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Northern Star (1837-1852), 8th April 1843, Edition 4 of 4, Page 1, Untitled Ad

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      Untitled Ad

      VERBATIM REPORT OF THE CHARTIST TRIALS AT LANCASTER . THIS DAY IS PUBLISHED , No . 2 , OF A VERBATIM EEP 0 RT OF THE RECENT THULS OP FEARGUS O'CONNOR AID 58 OTHERS , AT LANCASTER , FOR RIOT , SEDITION , TUMULT , AND CONSPIRACY " . THE above Work will be Published in Weekly Numbers of 64 Pagas of Royal Octavo , Edited by FEARGUS O'CONNOR , E « q ., Barrister-at-Law , and to which will be added A SEOBT ACCOUNT OF THE CAUSES OF THE DISTURBANCES OF AUGUST AND SEPTEMBER 1 LAST , With Notes upon the TriaJ ; also a Dedication to Baron ROLFE . A SPLENDID POETEAXT OP THE JTJST JUDGE WHO PRESIDED , WILL BE PRESENTED WITH THE LAST NUMBER ( GRATIS ) To those who have been Subscribers to the Work . The Portrait will be Executed with a view to its being placed a 3 a Frontispiece , and when completed , which will be in about four Numbers ; the whole wiil make a valuable work . Pricj 7 d . a Number , m u ¦ wrapper . The Portrait gratis . i Subscribers and Agents are requested to give their Orders to Cleavr , 1 , Shoo Lane , Fleet Street , London ; Heywood , 60 , Oldham Street , Manchester ; and Hob 3 ON , Northern Star Office , Market Street , Leeds . . « . •¦» - > '

      Untitled Article

      ( Concluded from onr eigJtlh paffe . J f tratinide on tnemif it wished , bat the country fjfrerj differently . The Right Hon . Baronet the Secretary of State for the Home Department said + vS BOihing coul 3 i » more satisfactory than the SgehES , not excepting Mb own , which had been , £ * $ » against the motion , and seemed io suppose 1 ] aj this question , that interested mfllions of the wjrkiz . s d ^^ es j " $ ras * ° be < ji ? posed o £ and that hs iVf , Daneombe ) was to he pni down by a . bad joke « a the part of ibB Bight fion Baronet about mono--3 J 3 J . —( A . laugh . ) He might be guiliy of mono-—jcia , but ii" he were it was a monomania which -n ^ s pa rticipated in by almost every individual of tte Hc « i > 5 . —( Laughter ) ' . There were Tery few in * £ niMiaiac niriiig districts who « id not feel that jjnsrj "was necessary into the whole of these factions . < Hear , hear . ) With regard to the msfci of the Learned Attorney General , any one

      ¦ jrefild haTe supposed from it tbai the pitsent motion ^ one ia approbation of the placard which he resile IBe S 0 QSe - It ^^ a ^ P ^ ech which possibly I ] jj ] j&d already delivered at the Lancaster Assizes ; jnjt jhis moaonia-d nethmg to do "wiih the proseCBW ten which there took place . He ( Mr . DanoombJB jade do complaint of ihose prosecations , or of toil jnaiucr in wbich they had been condncied . by the j&oniej General and the Government ; aud the trial j sec cosvif son of th 9 persons so prosecuted had no-. I j > ixii ^ rhnte ver to do with the ca > e before ihe House , j TTlia ; ise ewepiained of on lie part of the pt-ople j ToTzh ? miscoc ^ uci of Magistrates in refusing bail j lo icd ' . Tiduais oa account of their poiit-cal opinions , oi TiqsmBg sn ainonnt of bail impossible , or so ! | j j

      esri ^ e , as to amount to a rcfosal of bail . He j complained that certain persons had been arrested , S 2 J pniij 3 to tieloci-nphcuse of Manchester , and ; oicr places , and there detained for fire or six days pr ^ rlons xo being carried before the Magbtr&tes for examination , aud af terwards detained for three days KS > re tfcev were ii&enned , there beipg no ch&Tg « agsia ^ tfce m ; ibai tie Msgisiratea Knew at the j tiice thai there was no charge against them , and j thai 3 ir . Besrrkk , the superintendent of police , iiu . Tr that he « ould not procure the evidence for yrbioi he ransacked the town of Manchester . That j ptri of his C 3 S 3 had noi been answered by the I AUGrn ^ T-GeneraL He had not told the honse why licee-peTSWB had no » been called up for ex « ma&- ; j i | ; ; \ ' . | j i ] i |

      non . He said that Leach was connoted on aa arrest of thirteen days . Those thirteen days were after the first arrest when the case went to Liverj » col and was altogeiher abandoned . At the end of September be was again arrested and kept in prison for 5 CTE& days , and ihen it was that he was tried and couTicied . Bui whether he was convicted or not had nothing io do wiih the legality or illegality of ihe conduct of fee Al&gismnesv Jx vras the "wish of ihs Bight H p n . Baronei , and be bad hhmseif do doni :, thai this motion wcnld be supported by a tot 5 mall minority , but he had the satisfaction of ino ^ igthsi i ; would meet with the approbation of a gT 22 i msj-jiitj of the people of the country . The House then divided , when there appeared , — -

      for Mr . Duncombe ' s motion 32 Against it 196 Majority » . —164 ' Os this subject the Timss oi Tbn-sday tlrns iscirfc : — " We ais not generally disposed to regard with o ^ eidsi faTonr the csnficct cf theD = mocratic section in the Bcuse of Commons ; asd , as our readers Slsow , we 1 st .- iocjhJ it j matter cf so slight felicitation to aU who "reins either the dignity oi the time of our Lsgisliiors , that this class has of late years become smalle ? is its mnni ) er 3 scd ttucWtr in its tone .

      After this i 3 thtir nniseceesarj- preface , we may be dlywcd to urprsss our thrnvks to Mr . Danconsbe—^ who is B-ys the ' Dnlce dtens coltaneEqne itrum' with ihe fsj ± fni eipcctantj ! of a Chartist -MiilfcrninEi—foT h » Tirg broncht btfore the notice of the House the petition of SiTeiaJ persons cbaiged with participation in the iistiataiicfes of last autumn , and theix treatment by &t magistrates who exaniined them . Its petitions presented by the Bon Member for Tizibrrn were from twenty-two men , principally natiTts cf iLe northern and western counties , snd mast of them , * = bs ! if ? e , connected "with the Chutist Association . Ocr reisers will best learn the natnre of the grievances cf f > I . i £ h they complain from the follosricjs extracts : — itr petition of George White ^ ne'Hra . ag-nX , of BiiaangSsBi , states that

      he" sis arrested on the 26 th day of Angust last , sad wi * brought be&HB 3 Ie £ Ers . Spoojiei , B ^ sile , Moorsum , and oiher mugistrstas , ana was conjmni * d to "Warsdck G- -cr ; ty Gaoi y * * tbat he *• thereupon applied fcr ' i 3 Te to put in bail , -whieh was agreed to by the Bias = < . -trates , who demanded six sureties in £ 100 each , sr . d tiiinsdf in ^ 600 , with forty-tight hours' notice ; that he had good and sufficient bail then prssent in court , who were well fcnown to be sneb by the magistrates ; and B . Speonfir , Efq , one of her Mrgeety ' s jEiticea of the peace , informed him fthe petitioner ) , in

      opes court , that he should not accept sny person holdiig similar political principle to those cf the petitioner , ss "hsiil on his behalf The petitioner then g&es on to rtli- r ; , that , Up-warda of fourteen respectable traues-ErTi and shopirtpers t £ rdoed tbi t *? j }\ ££ &s hoi ] on bet' * f of the petitioner , and wers ? tfus « 2 ; * * * tbi . he was , in conscguecce , confined in cold and » ftr ¦ : < l » ica tKil tfwa fclfSfiU Wtfifc : 3 D < 1 * * thi . ht "stsb nltiiBatdy obiiged to Hiiit application i » tbr C « rt of Queen ' s R-nch , and tha-. his bail vas ai Izi : i' -cxj / . od bv an order from ilr . Justice CrtssiceU . '

      " It > t ! j * tition cf BBorhrr , John Wesi by . same , a bsi . i- oom -o-fc&Ter , of D = T " -y , shows that tBe peutioner * vis sirsstfed on the 23 Lh day of Septesabe ? last npon 1 dirge of s&dition . and was brought before Sir J . BCiT * , 3 E £ » i « &ate for the conriy of J > t ? b 5 ; that he "wssrequired to find bail to the amount of £ 400 , which trcaiaenng the station re life of your p % titioner , is , in tbs cptsion of your petitioner , ExceEsiYs snd nnconstitu&dal ; and that , for the want of such bail , ts was cosEiLted to the Consty Gaol tf Darby , where he was jfccei in solilary eonnaeraeBt . *" "Tbs pfcfition of Kobsrt Brock , a Echoolmaster , of TodmoriiEn , contains amoEgst other declarations the IcliuTrics : —that he was * arrested at his 0 " ! 7 n -honse upon a charge of sedition , conspiracy , et < 2 riot , and was bro-ctfct before John Grossley , E-q ., and James Taylor , ^ E ^ 3 , wten the formsr acaicsstd trrn in suca terms as ttiesa

      " * 1 have cot ysn at last , and 1 cm glad of it , asd I "bib &ie esre to putiiO you . Tou have giTen me a deii cf trcnKe Trite writing to that rasczBy northern Shir ; ' that L * -bss rtq-aired t& fixfi bail , himsfclf in the £ Hn cf £ 200 and two surfctifcs in £ 100 each ; and when two j-tisous of good and unMeniished character , bcth n > tn of property , tcth yoUrs of the "West Biding of Torishirr , uffeitd as baE , the said magistrates told them , * He ¦ wenlfi not tak ^ their bail , Vt-c&nse they were Ckartieis ; and be irc nld no : tate S Cfccrtist as a bondfi-SiaD . for he -was det ^ rmiitai to put uoirn the Chartists

      in Jodmor&aC Finaily tLfefc bondEmtn were accepted ; . - the petitioner was again :-rreitfcd and brought befcre csrtsiD magistrates at Msnd esttr , and rcqnested to £ cd otierbsil , himstlf to the amonnt of £ 400 , and t » e iuretits cf £ 500 each ; bat uot br-icg sble to do k > , he was seal away to Ejildsle , acd tTtuizully brought up at lirerpoo ] hefore Lcrd Abicger ; . . . ttal he -S 2 S iept ir piison cu account of such exten-STs tail beicg rtgnirtd , uctil the trials came en at 2 iTcrj . ^ el , it Act LonJ JMvyer reduced his bail as fallows —/ am himself £ 60 D and sureties to Uie amount of £ 600 , £ fc tiuadj £ 2 # o . and sureties iriOS . -

      _ 1 o these -are -am add bn ; « ce caas more , that of a apor . d , ne-j Stckfr-spoE-TTeiit , trho compl 3 iEB that C : -w ts ctnanitted by a magistrate of Newcastie-under ias : wi a « harge of felony ; that the magistrate , w > en = ficdTrhat bail wcnld te sufficient , rtj-lied that J t 2 d . aDa " » J > his mixd lid to a ) ov > t 5 T . . . . . marttg ijv ^ -ijg- ; tije ptt-jiottj-j -src-uld be la : ki * 3 '' = ' ^* fi * petitior-fcr -was krei i = g = al for tigt ' . ; > - tritQ at Sbfitid by Sy * dal * CtE : ir . ii . ? ion , . . h * Mqoarf , bicacse iK Jary could no : believe the fiitr-tri s on ha cftji .

      ^* taipsaly abstain frcm referrin ? to the other « - ^ -tr C 0 Ltsine , 3 in tbtse pttiikng ; and vhts wt loci aL ^ v ** 32 ^ fnic 6 ; irac : es with whica they teem . ™« a > e £ cnnt 3 ucia £ j . hit -wt'chthi-y fcr . stfce towariis ! Z . 'tre cmcerntd in patting do-srn xhe riots , we r ~ ° \^ * 2 : et thst the motion of 3 dr . Daueembe 2 s ° } mn -Ud to an inquiry into the one main and sa ^ p-h - S ^ fFscce -sriijch was sc KTerely fill by many o * ^" - i \ t ! ti --fc * s— "we nieun tit ucwarrattable rtfiifca : * „ b ? ^ e naim ^ a' ^ s t , nms csrs , and ttifcir

      ^ P ; -J WiWiiraiitabie ca-ra of exc « siTe bai ! in $ 7 ^ tA . * Petiticis bet-c congcea to this nna t ^ A . EBGeE 2 td » atd n-. o £ t TmccnstifutionJ slretcb ^ "t ^ ' ECIEe SW « a : tht hare coa-e cf thtm . For ¦ R- , ^ 1 ^* Eot i 11 ^ - ^ to ee * the magistrates of » wwiushhe . Sn . 5 o . ^ bire , or Larcashire " crucified-£ Z , ^ ttfe House—tnJ in the prt ^ nt consUtn-¦ Jm ^^ v " 5011 * 6 Jrac ' fconiMe catasV : cphe iBuot liis' ^ u - re ; do ^ e t-tfitTe thai the tspoEure cf xno £ » T - CtC £ e "Bcu 3 d i-ST * ' ^ t ** ti 3 t same time ils --ieiattt tEiiiiLn . tnt , and the btbt prtTtntiTe of ** JcCE 17 £ Ec * .

      ctaB *^ ' " ^^^ do ? prtsitins a decent and modeiatt - "i » i-lC . u pon one definite and intfcili ^ ible srwund , the C ^ f ® prajtr was preftired by Mr . Djneombe ^¦ w ^ uay Girerged into a -raguB and ismbiing statec _^^_ * £ r » rral and imaginary ; unsupported and Jsets ??^ * ' ' CT ™ "wllfcre confirmed ^ by testimony ^ j ^ cge . aer ttEjnsEfiyi bj the peculiai drcumstancea 2 ^*~ £ the tmtbreai . "What , therefore , was tns T » lfe ? 1 £ liee ' natural consf quence , of such am im-Sfeh ^ tt 8 e T ^ hy ^ tnat the real cist of the comfgH ^ * lost sight oi , and the attention of the house 0 ^*? ° ** ay in diecaaaing the criminality of partlcolw ^^^ J ^ a jtod the good intention * of particular magiafcaiiw +. j i 6 miJn Pohit—the real grievance , namely , ^ - ^ Mn-werebroaghtiefbre certain magistrates , ^ j ^* Tflib felon y , aend ndademeanonis , for Trnida tfae ^^ sBjoms the admiadon of bail , and that the ^ s- ^ ateg of thsii own accord refused proper bail—* = « afiaed to glide out of Tiew ^ ltogfcther VUb Ul T 1 OV ! ftl

      _ . 7 ? -w ** w ^ jmub W ^ UIf . t . bj t ° I £ ^^ "" ^ J ^ bfc JanE ^ S 6 ^ " ^ ' « -- -Chartist oratora : it wts -riolent , iliesal , and j —^ itatlonaL Bnt we say that lie acts of tke ^ t ^ ere equally -violent , equally illegal , equally ^— -KJVBfccBal . The ChartiiU had no right to asenj-^ s et ha , to stop mias , impede work , and to mate

      Untitled Article

      inflammatory speeches . This was riot , sedition , nay , according to the Attorney Genera ] , it was treason . Bui be it remembered , none of the prisoners were charged with treason ; they were charged with riot and sedition ; and for these the law allows men to be bailed ; and to ha-pe refused bail under such eircumstances eonyicts the magistrates either of the most monstrous ignorance on points -upon -which the commonest textjW > 0 i 8 might lia-re illmnfcd them , or of the moat flagrant | &hd culpable indifference to the duties of their station Jtis no excuse to say they meant well in -what they did ; T » e believe they did mean well ; but they onght to have known the la w better , and to have administered it more temperately .

      | ! ! Only conc ^ iTe for a moment any men of such edncatioy an 3 intelli gence as it is only fair to suppose tha generality of country magistrates possess ^ , —only cunceive thesa men , with the acts 60 ih George III ., c i ., stct . 2 , and 7 th George IT ^ c . 64 , staring them in the face , rsf using to accept as bail men who Wrre of the same political opinions as the prisoner . ' Or fancy a man in the commission of the pence declarh-g that he " would not take a Chartist as a bondsman , for he wob determined to pnt down the Chartists . " It was not twthont reason that Mr . Bsron Boife , in his admirable cba » gii at Lai ; ca > ter , reminded the Jury tfcat it . was not the object of the commission to put down Chartism , but to punish those who supported it in an illegal way . But , however ignorant we might have presupposed a justice of the peace to be va every point of constitutional la" ° »—and we certainly were not disposed to . stint our anticipations on this head—yet we

      were prepared nd any men so deluded as to expect—and not only to txptct , but to publiah abroad their expectations—that they Bheuld be able to put down any political party , or crush any pelifcical opinion , by dealing harshly with those who snpport « 3 it . And this in England , too , where , under all chcomstances , and in every fortune , men are ready and glad to appreciate fair play in their opponents , " and wbtT = there is a fixed popuiar reverence for the idea of Law—that here men , acting in a judicial eapaeity , SDOUlcl avail themselves Of its facilities for injuring an obnoxious class , should pervert jnstice into hostility and judgment into oppression . '— why , it is a thing onJy oce -degree less wiefced than it is silly , and is only saved from being laughable for ils abtur . ' -ity by btinj pitiable for the infatuation which it betrays

      " But we trust that the magtttrates will profit by this publicity . Lord Denman has prononaced his opinion upon them ; ths people will form theirs ; the Bouse of Commons has not censured them , thanks to the supeiflnoas matter of the petitions . We would only express a parting wish that they will , with decent and modest diligence , resume the perusal of their forgotten Burners and Blacfcstones , and set about learning -what they profess to dictate—the laws of EjglanO . ''

      Untitled Article

      Cotton , a lawyer , who wrote on the subject of enclosing , S 3 id— " In the carriage of this business there must be much caution to prevent commotion , " and bo recommended , ' that plots shall be devised to tfce inhabitant ! 1 at and under easy values . " Lord Chancellor Bacon

      strenuously urged the enclosure ot waste hinds , with this condition , " so that the poor common ! ra may ha ^ e no injury by such enclosures . " A report ( drawn up by Sir J . Sinclair ) of n select committee of tbe House of Commons appointed for the purpose of consiileriDg the subject , was in these words— " If a general bill were to be passtd , every porsrble attention to th « rights of the commoneTS would necessarily be paid . The poor would then evidently stand a better chance of having their full share undiuiimsbed . '' But waa any Hon . Member of that Honse prepared to deny that the public had a right to these waste lands ? Why ¦ what mwant tue Btanding order on tbe table of the hcust ? " That in every bill for enclosing lands , provision be

      made for leaving an open space in the most appropriate situation , sufiicieut for purposes of exercise aud recreation of the neighbeuriog population ; and that the committee on the bill have before them the number of acres proposed to be enclosed , as als'i of the population in the parishes or places in whicii the land to be enclosed is situate ; and also do eee that provision is made for the ( fficient fencing of tho allotment , for the investment of the same in the churchwardens and overseers of the parish in which such open space is reserved , and for the efficient making aad permanent maintenance of the fences by such parish ; and that in

      any case where the iufurmatiuu hereby required is not given , and the required provisions are not made in tbe bill , the committee ou the same do report specially to ths House the reasons for not complying with such order . " The poor mas : had a right to call on the House to recognize this principle . In many parts of England the poor for ceniurits had cut turf and peat for their consumption during winter ; but 06 regretted to say in many parts of England tb 6 landed proprietor had taken advantage of the poor ceasing to practice their rights for a certain number of years , and had tben prohibited them from doing so fur ever . It was said in an old

      diiiucb" Great is the crime in man or woman To sttal a goose from off a common ; But surely he's without excuse Who steals the common from tbe goose . " In many parts of the country the working classes , more particularly the poorer portion of them—and he spoke positively with re ^ erd to many of the bandloom ¦ we avers In his own neighbourhood—had been enabled to live comfortably through the erjajment of these rights , ¦ which of late yearB had thus been t ^ fcen away from them . If every Jion . Member in tbat House would declare his conscientious conviction , after a due consideration of thU subject , he would certainly avow himself to be in favour of the allotment system . He

      knew that some Hon . Members , even during tho preeont » j * tem , had declared that the system had not worked -well wbera It liaCl botl ) p » t h > practice ; bnt he was prepared to prove qnite the reverse , and that it proved the greatest blessing wherever it had been udopted . He was sure that he should convince the House that if Vhe allotment system of waate lands were adopted , it would prove , to a gteat extent , the salvalion of tbe country ; for it must be clear to ail , that if s . imethirg ¦ were rst done for the working claBses , and tbat speedily , the consequences would be most serious , i Hear , hear . ) The Government were sitting on the verge of a voles no at the present moment , which might >> nrst forth with mischievous effect , unless

      precautionary measures were taken . Thousands were va want and suffering , and had borne their distress and privation witb patience and humility , tbat had been praised by almost evey member of her Majesty ' s Government ; but praise would not fill their empty bellies— ( h * ar , hear . ) Those poor people had waited with earnest anxiety to see what would be done for them in the present sesbion , which was near " : y half over—( bear , and no . ) At all events , Hon . Gentlemen weie about to enjoy the Easter festivities ; bnt what had they to say to the people ? What had they doEe ?—( hear , hearo There had been a great deal of talk , but not one practical- measure which would give relief to the poor —( hear , hvar ) Tbe workins

      classes laughed at the idea of foreign colonization ; ihey would never sanction it ; for it had been tried , and not a ship came home from tbe colonies which difi not bring some disappointed wretches who had suffered more abroad than at home , and would rather die of starvation at home than be transported again to a distant colony . But , he would proceed to state some other important facts . In the parish of Long NewtoD , in the county of Gloucester , the effects of the system were these : — " The late Mr . Estcourt statui ., that nut of 196 persons there were 32 famUiea , consisting of 14 u persons , iu tbe depth of extreme poverty . Tbe pou---rates amounted to £ 324 13 s 6 d- in 1801 The result of the alietinent system was an immediate abatement

      in the misery of the poor ; the rnf > £ t gratifying improvement in their character and morals ; and a progressive diminution in the poor-rates down to £ 135 . in 1829 ( the latt year reported ) : ( Hear , hear ) . In Skipu > : > - moyue , an adjoining parish , the same results w < r * exptrieneed . In the small parish ef AsDey , whtre tbe same plan was pursued by the H- < n . Member for Oxford , the same results followed . In the parish of Lyndon , in Rutlandshire , where the cottagers had been aliowed these privileges for at least 200 years , an enclosure took place , and an bilctment was reserved for the use of the poor , and to be let to the cottagers at moderate rents . The happy result * of the system wire described in a letter written by the E trl of Wincbilseu ,

      on tbe 4 th of January , 1796 , to Sir John Sinclair , ths President ef the Board of Agriculture . " Lord Winchilsea in that letter said he bad made inquiries ir . ts the effect of giving Bniall allotments of land , and that be was more and more convinced that nothing could be of greater benefit to the labourers and tbe lando -etntxB . The working people were enabled to better their condition , anc to mate their homes comfortable , an-J to keep a cow oi a pie . BD \ thus they btcauie bttter able to do thtir wori , W re more coutented in their station , anC arquirea » sort of independence acd self-re pect whicu prevented them fom becoming fcuidinsome to others ; the effect was beneficially feU upon the poor-rates . Lord Winchiisea also wished that Parliament would

      never make an enc osure without setting asiee a portion of land for the uss of the poor ; an > l be mentioned tbe case of one family -which enjoytd the privilege during 200 yeara , and never did one of them receive relief from the parish . After quoting other extracts from this letter to the same effect , the Hon . Member said be thonght he bad read sufficient , he was sure , from that letter , to show ihe advantages of the system he was now advocating , proving , as the letter did , that fot 209 years it bad worked beneficially to the lower orders . But he held in his hand the report of a gentleman whose opinion he supposed would have great iEflueccB with the Right Hon . the Secretary for the Home Department It was that of Mr . Power , respecting the county ot Cambridge , aa ateted in tbe Poor Law Commissioners * Report for 1834 , page 103 : —

      " Allotment of small portions of land to labourers for tbe purpose of employing their leisure hours , giving them a feeling of dependence on their own exertions , and bettering their condition by increased sustenance and comforts , is beginning , much to the credit of tbe landowners , to be Tery generally adopted In this oounty . Of the excellent efftcto of tbu practice I tun provided with testimony from , » any quartern . At Wells fifty acres are now granted by the Bishop of Bath and Wells to two hundred and three persons , in quantities varying from one-twe ] ftb to half an acre , at a rent of 12 Ehiilinga and sixpence the quarter of an acre . Of these persons not above ten ai 6 unmarried , and many are widows . ' The average of each family being taken at five , upwards of 1 , 000 persons vtt > thus benentteU . No stipulation is mado against the receip '

      Untitled Article

      of parochial relief , but the veault haa been to the same < ffect , as only three of the number receive parochial relitf , two of Whom are infirm persons who would othtrwiBa be in the workhoune , and the third , also infirm , belongB to Bristol . Twenty-nine uaniea were

      pointed out cf pei&yns wbo formerly bad received relief , but had discontinued it since tfaey had got land . Many Dissuuteis have allotments . Tfie following is an account , on an average of mx ytars , of tbe profits of a quarter of an acre : — £ . s . d . Rent for a quarter of an acre 0 12 6 D . ^ ging 0 8 0 -Manure 0 10 0 Sued ... 0 3 0 Planting 0 4 0 Hoeing , & . a ., 0 8 0 Digging and hawlicg 0 10 o

      suppose the man to hire and pay for everything ^ 2 15 6

      PRODUCE . rwenty sacks of potatoes 4 io o Oiher vegetables ... l o 0 5 10 0 Less labour , &c , as above ... ... ... 2 15 6 Clear profit , supposing the man to hire and pay for everything 2 14 6 If all done by the man ... 4 4 c The opinion expressed by the agent was , that the man who works for a farmer for twelve hours , from six to six with the help of hia wifu and family , can manage half an acre , supposing it half potatoes , beep a pi « .

      and support hia family , ond that a mechanic can do more . The continued Increase iu tbe demand for allotments is the best proof of the advantage derived from them . There is a general improvement in the character of the occupiers , who are represented as becoming ware industrious ou ; i diligent , aud as never frequenting i hose pests , the beer-houses . Frequently they have been known to work by candle-light . Not & single instance baa occurred in which any one thus holding land has been taken before a niagistrateofor any complaint '—( Hear , hear . ) Wus not that an instance worthy of the consideration of tbe House ? Was it not ene over which they should rejoice , at a time when the

      working-classes were so much distressed , which fuct not one of any party denied , and when there was so much difficulty in keeping thepeace of the country , and to prevent the scenes of last year being re-enacted ? He knew that any rach disturbances could and would be put down by the strong arm of tba law ; but would it not be wore gratifying to fee able to say that they had done justice to ths poor , by restoring to them their rights , and placing them beyond the reach of temptation and want , and making 'hem once iuoro happy , aud contented , and peaceable subjects—( bearf ? But be found Hurt 3 U-r -rdvrer j ^ V 5 rnrBTrrnisnH » 0 tfnir Of tfie ^ Wjerking of the system at West Looe . " The , effect upon the

      poor-rate has been a diminution from 10 s . in the poumi to 3 s ., but the . moral i-ffect upwn tbe poor is beyond calculation , tho population being principally seafaring men , who in butl weather had no occupation , and who idled about , a dead weight upon the poor-rate ; but who huvd how occupation , and ate happy , contented , and laborious . *'—( Hear , hear . } " I went over the land and found it in excellent condition . " No doubt many Hon . Members hud hoard of the parish of Trtng , where this allotment system was first carried into effect a ft-w years ago , -when tha whole parish ' ba « i become insolvent , the poor-rates had broken down under the demands npon them , and rates in aid ware

      received from neighbouring parishes , and things were still growing worse and worse . A society in Lomlon took the matter up . A quantity of land was bought at , Cholesbury , and the rector ot the parish , who had ' acted in a moat praiseworthy manner , bad in a ; letter dated November 3 , 1842 , thns reported the result to the Labourerss Friend Society :- ~ " 1 . The land is still divided into allotments * varying in bizj from two to five , and in one instance twelve acres . 2 . The land is still occupied by the original tenants , with j ft-wvxceptioDS . 3 . The population of the parish has [ niightly decreased . 4 . The estate has passed into priv . ate hands . ( About 150 acres 1 5 . The tenants arc !

      maintaining'themselves and their families exclusively by their allotments , and by the casual employment they obtain elsewhere . 6 . The tenants pay their rent punctually—viz . 22 s . per acie ( inclusive of tithes ) . This is the full average rent of laud iu the neighbourhood . 7 . With respect to the question , What w . ts the rent of the land per acre previous to the Agricultural Employment li » stituU 6 n purchasing it V—you probably have furgotten that , with the exception of about 16 acres , tbe who % of tbe land iu the parish at- that period was abandoned on account of the excessive rates upon it . The last tenant of the estate , before it passed into tho hands of the institution , was K . D . The result of his

      agreement with bis landlady is curious , and shows hew valueless lanrt in the pariah then w » B . He rented 85 acres for £ 23 , and stipulated to pay all rates up to a certain amount , whilst all aOove , it was agreed , wtre to be deducted from the rent . When settling-day eanio the balance was against tbe landlady ; her shares of the rates having tibsorDed the whole of the rent , and extracting from tor pocket some few ifliilirik'S besides . The tenant bad paid rates to the amount of £ U > 7 s . The contrast with the state of the parish then , with wtrafcHt \ 3 now , resulting , as it does , eutiivly from tke allot . nent eyst ^ m . In J 832 , just before tile Agricultural Employment Institution took the parish ia band

      it . was almost exclusively a parish of paupers ; since that period it has not bad an able-bodied pauper belonging to it . In 1833 tao land was worse than Valueless , for it was a source of anxiety and loss to the proprietors : it is now largely bought up when offer © A for sale , and tqu&ts , if it does not exceed , in value a ^' ^ icent laud in the surround jag parishes . In 1832 thf , poor consumed the profits of all the land in tho Tparisb : they now maintain themselves and toeir fnutilif 8 most comfortably on only a portion of that land- In 1832 tbo weekly expemlitiir , of the poor , at this period of tha jeur , averaged £ 5 ; it now scarcely ttX jeeds as many shillings , if the maintainance of a lunat 1 C iu an asylum

      ba excepted . In 1832 , the poor wer supported by nites in and levied ou otLer parishuf ; they are now themselves contributors to the rates , to tLe amount of about one-eighth of the whole paro cbial expenditure Lastly , for these eight years , no pe » , oh resident in the parish lm bteu convicted of any offence against tbe luws of the country . To this cont rust of tbe past and present stite &f the parish , I beg to add another of the past and present condit-on of one of the allotment men . I select purposely the most i « . m » rkable case , tho more fully to snow what tho capab' altiea o ! the allotment system are to batter tho cond' , tion of the agricultural poor . In 1832 , Q . S . was air ^ ost the only labouring

      man belonging to . the parish who was not a pauper . He was , however , all but re Juced to the state of one , whilst , as to the actual amount of privation , he was a greater sufferer W jan most of those receiving parochial relief . Ha- / iDg a wife and four children dependent upon b' , the institution allotted him four acres . Hf , is now the occnpiei of eighteen aero ; he is . the owner of a cow , a pig , three boru&i and a - ^ oit , B -waggon , two carts , a plough , barrowa , Ac . He ploughs the land for the other tenantsand is either In kind or

      , p ^ a mone y , as best suits the parti ? ,. He finds at all times profitable employment fo * his team in taking up nay and straw to the London marktf ^ gnd bringing baek soot and other manures for the iv jighbouring farmers . This last spring he purchased £ 3-0 worth of wood and turned it to good account by cart ing jt to the neighbouring towns , and disposing of it . | here . of the married men who received allotments * or . ty on 6 j an old marine , baa not auffiiient energy to nv . ke his land answer . He has since left the gariBD , T ' reasons he assigned for his want of success

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      were that 'he possessed theworBt land and the worst wifd of any man in the p . irlsb .. ' ( Laughter . ) The same reverend gentleman h < id addressed a letter to him that morning , in which be confirmed all that he had stitted in tbat just read , bat added what be ( Mr . Ferrand ) ¦ wished to call the attention j of the B' 5 ht Hon . the Home Secretary to : — "I have at this time the charge of an adjoining parish , the population of whicii exceeds 600 , three-fourths of whom are paupers . Tbe parish bus for years inglorlously earned the epithet of ' Wicked Wigeinton . ' The poor-rates are rupidly on the increase . There is a large unenclosed common in the parish of about 200 acres . I Wvuld guarantee that in three years , if I were put into possession of this common , with tha means of bringing it into

      cultivation , and of allotting it to the poor , there should not be half a dozen able-bodied paupers in the parish . This limy appear to be a presumptuous boast ; but after what I have witnessed in Choilesbury , I feel that I am speokius guardedly iu making the assertion—| hear , bear ) . I cunuut conclude without informing you that the conduct of the men generally , since they have held their allotments , has been such as to give me very great satisfaction —( bear , hear ) . They are very punctual in their attendance at church , and we have been obliged to build a gallery in it for the accommodation t f their children . A 11 the allotment men , with their wives , and every child old enough to attend tbe Sunday school , are members of a clothing and fuel club ; and aa much aa from £ 30 to £ 40

      has annually betn intrusted ; to my care , the fruits of their weekly savings . ' Now , { was it not the duty of the Government to take this subjtct into their most serious consideration —( bear } , j Here was an uxumple of the beneficial effects of the system ; in the course of eight years we see a community of persons restored to industry , comfort , and morality , and from being distressed and discontented oiaiie loyal and peaceful subjects , not one of them during that period ever having infringed the lows of the country . That was the chaiact « given to them by their pastur , who declared , that although there were in " Wicked Wigginton '

      six hundred paupers , if he could have the 2 G 0 or 300 acres of waste land , he would js . on reduce the pauperism and raise that wretched place to the samu happy state as Tring—( hear ) , There was another pojnt to which he begged the attention i > f the House—tbe state of the cottages of the poor , which , in fact tli < l not deseive the name of cottagts . They were wretched hovels , in which fevers were giiperntbd , and where that scourge of the human race—the cholera—which snatched away in an instant the highest as well as the lowest , played alarming havoc . Medical men bad declared that it was as much ttie interest as the duty Of the rich to remove from the poor the causis of these

      diseases , which were increasing in malignancy every year—( hear ) . Mr . HU'sius , chairman of the Bedford Union , had thus describad tha advantages which had arisen from an improved dtscription of cottages in bis vicinity , in his report to . the Poor Law Commissioners : — " f ha man sees his wife and family more comfortable than formerly . He has a better cottage and garden . He ia stimulated to induatry , aud as he rises in respectability ; of station he becomes aware that be has a character to lose . Thus an important point is gained . Having acquired certain advantages , he is anxious to retain jand improve them : be strives more to preaervi : his independence , and becomes a member of bum fit . medical , and clothing societies ; and frequently besides thin , lays up a certain sum ,

      quarterly or half-yearly , in the savings-bank . Almost always attendant upon these advantages , we find the man sending his children to be regularly instructed on a Sunday , and , where possible , in a day-school , and himself and family more constant in thuir attendance at some place of worship on the Lord ' s day . A man who cornea home to a poor , comfortless hovel after hia day ' s labour , and sees all miserable around him , has his spirits more often depressed than excited by it . He feels that , to do his best he shall be miserable still , and ia too apt to fly for a tempomry refuge to the alehouse or beer shop ; but give biui the means of making himself comfortable by bis own industry , and I am convinced , by experience , that in many cases he will avail

      himself of it . " But it was not only the poor who j would be benefited by such an I arrangement as he pro * posed ; the freeholders , be ; felt convinced , would speedily find all the advantages resulting from it . Why . let them take tbe case of flax . Between £ 25 000 . 009 and £ 30 , 000 . 000 a-year was paid to foreigners for flue , oil-cake , linseed , ice . Societies , however , were now rapidly forniing both in England and in Ireland for the prosecution of the flix cultivation . There was one of those | societies at North Walsu-irn , in Norfo'k , and another at Btlfast The laUer had succeeded beyond their most sanguine expectation . Mr . S . R . Mulliolland , at the Sflci 6 ty ' 8 mt « in < j in Buifast in November last , stated that the tirm with which he was connected had sent no less

      thun £ 40 , 000 of ready cash annually out of ths country for tho punches ** of iluit , but that in the present year they bad not spent aa m ^ ny pence , and he called upon the meatin ^ " to take advantage of what God and oaturehnd done for our soil" ! He hadaLjo been told , that " Mr . Bea . d , of Killalea ; lately sold a parcel of flix in which there were three different qualities ; the bii ? hest reached £ 140 the second , £ 133 , and the third , £ 126 per ton ; and few finer samples bad ever been imported into this country . " ; But he had still better evidence . There was no member in tha Hourse wbo was not acquainted with the name aud reputation of the firm of Messrs . Marshall , at Loc-ds , indubitably the largest fl ix purchasers in tbe kingdom . What did they say of our capabilities of producing flax ? In a letter

      which be held in his hand they wrote as follows : — " Ab wo import a considerable quantity of flax yearly from Belgium and Holland for our establishment here , we . ire , of course , mucri interested in the success of any plan for increasing the quantity grown iu England . Wb b ' . lieve both the soil and climate are suitable , for the plant . At one time tba fl \ x grown In the east of Yorkshire was of as Rood a quality as that grown in Bslgium . ' But he would now proceed to state how [ he promised bo allot the waste lands . According to his calculation , there were in the thrve kiggdonia no less than 76 , 0 . 00 . of cult ' . vatible acres ^ of laud in state of waste . There were aUo about 48 , 000 , 000 of thoso lands , in cultivation , and 30 , 000 000 uncultivated . Now , he should

      propose that the land at present unappropriated should be allotted to those wbo had a claim upon the different parishes . Where tbe lands were already , allotted he did not intend that his measure should apply . He should propose that out of every hundred acres in e ^ ry parish one-ir entieth , or ; flvo acres ® ut of every hundred , should be allotted to Vne use of tha poor . He considered , that to givo them tbat quantity was uot to give them too much , whijsb it woold be a downright robbery to give them Jess . He should propose tbat this lascl should be for aver reserved to the uss of the pout i , and that , with that atj-et , it should be held by trustees for tbeir benefit , the said trustees being tbe recto ? of the parish , the iord of the manor , the churehwdriiens , and the overaeeia . By this

      arrangenwat lie should , he taougbt , ! prevent the slightest chanca of jobbing ; b ^ t , in order to preclude all suipioiua cf it , he should also ' propose to enact that th © trustee should be bound to make an annual report to the mtwistrates—( biear hear . ) He should also propose that five acres : of these lands should Iu every parish be laid out as a drying ground . ( A . lau !; h . | Hon . Members miglii hugh , for they probably did not know the miseries of wet aud tattered Clothing ; but be could tell them tha . t medical men were almost unanimous in declaring their opinion that nothing was more detrimental to the health of the poor than their habit ef drying their clothes in their own confined dwellings . In j his own part of the country it was rot m .-commou for a poor man to carry

      bis wot linen three-quarters of a mile , to a hedge , and having hung it out , to remain for the purpose of watching it until it was dried ; . Another proposal he should make would be to allot a portion—say five acrt-8 of land—for tho purposea of recreation . By ti » a arrangement he hoped our old national and healthful sports might bo revived , to ; the benefit as well as the enjoyment of the inhabitusits of every vicinity . TAie remainder of the land he should propose to a lot to the use of the poor , to be divideJ into lots of such ^ sizs and extent as shall be deemed most useful , no man being ajipoit > oned Ies 3 than a quarter of a rood . The expt ' . ices attending this allotment he should propose to be paid out of the poor-rates , frit the extent of tho enclosures , ami consequently the outlay , in ary one year , he

      should propose to leave for the decision of the ratepayers in public vestry assembled , and convened by public notice . He should also pvopoae that the t-u&tees should have the power of exchanging allotments of equal or greater value previous to their having been broken up , also of purchasing waste lands , with tbe consent of the ratepayers * if the extent of tbe original allotments to the poor should hereafter be found inadequate . With the same sanction he should also propose that the trustees might expend oat of the poor-rates a sum of money not exceeding , he should say , 3 d . in tbe pound in any one year , in the erection of cottages on tbe allotments . I They should also have

      tbe power of leasing allotments for any term not exceeding twenty ^ ne years , tbe rent of the cottages to be at the fair iwinnnl rate of cottage rents within the parish . The waste lands be should propose to be let rent free for the first year , at half the value for the second year , and at a fair annual value for the third and every succeeding year . With respect to the products , he should propose , that first of all , the rents should go to remunerate the parishes for the expense of building cottages and enclosing allotments , and that after that the surplus should ; be annually paid into tbe poor / s-rate fund—an arrangement under which he felt quite confident that iu a very few years not only

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      tbe poor-rates , but the count ; and all parochial rates would be paid off . With respect to priority of claim , he should propose that the poor who had obtained settlement iu the parish by birth or otherwise should have tbe first claim on tbe land originally allotted , as Wall , as on that afterwards purchased ; and with regard to these purchases , he should propose that the trustees , with the consent of the ratepayers might , if they Saw fit , purchase waste lauds previously allotted , and erect cottages thereon upon tbe same ^ terms and in the same manner as in the parishes where no allotment had taken place . The other provisions of his measure wouid be of comparatively minor importance . With regard , however , to tee d ffijolt question of boundary , he sbouirl propose to Biljust it in this m . innfir : that owners of allotments should not

      ba compelled to enclose them , but that any owner desiring to enclose his own might call upon tbe adjoining owner * . o erect his boundary fence , and if be re fused might build ic himself and'compel payment befo r t > justices of the peace With respect to the rnachinury for putting the b 11 into operation , he should propose that for the first three yeara the Tithe Commissioners should be employed in making the allotments—their expenses during that time to be defrayed , by the Government For the second three years ho should propose , tbafc their charges should be paid half by the Government and half by the owners , tbo portions of the expense attached to tbe poor ' s allotments to be defrayed by the poor rate After tho completion of those six yerrs the exoensa should fall sololy upon the owners . Thi 3 was

      his scheme , and be felt convinced that if adopted it would give stimulus to tbe people which at present they sadly and . , woefully required . Tbe following case occurred in his own pariah : —A man of the age of 80 applied to the board of guardians for relief . In answer t » his application the board of guitdians sv . d , < f You have a sou who has a cottage in Hertfordshire . He must sell tbat , and with the proceeds of the sale he must r « iieve you . ' The son come to him ( Mr . Ferrand ) Ha said tbat he had built the cottage out ; of his hardearned savings , and before he would comply with the advice o f the B . <« rd of Guardians and Bell his cottage ,

      he would becomean alien from the country . He begged tbe House to li / iteu to bis appeal ia behalf of the poor man . Give the poor a small allotment of land and a epade to cultivate it , and it would have tbe effect of diminishing the number of inmates in the Union Workhouses . ( Cheeis . ) The poor man then would not be deprived of the privilege of attending at his usual place of worship . —^ Heav , hfe&y . ) Give the peor , before they were weighed down to the duafe , what they had a , right to demand . H > j maintained it was tbe right of the poor—a right of which they had for centuries been plundered . —( Loud cheers . ) Tbe motion having been seconded ,

      Colonel Wyndhau wished to see Mr . Ferrand's Bill introduced . He was all for it , but in the present depressed state of agriculture , he wanted to see the lands already in cultivation kept in it , instead of grubbing about the heaths . Ho would stand by the Government so long a 3 they stood by agriculture . The = Hou . and Gallant Member excited great laughter by his reference to a letter from a working man , daed from Ch . etham , but bearing the postmark of Manchester . He < 3 id uot know the geographical position of t he place , bin perhap * the Members for Manchester knew the way to cheai- ' em—a very good motto for the Anti-Gorn-law League . The Cheetham working-men expressed a vri&h tbat Colonel Wyadhaiii should favour the House with more of hia tpeecht s . Lord Worsley was afraid that the proposed bill would bo wholly mipractible , but he would not be so ungracious as to oppose its introduction . in

      Sir Jam- ^ Gkaham could not see the proposed scheme any thing else than a project for maintainingtiiu workiutf populactoa a c cho publi c expense Thtso wa te lands were in general distinguished for their sterility ; and he entertained the greatest doubts ot the practicability of a measure for their allotment . While not opposing the introduction of the bill , he wished to guard ; himselffrom encouraging the expectation of auy benefit being likely to arise from it . Lord John Manners believed that there was a

      growing feeling in the country in favour of some such measure as that proposed by Mr . Ferrand . He adduced ( be example of the religious brotherhood of Chavlewood Forest , who are successfully reclaiming a barren and stony moor ; aad declared that ho would uot liive up the belief that it was possible by carerul cultivation , to produce sufficient wheat in this couutrylor the maintenance of its entire population ; and he thought that in tho present entire deadness of the public mind to all party political excitement , tho scheme might be tried .

      Mr . Huue regarded tha project as one of those schemes oi home colonization which absorb capital to an extent quite disproportioned to any chance of profitable return . It was useless to waste money on . cultivating the barren soils of England , when we could mure profitably exchange our labour for tho corn of other lands . Sir John Hamnee believed , thai instead of ther * beiug an entire absence of political feeling amongst the people , that there was a growing spirit of discontent , only to be abated by practical measures for thotr relief , of which he considered the present measuro to be one , though not a prominent One . But free trade he was certain we must arrive at ; agto laxing or stopping machinery , we might as well try to stop the satellites of Jupiter .

      Mr . Bkothekton wished to know if these waste lauds were proposed to be enclosed for the benefit of the rich or puor . With the Corn-law monopoly , tke bill would ouly serve the purposea of th » , vngnw at land , who by enulaanre htlia hnvphpnn . appropriating every available common . Lord i'oLLiKGTON believed that the bill would benefit the pour , and therefore he would support it . Air . AGHGr < BY was desirous of seeing the bill introduced , in order that its provisions might be carefully cocsidered , though he feared that the project , would not prove practicable or bepeficial . Mr . Shakman . Crawford denied that the waata lands could not be profitably cultivated . They might not return a productive outlay to the capitalist , but in the hauds of the working man they tvould yield a sufficiency for maintenance , He supported tho bill . Leave was given to bring in the bill .

      ^"Oil^Wmtns €%Axti0t Jh^Tmcpsf*

      ^" oil ^ wmtns €% axti 0 t JH ^ tmcpsf *

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      Newca&ile . —In consequence of the rapid and wide extension of the Coal Miners Philanthrophical Society , a general delegate meeting will be held at Mr . HamJet Booth ' s , the Rose aad Crown , Shields New Read , Newcastle-upon-Tyne , on tho first da j of May , to form another or improve the present Executive , and to alter such rules , or rescind others , as that raeeting thinks proper . Delegates from all coal districts in Englaad , Scotland * and Wales , aro requested to tatend . YaoviL . —Mr . C . Maunder , of Martock , will lecture here on Monday evening , at the Hall of the Yeovil Improvement Society . London . —Mr . Xnight will lecture at the Crown aad . Anchor , Cheshire-stre ^ Waterloo Town , on Sunday evening next , at eigtit o ' clock .

      Marylebomu . —On Sunday nest Mr . Gammage , of Northampton , will lecture at the Mechanics' Institution Circus-street , at haif-past seven . London . —Mr . Gamjuse will lecture on Monday evening , at 59 , ToUeuh&in Court-road . A . CoNO-UT for the benefit , of Mrs . M'Donall will be held on Monday eveniug , at the Feather ' s Tavern , Warrt-n street , Tottenham Court-road . Admission two-pence . Mr . Faruer will lecture on Sunday evening , at the Goldbeaters Arms , Oid St . Paucras-road . Mr . Whseler will lecture on Sunday evening , at the Political and Scientific Institution , 1 , Turnagainlauo .

      A Ball will take place on Easter Monday at tho Political and Scientific Institution , 1 , Turnagainlane . Single tickets , one shilling—double , one and sixpence . 1 , China Walr , Lambeth—A'general district meeting will take place in this locality next Tuesday evening , for discusssion—the subject , the Land , and how to obtain it . Limehouse . —Mr . Frazer will lecture on Tuesday evening next , at the School Room , at half-past sovod o ' clock .

      Chartists Attend !—A public meeting will be held on Monday evening , at the Political and Scientific Institution , Turnagain-lane , to present an . address to Thomas Duucombe , Esq .. thanking him for his conduct in exposing that political Judge , Lord Abinger . Mr . Buncombe , Feargus O'Connor , and others will attcud . Chair to Joe taken at eight o ' clock . Mr : Wheeler will lecture on Sunday evening at the Political and Scientific Institution , 1 , Tarnagain-lane . A lecture will also be delivered here on Good Friday . Chair to be taken at seven , o ' clock . Ashton-toder-Ltne . —Mr . Clarke , of Stockport , will lecture in the Chartist room , Charles Town , on Sunday .

      Siddalt ,. —On Monday evening Mr . Butterly will lecture in the Association room , Cinder-hills , at eight o ' clock . Mr . Bbopht will lecture at ReHoe on this day ( Saturday ) At Coxhoe , Monday ; Shinoliffe , Tuesday ; Hoffall , Wednesday ; , Franrwellgate Moor , Thursday ; New Durham , Friday . Mr . Davies will lecture on Monday , at West Aukland ; Tuesday , Southcburch ; Wednesday Copycrooka ; Thursday , Leasingthorn . A District Delegate meeting will be held ai Seincliffe Bank Top , on Saturday next . Bolton . —Mv . Peter Rigbjr will lecture here , on Sunday next , at six o ' clock in the evening . SiiEFPiELD .- ^ Mr . G . J . Harney will address the Chartists of Fig-tree-lane , on Sunday evening , ( to-morrow , ) at half-past seven .

      On Mondat Evening , in the same room , there will be a public discussion on "the land ? ' to commence at eight o ' clock precisely .

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      AND LEEDS GENERAL ADVERTISER .

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      JTOL- TL ffO . 282 . SATURDAY , APRIL 8 , 1843 . PRI ^^ p ^™ "

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      - iv / ¦ # ? jfs& # ;

      Mb. Dtjnxombe's Motion.

      MB . DTJNXOMBE'S MOTION .

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      HOUSE OF CO > I 1 IOSS—Thvssdat , Makch SO . The Hon » e met at four e"doc £ , and after some petitions had been presented , Mr . HcatE moved for , and obtained , tbe issue of the yn& for Nottingham , in th © room of ilr . Walter , who haa been unseated by petition .

      ALLOTMENT OF WASTE LANDS . Sir . 'Fe ^ e . asd rose , pursuant to notice , "to move for leave to bring in a bill for the allotment t , f waste lands . " He said , in the middle of the second session of the present Parliament , the middle classes , and more especisllv the workirjg classes , ] ooit-y to the First Lord of tbe Treaituy for measures "which -ffoald conduce to thefr coicfort and permanent bappint .- .. It vras perfectly trne that the measures wMch the Right Hon . Baronet ba-i brought forward last seBsion bad conduced to the comforts of tba ¦ working classes ; but this benefit bad been sbort-liv&d . Tbe ¦ woxiicg classes bad scarcely tasted the enp of sweetness wbich . the Right IJoa . Birouet bad granted thtm thaii ii "was dashed from tbeir lips by an universal reduction of wages throughout

      the country , far beyond tbe reductions wliich had taken place in the price of food ; and , instead ot the vrorting classes Laving been in th « lc&at benefited or relieved by tbe measures of tbe Right Hon . Baronet , in both tbe manufacturing and agricultural districts , they were suffering misery , want , and privation onparilleled in the biktory of England . He asked tbe R ; gbt Hon . Baru cow whether he bad &ny remedial measures to bring forward Jor tbe purpose of raising this oppressed cla ? s of people out of their distress . Jn pn paring the measure which be asked leave to introduce into the House ta had hi .-ea advised and assisted by &ome Of ths Severest men of the ccBotry ; and ce was convinced that ibe measure he "was about to propose would restore tbe workiDf clBSbea of the

      country in a grea : degree to their former comforts . The " *" '*»¦ r " -atiiin hid prevailed in lbs large mannfaoloriiig towns was rapidiy extending to the smaller towns and into tbe agricultural districts . With the psmiifsion of the House , be wonld give a slight idea of tbe state of the population of the U-wn of Binglty . He remembered whwi it only contained one mill , now it had ten mills ; formtaly it bad been almost a purely sgriculinra } district sow it ^ was ^ gnally asuicuHnrj ) aid manniacturing . Wbiit had beta the evidence of tbe siate of Kfcijhiey given btfore the committee which sat on tbt Kxriehley Unitm ? [ Sir C Napier tb ' mHi some rcmar £ wh : ch was insnJible in the gallery ] He hoped tbe Hon . and Gallant Member for Jlarylebone ¦ would iiot int = xrnpt him by personal remarks

      addressed to him &cr <_ -ss tba House . He bad been informed by the med cal officer of that town in cottages of four rojiDS each as many as twenty-five people were living , sleeping almost altogether in oce room in tbe gross&st immorality , whilst typhus fever rased amcussi thun . In this town this fevei annually increased in virulence . He beld in bis band a report msde to fcer SJsjestys Principal Secretary of State for the Home Department from the Poor Law Commissioners on an inquiry iiifr 1 tbe sanatory condition of tbe 'labouring population of Great Britain , ¦ which was presented to P < tfiiament by the command of Her MEJesty in July , 1 S 42 : —" Mr . Chadwick states tbat the annual slaughter in England and Wales , from preventable causes of typhus , which attacks persons in the vigour of life , appears to be double tie amount of wDat "was suffered by the allied aimies in the battle of Watwloo . In Manchester , ameng the labouring classes , more than 57 out of

      every 100 die btfore they attain tbe age of five years He states tbat wben tbe kelp mannfaeinre lately ceased on tbe western coast of Scotfand , a v&st population of the icwest class of people were thrown into fcXtrfcBae tram ; tfeey suffered from coJ-i , hunger , and despair ; crTcr Leless , from thfcir scattered habitations being BBXTunnded by pure air , cases of fever did net arise amo " 3 S them . * ' The mortality and immorality of the population now crowded in tbe manufacturing districts ¦ was frightful in tbe axtrtma Was there no remedy to r » sens this portion of the population ftom their iniserj ? vreie the functions of Parliament at an eud , or wen ; tney able to ieflre 3 S the griuvaEces of the people ? Thty were told to look to foreign colonization for a remedy . Were they to send abroad to dit unpitied and nnheard-of tbe peaceable and loyal subjects of this c&unirr , who had a right to txist in the country where -bry -were pono ? What gn ; d iir . Burn in bis letters on home culoirzsiion : —'" If tbt 46 , 4 . 00 , 000 acres now in

      cultivation are not tufficient to maintain the population , there are millions yet uncuJtivsttd that may be increased in value 6 , 000-fold . It appears tbat there are 46 500 t' 00 acres of land in cultivation , and nearly 31 000 000 uncultivated . 16 , 000 . 000 were reported by the Kudsraticn Committee to be profitable lands . Nearly the whole of tfce waste land in Ireland is rtclaimable , 3 680 , 000 cf which , tbat are equal to 5 . . O 00 of English acres , can be brongbt to produce » rental of £ 1 per acre , at an outiay not exceeding £ 10 per acre . Thus , in the cultivation of the land , Sheffield &rja B . iniingbam must send , tbeir spades , their pickaxes , and tbeir draining tools ; the wheelwright mus * . S ^ -d p . oughs , barrows , and ca ta ; the irorifonnaer must supply tbe plougB-conHers :: nd the sxletrt-es ; tbe

      Siddiui must pnt on tbe barneys ; Woivribampton must supply its chains , Walsall its bits and orniiutnts ; tbe carpenter must pnt up the gates with tools from SheffirJd , and bain ? them with the hinges and padlocks of Sraffori-ihire ; tie heclger and ditchtr who encloses the ground , and tbe plutubman who brings it into cultivatk-n , a ? e elo ' . htd by Stroud , Mauchtiter , and Leeds ; their hats come from ^ ewcastltvander-Line , their halfboots from Northampton or Stafford ; they take their bre&kfast out ot a basin forniahed by the Staffordshire Potteries ; ShtfBeld finds the knife , Birmingham tbe spoon ; tbe merchant traverses the ocean to bring tbeir euffee and ingai ; th e engicter finds a coffee mill , in ¦ which the turner furnishes a handle , ' &C . " What he proposed to ask tbe Honse to da was to restore tbe poor agsin to tfceir comforts , and be proposed to do thia by an allotment te them of tbe waste lands . He asked for

      an allotment of tlie waste lands of England to toe poor as an act of justice : he asked tor It in tbe name of tbe law of England—a law acknowledged by the greatest writers on the law and constitution of Soglasd for centuries . He also asked for it in furtherance of a principle acknowledged by thatHoBse . Bamngton , in bis work on our " Ardent Statutes , " calculated tbat not many centuries ago half the lands of England were held upon tie degrading tenure of villeinage ; and tbat frithon * being abolished by statute it gradually ceased by force of long usage . If a royal f « rest were enclosed , the contigious proprittors urged their claims on the ground , tbat they bad depastnred npon it , and those claims were allowed . Sir A Fitzberbert , the celebrated lawjer and jadge , and one of tbe earliest legal authorities , in bis book of nnveyiDg , thns laid down the law : — " Every cottager szl have his portion assigned him , and then sal not the rjcb man overpreae the poore man . " SurR-

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), April 8, 1843, page 1, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct797/page/1/