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Northern Star (1837-1852), 7th April 1838, Edition 5 of 5, Page 4, Untitled Article

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      Untitled Article

      EFFECTS OF SHTJBGH AND STATE UNION . Ina couWry l&e this , toasting of more , "but ¦ pwsessSgte * , of practical liberty &an any other eountty ta Europe , Ware naturally led to a eompari ^ ja between the opinions , acts , and deeds , of J £ e » Ws of Parliament , and tie opinions , acts , and « Jeed % of those professed to be represented , by the ¦ s » d Members . Upon the one Land , we -find -the fer holding dominion "by stealth , perjury , -violation cf promises , and all aneharitableness , ^ tnd yet styled

      "by tie press as the real representatives of public opinion ; -while , upon the other hand , -we find ninetynine in erexy hundred declaring themselves unrepresented , and recognising tbe dominion « f Parliament merely in the sword and the musket . "We iear of projected changes , such as ' Nat ional Education , SDperior Beligious Instruction , and Moral Tuition . "We find Bishops preaching passive © bedienoe and nos-r&dstanee ; declaring that this « arth was intended but as a purgatory , and that ike spjournere here are merely in a state of probation

      for another and a happier worldj their passport to -which will greatly depend upon their subserviency and suffering here below . Now , without entering into a theological discussion with those Bight Rev . Gentlemen , we can only say , that their practice l > eing diametrically opposed to their preaching , we lave a strong inclination to doubt their interpretation of Holy "Writ . The Church and the State are too &mly , and have been too long politically , united , to induce us , without due scrutiny and deliberation , to adopt the spiritual admonitions of the Hierarchy , otherwise -than as political lessons . We find religion supported by force ; liberty trampled upon ; comforts

      abridged ; rights abstracted ; and wrong following wrong , in rapid succession ; and yet we are- told Jhat our salvation will much depend upon our mild endurance of these multiplied evils . But that such SopTustiy mixiI Dlaspheui ) v&u . be preached ^ accepted , and acted-upon , is not wonderful , when we see the Altar Tased upon the Throne , and Religion made subservient to political purposes . "We have been bow for some time pointing ont to our readers , the many grievances under which they labour , and of which they justly complain ; and we now tell them that one of the great causes of all suffering , is the -union between Church and State : England

      endeavouring to uphold one description of worship-Scotland contending for heb National Creed—and Ireland ' s old Establishment 5 trnggling to throw off the political chains of her new Establishment . "With three countries thus embroiled in what is preached as matter of paramount importance , bow ,, we ask , Is it likely , that a senate composed of the champions of die several national modes of worship , can furnish anything like consistency or political concordance m mattere which form the keystone of the temple of the respective belligerents ? Introduce a

      Turnpike Bill , and it is met with reference to religious bias . Speak of liberty at home , which would be likely to lead to the exposition of the incestuous union , and you are met with lie Bible and sectarian dogmas ; but " preach of -the neeesaty of freedom in distant climes , and your pulpits at once become watch-tcwers of liberty , wlence the home oppressor vr 81 thunderhis anathemas and hurl denunciations against the arrogance , cruelty , and oppression of sinful man . "Whyis this ? Because the home-tyrant has 20 tithes in Jamaica ,

      and because civil liberty would at onee lead on to religious equality ; and would at once put an . end to the system of dealing out salvation by the rood , the perch , and the acre . The man who now gives a pint of buttermilk ont of his churn , as a spiritual offering , would marvel at so slovenly a mode of salvation ; and , instead of peaceably submitting to clerical injustice in "honour of God , " he would discover that ie himself had been in the wrong , by " mating his - " passive obedience and non-resistance" a kind of trap to bare the receivers of stolen goods into-sin and damnation . If " passive obedience and non-resistanee , " upon the part of the people , lead to plunder ,

      Tapine , and -profanation T > y tlieir rulers , are they not , -themselves , accessary to the misery of their rulers ? and 03 it not , consequently , incumbent upon them , to make some sacrifice of self , to do an act ef charity to those who are in error ? "Passive obedience" is sever preached but by tyrants , who have to protect , -frith the musket , the plunder which they have gained ly blood . The Reformation was not accomplished ij martyrdom . " Passive obedience and non-resistance" would have been but a poor force in the hands of die monster , Habbt , to effect the destruction of the monasteries , and the plunder of his subjects . " Passive o"bedience" would not have enabled

      Cbohwjell to subvert ancient tyranny , and to establish , upon its ruins , a more modern but not less tyrannical order of things . " Passive obtdience and non-resistance" would not have induced the poor Irish Catholic to support , with his sweat , for centuries , the demagogue Church parson ^ who was hired ~ bj the State to damn his faith , denounce his creed , and iasult his person . If it was not for the union of Church and State , we should now have Universal Suffrage . "Without Universal Suffrage , we-cannot hope to rid ourselves of the effect of the unholy

      union . Beligious toleration means religious political equality . Beligious equality means a fair chance to contend for religious ascendancy , and-religions ascendancy means prostitution to State * purposes , and prostration of civil Eberty . Religious inequality ( that is the persecution of the professors of one creed iy those of another creed ) is incompatible with , and could not exist in , a State where civil liberty was

      complete . Therefore , let us , in honour of our God , our country , and ourselves , endeavour to destroy the Cannon Creed by Universal Suffrage , which would fe the firmest base for " the Altar , the Throne , and the Cottage . " The real meaning of Church and State union was well exemplified in the person of the late Duke of Yobk , who was , at one and the same time , both Bishop of Osnaburg and Commander-ih Chief of the army .

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      EVENTS OF THE "WEEK . "Well , the " ides " of March" have come ; and , trhat is more , they have gone too . Another close and desperate struggle has taken place , between tie Three Headed Devil "Krng and such of the people in ibis realm as are not yet disposed to how down and worship the " Beast . " From . the beginning , we have eschewed him as an unnatural monster , with whom the people ought not to hold either communication or parley , hut whom they ought instantly to jQsy . "We have ever regarded the New Poor Law « se abrogation of all those principles of equity and

      justice on which alone law can be founded . "We isre ever denied , and we ' do still deny , the authority f f those who passed this law to enact it ; and we do equally , now , as we have ever done , deny their right to enforce . it . "We deny , in feet , that it is any law at all , and that the people are bound to render any obedience to ite authority , or that of any pretended functionary acting under its provisions . Hence , ¦ we have never recommended" the policy of electing

      guardians , hostile to the enforcement of the law—we have always said to the people elect no guardians at all , hold no communication with the Devils' minions , minister no Tielp to your own destruction .. Oldham and Fixby have acted on this principle , and have gloriously maintained their independence ; but , jnost other places , our friends have thought that a readier ana more effectual method of dispatching tbe il Beast" would be to strangle him in the meshes of his rwu . net , by electing , as Guardians , men who were

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      determined to Tun all risks in © pp ^ jsmonio the law . This is a good position , jor the people to take , though not , as we tfeink , the best that might be taken ; and we we glad , beartfly glad to the very KouTg core , to see tk&t the brave fellows of Huddersfield , Bochdale , and some other places , having taken this position , have maintained ft gallaafiy . They have done great , service to their country , and will be had in evwlsating-xe ^ mbianee'b y their children ' *

      childrenV The struggle was severe , for the "Beastf knew it to W for Bfe . His Herculean powers of everydescription-were put forth . Trickery , of the meanest kind that ever Whiggery was tainted with , was unhesitatingly resorted to . In Honley , when the - " Beast" perceived that he was losing ground , the rate-books were ransacked for objections against voters , even up to the panic of 1825 ; nine years before the Bill was passed .

      In Preston , the Churchwardens , ever mindful of the Shop , acting , indeed , it is said , under . the orders of his Three-Headed Infernal Majesty , seized the golden opportunity of performing two acts of mischief at once , by wrenching the wages of iniquity , in the shape of church-rates , out of the hands of many , who , though they had a great objection to being robbed at all , preferred yet . the lesser robbery of their purses , by the priest , to the greater robbery of their lives and liberties by the Three-Headed Devil King ; and by depriving of their right to

      vote for Guardians all whose conscientious feelings were too powerful for their patriotism , or whose purses , happening to be empty , left them no means of complying with the alternative . These two objects , so worthy of the warm province in which the New Poor Law was hatched , were nicely attaiaed by declaring , when the election had : arrived , that no person should be allowed to vote whose church-rates were unpaid , but that they ^ the churchwardens , were ready to receive the church-rates . A more paltry and nefarious juggle we have not known for some tune .

      After all the desperate fighting , deep-scheming , and wily doubling of the " Beast , " Huddersfieljd , glorious Huddersfield , still tramples him under her feet , smiles at the impotence of his fury , and mocks his torturous ' writhings . And these heats of blood , and chafings of spirit—these turmoils , equal to the worst features of an election for »* is-representatives in Parliament , are to be brought on us every year to enable 1 the High Priests , of this modern Moloch , to offer up human sacrifices to

      the household Gods of " Capital ! " The friendships of neighbours are to be interrupted and destroyed—the concord of society annihilated —the silken cords of amity , that bind each man to his fellow , to be roughly torn asunder , that a rose leaf may be added to the bed of the Sybarite , by planting a thorn in the pallet of the pauper Merciful Heavens , to what a pass has "Liberalism " broaght us ! But , thank God , the ruin is not irretrievable . It is in the power of the people , at any moment , when they please , to say to the ruthless monster , all powerful as he is

      thus far shall thy Tavages extend , and no further ; and the men of London , all honour to their name and memory , have said that word , and said it manfully . The parish of St . Bride , in that famous city has tasted the sweets and benefits of the New Poor Law . She has eaten of the "bread , and drunk of the cup , of the three-headed Devil King , until she has grown tired of his board , and determined , hereafter , to ke . ep heTself . At an immense meeting ef the inhabitants of that parish , the proceedings of which are reported at full length in our sixth paee , "they

      resolved" That tlie inhabitants of this parish are capable of managing the whole of their parochial affairs , without the aid or contrcral of any other persona . " . - - ~ " That the resolution of the public vestry , on the 17 th of Fehrnaiy , 1837 , in these words— 'That it is the opinion of this vestry , that the introduction of the New Poor Law Bill into the city of London , and the formation of the whole city into one union , tnO . not only benefit the rate-payers , but improre the condition of the poor , and proride greater comfort for the aged and infirm ; and , thrtabre , this parish desires to participate in the benefits to T > e derived from the union , ' "be now rescinded . " ¦ . ¦

      This is tbe position we want , to . see the people take . We want to see them distribute their own money to the poor , without troubling either the Devil King or anyofhi 3 myrmidons at all about the matter . "We have no abstract love for sinecures , but , inasmuch as we have seen from the temper of the House of Commons , that so long as that nefarious body is returned by ten pounders , there is no hope of the snug places provided by this infernal law for "Whig toad-eaters being abolished , we do ardently desire to see the people convert them into sinecures foT the present ,, while their unremitting energies are applied to the

      obtaining of Universal Suffrage , withont which they can have no certainty against either the operation of old laws or the enaction of new ones , in the same spirit of rapine and blood .

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      TO THE EDITORS OF THE NORTHERN STAR . London , April 4 , 1838 . Gentleken , —While you are rousing the sections in the INorth , we , in London , have fallen into a sort of Endymion ' s sleep , as though the combined juices of mandrake , poppy , and hemlock , were our only potations . Here we are , close to the two big Houses , witnessing everyday , under our noses , such scenes , as in other times , would "fright the isle from its propriety , " or " make the angels weep . " Yet not a hand or voice is raised , not a muscle moves , not a sigh ot groan escapes to indicate any consciousness of suffering , much less a disposition on the part of the sufferers , to make head against the system which is silently but rapidly consuming

      them . It was only thepther day ( Monday ) that the next parish to which I reside , the parish of St . Bride , decided by 120 against 100 in favour of introducing the New Poor Law Act into the parish ! The meeting was a public meeting of the rate payers , called expressly for the purpose of " rejecting the New Poor Law Act from the parish ;" but the worthy profit-mongers , whV regarded the question as merely one of pounds , shillings , and pence , decided in favour of their own pockets and against the bellies of the paupers , by a majority of

      twenty , none but rate-payers voting ' , and the votes being taken by Ballot . Mark these two facts , men of England ! Mark , that in a question which virtually concerns more than one half of the population—a question which is literally one of life or death to every man subsisting on the wages of labour , as well as to the actual pauper—none were allowed to vote but persons having a direct interest in starving the one and enslaving the other ; and mark again , that thosesame parties voted by Ballot ^ I that is to say , secretly and in the dark , as all rogues

      act , whose deeds will not bear the li ght . Here is a specimen of what you . may expect from the Ballot should tie middle classes succeed in superadding Gbote ' s Rat-trap to the other machinery of the "^ Reform" Act . The parish of St . Bride contains , at least , eleven thousand inhabitants of whom one third are " always liable , to come on the parish . Had the meeting been one of the

      inhabitants at large , and had the voting been open , ( as by show of hands , ) instead of by Ballot , the just claims of the poor would not have had one hand in twenty raised against them , and I doubt whether there would have been even one profit-monger bold enough to speak against them . But , conducted as die meeting was , the fate of the poor of St . - ' Bride is now at the mercy of the Poor Law Commissioners , with no other sanction from the parish than

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      the secret votes off ISO ^ ^ fit-mongerB giving a majority of 20 . < . ' . ¦ ¦; . ;¦¦ : : , ^ ¦ V While this was going oa in St . Bride's * tfe morning papers contained numerous cases , copied from the provincial press , exhibiting the Uke treatment of the unhappy poor all '> over the country . : For instance , the Guardians of fee Cireneester poo * deeidei last week that for an able-bodied man accustomed to hard labour : out of the workhouse , and to close labour within , five ounces of bacon per

      week was sufficient animal sustenance . No beef , mutton , pork , orveal—no animal fodd of any kind beyond the' five ounces of bacon { and no beer al l the week round . " Such is the treatment of the Cirencester poor in the workhouse ; out of the workhouse , it is death . Ab a proof of this , the Glouces ter Chronicle of Saturday gives the case of a poor woman named Hancox , the wife of a cripple , and aged 55 , who had literally died of hunger and cold , after a fruitless application for relief to the Cirencester Board of Guardians . This unfortunate

      creature had walked three miles on a piercingly cold day—was kept waiting a whole day in painful suspense—and at last dismissed without a farthing or a farthing's worth . All that remaias of her now is the verdict of a coroner ' s inquest , which says , that" the deceased died by the visitation of God , ( what horrid blasphemy 2 ) and that her death was accelerated ( how scientifically expressed !) by the intensity of the cold , to which she was exposed by attending the Board of Guardians , from which she returned home in a weak and shivering state . "

      How many hundreds throughout the Kingdom have suffered , and are now suffering the fate of-Mary Hancox ! Mr . Bowen , lately a guardian of the Bridgewater Union , and next to Oastler and Stehhens , the most effective Anti-Poor Law combatant we have in our ranks : this excellent and spirited individual has shown' in his pamphlet that while the deaths of convicts in the Hulks averaged 2 . 3 or 2 three-tenths per cent ., ' - ' . of their number per

      annum , the deaths in the Bridgewater Union averaged 41 . 4 , or 41 four tenths per cent , per anum . In other words—that the rate of mortality was eighteen times greater amongst the paupers referred to , than amongst the convicts . He publicly charged the Guardians of that Union with having caused the deaths of upwards of 30 persons—with having knowingly and deliberately pursued a system of treatment towards them , which the medical officers of the Union had fore-warned them would be

      fatal to the victims ; and , how , think you good reader , was the charge met ? By what tribunal entertained and adjudicated in ? By the Bridgewater Board of Guardians themselves !! ! With no other authority than their own , and that of their accomplices , the Somerset-house Bashaws , theue murdering " Guardians of the Poor" of Bridgewater , sat upon themselves , —took cognizance of their own crime—called no witnesses but themselves ; and , after & private examination into their own guilt , unanimously returned a verdict of Not Guilty in their own

      favour , which verdict is , up to this hour , the only part of their proceedings which has been made public !! I defy the records of Eastern despotism to iurnish a parallel case to this . When Heney VIII . of wife-killing memory , condescended to argue doctrinal points with Lambert , the schoolmaster , he tried first to convince his opponent by a right Royal display of Catholic orthodoxy ; but that process failing , he had him tied to a stake , where , with the aid of fire and faggot , he soon convinced all loyal subjects that Lambert was no better than an obstinate

      heretic . This was a very arbitrary and summary mode of conviction ; but I deubt whether it was more arbitrary and summary than is the Bridgewater GuardianB mode of self-acquittal , and I also very much doubt whether , after all , Lambert did not experience more real mercy and fair play from the wife-killer , than did the Bridgewater paupers from their chosen Guardians . Lambert was killed with fire by the King's authority : the Bridgewater paupers were killed with water-gruel , by the authority of their Guardians .- The wife-killer held himself

      responsible to nobod y for roasting Lambert ; the Guardians consider themselves responsible to nobody for having inflicted diarrhcea and death on the paupers . There was no coroner ' s inquest to bring in a verdict of wilful murder against the royal roaster . There has been , and I fear will be , no coroners' inquest to find a similar verdict against the water-gruelliug pauper-killtrs . Thus far there is not much difference . But Henry , with all his atrocity , gave Lambert a public hearing , and consequently an opportunity of escaping the roasting , had the latter been only . wise enough , or not too fanatically mad ,

      to avail himself of it . But had the Bridgewater paupers any such opportunity of escaping the watergruel ? Did they get a public hearing from these " Guardians ? " Did the latter try to convince them publicly that water-gruel was good and wholesome , nutritious and substantial food for able-bodied men , or for aged and sickly persons of either sex . But I must not pursue the parallel . One startles at the inferences to which it might lead , and I have already carried it too far to leave a doubt on the mind of any humane person as to what ought to be the fate of the Bridgewater Guardians .

      Such , Gentlemen ^ are the scenes which are passing in and out of London , without exciting the least apparent commotion in thia great Metropolis . The only question of present interest here is Negro Slavery . But to that and other trumpery matters I will more particularly advert in my notice of what is going forward in the two pure Houses . , Yours , &c , &c , BRONTERRE .

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      L&E 0 S ANI > WES ^ KinpNG NEWS . ""' . ' " ¦¦ ¦' ; ' - - -t .: \ - , liEEDS . /¦ •; ¦ ¦ ' v- - . ¦¦ '¦ - ¦ ¦ -: >¦; A Valiant and Honest itECRrci ^ r . —On Tuesday last , a lusty sen of the north , named Robert ^ Nelson , Twas brbug ^ before the magistrates charged ' ¦ : with stealing a penknife , the property of the recruiting sergeant of the 6 th regiment ., ; The sergeant stated that he had listed the prisoner on thedaybefore , and had > taken him to his apartments , where he furnished him with a good dinner arid a tiint of beer . Leaving him for a short time in the

      room alone , he absconded , taking with him the peuknife in question , which , however , was not missed till the following day , when the Worthy -sergeant was anxious to try his hand at quill cutting . The valiant" recruit was then sought for with great yigi-, lance , ; and was ultimately found with the knife in his possession . He stated in his defence that he had Deen using the knife to cut his finger nails , and had , by nust ^ e , put it into his pocket . He was proved to have enlisted in tbe 6 th , the l ? th , and the 24 th regiments , all within twenty-four hours . He was committed to take his trial for the theft .

      Caution to SHopKEEPERS . ^ -rQn Saturday last , Mr . Wilsonj Pawnbrokerj' George-street , and Mr . Fisher , shoemaker , Briggate , appeared before the ^ ^ magistrates under the following circumstances . It appeared that some time before , a girl had gone to Mr . Fisher ' s requesting to look at Some shoes , which ^ on pretence of her father wanting to look at them ^ she was suffered to take away without Mr . Fisher knowing whither they were to be taken . These shoes were . subsequently pawned at Mr . Wilson ' s shop for four shillings ; and being discovered by Mr . Fisher , he took the customary means to recover his good ! . Failing to obtain them thus , the parties both appeared before the magistrates , who adjudged that Mr . Fisher should pay Mr . Wilson , the pawnbroker , four shillings , the price which he had lent upon the shoes .

      1 Impudent RoBBERVi-rRobert ; Thompson was charged before the magistrates , on Monday last , with haying entered the . house of a person named Elizabeth Bownass , of Hurislet , and stealing therefrom a shirt , waistooat , and neckcloth , whith he subsequently pawned for a trifle . The articles were traced to the pawn-shop and identified by ; the OHrherj and the pawn-tickets were found in the possession , of the prisoner . On Saturday last the prisoner was committed on a charge of stealing some linen , the Eroperty ; of Mr . Charles Scholefield , ot ^^ York Road , n his defence , he said he had bought the tickets , but could neither tell for how much hehad bought them or from whom . He was likewise committed on the second : charge .

      Eye and Ear iNFiRMARV . r-The Leeds Eye and Ear infirmary Report for March , 1838 : — Admitted , . 60 j discharged restored , 70 j remaining on the books , 140 . ; ;" .,-. Keeping Bap Company ;—On Saturday last , a ypung man named Thomas Daley , appeared before the magistrates , charging a girl narned Mary Ann Sherry , ; with picking his pocket , while in that sink of abpmination called" The Golden Buildings . ' ' It appeared that , on the evening befpre , Daley met

      with the prisoner , who enticed him to this brothel ; and while in one of the bed-roonis , extracted frpm him two half-crowns and a sixpence . He also had a tobaccorbox , which he said he found on the bed after the girl had left ; the room . On discovering his loss , he went in search of the fugitive , whom , with the assistance of a policemdn ^ he soon found , but the money had disatppeared . The magistrates said that though the case looked exceedingly suspicious against the prisoner , there was not sufticienteyidence to convict her , and she should therefore be discharged .

      Richard Oastler in tbe Fire . —Jonas Driver , a petty manufacturer , residing in New Wortley , was brought before the magistrates by warrant , on Tuesday last , charged with wilfully damaging and destroying the property of Nicholas Lenaghan . It appeared from the evidenee that Lenaghan is , occasionaliy , a newspaper hawker ; and that on Saturday last he went to the Black Horse Inn , in Swinegate , where he offered for sale the Leeds Mercury ^ Times , Intelligencer , and some other papers , as well as the Northern Star . As-an inducement to purchasers of the latter mentioned journal , he stated that with it he would give a

      splendid portrait of Richard Oastler , Esq . ^ What , that agitator , " said Driver , scowling and showing his teeth . " Yes , that incomparable patriot , " said Lenaghan , ' ^ vvill you buy a paper ? " ^ Hand me the portrait , " said Driver ; which being reached to him , he put it into the tire , and the . Northern Star likewise shared the same fate . Being asked for payment , he threatened to serve the hawker and his basket of papers with the same sauce , and positively refused to pay for the paper , tn answer to the charge , he admitted that he was drunk , and did not know what he was doing . The magistrates decided that he should pay for the paper and the expenses of the cpnvictionj which having done , he made his stay

      in Court as short as possible , and quickly found the door . Lenaghan applied for some allowance for the time he had spent in attending the Court House , for several hours that day and the day before , but the magistrates having given judgment ^ they said they could not alter their decision ; Lenaghan did not desire more than 2 s . 6 d ., which he said would not pay him for his lost time . The magistrates thought it was reasonable , and directed a policeman to accompany Lenaghan to Driver ' s warehouse , and to state that unless he allowed hiih some

      compensation for his loss of time , they would direct that an information should be laid aga ' nst him for being drunk . He positively refused to pay anything more than the magistrates had awarded , and said Lenag - han might go to the Devil for it if he chose , The information was consequently about to be laid , but to prevent the consequences ; a gentleman in the Court handed Lenaghan halfwa-crown , which he thought it better to take forhis own cheek j than have the trouble of attending again and getting nothing for his trouble after all . Was this silly fellow a Conservative operative or a little \ Vhig bantling ?

      Mysterious Circumstance . —Inquest . — On Tuesday morning last , an inquest was held on view of the body of James Lucas , aged 41 years , who was found dead in his bed on the previous morning . Two young men slept with him during the ni ght of Sunday , and did not perceive anything on their rising to attend their work on the following morning . About eight o ' clock , however , whe ' n they had returned to breakfast , a little girl weiit to call the deceased out of bed , and found that he was quite dead . Kpostmortein examination of the body took place , but no particular cause of death was elicitecL Verdict— "Died by the visitation of God . "

      Court House Curiosity . —On Tuesday last , two respectabie looking wpmen ^ named Hannah Wood , and Sarah Buckiey , appeared before the magistrates to settle a brawl which they could not decide niore privately . Mrs . Wood charged Mrs . Buckley with beating her children ^ who had given her no provocation . There were witnesses on hoth sides ' , who beth swore that the respective parties for whom they appeared had been assaulted . Mrs . Wood desired nothing but peaw , for thia Was the first time she had the curiosity to bring any ; body

      to the Court House , and she did not care if it . was the last . Mrs . Buckley had the best of evidence , and on judgment being given against her ( in which she was directed to pay 2 s . 6 d , to sbme charity j arid the expenses of the case ) , she seemed to feel all the indignation which ah honest and independent ; mind would feel when unjustly accused ., She urged the respectability of her two witnesses who were strangers to , her , and had come without any promise of reward to give their testimony , while her accuser had only one witness , whose ¦ testimony was completely contradicted . To this she was answered ( i that the

      bench had given the case a very patient hearing ; on both sides , arid they must abide by their decision ^' SdciAlilSM . —On Sunday last , two lectures were deliveredI in . thei Social Iristitutioh of this towri ^ by-Mr . Fleming , froni Manchester . ' The afterno # n lecture consisted principally of remarks upon , and replies to an article in the March No . of ^^ Blackweod ' s Magasine , headed ; . ' . ' Practical Workings of Trades Unions . " Mr , F . was exceedingly- happy in his observatiohs ; and in the soundness of a great portion of his adrice to the Unionists we '" -rftilly concur ; particularly when he advised the enrolling : of the rules of the several societies under the ; * J Berie-: fit Societies Act ; " ajstep which we hope every Union

      throughout the ^ country ryntt immediately : take , and thus put theniselyes under the protection ; of the only -law , lately -passed , at all calculated to afford prdtectioH to working : men . Mn F . also advised the withdrawal of thefunds of the Trades Unions from the Savings and otfier Banks | arid the employing of of them , ta purchasing real property for themselyesl instead of allowing the Bankers add [ other Capitalists to convert those funds into additional scourges wherewith to lash their Tictimsi the productive The lebare

      classes . ^ evening ^^^ was upon the praeticabilify of the community principle , as advocated by the Socialists . Mr . ; F . is an exceedingly clever speaker ; and his discourses appeared to make a deep impression upori'Bs auditors . Animated coriversa ^ tion 8 followed at the close of edch ^ lecture ; arid the several objections advanced , met with a ready reply . A lecture in oppogition "to some of the tenets held by the Sociaiistswas delivered in the same room , on Tuesday evening last ^ by Mr . Gregg ^ Methodist Local Preacher , of this town .

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      The Way ^ to Obtain a opop CHABArctER — -Mary Afxa Sherry ^ wai brought before the Ma ^ ig trates on ^ 'Monday last j charged with picking a man ' s pocket of 21 s * at the Golden Buildings , on Sunday night . On discovering , thb robbery she was given by the man ; fn ; charge of a policemaLn , but ; aa ^ the homme tU plaisir did not appear against the belle fillede Joie she was discharged . The same damsel was brought before the Magistrates on Saturday last , chirged withpicking aOman ' s pocket Of 5 s . 6 d . asriientidnei in-another paragraph . ;

      SwEAitiN ** A WitNfiss . —The following- ridiculous scene took place at the Court House , the other day , in swearing a witness , who was a young : nian apparently about 20 years of -age ; Mr . japaes ;—'* You ehall true answer make . " Witness had the book in bis left hand . Mr . Jatnes ; -r-Take the book in your right hand .-r- '' You shall true answer make . " Witness then took hold of the boot with both hands . Mr ; James . —Take the book in your right band .

      You shall true answer make to , ' all such questions * Witness kissed the book . Mr . James , — -Stop 1 ] stop , not so fast . —You shall true answer make * to all . Witnegs took the boot in both hands , and . grasping it with all : his might , pressed it to his lips with such force , andfor such a length of time , as to make the blood rush into his cheeks until they seemed almost as red as a turkey cock . Tke co » rt was convulsed with laughter at the poor fellow ' s simplicity ; . and after some little further trouble on the part of Mr . James , he was at last properly ; sworn .

      A Singular Fancy . —On Saturday night last , or rather on Sunday morning , between twelve " and one o ' clock , two men named Thos . M'Dbnald and Henry Rodley , were founcl fighting in a field near Kriostrpp . Being taken into custody , they were brought before the magistrates an Monday last , when they admitted the charge , arid were' bound in their own recognizances in the sum of £ 5 eachj to keep the peace for six months . Rodley was also fined 6 s . aud costs for being drunk .

      AssAUiaTiNG a Watchman , —On Monday last , a Scotchman , named Richard M'Kenzie , was brought before the magistrates charged with assaulting a watchman while taking him to th . polieepffice for lying in the street in a state of inebriation . M'Kenzie admitted that he was drunk , Hut denied any knowledge , of assaultirig the watchman . He stated that he had been a clerk in a coach-oflice at Liverpbol , and being unemployed had come to Leeds in search of . employment ; He was fined 10 s . and costs for the assault .

      Shocking Accident . —On Saturday evening last , an appaling accident occurred in Hunslet-Iane , of which the fdllowing are the , ' . partieulars :--About seven o ' clock on the night in question , Jane Hodgsori , a girl of about seven years of age , and davghter of Mr . Hodgson , of the Spinner ' s Ariris , Marsh-lane , was returning with another little girl , on Hunslet-lane to Leeds , whett they were tempted to turn behind a gig , which having done for . spme distance , they were perceived by the person driving ,

      and were whipped away . Feeling the whip about them , they let go their hold , and ran to different sides of the road . Very unfortunately , the Union Cpach / was just pasBing at the time , when ( the little Hodgson ran amongst the horses' legs , vrns thrown down , and trodden upon , ! and both wheels of the coach passed over her head and shoulders , which were crushed almost to atoms . She was , of course , quite dead when lifted from the ground . An inquest was held on . the remains on Monday afternoon last . Verdict— " Accidental death . "

      Thieves at Odds . —On Tuesday last , two rioted characters appeared befere the magistrates , each complaining of the other , of issaiiltSj damages , 8 cc . &c . One of them produeed three parts of a panriej , which she declared the other had knocked put of the door with her tist : she also complained of her having broken a ; square of glass and sundry articles in earthenwia ^ e . Jf"he defendant had likewise her complaints to make , when the other one in the mean time called her daughter as a witness . M Oh you needn ' t call her to help you out of your scrape "

      said the defendant , " for she ' s been at Wakefield for stealing a watch . " " And you ' ve been there for stealing beef , " said the complainant , . "¦¦ " so the kettle does ' ent need to call the frying pan black . " "Well , and you've been there for stealing pork , " said the defendant , " so we'd better cut our sticks , as I guess ye'll mak nout o nt . " Such ; was actually the fact ; the whole of the three had been committed ; the one for stealing beef , the other for stealing pork , and the third for stealing a watch . The complaint was not heard .

      Stealing a Neckcloth . —Maria Whittaker , a girl of the town , was brought before the magistrates on Monday last , charged with stealing a neckcloth , the property ofa boy nained George Ward . From the evidence it appeared that Ward , a lad about fifteen years old , had gone to " Goulding's Buildings , " a place of notorious ill fame , when being in a bed-room with some strumpet , the prisoner also made free to enter , and immediately decamped with the neckcloth in question . Inspector Moxon having received information

      of the robbery , pursued the fugitive whom he saw drop the neckcloth in the street . In consequence , however , of some deficiency in the evidence , the prisoner was discharged . " Goulding ' s Buildingfr . "—This place is one of the ' greatest nuisances in the town ; there are more depredations committed in this place in one week , according to the eases that come before the magistrates , than in the whole town beside in a month . Could not our liberal magistrates do something towards the suppression of such a nuisance ?

      Wilful Damage . —On Monday , Thos . Flower was brought up at the Court House ^ by his father , a respectable publican , in Leeds , in consequence of his having , on Saturday night , broken open the ¦ door , and behaved to his ; father in a violent manner . He was bound over to keep tbepeaeefor six months . himself in £ 20 , and one surety in £ 10 ; Kobbery . —On Tuesday , George Thompson Was charged at the Court House , with having , on Sunday . night , stolen two sovereigns , twenty-two shillings and sixpence , a waistcoat , and a handkerchief . The two last articles have since ; been found at a pawnbroker ' s , and fully identified . They were . the-property of Eliza Thompson , the prisprifcr ' s aunt , who resides at Beeston . He was committed for trial to Wakefield House of Correetioiu "

      Stealing Horse Gearing—On Saturday , Thomas Dixon was charged at the Cpurt House , with having , on the . day previous , stolen a pair of blinders from the head of a horse , at the Barrack Tavern , Sheepscar . He ; immediately " took thiem to the Golden Cross , near that place , - and offered therit for sale , when he was apprehended with the property in his possession , which has since be > ri identified by William Fawcett , a coal leader ; He was cpmmi <; ted fpr trial to Wakefield Hpuse of Correction .

      A

      to meet the Radicals , as they are here termed , and the chair was taken by the curate , who opened the business , ^ and told the meeting that they ^ must dispose of it as they thought fit . George Wade , Esg ., th ^ n " moved a further adjournment for twelve mbnths , and was sworided by Mr . John Scpfield . Mr . R . Doeg moved ; an amendment , that the meeting be adjourned to the 21 st March j . 1839 , and was seconded by Mr . G . L ; : Linney ; a few remarks - set the matter right with Mr . Wade , and the amendment was carried without a dissentient ; the latter gentleinan himself declared for ths amendment .

      Narrow Escape . - ~ On Saturday ^ George Lodge of Hblbeck , was . brought up : at the Court House , charged with having , sometime previously , stolen acart of the value of £ ior £ 5 y the property of Mr . Joshua Wilson ^ of Thorne 8 Hbuse near Leeds , The cart had beeri left at a smitb ' s shop in Meadow Lane , Leeds , to get repaired , and though the prfsoner was riot boseryed to siteal the cart , yet the wheels werefound in his possession , with : anew

      cart body placed upon them . Ab sppri as the prisoner ascertairied that he was suspected , he removed the cwt toManchester , and there soldit for £ 7 . 10 a , In ^ defence , the prisoner stated that the blacksmith had lent : him ; " the cart . The prosecutor pbaervedy that from the courteous manner in which the blacksmith had acted when application had been made respecting the cart , he thought he had been fully aa bad as the prisoner in the transaction The magistrates dismissed the ca 5 e . : ; ;

      A Dangerous Predicament— On Moridaj : last , a young , man named Thos . Ellice was brought before the Magistrates charged with being so . drunk as to expose himself to death by drowning . A watchman named John Boltori took the prisoner out . of the brook in > Water-lane , about halfVpjast two o ' clock : oa Sunday morning last , in which he might have been drowned had it ridt been for the timely assistance of the watchman . Prisoner could say nothing in his defence , and was fined 5 s , ard costs for beirig drunk . V ;¦/ . . . '¦ ¦ .. ' . ' .

      Untitled Article

      _ ELEpTJON OF OVER 3 K £ R 8 , OF THE Pook Z ? T Saturdaylastiihe followingr ^ t ^^ ^ JgSS overseers for their se ?« ral townships aQ d wards fi the ensuing' year . . •';¦ ,-. . ¦;¦ :: ¦ - lot ^ ~ ' - \ . '" ¦'¦"¦ : ' .:.- ' MILt HILL WARD . V ' - ' ¦ ' ¦ : ' ' ' ^ v ^^ ^ " ^ w ^ ^ rcha ^ Bona Mr . Joseph Thackrey , wool agent s Park Place , '" * ¦ - ,- ' - . '¦¦ i » ' ¦ ' ¦¦¦ w ? ' ' ward . ¦ ¦ ' ¦ : : '; : ' - -. . ' ' / Mr . Luke M ^ h ^ hatter , Uppefhead Row Mr . Joseph Reffitt , wooldyer , Hahoverrplace Mr ! Walter Stead , merchant ; Woodhorise-lane . : ¦ •;;; . ¦ : ¦ / - ¦ " - ¦ : NORTH wisTWrAHD . ; . r ¦ ' ¦ ; . ; . V ; ;¦ Mr . Matthew Johnson , elosser , Well Close Placp Mr . Thomas Anderton , lude mercharit , WaterSie ' ;¦ '¦ ' ' NOBTH WARD . ¦ ' ;¦ ' ¦ , ' -. — ' '¦ ' ' . ' ^ - ^^ ^^ ° > com miBer , York-street . Mr . W ^ am Watson ; jun . chemist , Templar-sUeet

      NORTH EAST WARD . Mr . Thomas Brumfitt , gentleman , York Road Mr . George Bedford , dyer Beckett-street . ^* Mr . JohnTLawson , iiax-spinner , Mabgate . .:: '; - ¦' ¦ ' ¦ ¦^ :: V . ¦ ,. ' . ¦ ¦ ¦ EAST WARD . : •¦ .. ' .. ¦ ' ' " Mr . John Armitage Buttery , woolstapler , KnosfFn ^ Mr-EUWMtelePtuffiD ^ fetarer , ^^ '¦" ; ' : ' - - ' ; - ^ - . - ' ^ wb . kgate .: Ward ; -: ' '¦ -,... ¦ . ¦ :, " - '• Mr . John . Ycwdal , grocer , Briggate . ' ¦ ' .. ' " south ward . ¦ : ' :- •¦ Mr . Thomas Holt , Blayd ' s Court , Hxinslet-larie Mr . John Beatley , paiper-maker , Hunslet-lane *

      OUT-TOWNSHIPS . . " : - . '' ¦ ¦ " : .:. "' ; ' ¦ : ' ¦ : ; : ¦ '' HUNSLET . ' .: "¦¦ '¦ ¦ :: ; : ' . ¦ : : ¦ Mr . John IngramV gardener , Sayner's-lane ' * William Waf ] ey , woolstapler , Bowling-green terrace , vHolheck ; & & = ^ u ¦ V ^ osep ? ^^? bricklayer , X 3 hapel . st , Hunsfet ; HuSlet . - ° - ^ 8 terer ? tw-ro § ¦• . ' :- : ¦ ¦• ¦ ' ' V " ;• , ; - : HOLBECK . : " JohnWatson , groper , Sweet-street . "' ; John Jackson , miller , Hunslet-lane . >^ Joseph Rpgerg , innkeeper . ¦ ¦ " ¦ John Yates , china-merchant , Royds .

      ¦; ., _ - ,,. ¦ : .,- , ARMLEY . . ¦•¦ . - " John Holdsworth . . " John Walker . . / . . } ¦ : "' ¦ ¦ , - ' \ - ¦ -- ¦ ¦ >¦ ¦'¦¦ ¦ WORTtEY ;— ' ¦ . - - . - ¦ ¦ " - ¦ ¦¦¦ - " Robert Sugden , Bar-row , Sheepscarr ¦ .. «> William Wpodhead ; / :- ¦ •¦ " ¦ ' : ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ; - - ; ' FARNfcEY . ' ' * Thomas Holdsworth , near Farnley-Hall . ^ Samuel Boyes , fanner , Famley-lane-side . : -- - ¦ .. ¦ . ¦ . '¦¦" ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦; - .. ¦ ¦ .- v-: ' -: bRamley .: ; . '' ¦ ..- , - ¦'¦ ¦ ¦' ¦ ¦' . ' : ¦ ¦ " Josh . Musgrave vclothier , New-Road . ¦ " WilUam Bradshaw , clothier , Moor-side . :- -: ' ' ' - ; ¦¦¦ ¦ ¦ - . [\ ¦ ; ¦ ¦ ¦' ;¦¦ ' " ;/ ^ HEADiNGLEtV-: " ; " , ¦ . ' . ' ¦ :. ¦ ' ¦ ; : ";; JobjaEddispnj cloth-maiiufactuTer . «¦ * Thomas Smith , wdol-stapler . ^ ( JHAFEL ALLERTOX . ^ Thomas Prince , woollen cloth dyer . " Fraukland Paley , , ; : FOtTERSlEWTON . " John Howspnj tanner . " William Neale , gentieman , MEtANCHOLY Suicide . —On Thursday moro ing last , an inquest was held at the White Horee-Wopdhouse Cart , before John Blackburn , Esq , coroner , ; on view of the body of Mary Mawson ' aged seventeen years ; and six months , and resident in that place . From the evidence adduced before the coroner , it appeared' that the deceased iad had some words with her ; father , ¦' .: an aged man some weeks ago . A young : man whp paid to addresses to her , testified that she had said to him that if her father struck her : any moreshe wobH

      , drown herself . Wiether ; or -not there had beta any ; subsequent disagreement between her and is father , was riot elicited ; but on Tuesday weet ile was missing , and herformer words exciting suspicion the mill-dam of Mr . Clapham was dragged fori considerable tinie , in hopes of finding ; the b 63 f but in vain . Upwards . .. of a week : elapsed without any tidiags beirig heard of the deceased , it length the dam was again dragged pri Wednesday last , arid the body of the unfortunate young woman was found , therein , arid ; immediately conveyed to the White Horse , where the inquest was held ow the remains , arid the jury returned a . verdict of ¦ " Found Drowned . " ,

      JDE ^ SBUR-SV Guardians . —On Thursday week , the electionof Guardians took place at the Wellington Tavern / for the township of Dewsbury . Seven gentlemen iad been proposed , but Messrs . Titus Senior Brooi , Williani Newspme , James Cardwell , and josejli Bushwbr ^ h , are the successful ; candidates by rather a large majority . Thel above Guardians are erituelj opposed to the New Poor Law ; Dewsbury Petty Sessions , Saturday-Fa cxory Ijtforbiations . —Messrs . Bates and Bai « i the superintendents under the Factories' RegulatioD Act , appeared to prove several informations agaM

      the Healey New Mill Cpmpany , arid their agenfe The informatidns ; were for working the children under illegalcertificates , beyond the hours appointed by the Act , and for neglecting to send them to school Mr . Baker proceeded to state in reference to to charge of illegal certificate , that the coriipany M dispensed with the sendees of the regularly appointed surgeon , Mr . Wiseman ; arid-had employed a Mr . Smith , whose name was signed to the certificatejfe then produced , of Sarah Moss , John Toulsori , and Joseph Pollard , which he cpnsidered in ppint of fid ^ no certificate at all . Mr . Archer , who appeared ffir the defendants , contended the terms of the Act had

      been complied with , which only retired that tte certificate should be signed by u sdinc" surgeon ot physician . He produded a certificate signed by tie said Mr . James Smith pn the 8 th Npvember ' last , and cpunfersigned by Mr . Saanders , ( Mr . Baker ' s superior officer ) on the 15 th of the same monti ) which , he contended , was a sofllcient prppf that the certificates were legally signed . Mr . Baker contended that the defendants were bound to prove tot Mr . Sinith wag a regular practitioner . Aifr . Archer denied it * and said they had no right to admit wkt Mr > Smith was , the onus lay upon ttie complaining party . Mr . Baker observed that Mr . Smith ought to

      come forward ; arid prpve it himself . Mr . Irighaffl remarked that if Mr . Sinith was riot a regnlarfj educated surgeon , the certificate was useless , and thendStee : he was inclined to think that Mr , Baier was ^[| lBnd to prove that he was neither surgeon or physician , in order to iufly make out a case . Mf . Baker said Mr . Sinith was not on . the list of surgeonJ . He produced-the Ksti but Mr . Archer objected that it was not evidence , as the lists were ahnostneceisarilr imperfect . After some further conyersatioiit Mr . Ingham observed that the point was a shignlar one tohiiri , and he should wish die decision to stand over fora fortnight . In the meantime he shodite

      glad to examine any evidence which either parr might furnish him , in order to assist his judgment The decision was therefore adjourned . —Mr . Baler then put in the certificate of Joseph Pollard , wHch was not countersigned by a magistrate . Mr . Archer immediately admitted iteillegafity . Mr . Bakerneit charged the Company with working children . oflitf thirteen years 01 age more than nine hours adaj . Mr . Thomas Bedford admitted that the cWm were worked foil dine ( eleven honrs-eachday . ) '' .. Jfr * Baker inquired of Pollard his age ; he replied M ^ 13 . Mr . Archer observed that the certificate wb $ wassigried by Mr . Wiseinariyin 1836 , stated him {!»> to be l ^ yeare of age , and it was rather smgulari ; he waitiMer that age in 1838 . Mr . Iriidiam dooP

      whethSPPe could hear the defendants upon that ce * tificate f which they had admitted to % eMe § i& consequence of riot being countersigned . Their wmission of its illegality bound themtojproye tbatd * lad was 13 years of age . Mn Archer thencontend ^ that according to the 43 rd section of the Act & Bench could onl y convict once in any one'd *^/ - was rather too much to be fined for working ^ without a certificate , and then be fined for riot hayingao ^ tificate at all . Mr . Baker observed that the W charge- was not having a proper certificate ©» secondly , for working more than nine hours * &fy ~ It was agreed ultimately that the case shonlil ^ considered as heard , and the decision postooM ™ The rest of the informations were postponwl ° *~ the next Court day . Mrv Hagne refused toin tertere in ; any way with the decisions , in consequence 01 being a proprietor of mills .

      Indecent Assault . —Two boys from Dawfftf * named John Hague and John Webster , were m «* 8 s ^ each for indecently assaulting Mary Smith , 8 # ? twelve years of age . Matthew Mitchell arid Ma » W Field were ^ also fined for a similar assault np

      : " - ¦ ¦•¦ ¦¦ ¦ . - - - HAUFAX . •'¦ :.,: ;; . > f The Om > Fellows HAiL ; --Thi 9 . flon ^ 2 body of iriaividuals of the Loyal IndependentV ^ of Odd Fellows of the Manchester Unify , ""^ Halifax district , have commenced building a sPaCj \ hall , in Cabbage-lane , near St . Jariies' Chnrc ^ having purchased 1000 square yards of W *^ L > that purpose of G . PoUard , Esq . JtUt $ to ** r fronts , one to yictoria-street ^ the other to Cabo ^ TftTii . anil naloiilafoi ? fn . liniA- Kh <\ n nprSOlW . * .

      bmloirigyScc . will cost them about £ 5000 , W ^ be appropriated for the purpose of holding f » - meetirigSj lectures / . &c . ; It is to he ^^ ' ^ yards long , thirteen yards wide , and eigo * . ?* S , high . There will also be ; a gallery , capable « w ing three ¦ hrindred persons , and a recess for tw commodation of speakers ^ reporters , &c . ; - ; : ¦ , : FECUNbiTy .--Eleven ewes , the P ^^^ JpnathaQ Akrpyd , Esq . ; on his estate at vPV ^ L * near Halifax , have recently produced ; & « if lambs . ) : ¦¦ ' " : ¦ ' ¦ ¦ •' -- ' . ' ¦ ¦ . ¦ ¦ ' ¦' : ; : ; ; ' ¦ "¦•" ) . ' ' : '' - . .- ¦ : ¦ ¦

      To Beadebs & Cobrespo Ndents

      TO BEADEBS & COBRESPO NDENTS

      Untitled Article

      Several correspondents who should have been replied to last week uere neglected ; Mr . Hill being sick , some of their communications' are noticed below . " Our yputhful Queen" is more gallant than poeti-¦ m ? ' : ' ¦ ¦ ' ¦ ' " ¦ ¦ ¦ - ¦ ¦ ¦ - ¦ ¦ " ¦¦ ; ' ¦ ' " •¦ ' ' ¦ ¦ . ' Abecedarian . We advise him to git to school and learn so to arrange his words as that people may be able to find out his meaning . ¦ O . O , T . His lines have some merit , hut they are too long , and will require trimming up a ¦ ' bit . - . . " ¦ ¦ ¦ - ¦ - '¦ . . - . '¦; ' v i "' ¦ ¦ . : ¦ - . . ¦ - '¦

      Mr . Oastler 8 Letter to Lord Brougham was not received until the matter for the paper was so far in type as to render it impossible to find room for it . It shall appear next week . Mr . John Finch .-r- We are in the same predicament with Mr . Finch ' s letter as with Mr , Oastler s . This may be partially 1 accounted' fa > on the score of our going to press a little earlier than usual , because of the extra demand . We greatly fear whether we shall be able to give all Mr . F . ' s previously published letters , especially in one number . J . Darken , Norwich . We had not forgot our ' exceUent friend ; he shall be attended to ; and the fMraUshe wants shall be tent through Mr . Hetherington ; perhaps nertweek if opportunity offers .

      The Sabbath . —Our attention is directed by a correspondent to some old statutes by which Sunday contracts are illegal , and persons buying and sell ing on Sunday * are liable to be fined . W . Ti is an impudent fellow and a cowardly elanderer besides . No Agitator—wSl say that we have made tew qf the information contaiiied in his letter j which was much too long for our space this week , and would have grown stale before another . Legal Questions . —Several important legal questions have been received , but as Mr . O'Connor is from home they cannot leatiswered this week . Mr . Lawson , Bolton . —We sincerely regret the hiconvenience , which arose from no neglect of his , but was occasioned by an oversight at this office

      Untitled Article

      4 \ ; - ¦¦ - - __; _ .. - - . - ,:. -. / -frftl ^ N ^ . ^ i ;/^ :, ^ : ^

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), April 7, 1838, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct840/page/4/