 33 LiSiGJ 3 iE 3 >! r op Skat . t . FlS 3 is J BT FEiBGrS O'COXSDB- KoS . 1 and IJicndoa , QeaTe ; Manchester , Hejrrood ; Leeds , Bobson . iiiastwe hsTea Work calenlated to leach even uaaoraDt maimiacttuiLg operaiiTP , " how to nse Bland . " "There iare been plenty of faraingab ; plenty oF ^ instracfions " plenty of * theory aweiiiDe Irai liers -we tare a Trork calculated for

      UfnCK . It is £ Tidfint 3 y-tha-prodBetion of one "who bws what it is he 13 -smnBg absut . The convics is ax once inTolnntanly forced upon the mind on i £ n ? the Work , that the wriser is a man of pracsi experience ; that he is intimaie with all the aib of the < rnestion on -which he treats . The ^ is also unaffectedly plain snot char- There ia iotsbt as to vehxt is meant by -what fe said . It is icrsUmdalle . So ffigtte of fsscy ; bo soaring in : regions iJf imagniaJion bo " floirex "; no eeVry" t oni plain , ample , intelligible rules for

      Bib "Work is also most © ppoTfrme . Ii is « ow that i-vranted . Now that" the land" i 3 being tnmedss a remedy for national distreEB , brought en by ^ taxation , stock-jobbing , paper-basking , a = d m&cmring specalajio n ; jioir , ihai ** ifee Land * located « n evay sde 5 sotr , that " aliotiaents " eiaagmadeDn e-rery hsid ^ now , that the workg ^» s « s are beginning in employ their clvbisss in the purchase of Laud , and cnltiraie it rikmselTes j now , tias djeirorkiBg-people gener-[ jaie talking of a Uahosjo . ! La 33 > Besefjt > carr , amd of s- ' Legai . € che 3 £ s for a PaicnoiX rwtTir ^ yr CTm-mf IiA 3 TD 2 it 13 note , When 2 H wta-nHTT-Tial desirs 5 s manifested to get bold of eLad ; it is now , under such csreomstancas , that

      is-nui iij 2 f ( y makes its appearance , to instruct 1 "rbsi to do inih the land when they get it . Inan ^ nch a "Work 3 is difficult , as will bs at once Hcao , to Eelect as extract for the mere sews-^ a rader . 3 "o ^ jts as acenrate idea of the wsand scope of such a Wqrkjrequires tte "Work aSvpaiecslarly uten iiTlappena , * a in this isees , that there is nothing extraneous to the |» BHi , l > nt all " gennane to ; fhematter . * ' iaraaing poaoas are rery divecified : and yet they so Pi as lo another ; bare sack as iniiniate con-BfipB ^ xh , and dependence wa ^ eacb other , that it I apoeabls to B&eel one as adapied to give a Eaail idea of the whole . So of the chapters in DsSbok , treating , as those chapters do , of the Rnl fanning operations in Enccessrre and con-* af » s order . We diaIl , lioweTer , give lac chapter

      dairies ; frSBtakalated'to impart some nsefnl information \ fffiuy who keep * or who may desire to keep , ** a ^* asn frbomsjite tmable , ornnw 3 Iing , to" bny j Hisdk ? li wiflj too , giTe sons sort of an ides j f iSMtare of the Work Itsdl , and of tie msraasr 1 iadi the task of the amhor ' 13 bang falfilled . a ? Bib 5 < aa 3 ; t-sr just namsd : — ' ¦ SrtiEg jsoir disposed of sry BU > ject as lax zb relates ; " ¦ as basds , large forma , lentz , corse labour , Epads j iaiaJij , sad zsznsres , I ¦«; fr *» proceed to fiiecuss the ' ^ feta&nnuy ^ treadiigcf © stii branch un der its < ^ IsssethfeadjibEt ^? , incrdertoleadiBy xeaderstoi t ^ fiedge of iheinoat profitable appEcaSon of fiiei

      * 2 S cs 5 pa ; and I shall then treat of the mode -01 : ^ sgib' ^ BserAsl crops , ana compare their rala-1 ftjEBRa it ! lbs * T »» rnrpv of Isboni ajwnded in tbsir j ^ eSca . t ~^ 8 « w , Usai , bsinganindispenable to a mother ] « sr , to aihild in arms , to ibe asiast sro -soiig , to j ^^ fltia prowss of formation , to toe labonrer atj ^ iadio lh 8 sged iB « ecliniBg life , I tstat of this i 3 s 5 Jt asii 32 l Srstly . I pi ^ the T" * " "wbo bss sot a , ^ Eawho j 5 oUiged towxittilldrirss by aicknea , Sfissaaliy -of senaing : to » 3 i 8 lgbboEi for a 3 tsHfe * f psisyworfhoflhe most "wholesoiKe , tfee most t ^^ a , sad She siost grateful ba-yerags . it ia a ^ Bxfiy linns to see an able a-nfl -s 51 Ei . g -sjortman little cSaaren

      ^ itoajeiiBce ^^ ol feetling iis : ¦* & » fcolesoin 9 steps , as a enbSimtB for that , rf : = Ma 2 kBfiarplS 7 , ibe could lave an aincdanee ., 'SteKsngnsaa ess « ay thsthe isssie ou ^ bl to bej ^ iistpossasKd rf a cow ; and it is bf a I pro- 1 * &Sta wffiaajt stock of that nseful animal should i ^^ tie ^ he staple of tile « m » T > faxmsi ' s reSiiice , that ^ Uttttw my £ rat cosddeiation . I propose , thati ^ * ao octaspjiBg jfoin acres of ground Bhali be ; s * ei ^ iv ^ t-coTn as the . main stock of bis establish- i 7 As , no ^ fcrer , I th * W enter jninntely into tte ? ^ tftresfeg the cow , as well as into a minute cal- \ ^ Sasto ite retsas to be expected froa that treat- '

      ^ 3 &aD now proceed under my present head , to ^^ jtctgeneKlly . xtxr t dairsa my knowledge uptai this snbjsct fj ^ eiEsi aperiawe , aaiing sot only iad a dairy ^^ te - iftan S » e -asctas ^ isDcs -of irnng close to a ^ n&Sse , irho , for many year * has made * large ^^ fcsa yjijjy to fifty com a great bobby , to She J * ? " * naiaging which 1 paid the-rery greatest ^^^ Bfl * hichte has brongbt to greater pafec-- « atany K&net perscn tbst 3 know of . Indbed , J * 3 ^ resfion -irhich will serre my pnrpose " « Tasdossa tj ite rsader , I may here * f * " » e 31 b * pai 3 j » fcf that raiflemen , thB fact vfifi of

      jas goae iartjig r ^ aesaigianng the Talue a * ClS ? aa 4 BBle ? ir « K « nE msn . l 2 iaii-an tfcelanfilorfis LW ^ " a ^ cT He i » an immessaSy ^ - ^ propri ^ or , ana ^ hB ^ grf , landlord in the Erk . CTiB 7 " ^ oflas leases bs inserto a cont ^* « B fexaer fian ailffsr avoy labourer hB ^ - ^ ted ^ fre 3 > ai 0 BS 8 a stipnlatefl ^ Stf ^ f ^ iepi in jproper T ^ aur ; and the ^^™ gaa , that the labourers of bis tenants £ * xx fcafiBa ^ wmlbrbible « fl » tenants

      *> ariertoaoie profit of A dairy , ttlB iarlnBI mm * SSK £ ? ad «« 'nBaflwolB «» itoaBfte acatafii jbX *™» . ssy , * fiikm , ^ ibont aixty ponnas r ^~ J * able , atonB cmining ; ana ttiB la ^ one , Biif ~ f" ^ hj 3 saTethoagbi proper le assign ^*» ?» e | fii snail "faun a . It la imp 6 ssible . aiat r ^ o oy 4 m ths taafle ^ f sBllmg sew mEfe ana f ^ S *?^ O 1 ^^ " ^ is speaking of a fialry , it k ^ Si tRaied ** maE ^ actary for the wbole ^ " ^ aaaar thaa as a means of mpplyiDg ins Hw ^ " ^ 7 lart ^ of IrelanoV the system of | " ^ - " $ » nied < miy 2 s 8 same farmer caiavat-^^ I ^ * ^ ^ keeping a dairy . Bus system

      Untitled Article

      mbs ^ TmntRas ectent , and , from saSiailatioaB madefrom sa € b aourccs , i » o fair cf ^ clnsionx aa lo tie profita of a dairy can ds srriTed at Prom twenty-two to thirty cow * , * according to the faz 9 tf the farm , in general constitute the dairy . These animals are kept upon the lands , let on * to rest , not half fad , and , being perished ana starred-in winter , just when they reqoare attention and cars , the cost of renewing the stock ib excessive , while Shot prodncs , besides being poor in qualify does sot amount to rae-balf the quantity which tne sune number of cows , if properly fed and attended to , would proance . And yet a dairy of this kind is Jhe principal reliance of the fanners ftr payiDg tbeir May rent . As Irish farmer generally pays his Norembei rent from tte sale of bis barrest ; and he pays hu May

      lent by iMMijg money tJpon the » npposed produce of his dairy forihe coming half yew , by obtaining money at the rate of . forty , fifty , sixty , ana eren seronty-two per cent from the bntter merchant , to whom be u in the habit of sellinf his produce . It wonld not , thai , be Mr to make wholesale calculations upon so imperfect a system ; while , there T » ing no retail market f 01 milk and butterin the cenntry districtsin Ireland , those who csnnetaSbid to keep a saffirient sumber of « ow » to make &e qnsntity i&qnirefi for ti 6 wholesale market * t once , innrtbexnined . Lei me explain this to yon Jamiliariy . ' if a poor man has two or Shied cows badly fed , ie will erpect te make somewhere about idnetyai pounds weight of butter under each cow * in the season . He attempts to make a Bxkin , 01 sixty pounda , for-the wholesale market ; and wbicB , if made at once , would sail as £ * £ qoality , and fetch , siy £ 2 5 * or at

      the zste of £ i i » a per cwt- ; whereas , it will take him six or seven westa to m&ke the reqoirod amount , addingteren or eight pounds at a churning to the stock , vhicb , when ready for sale , has aa many colours as a rainbow , and as many different smellB as a farm yard ; and , when lie takes it to market , instead of getting first quality -price , or £ 4 IDb . the cwt . It is bored sxnelled , and tasted , and branded as a * bisbop , * a title giren to bnsfcei which does jw > t merit that of 1 st , 2 nd , 3 rd , 4 th , or 5 th quality , and which are theseTer&l classes that that article Ib sold under . For this be will recerre about fifteen shillings , or at the rate of £ l 10 s . the cwt instead of £ 2 5 s ., or at the rate of £ 110 s . per cwt , the price cf first quality . Thus , ter want of a . retail market , and sot saving a sufficient number of coirs io make the required quantity for the -wholesale TPHTfrf >> . he loses two-thirds of the price of the article .

      " I shall now lay down some practical rules for the management of a dairy . The cow being the first requisite in the establishment , I shall describe what she ought to be , ana how she should be treated . There are as many opinions as to the cow most preferable as there are different breeds : I shall , therefore , state the qualites for which they are respectiTely preferred , and leave the reader to hi 3-choice . " The Ayrshire is now coming into Tery extensive nse in all < 2 « cription 8 of farms , whether light ot heavy ; their recommendation being their beauty , and that they thrive better tftyi most other breeds upon light soil and scanty fodder . Their miik , however , is not to be compared to many others , either for quantity

      or quality ; to the Hereford for quantity , or to the Devon or Aiderney fcr quality , or to the common Irish or English eotr for either one or tbs other . This breed has been pushed of late years aroongl tome farmers -who wonld be better without them , especially by the Bake of Devonshire and his friends , more I presume , from the state of perfection that they havb bean brought to by those gentlemen upon their rich domains , than from the intrinsic merit -of the animal . The Ayrshire , towever , is a good cow for a large dairyman , as she has that property much prized by them , via , if she misses for milk , she will turn eut well for the butcher , a consideration , however , which never should weigh with a man having only three or foot co-wa .

      "The white-faced Hereford , i » , perhaps , generally speaking , toe most milch , and has the property of fat ting at an earlier age than any other breed . 1 may be allowed to state mj bvzj preference , and I certainly give it ttr the Hereford , above all otters . J have had a dairy exclusively of Hereford cows ; aca they averaged over twenty-four qnsrl-3 of refi ^ a-day , three or four of them giving as much as sixteen quarts at & meal , and oJ average richness ; richer , I think , than the Ayrshire , but not so rich aa the Dsvon or Aiderney , or the common Irish or English . They require good Keep , and will give goed produce in return ; and I have found

      them of all breeds the most gentle . There is one peculiarity , however , belonging to the Hereford , ana from want of a knowledge of which I lost three of tbe very btst of my cowb when I first got ihem . It is this ; if they make a very large show about three weeks or a month before calving , they should be moderately milked , otherwise the teat becomes diseased and it is impossible te bring them to their milk after calving . In fact , they curt give a drop , as the pipe is stopped up , 1 presume from the milk which ought to cave been drawn first corrupting , and then turning to a hard lmnp . I ia-re " tried to recover this neglect by putting the calf to them , bnt s 33 to no pnrpose .

      "The Devon surpasses all others in Ibe richness of her » Sk , feat is far inferior to almost any other in quantity . The common Irish cow can scarcely be snrpaBsed in value . Some of tbem will give from twelve to fifteen qiBarts at a meal , spon keep far inferior to what any other-breed requires , while for richness her milk is mudi feeyond tne average quality . " Tee abort-horned is a breed coming into extensive nse , and I am Enxe I can ' t tell why , if it is rot that their- » Z 3 rendei * them valuable to the grasier , after they shall bsve served their time at the dairy .

      • ' There is another breed which deserves notice , the thorough bred Scotch , generally of a black and -whits colour , large , of bsautiful symmetry , ¦ with head resembBug a bueS , flat in the forehead , and very pretty small toms . 1 kno ^ v ot so cow superior to a thorough bred Scotch tow ; bnt I rtgret to * ay that they have become very scarce of late years , the Ayrshire having supplied their plsoe" There Ib another breed alae that deserves mention ; I mean the little black Galloways that are to be found in the S 2 Btheln counties of Scotland . I have a great fency for this breed * which I would distinguish by ibB name of tie poor sun ' s cow . They are Tery small , of

      beautiful symmetry , ana have no corns , which , in my opinion , is ss aavantage not to be overlooked . The owners tell yon that they wenld live upon tise road ; Trhieh is a mere figurative mode ot telling yon ttiat thBy will live npon the most spare keep . They give very $ ood milkj in some cases as much as ten quarts at a meal , or twenty quarts a-day , are easily fetted when "dry , and WJH live certainly npon oDe-half of what a Hereford , Ayrshire , or short-horned cow wonld CODHUDB . " The common English , like the common Irish , when good , in my opinion surpasses most others in this climate , and as a native of the soil is , perhaps , the best suited to the country .

      " The sect direction , then , that I eJibO give to the farmer is . how to choose his cow at a fair . He sbonld look well sbont him , and make up bis mind not to be captivated by * ke firs * that takes his fancy , always bearing in mind that , if taken in , his first leas is tie least , ss a bad cow will entail a £ aily injury upon him . The head , then , should be v ^ ell looked at ; it should be fine and rather fiat t * " ^ round in the ferehttai , tiie cousteBsiice mild acd gectle , Ibe horn small , and ol a rich creasy colour , well set , and not cocking ; the seek fine , tWn at the mane , and a fall of loose flesh

      underneath running towards the breast ; toe tail a&d liinbs fihonld be fine , the hind quarter wide , with a good Bpace between file hind legs , and the udder ypreadisg up toward * tie chest rather than hanging down between the legs j the teats , instead of banging down , should project , pointing £ S it were towards the fore-legs , great attention being paid to the sizi of the two back teats which are never milked , a cow nssaDy having jox teaia . I have seldom seen a cow of this form that had sot the two back teats unusually large .

      « I have now spoken of a eov ready for milking , and with the presumption that no man -would be mad enonch to buy a cow that has been stocked for sale , that is , a cow which has not been milked for , perhaps , tweutj-foai hours ; a system as foolish as it is cra <* l , snd the practice of TtMeh > " >< = destroyed many a flue ^¦ mTTrpi , &nd has injured many an ignorant man . It -will be a long time before a cow that has been driven some distance with a bursting ndder can be bronght to herself , while ihe seldom thoroughly recovers for the reason ; and , therefore , none but the hopelessly ignorant can be injured by this cratl practice . I fcaye frequently felt inclined to punish the owner of a cos * that I iave seen in the sUnation that I describe . I believe that under Mr . Martin's Act I should sneeeed , while , I am sure , thB ruffian would deserve the

      punishment . "If the farmer is wise , he will prefer a three year old heifer springing , that is , about to calve , to any other , andfortoil reason ; because she could not have been previously injured ci sold for any fanlt ; and in 939 iBstanoesin every l , OO 0 , b cotr , if properly treated from tiie cossmencenzent , will turn cot well . The same- directions that 3 have laid down for regulating the choice of a cow will also apply to the heifer . If , ijowever , Ebe farmer ahouJd prefer a cov that has calved ^ I would recommend him to Observe i $ » fonowiug oisec&onB . Suppose he fancies a cow , for

      which he is asked £ 12 , let nim then ask what milk she gives ; and if the ewser says twelve quarts at a meal with good feed , let the purchaser say , then I'll place the whole amount in tie Bands of a mutual friend ; I'll put . the cov on goed keep , sad yon shall BBme any day within efht as the trial dayto come and seeher milked , ana If « fae gives the promised quantity you shall have the mosey- TMb is what 1 b called engaging a «» , " a practice invariably acted upon by dairymen in Ireland , anfl ionna ^ ery beneficial . If the seller refuses thiB offer , let the farmer turn npon bis heel and leave him , as the cow a sure tohaTe some defect So ranch for the

      purchase of a dairy cow . T Let os now consider her toeabnent , which , for the present , I shall confine to her management , as hereafter I shall laydown roles for feeding her , anppoaing merely for Q » present thaVshe is to be aa wellfed a * « he possibly can be . Is snch caw , then , a Tery miadltof cow , if ¦ well chosen , wDl idve iwenly-&nT ^ nait « 4 * inllk a-dayi rare should be taken sot to allow her to cslYeimch before the beginning of May , in orfier flat she moy be bionght to afnll flow of milk by as abundance of food gi-venimmefiiately after calving . Sne should be turned into an opes place when about to calve . As soon as she drops t 2 > e calf , the calf should be sprinkled over with about two table spoonsful of common salt , which will iafincefliecowtolick it overmore greeday , and will

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      navp the effect or making her clean * more « peedSly . As soon as shB * cleans , * that is , as tfoon as she throws off thejcalf bag , it should be instantly ta ' Seu from her , and bnned , as otherwise she will be s * ure * t » eat it , and probably anffer great injury . I am aware thai a difference of opinion exists upon this pointi meny believing that the ; ' cleansing ' , if eaten by tbe cow , operates as a medicine . It is so asBsrtea in the second volume of an admirable work entitled 'British Husbandry , * published nsder the superintendence of tha SocietyXor the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge ; a book unequalled , in my humble opinion , by any other thathaB e" » er feeen written upon the subject of agriculture ; one indeed which should constitute an indispensiWe portion of the property of every man possessed of any quantity of ground from a

      rood to any amount , and to its extensive circulation I nrticbthe greatest importance , ii should feel extreme delicacy in expressing any difference of opinion with the writer of this work ^ but as , upon the point in question , there is a variance between the text and a note upon the same subject , I incline to thalofj the note . In the text It Is recommended to allow the cleansing to remain with the cow , as the eating of it win ' amuse' her ; but in tbe note the writer gives directions as to the proper medicine to be administered in the event of this amusement making the cow Bick . It is , therefore , because I consider prevention betterrthan cure , and because the ^ amusement may be purchased j at the expense of the cow ' s life , * that I recommend the cleansing to ba taken

      away aacjjjjjp as she relieves herself ef it . The calf should thenbe taken from her , ind never , under any circumstances , should it be allowed to Buck her ; as in such casa , she will frequently refuse to give her milfc to the hand , while there would always be much trouble in inducing her in the outset after the calf has been let to her . The cow should get warm drinks , bran and water , or meal and water , with the cold just taken off and a little salt mixed in it , for three or four days after calving ; and if the calf is to be reared or vealed , it should be ktpt out of hearing . In about nine days tbejeow will come to her full milk . And now I will lay down rules for milking which never should be departed from .

      "The usual practice is to milk cows twice a-day , whereas I would strongly recommend the plan of milkirg three times A-day , at five in tio morning , one at soon , and nine in thiB evening ; thpa . leaving eight hours between each meal . By following this plan , I will venture to say that a cow will give one-fourth more milk than if only milked twice a-davi [ if a gooa cow is well fed , she will begin to drop her milk at least two hours before the time when she is usually milked . If the milk is taken from her by the calf , it will keep tugging at her nine or ten times s-day ; and , therefore , it appears contrary to the rules of nature that she should be allowed to go twelve hours without milking . I assign a lapse of eight hours between each milking because I feel convinced that in that peried she would gather &

      fill ] meal cf milk . It is of ail things necessary that & c ^ w thould foe treated with tbe greatest gentleness , as orach depends npon temper , awhlch can be made for tim animal bj those entrusted with her management Speak kindly to a cow , pat her , and scratch her , before you sit under her , and she will give every drop of her milk freely -: on the other band , . scold her , and kick her about the hind legs—a very usual practice of milkmen to b ^ ing other men ' s cows Into a convenient positionand I the odds are , either that she upsets the milk , or retakes to give it alL For these reasons I would recommend the smail farmer always to allow his wife 01 daughter to perform the operation of milking . Cows , when properly treated , are very gentle animals , and always prefer being milked by those to whom they are

      accustomed . Before tbe woman . begins to milk , Bhe should wash the whole udder and teats well over witU cold spring water , and then ^ dry it Prom constant habit she -will soon learn how much milk the cowi gives ; and -when she baa taken witnin a pint of the whole , she should milk that last pint into a separate yess-1 ; it is called the strappings , and is twice as ricb as any other portion of the milk , and perhaps three times as ricb as the first pint draws from the cow ; that is , the pint of stripping * will yield more cream or better tban tne three pints first drawn from the tove . Great care should be taken to milk the cow as clean as possible ; in fact , not 'leaving a drop with her ; and immediately after she is milked she should be fed .

      "If the milk is to be used for making butter , the greatest attention must be paid to the cleanliness of the vessels in the first instance , and to the mode of keeping tbe cream and leaking tbe butter . The vessels Should be all of wood , and well scoured wito hay and fine sand , or gravel and hot water , and afterwards well rinsed out with -cold water , and placed in the air to drt , before the milk is strained into them . The milk may be set in summer for twenty-four hours , and then skimmed , and tbe cream throwninto a dean crock , which is preferable lo wood for keeping cream ; while ¦ woo d is preferable to earthenware for making the milk

      yield its cream . The stoppings taken from the coirs may be thrown at once into the cream-crock , and great care should be taken to stir tbe cream upon each addition made to it ; a peeled willow-stick being preferred by old hands for this purpose , "while I would much prefer the dean hand and arm of a dairymaid , which can sweep round the edges better ! than any stick . In winter , the milk may stand for forty-eighi hours , all tbe same rules being observed that I haTe laid down for summer treatment- In summer , tfaa cream should be churned twice a week ; in winter , once a week . And , sow , in order that ail the trouble should not go for nothing , I will lay down rules fer making butter .

      " As soon as your butter is thoroughly churned , all the butterm-rlk must be let off ; after which tbe barrelcburn should be whisked round rapidly , a little cold ¦ water having been poured in . This will purge the butter of a great portion of the buttenailb . The butter should then be taken out of thechnrn , and token up in larre lumps , and well clapped against the bottom of a large wooden keeler , and , being well opened with the fingers , the keeler should bei filled with spring water , and the dairymaid should ! knead tbe butter jiibt as a baker kneads bis dongb , changing the water as long as it baa any tinge of milk ; and when the water ! comes off clean , then HiebnUer , when thoroughly discharged of the water by another good clapping , is ready for the salt , which may be added in the

      proportion of about an ounce and a half to the pound of bntter . The salt should be common marine salt , and should , be well pounded , and made as fins aa possible ; and , when thoroughly worked , the bntter may be placed in the firkin , packing it as firmly aa possible , care being taken to select yonr vessel ) if for tbe wholesale market , of the &za most suitable to the means of filling it as speedily as possible ; that is , ttbe man -who has four cows . should prefer the keg which will hold 301 bs . te tbe firkin that contains 601 bs . A good cow , such as I have ? described , well fed and properly managed , will yield 2 cwt . of bntter in the season , which may be said to last from May to December , both inclusive ; of coarse , she will begin to fall off after she has been served in Angnst , but I will take that time as an average .

      Four cows , th ' Bn , will make 8 cwt of bntter in the searon , or 1 cwt . in each month ; a firkin , or half a cwt . in each fortnight ; or a keg , or quarter of a cwt . in each week . ; If the farmer , having four cows , churns twice a-weefc , then he will fill a keg at two cburnings , and -will always be sure of first-quality price for his bntterJ As butter , however , is a very ticfrlish thing , the butter-taster and the butter-smeller discovering tfcs slightest imperfection , great care muet be taken in preparing it for his inspection . I will suppose a woman te have churned fifteen pounds of butter , or half a keg on Wednesday , and the bntter to have been picked- in the bottom of the keg- as before recom-Eiended . When she chums asain on Saturday , and after that day ' s produce has been salted , I would

      recommend her to take the fifteen pounds made on the Wednesday , and mix the produce of both churnings right well np together , and then ; pack ail up in a clean keg , when it "win be just as good , aad of equal qBBlityj as if made at ons churning . The bnrter Eimuld be thin kept is a cool place , a littlo fine salt being , shaken ; over the top . and , if tbe weather is very hot . the , keg maybe placed standing in ; . a keeler of water 1 havevtnoncht it necessary to be very txplicit under this bead for the reasons that I stated in the outset , namely , mat I propose -mating the saisll farmer ' s dairy offonrcows tbs sliple uf his establishment , and his greatest source of emolument , a&d , therefore , the want of knowledge , or the want of management , would considerably injure him in this most vital point ; while

      the acqairtment of ibe one , and the observance of the other , would constitute bis greatest pleasure and greatest profit I must make one observation in concluding under this head ; it is this , iiat the cow is to be fed in the house througbont every £ ay io the year , and never to be pastnred in tbe field ; -while I must also observe tbat she should bs driven morning and evening each day inteayard or enclosed place where she could stretch her legs , and receive BOHie fresh air . The house should be weU ventilated , and she should never be tied by the bead , or otherwise lestraiced , for good and sufficient reasons ** bxh I shall atate hereafter . In winter , a cow Jikts warmth , and can have : it better in tbe house than under a hedge . In summer , she dislikes tbe

      sun and the gadfly , and can l-e defended against both better in the bouse than in the field . I dare say thtre are few who have not seen a set of heavy milch cowa with ten hours * stock of milk in their udders , galloping with cocked toil * over the country , to the great injury of tbe animal itself , and to the still greater finjury of her milk . A . cow shcuM , in all cases , be kept as cool and free from excitement as possible ; and her milk will always be in the best possible etate . MoreovBr , when a cow is housed , yon have the advantage of all the manure that she makes , and ¦ waicb . can be more profitably disposed , ol at the discretion of the farmer than , by Ibe encampment ana folding I system , it can be applied by the animal itself . " t

      We have been favoured by Mr . Cleave , the London Publisher , with a " proof ?* of the first chapter of the forthcaming No . That chapter we Bhall fe iveieiitite ; following it np next week by the ' succeeding one , irhioh . enter 8 more into detail . W « j are Bare that it Tfill he heedless for us to do morel than quote the bare title of these chapters , lo draw bhe eager attention of the reader to them 1—

      " HOW IBS FBOJECTED W . AN IS TO BB EFFECTED . " In the two previous numbers I nave given directions for the cultivation of the severalerops tbat I eonaiaer most necessary for tbe small farmer , while I have abstained ± rom dogging the work with any notice of matters not necessary for him to I know anything about in the outset ; and the next duty' that I am called

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      upon to perform—la that of instructing the working esassco as ta the meac 8 b > which land may bjjacqnired for carrying out the p 5 ao . 'the morbid and insensate submission pi the working classes of this country to the ritle aominion ana controul , not of the laws , but of the slave-owners , would have discouraged me from my present uBdertaklog hsd . I not witnessed a desiro upon the part of the people themselves to discover some practical means whereby they may rid themselves o { the galling yoke of capital , more , far more oppressive than the utmost tyranny of the law . Opposed as I am to ibb Bhedding of . human blood y and to the taking away ot human life , under anyj circttmataace whatever , and bloody as the English lawa foimerly wete , tbfey were mild in tasir bloodiest form , tame in their Jnoifcflavage aspect , moderate ia their utmost vengeance , and preserving ia the midst of the mpsfc reckless destruction , when compared with the jhavoc . tho desolationJthe persecutios , and wholesale mnrdera ceminitted by the capitalists of England .

      " If you hear of a political prisoner being badly treated in priBon—if you ! heat of a fellow-creature woe hasdied In a poor-house-rif you witnesa the execution of a murderer , whose guilt may either be doubtful , or mitigated inheiaoasness , byBome extenuating ( circumstances , — -you damn the law , denounce the institutions , and revile the Government ; while you tamely witness the victims of the capitalist , to whom death in any shape would be a relief . jYou see men of thiriy years of age witherea and prematurely decayed , reduced to the dire necessity of sweeping thsstreots for tbtir taskmasters , although their virtuous parents had given large premiums for tbevr instruction in some trade , ' protection for which , they vainly hoped , was guaranteed by the laws of England . You see these men , and .

      wandering paupers still more destitute ; and the only feeling that their condition arouses is that of comparative satisfaction that , as yet , your lot is preferable to theirs . Tbe laws bava not injured those men in any respect : on the contrary , there we laws upon the statute-book unrepealed . whioh , if atonnMered , won \ d protect them ; and which are not administered because money has become more powerful tban law , and money , not justice , is consequently the fountain of English law . This is a great and crying grievance arising out of a great National Debt , the payment of the Interest of which absorbs all otber considerations , and turns our bouses of representation into banking concerns and offices for tbe transaction of money matters , rather than legislative assemblies for the gooa government of the people . . :

      " Every country has a peculiar interest upon which its institutions are based ; and all laws are made with reference to the main or leading interest . A debt of , £ 800 . 000 , 000 with &t cavalcade of hirelings and mercenaries , parsons and paid sycophants , being the pivot upon which our laVs must turn , all are made , directly ot indirectly , with the view of upholding this principal interest . Formerly , agriculture Was the principal interest of the country , and hence laws were formerly nwde with reference to agriculture . Manufactures then sprung up , ana laws for their government were grafted upon our agricultural stock . Tbe great ambition to insure ascendancy for the latter , embroiled as ia expensive ware with the world ; and the debt , the fmit of those wars , haa exhausted both stock and grsss .

      and our government is consequently compelled to sink all consideration of asriculture and manufactures ) farther than they may be subservient to our monetary system . Hence , then , we arrive at the conclusion , either that the debt must be wiped off or compounded for , or that some expedient shall be devised , Which will have tbe effect of relieving the non-debtor from its pernicious effects , and of saddling it upon tbe real debtor whe will very speedily find a remedy for an abuse which only affects himself , while he will be Blow in looking for it as long as other shoulders bear its weight . " In my several communications to the working classes upon the laud question , I have endeavoured so to familiarizs tbeir mind with the subject , as to prepare them for the adoption of the small farm plan upon

      such < ¦> system as would be most likely to lead to a anccesstdl resnlfc . One thing is quite clear , and all I believe have now seen it ; it Is this—that the government is not inclined to make any organic change in the constitution ; while , without such change , it ia not able to suggest any plan for the correction of those sucial evils -which ;< fSvet society , without incurring tbe disapprobation and opposition cf the several classes who have lived , thriven , and prospered upon things as they ara Having , therefore , arrived at tbe conclusion that the people have nothing to expect In the way of change from the government , tt becomes the pat&monnt duty of thfcir friends to point tint how the i < quired change in their condition can be effected without fcv ca or fraud . And although it is quite clear tbat such chance would

      be unpalatable to the revellers in abuse , if produced by an angel from heaven and in strict accordance with ttu Almighty ' s will and in conformity with the terras of ofa imperishable laws , yet have I ventured to brave all opposition for tne general good . Not only have I been oppoBea by a portion of the press ; but , still worse , I have met with the ignorant snarl of some working men , or rather men who profess to work for working men , and whose opposition is based upon personal vanity , disappointed ambition , hostility to myself , and a jealousy founded apon tbeir own ignorance of the subject . " It is a very lamentable fact , that , in the midst of sreneral distress , the " p « orJle "« professing friends" invariably meet propositions which do not originate with themselves , with a cold-blooded and vindictive opposition . ' Some foolish egotists have gone bo far as to draw conclusions from the present state of Ireland ,

      where they assert tbat the ; email farm svsteni has Produced slavery , dependence and misery , for the purpose of discouraging tile English ¦ working classes from an agricultural life . Such writers nre mere wordy copyists , puffing theorists , ignorant dogmatists , Btlfsufflcient coxcumbs , who know no inoro of Ireland than they know of Japan , and who arc as hopelessly ignorant of tbe capabilities of the land as the ox tbat treads or the bird tbat flies over it . Tbe curse of Ireland has been , not the small farm , but tbe large farm system ; while tbe requirement for o provision for the poor has arisen out of the abrogation of small allotment ? . I nevt r approved of tbe political use made of Irish fortyshilling freeholders ; but the disfranchiseinent , and consequent oufctet , of tbaVowncYOviB body has led to tbe present state of pauperism by which Ireland is cursed , and has given rise to a bad system of poor-l » ws as a substitute . :

      " Those who ate ignorant npon tho question of Irish agriculture and who desire instruction upon the subject , will do well to read the work of that excellent gentleman , Mr . Blacker , upon small farms ; always receiving it with great caution , for the folio wing reasons : —firstly , It la written by the land-steward of a nobleman ,: who would sot find it bis interest to go into a searching enquiry of the title , the powers , and the uses made of those powers by the landlord-class . Secondly , it merely developed the result of some very trifling experiments made with success , ! without reference to any general principle . Thirdly , ( he speaks more with reference to the improvement of the land than with reference to the improvements of the tenants' condition ; the one being permanent , and conferring a permanent benefit ,

      through increased rent , -, upon the landlord , while the other is merely temporary , and is too often the cause of ouster , as a means of acquiring increased rent , while it entails an additional rent npon the improving tenant at the expiration of his lease . But , above all , the objection that I have to drawing any conclusion from Mr . Blacker's book beyond the- irrefutable proof of the capabilities of the soil which it affords , is , that in almost every one of his reported cases we find improvement tested by the addition of u horse to the small farmer ' s stock ; although his holding may not conaist of more tban seven or eight acres . Moreover , the average size of farms treated of ia Mr . Blacker' ^ book usually consist of from four to five times as much land aa one man can profitably manage .

      " As it is necessary that I should answer the sophistries of those ignarant pirtiea , who would urge the state of Ireland in opposition to the email farm plan , I may here remind them , that every advance in the large farm system has led to increased pauperism in Ireland , while it has contributed to an increased glut of Irish labourers in the English market . Tiie ^ first proof that I adduce in Evppoib of this assertion is , tbat the ousting of the forty-EbiiliBy freeholders Jed to great distress , The second proof that I adduce is , that the ousting of Catholic tenants from small holdings , upon which the Reform Bill conferred the franchise , has considerably augmented tbe distress . The third proof tbat I adduce is , that the r . 'ig&for introducing Scotch farmers , to carry &at the system of feeding anon turnips , has Induced

      many land lords to ouet small tenants , with a view of possessing themselves of the farms , in the hope of redeeming tbeir shattered fortunes by an improved ByBtem cf agriculture ; while , innder a general summary , it should La understood tbat my system of small farms would be incomplete unless 'based npon the principle of a real " fixity of tenure ; " the want of which in Ireland operates more injuriouely against the small farmer titan it does agaiDBt tbe large tanner . Thus , the large farmer , with a lease , or accepted proposal on blank paper , which , when stamped at any time the teuat't pleases , may be converted into an equitable title , may contend agajisst the legal persecution of his landlord ; while nAther lease nor accepted proposal are any protection whatever to the tenant who only occupies fifteen or twenty acres of ground , and who is uoable to resist the

      demand fef the landlord for its suiienxier whenever he may think proper to require It . Hence , the ability of tbe landlord to repossess himself of a small farm discourages tbe tenant from increasing its value even by industry , as the improvement ; is sure to lead either to additional rent ox a , turnout . JTbis very system of bidding over the heads of small : farmers with leases who have improved their little holdings , has led to more muwlera than any other cueumBtsnce ; a » y to nearly every mutder that has been committed in .. Iceland for ths last forty-Unreeyea « B , i ! early each and every pue of which are chargeable npon the tyrant landlords , land-Bbaits , land-agente , aid middlemen , and not upon the maddened , plundered , and infuriated peasant , who , in the wildness of despair , takes tbat vengeance In lieu of the satisfaction which tbe law denies him . [

      " From these facts , then , the English reader will learn that Irish pauperism , Irish crime , Iriflh ^ lavery , and Irish murders are consequences of oppression and misrule ; and that the want of the small farm system , and not its existence , is tbe immediate cause of IriBb distress . I defy any man living to point oat any single act of treachery committed by an Irish peasant arising out of any dispute in the adjustment of which he had Teceived anything approaching to justice . The fact is , that foreign invaders have possessed themselves of ibe

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      country , and would stigmatfze the natives aa barbarians for thfir virtuous resistance to the most cold-blooded tyranny , committed under the plea of loyalty , necessity , and devotion to English connection . liersf tbouufi out of place , I may be permitted to say , that the English people never have been the oppressors of Ireland ; while the Irish-English have been tb ! e ruin of both countries . Invariably constituting the English minister ' s strengyi for the maintenance of Church ) asceudaucy and suppression of popular rights . To correct the several

      evils of which all now complain ; to reconcile the people of both countries in a bond of union and brotherhood ; to destroy tbs social inequality so destructive cf peace , prosperity , and harmony , I see no reme ' dy bnl an abandonment of our present artificial position , and a near approximation to the laws of nature . # ith these views , then , I proceed to davelope the means by which society may acquire a , feating bo firm that its jpeace shall not be in danger from the madness ofj despair , from agricultural restrictions , commercial speculations , or ministerialchange . " |

      Next week the reader shall kave that " developement . " In the mean time we are suro that he has seen enough ofj the Work and Us pjureiy practical nature , to induce him to seek further acquaintance with it . He will not rejjret doing so J

      •Icoiml Aim General Jenttaltgrcce.

      • iCoiMl aim General jEnttaltgrcce .

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      ENF * . EI , D . —Middlesex . —A public meeting of the Enfield Peace Society took place on Monday evening at tho Temperance Hall , Ponder's End . M . M . Monroe . Esq ., took the chair . 1 Several exedlent speeches were delivered during the evening by Messrs . Crawford . Paine , Robert ^ and others , entreating the young men not to leavo their homes and friends to become the hired ) assassins of Kings and Priests . Many Iadieg were present , who appeared highly delighted with the proceedings of the evening . | Signs 0 *? the Times . —In the parish of Enfield , Middlesex ,-a place nat more than ien miles from Londoa , there are 100 houses to let , and some hundreds of acres of excellent land- —uncultivated , whioh would gwe good employment to the starving labourers , if spade labour was encouraged by the rich Btock jobbers . I

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      Mr . S . Ckawford states that 70 , 000 Irishmen are ejected from their holdings every year , j Dr . Chalmers has publicly announced his adherence to the principle of Voluntaryism . ; In the Clifton Z jological Gardens a ' pointer bitch ib nov sncfcJing a young leopard . Thursday , a detachment of the 49 th regiment , from India , arrived at Walmer barracks the remainder are expected daily . j By the failure OF a bank at New York , Fanny EUsler has lost all she acquired in America , about 120 000 dollars . * j IX WAS BEPOnTED AT BONA , by a merchant vessel , that the Bey of Tunia had been murdered by his nephew , j The Subscription raising for Miss Marfcineau , who refused the peiwsion effered by tLe late Government , reaches the sum of £ 1 , 000 . ]

      The Duke of Wellington is prepared to concentrate the troops in Ireland , and all the ] small detachments will be called in . j A Compan y of the Sappers and Miners from Woolwicb , under Captain Haworth , R . E-, arrived in Dublin on Wednesday . j To the intended new dock at Liverpool , called the Albert-iiock , the estimated quantity vl cast-iron is no less than seven thousand tons . The Misses Porter married to Col Fawcett and Lieutenant Munroare nieces of Miss Jane Porter , author of tbe " Scottish Chiefs . " j The Vice Chancellor has decided , that the trustees of . Lord Forbes vrexe safe in lending £ 100 , 000 on Irish landed security .

      A PROPOSITION is made in the Cork Town Council , that tbe salary of the Mayor shall Bot in future exceed three hundred pounds a year . 1 Exhorbitant Taxation . —The county cess is 1 = 0 high as sixteen shillings the acre in Corkaguiney , Kerry —calf the rent ! j The Government rum contract , for one hundred thousand gallons , half Ea ^ t and half wUfc In . lia , has been taken at Is . 5 £ d . per gallon . ) A Female child was lately porn at Great Wigston , with two t « etb , both of which L . ivh since fallen from the cum 8 . Its tautber ' fi name was Lines . I

      Either way willdo— "Will you have mi Sarah ?" said a young man to a moikst giri . " No John , " said she , " but jou may have me if you wilL ** j The entire iw&ets of a recent bankrupt were nine small children . The creditors acted magnanimously aad let him beep them . I The cirejicii liturgy Is to be introduced into the morning services of tbe Wesley an chapel , Fawcet-street , Sunderland . j To THE List of the magistrates superseded we have farther to acid the names of John Malier , Esq ., and Victor Emanuel OFarreH , Esq . j TUB DEAN AND Chapter of Wells Cathedral have

      made arrangements for tbe thorough repair of tbis beautiful structure , at an expense of £ 70 , 000 . j THE DISTRAINTS upon tbe Society of Friends this yaur , chiefly for ecclesiastical purposes , are about £ 10 . 000 . I The CharivaH announces that MM . Lamennais and Lnniaf tine were each preparing an appeal r to France ia favour of Ireland . ] So great was tbe opposition among the venders of vegetables in Sbeerness , last weeft , tbat green peas were actually offered for sale r . t three farthings ^ et peck . A learned Docion lias given Ilia opinion that tight lacing is a public benefit , inasmuch as it bills all the foolish girls , and leaves tho wise ones to grow into women .

      Electioneering Anxiety . "Poor Mr . Smith has fallen down dtart of an apoplexy , " sajd a gentleman on the hustings . ' Ha 3 he polled ? " asked one of the candidates . In THB year 1815 , no less than 166 " persons lost their lives by coal-pit explosions , within a circuit of four miles , In the counties of Durham and Northumberland . The Fornham PaiS ! Estate belonging te the Duke ef Norfolk , near Bury St . Edmunds , was lately sold for £ 75 550 ; the timber to be paid for by valuation . Lord John Manners is tbe purchaser . Lately , a Worthy Bookseller and publisher in Paternoster Row announced ibat , in his shop , " a glass of tmter , and a tract , might be had for nothing ! " Great numbers availed themselves of the temverati offer .

      Sir W . Herschel has discovered that nitrate of soda and the hydro-sulphate of soda , both ! -remarkably bitter substances , produce when mixed together , the sweetest preparation known . | Ibs vegetable MARKET was literally ' glutted with pess last Saturday , surne of which were actually sold at two-pence per peck ! Good scimitars fetciled no more than sixpence per peck . —BrtghtonGaxetU . j " ' Wonderful Tump—It ia said there is a pump on Lang Island possessing tbe surprising power of converttog one quart of inilk into three pints ! We don ' t believe a wonl of it . —Hornet . J A French peus . int drowned himself the other day , at Cbah . iniN , in order thit his first-born , as tiie eldest son of a wi , iovF , miqht wcaps the conscription which had

      fallen upon him . j There is a Man bo absent tbat he mistook his wife fer h pair of bellows ; and alleged his thorough conviction of the illusion , by her always blowing him up instead of the fire J Novel Exportation . —Last week , Capt . Bouch , of the Emerald Isle steamer , from Hull to- Rotterdam , had on board ten donkeys for exportation 4-to improve tbe foreign breed , we presume . J Irish Cattle . —Tbe following are tbebnmbera of P'i ? s , sheep , cattle , and horses Imported into JBristal from Ireland during tbe last six months : —Pigs , 44 J 108 ; sheep , ioft ; atUe , 318 ; horses , 33 . j Ii is in contemplation by the postmaster-gcnetal , to consolidate tho general and twopenny | post-.. ffii ; es . TJbe alteration will expedite considerably the delivery of letters in London . j

      The Brighton theatre was broken open and robbed on Tuesday ¦ week . The treasury being ' empty , the thieves only obtained two gold Beuls and tenpence in coppers . . 1 THE Grand Juries of Armagh , Tyrone , and Leitrim , met at tbe Summer Ass : z ; s , have unanimously signed petitions against the Repeal of the Union . — Banner of Ulster . I Letters from Philadelphia state tbat Mr . Nicholas BidtUe is labouring under an alienation of mind . His friends are said to experience great apprehension as to tbe termination of this most dreadful iifflictioi ; . A novel mode of advertising for a wife has been adoptbii by an inhabitant of Baabuty , Oxfordshire : — A DaguerrolypB portrait of the genJbman is ( placed in a shop with tha following notice underneath— - " Wanted , a female companion to the above : appiy within . "

      A Significant Sign . —The presdnt workhouse in Sheffield , formerly an extensive cotton imi ^ l , is to be considerably enlarged ; the estimated expense is £ 10 . 000 , Which will be advanced by tb 4 Treasury in Exchequer bills , at 4 per cent . The loan is to be repaid by annual instalments . j Upwards op 200 unemployed working mea of South Shields have thrown themselves on tho parish , and are now employed breaking stones , and coveringjtne church yard with gravel , at Is . per day , whilst others have gone into the workhouse , where they receive the food of the house , and * * lodging * - —Durham Chronicle . ] A paragraph has been making the toar of some of the newspapers , to tbe effect that tbe army -in Ireland

      amounts tO above 34 , 000 men . This statement , is based In error . Our force in that country , including all arms and ranks , does not &t present exceed 20 , 000 men . — United Service Gazette . -I Durham Election . —There are strong reason ! ta believe that the friends of Mr . Pnrvis Intend { to petition against the election cf Mr . Bright for Durham , on the ground of the intimidation exercised by Lord Londonderry on his tenants in favour of Mr . Bri ght ~ T < ff 2 « . Mortal 3 ITB of am Adder . —On Monday rSe ' nnight , as a little girl , aged fonr years , daughter of James Angrove , a labourer at Common Moor } near Red Gate , in the parish of St . Cieer , was at play a short distance from her residence , she was bit twice on the hand by an adder , and the poor little sufferer died on ttefoUowingjday . —jrerf . Br # at : n , wou uu

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      The works of Alfieri have been recently prohibited by the censorship of Palermo ; and the consent , which bad been reluctantly given , ;' dr the printing of Thiers's History of the French Revolution , has been withdrawn . On Tuesday , whilst a man , named George Hardin ? , was bathing in the river Avon , near WillsbridgB , after 8 dimming nearly across the river , he sank . He has left a wife and four small children to lament his loaa , and big wife is near her confinement . Longevity . —There are at presantseventeen paupers chargeable to the hamlet of Coedfrank , in iha Neatfa Union , whose united ages amount to 1 . 377 years , the average age of each being 81 . The age of the oldest is 102 .

      SJSVE 0 UL thrftfy wive 3 , on the eccasion of a recent bank failure ia Lorceaterahire , wished to " prove" for noteaof the broken bank , which they bad boarded nnknown to their husbands ; but the Commissioner told them they mast s&r . d their liege lords . " GOOD BREEDING . "—Thomas Hart , beer-seller , Halliwttll , christened hia twenty-ninth child on Sunday week . Of that number twanty-five ata still alive , and should the prolific pair livaafew years , further additions to their'family may be expected . The hovse of J . J . Moyer and Co-, of Mulhanseo , has suspended its payments . It was engaged in the construction of locomotive and other steam enginea . Their debts are said to be 1 , 200 , 090 francs , one half of which ia due to a banking house at Mulhauseu .

      fHE Dubun Mail Coach to Gfalway , was npset on Friday week , at the bridge of Athlono ; Cipt . Williams , Engineers , on feis way to Castlebar , to inspect the barracks , had feis thigh broken , and tbe driver bad his ankle dislocated , George the Third and Borne Tooket— " Doyoa ever play cards ? " inquired George III . of Home Toeke . " Please yonr Majesty , " was tbe reply , " I am so little acquainted with the court cards , as not to know a king from a knave . Expense of the Expedition to China . —A Parliamentary return just published , shows , that the sums paid , or to be paid , on account of the war with China , amount to £ 2 , 879 , 873 , of which sum i £ 80 < , 964 are required to be voted in 1843-44 , aa balance dne to tha East India Company .

      A Psw days ago , the gamekeeper of Strowan , west of Crieff , in company with another keeper , witnessed a woodcock flying with one of ita young between its feet far" upwards of fifteen yards . Many of our readers may not be aware , that the woodcock is seldom if ever known to hatch in this climate . At Tieone as 8 iz 93 , on Thursday , the parties engaged in the late riot at Carland , nine at one side and seven on the otber , were sentenced to imprisonment fer terms varying from two to nine months ; in each case the prisoners to find bail to keep tha peace for seven years . The appeal of Vidocq against the sentence of the Tribunal of Correctional Police , which condemned him to &te years imprisonment and five years surveillance , came on before the Court Royal on Saturday . The court reversed tbe sentence Vidocq was immediately feet at liberty , and was warmly congratulated by his frtands . ;

      From the contests of a private letter received from New South Wales , it appears Beaumont Smith , whose name obtained such publicity in connection with the Exchequer bill fraud , is employed as a kind of clerk to tbe superintendent of the Cascade Station , about fifty miles up the country from Hobart Town . THE Railway Magazine says " we are glad to see that the authorities are beginning to move again in the extension of wcod pavement . Queen-atreet , High Holboru , and Bisfcopgate-atreet , have been for about a fortnight began , and are proceeding with rapidity on the Metropolitan Wood Pavement Company ' s plan . *' Tobacco Imports —The quantity of tobacco imported from the United States during the past year , aa given in returns just presented to the House of Commons , amounted to 38 , 618 . 012 lbs ., being a decrease of several thousand pounds as compared with tha preceding year .

      Fatiibb Mathew in America . This great Apostle of Temperance will not be able to visit this country daring the present year . He has , however , notified tho Catholic Abstinence Society of Philadelphia that he wiil meet them next year . Plenty of work for him here . —New Yo , k Herald . Patrick LeaRY , private of the 69 . ih , who was arrested on his own confession at New Brunswick , for the murder of the liev . Mr . Ferguson , at Timoleagne , in 1832 , has arrived at Cork under escort , and is lodged in the gnol . He now denies knowing anything whatsoever of the murder , and represents the whole thing as a fabrication . It is stated , In a late French paper , that an experiment has been tried bj some medical gentlemen at Pails , of inflating the lungs of a atili-bora infant , when , in a few momenta , the blood began to circulate , and the child wad returned to ite parents alive . It is now five months old and doing welL

      A woman of the commune of Con « e-sar » Marne , a few days back , perceiving a wolf in the street of the village where sho resided , did not hesitate to attack it , strike it down , a&d finally master it , though not -without receiving several wounds . A joint of one of her fingers waa bitten off by the animaJ . DOGTOE Boardman , of Hartford , America , lost hia life on the 25 ; a ult ., from taking krsoaote for the toothache . A particle of it got into bis throat , and caused each , an inflammation as to stop the breathing passage . If a regular physician cannot safely take it himself , certainly it is a dangerous article for others to nse . the Eari , , of Cawdor , Lord Djuever , and th « Hon . Colon « i GhoTge Bice Trevor , M . P ., and moet ol the gentry of South Wales , have , in consequence of the Rebeccaite disturbances , determined to build barracks at Carmarthen for the military , by public subscription , to add ta the security of that district .

      Marie Bart , a French woman , was . convicted at the Mansion-house of having smuggled a large quantity of cigara from an Ostend steamer . She carried them in a most ingeniously contrived petticoat , which , she completely padded with cigars , and yet created no disproportion fa the figure of the wearer . Sho was fined £ 100 , and sent to prison in default of payment . Two ofitbe principal thoroughfares in Belfast have been lately pared with cylindrical blocks of wood sunk into the ground perpendicularly . The pavement is at present as level aa a drawing-room floor , and the various vehicles which are continually passing over it do not create much more noise than they Would produce upon a bowling green .

      Rock Salt ib more abundant in Cheshire than in any part of Great Britain , where the deposits He along the line of tho valley of the river Weaver , in small patched , about North wich . The saitjwas accidently discovered in the year 1670 , in sinking a COal pit at Mar > bury , about a mile from Northwich ; about 60 , 000 tons are annually taken from the pita in the vicinity of the town . Sad complaints are made In Switzerland of the destruction caused by the overflowing of small riven . On the evening of the 13 th , the Saane , by Freiburg ,

      suddenly left its channel , as though , sluices had been ur . t-xpectediy opened . The rivulet Saime has become a mighty stream ; in summer it is of ten dry , bat the water has now reached a height of twenty feet , and ia a musket-shot across . Something Undsual . —Among the things worthy of particular notice connected , with Father Mathew ' a visit to Manchester is the fact , that en Wednesday moroing week twenty professional gentlemen , all from Burr , took the pledge before the Eav . gentleman . In the number is included lawyers , clergymen , and surgeons .

      Cockroaches —To destroy these , mix one onnce of arsenic with fuur ounces of tallow , and melt them together in an earthen pipkin . Wbon thoroughly incorporated by stirriug , and partially cooled , small pieces of wood should be nipped in the mixture , which will form , a coating over tno wood . If these pieces of wood are placed in those parts of your kitchen which the cockroaches frequent , they will attack them greedily , anil perish Boctob . Lucas . —This celebrated Irishman , having , after a very sharp contest , carried the election as a representative in Parliament for the city of Dublin , was met a few days after by a lady , whose whole family was very warm in the interests of the unsuccessful candidate . " Well Doctor , " eajs she , " I find you have gained tbe election ? " " Yes , Madam . " No wonder . Sir , " all the blackgards voted for yon . " ' No , Madam , your two sons did not , '' replied the Doctor . A Natural Check-string . —It is well known

      that Lord Monboddo averred that men were originally born with tails , but they had worn them off with ; Bitting on them . In a disquisition as to what use teila could by any possibility have been to any body , Oh yes , ** said a lady , with great paivette , "they Would have been gsod things for coachmen , as they would serve fer check strings . " In consequence of tbe dearth with which the Prussian Rbenibh provincts are tfflioted , the King of PrusBii has ordered barges laden with corn and flour to be sent from Treves np the Rhine , the Moselle , and the Sarre , and to deliver supplies at every village The inhabitants having a ticket from the magistrates are allowed to take as much as they want , on engaging to return the same quantity after the harvest .

      Light Sovereigns . —it has been discovered , that a considerable number of light sovereigns and half sovereigns have been making their appearance In the metropolis for the last few months ; anditisascertabied , that the bullion dealers and Jewa in Paris * Rotterdam , Hamburg , and otber parts of the continent , have been re-exporting t © tnia country all the light gold they have had in txahange during and sinceflwpanic Beiiish Museum . —The number of persons admitted to view the general collections during the nart year amounted to 547 , 718 , being » towe ** over the £ ^ f * H year 0 £ m Uii «* tf » number of visits made to the readitig-roemB for the porposeof study or research waa 7 i , ? 06 , being an increase over the corresponding yew ef 2 , 403 . The number of visits by artists and students io the galleries of sculpture has been 6 , 627 , and the number of visits to thepriataowa

      John Woods , the Uveryratablekeeper of Londonwall , and who has a country-house at 14 , Bath-street , Balston , was last week fined ten shillings for brutally ill-using |* poor wwkhouae girl who was in hia eervice , by tying her up to the mange ** , and beating her with a halter . The Magistrate at first Inflicted a flue of £ 5 , out reduced it , on the defendant ' s consenting to give the gW £ 3 as oompeiwaiion lor tbe injury be had ia . aided . . ¦

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      Untitled Article

      THE NORTHERN STAR ^

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Aug. 5, 1843, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct943/page/3/