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Northern Star (1837-1852), 19th February 1842, Edition 5 of 5, Page 4, Untitled Article

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    • 3SR|*mai 3prarlfament.
    • THE NORTHERN STAR. SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 19, 1842.
    • ftii aSfaWS an* Coyr^potttiettt^
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      3sr|*Mai 3prarlfament.

      3 SR |* mai 3 prarlfament .

      Untitled Article

      Xtknlinued from our Seventh page . ) HOUSE OF LORDS . —Tussdat , Feb . 35 . X ) a . the pressntation of a petition from Hull for Xba repeal of the Corn Laws , bj the Marquis of Hormanby , - . Lord Bbocghah declared his opinion , thai while Hie only legitimate object of taxation was revenue , the very worst mode of raising a revenue was by a . tax on food . He was far from approving a fixed dnty on corn , bnt he did not therefore like a sliding sale . He a ? ked Lord Ripon a question respecting * the towns whieh were proposed to be added to those which now make the returns .

      The Earl of Ripoh replied , that the object of adding those town was not from any disposition , to lessen the averages , and thereby exclade foreign corn , bat to obtain the averages in a fairer manner . The Earl of Radsob considered that the proposed » ew sliding scale -weald ba more stringent and oppressive than the present law . Why , therefore , the measure had been introduced he could not understand , PreserTed tartle had been admitted by the Government duty free . That was a step in the right direction ; and they might extend the application of thepriaeipleto corn .

      Af fear some conversation on the topics stated by the £ arl « f Ripon , and one or two other subjects , Lord Moktbaslb postponed his motion respectingtfca Exchequer Bill Fraud until tho 28 th . ^ 53 » House atQonrned till Thursday ,

      Untitled Article

      HOUSE OF COMMONS ,. Tuesday , Feb . 15 . The adjourned debate on the Corn Laws was % agun by Sir W . Clot . After arguing in a low and inaudible voice npon the aritbaetical parts of the « ease , hetold * he Government , tkat it would not be in their -pornx to make the arrangemeat they sought , for that the people had now taken the subject into their own hands . " Captain H&ihltoh said , tihat the farmers in the district-wklch ke represented did not think the Go-Tarnment Tneasnre adequate for their protection . They approved the sliding « eale , bnt they thought that-aftke price of 55 a . -the duty sbonla have been Ste . Tbe protection proposed by Government v * a 3 in his own opinion sufficient for the light , but not for the&eavy soils , and he preferred the scale of which Mr . Christopher had given notice . Bnt be felt that the Government measure ought to betaken * & ¦ ¦ & whole ; and though he believed that his own constituents and those of most members near him

      weeld have been better pleased with a higher duty , be w » 3 persuaded tbat the loyalty of rb . 3 agriculturists would induce them to considerable sacrifices for the public good . fie intended , therefore , to support the resolutions of Sir B . FeeL Mr . Chjldebs congratulated the country that the Minister had already been able to dispel prejudices which , had so long resisted the efforts of their opponents . He himself wished to see a fixed duty , which is thought would make the supply more regular , and therefore the priceAnore equable ; but he wished -to see it chiefly because it would be a step to a total repeal ef duty upon corn . That duty had this ill -effeet among others , that it slackened the endeavoure « f the agriculturists to bring the land to its utmost productiveness . He hoped the time was coming ¦ when England , instead of trusting to Navigation Laws or Corn Laws , would trust only to her own ^ resources aud energies .

      Captain Rocs reminded his hearers of Lord Melbourne ' s declaration , that a man must be insane -who fiosght to repeal the dnty on corn . If the seasons were £ xed , he should think it reasonable to fix the duty ; hot not otherwise . He belieTed that Sir IL Peel in this measure had considered the interests « f all classes equally . When genilemen opposite expatiated on the advantage of cheapening a loaf bv " 2 & , ho wished to ask theai , was the 2 d . to go into tbe poor man's pocket or into theirs ? Was the

      object to lower wages ! He had observed that in all old countries the people ' s wxges were proportioned if fee price of the food they lived on . Oa the continent , where food was cheap , wages were low : in England , where faod was dear , wages yrere high . Gentlemen liked to draw parallels between" thiB country And America ; but did America pay her debts ! Was not her defalcation the primary cauBe « f our present distress ? Sir Robert Peel had only to pursue bis present impartial course , and he might retain office as long as he pleassd .

      Mr . Williams was of opinion that the people had better p&y a direct bounty of 203 . per quarter to the landlords than continue the Eliding scale . It increased the price of bread to the working classes ; but it prodnced still worse consequences % its derangement of the currency . He did not grndge the aristocracy their property j but they had no right to increase their property by taxing the people . The people would not bear it ; and the aristocracy had better take warning by the fate of tbe same order in France .

      Mr . Ormsbt Gore gave a calculation , to Ehow iow small a burden per head was imposed on the labouring classes by the existing Corn Law . He read extracts from a letter addressed to him by an operative cotton printer , purporting that the Corn Laws had nothing to do with the distress of the working people , which was caused solely by machinery . Tie proposal of Mr . Tiliiers for a total repeal was a manly one , but the fixed duty was a deceitful suggestion . - Mr . Wxrd argued , that according to Mr . O . Gore's own calculations , the tax levied by the slidiBg scale amounted to £ 5 , 000 , 000 sterling per annum . He complained of what he designated as the scandalous le ? ity exhibited on the preceding night in Mr .

      Ferrand ' s speech , and of the mischievous cheers witn which ihai speech was received . He denied that JLord John Russell had on this occasion proposed 8 s . as the amount of fixed duty ; and , indeed , the time was passing away when 83 . would be an acceptable amount . Is always happened , that when the moderate concessions asked at first were met by a refusal , mnca larger concessions were ultimately demanded a&d obtained . The new proposal of Government went is reality npon the principle cf prohibition , and relinquished no protection but what experience showed to be inoperative , and therefore useless . It merely avoided a waste of power and an unnecessary odium . He must confess , however , that he liked the redaction of daty from 83 . to nothing , as proposed by Sir R . Peel , better than the reduction from the same point as proposed by Lord- John , who certs inly had here fallen into a trap , and must

      get out of it as he could . He then entered upon the subject of general distress , and urged the impossibility that the people could continue to endure the " incubus of this corn duty , illustrating his view more particularly from tha sufferings of Sheffield . Sheffield , inched , had obtained some relief from its trade with Canada ; but ev . n this relief would be withdrawn if Government persisted in the plan of a 33 . duty on ihe importation of corn into Canada from the " United States;—and , by the way , why a fixed dnty ia Canada , and a Eliding scale in England ! He did noi ascribe the distress to over production , nor to joint-stock bank issues , but to the want of power of consumption . Moderate men would gladly . have accepted asy real concession ; bnt this proposal disappointed everjbody , and the flimsy pretext of disinterestedness on the part of its . supporters " was seen throneh . _ ...

      Sir E . Knatcbbcll observed that the tax on the people , which Dr . Bowring had the night before estimated at 450 . 000 , 000 , was bow pat by Mr . Ward at only j £ 5 , O 0 G , 0 O 0 . He contended that Lord John ' s speech , in introducing his amendment , had given the Hosse to understand tbat 8 s . was the fixed < inty he meant to . recommend . Sir E . Knatchbnli declared his own concurrence in the doctrine of a fixed duty , provided it were possible to maintain such a duty in times of scarcity ; but it could not be then maintained ; and if once removed , it would be gone for ever . He eertsdDly would not himself have concurred in Sir R- Peel ' s plan if he had not believed it to furnish ju 3 t a&d fall protection to the landed ink rests , and security to them for their station in the community . The agriculturists , a few years agohad been tliEtressed ; bat they hid not

      , therefore asked relief at the expense of other classes of eoeiety . If now tbe relief sought by the repeal party were granted , the poorer Is-nds must at once be throws out of cultivation . He had felt it his dmty , however , to consider this subject with refer enoe to the interests , not of tbe agriculturists alone , but of all classes ; and he was happy to find thai his constituents concurred with him , and were prepared to support tha plaa now proposed . After correcting an important error in one of the statements of Dr . Bowring , and holding it up as » warning against careless assertioa , he cited the authority of Mr . Haskiason aiid other competent judges , is favonr of a protection npon agriculture . Dr . Bowsikg explaiced , and faid thit he had himself taken the earliest opportunity of correcting his own mistake .

      Mr . Labox ? ckm £ « d , that Sir E . Xnatehbull had always been an advocate of high protection , and bow , as * Minister of the Crown , had folly -maintained his old opinions . Sir E . Knatehbuli had stated the object of the proposed measure to b « the maintenance of toe landlords in tbeir station ; bet the » bjeet ought to have been tbe interest of the people at large . The question now to be considered ¦ was , whether , on aa average , England grew corn « nough for her own consumption . He Bhowed , in fgsres . taat thi 3 was sot her position , and that she ¦ was * nnnally importing larrer and larger quantities

      cf foreign corn for her still increasing pooulation . Ireland was no longer able to Bupply the deficiency 1 sheeoasasaed rasre whea ^ herse lf than heretofore , and applied more of her land , with larger profit , to grating . Ho would admit that the proposed plan had eome merits ; it diminished whsJ » were called ; ihe jamps , and it would probably yield eome increase of revenue j but i \ did not give to great interests auy benefit vrMch made it worth wliiie to alter the law at siL The proposed addition of 156 towns , eifeflf m a ^ rie ajtiir&l duirict ? ,. moa : have coxae efieo ia torsrew the advertised

      Untitled Article

      averages ; and a further effect would be produced in the same direction by the change in the class of officers appointed to take the returns . The diminution in the averages from all the new arrangements would probably be not less than 53 . Fluctuations in the price of food might be great in other countries , but the extensive trade and geaeral circumstances of England ought to protect her from such vicissitudes . In general , a duty should bear some proportion to the value of the aiticle charged wiU j it ; but the sliding scale produced an inverse ra * . i 0 between price and duty . Under a different sysf im , he believed that London would become i' ^ depot in the corn trade , to the great advantage , of British shipping . He did not mean , by voting against

      the Government measure , to go the length ' jf declaring himself in favonr of a total repeal of duty . He knew that many objections were nr ^ ed against a fixed duty ; but at least we had » aot , as m the case of the sliding scale , an actual e / ^ perience of its inefficaey . Mr . Huskissen's author ity was adverse to the principle of the present ay . d proposed Corn Law ; and Lord Stanley some y ^ ars since had expressed his favourable opinios of the fixed duty , provided it were practicable . It had been said that at high prices the fixed dy . ty could not be maintained ; but if it wero remt / . ted , the remission would benefit only the speculator and corn-holder : and as

      soon aa this should be Vaderstood , all clamour for SHch remission would cease . He did not know whether the policy ot Garernment in other matters was to be more liber / J than in this . If it were not , all would be alike delssive ; but if it were more liberal , there wou ) d be a suspicion that the want of liberality on the Corn Law was owing to the superior power of the parties interested . Sir £ . Kna . t © 3 buli . explained , that he had not spoken of preserving the station of the landlords as a particular o ' iass , but of maintaining the whole agricultural interest ; and this only in consistency with the welfare of other classes .

      Sir James , Graham said , that the agitation of this -qumion had been begun by tbe late Government and i ' t then became impossible for their successors to avoid dealing with it . This measure was prodnced by Ministers as the lowest duty which could be taken consistently with the due protection of the agriculturalists . The fixed duty would not have conciliated the parties opposite ; to have adopted it would have been , in Lord John Russell ' s language , to disturb without settling . After his own experience , he bad no faith in finality , he would never again recommend a concession larger than he thought just , in the hope that it wonld be conclusive . What he now tendered was , in his opinion , equitable for the consumer on the one hand , and the producer

      on the other . He quoted from Lord J . Russell ' s historical work , a passage showing that the principles of free trade must be controlled by certain exceptions in the case of certain interests . Lord John had himself , in Lord Grey's Government , supported the sliding scale . The scale had been called alippery ; but there seemed to be some lubricity even in the fixed duty ; for the Noble Lord himself had proposed on the preceding irght to relax it . It had been put by him last summer at 83 . ; but to night the House was told that 83 . was no longer the amount patronised by him . In answer to the citation of Mr . HuBkissoa ' s opinion upon the existing CorD Law , Sir Jas . Graham read a passage from a speech of that statesman in 1828 , absolutely rejecting the soheme of a fixed duty . He next entered into calculations to

      show at what prices foreign corn would come into competition with British , and to evince the advantage conferred upon the consumer under the proposed scale ; after which he recurred to the inconvenience of the opposite plan , when high prices should call for remission of duties . The parties interested directly or indirectly in the cultare of the land were , he observed , a majority of the whole people . He then quoted official reports , setting forth the operation of machinery in producing goods , and displacing labour , and concluded by a shoit recapitulation . The debate was then adjourned . Wednesday , Feb . Vtth . The debate was again resumed ,-and , after a long talk , the House divided , when there appeared—For the original motion 349 For the amendment 226 Majority against the motion of Lord John Rnssell .. 123

      The Northern Star. Saturday, February 19, 1842.

      THE NORTHERN STAR . SATURDAY , FEBRUARY 19 , 1842 .

      Untitled Article

      " WAGES OF LABOUR AND 'EXTENSIONS OF COMMERCE . " Is the Northern Star of Saturday , Jaauary 15 th , we gave , in an article under the above head , the statements of a gentleman respecting the condition of the manufacturers and work-people forty years ago , in the districts around Nottingham , Sutton-in-Ashfield , and Mansfield , the great seats of our lace and hosiery manufactures . The gentleman who furnished us with the statements in question , had been extensively engaged as a manufacturer in the town of Mansfield . He knew the business

      from "thread to needle "; had his eyes open to the system of trade we have been pursuing ; saw the causes which have operated to produce a state of things the most horrible and unparalleled ; and he enabled us to fihow , clearly , the progress of oar whole commercial system , from that healthful state when all connected with it were well-to-do , down to the trashy productions , the race run by tho . manufacturers in ruinous competition , and the end as evidenced in the present prostrate condition of both employer and employed .

      The main portion of this article waB recently extracted into the Nottingham Review , after the Editor had gravely rebuked us for what he designates the "fierce onslaughts we have lately made npon machinery , attributing to it the distresses of the country . " The charge thus parroted forth , as to our attacking machinery , needs no further notice from us here , than just to refer the reader and the Review to tie article in the Siar of Saturday week . There it is sufficiently met , and set at rest . After the Editor has given the whole of the statements of the gentleman referred to above , and the observations with which they were accompanied , he thus discourses : —

      " We admit there is a great deal of truth in this extract [ the article 1 from the Northern Star ]; bnt we bold tbat it is mixed with no inconsiderable portion of error . An extension of trade must be a good . It is asked , who has benefitted by the system \ We acknowledge it is not the master , or the workman , or the consumer , or the wearer ; nor can we see any * great capitalist' that has gained by it . It is not bo in the hosiery trade , for many of the greatest houses engaged in it SO or 40 years a * o were ruined . Those who are calling out for an extension of trade in the hosiery branch , are not great capitalists , or little capitalists , but the workmen , because many of them

      feel and know to tbeir sorrow , that trade is so narrowed down , ' that there is none left for them ; their frames . in which they worked , are standing still ; they are idle for want of this extension of trade ; because the trade has failed , and there is no demand for the produce of their industry in the market , many of the hands are , this inclement day , at work on Nottingham Forest , with a spade or a pick axe , digging a hole , or exterminating the roots of a gone bush . These want a revival , an extension of trade , for they know t \ at this would make them more comfortable than they are now . "

      Let the reader ponder well over the above luminosity 5 It is one of the most " tplendMcious " ** pieces of writing" it has ever been our fate to meet with ! And this is one of your "best possible public instructors , " ye advocates of "free trade" and w extensions of commerce" ! Hear the sage . " An extension of trade must oe a good . " So says the Nottingham Free Trade Review J The italics are his own , too . " Extension of trade must be a good . " Why " must , " Mr . Wisdom ! Where does the u mutt" come from 1 Harkee , poor numskull ! " Must" aa extension of

      a bad trade be " agood" ! What a fool it iB Hear him further— 14 Who has benefitted by the [ present ] system t Not th * master , er the tcorhnan , or the consumer , or the wearer ; " and yet an extension of trade , which benefits none of these parties , u auft be a good 1 " So sets forth the Nottingham Review , the ** best possible public instructor" on free trade and ** extension" doctrines i He goes on : w Nor can we see any * great capi-Uliit' that hxs gained by it . " Then it is " good " for nobody , nor nothing ! Bat did Mr .

      DulbibhkaJD ever hear of a London " capitalist , " who onoe was a shoe-blaok , and is now raised to be a M . P . from the immense sums he has scraped together by his " slaughter-house" practices ! Has this man not benefitted by the trade which ha 3 reduced all others jcjoeerced in it to beggary ! Has he had nothing todo with the lace and hosiery business of Nottingham and its neighbourhood ! When the poor maker was compelled to sell , was hft not ready to buy , at his gym price t Has not he " chopped" t And have & 9 t these means raised bin to be one of our is >

      Untitled Article

      lators ; one who is ready to vote far an " extension " of tbat y yBtem wtich has already been , of such '' goo ^ tobimA T ' ae conclusion of th * Review , that the workmen "" want a revival , aa extension of trade ; for they ' enow that this would make them more comfortable than they are now , " is a worthy match for his sequiter , that " an extension of trade must be a good , " the trade they have been engaged in having benefitted neither the workmen nor their employers , nor the wearers of the goods they have produced . And yet an " extension" of it " would make them more comfortable than they are now" } 12

      The writer" then proceeds to say : — We must eater our protest against tsaching tho people that machinery is the causa of the evils of the community , for it is notorious , that there has been very little new machinery for the making of stockings . The stocking frame is scarcely altered since ! its first invention . Thirty or forhi years ago , when good prices were given for the making of hose , there was a brisk demand for them ; new frames were made , the number of hands employed in the manufacture was increased ; almost every framework-knitter brought up his children to the trade , and even their daughters and their wives wrought in

      the frame . During the war the price of food was high ; the passing of the Corn Law , in 1815 , made it higher still ; and the framework knitter , in order that he might live as comfortably as before , worked more boars , by which means the hosiery market became overstocked , and redaction after reduction followed , so that wages became lower and lower , the masters being willing to make , so long as they could sell , and in order to sell , they reduced the wages . Had they not done so , the alternative would have been , that the frames most have stood years ago , and the distress would have come at an earlier period . "

      Was there ever seen , upon the face of the earth before , so strange a jumble of words and muddinsss as this ! And these are the teachings of" an Editor" ! These are the lessons of one of England ' s "best possible public instructors" I one of the freetraders ; one ef the school who alone know the philosophy of Trade , Commerce , and Economy ! Let us pit a working man against this Editor ; a real working man ; not one of the Morning Chronicle sort—who does not know what he is taking about : and let us see what this working man has to Bay about " no new machinery for the making of stockings "; and about '' the high price of food during the war , and after 1815 , making it necessary for the framework-knitter to work longer hours , that he might live as comfortably as before . " Let us see what a man who has toiled in "the

      frame . *; who has experience to guide mm m what he says ; let us hear what this man , although not " a writer" , has to say to Nottingham ' s" best possible pablio instructor" : — Sin , —In tbe Noitinffham Review of last week I perceivtd a sort of an attack on an article which appeared in the Northern Star the week preceding , on the subject of machinery . Some of the remarks of tbe Editor concern the framework-knitting trade , and from them I have quoted the following : — " Thirty or forty years ago prices were high , and there was a brisk demand for hosiery geods ; new frames

      were made ; the number of bands employed in tbe manufacture was increased . Daring the wax the price of goods ran high ; the passing of the Corn Bill , in 1815 , made it still higher ; and the framework-knitter , in order to live as comfortably aa before , worked more hoars , by which means the hosiery market became overstocked , and redaction after reduction followed , so that wages became lower and lower , the master being willing to make so long as they could sell , and in order to sell they reduced wage ? . Had they not done so the alternative wonld have been that the frames would have stood still years ago , and the distress come on at an earlier period . '

      " Now , Sir , this is not the trutb . I am of opinion that ' cheap production" has ruined the stockingmaker , as well as the handloom-weaver , and the cottonspumer . I believe it was not inconsequence cf the high price of food' that framework-knitters were obliged to work more hours ; but in consequence of ' improvement' ( 1 ) in the manufacture of hosiery goods , and competition amongst the manufacturers . " Boon after the time allnded to by the Editor , the jack-tloLl&r machine wu introduced into the manufacture of stockings ; previous to this , " shammies" were made by tbe hand . The invention superseded the former ra « de ef making " shammies . " The race of eompeti'den then began . Hosiery goods were produced in greater quantities . ¦ Shammies' were made faster

      and cheaper ; and tbe ' plain hands' were obliged to work more hoars , because they could not earn near so much mosey as they formerly could on fancy work . Still there was a market ; aud , as ' cheap production ' was now tbe order of the day , to supply that market , new and wider frames were made , to make two stockings at once ; then thro « > t onc « 1 and now we have frames making four and five stockings at once ! I Cotton stockings are making at the present time in Nottingham , at the low price of fourteen pence per dozen pairs ! and silk stockings at six shillings per dozen pairs I '¦ ¦ ' ¦ ¦ ¦" ¦ ¦" . ¦ ' /¦ ¦"¦¦ ¦ " Will any reasonable snan say that it is no injury to the trade to make twenty dozen of cotton stockings for the same money as was paid for one dozen thirty years ago ?

      " Silk gloves at that time were twelve shillings per dozen at the warehouse ; but at the present time they are only five shillings and threepence per dozen I Thi * is in consequence of improvements '\ 1 ) in the making . Silk gloves were made one at once thirty years ago , and fingered from the same frame . Now they are made two hands at once I and figured on the backs with a machine ; and fingered from another frame , si * at one *—a machine laying all tbe threads at once , which threads were formerly laid by the hand ! When this * improvement' was made , there was a market found for the extra quantity produced , for a time ; perhaps ou account of the cheapness of tbe article : but when the manufacturers found that silk gloves bad become the fashion , they began to endeavour to outstrip each other in the race of competition , The warp frame was set to work in tbe making of gloves ; and sow they are made ' for

      little more than the price of the silk ! The markets are glutted ; and the plain silk glove bands forced to subsist on less than half work eight months of tbe year . "You are , perhaps , already aware , that the bobbinnetmachine , or what is called the twltt-machlne , has nearly superseded the makiDg of cushion-lace . When this machine was first invented the workmen got enormous wages , six or seven pounds per week . Some , 1 believe , got as much as ten pounds from narrow machines . Now , the narrow machines are all done awaj with ! machines fonr times their width being worked by tte&m ; and . I believe I am speaking the truth when I say , that tbe same qoaotity of lace which was paid £ 5 fur twenty years ago , is not paid one shilling for at tbe present time III At that time females could earn front twelve to fifteen shillings per week at embroider-Log the lace ; but now the machine dees tbe greatest portion of this work 1

      " The invention of embroidering the lace in the frame has reduced to poverty and wretchedness thousands of iodostrious females who formerly iveri comfuittbly and respectas y by their trade . Will any sane mau say that a repeal of the Corn Laws would remedy this ? I am of opinion that a repeal of the Corn Laws would not remedy tbe evil * attendant on our present system of trade . They are attributable to class legislation , and tbe all grasping avarice of the manufacturers , "who have deprived the poor of the means of subsistence ; and they now foolishly talk to es workmen of an ' extension of commerce , ' as the means of getting us out of the Bituation they have brought us to ! If they had tbe markets of tbe whole world , they would , on their present system , ¦ soon overstock them ; and then have to open a communication with the moon , in order to find out a fresh market , to relieve as from our farther difficulties . "

      " Sir , you may be already in possession of the statements btrein contained ; if not , yon may do as yun likfc with this i I shall not oe offended If you do not notion them . Jonathan Barber , Framework- knitter . Now , what can " the Editor" of the Review say to this ! What can he urge in support of his muddy reasoning , and in controvenion of ibe facib

      adduced by his Reviewer ! Is not the tale told by tbe ** framework-knitter , " something more like truth , than tbe hodge-podge of " the Editor" * At all events , the working man is consistent with himself . He does not say and unsay ia a breath . He does not oontradiot the first seatenoe by the second ; and the second by the next . His tale is straightforward , and hangs together . How far M the Editor's" does so , the reader has seen from what has beea given , and will see from what follows . The Review thus

      eontinueth : — M We contend , that could the workman have obtained his food at a less prioe , he woald have worked fewer hours , the over-produotion would not have been so great , and the supply being not more than equal to the demand , the trade would have been iu a healthy state . We contend that the cause of distress h not in machinery , but in tbe high price of provisions , and principally in those absurd Jaws which prevent the English merchant and manufacturer from bartering tbe produce of thB machine aud the frame for corn and beef from any country or climate in the world . And even were it not to ; could it now be demonstrated tbat machinery had bten the cause of the evila nnder which the uatien latours , the destruction of tbat machinery would not help us ;

      Untitled Article

      were the % rth to open thia morning and swallow every frtme in Nottinghamshire , the miser ; and distress would be vastly increased rather than diminished . The poor man knows , notwithstanding his education has been neglected , and his knowledge is contracted , yet this he knows , that his only hope is in machinery—that this is the instrument with which the British niechamc can , ^ by his skill and industry , cope with the whole world . All he asks is a clear stage and no favour : he seeks justly for the abrogation of those laws which prevent him from taking his Bkill and industry to the best market , and which compel him to buy his food at twice the price for which other , countries would gladly supply him . "

      We have noticed this Benseless emanation of th

      commerce-mad aa we have been , but hate rather declined it , letting it seek us , instead of as seeking it ; that had we kept on as we once werOi making good articles ¦ ef clothing , instead of trash ; maintaining good wages by maintaining good prices , and maintaining both b y giving the workman : his share of the benefits of machinery in decreased labour { fostering and keeping up a good home trade , instead of running over the whole world to find a naked back on a shoeless foot , we should have been in a far different situation from that we find ourselves in :

      point to these things , and you are instantly met with the cry , " It ' s all the effect of our dear food /' "If we had our food cheap , wo should be all right . " "The high price of food compels us to act aa we do . " ¦ ' , ' The cause of distress is not in machihery , or ia our commerce , but in the high price of proviaions . " These are the parrot phrases that meet you at every turn . Let us examine what they are worth . ¦ ¦ -,. - ¦ - ¦ ; - ¦ , - .. : ^ v . . ¦ [¦'¦' -1 \ -

      ' - . *' ¦ Thirty or forty yeara » go , ' quoth , "the writer ?' of Nottingham , " when good prices were given for the making of hose , there was a brisk demandibr them . " Exactly sol When good prices wire given for the making of hose , ^^ the Workman coum afford to make them ! and he could also afford , with his good wages , to purohasa > wine of the hose ^ hen made , and enough of flour , and meal , and beef , and bacon for himself and his family . Exactly bo , ftir . Review ; " thirty or forty years ago , wneW Good

      PRtcBB were given for the iwaWn ^ or hose , there was abrisk demand" for allthese other artioles of trade . Why is there not that brisk demand now ? Why ie not the framework-knitter of the present day able to buy some of the stockings he has made , and the same plenty of flour and beef that he did thirty or forty yfars ago ? Why is he not able to do so now , Mr , Review ^ ot Mr . Fbee Tbadeb f "O ! the high prices of food prevents him . " Does it ? Then food is as high now > or higher , thtkn it was thirty or forty years ago ! " To be sure , it ia ; higher . "

      Thus , then , we get fairly into the question . Now , what are the facts ? The average price of a quarter of wheat ; and wheat is the best standard of prices that can be taken ; it ' governa all the rest ; the average price , then , of a quattar of wheat forty years ago , when " good pbices were given for ^ the viaking of hose " and all other descriptions of manufactures ; the average price of a quarter of wheat then , was 83 s . That is to say , the average price of wheat for the ten years from 1795 to 1809 , was 83 i the quarter . / : ' ' ¦ ' ¦ ,: ' - . ' - '¦ ¦ '¦ \ ' ' . . ' ., - . ... . '¦ ' ; : - The average price of wheat , for the seven years ending Christmas 1841 , as set forth in the returns just published in pursuance of the Act 6 * and 7 Wii IV ., is S 8 s . 6 d . per quarter ! ! ! ! 1

      The high price' of food in 1841 , with wheat at 58 s . 6 d . per quarter , causes the labouring man to have less of provisions , nay , ; even to starve for want of them ; when he could purchase in 1800 enough and to spare , though wheat was then 83 s . per quarter ! ! 1 ¦]'¦ ¦ Ay , indeed , it is the .. *• high price" of food ; in one sense , that has occasioned this ! But not the relative nominal price . The nominal price shows a reduction of 24 s . 6 d . tha uarter : that ia to say , wheat was 24 ? . fid . the quarter cheaper in 1841 than in 1800 . But THis means of the labourer to

      purchase it in 1841 had gone ! The " g ood raiCB given for the making of hose" was no longer given ! Wheat was dear , an < t high-priced , thoHgh 24 s . 6 d . per quarter cfoa ;>« r , becanse the workman had not wherewithal to purchase it . It was dear to 1 the workman : it was cheap to the man ot fixed inpome : for he could , in 1841 , make his money go nearly half as far again in the purchase of provisions , as he could in 1880 1 The pensioner and the einecurist , and the official with a , fixed salary , and the anuitant , and the dividend-ondebt-receiver have not to complain of the "high

      priee" of food ; for the £ 100 they received in 1800 was worth nearly £ 150 to them in 1841 . That is to say , anyof these parties of fixed incomes , received in 1841 nearly ^ 1 50 worth of provisions for their £ 100 , as estimated by the price of wheat in 1800 These parties have clearly benefited by th © fall in prioes of prodnce 1 W . ho else has benefitted ! Has the workman ? : ttiisfithe ; master t Has the wearer of articles of toaanfactnTe 1 No , Bays the Nottingham Review . And yet , the Sappy proposes , as a remedy for ^^ the present state of things ^ a measure which will reduce prices and wages still

      lower ; and , by ' consequence , Bgafn add to the value of these fixed incomes I ! The men with fixed incomes out of the taxes , are no mean p . umber . We raised £ 53 ^ 00 , 000 of money laet year in taxes ; And , nearly the whole of this enormous amount ; " * n amount exceeding by £ 2 , 000 , 000 the whole of our foreign triade for that eame year ; nearly the whole of this monstrous sum is applied to the paying of pensioners ,: allowances , deadweight , sinecures , grants , salaries , dividends , and annuities . Reduce the price of food , and yon add to the value of these incomes ! In fact you add

      to their amount—and to the amount of your taxation ! ! Taxes are fixed money amounts . They do not rise or fall with the prices of produoe ; but they have to be raised from produce . It is unnecessary to say that we do not in England grow the ** precious metale , " as they are termed ; nor do we find " money" springing up spontaneously from the Boil , . But we do grow wheat and rye , and barley , and beanB , and beef , and mutton , and ; wool ; and we produce woollens , aud cottonB , and stocSinge , and hats , and shoes : and it is out of the things we produce ; it is out pf the things that our labour make to be j it ia out © i theie , that the . taxes are taken ! or , to speak more

      correctly , perhaps , it -is" so much of these wi answers to the amount of money in the current prices of the day , that is taken from the produoers as taxes . The taking may be cirouitous ; it may be and is indirect ; it may bo and is unseen ; but still it is a taking , and a taking from the proauoer . Let the prodncer cease to produce ; let ihe land cease to be cultivated by labour ; let the mills cease to teem out : their now endless streams of manufactured wealth ; lei labour stand idle , and we thould Boon see that the taxes and a great many other things would cease to bo paid ! We should then soon discover where they eame from ! We should find out who paid them I

      Taxes , then , and indeed all other heaps of wealth , however accumulated together , come from labour . Tne labour of the country pa-ys the taxes , paya the rents , pays the profits , pays the per centages , and we were going to eay , pays the wages ; but these latter have siaiuly to go unpaid . But the taxes are hot a certain fixed amount or quantity of labour , any more than rents are . Both are fixed amounts of money ; or rather such amounts or quantities of labour as answer to fixed ameunts of tuouey . Let us iHuatTate . In 1800 ^ wheat sold for 83 jj the quarter . Ia 1841 , wheat sold for 58 ^ . 6 d . the quarter . It ia clear that the £ 53 ^ 000 , 000 of taxes raised in 1841 vfould have purohased few of

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      wheat ia 1800 , when the price was 83 s . the quarter , than it would iu 1841 , when the price was 683 . 6 d . In other TrprdB , the farmer in 1841 would have to give nearly half as much again produce as his share of the taxeB , as he had to give in 1800 . So with the producer of hats and stockings , and all other articles . Prioes of all these have &Jlen { andi by consequence , more of each has to bo given to the taxgatherer than had formerly to be given ; Every fall in the prices of articles of produce must entail upon the producer mote labour for the tax-eater ' s use , aa long as the same amount of taxes , valued in money , are raised ! ThiB naust be ^ plainly apparent . There can be no gainsaying it . ; : ; /

      What then is it , in reality , that the advooatea of 'Extension of Commerce" propose ! A reduction in the 1 pricest of food ;^ an d , by consequence , a reduction in the prices of all other articles of produce . This involves an increase of taxation in the exact ratio that prices of produce are reduced ! ¦ Whatever miy be that reduction , whether one ^ four th ^ one-tiiird , or one-half ; juet so much more labour will have to be given ; by the labourer to the taxeater . And this m& cauise tiie labourer to have " cheap food" ! Qa ±$$ m ye , ye yarlets ! ye know better ! ' / - :. s ^ - ¦ ' : "' . ' . ' : ¦ ' ¦ ; ' -7 / - "' ^ — : "

      Were the measure of "Extension" to pass , aud were it to effect a reduction in prices of one-fourth , that reduction would cause us to have to give to the taxeatera , produce ( valued at our present prices , } to the amount of £ 66 , 000 , 000 annually , insU ad of £ 53 , 000 , 000 . 7 If the measure effected a reduction of onethird in prices , we should have ti give produce to the amount of £ 70 , 000 , 000 for taxes , instead of £ 53 ^) 00 , 000 !! " : Should the reduction amount to one-half upon the present prices , we should be taxed to the tune of £ 79 ^) 00 , 000 annually instead of £ 53 , 000 ^ 00 !! J

      Q ! rare ¦ ** cheap food *'! Famous and M cheap " for the tax-eater ! famous and '' cheap" for the men with fixed incomes ! famous and " cheap" for the pensioner , the salaried drones ^ the dead-weight men , the half-pay men , the annuitants , and the debtdividend recipients ! Famous and "cheap" for these parties ; but how " cheap" for the people ? Hovr " cheap" will it be to the producer , already bowed down to the earth with taxation ; how " cheap " will it be to him , when he has more of his labour to give to the tax-eater than he gives noiol How " cheap ? . will it be to the workman , who has to produce more before he can touch for himself i We should like to see S appy try to answer these questions .

      No wonder that the means of the working people to purchase food and clothing are gone ! Every reduction in thepriceof produce has been accompanied by a more than corresponding reduction in the ^ wages of labour ; and every reduction in both of these has enhanced the real amount of taxation upon the producer 7 !! He hasj in every instance , had more to produce to pay the tax-eater , before he could put one mouthful of what he produced into his own stomach } Thus have his wages decreased and : his taxes increased * And yet our : fools of manufacturers are not content with what has already been done in this

      way I They want more of it . ' They seek for further reduction in prices and wages , and for increased taxation 1 In 1841 , the nominal amount of taxation raised from the producers of wealth , was , as has been before stated , £ 53 , 000 , 000 . But the real amount of taxes ; that is to say , the amount of produce taken to pay the taxes , when valued in the prices of 1800 , was £ 75 , 000 , 000 ! ! ! Is there any wonder that the means of purchasing food are gone 1 Let the labourer and the shopkeeper and the manufacturer ponder over these facts . Let them look into the

      question of high and low prices . Let them get some little below tho surface ; let them dive into it in all its bearings ; and we fancy they will come to a far different conclusion from that which the " great" manufacturers have arrived at ; that another reduction of prices and wages , and an increase of ; taxation will be a good- ! They Will see that common justice points out that before any steps he taken that will reduce the prices of produce and the wages of labour , an equitable adjustment must be come to with the tax-eater , and the fund-lord . Bare , naked , common justice points out this as the very first step ! If the Corn Law Repealers are prepared to entertain and grapple with this question ,

      they shall have ooE aid : if they do not do it ; or if they are not willing to do so , every obstacle that we can throw in their way , to prevent them from giving more of the labour of the workman to the taxeaters , shall be so thrown J These are the parties who are sucking the little marrow left in the bones of the working people out of them ; and We are not inclined to join those who are for giving them greater hold ) f Eqditable adjostubnt , master millowners ; and then for a Repeal of the Corn Laws . Here are the terms . of union , if you please ; agree upon them ; ratify the bargain ; and then at it we go to get power to do both the one and the other ! What say you , Messrs . the millowners !

      £ o uiTABLR Adjustment : this is imperatively needed . If the taxes in 1841 had been adjusted only to the prices of produce in 184 l , as compared with tho prices in 1800 , though the amount of these taxes is ten times more than ought to be raised ; but if the taxes in 1841 had been adjusted to the prices of produce , we bhould only have had rai-cd from us the sum of £ 37 , 000 , 000 instead of £ 53 , 000 , 0 ( 10 !!! Adjustment is needed !

      We have not done with this subject . We are in possession of some strange information as to the attempt of a Mr . Heakd , of Nottingham ( one of a recent deputation to Sir Robert Peel , to press upon him an alteration in the Corn Laws ) , to further reduce the wages of labour paid to his framework knitters ! We are in poBsession of the tables or scales of wages promulgated by tue masters themselves , for a considerable period passed . TheBe tables we shall endeavour to Use , in proof of our positions upou this question ot questions ; aud we shah also have someihing to say of aud coucerawg Mr . iiBARD , the anti-Corn Law deputy , who is trying to prepare himself 10 meet the '' new circumstauces" 61 the labourers by reducing their'wages } Mr . Heard has begun too soon ! He haslet the cat out ! He should have waited a wee ! i

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      THE NEW CORN BILL DEBATE . Tfls reader will see that we have given at considerable length the " debate , " as it is called , that has been had in the "House" on the new Corn Bill . Whether a perusal of it will repay the trouble , i 3 for 6 very ona who takes that troublo to say : but there the " wise fiaying ^ " are , for him to iread and reflect upon ! One thing is certain ; the new Corn Bill wili pass into ; law . This is acknowledged by the Morn .-ing Chronicle , the organ of the Leaguers ; and all

      the bluster and vapouring ef the ami-Corn Law gentry out of doors will not prevent it . Then , where is the uBe of it 1 The fact is , Peel for the present is safe with his majority in the Commons , and his whole House of Lords . He will carry his measure : and this will show tha tmdingclasBee , that , if they want to grapple with the landed iuterest the must join the people for thbChaetfr , Will they do this now ? Or will they wait and see

      whether Pbbx has anything more insulting va : 8 tore for them ? In either case we shaU be eatished . We know they can do no good either for themselves or the people with the House covstnvsvaaaU is ; and we have long been busied prepariiig the people generally with this belief , and for the course ot action / resulting from such belief . If the trading classes choose to join the people ' s movement , well aid good . If hot , the people will go oh , and do vntheut them /

      The Chronicle of Monday Eays : — 11 Sir Robert Peel ' s Corn Bill does not appsar likely to lead immediately to any Berious division iii his party , or to break up his Government . Tie Duke ot Buckingham b retirement turns out , as wo ¦ alvsaja supposed it , affliere part of the Mi ? iisterial arrau « e-

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      ment for carrying it : the sincerity ¦ ¦ ofColonelMb ^ thorp ' s opposition will be neutralised by hb absurdity ; and Mr . Christopher ' s amendment only suggests to us a notion that , fired by the Duke of BQckingbam ' s example , he thinks that he may get a garter , or eomethiug that it isas valuable to him as a gaiter , out of the crisis , by putting himself at tho head of the squires , and delivering them into the hands of Peel . With some half dozen excepti 6 ns » the helpless squires will growl and succumb ; ana Sir Robert will carry his Bill and retain office . We should grieve if we thought it would turn out otherwise . " : - '; ' ' ' : ¦ . ¦¦' : ... ' ¦ ¦ :- .. ¦' •"• : ' : " . ' . ¦

      There to comfort ibr the Corn Law Repealers ! Maugre all their antics , "Sir Robert . will carry his Bill , and retain office ! ' ? So says the Chronicle . And he says also he should grieve tf he thought it would turn out otherwise . " What will the " freer traders '' think now of their pet organ ! Has not he driven them to a- pretty market ! One Bpeech in this debate we binnot but call especial attention to ; the speech of Mr . BpsFiELb Febband . Hisstyjeof oratory ^ for " that House , ' ' is new . 7 There is a great amount of ibcth in it ; and it is plainly told .

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      The O'ConnoA Triumphal Cajiu——Those friends who are desirousof [ obtaining achance forthis splendid car must forward their subscription ( sucm pence ) immediately to W . Cordevx , 26 , Mick / e ; ga te ,, as but very few chances remain unsold . The lottery will be drawn on Tuesday , the first of '¦ - ' ¦ March . ; . 7 . ' ¦ ¦ ' . ' ; . ' ¦ 7 ... ¦' ¦;¦ ' : ' :: \ ' \ - ¦ _ - ¦ . ¦ ¦ . ' - . ¦• ¦ ... T . M . Wheeler , London correspondent of the ; Northern Star , would feel obliged by parties washing his attendance at any meetings to inform him thereof , at his residence , 7 , Mills Buildings , Knightsbridge . As this is too often neglected , andrhe \ sltfttoh £ dr ; ofthwfc doing disappointment will be prevented . ; Joan Williams , wife of Zephaniah Williams , returns Mr warmest thanks ' to the female Chartists of Selby for their kind favour .

      J . B- Smith . — -We think : he and his friends take a pery short sighted view of the matter . The charges of ^ treason" to all honesty of public principle urged by -various parties against Mr . R . JV Richardson are by no means matters apr-¦¦'' ¦ pertaining to" that gentleman ' s private liuwe-- mints and biisiness , " nor have they any * reference to indiscretion in the advocacy of Chartist principles . " They are clear arid distinct charges of as black treachery < as any man can be guilty of . Mr . Richardson is a public manj he is the editor of a professedly Chartist newspaper ; he has had some influence with the people ;—if the charges against Aim be true he is a villain , against whom it is necessary for the

      people to be cautioned : tf they be false they arc wicked and malicious slanders , which it is right that an opportunity should be given him to meet and reply to . We have long offered him that opportunity , and we offer it him now through the same medium which promulgated the charges . He has hitherto declined to meet them ; and we have little expectation that he will meet them now . There can be no mistake about this matter—Mr . Richardson is either a very ill used man , or a scoundrel : ice earnestly wish to believe him the former , but until he shall have met and replied fairly to the charges of Joseph TAnney , James Wood , Paul Fdirclough , Samuel Chamberlnin t Henry NuttalL James Wheeler ^ James Harrison ^

      James Leach , Thomas Davies , George Mitchell , and Robert Gray , we must and shall believe him '¦ ' the latter . ¦¦/¦" ¦ ,- / -- ¦ > " ¦ ' -. . . "¦ . : . ¦ ¦ ¦• - A Woolwich Cadet . —We do not recollect receiving the letter a fortnight ago of which he speaks We are sorry to be compelled to omit his present favour ^ The present Parliamentary Session it ~ ohe of some importance to the people , and during its sitting toe shall be compelled to omit allcorres-- pondence . I 7 .. :.. ;"' . ; ; : ' - ^ . 77 ¦ " ; ; - . . ' - ' What one MaK can DO . —On « solitary Chartisi a working man , living at Sheerness , having obtained a few petition heads , and a sheet has , by his own exertions at evenings after his work was done , procured two hundred , signatures in five

      nights . He has sent for more sheets and petition heads . We commend his example to the attention of ' all Chartists . v Wi& .- ^ MemonalisethePosttnasier-Generaii * 7 Robert Walker , Stawvuov . — -Send them as they are , by all means . Never mind how much sullied they are , they will be as clean as the hands they jure to go into . . : ' . Y-. --7 " - " - •• : 7 - -7 . ; - : ''[¦¦ , ' .. Belfast Chahmsts . —We are sorry to refuse them ; but we cannot just now spare so much space as . their long letter would occupy . : 7 :.- : ' - Edwakb Clayton . —The point in his letter is one to which the Stett has been continually directing the attention of its readers , and of which we shall certainly not permit them to lose sight . We have not room at present for his letter . A -Lovebov Truth . — -lP 7 i « n he calls for names and

      addresses should give his own . We advise him to 7 ' send his question to Mr . Edward Baines , of the Leeds Mercury ^ who will , we have no doubt , have great pleasure in answering hint . Charles Mannder . —We know of no remedy . He may memorialise the Postmaster-General ; but we fear he will be littlerbetiet for that .:: George Julian Habney has received Is . M . from the ; Chartists of Ecclesfisld for the Convention . Several unpaid letters Aace been returned to the PostQffice . ; Ibish Universal Suffrage AssoctAXiov . —E . F . Ikmpsey begs have to inform Mr . Cameron that - Mr .- Stevenson delivered the two bundles of ,. Northern Stars , and was paid three shillings for the carriage . 7 > ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ . •¦ . ' • ¦ ¦' . - . ¦ ¦ '" . ¦ - ¦¦' at

      Some Friend ? ^ Mold , in Flintshire , desire to know if any Welch Chartist publications are to be bought . ,: J . B ., Belper ^ may communica te with Mr . O ' Connor ..- ¦ . ¦ ¦ at this office . ¦ -z : v ' . -7 : ' ¦ : ¦ ¦ ' "'¦ ¦ ' ¦ : . ' . V . ¦¦ .- ¦ ¦ ' •' ¦ John Mabkham . —With the liberty allowed in his present note the address and reply shall appear . P . ANderson .- —7 %€ correspondence he has sent would make nearly six columns in the Star . We cannot devote so much space to it . John Grady . —Before we insert his notice , we must know his reason for wishing it . . Halifax—Alt communications for the ensuing year to be directed to Joseph Thornton , Barum-top . Me . T , 7 b . Smith returns h's thanks to his friends at Holteck tor their kind token of remembrance , aa < 2

      hopes in a little time to be again amongat them . J ; Cleave has received a Sabscription freifl Bloonu buty Charter Association—For Mr . Holberry , 2 s 6 d . ; for Mre . Frost , 2 s . ; and for Mrs . Robert * , '_ of Birmingham , 2 s . : ; V ; : ; : : ' : Per Mra . Frost—Wm . Humphrey , Lambethi 2 s . 6 < J . ; A . Beet , mto , If , ; — Venion , ditto , Is . j 0 . Sarklng , Walworth , lF ; w "

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      Hull— -The Shareholders in Hull are requested to call at Mr . R . Lundys , 2 . 5 , MytonRate , on Wednesday evening next , the 27 th of February , at levea o ' clock , and produce their Scrip . J . STEIN , ^ L yA— All will be enclosed . Macclesfield . —Thoraaa Cotterill , sub-Sacretary to the Natienal Chatter Association , Middlewieh , desires the eub-Secretary st ; Maccleafleld to send him bis address , in order that he inayoommunicate . ¦ . - ¦; with .-hlm . ; . - . 7 ;; . . ¦ . . ' . : ¦¦ ; ¦ ¦¦ : .:: I . ::. : ¦ '' : ¦ ; ¦ •/¦ 7 : - '"' - - / . 7 G . LARKINj WALLWORTH . —NO . M . Burks , Do « DEE . —The Plates were sent to Hull ¦ . three weeks ago . ¦ , •¦ ¦ ' - ¦; : ¦ .- ¦ . .: ¦¦; ¦ ¦'¦ ¦• ¦ . ' , 7 . : ' --l . . - . ^

      FOB THE EXECUTIVE . ; . ' > - ¦¦ . . . : . - ;; . 7---: : - . 7 ¦ : .- £ . ± < l From an old Radical , Hull ... ... 0 5 a „ Vim Stanfield , MUl-bridge ( Pindert Blacking ) ... .. ; 0 0 8 > , »; Fisher and Co ., rule-makerf , HaU ... .. ; ,. ; ... OS 2 TOR XHB CONVENTION . Fr « m an old Radical , Hall ... ... 0 6 «; ' a hater of Whig and Tory Vil . nanies at Ctesett ( Jommon ... 0 2 6 ' . « , f « ur frienda of Chartism , at Horbary ... ... ... ... 0 2 0

      POa THB WIVES AND FAMILIES OF THK iNCARCERATED CHARTISTS . From G . t » rkto , Walwoith .,. ... 0 0 6 FOR MRS . FROST—THE f ? WHIG-MADB WIDOW . * From abater of Whig and Tory Villanieaat Ossett Common ... p 2 6 ¦¦ ¦ : ' .: mi foar friends of Cbartiam , at Hotirary . A . i . ; ... ... .-. p . 2 0 ^ a few friends at Bamber Bridge ! : petWvtiddle .... ... ... •»» « . Stoke , per J . Livesey ... I « •¦¦ ~ - ¦ ¦" . „ ¦¦¦¦ ¦ : ¦ ¦ ' T . SUrkey ... 2 ¦« .: ¦ -. ¦ - ;¦ - ¦ ¦ . '• ¦ .. ¦ ¦ r :- - . ' . " - - ' - ^'• ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ : ^~ -. e * o '"

      w FOB P . M , M'DOUALt . Prom a hater ^^ of Whig wad Tory TiU lanies at Ossett Common , i . ? s f - „ : ¦ four friend * of Chartists , at Horbury ... .. ; .. ; ... 03 $ " ~ W . F . Fediey , CambezveU , London ... ... ... ... 0 0 S ¦ ¦ - v . ¦¦ ¦ : , . . : ¦> FOR MRS . JOKBS . . i From the Females of Perth ... ... 0 SO

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      ^ bCABioBocoH . —Mr , Pepper preached here on Suuuay-. The usual meeiiug was held on Monday . T ; ie people are looking anxiously for O'Connor . Many Corn Liwrepeaiern are declaring 7 for tho Charter , difcappointeQ with Peel ' s bantlinjr . ¦ . Wabringtow . —At a fe-reat public meeting held 02 Monday , to dtuouuceVeel ' s CornL ^ w Me asure , and dumaiiu a toial-repeal , the Chartists mustered and carried the Uouai umeudnieut with a trtmendous majority . . . - ' / ' ¦[ ; : ¦ - ¦ -: / : ' ¦ ¦; : "¦ ¦ ' ¦' .. . . ' . - . ¦ ¦ ; .

      Ftii Asfaws An* Coyr^Potttiettt^

      ftii aSfaWS an * Coyr ^ potttiettt ^

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      i __ - - ¦ -- ¦ •' -. . . T . B ^ : ' N > O-BrT | t ^^ V

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Feb. 19, 1842, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct879/page/4/