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&&imfit
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ITHE I^OETHEE^ STAR ! SATURDAY, APRIL 17, 1841. 1
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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_ _ r £ ET PAPERS , Nos . H and 15 . Pavey , I * " London . «^ nro nnmtwrs are of an onusuallj stirring ^^ r ^ M character , and not aa admirer of & 31 . ^ j ftesder 'hoald for a moment—they will not Bid ^ lTlb e " without them . It is not that we we n * J t froni Mr- Otstler ' a own pen in eisher j ^ re ^^ w little we We is of the usual sterling aciabe r ; j js \> err » ded with the eloquence and e&TQUifiiyi ^ artedness of the -writer ; but it is on pesi S 960 ^ very appropriate and cuttingly severe accost « , ^^ guce from the workers in Mr . J . G . q ^^ Vown mills , by way of contrast against his Jtef ® ? rmeiiXioas of tbe landed aristocracy for beatJ fe ^ " charges inea with , that the two the f ^ on us are so interesting and valuable . cna ^ j g , MaTshall has thaadertd away his _ ££ * : 3 s 1 ' r ' gzpe shop amongst the aristocracy , for ( * rtil ] s their inhumanity and want of feeling ,
* £ <*^ -in ffieaBt terms , what will he say to tbe K&'iH % e " Old KiDg" has thrown into his bDs b e TETT shot ° f wilich tells ^^ terrible effect k ^ ' ^ ken from his own store-house ? Oastler ' »» - H ^ jnd continues his broadside : — ^ ^ mt , Hr . J- «• Marshall , the Flax-spiuner , ! ° ^^ TsiKT reTanTj . Has made Mnuelf very proirf ^ jfaKr * Eirl Rttwilliani to task . IEiBSl ' - « not my int ^ * ° interfere in their quarrel , > * i Loot penni : such an opportunity to pass an- ] tsi ¦> j I rieye to think that a noblMDan should , b * ** _ fmrvradaice , nav * given the millocra-s a . ( *> - ^ *^ f TriSea w a ^ y **» destruction of Ms I Jifi W I ' S oPe E *^* * never-to-be-snfficiently-deprecated j " ^ naaJioa ' to pay no more taxes—his close con- ; fsesss 3 ^\ aitant friendship with the Leeds re- \ ^^ bTitr ^^^ ' «» b ^ ead the King , ' and * 0 = 3 S !« ai > ed ** &B Qnsen !'— k * s * renaoTi 3 support j ¦^ ' - ^ - pojy Liir , and other matters in Earl ; < £ -4 A ][ i Bolitkal career , render him a vulnerable I
J * , . j j i jfcall not interfere in the dispute , I -Jt ^ T rood ssrrice to my country , if , by his works , r ^ roi -rtffl *** Trt 3 t this champion of liberty is , Lf > , V nBOHtaien to thraw a lance at Earl Fits-^ ° " y-fo u fldi friend of the \ rorklng classes ? te ^ tiL libB * I reformer ? The following staters rMSui jon ia calculating the character of this y ^ - ^ yea otdet They may also serve to convince P * VJJj ^ England , * & ** nothing will be gained P Li * % { be miUocr&ts should happen , unluckily Ef < a 3 e * ci « o ^ 1 * Dc 5 eat debility—the disyraes of the ° ~ a ^ d * t thty hsve been keeping company with tl' -ttkS srlocats . aad haTe takrii some lessons ** * i ^ ai book ; e ^> Eot a nobleman could have a --kad « " *! * croJ ' ty ^""^ ' exfciable , and
^' co a . iK&sire , u th * accursed > ew Poor Law . ** I' tcs , tJM UnS wds of England , instead of listening n stnd ' l 3 naiS yf 3 lselTeSj With tfae mUlocraU ' J 134 ajjEateT ibe rijtts and independence of your lacureISl -4 J , in place of sacrificing tfce latter , by dcUerki flw « F *• tendtiP mercles of tbe ^ rmer , you sd tECSiwd snd prorected their labour in your fields , # shosHws bow hste witnessed a Leeds flax-spinner ai ^ ai fcMe Bsrl Etz william and his orirT Tritii JbKn bwi &ad nmrder ! It is not , however , the ts tinsdatSian las been charged with reproving I' ne &eS which 1 shall relate , selected , at the omeat & » 2 miEy irore , will prove how much brass ' cr . is-Rbes ! required to enable 3 Ir . J . G- MarshaJl -t .- ^ ssi ir the Mi as the public champion of liberty
c sses ! " XTc « 5 d , S . T , inpublisbin ? the subjoined extracis , the ma&j soment . i 3 solely because I think it fonot to ¦• rani tbe aristocracy , aud to induce them leave c-fsrildiiEg with the philosophy of the ' libeia ! d = ^ iizaed" licto ry moTss ' . er . The XbW Poor Law czlj inbasch of the Factory yystem , intended t » : Te \ be MiJtaitnral pwr into the factories . ' ¦ 1 iiii a * had to travel far for the extracts which ioTT— ± et sre ai seleeted from o ? : e volaine . viz .- — be Rswri of it * Sdeet Committee on tbe Factories ' j £ ir , « ict , printed by order of the House of Comas , te of August , 1132 . ' Thfeie exiracta all refer 'Li ¦ sf ^ -ptopie of ill- Marshall , the fiax-spini : er of -is laj firfrsbury . If naore shoolj be required , sum TolmEs will supply them . I have no roam r-.-. i » r ^ : ; tifyiited n one : —
My rssr is tt- ^ MsrshalL I live Leeds . I was i ii Djiisster . I am seventeen years old- 31 y : eris cai Be was guard of a coach . 31 y mother ir tj Lseds when I waa tins years old . to seek work ti . 1 rot Tcai il Mr . Marshall ' s ia mill , in : er-2 i 3 i " I left tfcsre becaus = it was 50 dusty ; it i ~ i ffiise , that 1 coaid scarcely speik . It affected health . I ihaold no : have lived long if I had not Tie fifarr-bell was a doleful sound to me , Hy = i -rzt desd , mj Eiothtr was v ^ ry poorly off , and slstsr sad I did iriit we could for h = i ^ I hare a emit a : hour in the factory . 1 could scarcely t : > zx ; I mi exceedingly fatigued at night . Sjme-= s I hid to be ' toiled' home . I have an iron on
right kj—mj knee is contracted . It was a great try to as to wcri . 1 was straight before . My it his tsrasd me up to bed many a time . I have a sa cii-paiJSit of the l = sos Infiraaary nearly : lTr rnxii , and this las ; win : er I have b * en into IiLtarj ti" -weets . I * a under Mr . Chorley ; fc v ~ iNta on xo mj legs , -which cost the In-¦ ary £ i I hmgone with gTrat difficulty to the mill , m c-. Cidas : tell aaj-bodj viai I suffered . Xbey could K'ifttae , I xa sar * . i ! I did . My mother was to
« 7 tmt ^ j-y see desit -Frith ; cried , but c-xi : sat leep me it home . I was obliged to go , ¦ rise fis ; i « th » streets . I went to the mills as long II coii At last I cried , and used to fall back in V vhs ± jt called me , so tha : taey could not find » M 3 lam to « ad me . I bow live with mj mother . » Ci 3 Kj fca exijuinfcd me thoroughly ; he says it ria > xz racing , ml that the marrow is dried np ¦ t = or , e the boas . He says , that when the marrow V irisd ik , it Till nsTer be farmed again- ' W Ciadsi Bcaa , sUsss - . —
¦ inr-B 5 a S 8 , Dake-street , Leeds . I am thirteen » = all I beaa to -work in Mr . MirshaU 's flax mill » - 1 ra aas ? eight years old ; I was then a bobbin-^ B ; - ^ 5 Torled from kj in the morning to seven > " ' l ^* ^ tortT nnsn * . es allowed for dinner : B p ^ 2 c Hb-rzaee for breakfast or » f fcemoon * drint-• I vaTgrj much tired and fatigued ;—as soon as wstraai , u > d bk by the fire , 1 fell asleep directly « - . * rwiiu » eBi io - rarkit Mi . Ltigbisn'sflax mill . B .-r . JK ^^ edto si : down in Mr . Marshall's null ¦ pS ^ Vhole day : TJ trs did , tre ihonld get « ea : n a a coauaonftjEg for the children to be »«• I hd s erter - ^ q ^ Qjfcgd &l j ^ . Marshall' s ^ s sftkOied there . Ths overlooker behaved very 0
¦ ' - . - * aadrea . TThaj my sister was working = ^ - 2 : ia ti 2 i « st of the children also . I * •* t « attend & night school , or a Sunday K ^ -Vij * ^^ ^ S : U 3 day moniing . I should ' tii Cr Te gone * ° n ; 'SDt school , bat I could X . *** ^^ Sais that are so over-worked conm- -aisae to be one of great hardship and suffer-K . . v ? 88 * 3 ? tnhappy indeed ; when they want ¦ " ¦ /'" p fcsai , it is so dusty , they cannot eat it ; K ^ X - ^ 0 il 6 d ' itis » ^ naty . They lose their B " ^^ thsrn *** U 1 > * ^ ^ ey ^ t 0 M ^ - ^ y of ^^ die . They are almost W \ , ~*« S their meals . B = in so dusty , they are W ' -ba the ? mat home azfin . ' l ^^ an :-
fc b ° f ^ " ^ Tears old . I have been en-^ C ^ wVer in the flix mill of Mr . Marshall . M ^ T . . ^ ° ' ''ork are frt-m sis to seven . When iUr ' ' &om Sve to nin - night ! They M ^/^ r cikuUa for dinner ! ^ o time is allowed > K ; J ^ T "' dri ? king ;• Tie chUdren put tbe fooa ¦ t ^ -tu " ^ catL Soaietimes , -when i hiil feT ' * li'ejsr 6 PriTeated getting it at all ; , ftrtS ^ j ^! tai e ^ tome ae ^ n . Sometimes it is ; ¦ sWc « rLrt reDder *< nnfit to eat The dust ' » T& - V'V r <»« ascelyBfce each other ! In the [ z ^ xSx i ?^ hzjxss about ttieir moutha , while . Kg , i : " ^ -s ' '«> d ' Soiaetinies , in those dusry I ¦ TvJ , t ? . f * 1 ? Uien 1 apnetites . and thev cannot
i B I-xi fejf * ^ ^ d girls with a strap , to make . are dgSft ^ "tea they are fatigued , and tired , L Ttu Zj ** " * tifcm werse to make them keep [ ^ P *<^ aSVsv , '" ^^ IPea ft : rf ' ^ children are V - ^ J > p ?! i ; ^ encovra 9 Uk orertooken I H aaa « L . KaP * are about one foot and a half W ' L - m $ ? v * itck ** the erd of BOme rf them « I ¦ ' - sisv , P- ^ cb- they beat th * m with , k H r ^ i 6 ifl ~ T € or **¦ tbongB . They are regur B- ^ S ^ ai v P ^ 1 ? 0 ^ 1 f niesa they are driven I ¦ ' » aEt feJ ' iv _ y ttEntt get the quantirr of work > » -e ^ fcT " T ^ ire Snfed M " " beat € D - g Bteir b ^ . , 'P ^ iug to one another!—for comb-^^' - ^ oT ? . ' * aihiug themselves : —or cleaning ¦ " at ^ f ™* % anything , so as to go home B . j » tlj ^ v , ^* J H 8 DO * a ° 'we < i * o do any such ^¦ Ce it ^^* * M BTiics on evt-r iui waM t -nrofonnd
1 , »* t K" ™** Tbe children were exceedingly K 4 * Js ^ ^^ 01118 of kbour are too long for » ¦ fi 3 » u ^* J ^ ben they go home , if they get * m ~** - v « ^ ^^ ^ ^^ p ^ s few B » 2 , S ^ t- ™* spinning rooms are very much 4 - < rfco ^ <* i team . In winter , the clothes of ft . * fef * * stance ^^ be frozen to their S : 6 i ! ^! 5 f W ( 1 ! e they get home . I have 9 « Jn « lonS ^ bour , from five to nine , con-U M ^^^ W ^ moatil * together . When the chil'M ! ^^ W ^ t 0 n 5 &aDeuce of illness , from t , very w ! Bor fe ^ r ^ rr i tte master neither pays their I , 9 < w » ^ . p r ^ 0 '! ^ " ^* B o » y riaiw * are coming >; I « 8 » j j ?* ' ^ " ^ jmeraU . y to come round , rj W ' ** ^ S' * ' ° * ttU us to dean , and get cur I mfcir > 2 or Zj " * V »« Jl &e time . There irzs no J m- t 7 « eajF pwi ^ ufrg , ffe visitor * vxre I Wfvkt ^ P »* : — *^ « M 3 d thirty-iidiie ^ informed tie
eom-I- m 7 f * nT"i . V ae factories when I was about » » A * * , J ^^ worked in nine different fac-K - « A su ^? * '> factory , there is M much 3 M !* *^ Jr ^^ 1 " 1 spoiled , as -wiil halfteep f W " ?» lk i \ LIJ Ibe' * Qit in the mills produces & ¦ " r ^ Z T ^ —it lames them . The wo : k 5 » ^ if ;^ thi Tltmost P « ssiHe we can S I * arf done ^ ibont resorting to flog-V ™« ce for acy to speai . to aaotier-
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ThB water naed for hot-spinninf , is heated to 110 to 120 degrees . The children have almost continually to plunge their hands and arms in that water . The heat of those rooms and the steam , almost macerates their bodies , aad their clothes are steamed and wet When the masters go into the room . * , they do not IooX to the fatigue of the children ; but if every one is not doing tbeir work , there is a sharp look out after them . If they fall sick , it is hardly tbenght twice about , but they are s « nt home directly . The employers have abundant opportunity of noticing ihe excessive fatigue of the children employed ! It is not allowed to have seats at all . They are not allowed to epeak to each other . I never knew an overlooker discharged for cruel conduct If a child complains of ill-usage , Bhe gets dischargedthaH is all the redrew she can have . Tbe present system is ruining the rising generation j it ia sacrificing the children for a paltry consideration i
" Samuel Downe , of Hunalet Car , near Leeds , reports as follows : — I am twenty-nine years of age , I am a native of Shrewsbury . I was about ten years old wh « n I began to -work , at ilr . Marshall ' s mill at Shrewsbury . When we were brisk , we used generally to begin ' at five in the morning , and run till eight at night Tbe engine never stopped , except forty mluutes at dinner time . These long hours were very fatiguing . The children were kept awake by a blow or a box 1 Very considerable Beverity * w&s used in that mill ! I -was strapped most severely , till I could not bear to sit npon achair without having pillows and I was forced to lie upon my face in bed - at one tims ! and through that I left I was strapped on my legs , and then I -was put on a man ' s back and strapped ! and then I xna strapped and bncfcled tritii two straps to an iron pillar , anu flogged !! After that , the overlooker took a piece of tow , aDd
twisted it m the ab&pe or a cord , and put it in my mouth , aad tied it behind mj head . ' He thus gugged me , and then he ordered me to run ronnd apart of the machinery , and he stood at one end , and every time I came round , he struck , me with a stick , which I believe was an a&h . plant , and which he generally carried in bis hand , till one of the men in th © room came and begged me off . ' ! At one time I was beaten go , that 1 had not the power to cry at all ! . ' I -was then between ten and ele-ren years old ! It was winter time , and we worked by gas-light , and I could not catch the revolutions of the machinery , to take tbe tow out of the hackles ; it require * some liltl » « Tparisnoo , and I -woa timid » t it , and pricked my fingers very much with the hackles . I cannot assign » ny other reason for it . ' He -was not diacharged Jrom the rnilL We were never allowed to sit ! We were not allowed to talk!—not at all , by no means ! If this man heard us , he came to us with his stick ! Young women were beaten as well as young
man .-" . T-nafha-n Qovme's statement follows : — ' I reside in L = eds . I am twenty-five years old . I £ rst -went to wcrk at 11 r . Marshall ' s mill -when I was seven years old . Very severe methods were adopted , in order to compel us to work their long huuis . I haTe seen boys knocked do-srn "with a strap : they have been called from their work , flogged , and then knocked down on the floor ; and whea they hava been on the floor , they have been beaten till they have risen , and when they have riien , they have been flopged to their work again ! That was very common ! 1 know many ¦ who have been bound to pillars , and then flogged—it is quite common to do so : Females were alss chastised ! Xo means were taken to remove the overlooker who
iiflicted such extreme chastisement ! If we had complained to Mr . Marshall , we should have been discharged ; and whatever hand was turned away from Mr . Marshall's , Mi . Beayon -would not employ ; and whatever hand was turned away from Mr . Benyon ' 3 , Mr . Marshall would net employ;—and these were the only two mills ia Shrewsbury . I have known a mother of two children , in Mr . Marshall ' s employment at Shrewsbury , knocked down by the OVtrlobker ! Horseman , the manager , will go to the overlookers , and , if they have not done something severe , he will say , ' I have never heard of your doing anything —you hive never quarrelled with any ef the hands—do something , that I may hear of it , and I will stand your friend r It is the usual practice so prepare mills ,
previous to thtir being inspected by strangers . It is a frequent thing at Mr . Marshall ' s mill , where the least children are employed , . there are plenty working at six years of age . ' , ! provided a child shonld be drowsy , the overlooker walks round the room , - with , a stick in his hacd , and he touches that child on the shoulder , and say ? , Come here . ' In the corner ot th « room , there is an iron cistern—it is filled with water ; he takes this boy up by the legs , and dips him overhead in the -cistern , and sends Mm to his werk for the remainder of the day . ' and that boy is t » stand , dripping as he is , at his w ^ rk ! he has no chance of drying liiin * felf ! That is the punishment for drowsiness !—for other offences there is a st « K > l fixed up at the end of the roem ; tb « boy who offends is put xo stand on this stool , sometimes on both legs , and sometimes on one of his legs , with the other np , a ^ id he Itas 3 lerer to bear in his handl , raised and . stretched ever hvs head -. and there be baa to
stand , fur ten , or fifteen , or thirty minntes , just as the overlooker ehooses ; and , provided he should lower his arms , and it is a grtat weight to bear for a quarter of an hour , t I have seen the overlooker go and say , * hold cp : ¦ aid sometimes the boy will try to hold it np , and yet not have strength to raise it , and the overlooker cuts him with his stick , uatil he does actually get it np , and the -tears wilt run down his face when he is there staudicg I I haTe seen this done there frequently —it : s tbe regular practice ! We have a Tast number of cripples . Some are crippled from losing their limbs —mauy from standing too Jong Jt first begins with a pain in tbe ankle ; after that , they will ask the overlooker to Ut them sit down—but they must not Then they begin to be weak in the ki . ee—tht-n knotk-kneed —after that , their feet turn out—they become splayfooted , and-their ankles swtll aa big as ray fists . I know many deformed in the way described . '
' The perusal of such horribly disgusting , cruel details , showing by what means Mr . J . Q . Marshall haa been made a rich man , makes the heart sick , and throngs the mind with thoughts that require well balancing , before they are expressed in words . " ^ Vho does not f eel hi 3 blood creep through his veias at tie foregoing recitals of the deliberate , cold hearted , and barbarous slow murder of the young children of tbe factories ! Good God ! and 13 a man in prison for- exposing these enormities ; and for &&-vocating-htimaniiy to tbe pallid , deformed , wasting , and perishing victims ! We ba ? e read that our
forefathers in Dmidical days made baskets of wicker work , rudely shaped in the form of man , and then filled them with human offerings whom thty burned alire to appease or gratify their savage gods . Here was at all events sincerity of purpose , fell though ii might be ; it had religious feeling for its basis ; and the suffering , though horrible and awful , was not very protracted : bat this devotion to the God Mammon-Moloch ia more selfish , is for mere gain onJv , and prolongs the sufferings of death for day after day , month after month , or year after year , tertoriEg its victims as the tiger does hi 3 weak prey , as if feasting on their pangs and lengthen « d
agonies . As Mr . Marshall has figured away against Lord Fltzwiiliam , with the aid of a friend in the background , who has served him as the monkey served the cats with the chesnnts in the fable , wo would suggest the propriety of his appealing to his friend to give him a helping hand to get him out of the mire into which he haa dragg ed him . We must reserve the plums of 1 S 0 . 15 for our next .
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" WHO WILL BELL THE CAT V Ocb comment npon the new move , in our last number , was necessarily brief . W « were not taken by surprise ; though we confess our astonishment at the manner in which our anticipations hare been realised . It is the fashion with most political writers to predict events npon their occurrence ; " thus upon subjects never thought of we not nnfreqnently find onr contemporaries launching into extravagant eulogiums npon their intuitive knowledge of facts , upon which , ' before they were known to all the world , our friends were dumb as the silent
tombstone . However , that tee did predict the forthcoming alliance , "we snail presently submit what we trust Trill stand as nnquestionable proof . In fact , we " belled the cat" before the " cat came out of the bag . " When we attempt to prove the affirmative or the negative of any proposition for our toil-worn readers , who have not so much time to digest the whole matter as we have , they expect that we shall proceed to oar work calmly and plainly , so as to aid
them in the formation of a ssnaible and deliberate judgment upon tbe subject . It is not enough , that we say , " * i « volo , " sicjubeo , " thus I will , and thus I command ; but we must shew wherein our will should be their will ; and then the observance of their command becomes oar hoiioars . ble duty . Such are oar reciprocal dependencies . If we axe not free , we cannot defend the rights of others ; whil » our freedom is of little use if not exeraised baldly , manfallv , and i defiance of all danger .
We proceed , then , to shew , firstly , thit this Association b of O'CohTiKU , Hcub , and Roebuck ' s ooqepetion ; and , secondly , that we predicted it , and instantly * belled the cat , " in the Star of the 6 th . of February , underlie bead " Tae
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" Mr . Hume submitted a definition of what he considered Household Suffrage ought to be , which was to be taksn into consideration by the Association . He stated that the leading men ol tne "Working classes generally concurred in the definition , and had promised ta give their assistance , were an agitation for aacli a Household Suffrage to be set on foot . " Mr . OConaell cordially conenrred In the suggestions of Mr . Hume . He considered it as of the first importance that the reasonable portion of the CbaitiStfl Should be got over to the aid of the Rational Reformers . He urged the necessity of some central body being established in London , for the diffusion of knowledge upon political subjects . The public mind should be saturated with facts bearing on the present gross defects in the representation of the people .
• Mr . Roebnck said that such a body was at present in contemplation in London , and he trusted that it would very speedily be set In operation , bo as to act in concert with the Leeds Association . " Upon this announcement we proceeded to comment as follows : — " Ays , aye , we were aware that the scouts were on the look-out for fragments from the -wreck ef the good ship , ' Charter , out of which they had , in their fanciful
imaginations , built a tight little bark for Whiggery to float a little longer on the stream ; but they have been mistaken . We were not asleep ; we knew what was to have been the sequel of a Whig triumph at LeedB . We told tbe people that it was to have been followed by a similar side-blow at Chartism at Leicester , Manchester , and Birmingham ; and by a whip in London . Hencs we saw the full value of our triumph at Leeds . "
After a few more comments we concluded the article thus : — " Now , this is beld . We challenge tbem— -we dare them— -we defy them , and we five them every man they can crimp—every bit of « ginger tb » y can purchase , and our provincial delegates shall outnumber the H-o-u-s-ehold ambassadors . " No , no ; we were not caught napping ; nor will we be so now ! London is garrisoned ; aud so past service , even though it were half-hanging , can reconcile the troopa to one single move of a pin's point from the thiDg—the ' Charter .
" We have long since said that agitation is now too ohoap aad unfashionable , In its new form , to arrest the attention and command the services of gentlemen too idle to work and too poor to do without it . So much for the Rotunda meeting , projected alliance , and new definition of H-o-u s-ehold Suflrage . " We imagine that no man of sound mind will for one moment doubt that the Association which has now sent forth its " Prospectus of Principle , " and which was to have acted with the Leeds Association
Tot Household Suffrage had it been successful , ia that very Association to which Messrs . Hume and Roebuck referred , and which Mr . O'Cossbll so highly eulogised ; and that we did not for one single moment doubt who the parties were , will be abundantly proved by our close watching and immediate exposure of Mr . Collins ' s quibbles , qnirks , and shift 3 upon the qucstiou of Household Suffrage . In fact , being upon the spot , and seeing the part which he acted , it became at once plain and obvious , not only to us , but to every Chartist in Leeds , that his object was to get in the wedge , in order to split the popular party and erect a new one upon its ruins , at the head of which was to be placed the golden image , the " money-finder 3 . "
That vre then predicted what has since taken place , reference to the whole article of Feb . 6 th -will prove ; and that we would meet the conspiracy on the threshold whenever it presented itself , the three last paragraphs which we have quoted above pledged us : and now we proceed fearlessly to redeem that pledge . Our first consideration in this painful but necessary duty , is to analyse the pretensions of those who thus lay claim to so much public confidence , as to warrant the hope that our whole temple , which has cost so much in the erection , shall be levelled , pulled to pieces , and destroyed , in order that the new architects may , from the materials , build up a better one , and more to public taste .
Of Mr . Rogers , then , we know but little , and the Chartists know less . We know him to be what is called " a , consistent Reformer" and disciple of Cobbett—to have been Treasurer to the Convention , and to have resigned his trust : but further of his political labonrs in the Chartist cause we know nothing . Of his integrity as a man , we have the very highest opinion ; so we havo of Mr . Bai . vesbut we would be 6 orry to be placed under his leadership .
Mr . Mitchell . If " not to know" Mr . lMiTciiELL " argues one ' s self unknown , " we must e ' en suffer tho charge of obscurity , and bear it as the penalty of our ignorance ; but positively we never heard of him before to our knowledge ; therefore if he is indeed worthy the appointment -which be seeks , or rather which he has assumed—if we are guilty of anj offence against him , it merely amounts to a want of knowledge of the fashionable Chartist world . Mr . Colli . vs we do know , and have known more of him than we could have wished of lato . Mr . Lovztt , we also know , a » d have known less of him than wo could have desired of late ; however we have before apologised for his inactivity ; we could wish it had degenerated even into neutrality .
Messrs . Cleave and Hetheri . ngton are as well , nay better known , perhaps , to the Chartist world than ourselves ; therefore beyond the consideration of their part in the document under consideration we need make no comment . Before we comment npon the dangerous tendency of this document , let ub consider whether or not the complainants are altother free from their principal charges , and whether or no they come into Court with clean hands . The complainants , then , charge the Chartists as folJows : —
" We have wasted glorious means of usefulness in foolish displays and gaudy trappings , seeking to captivate the sense rather than inform tbe mind , and aping the proceedings of a tinselled and corrupt aristocracy ratber than aspiring to the mental and moral dignity of a pure Democracy . Our public meetings have , on too many occasions , been arenas of passionate invectiv , party spirit , and personal idolatry . " Now , with the exception of onr very excellent and stanch friend , Dr . M'Docall , we know of no one person upon -whom so much " foolish display " and " gaudy trapping" has been wasted of late as upon Mr . John Colliss ; and , cnriously enough , when M'Douall complained of the waste Mr .
Collins was altogether silent . We do wish that he had received this stroke of conscience before he put the warm-hearted people of Scotland to the expence of so many carriages and four greys , so many tea parties , public e » trie 3 , medals , scarfs , and all the insignia of " foolish display and gaudy trappings , " and before he put as to the expence ot some £ 40 in reporting the honour thus conferred . This complaint from Mr . Collins , therefore , very forcibly reminds us of the thrifty dame , v ? ho , after borrowing her neighbour ' s tea kettle for twenty years , at length got one of her own ; and then the good dame , good lack ! discovered that borrowing was a- most injurious practice , and lending just as bad .
" Our public meetings have on too many occasions been arenas of passionate invective , party spirit , and personal idolatry . " Our friends , whose answer to Sir . Lovett we embodied in our last week ' s short comment , have left us little to say upon this latter charge , to which they have so perfectly , and so feelingly , and so justly replied . One portion of the subject , however , appears to have escaped the memory of Mr . Lovett's correspondent , and to which we shall direct his attention .
This charge of M passionate invective , partyspirit , and personal idolatry , " comes with a bad , a very bad , grace from five out of the six complainants . Of late the only meetings , or nearly 90 , have been npon the subject of the Corn Laws ; indeed all , where any " passionate invective" or " party feeling" were manifested ; and here we ask if it was not the unanimous recommendation of the Convention , of which Messrs . Lotbtt , Collixs , Cubavi , HETHEatsoTon . andRoGEBS were members , that all agitation for a repeal of the Corn Laws should be resisted , overcome , and put down ! With what colour of right , or &how of jnstioe , then , can they now turn upon those -who in tb . U 3 displaying , their " personal idolatry , " have but acted upon tb © advice of the complainants themselves !
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But , perhaps , onr friends may answer , " , bat we meantto meet the questions with coolness and argument , and not with angry feelings and passionate invective . " We ask Messrs Lovett and Collins , in turn , what was the resolution for which they suffered twelve months in Warwick Gaol ! Was it not-for the declaration that the people , while peaceably , legally , aud constitutionally ( and not passionately or intemperately ) diacussing their griev aneM , weni brutally , illegally and unconstitutionally attacked and dispersed , with " passionate invective " and " party feeling !"
Agam , let us just enquire who in these « passionate invectives and exhibitions of party feeling" have been the a / rgressoref whether the Chartists , as the complainants most dishonourably and unjustly charge , or those hired bludgeon lecturers and the other interested parties who grew intolerant from Chartist long forbearance , until at length it became necessary to meet invective by invective , and angry feeling with angry feeling . In every single case theChanista have nobly acted apon the very suggestion of the Convention ; of which five of the complainants wore members .
Surely Mr . Hetherington could not have joined in this denunciation of the Chartists ' conduct at public meetings , else he must have forgotten his letter of justification of their conduct to the Morning Chronicle , so recently written ; and surely Mr . Cleave did not read it , else he must have forgotten his recent part at the most angry meeting we have recorded for a long time , ( indeed , ever we may say , ) held but a few weeks since at the Crown and Anchor . But , perhaps , being in opposition to Mr . Waltek , a Tory , may constitute the difference . We are willing to do most of the gentlemen , indeed all of them , the justioe to say that they have never , to our knowledee . eviaeeri »» y « aners feeling" " party invective" at a single Whig meeting that
has been called in the metropolis within our recollection . ' As for the " personal idolatry , " we shall only add , in addition to what has been already said , — " suur grapes S " When Mr . O'Connob worked himself nearly to death , forming committees of supply aud release for Messrs . Lov . ett ar > d Collins , we never heard a sentence in condemnation of that respect of which he literally made them idols . But , perhaps , like tho temple , tho idols too have lost their charm , aud new ones aro to ba set up in their stead .
There are somo who would blend popular idolatry with electoral support to gain Parliamentary honours ; and , we fear , they have become golden images with new worshippers . We think , however , that tho personal idolatry may be strung with the 'foolish displays and gaudy trapping , " and hung round Mr . Collins ' s neck with his various medals , as he is the only one of that party who , of late , has been made an idol of . We shall now consider the professed object of the parties , and the means by which that object 13 to be achieved .
Of course , in the outset , the Charter is the object : indeed nothing else wouid do to bait the trap . Any declaration short of the whole Charter , would at once strangle the infant in the cradle . The object then is to achieve the Charter , and the means are by a voluntary tax of two hundred and fifty-six thousand four hundred and eight pounds per annum . Fore Gad , this is coming it strong ! and Bmells rank of the old fox , Dan . Bat to the object .
Now , is there one single man of the six , or one man with half an eye in England , who is not awa . re that the real object of the new move is to destroy tho old move ! Do the parties themselves not know , and know full well too , that our last course must be tho ' tTjj / st coupse—that every stone which wo have been placing with so much care , ouo on the top of the other , must be pulled down ; our top stones being their foundation stones . Do they require equality ! No ; if they did , they would join in what is already so far progressed ,
and , by their judgment , endeavour to repair what is faulty , iu 3 tead of attempting to destroy what is sOund . They must know that two Associations , holding aloof from each othe when their professed object is identical , muat weaken each other . They must know , as indeed they plainly confess , that to arrive at that point where they invite us to stop short , would cost them years of trouble , and the nation millions of money . They cannot be ignorant of these things ; and hence , we fear that discord was in truth their object , though of course not their professed object .
What claim , we would ask , have they to public confidence , beyond any man now acting upon the Executive of tho National Charter Association ? 0 ! " Mr . Roebuck has not yet said it is a legal body . " True , true ; we forgot that !!! These six gentlemen , while they disclaim all intention of interfering with any Association now in existence , at the samo time modestly style thomselves " The National Association of tho United Ktugdom . " After which in ten distinct clauses , the first commencing with a falsehood , they Bet forth their object ? . They disclaim any notion of interfering with any Association now established , while in section No . I , they commence thus : — To establish IN ONE GENERAL BODY persons of all creeds , " and so forth .
Now , here again , our Metropolitan friends may turn upon us aud say , " 0 ! but we leave every man to the option of joining as many associations as he pleases . " True again ; but if it requires the enormous bum of more than a quarter of a million annually to carry out the dear objects of one , how many more caa each man efficiently suppert ? Section No . II , is a sprat to catch a mackerel ; as of course , nothing but the whole Charter will now take .
No . Ill , at once proclaims that the organisation is to be carried on upon ' new principles , enforced by new missionaries ; as the words " seeing that the intentions of the general body are carried into effect , " has that and no other diplomatic moaning . In fact , this section savours of much authority . These three first sections we may take as declaratory of the objects set forth in the seven which follow , and in which the " modus oper * ndi " is laid down .
But then , alas J we come to the means , £ 256 , 480 per annum . Of course , we may be told Ibat this is all voluntary , and may , or may not be raised ; that it 3 collection is merely put hypothetieally . True again ; but , if it fails tho whole fabric of which it is the very groundwork , fails also ; because all tbe plans in the Ten Commandments are declared essential to the success of the project ; and the £ 256 , 480 per annum being the means of their accomplishment , becomes an indispensable . Therefore , we shall deal , firstly , with the chanoeB of getting the momey , and , secondly , with the proposed mode of expending the money if we had it .
We find that the number who signed the National Petition are relied upon , certainly hypothetically , as data for volunteer tax-payers . Let us , from the natural disposition of man to have a finger in his own pie , just see in how far this would suit the taste of one of the very best Radical towns in the empire , Glasgow . Suppose , then , that Glasgow <» ne up to the mark and bad 60 , 000 signatures , each signature Btanding for a Id . per week ; this would leave to Glasgow thirteen thousand pounds annually , to be spent in , and for , Glasgow . It would give tnem four
district Halls , or Normal or industrial Schools , at £ 3000 each , and fifty libraries at twenty pounds each , every year ; whereas if they put that Bum into the National Lottery , it would be but the prico of a ticket , by which they may , or may not , b » entitled to £ 3000 . Now in the gotd old times , according t » tbe Grand Lottery scheme , a man got his « banc& of a £ 40 , 0 . 00 prize for a £ 23 ticket ; but here be gets his chance of a £ 3000 prize for a £ 13 , 600 tic ' xet , and so with many other towns . " True , agai'a , " eay th © Nationals ; " but zounds , death and tbe devil ! who will argoe Clamped , and nV / row a view of
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patriotism ; should not all work for all ! " Yes , we answer , and so they do ; and work best by working in their own locality , under their own direction , and according to their own judgment ; not by doing what missionaries shall see fit . Bnk suppose we have tbe money . Tie object ia to flaveinda&trial hails and libraries . These placesbave to be built , and the laying the foundation stone of the first industrial hall would be like the cold creation of a new world . We think we see a poor hand-loom weaver looking wistfully at the glow fire which is destined to boil his pot , exclaiming with the fox , when he — - on heap of stones , "That will bo a good fire when it lights !"
Will some good fellow furnish ub , next week , with an appropriate dialogue between one of the architects laying tho foundation stone of the first hallthe new temple of Liberty , aud a hand-loom weaver with nine children , waiting its completion as a means of relief I M But we have tho monoy ; the bject is , to carry the Charter , and we are quite sure that none will deny that with the Charter knowledge , temperance , and industry would progress ten thousandfold quicker than without it ; therefore , we all agree thai , ftt or unfit , tho sooner we get the Charter the better . " Well , then , we have tho money , and now let us try our hand at tho expenditure .
" The valna of anything Is just th © price that it will bring . " What would our friends think of the following application of £ 256 , 480 } [ we love to write the sum , it looks bo TEMPTING , and " so werry TICING . " ] We have , then , the £ 256 , 480 , to be applied as follows : —Wages of one hnndred independent Members of Parliament , at £ 1 , iQO each for the Session , £ 150 , 000 ; for the support of a Morning Paper , the tamo bi z as the Morning Chronicle , to bo sold at 2 ^ d ., £ 10 , 000 ; dhto , for an Evening Paper , samesiEe and price , £ 5 , 000 ; ditto , for a
weekly paper , largest size attotvod by law , at 3 d ., £ 5 , 000 ; for wages for a standing Parliamentary committee of seven , to sit in London during the Session , and to be elected by the whole people , at £ 10 per week each , for twenty-five weeks , and removal at pleasure of the people , £ 1 , 750—tho duties of committee to pay members at tho end of each month , stopping salary according to scale of nonattendance , or any other noglect ; 100 missionaries at £ 5 per week , for twenty weeks , £ 10 , 000 . Balance for election fund , defence fund , tract fund , and other incidental expences , £ 74 . 730 per annum .
Now , what would our friends think of such an " Appropriation Clause , " tho enactment of which w . ould , wefancy , putu 8 , inless than two years , in joint possession of all the Town Halls , Science Halls , Union Halls , Normal and Industrious Schools ' Libraries , Parks , Pleasure Grounds , Publia Baths , Buildings , and Places of Amusement , in the kingdom , ready built , furnished , stocked , and raised to our hands ; instead of expending annually ( he sum of £ 240 , 000 , nearly tho whole amount of the annual taxes , in what the economists call " unproductive labour , " piling bricks and mortar on top of each other .
Then the economists did not consult their brethren , although some parts of the address bear evident marks of slight disapprobation recently experienced by men who were "idols" before they threw tho idolaters upon their own resources , and would now givethem "« rashing BATHS . " We thought weshould requiro a dip for an electoral qualification , and next wo shall want perfume , what Mi . O'Connor called
the " fashionable stink . " "True again , " say the Nationals , " but where will you get tho 100 members ?" We have them ; only give us the £ 1 , 500 a piece for them and we havo them , 200 if wo want them , ready made in the market , ayeandin the Houso . Twenty-five ten pound notes , on the first Monday of every month , would be a tempting thing ; fifty English , forty Irish , and ten Scotch ; there they are , and a contest , a violent contest for priority .
Do our friends suppose that parties who now vote black white for the mere purpose of getting a paltry commission in the army or navy , a small living in tho church , or an appointmont to a £ 300 a year commission for a brother , friend , or cousin , would not vote that white was white , for tho pleasure of putting £ 1500 a year into their owa fob ? Sinecurif-ts , half-pay officers , little barristers , small pensioners , ministerial hacks , would scratch each others eyes out in such a contest . Government don ' t give one half tho sum to as many members for slavish work , and by which alone they keep np their majorities .
One hundred independent gentlemen would firstly cut off all the monoy-mongers who could » ot leave the Tempk by day , by obliging the House to meet by day . Our hundred would force Government , upon all questions , and upon Supply questions , to keep the House up to a four hundred pitch , at the very least . Our hnndred members would have a double barrelled daily press , to annoy the enemy ' s flank and a weekly cannonade to defend their country
garrisons . It is by this very system , at which tha French Chamber of Deputies has recently levelled so tremendous a blow ; that our court party is enabled to procure its ascendancy in both Houses of Parliament , by pensioning pauper Peers and bribing pauper Commons . We could pay 150 , if necessary , but we prefer keeping a sinking fund of £ 75 , 000 annually , for " incidental expences , " for which our friends reserve only £ 126 a year .
It must be borne in mind that all our arguments are based upon the presumption that wo . have the £ 250 , 480 ; and let it be borne in mind that , failing in its acquirement , our friends' objects are all unattainable ; therefore , the only question at issue is , which plan would most speedily achieve the proposed grand object— " the Charter I" That is the whole , the sole , the only question . In fact , the naked proposition is just this : —A certain amount of abstinence
information , self-respect , and so forth , constitutes so many requisites for the attainment of a certain object . Tho question at issue , therefore , is resolved into a narrow compass , namely , whether or no the means considered indispensable for the accomplishment of the proposed object ara attainable , and , if attainable , whether they could be applied to a more speedy achievement of the end . I is for tho country , not for us , to give tho answer to the question .
There are some very curious facts connected with this document . It denounces idolatry , while it assumes leadership . It claims co-operation , while it respectfully resolves ^ that , with or without it , it will use every " possible effort" for the attainment of its objects . Let us just ask a question or two . If tbe names attached to the document had a right to expect so much public confidence , why keep the project secret except from the " Leading Chartists . " Apropos , vre imagined that one of the great objections to modem agitation v > a $ Leadership . Why
assume leadership i Why not call a meeting in London , on the spot , and where the pretensions of the six gentlemen were beat known , and where , if acknowledged by a publie meeting , the thing would ha-ve h » d the stamp of publift confidtace avid the sanction of public approFal , not only of the " Leading Chartists' * but of the body of Chartists Why have a self-elfieted Board of Managemsnt 1 because w « find the following most astounding admission : " It IB also intended that the persons
signing it shall farm a Provisional Board of Management for six or twelve months . " Is this Univereal Saffrage ? Is thia the free choice of ofiBcers ? Is this Election by Ballot 1 Is this vigilant popular contTouU Here vre have six gentlemen actually nominating a National Board , writing to and inviting whom they please , as members of that Board . Monstrous ! most monstrous ! S and asking them to keep the project a complete secret from the people , until the infernal machine shall be sufficiently
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loaded to be discharged , ( also we suppose in tho dark , ) when tho country would be told , M O , you aro too late , ( be deed is done ; why did not yon objf ot in time i " Let this project be taken in conjunction with tha eulogiums recently passed upon tho majority of the complainants by the Chrtnicle , Sun , and all the Whig "Establishment , " and also in conjunction wiih some articles from Taif , ( who has been at . the head of tbe conspiracy , ) and we feel convinced that they have been retained as mid wives to attend the axsoowebement of " the mountain in labour . " Here
we have the mountain going to Mahomet , instead of Mahomet to the mountain , with a vengeance : hero we hare a whole nation surrounded in the dark by half a dozen gentlemen , and handed over , neck and heals , to the tender mercies of a Provisional Government of their appointment / . ' Bat they are all for Universal Suffrage , and , as a matter of course , they have acted upon that principle , and onlyelected those whom they knew would be acceptable . In faith , it is marvellous lucky for poor . O'Cojmob that he did not even recommend to such an appointment , or offer funds to a missionary , or he would be called a " despot , " and would cease to be an " IDOL . "
London is the place that must speak out npon this subject as to the amount of confidence to be placed in those who seek it ; and the country has but one part to act in tlie concern , namely , to say whether or no , they , tho people , a , ro prepared to commit political suicide , by cutting the throat of the only association from which they can expect a thorough union , and which they , themselves , have elected in open day . We think we have done our part calmly , tempe « rately , and boldly ; we Bay to the people " Do ye likewise . " " Out of evil comes good . "
So f * r from the new coliomo loading to « raa . k « n at disorganise the Radical ranks , it will have the effect of paralysing the enemy , by evincing the firmness and resolution with which the "idolators" cease to worshiptheirformer"idols , " upon theslightestchange of that principle which led to adoration . Our course shall bo in this storm , —be it short or bo it leng , be it a squall or be it a hurricane , —just what it has ever been , straight forward ; resolved that the good ship Charter , shall not ba wrecked even ia the dark for want of a good look out .
WE STAND BY THE PEOPLE . Fall they never can , save bt THE 1 B OWN BLOW . We never wrote an article with one half the pain that w « experienced in writing the foregoing ; aad if repentance , confession of error , and return to virtue , be any part of a Christian ' s duty , we cannot conclude without humbly imploring our misguided friends boldly to confess and manfully to ask pardon , and which , we feel assured , will be cheerfully and unanimously granted . But should it be otherwise , and should the sword be drawn , why then we throw away the scabbard .
^ r Since the preceding wa type , we have learned from Mr . Pitkethly , of Huddersfield , that Mr . Rogeks avers his name was appended to the Lovett-and-Collins' Document without his knowledge or consent . Mr . Emit ethly saw Mr . Rogkhs the other day , when ho made a declaration to tho above effect . Indeed , be pleaded ignorance of the whole thing . How many more names are thus circumstanced ?
The following list' of names has been sent to us by Mr . Lovett for publication : — William Lovett , * 183 , Tottenham Court Road . John Collins , 6 , Court , Bread-street , Birmingham . Henry Hotherington , 13 pind 14 , Wine-office Court , Fleat-street . John Cleave , 1 , Shoe-lane , Fleet-street . George Kogers , High-street , St . Giles ' . Henry Mitchell , 67 , Red Lien-street , Holborn . Henry Tincent , 5 , Greenland Grove , Cromer-atreet . Kobeit Lowery , Nun-street , Ne-vscastte-oa-Tyne . Arthur O . 'Neil , Birniiiignam . Thomas Kaynor Smart , ' 47 , Red Cross-street , Leicester .
John Mitchell , 23 , Queen-street , Aberdeen-John M-Crae , Kilburchan . Charles Jones , Northampton . John Richards , Hanley Potteries . Charles H . Necsom , 70 , Hare-ttreet , Bethnal-green . H . Alexander Donaldson , Chapel-street , Warwick . Edward Brown , . Birmingham . W . O . Burns , Blacfcfriar ' a-gate , Hull . Charles Westerton , 15 , Park-side , Knightsbridge . Richard liussell , Blair ' s-close , Edinburgh . William Byrne , 1 , Cloth-roarket , Newcastle-on-Tyne James Torrington , Albion Coffee House , Dudley . Edward Thorp , Gainsborough .
James B . Austin , cbeniist , Abingdon . John Beacham , painter , Cireneester . Peter Lay ton , tiuplnte- worker , Banbury . David Buckney , Mill-street , Coventry . William Allison Whittle , Swan-street , Warwick . Edward Dyer , Church-street , Stroudwater . William Thoniason , Daveritry . William Dale , West-street , Dorking . W . J . Linton , Woodford-green , Essex . Anthony Tutton , 32 , High-street , Plymouth . Thowas Parry , PontypooL Joseph Welsh , New-street , Ledbury . Lister Smith , Braintree .
John M'Clintock , Irvine . William Hollis , High-street , Cheltenham . W . D . Wliitehouse , Studley , Warwickshire . John T . Micklewright , Kidderminster . John Jeakinson , Baptist Minister , Kettering-Rowland Lacey , Wotton-under-Edge . J . B . Smith , Leamington . John Peck , Hull . John Garden , Mill-street , Montrose . William Taunton , Well-street , Coventry . William Martin , Alveitbovpe Schools , Wakefield . John Malcolm , West KUbride . L . Snelling , Tonbridge . ¦
John Ayre Leatherland , Ketterint William M'Williams , Lanark . D . Scarfe , 14 , Long Wyre-street , Colchester . John Booth , Archies Park , Forfar . Thomas Baird , KirfcintUlock ,. ne » r Glasgow . James Henderson , Salcoats , Ayrshire , James Cook , Morgan ' s Lane , From ' e . Alexander Davies , Campsie , near Glasgow . Isaac Botiomley , Hyde , Lancashire . William Barker West , John-street , Sheffield . John Da-vis , 'Kidderininster . James Wiabart , 300 , High-street , Kirkaldy . Win . Young , 30 , Great Windmill-street , Golden-square
W . J . Oaborn , Nuneaton . J . Mann , North street , Ashburton . W . Fletcher , Cbeylesmouth , Coventry . Thomas Webb , Union Place , Daventry . B . Payne , Tonbridge . Stephen Durrant Westoby , Colchester . Robert Reid , Forfar . John Murray , Kitkintillock . Robert Mugate , Campsie . David Shaw , Nuueiton . John Petrie , Loo-street , Plymouth . Thomas Wild , HulL
BeDJamin Huggett , 1 , Chichester Place , Wandsworth Road . Alexander Smeaton , Almond Bank , Perthshire . James Grant , Luthermuier , near Montrose . John Sandy , 64 , Upper-North-street , Brighton . William Woodward , Union-place , Brighton . James Adam , Largs , Ayrshire-. J . C- Bums , ditto . John Carne , Fraddom , nearHayle , Cornwall . James Whittle , merchant , Per tb . James Robertson , High-street , Perth . Cliarlea Reynolds , Penza-ace , Cornwall . David Irvine , Kilbirnie .
The 36 are the gentlemen , then , who constitute the "Board of Management" for the " move ?' and we ask seriously , with Ithe exception of somo half dozwi names , or less , are these the men in whom the " new movers" would themselves ha confidence ! And we are aore that rome of them will unhesitatingly say " no . " But " needs must , when the devil drives . " They -will say , perhaps , that our virtuous leagae , having
absorbed » 11 that was worth having , they had no alternative- The effect of the project has been to enlist new powers in onr cause , and to draw forth a mass of hitherto obscured talent . We h * 7 « received a letter signed *' Cato" upon the subject , but we regret to lay not in time for publication this week . It is a production worthy of the best days of Roman independwice . " Cato" calls the new Association" The New London Association of Ratcatchkbs . "
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Yorkshire HussA « s .- * -We understand t § $ Qpt # Hfc *^ jeani Murphy , of Ripon , has received the * PP < W * yA !> ,.-ment of Serjeant-Major in this regiment of cajJPJTy - r ^ -s / - '' ' ^ ' - vice Smith resigned , and Mr . Sadler , of tb £ If >*^ i i = §* ltj ~ $ > \ Guards , London , to be permanent * . Soriaft ^ MHi ^ TP ^^ V > Murphy promoted . ¦ ] Pii . < ' iaP&&i $$ & 2 ~ - . i y J& ^^^^ ^ kA '' S ^^^ fi j ^^^ /
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Ithe I^Oethee^ Star ! Saturday, April 17, 1841. 1
ITHE I ^ OETHEE ^ STAR ! SATURDAY , APRIL 17 , 1841 . 1
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__ ======= s =======: ^ THE NORTHERN STAR . *
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Northern Star (1837-1852), April 17, 1841, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct851/page/3/
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