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    TO THE PEODUCEES OF WEALTH, ASD jaL THOSE WHO LIVE BY INDUSTRY 0?f TBE LAND.

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    VEBBATIM REPORT OF THE CHARTIST TRIALS AT LANCASTER . THIS DAY IS PUBLISHED , No . 4 , OF A VER BA T I M R E P O RT O F THE EECE K T TRULS OP FEARGUS O'CONNOR AND 58 OTHERS , AT LANCASTER , FOR RIOT , SEDITION , TUMULT , AND CONSPIRACY . THE above Work will bo Published ia Weekly Numbers of 64 Pages of Royal Octavo , Edited by FEARGUS O'CONNOR , Esq ., Barrister-at-Law , and to which will be added A SHORT ACCOUNT OF THE CAU 3 B 3 OF THE DISTURBANCES OF AUGUST AND SEPTEMBER LAST , With Notes upon the Trial ; also a Dedication to Baron ROLFE . A SPLENDID PORTRAIT OF THE JUST JUDGS WHO PRESIDED , WILL BE PRESENTED WITH THE LAST NUMBER ( GRATIS ) v To those who have been Subscribers to the Work . The Portrait will be Executed with a view to its being placed as a Frontispiece , and when completed , which will be in about four Numbers ; the whole will make a valuable work . Price 7 d . a Number , in s wrapper . The Portrait gratis . Subscribers and Agents are reqaested to give their Orders to Clkate , 1 , Shoe Lane , FJeet Street , London ; Hey wood , 60 , Oldham Street , Manchester ; and Hobsoh , Northern Star Office , Market Street , Leeds .

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    * jj {" bieob , —There is nothing ih&t happens , ? honei eTer ^ wn ar *' n * 0 T laxasal ^ i which is nnnalLj , fjie moment &n event takes place it is natural , ^ BOthing can be more oat of tlie common course of risr © , than that a nian ^ nth money should have nn-Sjjj ^ power ^ ver the life , the liberty , and comforts of &la » ge portion of his fellowmen j yet so it is in * wjs our country , in those oar days of cmlizition SHO l *** t

    r , , » , _ * , _ _ t ** _ -. n _;_ A master cannot -with impunity take the life of his —ufcniiB jitistrue : ; neither can he , -without some ragned catLSBj consign him to a prieon ; but he can j 2 ~ fliott shait not labour for me , nor yet for any of gx ' order , and yon shall die of want , or go to gaol for iiieving . jJoWjihroBghont the whole of the manufacturing fis&cls of Bnglxni , sad xeaJiij ias taught this

    lesto those who live bj labour , and who sre liable * n be discharged upon a moment a notice , and against ; —jjtsefurlher employment the fiat of the destroyer ' -ms forth whhatt the force of an edict . ' \ If 70 a Iotb your position and are satisfied with Tonr condition , throw down my letter frith dis-Li but if you are weary of your fate , and are ] S giOj desrons of a better , read on , and say -whether j flie messsra I propose for yonr release from bondage ] isa ssrrile dependency , are wise , and good , and '

    Stable . J £ en ) ember , above all else , that I am in nowise . tote a parndpator in anj benefit which may arise i fjoin tie snccess of my plan ; it is no more than an ¦ jxperiment . I see -well-made mechanics either j E ^ eep lng the streets , or parading them in gronps , as j angers ; or skxHUog into shades from shame of ]

    povert ?; 01 fljisg to a pest-honse—a £ astUe t forj Hiccoui . —I see the best employed paralized by the wecarionsness of their tenure . To-day at work , to- \ ^ pnowniihired and panpensed , wifliont any fault ofj g ^ r ownl I 8 eethepoorsireet-3 weeperlooking with ^ ijBi » yat lhe newly-invented streetrsweeper and en- i niiig the horse that has deposed him . 2 look to j briber improvements , and in each and &D I reoog- - laie alish&dded to the whip by which the labourer '

    Is pmosbefJ , . j Believe it , then , or not , my heart sickens at such i sghte , * B ^ iaJ understanding tells ma , that 1 am ' bound , sad every man is called upon to risk life and ' personal comforts , and submh to odium , and taunt , ; ujd persecution , to destroy the growing monster . j The general distress of the working classes is adjaitted upon all hands , while each lias his peculiar Dosinan for their relief . Mise is the La > t > . lam a-praie tiat to talk about pig ? , and potatoes , and cabbages , to men earning 7 s . or 8 i . or 10 s . a-day , would j l > e arndecess , while they could buy them out of the ' proceeds of theii labour , and what more had they to ' do with them ? But now the time has arrived when '

    Jo have them yon must grow ihem by your labour ] for jcmselves . Hemember that & potato is zailkj ' ialter , cheese , pork * bee £ , mutton , eggs , lamb , poultry , troo \ and fine cloth j because fit > m the rude pobto , each and every one of those things can be produced in a angle season . Therefore , whDe yon jrovli attach all importance to money , which you OlBOt get to pnrchase them , do not despise even the potato , which yon can grow , and by which yon preserve them .

    Alwajs bear in mind tbat the great complaint of yirar masters is , lhat the artificial labour market is ever-stocked , and that politicians look to your expatnanonas a remedy . Tiiis furnishes me with an irresistible argmaens infaTonx of my plan , because they both join in recommending the application of English labour to the land of foreign countries . "Wiy not then apply it to the land at home 1 More especially when all the expence of transport * - ' iion would be thereby saved , and -which , if applied j to home colonization , would be more than ample , j ¦ sMlethe anticipated benefit from an increased con- smption of manufactured articles would be rarely exceeded . 1 will tell you tin reason—Because free ieimsr ^ vxruld very speedily look for its Just share in 1 he government of the country .

    In some previonsletteron the subject ofspade culti- Tation I placed beforeyou atable , showing the profits itom < me man ' s labour upon ten acre 3 of ground . Ti may be yon have forgotten it , nor shall I tire you with repetition just here . I fed that many who never saw a green field may szj , " What do 1 feiwr abont fanning V To those 1 would say , ""What « id yon inow about spinning , or shoelukmg , or cabinet making , or coat making , until * joa had paid a premium , and spent seven years in j lfaniTng the art , while the art of farming can be j loaned from your neighbonr , and may be practised ! for yourself without preminm , or a seven years '' servitude f

    Bot I go further ; I say thai I don't require any EflD who is ignorant of the blessings of a home , and free air , to leave the cellar and the fog—I merely want to open the wide door for all who desire to enier ; and , by taking off the surplus , to remove fi » overstock from ibe cellar to a good home , when B 3 labour ihall hsve been rendered more Taluable ij less competition . Now , that is my desire . Ptrar acres being the amount which I propose assigning to each labourer , I shall now proceed to show its capabilities ; not in the most beneficial TOj , but from practice and experiment . Hereafter I ihall exhibit its real raine when cultivated to the freatest advantage .

    Jk . linton , of Selby , in Yorkshire , a large iron fonnder , and a person most anxious in his desire to l * iter the condition of the working classes , has = » fie a practical experiment , of which the following ttsj be Taken as an ontline . He rents three roods . -or three quarters of an acre of ground , for which he pap £ i , qt at the rate of £ 0 63 . 8 d . per acre . He ha 3 kept a correct acconut of the profits , whieh I WBH& thsak Mm to submit to yon through the coIhdds ol ikuSiar , while I give just enough this "week to show the value of labour when applied to J * ad . When Mr . linton commenced his operations .

    thesoS had not more than two inrhes 0 / surface ; -he pa ! d the enormous rent in conseqaence of its valae from its being what 13 called town land , -or convenient for a honseholder . Its valne as land 2 the country would not be more than fifteen ^ Sap aa acre , if so mneh . By the application of labour , he has given this heretofore barren soil 1 surface of eighteen inches . And now for the re ^ Salt of Ms experiment . Upon this three-faarters ° f m acre he , last year , fed two cows and eight J ^ = s csddes a qnantity of poultry , and had vegetables for Ms table . "We will suppose the eight pigs X . ~ r * " ^~ ' «» ~ F * 3

    » coi amiB as much as two cows , in order that we 5 * J come to something like a calculation of -ralue . ?<> Jo this he has not cultivated anything neur the ® Sre of the three-quarters of an acre , aad he gives fcs Jalourer three shilKEgs a-day for every dsfs f « k . There is no great art in growing cabbages , *? ttys , and potatoes , jior is there much in throwing Ttento a cow , or in milking her , selling her milk , w tlmraing , or making cheese . Leaving oat every-^ Sj tlienjbnt the four cows , see what the profit w Junween days' labour leaves , for that i ? , I uuder-^^ the number of days' work required for all « _ linton ' s operations np to the present time .

    ¦ " * a operaiive can now sell his labour for 15 s . a ' ^^ he conaders himself a happy mani andlet ns ' 566 « J thi 3 scale what it would be worth . "W e ) JBBBt not Enppo = e that Mt . lanton ' s bad ground pos- ' S 5 Se any charm beyond that which labour can j ^ Baicate , and the following is the result upon : ™ quarters ^ of an acre . He feeds , or eonld feed , *^ »» ws . Suppose each cow to give six quarts of ] J ™* at a meal for the six summer months , at two *! gate per quart , each cow produces £ 18 -ts . 's worth I « mk , and , to be under , take £ 3 4 s . from the pro-™» of each , it leases profit npon the four cow 3 . «* 'Jfor thirty days' labour , and 35 s . rent ; for Mb JJ"Iot w& more than £ 1 the acre , or 15 s . for ' ™ garters of an acre . Now- four acres

    ~™* d ia fixe same wij ^ ould leaTe , » fter de-T ^^ jS 3 4 s . from the above moderate rate « Proaccaon and price , fto sum of £ 300 per HmMa > * ut of wMcli £ i rent should be paid . B » sceptic may say , O , we are not all milkfps i iow could -we all find a market for milk , j ™ > sr chees * V So I ^ y , but I haTe selected ^ ° a the least profitable of all produce , & 8 an « sttpls of what labour , when applied to land , is e « a . The land may be made to produce othei

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    things equally valuable , and all that can be required for the comfort of man . : My immediate intention in making the experiment just now , is for the purpose of meeting , combatting , and defeating the Hnholy project of transpor ting the ° turpius poer" to foreign regions , in order that they may become consumers of EngliBh mechanical productions abroad . If the project of Mr . Charles Bnller and the Malthusians shall once receive the countenance of Government , and backed , as it would assuredly be , by capitalists and owners of machinery , then would

    commence a new and vigourons reign of terror ; then would the Poor Law system be presented in its true coIoutb ; then would the prison become a place of refnge for the destitute ; and then would all and every means be used for the purpose of inducing , provoking , compelling , and forcing the industrious olasses to transport themselves . It is with a view of mee-. ing those new crusades that I have undertaken to present to jour mindB , your own land in the shape , the form , and loveliness your own industry could confer npon it . It is in order to induce you to shake off" the bugs , instead of abandoning the bed to them , that I thus lay myself open at once to the assaults of the landed proprietary of the conntry .

    aad to employers who would still keep you in bondage , lhat they may buy your labour in the cheapest market and sell its produce in the dearest . In thu 3 propounding the scheme for your consideration , however , you are not for one moment to suppose that in my most saoguine moments I anticipate from it more than the means of making your teeth water for your Charter . No , for if to-morrow , by chance , or otherwise , yon achiered the possession of 4 . 0 D 0 , O 00 acres of land whereon to locate 1 , 600 , 000 heads of families , or 5 , 000 , 000 persons at five to a family , without the power of the Charter to preserve it , tyranny would watch the first fitting opportunity to dispossess you .

    To show you that 1 am not extravagant in my notions , 1 may here explain the extent to which I hope to succeed . 1 hope by a great exertion to see yon possessed of ray 20 , 000 acres of land , or feur acres each for 5 , 000 heads of families , making in the aggregate 25 , 000 dispersed over the face of the country , say in forty divisions , large and small , according to the size of the counties , and when the Great National Charter Association is

    ; \ ¦ j j re-organised , { as I hope very shortly to see J I hope I to be able to say to the tamely starving operatives of i Manchester , Oldham , Leeds , or Huddersfield , go j and see the free labour market , and ask what they \ can get for their labour in it , and then ask how you 1 are 40 do likewise , and the answer will be , the Charteb ; and then , but not till then , will there be i a cordial , & united , a powerfnl , an irresistible , . Szbx 3 » 6 le" for the achievement of the People ' s

    Chapter . " Ab long as land bears the franchise , so long will its ewner keep it ont of the retail market ; once stop it of that property and ihenthe plan , which I never hope to see more than experimental , will become general ; then that which ahould else bo done by societies , and which , after all , can bebnt sectional , ¦ will become national from very necessity . Crammed as the public mind has been to forfeiting , with the fallacies of free trade and the

    antici-\ j \ ' ¦ I j ] 1 ' pations from transportation , we , as a grand national movement party , mnst now be prepared with onr means of relief , and our arguments in J their faycur . "Unless we can show the good and , industrious why they should remain , at home , they j will be driven to savage climes , to contend against j the same savage system under which they hare been ; destroyed ; but if we can convince them that system j is the bug , and that to make home what home ought j to be , is in their power , then wil ] all ** unite " I co 7 ispire ° and " comUne" to destroj or to muzate 1 the vermin .

    The body , the only body by which the agitation for such a purpose can be , or ought to be carried out , is the Chartist body under the name and designation efiheNational Chartist Association ; and for that reason and for that purpose , I am more than ever anxious that each locality should be now thinking of the best means of giving effect to my plan , or such other plan as shall be submitted to the

    body when digested in Conference , so that on the whole it may be recommended , not as the plan of FearguB O'Connor , bnt as the plan founded upon the best suggestions of all , who may be selected for this undertaking . It is to the producers of wealth alone that we must look for the means of making the experiment , and the experiment as the means of ¦ wedding the public mind more dearly to the Charter , as a further means of making it national .

    Now , to show that I am not extravagant in my notions , and to prove that the plan is easy of accomplishment , let us see how far it can be carried out . Sappose 20 , 000 acres of land at £ 1 per acre , that would be £ 20 , 000 a year rent , on lease , say of ninety-nine y » aTs . We could , on payment of £ 10 t , OCO fine down the rent to £ 15 , 000 or 15 s- per acre ; " 100 , 000 subscribers at 6 d . per week WOuJd , in < me year , pay over £ 125 , 000 , leaving , after payment of £ 100 , 000 , a Eurplus of more than £ 25 , 000 , and npon payment of £ 100 , 000 fine , £ 100 , 000 more may be raised ; thus , at once , there woukd be a capital of £ 125 , 000 to set the thing in ODeration .

    iBdeed a very few benefit or trade societies could at ence start Hand insure five per cent ., for their capital , while the other funds might be appropriated to starting the colonists so as to give immediate effect to their undertaking . But of thiB , more in my next , in whieh 1 hope to be ab ? e to lay before you the whole machinery for working a district comprising 1000 acres occupied by 250 labourers and their families , and what applies to one district will , of course , apply to all . 1 have received a number of letters upon the subject all highly approving of the project , and from which I select the following for publication : —

    " Dejlr Sib , —The joy , the pleasure , and the delight that J have felt this evening by reading in the Northern Star the means yon propose for the deliverance not only of the white slaves in this , but of all the countries in the -world , ia snch that J cannot get words to express what 1 feel . May Bod Almighty spare your life &z . d make you the happy instrument of being the liberator and saviour of the human race , which I believe the plan yon mean to propose , if followed up , will assuredly tfisct . " Until this evening , I cad no bope that the prodnetive classes wonld « ver get their freedom , politically or morally , but by -violence .

    " 1 will take in hand , or do the best I can to get 500 subscribers of sixpence and upwaids per wetk , for the purpose of making the working classes proprietors of the land , " Wishing yon every success , ' 1 am , dear Sir , " Yours sincerely , " Jobs Hesb-j . " 7 , Cherry Gaiden-Etreet , Bennondsey , loth April , 1843 " F . O'Connor , Esq ., Hammersmith . " Now , if a few others were to look as cheeringly upon the project as the writer of the above , the work would be speedily completed .

    There iB only one concluding observation which I deem necessary to make here ; it is this : —In the consideration of the subject let it be borne in mind , that Land is the only law material to which individual labour can be successfully applied . That the single husbandman stands in no danger from competition , combination , or centralization . That come what will , be his produce cheap or dear , he cannot starve , nor will he ^ e pend for existence , comfort , or labour on the whim or the caprice of another . I am , jour faithful Priend , FBA 3 GUS O'CONHOB .

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    TJpekb Wablbt . —Mr . Butterley , of Halifax , will deliver a lecture at this place , on Sunday , ( to-moxlow ) , at two o ' clock in the afternoon . Mi . Butterley , will abo deliver a lecture in Swan Coppice * at six o ' clock in the evening .

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    MaNCHESTEB . A public meeting of ii& ink&bitants of thia Barongh was held in the Carpenter ' s Hall , on Friday last , to take into consideration the conduct of Mr . Baron Gar . ney , one of Her Majes'ty's Judges , during the trial of Wm . Jones , at Leicester Assizes , for sedition . The meeting wan called for one o ' clock in the afternoon . On the motion of Mr . D . Donavan , Mr . John NuttoU was unanimously called to the chair . The Chairman opened the business by reading the placard calling the meeting , after which be made a few appropriate remarks upon the circumstances which had called them together to perform a great public duty , ana concluded by calling upon Mr . Wm . Dixon , to move the first resolution .

    Mr . Dixom , on coming forward , was loudly cheered . He aaid , Mr . Chairman and Fallow-Townsmen , —You are called upon this day to perform a dnty which you owe to yourselves and the public He would much rather that the resolution which he bad been called upon to move had been entrusted to the care of some pfawon more capable of doing justice to it than himself . It was & resolution in which be folly concurred , and in order that they might judge of its merit * or demerits , he would read it before he made any comment . Resolved , " Tbat we the people of" Manchester , in public meeting assembled , do tender our best thanks to Feargus O'Connor . Esq , James Leach , Christopher Doyle , and the other brave patriots "who so nobly defended themselves and the cause of Chartism , during the recent trials at Lancaster , and we hereby express

    our unabated confidence in them all , and our determination to co-operate with them in obtaining a redress of the many grievances under which we * * re suffering , and securing a fall measure of justice through the . enactment of the People ' s Charter as the law of our country . " He ( Mr . Dixon ) was confident tbat the resolution would meet with a hearty response from every lover of freedom . No man could be ignorant of the fact that the cause of universal liberty had received an impetus unknown in the history ef Chartism , by the conduct and general deportment of the defendants at Lancaster . He i Mr . Dixon ) had had the honour of witnessing their conduct in Lancaster , and also tbe mighty change that took place in the public mind ia Lancaster , concerning the Charter and the Chartists . Mr . D . then related SfeV-eral anecdotes relative to the various conversations

    which he had heard upon tbeir first going to Lancaster , as to what tbe Chartists ought to be done with , and also the mighty change which took place in their opinion before the close of trials . The resolution was seconded by Mr . Marsden , during whose speech , the Rev . Wm . Hill entered the ball , when the entire audience rose simultaneously , turned round in tbeir seats , and ccntinued cheering , waving of handkerchiefs , and manifesting ever ; possible symptom if delight until tbe Rev . Gentleman had made bis way to the platform , aad for several minutes afterwards . The speaker briefly concluded by seconding the resolution , which , on being put from tbe chair , was carried by acclamation , and repeated rounds of applause . Tbe Chairman then introduced the Rev . W . V . Jackson to move the next rttsolntion .

    Mr . Jackson on rising , was greeted with rapturous applause . After the cheering had subsided , tbe Rev . Gentleman spoke to the following effect . The resolution which he held ia his hand was oue with wbicb be agreed with his whole heart and soul . He ( Mr . Jackson ) considered that tbe conduct of Baron Gurney was not only highly improper , but unconstitutional in the extreme , during the trial of Mr . W . Jones at Leicester , anil deserved the censure of every honest man . Of what was Win . Jones charged ? Why , sedition j —the nature of which was the calling of the police unboiled , or raw labsters . Perhaps he ( Mr . Jackson ) bad better beware what he said about the police , fox when he was tried it was for endeavouring to bring the police force into disrepute . He did not call tnem on this occasion the unboiled . But , nevertheless , he believed them to be just -what Wm . Jones had called them . He considered that Baron Gnrney bad acted unfairly to Mr .

    Jones , by bU frequent interruptions both during the cross-examination of tbe witnssses , and also when making hie defence . Mr ; Jones was sent six months to the felons' cell for speaking disrespectfully of tbe police , whilst both Whigs and Tories were allowed to make ubo of language a thousand times stronger , not only against the police when it suited their purpose , but also against tbe bishops , magistrates , her Msjety ' a ministers , and against tbe Queen herself , and no notice was taken of them . Tbe prayiag , cautlog Bailey might suggest the propriety of casting lots who sbonla shoot Sir R . Feel , and go scot free , whilst poor Jones , because he called tbe police by tbeir proper name , must be treated in an unlawful manner by the Judge who tried bim ; and , after suffering every indignity and insult at the bands of the modem Jeffrits , must suffer six months imprisonment into the bargain . The Rev . Gentleman concluded by reading the

    resolntion" Tbat this meeting declares its entire and unqualified abhorrence of tbe conduct of Baron Gurney , upon the trial of William Jones at Leicester , believing it to be unconstitutional ; and tbat a memorial be presented to her Majesty , signed by the Chairman , embodying the opinions of this meeting upon the above subject . " Mr . C DOT 1 . B rose , for the purpose of seconding the resolution , and was received with cheers . Mi . Doyle commenced by sayiDg—Mr . Chairman , and , he might say , Brother Chartists , he felt great pleasure in seconding the resolution which bad been bo ably moved by the Rev . Gentleman who had just sat down . They all knew that he ( Mr Doyle ) was a particular friend of those scamps that dare not show their facss in day light , dressed in their own garb . He had tbe most

    profound respect for them 1 In fact , his ( Mr . Doyle ' s ) respect for them was so great , that if be bad the power , he would make them all honest men , by making them ¦ woik for their living , instead of being , as they were at present , a burthen upon the public ; and if this was not rtspect for them , he did not know what was . It was always an act of kindness to make a rogue into an honest man . William Jones was an honest and industrious Chartist , and an intelligent one , too—one that -was endeavouring to make mankind better in tbeir social , and political , and domestic condition ; and , not like tbe scamps and vagabonds of policemen , who appeared against him on his trial , who live but to produce miBery and wretchedness amongst a starving and oppressed people . He ( Mr . Doyle )

    bad told tbe judge and the jury at Lancaster that he did not hold a very good opinion of those gentlemen in blue ; tbat he believed them to be unprincipled vagabonds , that would say or swear anything . In fact they were ready , at all times , to take oaths by tbe hundred , and would swear tbat black was white , and that blue was no colour . Why , tbe fact was just this , tbat Little-Finality Jack , backed by tbe Tories , found tbat there were a great many thieves in tbe country , and fearing that they would be falling foul of their property , thought it best to make a provision for them by gathering them together all over the country , and instead of calling them by tbeir proper names , they gave them the cognomen of—What ? Why , the Rural Police Force . But notwithstanding his ( Mr . Doyle ' s ) abhorrence of the

    unboiled , as Mr . Jones called them—but he would not for the world call them such ugly names—bis disgust at tbe conduct of Mr . Baron Gurnoy was two-fold more strong , for this reason , bis standing in society led us to expect from bim a different line of conduct than that manifested on the trial of Jones . His ( Mr . Doyle ' s ) opinion of his conduct was this , that he had disgraced the sacred office tbat he had been appointed to fill with justice and equity , and ought , therefore , never again be allowed to contaminate the judicial bench with bis polluted person . And if the country did tbeir duty taey would send him after his twin brother , Jndge Abinger , for in his ( Mr . Doyle ' s ) opinion they were as near twins in iniquity as possible . He was sure that if there was anything wanting before , to

    convince the people that they would never have justice done to them until they had the power of appointing all public officers , and holding them responsible to the people for the manner in which they did their duty , the conduct of Jndge AbiDger at Chester and Liverpool , and now that of Gurney at Leicester , was sufficient to convince them of the necessity of uniting to obtain a full measure of justice for the whole people . When they could see every day that one party could say what they pleased , aye , and rob when they thought proper , and no notice was taken of it : but if a Chartist even said anything tbat rffended a poltroon of a policeman whom he was compelled to maintain , he must have all

    the powers of a corrupt Government hounded upon him , and a partizin Judge to annoy , and ia an unjustifiable manner to interrnpfc bim in defending himself , because chance bad not given him the means of employing counsel . He ( Mr . Doyle ) agteed with every word of the resolution j its language was just what it ought to be ; it was tight the people should express their unqualified disgust at the conduct of any Judge that could bo far forget bis duty as t& oppress a man like Wm . Jones , becase he was a pool man . If ( said Mr . Doyle ) it bad been Mr . Giaborne ox Finality Jack that bad been on their trial , bow different would havt been the : conduct of Baron Gurney .

    Would he have interrupted them ? No ; hia language would have been , — " Oh yes , yen can set sp what line of defence you think ; proper ; you have a pet * feet right ; chose your own . line of defending your own case . " Mr . Doyle concluded by a few more very pithy remarks , in which the Corn Law Repealers came in for their foil share of the benefit ; , and sat down by seconding tbe motion . The Chairman then put tbe resolution to tbe meeting , and it was carried without a dissentient Mr . Dixon rcse for the purpose of moving a memorial to her Majesty ; and in doing so , he wouK ( not occupy

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    any great length of their time , as there was a gentleman or two who bad yet to address them . He would content himself with reading the memorial : — To Her Most Gracious Majesty , Victoria , Queen of Great Britain and Ireland . Tbe Memorial of the Inhabitants of the Borough of Manchester , in public meeting assembled , on Friday the 14 th of April , 1843 , Humbly Shewexh , —Tbat William Jones , cordwainer , was arrested on a charge of using seditious language , at Leicester , on the 29 th of August , 1842 , and , after an examination before the Magistrates of Leicester , was held to bail , to appear and take bis trial at the ensuing assizes held at Leicester .

    That on Friday , March 24 th , 2843 , the aforesaid William Jones did so appear , and waa arraigned before Mr . Baron Gurney , one of your Majesty ' s Judges , and pleaded not guilty , and , was consequently put upon his trial . That tbe said William Jones , being undefended by Council , was necessitated to conduct bis own defence . Tbat during tbe ciosa-ezamin&tioas by the said Wm . Jones , of . the witnesses brought forward to substantiate the charge against him , he was repeatedly and shamefully interrupted by Mr . Baron Gurney , with &

    view , as your Memorialists firmly believe , of preventing the said William Jones from eliciting facts connected with the case , that would buve a tendency to remove any preconceived prejudice existing in the minds of the jury against tbe said William Jones . And your Memorialists further believe , tbat by these unjustifiable interruptions on the part of Baron Gurney , the said Wm . Jones was materially injured , by being prevented from shewing to the satisfaction of the jury that those portions of the speech for wbicb be was arraigned at the bar , were garbled and mutilated so as to serve the purpose ef tbe Council for the prosecution .

    That during the time the aald Wm Jones was addressing the Jury , in hto defence he was frequently interrupted by Mr . Baron Gurney in an insulting , savage , and dictatorial tone , which was anything but creditable to tbe Learned Baton , and totally at variance with the true administration of justice and the spirit of the British Constitution . That your memorialists are of opinion that snch unjust conduct as that evinced by Mr . Baron Gurney is pre-eminently calculated to bring the judicial functions and the proceedings of what ought to be courts of justice and equity into disrepute , and ultimately into contempt

    Tbat your memorialists are convinced tbat tbe said Wm . Jones has not had a fair and impartial trial , wing to his not being allowed to cross-examine the witnesses against him or follow tbat line ef defence , he thought best calculated to disprove tbe crime of which he stood charged , and npon these grounds your memorialists believe tbat tbe verdict of Guilty returned against blip by tbe Jury and the consigning bim to prison for six months by the Judge , are both cruel and unjust .

    Your memorialists , therefore , beseech your Majesty to exercise your roya ) prerogative , and give orders for the immediate liberation of tbe said William Jones ; and also that your Majesty would be graoiously pleased to inflict such mark of your displeasure upon Mr . Baron Gurney , as will have a tendency to prevent bim and others of your Majesty's Judges from making the Courts of Justice into mere perversions of that sacred name . And your memorialists will , as in duty bound , ever pray , &c Mr . Dixon said be quite agreed with the memorial which be bad read to them ; and , therefore , begged leave to move it Mr . j . Lake seconded the memorial in a neat speech .

    The R « v . Mr . H ill was then introduced to support the memorial , when tbe immense audience again continued cheering in like style wiib tbat which greeted him on bis first entrance , for some minutes . Mr . Hill spoke strongly in support of tbe memorial , denounced the conduct of Baron Gurney as un-English , unjust , &nd unconstitutional—as taking a mean advantage of the position he occupied for party purposes , instead of being , as he ought to be , the undefended prisoner ' s counsel . v

    Mr . Leach also spoke in support of the memorial , adducing several instances of petty local tyranny equally disgusting in character with the atrocity referred to by the memorial as evidence that the whole system of class domination generated a oneness of practice among all its ' minions , which left no hope to tbe people but from its utter extinction . Mr . Loach was rapturously applauded on bis appearance , and at tbe conclusion of his speech . On the memorial being put to tbe meeting , It was carried unanimously . Mr . D , Donavan , in an able and talented speech , moved tbe following

    resolution" Tbat the best thanks of this meeting be given to tbe Rev . Wm . Hill , Jiditor of the Korthem Star , for the obliging manner in which he complied with the invitation to visit Manchester , at great inconvenience to himself . And we hereby express our entire confidence in him as a talented and able advocate of those sacred principles wbicb , as Chartists , wt ? believe can alone secure tbe happiness and prosperity of all classes of the community . " Mr . Lane briefly , but ably and cordially , seconded the motion , which on being put to the meeting , was carried with an enthusiasm which makes ail effort at description vain .

    Order being restored , Mr . Hill returned them his thanks for the compliment which tbe men of Manchester had that day given bim , and he boped that he would ever deserve their confidence , by steering a straightforward ceurse of principle . He would give them the same advice concerning himself that he always hod given them of others—tbat the moment they found him squinting across the path of principle , that they would send him to the light about . The Rev . Gentleman then addressed them for Some time on tbeir duties as Chartists , and sat down amid thundering rounds of applause . On tbe motion of Mr . Dixon , the thanks of the meeting were given to tbe chairman , and the meeting separated to make preparations for the tea party that was to take place in tbe Hall in the evening .

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    "See the conquering bero comes . " The tea being over , and the tables removed , Mr . Dixon was called upon to preside . Tbe Chairman then gave out a Chartist hymn , which was eung by the whole company , accompanied by the baud , —at tbe conclusion of which .

    Tbe Chairman said , that they had finished the first part of tbe business for which they bad assembled in a manner which did them credit . He was very proud to see so great a number of persons congregated together conduct themselves in so orderly and respectable a manner . They bad been engaged for the last hour in supplying the body with those things without which it could not exist . But it was equally important tbat they should supply the mind with tbat intellectual food without which it would be j a sterile and barren waste . He hoped , therefore , that they would attend to what each of the speakers } had to say . which would address them in tbe coarse of the evening . The first toast for the evening was : ' —

    " Tbe people , the only legitimate source of all power . May tbat power speedily be recognised by the abolition of class-legislation , and the adoption of the People's Charter as a legislative enactment . "

    Air , — - "Scota wba hae . " Tbe sentiment was responded to by Mr . Doyle iu an efficient and talented manner . The Chairman then said the next toast is one in which he felt confident that they , along with himself , would most cordially agree . It waa : — " Feargus O'Connor , Esq . and T . S . Duncombe , Esq ., may their disinterested exertions iu tbe cause of suffering humanity be duly appreciated by a grateful people . " j Band—Aar— " With Henry Hunt " Mr . Rankin responded to the toast in a short and neat apeech . , The Chairman , with a few ] prefatory remarks , introduced the Dtixt sentiment , which was : —

    "Frost , Williams , Jones , and Ellis ; may tbe people's efforts for their restoration be ; speedily crowned with success . " ; Responded toby the wholeandience , singing : — ' * God save tbe patriot Frost , " accompanied by tbe band , which had a most solemn and imposing effect ! The Chairman then gave—" James Leach , Christopher Doyle , and our other persecuted friends , may the sympathy of tbe people , for [ whom they are suffering , and tbe consciousness of the justice of those principles they hav « i so fearlessly advocated , console them amidst their unmerited persecutions , aad may the efforts about to be made in tbeir behalf ba the means of restoring them unscathed to their familes aad friends . "

    Band—Air , Nature ! a Gay Day . " Mr . D . Donavan responded to tbe toast in a speech replete with impassioned eloquence . Tbe Chairman then rose for the purpose of giving theflfrh and last toast for the evening , — " The Northern Star , and its Editor , may the sacred principles promulgated by tbat luminary irradiate the minds of the whole people , till , like a refulgent beacon towering above the sable clouds of despotism , it shall remove tbe mists of ignorance from our political hemisphere and finally conduct the world to freedom . " ';

    Band—Air " Bonnie Breast Knots . " At this part of the proceedings tbe Rev . W . V . Jackson , accompanied by his goi > d lady , entered tbe hall and was bailed with every mark of friendship and esteem by the whole assembly , i The Chairman had great pleasure In introducing tbe Rsv . Mr . Jackson to respond to tbe sentiment—( bear , hear , and cheers . ; Tbe Rev . Mr . Jackson said it was with no ordinary tiegrae of pleasure , that he responded to the sentiment just read by the Chairman . He bad long ago formed bis opinion of the Editor of the ! Star , and also of the Star Itself . In his . Mr . Jackson ' s opinion , it would

    have been difficult , nay , be believed impossible to have fonud a man so pre-eminently calculated to fill the office of conducting a really democratic newspaper . The Rev . Mr . Bill was not only a man of talent , but also was in possession of a great amount of shrewdness and forethought , that seldom if ever was found combined in one and the same individual He had conducted the Star In a manner which did him credit , and at the same time ably and fearlessly exposed the tricks and intrigues of the factions to lead ; the people astray by false promises and pledges , made but to be broken and deceive their confiding dupes . And it was to him we might attribute the presant position of the Chartist

    movement . It is tbe Star and the point of Mr . Hill ' s pen that is dispelling that ] gloom and ignorance that blackened and darkened our political hemisphere . It was with no ordinary feelings of pleasure that he ( Mr . Jackson ) called their attention to what had been accomplished by the Star since it began to shine in our political firmament , its rays had ] penetrated and established the principles of democracy in every part of this country , and be might say every part of the world ; and might the gracious truth jwhich it promulgated be sounded from every hill top , and through every valley , and continue its onward ( course from river to river , from shore to shore , until finally its re&ulgent

    r » ys should light the worid to freedom—( loud and long continued cheers ) . It had required no ordinary degree of watchfulness on the part of ltsjE 4 itor to keep it still shining . They and he ( Mr . Jackson ) were not ignorant of tbe various means that had been employed to destroy Mr . Hill , Mr . O'Cannor , an ! d tbe Star ; in fact they wore not ignorant of the means that were in operation in this town at the present moment for that purpose . But all their puny efforts would not prevail , so long as the Editor and Proprietor maintained that unpurchaseable adherence to principle that had marked their conduct up to the preeenti Many papers had sprung up professing to advocate tbe people's rights

    and for Borne time continued to do so , but no longer than it was necessary ( as they thought ) to get hold of public favour , and then came out tboir real objectthey began to fire from their jmasfced batberies at the Star , its Editor , and Proprietor , and finally the mask waa pulled off the pretended friends , and then their papera sunk ; and whilst they were sinking , the Star was rising ] and shining brighter and brighter . There was one other remark which he ( Mr . Jackson ) had to make concerning Mr . Hill , and that was with respect to the independent and

    straightforward manner ia whlck he ] bad conducted the Norther * Star , not regarding the proprietor nor tbe people ; but speaking his mind ! fearlessly and in a straightforward and manly manner . He might be called an O'Connorite ; bat he was neither an O'Connojite , nor an Hillite , nor any other ite , but he was a Chartist , and he did not blush to own it ; he was wedded to the principles of the Charter , and so long as the Star , with its Editor , and Mr . O-Connor , stood by those principles he would stand ] by them , bat not a moment longer . < Loud cheers . ) J amid the

    Tne Rev . Wm . Hill then came forward most vociferous cheers . He aaid bis friends , he was sure , would not expect him so far , to outrage good taste as to inflict " a speech" upon tb ' em trader present dr . cunutances . Should be even be IH-adviswi enongh to attempt it , it would be impossible for him to find worda in which to convey to them bi » feelings . Be would merely thank them for the kind reception the people of Manchester had given him , and hoped that his future conduct would be such as always to secure him the good opinion of his fellowicountrymen . Sofai aa the Star was concerned ; all that he could say -was , tbat so long as he had anything to do with its management , it should vigorously and manfully advocate the principles of universal liberty . So much as it regarded himself . But in reference to the ] glorious trathB -which they were engaged in promulgating , here vas a subject

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    tbat the tongue of eloquence might test upon fSf ^^^ 2 ^^^^* ' 3 ^ These were principles which , as a Christian minister , he was bound to support ; and , nob only so , but he was wedded to them , and nothing could withdraw him feom their advocacy . No pecuniary reward tfHit it waa pLt 9 ib ) e to give bim would induce him to write or Bpeak for any other principles than those which was laid down i > 7 the founder ef the Christian religion , ; who aaid " v . ' * u « is 7 <> xa Master , even Christ , , and aii 7 « are bretb . Xfln - " He believed in the universality of the Christian r tHgion , and also in the catholicity of the principles 0 / democracy and truth . He stood " before them as one c ^' uaeotad wita the truth , and he blushed not for that avt > wal « Tae Rev - Gintlemaa letwned his thanks to the . vidience for the kind manner they had received him , ai . ^ *» a most impressive manner , urged upon them the oscessity of pswe'erauce and energy in the great work" *>* a nation's freedom , and sat down amid repeated rwufcds of applause .

    The Rev . Mr . H ill thefl administered the solemn rite of baptism to the undermentioned infants , viz . : — Feargus Thomas Clegg , infant sou of William and Mary Clegg . Mary Ann Frost Stainfleld , daughter" of William Stainfleld . James Feargus Bennet , infant son of Thomas and Sarah Bennet , of Pendleton . After twelve o ^ clock , the young peopla were allowed to commence dancing , which wns kept up with great spirit , and the greatest harmony , unSii five o ' clock oa Saturday morning .

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    GRAND TEA PARTY AND OTHER ENTERTAINMENTS . A Chartist tea party was held in the Carpenters ' Hall , Garret Road , Manchester , on Friday evening . Tke Chartists of Manchester , ever willing to provide for the recreation and amusement of those parties who attend tbeir Hall , knowing tbat Good Friday was a holiday , determined to give them a treat . They , therefore , announced by placard that they woald . have a tea party on tbat day . The announcement wa / i responded to by the public in that spirited manner which is always the case when the committee call upon their fellow townsmen for their assistance and support .

    The placards announcing tbe meetl ' stated that tea would be on the table at half-past six o'clock ; and ia a few minutes after that time , upwards of five hundred persons sat down to enjoy ' " ¦ the feast of reason and the flow of aonl" by partaking together of the cup which cheers bnt Will aot inehriaV a . : A few minutes before sevea of dock , the Rev . Wm . Hill , editor ' of the Northern . Sfctr , accompanied by Mr . Hargraves , entered the Hall . The people , notwithstanding they were discussing the good things of this life at the time , all rose up . f' nm , the tables , and greeted him with every mark of eat flam and regard . Cheering , ' clapping ot hands { waving of hats and handkerchiefs , and every demonstration < / f joy , which lasted for several minutes after Mr . Hill hf td mounted the platform , — -the splendid brass ijaad gUv / log

    To The Peoducees Of Wealth, Asd Jal Those Who Live By Industry 0?F Tbe Land.

    TO PEODUCEES OF WEALTH , ASD jaL THOSE WHO LIVE BY INDUSTRY 0 ? f TBE LAND .

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    Carpenters Hall . —O : i Sunday , the Rev . Wm . Hill preached the anniversary sermons of the epening of the above Hall for Chartist purposes . The afternoon discourae was founded upon that beautifal portion of holy writ found in tbe 15 th verse of the 13 th chapter of St . John ' s G ' -wpel , " For I have given you a& trample that ye should do as I have done . " The audience , which was numerous and respectable , were delighted with the manner in which the Rsv . Gentlemen elucidated his subject , by contrasting the conduct of professedChristians with tke example of him they call their Master . They B 9 V . Gentleman having occupied a short time upon thia portion of his subject , proceeded to show tbe absurdity of the charge of infidelity being attributed to the advocates of Chartism ; and after a masterly refutation of the base calumnies of its enemieft and a triumphant ; defence of its principles , he concluded by making an appeal to his audience to contribute according to their means towards meeting the

    expenditure which must be very considerable for such a splendid hall as this for the working men to meet in . This appeal was very liberally responded to , and a very handsome collection waa made . — In the evening , the Hall was literally crammed in every part There could be no less than from four to five thousand , persons assembled , and numbers had to go away who could not procure admission . The Rev . Gentleman's subject in the evening was , the Chartism of tbe Old Testament ; and was a masterly exposition of various texts of Scripture bearing npon the principles of Chartism . The discourse , which occupied nearly anhour and a half in tbe delivery , was listened to throughout with the most serious attention . Notwithstanding the crowded state of the Hail , and the almost intolerable heat arising therefrom , the collection was again very good . After the service was concluded , the Rev . Mr . Hill adjourned to one of the anti-rooms in connexion with the Hall , and baptised eight infants and an adult person .

    The Chartist Painters of this town provided a good substantial dinner of good old English rare in honour of Mr . J . Leach , Christopher Doyle , and Thomas RaiHon . Tbe dinner was on the table at eight o'clock in the evening , when between forty and fifty of the Chartist Pa nters , with the above-named individuals , sat down . After the cloth was removed , one of their own men waa called to the chair , who said that they had opened that room for a two-fold purpose , namely , to endeaveur to create a better feeling amongst tha painters generally ; and , in the second place , to promulgate the glorious principles contained in that document , called the People's Charter . He hoped , therefore , that they woulii listen with attention to the gentlemen that he should call upon in tbe course of the evening to address them . Tbe first toast for tbe evening was " The people , the source of all legitimate power . '' Mr . Cooper responded to the sentiment in a neat and appropriate speech . The chairman then gave " The People ' s

    Charter , and may it soon become ths law of the land . " Mr . James Leach , on rising to respond to this toast , was loudly applauded . Mr . Leach's speech did honour to the working classes of this country , and was a clear and concise exposition of that document , which , if made into a legislative enactment , wonld place in the bauds of the people the power of amending their social and political condition . The chairman then gave the * ' Northern Star , and the whole of the democratic press . " Mr . Dixon responded . The chairman then gave " The health of the painters' friend , Mr . White , " of the Railway Inn , which was drunk with the usual honours , and was responded to by Dr . Haliey . The chairman then said there was anothar gentleman that they ought net to overlook , although he was not present . He then gave " The health of Mr . Christopher Doyle . " The toast vtas drunk with , every mark of respect to thals absent friend with loud applans * . Mr . Dixon responded . Other toasts were giveu , and the company saparated at a late hour .

    Halsuaw Moor—On Thursday evening last , Mr . Dixon , from Manchester , delivered a lecture in the National Charter Association Room in this place , being the first them has been here since the strike . After the lecture , several qnentiono yroro aoko < 3 , -w-Jbfob Mr . Dizon answered to the entire satisfaction of the

    audience . IttONTBOBE—Mr . Peddle , of E Hnburgh , entertained the lads of this place , with the history of his prison adventures on Good Friday . GLASGOW . —At a meeting of the committed appointed by the directory of the Glasgow Chartist Association , to take measares for the liquidation ot tha debt due to . Mr . George Ross , as General Treasurer of tbe Chartists of Scotland , it was unanimously resolved to engage a talented company now in Glasgow to visit the most poplous and patriotic districts throughout the country , and give a correct representation of the trial of tbat distinguished gentleman , Robert Einmett , Esq ., on a charge ot high treason , at Dublin , in tbe year 1803 , the whole proceeds , after defraying espences , to be

    devoted ta the above purpose . The committee would most earnestly solicit the co-operation of the various Associations-ia this undertaking , by giving their countenance and support to the company on their arrival in each locality . The debt now sought to be cleared off , by thia representation , is not that of G ' asgow alone , but Scotland generally , through the delegates assembled in Glasgow on tares several occasions , and the generous individual who so kindly epened his private parse in support of our holy cause , has every claim , in point of right and justice , on all true lovers of democracy , when the treacherous Whigs siezed the defenders of the poor , and crowded the dungeons of England with her best and bravest sons , when the peaceable , legal , and coaiti ~ tutional meetings of the people were dispersed at the point of the bayonet—when our exchequer was low , and to be a Chutist was the well known signal for the ribaldry , tyranny , and persecution of all the imbecile

    factions , who live and fatten on our industry , George R 03 S was- at bis post , presiding over the assembled thousands of his fellow citlcens upon all occasions when called on—giving bis money to tbe Central Committee , and for the support of our newspapers and periodicals . Tbe following are tbe towns proposed to be visited , beforu which an official letter , signed by oar chairman , Mr . Thomas Ancott , and our Secretary , Mr . Wm . Brown , will be transmitted to the respective committees : —Hamilton , Airdie , Caropaie , Kilmarnock , Ayr , Falkirk , Sterling , Edinburgh , Dundee , Aberdeen , Coalsnaughton , Alloa . Tillicoultry , Arbroath , Kilmarnock , Kirkcudbright , Lanark , Barhe * d , Strathaven , and Perth , Irvine . —P . S . —All other towns omitted in this list , by forwarding a letter to Mr . G . Ross , 83 v Trongate , will receive attention . N . B . —The gentleman who acts as manager for the company , and takes charge of the constitution of the court will also be furnished with an official letter from the Committee .

    ABERDEEN . —On Saturday evening last , Mr . R . Peddie , of Edinburgh , lately released from his three years confinement and torture in Beverle / Hell , lectured in the Chartist Hall , to a respectable and crowded audience . The lecturer gave a very distinct account of the manner in which he was ensnared by the hired spies of Bradford , as also of his trial and condemnation by the foulest perjury wbicb was ever committed ia any court of justice , and proved to the entire satisfaction of every one , by the wiitten declarations ia his possession , that the Whig authorities then in Bradford did not give him any opportunity of bringing forward that evidence ¦ which would at once have detected tha cursed plot aimed at his life ot liberty . Had ?<* r . Peddie been tried in Scotland , we know the result would have been quite different , for with us there ia something in

    the shape of fair dealing 1 whereas in England , if we take Mr . Peddie ' s case as a sample , as well as many more of the Chartista , which have cctne under our notice , the English Courts of Law appear to be a mere mockery of justice , calculated to impress upon every intelligent , thinking , and unprejudiced mind , tbe absolute necessity of the people being awakened to a lively sense of thtir danger , in tamely submitting their lives and property , aad every thing thai is vMuous , noble , and patriotic , to be sacrificed at the unholy shrine of aristocratic ignorance and wealth . —Mr . Peddie lectured also on Sunday evening , on Priestcraft ; and the way in which bis subject has been appreciated , evinces In a very striking point « f -view , that the community at large are rapidly unfettering their minds from the thraldom of superstition , and approaching that standard of rational and philosophic judgment which is so devoutly

    to be wished , COVENTRY—Mr . Brown delivered an address In the Charter Association Boom , on the causes ef the present distress , showing to the satisfaction of an attentive audience that there is no remedy except in the People ' s Charter . Ashton-undbr-Lynr . — -Mr . Jeremiah Lane , of Manchester , delivered an able leotnre on Sunday evening last , in tbe Chartist Room , Chailestown , Astatoa . ,, , A public ball and concert waa held on Monday nigbt last . About 400 persona attended , and . after enjoying a good evening ' s amusement , separated about twelve o ' clock .

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    PU Ztdtti AM ) LEEDS GENERAL ADVEETISEB ,

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    YOL . YI . NO . 2 U . SATUKDAY , APRIL 22 , 1843 . PRIC ^ S ^^ iPS ^ rr Y er

• Citation
  • Northern Star (1837-1852), April 22, 1843, page unpag, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct930/page/1/