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Northern Star (1837-1852), 5th March 1842, Edition 4 of 7, Page 3, Untitled Article

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      Untitled Article

      JfQRTHERN CIRCUIT—DURHAM , Feb . 24 . Before Mr . Jttstice Wightmaa . James WQiiams , Chartist bookseller , was indicted for an assault on Christopher Thomas Potts , on the 4 th of October last , at Sunderland . Mr . Otter conducted theprosgenfion , and Mr . Granger tbe defence- - Mr . Oxtsb stated the case to the jury . The defendant tfss well known in this pait of the country as a leader ol the party called Charti&ts . The prosecutor 'was an attorney at Sandertand . On the 4 th of October , the day on -winch this occurrence toafc place , a public meeting had feeea ca led in Use Amphitheatre for the purpose of memorial izing -Qse" Queen on the subject of the dishes , hot existing in the country . At this meeting Mr .

      Binns as -well as Mr . Potts attended , and both took their places on the platform ^ which -was situate at the lower part of the room , -with , tiers of benches rising up f-om each s&e - Mr . Potts -was opposed inihis political -principles to Mr . Williams , being a Conservative . Mr . Stains addressed the meeting and made use of some Terr strong language , in 'which ho reflected npon the party to which ilr . Potts belonged as being guilty of ^ e blood of tie people Wiicn 3 ir . "Williams had coDchidec , Mr- Potts endeavoured to get a hearing , but for some time in . vain . After several attempts , ie called oat " Where is Mr . Williams to get ie 9 a healing , " -when the latta repeated in a jesting tone , " Oh , give Mr , Potts a hearing , " Silence being very partially restored , Mr . Potts endearcured to address the meeting , but the icierrupticn was so great in

      that he f ^ -lI ? cnly breien sentence ? . Daring this time some oce in the crowd handed up to him a pamphlet , T ; iWii&rd by Mr . Williams , entitled " The Englishman ' s Birthright , ' desiring him to read it . Mr . Poto immediately rttorted , -with reference to the terms of sale appearing on the thle-page— " Oh' theEnglisbman's birthright ! They are selling your birthright at fourpenee per dozen . " Mt . Williams immediately stTuck at -M . Pctts , and , bat for the interference of the persons arou :. d , -would probably have given him a ¦ severe I :-jW ; as ft was , it trtn-beJ his cheek . The great mzs 3 of the meetics was precipitated from the benches towards the platform ; and but fcr ths facilities of exit afforded by two doers in the rear , the supporters of Potts-s opinions -vrould probably have been serious sufferers . Tnis "sras iks assault ccmolained of , and

      though the bodily injury to Mr . putts was slight , it was I a gross outrage upon his person , and one which , in the ! eye of the law , was utterly unjusiiiable . Mr . Potts fcad used no expressions which went beyond the licenss : of 3 public meeting , End evtn if he had , Mr . "Williams , above fill others , should be the lsst num . in the vorld ; to tafce offence at a freedom cf speech , which Le advo-, cat&d so strongly in theory and illustrated so trail in ; practfc :-. Personal violence of this kind could not be tolerated trilhoct the most serious results to society , sndit vas necessary to deter Mr . Williams frosi offer- ' ing , for tie future , " to his fs-lluw cU ' z ^ ns , such nn insulting violence as that which he had offered to Mr . Pctts . ; Mr . Pdtts was called , and gave an account of the \ transaction corresponding to the opening of the learned counseL ; j ! ! I

      On his crcss-tsammation , Mr . pjtts stated that he i had been a Conservative for eight or ten years , ever : since hs bad got discretion . Was a member of the , Polities ! Union . Was inveigled into the association . : Hade speeches there occasionally , and was received ' with preat £ pplanse- There was an election in Sander- I land sliorjy ikfore this meeting . Was not aware tb&t , aay Cisnists had votts Was a ^ cn : of the Conserva-. ' five cacdidst-2 . The meeting was called to address her ; Hsjssty , and pray her not to prorogue Parliament cniil ths present distress w » s considered . The rtquisition : it 3 were principally Whigs . His object in attending the meeting was to prevent misrepr .. sentition . A ' . charge was brought afainst the Conservatives of having hired wcrkinc men to disturb the meeting . . & person , ; i '

      who was prestnt , a sawyer , came forward to offer proof of tie charge . His master 'ns present , and soid he ¦ was e . drniikfii reprobate . Witness did not call him so . Did S 3 J te was a discarded servant . D ; d not know of any men being hired to disturb the meeting . Williams spc&e first . He mace a violent speech , it ¦ was very violent in its tenor , though he might not jpeak so lond , or so fluently , as the witness . Witness ¦ was much interrupted . Was determined Messrs . Wil-^ tutt . s and Bines should rot have the last word They had alleged that the Cons-. rvr . tivcs had the blood of the country npon them . Witness called oat tsnntinsly , "srhtre is Mr . Williams to get me a hearing ?

      having perceived that at these meetings a certain movement of hia hands "vras immediately followed by a total ¦ a ltnce . Williams said , apparently half in jest and half in earnest , " Oh , give Mr . Potts a hearing . " There -was not silence enough to enable the meeting to bear'the reporters might- Does not know who handed up JQs pmphlet Thinks it was a Chartist Witness was interrupted in crackiBg his joke a ^ omt the Englishman ' s biriirighf . "Does act icow whether he charged Mr . Wiflhms with haviag sold the people to the Whigs P . TiTkA swear what was said . Did not put his hand on 3 Ir . Willif-ras' sho-jl * er and say " This is the- man who sold your birthright . " Had his hat in his right hiE J , and Mr . Williaas was en that side . The blow made an

      impressian en his cheek . There was then a rush towards th ' e-platform . Did not know that this was caused by the supposition that the witnesshad assaulted Mr . Williams . Did not say he would be torn limb from licb , but he Tronld "be heard . Understands that Mr . Williams has befen eunricted of sedition , and is under TtCTgriiriijces to keep the peace . He repeatedly deelsred he had no wish they should be estreated , but the contrary . Does sot inow what his future instructions may fce now that he has been farced into court . Essinstractedhis counsel to move to estreat the ricogianr-cfcs in case of a conviction , Three other witnesses were called to prove the assault-All £ 3 W Williams apparently in the act of sticking at the prosecutor , but one only could fay that the blow readied him .

      Mr . Gha 3 gek , for the defence , addressed the Jury Bt scat : langib , submitting , that however tolerant Mr . Willkms should be of violent language , no one ought te be more to than the quondam political unionist and cntor . He cempiiined of the spirit with which the prosecution was conducted , and -which was so strongly displayed in Ihe evidc-r . ee of Mr . Potts , whose ohjt-ct TO not JTistice , fent the gratification of his malignant feeling in crushing a political opponent . He should have thought that a person cf generous mind ¦ Wfculd have disclaimed with indignation all intention of taking advantage of tLe position in which Mr . "BTIiim ; vzs placed , by eaiifrg down on his head , ter-des any punishment wtich might be inflicted on himfcir ti . s r ffcDce in case of a conviction , a fir

      hea-Tisr punishment in the estreatiEg of his recognisancesrecogni'aEces inipostd on him f > r an * -ffence of a different ckss . and toully utc-jrmeeted with the present He though : the Jury ' would require bitter evidence thai they had of ary assault bavins been committed . Ths meeting tras a disturbed au 4 noisy one , there was Pat confusion , all ihe witnesses acreed that the blow " M , at ai ! events , zn exceediiigiy slight one ; two seeEEdtrr . tr ; . ; whether thtrt aay w ; s given at all , and it vss q \ ¦ ? possiblr tba . t no assault whatever had beui connmir . , 5 . Us trust - i tLa Jury would give the defsEdant the » -i . ntut i-f any dou ' - it , und retnrn a verdict of acquittal His LonrjH . p . in raiuininz up , y . iid a ijrsat ^ eal of

      irrelevEnt matUr L ^ . -i been istrcductd into the case , ¦ with -B-hich they ha ^ l " nothing to da The state of ; I * rties ia Suc ' tr ' ar-. "—the rcliticn . 1 opinions of Mr . : "R'BlJaias and Mr . I ' -. tis , had no bearuig upon the fitter . The sircpk question they had to try was , \ "whether aiybiow tad " been srrurk . They would look : a * the erldence ns * -j . this feet alone- If they were satis 5 vd tba ; Mr . \ V : ] i-njs s -j-uck the prosecutor , or i s ^ ek at fcia at u . i > - :. r . ct- from wLichT . e would pro- ; tziiij tave rochet ! h-m , it would b « their duty to j Convict the defendant , tritioat any regard to the cen- K ^ iences of ft-. ir Vtiriict If . on " the othtr hand , thty j ttcagfct ie feid not so / irike f . r had aEjreiisar ^ ble doubt , oa the matter , it vrv-uld t > e \ o'aniiy their duty to acquit

      Tee Jnry retired fcr up-p-ar . - 's c-f an hour , sudieturned . into court wiUi a verdict o' Xct Guilty . j

      Untitled Article

      EXPLOSION OF A FIREWORKS FACTORY . luss of four , lives , in London . : One-cf the moti-appalliiii -jad fataUy calamitOBS ' explosions that has occurred in cr near the metro- ; Poiis , took place on Moadsv . at Mr . D'Ernst ' s fire- ; work 3 manufactory , Lambllh-fc-ut *? , by vrhicb thei prem ises Lave been dtstrovcJ , and four lives hare been sacrificed . " j The folioTrir g is an accura ' c statement of the facts , collected oa the ? pot , up to a late h' ur last erenrng : ; ~ At iboat twenty minutes to twelve o ' clock , the I h abitants of LacV . th , Kc-priuglon , TauxbaH , and ; tfle surronnding neighbourhood , were alarcned byai loud report sucn a 3 is nrjally produ-ca by the igni- ] ^ on of gunpowder in large " quair-iiifs , or ptrhaps ; Thi

      resembling more strictly the expl ^ s ^ ou of gas . s ¦ " ^ s rapid ] y folJowed by report ? of less violence ot sotmd , but ^ nffieitntly 1-vud to create serous apprehension even to persons residing some hunired yards Qist&nt . The first impre-sicn was ihat the Yauxhall Gas-works had exploded ,- and tha : the ' ucccssive dJficharges were created by the bursting of the retorts . In a very few miantef , however , ths nature of the calamity and its situation wcie ttadc maniiest by a dense body of smoke which ascend-.- } hbovo the houses on the north tide of Lambeth-walk , behind which the factory had been irested some fow years hack by Mr . D'Ernst , vfhen he w ^ s eE ^ agcd ss pyiotechnist at Yauxhail gardens . It was a detached iujlding , situate in a piece of waste gTonnd , bat for which circumstance ii is Impossible to specuJa * e on the havoc that must have ensued .

      The alarm having once gone abroad , thornands c-f j persocs hurried to the spot . A lartre body of the ; iaetropolilfn police hastened from ihe staiion-hoiiM ; \ in High-street , and expresses vrere pent off to iht i various fire-eu ^ inestationf , at fevers ! of which the ' brigade men were already prepared for action by the loud reports which they had just heardj . The * £ sistance was prompt and tmple , but such was the terror inspired in all those assembled by a report ) « 3 TiDg spread that there were some hundreds weight I

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      O'gtmoowder under ground j Ihat the most resolute men of the fire brigade hesitated to approach sufiicieatly near to the fated premises to render their efforts for its preservation effective . An abundant supply of water was speedily obtained from the main pipe ? , and seven or eight lar ^ o engines were brought to bear on the south-west angle of the building . " which was easiest of access , there being at the other extremity enclosed ground , attached to small cottages , the inmates of which fled out in the most pitiable consternation , conceiving that the whole place must be blown ap . In less than half an hour , the "factory itself was rednced to complete ruin , and the dwelling-house , in front , a slight building , two stories high , shared the same fate - soon

      after . The discharge of fire works having created sufficient apertures , the firemen directed all their attention to the cellarage , with the view of preventing the expected explosion of gunpowder , it having been ascertained , beyond all doubt , tba 4 there were on the premises at least sis barrels of that terrible combustible . By great exertion , they were enabled to throw in some thousand tons of water directly overjthe cellars , so that the ground was covered to the depth of two inches , and the rockets and fragments of burning timber , were quenched as they fell . The firemen , perceiving that there was no further danger of the gunpowder exploding , proceeded cautiously to the interior , and , with , the hose of

      several engines , deluged the smouldering wood that lay scattered about . Their nest duty , and it was one of some peril , was to search among the ruins for the remains of whoever might have suffei-ed . In a few miuutcs the charred body of a lad , about 17 or 18 years old , was dug out ; the next was that of a man of muscular frame , supposed to be Wright , ihe foreman of the factory ; the next was that of a full-grown man , believed to be the unfortunate proprietor , Sir , D . Ernst ; and a fourth , which so horribly burned as to present scarcely any traces of humanity , was the last victim found . The latter was pronounced to be a woman , and the sister-inlaw of Mr . D'Ernst , trho had charge of the premi ? es .. The lad was one of the apprentices .

      The reniaina of the unhappy female were placed in a shell , 2 nd the bodies cf the male sufferers , having been secured on broad planks , ¦ were removed immediately irom the spot , and deposited in the dead house of Lambeih Union workhouse , to await the coroner ' s inqueit , which wiil probably be holden to-day , notice of th ' e dnaciful occurrence having been sent off to Mr . Carter , the coroner for Surrey . It -was supposed at first that both the male adult 3 "were workmen employed in the factory , but the identitity of the body cf the ill-fatsd proprietor -was subssqnenUy ascertained by Very convincing , though rather curious circumstantial , evidence . Mr . D'Ernst , ^ rhose privrte residence is at Laurie-terrace , a new ranj ; e ( f hi . U 3 es near Btthlem Hospital , was seen to enter the fictory about a quirttr of an Lour b-. fore the explosion took plac ? . He wa 3 not observed to come out , nor could any tidings ot him be obtained no to two o ' clock .

      : \ ! ¦ A messenger was sent to his residence to procure the attendance of some of his family , in consequence of which a female domestic came- to the workhouse , and being shown the bodies , declared her inability to identify that of her master . All were destitute of apparrl ; the features were either ¦ wholly destroyed , or rendered undistinguifchable . Adhering , however , to one of the bodies , was a fragment of a linen shirt of fine texture , and near the throat was discovered a fillet of flannel . Upon these being pointed out , the girl said at once , " Oh , God , that is my psor master ! " and she described tbat hie invariably -wore shirts of the fir-Et linen , and owing to his having lately suffered frcsi sore throat , he had bten in the habit of wearing a pieca of flannel under bis shirt collar . The body of the other man -was n-. t so fuily identified , but it is supposed to be tbat cf the foreman . No doubt whatever exists as to those cf the lad and the female .

      The fire , ¦ which was nut considerable , "was wholly got under in less than an hour , but immense crowds of idlers of both sexes continued Socking to the spot until a late hour last evtning . It was stated that there iras a very large stock of fireworks on the premises , ¦ which had been made up for exportation .

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      HOUSE OF LORDS . —Monday , Mabch 2 . Lord BROrGHiM introduced his measure for the establishment of local cumy courts to which the trial of all personal actions in -which the < damages sought to be recovered did not t scr > d £ 50 should be confined ; the judges to be v . vy kit < -d under the proposed bill ¦ would also have a vuiunmy jurisdiction in actions to any amount , if the parties -houM signify their consent in ¦ writing to abide hy : h > nr decision . The measure had been already favourably entertained by their Lordships , and he hoped that r . ti : ker the lapse of time , nor the change of circum ? ia ; : ^ r-. would be found to have altered their opinion r -n it

      The LoiiD CHaxtkllor announced bjs intention of laying before ihe Hou ^ i-p the course of a lew days , a bill trith thesauie or j-ct as that "which Lord Brougham had introduced . Including that brought in by Lord Ccttenham . th * -rfcfv > re , tht-re woald then be three billB upon the tuJ-ject at ono before their Lordships . LJrii Cajjpb £ 1 i , hn < rSy expressed his h £ > p » that the cour-tiy wouid not be- left much longer without local courts f' ^ r ine admin . -trat : un of che . ip jastice ; and the House thrii adjuurced .

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      MB . FBB . RAI 7 D-S SPEECH . HOUSE OF CO 3 IiIO . NS . —Tuvrsday , Feb . 24 . In oar lar-t week's third ediioa we gave a very condensed report of the proceed ) ng 3 in the House of Commons . on Thursday wetk ; the excellent speech of ilr . F « rrand , howtver , compels us to reprint it at len ^ ttt . After the House had been addressed by sever .: ¦ Hpnonrable Members , Mr . FERRAND rose , und was greeted with tremendous cheering . He said—It -would be great folly and ingratitude in me -were I to take advantage of the kind indulgence which has always teen shown me by the House , and inflict a long speech ux on you at this late stage ef the debate ; but I trust you -will give me a hearing for a few moments , when you recollect that for the last few days I have been the object at which nearly all the

      Hon . Gen'lemen opposite have hurled their pointless darts—( cheers . ) I am happy to say that , clothed in the mintle tf truth , I have come through the onesided vrar anseathed and unharmed—( cheer ? . ) It is true the Hon . Baronet the Member for the Tovrer Hamlets came down the night after I had addressed the House , and said , — " Even had I the ability to reply to the speech of the Member for Kuaresborongh , 1 do notthir . k I should have the inclination , for though hia speeches may amuse the House , they are more calculated to damage the Right Hon . Baronet and the party behind him . I , therefore , mafce a present of him to the Right Hon . Baronet . I will Jpave him in the hands of the Right Hor . Baronet , and wish him joy of him . " ( laughter . ) Sir . . I will support the Right

      Hon . Hor . Baronet when I can conscientiously do so , and n . y £ nppcrfc will be given without any hope of reward or expectation of an hDncnr as bieh as that bestowed npon a gallant ciEcer below me 'Sir H . Hardingej , fcr many years cf toil in the service of bis country—( cheers . !—and for tae loss of limb which he has sustained—( cheers;—an honour which wastestowi-d upon the Her . Jler&bcr fur the Tower Haaih ts , for what services 1 kiiov ? cot , by the late self-uenying nopatronage Government . ( Cheers . ) Then , Sir , next cam 6 the attack of the Hod . Member for Sheffield ( Mr . Wardr . "Withthat blushing modesty—Ooud laughter )—for -which he is conspicuous— -with that positive authority by -which he has become notorious— ( roars of laughter )—he declared that my speech -was one tf scandalous levity .

      Then fallowed the Hon . 31 ember for Wycombe ( Mr . Bernal ) , and he told the House ILat my speech was one of bombastic declamation . ( Laughttr ) Now , " I quarrel ¦ with neither of the Hon . Members . I shall eave them to settle -the dispute as best they may , contenting myself ¦ with offering up a fervent prayer that it may be settled amicably . iLaughter . j My next assailant was the Hon . Member for Salford ( Mr . Brotberton ) . I ask the indulgence of the H euse for a moment , ¦ while 1 defend myself from and txpese a most despicable quibble— ( cheers . } The Hon . Member , speaking of my speech , said , " If I am to jud . se of the correctness ' of his speech by what I know to be untrue , I shall not va ^ ne it very faighly . I know that there are some statements that are entirely destitute tf fonntiation . " It

      will be remembered that I stated in a former speech , that the Hon . Member for Stockport ( Mr . Cobden ) worked his milin night and day . The Hon . Member for Salford said , " he spoke from his own knowledge when he said , the Hon . Member for Stockport never had a mill in his life "—( cheers . ) I instantly gave my authority np to the Honse^—( cries of "No , no . " ) I placed my authority in the hands of the House , and said if the name ¦ were , demanded I ¦ would instantly give it , but I was met with a general cry of No , " from this side of the House , which was most generously responded to from yours . In a few minutes siter the Hon . Member for Salford left the House I followed him , and offefed

      him the-name cf my authority , to shew him the letter , and to give him the date and the name of the place from which it came . The Hop . Member laughed in his quif t way , and said , " But we call them printworks In Lancashire , not mills "—( loudcries of "Oh , oh !**) Bat , in justice to my authority , 1 trust the House vrill indulge me by allowing me to read four lines from a letter I have received from my correspondent" since . He says— " I notice in the paper this evening that the Rev . Mr . Brotherton— ( loud 4 aujhttr >—has contradicted your statement of Cobden ¦ working his mills night and day ; but I know they wiil not deny working hia printworks near Chorley night and day , nd I have no doubt he is doing so at

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      the present . " S ; r , I now come to what fell from the Hon . Member for Westminster ( Mr . Leader ); he said I mada an incendiary speech . What , that from the Hon . Member for Westminster , the champion for the liberties of the people . '—{ laughter . )—ThaS from the Hon . Member , who asserted that there was nothing but class legislation in this House , and that the working classes are not represented at alL la it to be borne that I may not here assert as I am instructed by them'to do—that I may not aeserfc that tbe working classes are convinced that the Corn Laws are not the cause of the distress under -which they labour , but that it is the persecution -which they suffer from their masters . BuS said the Hon . Member for Westminster , ¦ if what I asserted were true , then it was my duty to move for a

      Committee . Sir , I say tliat the House haa been in Committee many days —( a laugh }—and I distinctly bring the charge against those manufacturers before thess gentlemen , calling themselves of the anti-Corn Law League . Who denies my assertion ? It is true the Hon . Member for Salford did so ; but who else ? He stands alone . Those gentlemen out of doors say they will treat me with contempt ; but have not my statements caused a sensation throughout the length and breadth of the land ?—( cheers and laughter . )—Yes . I will tell the Hon . Member for Wycombe that that is true . They have destroyed the anti-Corn Law League—( laughter . ) You may laugh , but my statements have destroyed you . I have forced you to join with the Chartists—( cheers)—it was the only -way left you

      by which you could continue the unholy au « l selfish agitation you have parried on for years . ( Cheers . ) You have coalesced -with those who hate you in their hearts . ( Cheers . ) I can prove that ; and if you urge them on to rebellion , as you have been trying to do —( cheers , laughter , and uproarj— I warn you that their 6 " . at outbnrbt will be to plunge the knife in the bosoms of their oppressors . ( Cheers . ) Let me assure you that if you goad them on , there is sufficient force and strength in tha ountry to make you quail before it ( Cnters . ) Xow , Sir , I would call the attention of the Hon . Member for Westminster to a letter I have received from a poor working man ; and perhaps the House will oblige me by allowing me to read a few lines from it . 1

      ( " Read all . ') I shall do so with plaasuro . My correspondent says— " , —I hope when you have read this you will pardon the liberty I have taken in addressing it to you . The speech which you delivered on Monday "has cacsed moro sensation than nny that was made during the whoie debate ; because we all have witnessed similar transactions to those you then related , and many working men have experienced worse treatment than you have described . Nobody has ventured here to deny your assertions . The rooms of the Leeds Operative Conservative Society were besieged by strangers aaxious to have a peep at The Times of Tuesday , all of whom confirmed your statements . The " L' -agueis" are raging at their exposure . But I should not have troubled von had not Mr . Bernal

      doubted your Ktatements respecting the Anti-Corn Law petitions . Why , in L-eds , on several occasions , the Leaguers have been defeated by the Chartists at public meetinss . The very number of signatures to the petitions proves them to be forgeries . In the township of . Leeds , which contains ab « ut 87 , 000 inhabitants , it is said that no less than 43 . 000 signatures have been obtained , and in the whole borough , ( including the women ' s petition , 23 , 000 ) no less than 66 , 000 signaturea , or nearly the half of the population of all ages . Besides this fact ( I have a rather extended circle of acquaintance ) I meet with numbers who are indifferent to , numbers who are positively opposed to , the Whig scheme—runi >> er 3 who are favourable to the repeal , who will not sign any petition whatever . The

      petitions have fcpen hawked round the machine shops and factories . They have been placed in all parts of the town : men have beeD engaged to go from house to bouse with cheap-bread petitions . One young man , by name R- bt . WhiUhead , who came to work in the same room as myself the day after the petitions were closed , informed me that from Monday morning to Tuesday noon he procured 850 names , for which he was paid 8 s . 6 d ., at the rate of Is . a 100 . In one yard , which thy printed statistics of the borough states to contain thirtyfour houses , tais man says he obtained near 300 names . This man is a repealer , and a pretty fair informed man , and no doubt could tell how hundreds of sham signatures were obtained . I could fill sheets with incidents which have been related tome , but I forbear , merely 1

      assuring these are facts which I can prove . ' Sir , i have another lettsr from another correspondent . ( Cries of ' name , name . " ) "So , I will not give the name new , but 1 will give it to any Hon . Member who will apply tome when the House is up . He says , "I n all the parts of the manufacturing districts in which I have been , I have beard tbe ' workiea" declare that it is truth you have told them in tae House , and that if you wanted any to corroborate what you have said , you might have hundreds of thousands to affirm it I will now put you in possession of a fact in the way and manner in which the Corn Law League manufacture their petitions . The other day I called upon one manufacturer to ask him to sign the petition in favour of the Ten Hours' BilL He was in a room

      filled with power-l&oms , an < 1 he heard jne say * petition ; ' he instantly said ' Yes , and went across the yard into . his counting-house , and lifted up tho lid of his desk , took out a petition , and said . * Now , you see : I think I have done it pretty well . I have varied my band as much as possible , a :: d I have put them an down , far I have taken them out of the wage-book . '" Now what think you of tbo manner in which your petitions are got up ? Sir , in detailiug the misery , tlic plunder , and the robbery that is committ . -d upon t ! ie poor working man by the manufacturers belonging to the Anti-Corn Law Leaeue , I am prepaied to prove that they used the truck Bys ' em as one of the engiiv . m vi their destruction . I will now read to tbe honst ; a ttat .

      meut that will make you stand ngk . tst . . ( Laughu-r . ; Yes , it will have that effect upon any Hou . Mtmh' . r who has a heart to feel for the suffenntB of the po . r I wish tbe House to remember that I rievtr did chargf these crimes upon the whole manufacturers of tht conntry , bat I distinctly charge them upon those mzJ » u facturers who are members of tbe Anti-Corn I / iw League . I know many manufacturers in my ow neighbourhood who are men ef the kindefit natures , but they tell me that they cannot compete with those inuniifacturers whe are connected with the League , beeaute they paid their labourers in money , while the Leaguers paid theirs upon the truck system . I wiil tell the Hon Member for Manchester , who defended the manufac '

      turers——Mr . M . Philips rose , amidst loud uproar ami c . ie ? of " Order . " He said ( across the table . ) thnS lij . bad not denied that some manufacturers T . rtrv 5 cu pabl-j ; they were like other classes , and there were bad or . ef amongst them . Mr . Ferrand—I am obliged to tha II . n . Gent . Vman , tor it justifies what I was going to say . 1 v . -iii now give him a broad sketch of no isolatel cases , bu ! - of many of the most flagitious nature wh cV are ii'vw occurring throughout Lancashire . " Messrs . Mcnk and Sju "—( loud cries of " Name" ) I ng ; iin tell H .- > ii . Members that 1 am prepared to provo everything which I assert . If any Hon . Member will m < nv for a Committee , I pledge myself to summon witnesses to prove every word of what I am going to read ¦ but 1 trmt that , uuder present circumstances , the House will ugree with me , that it will not bo fair to give l > tho world the names of the parties . ( Cheers . ) " Messrs and Son , -, three mills . There is a . shop in the

      immi « Jiate vicinity of each of these mills , and each sin p is kept by a son-iu-law for his own advantage . Tuo workpeople are also supplied with coals by . the-same firm . Mr . , two milia . Tho workpeople are obliged to procure both food and clothing at a shop in the neighbourhood of the mills , which is kept by his brother for his own benefit . Mr — ' ¦ , one mill . close to which is a sbop , over the door of which his son ' s r . ame is placed , who is a minor residing wth his father . Messrs . and Co ., one mill . They have a shop which is kept for their own bent-fit Mr . — . cue mill , necr which a shop is kept by his son-in-law , for Mb own benefit , who is also manager of tho : niV . Tfcere are five more m "> lis in this very neighbourhood which have cottages attached to them , and belonging to the ovrotrs , and which are occupied by their workpeopla" ; The Tending ~ of this document was iiittrrupted throughout with loud cries of " name , nar-ie . " In order to make members aware of the nnnner in which these manufacturers

      evaded the penalties of the law , I will state how they arrange matter . * . On the Saturday i . ^ gbt the working people go into the counting-house , where they are paid their wages in money , but instead of being allowed to come out the same way , they are obliged to go through a room , in which is sitting tbe person who keeps the books at the truck shop be ' ocging to the mill , and there they have to pay every farthing of the food and clothing which they bad required during the previous week , end if it could bb proved that one man had spent even oce halfpenny on sny fort of goods out of tbat shop , he would be instantly , sud without one word of explanation , discharged from bis . employment —( cheers ) . Now I call that a tax upon food—( cheers ) —that I call a tax upon provisions . That is your free

      system—( cheers ) . It is notorious that the masters obtain 25 per cent , upon the whole of the goods they sell , and that they make 10 per cent , upon the ccttages they oblige" their workmen to reside in ~ A key is placed in the bands of any woikman who applies for and obtains work at any of these mills , and it is well understood that thnt is the key of a cottage built by his master , wha will not let it to him under 10 . per , cent , for the outlay of hia money , nor give him employment unless be takes it There was a class system—thtrn was a system of free trade under which the large raantficturers were making fortunes , yet they come forward and say the landed interest must yield 1 now come t j the Right Hon . Member for Edinburgh ( laughter ) , who has stated that the members ef the

      anti-Corn Law League had not used such violent language out of doors as I have used in this House . The Hon . Member will perhaps permit me to call his attention t » the lan £ inge nttered by an individual at a meeting ef the anti-Corn Law delegates , in allusion to the Bfght Hon . Baronet at tee head of her Majesty ' s Government I am convinced that , however Hon . Members opposite may differ from the Right Eon . Baronet in political opinions , they wiil bear record with a generous and manly spirit that he does net deserve he slander I am about to read to the House—( hear . ) Mr . G . Thompson says , alluding to the Corn Law . — " Cursed law , dcubling the primeval curse , turning the warm sweat of industry into the chiil damp of starvation —( tremendous cheers . ) " ( Loud l . iughter frcm all parts of the House . ) "He denounced that law—

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      { cheers . ) It was an impious law—( cheers ) : But this wicked man ( Sir It . Peel ) the . law-maktr , the Landed ar itt-jcrat , , had virtually munopolisccl tha universal bounty of ( Jod , and we i stirVa iu cohEequeacb of . it . " Colonel Thompson saysr , "He sfcouM hfrasdf co-iscientiously , and with integrity , advocate tho taking a largo retribution on the landlords hov ?^ many would follow him depended on them , not on himself . " My opinion is , that if the people wait UU the Hon . and Gallant Colonel attempt * : to " -taka" this ^ rtttibution ; they \ $ ill . Jteye , |( f wait . a considerable time . ( Great iaughteaft ^ , T ; will now read to ths House a speech deli-JeieAatia meeting of tho anU-Curn Law 'League by tfee- ^ oiv Member who has just sat down , and I wish th » - 'Right J 3 ; n . Gentleman , tho Member for

      Edinburgh ( Mr . Macaulay ) , had been . present , that he might hear this language . When 100 , 000 men threatened to , come down from Birmingham ti tbis metropolis—for ^ ghich they received the thanks of tho Noble Lord the Menibar for London ( Lord J . Russell )—Loed Grey said to the House of Lords , " Set your house in order , for the people are coming down upon you . " I think I may also say to the Hon . Members of this House , " Set your house in order , for tho Hon . Member ia coming rfown upon y * u , " ( Laughter . ) The Hon . Memberfor Stockpoi-t ( Mr . Cobden ) thus appeals to the passions of the people : — " Their metal irould be tried in a fortnight or throe week * . He had toU them that the aristocracy must be frightened . Were they prepared to make sacrifices and to nndergo suffering to carry this

      question ? ( Cheers , and loud cries of " Yes , yep . The t ' -ma was not far off when they might ba callel upon -to ninkc sacrifices ami to undergo sufterings . The timemigUt soon come when th&ymight bo called upon to inquire as Christian-men whether an oligarcy which , ha ^ s usurped tha govcrniiumt ( cheers ) , placed its foot on the crown—( immense cheering , which continued some minutes )—and trampled down the people—( continued cheering—how far such an oligarchial usurpation was deserving of their moral anA , religious s import , dmrnenss cheering . ) If thc-y wore prepared for suffering tliey would soon have an opportunity of suffering . ( Cheer 8 . i When the proper time should coine , bo would be prepared to set them an example of suffering , to suffer with them—( loud cheers . ) " ( Luugliter . ) When I

      read that " speech I trembled from hoad to foot—( Great LttUjflfter ) I will now toll the House how the members of the anti-Corn Law League contrive to enhance the price of corn . Are Hon , Members opposite aware that , Recording to a calculation which has been niit ' e , 100 , 000 quarters of whsdt : are annually consumed by the men of the Anti-Corn Liw League , to enable'them to defraud the public by daubing their calicoes sjith flour paste 1— ( great laughter , which goiitinued -for , jiRmie . moments- ) Some Hon . Gentlemen opposite do ' nnt laugh ; they seo the ninrdor is cut—( rtnevreil laughter . ) , I can prove what I have just asseitedbjr the evidence of manufacturers of the highest stalling in the country , who are prepared to . coma forw .-u-I and bear out my statements / and exbose this

      system of robbery and plunder—( hear . ) It was only the other day that a poor manwas transported [ for seven ywivs for selling to thy Noble Lord the . Secretary for the C hmies ( Lord Stanley ) a , few bricks f <> r a chandelier—( loud laughter . ) I h : ive received the following statement from an individual who , as well as others , is rea iy'to give evidence on the subject befure a committee of this House , if required to do eo : — " Immense quantifies of flour aro used in the cotton trade to give a false appearance to thb calico" —( laughter , and cries of " Oh . '" ) I assure the Hou ^ o it is true—¦( hear . ) I assert the f . icD , and I ask Hon . Gentlemen opposite , who are acquainted wi £ h-the cott- > n trade , whether it is net tiua ? —( lwai , hear . l My informant ' proceeds—r" Some manufacturers use from 2 . 0 (/ 0 to 3 , 000-packs per annum .

      ; The calicoes tire passed through a machine , in which ; they are stretched in length and breadth ; The intertti-• iK' 9 occasioned hy stretching are tilled up by paste , I which is applied by a brush- Afterwards the calico is passed between two rollers , which j press or calender it . It thfin comas out api patently a beautiful , fine , stout piece ef calico , ! Its real quality is discovered in washing ; after both the ipurchas ^ money and the expense of making it itto ; wearing apparel hntl proved / : it to be a dead loss to the ¦ contidinx ; purchaser . " I will now , with the permiasion 1 of the House , read an extract from a letter written by ;¦ an English merchant , exposing a . process which is adopted by certain manufacturers of bujing up all the ; old rags they can obtain , which are torn up into pieces by-. a machine , and converted into a kind of dust , and are then mixed with wool , which is eventually

      manufac ! nred into cloth . This duft , from its nauseous nature , and from its ; -. engendering numerous diseases , has bean christened by the workpeople of Yorkshire ¦ j tho "Devil ' s duBt "— ( great laughter ) The goritlHman ; I to whom I refer writes : — " rhinga are worae and : Worse in Hurldersfloid , nh < i it seems that all is over ; without nny hope . Tiio trade is leaving this country ! most rapidly , H- — in paying nflf nearly 200 of his weavers , because the foreigners are sending the same sorts of goods over at very little more than half the prico that he has bedn selling them . at . I wish you could get a full account of this shoddy trade ; it is I mons ' . rous , They now put scarcely any -wool into their 1 , only just as much as will keep , the devil's dust together . The rags ,, . ' ^ tt 3 yau know , are collected from th- . i uiosb-ftlthy holes in London and iiublin , and are bri ^ u ^ ht front .: the must tiuh « a ! thy regions ^ infected by the plague and every epidemic , and of course thej ' .-are full of dc . nhiy prison . B— S—^— - has had a hoat- ' oad of this rubbish , and also buys a good deal of , tho I ) 9 * v : ibury ptoplo . . Whcr bis goods are made-up , the firat time they are worn . thc-y sjilit up , and then the . came begins . Mr . - — . informs me that B— S has sent out ; i large quantity of ' doGi-fcinV charged 5 s . !)¦! . per yard , which have proved to ! . 't- not worth ' ont frnt ' jing—not worth tailor's wages Tht-y -Hill . ' ill be cent Kick from America to the manu-; i :. 'turr . ? -, . vith a charge-of 5 s 8 d . a yard upon them for ' .:.. ' . )' . y . ;' i-iii ^ . ffr-iaht , coinniis 5 ion . ' -&o .. ; and this , of < : r .-.:, 1 k--: des tne loss of the goods " , t ^ iey bei-: g worthi-rtSs . I i i his won't cure him , I cannot tell what will . '>! .-. has hern vn tho continent rvc&ntiy , ami there ; . v . ' iiiv . ' ;¦ . small mamifictary of * doeskins , ' nil made cf ¦ vfoul , no ru . vi ' i ' 8 < li' . st / intbem .. Tho man , before this f i / : u 3 on , hv l ) ul ! t'vea , had never made .-. eighteen pieces of ^ co ;!? jii one year . He had il . iun in hand-. an order for } . $ < ¦* i > i : i » 3 , consideral'ly below the price of English ' . k'v'l ' t dust goods , pretending U > be of the same quality . Thu = the nwniif icture is It-avihg us as fast as it an- Ihaiik * to the knuv ^ ry of our avaricious , ovotous , t-. lifp . tirg , i .-anting s . slves . Xothing can show our base-! C "; S apci fkceit more than this . These things prove cif ? Tly , liipfcour ruin is deservedly broufjht upon us by i . ; . t o-. vi ! viliainy . H ia well known thot tho Shelh ' eld--.-: -- iiit ^ -d cast-iron cutlery upon tho foreigners fjr ittiji . i . r . 'il they would not have it given ; and they l-: i \ ft Ji . ui t !> find now ' countries ; to send it to , and their fi . 'iiiitv customers have been obliged to nianuficture for tliea : st ! vr . s . Thus cur canting , professing Christians , art' ruining their own-country-, and cheating the poor pagi . ns . and all the while blubbering about ' trusting in Pro ndence , ' and are trying to make Parliament . believe thnt they care for the poor ! " [ While Mr . Ferrand , waa reading the nbeye extract , Colonel Sibthorp , who h . id betn conspicuous in cheering the Hon > Member in the coure ; of his speech , was observed to leave the Houoo , a ad soon afterwards returned with : a large oran < j ; n , v / hich ho presented to Mr . Ferrand amidst roirb of laughter . ] I will only detain tho House a few rnonitnt-i lomjer ( tho Hpnoniable Gentleman contiuHMij , . while I call their attention to a meeting of inar . ufccturers which was held some years nao ia New-York ; - Au account of it appeared in all tbe Amtncan papfts , and tbe account I will , with the permission of the House , read , is from an eye-witnesf . He t-. iys , — " it was my go . od luck t > attend a meeting oi i ; : t 3 chants and mnnufacturers cuii-yenoi in the Town Hall , for the purpose of 'considering the beat means of ; proteuting tho manufacturers of the United states . ' The ii ! i : ctiii , ^ « a s composed of manufacturers of all grades , and % -ftiy numerously attended ; and a spirit of unaiiim ) ty pcrvafied the assembly . Specimens of cloth of JoLn liull ' a manufacture were held , up to the goza of the motiii ^ , all in tatters , anfl motlieattiii by the pasu-. Tiitse were compared witb their own lionest : iiomestic manufacture , and the following resolution was cgreed to : — " That it is the opinion of this nieet' ¦ ing that it is the duty of Congress to protect the manufactures of the United States by au augmentation of the present tariff , to prohibit , as far as possible , the iuipoJtation ' of foreign mannfactures '"— ( bear , hear . )^—I will j list call the attention of the Right Hon . Batonet the First Level of 'the Treasury to a fact which has not ' been li'uu ^ ht before the notice . ' . of the House , yet a most iuiportai . t . fact . . It is , that if the Corn Laws were to be repealed there would l ; e » n immense body of industrious labourers iu the Noith of England not only thrown out of employ , but ; ruined : for ever . That ruin would result from this cause : —It has been for many years tbe custom of ^ e chief landed proprietors in the North to let pieces of waste land tu working men en leases of fourteen , twenty-one , or fourteen years , ita sr . iall rent , on condition that they shall break up that land , and repay themselves by the sale of the c « . ra which they may produeo from it . Now , if the Corn Laws were to be r < p ? aled , all these men must be ruined ; yet t ' . ity have as much right to protection frem the country as Hon . Members opposite have , aijd they look to the Oovernnieit to protect th ^ m , in order that they may reap sonie slight teward for their ' labour . They nevar dream tbat they can possesa auchi wealth as those gentlemen ; tboy say , '' Live and let live , " that is all they aspire to . Then why refuse them such on offet ? ¦ They say . "'Wei have let you live—wo would scorn to rob you of your own , and it is nnjust , crnel , unmanly , nay , dishonourable , and ben , feata the name of EDgliahuien , to corny forward and advocate a measure , the obv jact cf which is to plunder the poor" —( hear hear . ) The Hon . Member fur Manchester , who spoke the night befare laat , effered his advice to the farmers o ! England . If thef ftrmers of England look to the political consistency of the Hon . Member for Manchester ( Mr . Gibson ) , they will not , perhaps * think mucb of him—( a laugh ); but this I wiJI say , the farmers of England look to the lawB of their country for protection : and when they lose that protection , depend on it , if they fall , you will fall with them —( cheers ) Mr . Brothebton rose to explain . He felt assured that any one who knew him would bis satisfied that he never could use any expreasion which he intended should bear a different , meaning from tbat which he attached to it When be stated that be bolievetl that the Hon . Member for Stockport h-d never had a mill in hia life , hs fully believed that such was the fact , especially . % ? he used ( he wcrd " mill" in its common acceptation among manufacturers . ( "OhI" ) He had

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      readm a newspaper an account of the Hon . Member , in which it was stated that he had had a mill ; but , as he found , it waa not prbfttable , he had sold it He ( Mr , Brotheitony did not know where the mills of , the Hon . Gentleman were , andhe tnought he was perfectly understood , when speaking of " mills / ' aa meaning cotton , ¦ woollen ^ ® r silk mills , where children were employed . ( " Qh ! "j The Hon . Gentleman , the Member for KnaresboTough , himself perfectly well knew ths meaning that was generally attached to the word " mills v ' C' Oh . ' "( He ¦ ( Mr . Brotherton ) . bad entertained no wish to dtoeire the House , and if he had made use of any expression calculated to -convey a wrong idea , he would have no hesitation in nt once retracting it —( hear , and a laugh . ) He believed at the

      time what he -said , ' - and though the Hon . Member had used expressions towards himself which ought not to have been lightly used , he had no doubt whatever , that if the name of bis correspbndent , whose cbmmuhicatlon ho had read to them , were given , ho would tinn but to be onei of his own political opponents—one : of thoso who , he would say , were the meanest and the most malignant party that ever man ; bad opposed to him . Ho did not wish to return railing for railing , or he could have said that he had seen many letters as to tho Hon . Member , and the character he h : vd in his own neiarbboitrjaood , and the value tbat was put there upon his expressions ; and he vrould , therefor ¦ . content himself by merely repeating , that in what had fallisn from him on a former evening he had had uo intention to deceive the House .

      Mr . Cobden also rose to exp ' ain . He said , once for all , ho considered hia position in that House to lia .-anything but one which called on him , or , 'illowcfl him , to indulgein ^ ross personalities , And he could assure the Hon . Member opppsits , that ho * ever he might ingeniously devise partisan warfare of this very clever kind , he ( Mr . G ) would aever enter into ijerson . il alternation in that House . He held such a course to be disrespectful to the country which sent them tbere , ond in two words he ¦ would eay , thab he dirt tremble for tho dignity of that House when such language us they had heard that night could be liitened to with cwnp ' ace iicy ( " Oh , oh . I . ' ' . " Explain ! " " Order J "> He repeated ttlat ho did consider the dignity of that House in da nger when he found such language and such demeanour & 8 thoy had wit , nessd duritig the la « t half-hour , received as it had been—(" oh ! " )—received as it had been , with such complacency by the Bight Hon . Gentlemen on the Treasury bench , and so cheered by Eon . Members buhind them—( hear , and laughter . ) , .

      Mr . Hindley , Mr . Gill , and Mr . Fielden , shortly addrussed the House . Mr . Villiers then replied , denying the iniputatiops which had been thrown upon the manufacturers by the Hon . Member for Kuareabovough ( Mr . Ferrand ) . The speech which the Hod . Member made fea'J been received with a glee and satisfaction which he bad rc ? ver bufpre witnessed in that house , and this circumstance gave a decided character to the question before the House ; for the division would not know turn on the motion before

      the committee , but it would be a division between those who entertained the same views of the manufactured of thia country as the Hon Member , and these who held different opinions—ihear . ) As no dissentient had been ^ expressed on the opposite side to tr . e st vtements of the Hun . Member , he conceived that those whaconstitutcjd . tho majority against his motion would identify Uiemaslves with the views of the Hon . Member —( cheers and'aughter . ) The Hon . Member had taid that every petition presented against the Corn Ltjws had been paid for—( " No . ho- " )

      Mr . Fkrra ^ D denied that had made such a statement . Mr . Villiers coutincd . As the Hon . Member denied ho he bad eve ? used ttose words , he ( Mr . Villiers ) acknowledged , or at least tho Han . Member acknowledged , that he bad not r-mployed such language , but he repeated again that the Hon . Member said , that all the petitions against the Corn Law 3 had been paid for—( hear , hear , and cries ?' no . " ) The Hon . Member made another ititement which he ( Mr . Villiers ) denied , viz ., - —that thp working classes were not against the Com Laws . This was a vile calumny on the working classes ; and he ( Mr . Villiers ) should not have mooted this question year after year witb / mt having ascertained that the working classes felt intensely oii the subject—( hear , hear . ) Ho presumed the Hon . Member was prepared to prove those charges of plunder , robbery and fraud he ha ; d made against the manufacturers . Mr . FEnitASD —Dacidedly .

      Mr . Villibus undtratood that the Hon . Member was prepared to prove these charges against the manufacturers of England —( " No , no" )—at least against those who had subscribed to the association ngainst the Gem Laws— ( hear , -hear . ) : These charges could not rest . They werd made against certain persons engaged in manufactures whose names and circumstances were known , and it was the duty of those who chfiered the Hon . Member toinsut on the Hnn . Member establisbing his chargas —( cfaeera ) He ( Mr . ViUiers ) considered themselves justified in bringing forward the present motion by the concession which the Right Hon . Baronet opposite had made oh the subject , and he felt convinced that if the people continued to discuss and agitate the question they would eventually succeed in

      carrying it . He felt himseb ! furUier justified in proposing the motion by the course pursued on the other side . No new thing had been stated ; no original idea started —( ironical cheers . ) Nothing but the old stale arguments had been used— ( rerioWed cheers . ) Tbe gentlemen on the other aide could not conceive that an abundance of food would be a benefit . Another argument against any attempt to lower tbe price of food was that it would be highly inexpedient to be dependent on other countries . Ha acarcely believed that any charity boy in the country Could be found to venture on such aii argument . He was charged , in consequence of the motion lie . bad made , with disregarding vested interests . He was not so dishonest as to disregard the rights of property . But when would this charge

      cease to be made ? When were they to begin to change tho law ? The charge , moreover , was just as applicable -against ' a moderiite fixed duty , and even against the proposition of the Bight Hon . Baronet , for the Right Hon . Baronet professed to lower tha duty ; and if squkj of the present protection were withdrawn from the landed interest , it might be argued that some of the worst lands would be withdrawn from cultivation . ( Hear , bear . ) The argument cf the Noble Duke who had left the Government was the only honest one which he had heard from those who opposed his motion . He ( the Duke of Buckingham ] said that the people bad either a right to a total repeal , or the farmers had a right- to their protection . That was a manly and ttraigtitfdrward course , and , however liiuch

      in error , be could not but respect the stern consistency with which the Noble Duke maintained bis opinion . He ( Mr . Villiers ) could understand their saying , " We will compensate every : man injured by taking away protection , " but he could not understand iowe . ing tho protection just enough to injure a few , and leaving others uniujured . He contended the people had ; a right to repeal , and no ground bad been shown for protection . ¦ ' ( ' * Divide" and " Ordtr . " ) He could not understand the arguments of those on his side the House , who were not going to vote with him , but who agreed with his views . They he ^ aa their speeches by the most violent tirades against the Corn L 3 ws , and all of a sudden stopped short and said , Monstrous as this law is , and unjust , and injurious as it is , yet I

      cannot vote with you . I cannot agree to a sudden stappago of this injustice . " ( Hear , htar , hear . ) He ( Mr . ' Villiera ) proposed a resolution , declaratory of the injurious effect of the Corn Law , and that the circumstances of tbo country now no longer warranted its continuance . If that resalutiou sveve carried , a bill would be founded upon it , and tbat did not exclude the claims of particular interests to compensation that might be injured by a total repeal . Re . was extremely sorry that the Noblo Lord below him ( Lord J . Rusfiell ) was goiiig to vote against him ; but he could understand tho position of that Noble Lord : he had come forward to act as aibi « r ; itor between tbe people and thoso who maintained this la \ r . But ho believed his

      Noble Frieud would find himself completely mistaken , and before another yeur was put would see more clearly and distinctly than at present the justice of the claims of the people that the --la w . should be tatally repealed . He contended that the motion he had made was neither violent nor unreasonable , and hejustifled it by the course which had been pursued on other measuros . Those vested interests which had been urged as an argument now , might with tqual reason have been started on other occasions . vVhen the trade with Irelaad was opened tho people then had vested interests , but the general gooti of the empire demanded that measure . When tbe restriction of the currency took place in 1819 , the same argument of vested interests was raised .

      Sir R . Peel . —That was not a sudden change in the law . ¦'¦ - . .. ¦¦ . ¦ ¦ . Mr . Villiers could only say , whether sudden or not , the people were not prepared for it —( " Qiestio . " ) They had never thought of vested interests then . The Reform Bill might have been resisted on tiie same grounds , forunder the old . systems boroughs were made the subject of settlement Tho New Puor Law bad been suddenly parsed ; the discussion on that law did not la&t three months , and he ventured to say that that law had made a greater alteration in the condition of the poor since it had been passed than the repeal qt the Corn Law would in the same time . The fact was the

      Poor Law did more harm than good , and some wform of that lay must take place . He urged those charges against vested interests in favour of hia motion . The great mass of tao communitydesired this law . . to . ' . be - re i pealed—(«* no , no , ' *)^ --andhe wassbrry ; that the division of that night would force this reflection on men's minds —that whaV the mass of the community desired the House of Commons refused . He was willing to compensate classes that might be injored if his proposition should meet with the accord of the House , and declare that the time had come ¦ when the Cora Laws should cease ; the declaration he had to propose wasi that the people wished for a total repeal of the Corn Laws . : .. ¦' . •'¦ ,:. ' ¦ ¦' : ¦¦ . ' ¦ - . ¦ ¦ ' ¦ . .. ' . "• - ¦ . :: ;

      Shortly after one o ' clock , the Committee divided , and about two o ' clock the numbers were declared as follo-ws : — - . ' ¦ ¦ ' . /¦; " ¦'¦ ¦ - ' ' '¦ '¦' " ¦ ' ¦ : - ' ¦ ¦ . ' ¦ For Mr . YiUier ' a moUon ......... 90 Againstit .,.. Majority . 393 On the motion cf Sir R . Peel , The Chairman reported progress . The House then adjouined , iinrcediateiy after two o'clock .

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      " ; ¦¦ . - ;¦' , Monday , Feb . 28 . ; ; : After goto ? into Cnmmittee on . the Presbyteriaa Marriages ( Ireland ) Bill , the Honse resolved itself aguin into Committee on the Corn importation measure . : ~^' - \ - ¦ ..- : ] ¦ ¦' -. ' . /¦ ¦¦' ¦ ' ¦' ' ' : ¦ : ' . ¦ ¦ - : ¦ " .:, ¦" ¦ ¦' - ¦¦ : - : : ¦ .- 5 lr . % ; oDEHOtJSE , representing the county of Norfolk , a district extensively prodncing barley , contended for the continuance of the existing protection on that grain , and desired , therefore , that so much of the proposed resolutiona as related to barley should be expunged from the plan of tho Government . . Sir R . PfiEL' maintaiued that part of the GoTern ^ ment measure which respects barley * as bearing a d * ae proportion to tbat part which respects wheat . . He had not expected so extreme aa opposition , from the notica given from Mr , Wodehouse , in which that Hon . Member proposed to vary the Goyernmehtineasure only by enacting , under 26 s . per quarter , a duty of 133 . instead of a duty 6 f 11 ? . ; J

      Mr . WODEHOUiSE , after some discussion as to the form which his motion ought to assume for the purpose of taking a vote on the question he sought to raise , acquiesced in the Gbarrmah ' s suggestion of moving that the resolutions already passed should be reported to the House : which would have "the effect of closing the deliberations of tha Committee without the inclusion of any alteration in the duties on barley .- ' . - ¦' ¦ •¦ -, ¦ '•" . - . ' . ;; '¦ . ' '"•¦ ... ' -: ' : : : . ''¦' Mr . CUMMi . NG Bruce contended that the proposed

      pr < jt- ; ction on ba . rley would be too low . He apprehended that at this duty foreign barley would be imported to au injurious extent . He wished that Government would reconcsider this part of ths subject , but had no hope ot forcing . them by adverse movem . 'jntSj bii ' mtc well aware that they were not made of those squetzablo material * cf which tho late Ministry had been sold by one of its own supporters to bs composed . Indeed . v had eyeii a greater sacrifice beea required , he should ¦ have had the . consolation to know that at ell events it was asked with houest views acd

      by an nonest Govtrnmerit . Colonel RusubuoOke , who spoke in a Vejy low tone , was uud ^ rstood to de 3 iro a larger prctection for barley . ¦ . . ¦ Lori Worslev thought the existing duty by nb means larger than was requisite for the due protection of the grower , The universal opinion of his county was , that the effect of tbe proposed reduction . would be ti add agricultural to manufacturihj ? distress . . ' . ¦>'¦¦ Mr . Chkistmas feared that tke intended reduction of duty on oats would be injurious to the agriculture of Ireland , and argued that it was put of proportion to the , reduction proposed resperting wheat He did not wiish , however , to interpose any practical Obstruction- : ' ¦

      Mr . Chrtstopiieb said , that if be csuld hope , by . a vote on this motion , to obtain a greater ; protection for the barley-growers , be would support Mr , Wodehouse ; but he did not ctfnceiye that such a result could be accomplished by-that course :. and , waa therefore cf . opinioa that the sooner the queation could now bo brought to a ssttlement , the better . Mr . Shaw apprehended tbat foreign oils could be imported at or under fifteen shillings , and that therefore the Government duty would b « too low to protect the oats of Ireland . The great mass of the Irish labourers were wholly dependent on agriculture , and of late bad been particularly employed in the cultivation of oats . : ¦' ... "• ¦ After « few words from Sir D . Roche .

      Mr . C . BULLEU ridiculed the country gentlemenfor not venturing t ' -j vote according to their opinions lest they fchould find themselves in a rnihortty .. He exhorted them to follow the courageous example of their great idol , the Duke of Buckingham . " . ¦ ' ' ¦ - - Mr . Wodehouse declared that his object was only to obtain a reconsideration of the subjeet from Government , an v that he did not intend pressing his motion to a division . ¦ . ; ..- . ' . Mr .: Palmer ( Essex ) considered the proposed duty on oats as inadequate to the protection of the grower . - . : ' ¦¦ - . - ' : - ,.. . ' - ¦" , : ' .. The motion being then withdrawn , the resolution of Government ai to the duty on barley was carried without a division * The Government resolution as to the duty on oata being next put , ' . : - - ... ' : ' ¦

      Mr . Smiu O'Brien expressed his apprehension that foreign oats might at the proposed duty be imported in quantities very hurtful to Irish agriculture . Sir : b . Roche cantended for further protection to IrishOats ; ¦' . ¦ --. ' / ¦ ¦ . ¦ . ' ¦ ¦" -. : ; ' . ; . ,: ' ¦ - . , - ' ,-And Sir R . Bateson and some other Members said each a few words to the same effect . :. Mt . Redington diverged at some length into the general question between the sliding scale and a fixed dntyV--. ¦ ; ,: . - ' O - ¦ ¦ ¦ : . ' ' ¦ : / ¦' ; ' , - .. .. - ¦ : . ¦ ¦ '" •;¦ . ;¦ ' . ; . ¦ ' ;¦• ' Mr . Gladstone contended , that in the new modification of the sliding scale , the Government [ had preserved the old proportions between wheat , barley , andi oats , at each point of the scale , as nearly as was consistent With tho exclusion of fractional sums ; tha

      object in each case having been to impose that duty , and no mote than that duty , which would prevent an injurious amount of coHipetition from foreign growers . With a few exceptions , both the barley and the oata of the continent were inferior to those of our own country , and of consequence did not compete with our own produee , even when the prices were nominally the sameTV He entered iiito calculations , showing ; the impracticability of obtaining any considerable quantities " of either grain , except at prices too large to affect the home market . He feltthe ' .-impossibility of allaying every ftar ; tut'the safest evidencevto rely uppn was that which Government had had the opportunities of colecting from all quarters ; aad tbia evidei : ce was such S 8 . convinced him that the proposed duties were an ample protection .

      Mr . M . O Connell urged that the propoitions had not been pr served at the extreme points of the scale . He called for a greater protection on bats , tboii ^ h hd would admit that he bad voted for repealing ail pxotectioa on all sorts of groin . Sif R . PkeL animadverted on this inconsistency ; marvelling how a member could nave voted a few nichts ago against all protection to Irish in common with all other produce , who waa how so critical about a fractioniil disproportion at the extreme end of u scale . Memiieri opposite wero loud enough about ^ that insult to the country which they alleged to be involved hi the continuation * of any protection at all ; but thty were epuallyloud on the other side of the question , as soon r . sany protection of their own constituents was fiffected The longer these debates lasted , the more was he convinced tbat the measure he bad framed was tbo safa and the just as well as the moderate course .

      Mr . O . GORE was ; anxious ; thait Government ahould recpnsider their proposal with respect to oate . Dr . Bowrisg thought that oats required protection still less than wheat . . . Mr , Baring maintained it to be quite consistent that members favourable to the principle of complete freedom of import should , when the House had rejected tbat principle , endeavour to procure protection particular interests . . . Mr . Harford said a few words ; and then the House , dividing , affirmed the Ministerial resolution by a majority of 256 against 53 . ' / -. }' IJpon the resolution respecting ihe duty on flour , Lord San don . in behalf of the millers , pleaded for an ampler protection . ' ;

      Sir R . Peel announced , that after gmng tbe ftdleso consideration to this subject , he couldnot consent to alter the proposed rate of duty . If the ptotaction of flour were increased , the foreign groWeia who would be the most prejudiced would be precisely those , whom every man must admit that it would be most our interest to favour—namely , those of the United butes . He proceeded to show that the exiting protection was substantially sufficient . Mr , LaBGueiiERE expressed his satisfaciion at the determination of Sir . R . Peel- / The resolution then passed . Mr . Smith / O'Brien moved that all colonial grain should be admitted , duiy free , for one year , or for Bomo other period * to ba limited by Parliament . He urged the claims of pur emigrating population Upon the mother country ; and expressed his opinion that the colonies ought to be represented in the British Parliament v

      ; Lord Stanley , desirous as he was , in common with his colleagues , to encourage the intercourse of the colonies with the mother country , could not consent to this proposal . The : agricuitnral interests , he believed , would feel litjtle jealousy at the introduction of wheat or flour from Uie Canadas , if it were really Canadian produce ; but , in fact , it would be chiefly the produce of the United States , conveyed through the Conadasi If the Canadian law as to importation from the United States should be so altered as to prevent that kind of transit , then indeed the question might take a different aspect . ' - '"; .. " . "• ' ¦ : . ' : ¦'¦ ¦' ' ' - .. ¦' ! . '¦ - . ' ¦ " ¦ . : •'¦' , '¦ ... ' . : ¦' . ¦ ¦¦' . ¦' . ¦ ' . ¦ " V Mr . Labouchere cphceived Lord Stanley to oyerestimate the prpportlah of wheat imported into the Canadas . ¦' : He requested from Government some explanation of their intantious as to the duty'upoa such importations . ; .- '• ¦ ' ¦ ' ¦ •' ¦ ¦•¦ . ¦ ¦ ¦' - ' .. ' - ..- " : ' '' .: ' . ' ] -. " - .. - ¦ : ' ¦ ¦ ¦' :- ¦ ''

      Mr ; GladstONB quoted oflScifll returns showing tha very large quantities of American com imported Into , and ground within , the Canadas . The sama thing was true as to Nova Scotia . With respect to the question about the object of the duty of 2 a . peif barrel , intended to be proposed on flour .- . imported from th (* United States into Canada , he would say that it was neither a British nor a Canadian object simply , but an in * tercolonial one . The duty in every other colony was 23 ., and it ought to be of the same amount in tut Canadas . : - ' A : ,. ' . ' : . ¦ - .- ' . .. ¦ : •' ¦? : : - ; '; . -. ' ' - . . ' ¦ '¦ •¦• ¦ ' .:: ¦ : ¦ ::- ¦ Mr . Labouchebe professed himself at a loss to understand this pelicyi which he regarded as a mere needleai and wanton innovation . : .. ^ Mr . Gladstone referred to a simi ar arrangement made List year by Mr . Labouchere himself as to East India ram .. ¦ :: ¦ " ¦ ¦ •' - " : ¦ ' : - - '¦ . ' : ¦¦ '¦'•¦¦ ¦¦ "¦ ¦ ¦ : -. : ' .- " . - " ¦ - : . ¦

      Mr . C . BULLER ridiculed the attempt at equalising different colonies among each other by additional duties , likening it to the object of tite beadle , who , being ordered to put one boy in the fitooks at one end of tho church , ' put a second boy into another pair of stocks at the other end , " for the sake of uniformity . " He recommended that Mr .: O'Brien , insteadt of pressing the subject to a division tken , should take the senso of the House upon it in Committee on tteBaL ' .- ' .- - "' .- ' ' . ' .- ' " - ^ - ¦ ;¦" . . - ; . WV- \ - ¦ :- /' - "/ --- " ' - : ' . : : : Mr . Stuakt Wortley suppcrtel the views of Government . ¦ " ' . " .. " ¦ . ' - ' - ' . ' - " ¦ : ' : ¦ . - ] -: , " Mr . O'Brien p rsleted in dividing the House , and WSS defeated by a majority of 135 ajgainst 38 .

      Untitled Article

      . ; THE NORTHERN STAR . g

      %&Fez Znteuigpnte

      % &fez ZnteUigpnte

      Untitled Article

      A-New Theoky . — "A new and startling theory as regards , the natnral duration of human life , appears in a * little book , called " The Extraordinary Life and Times of Thomas Parr , " generally called Old Parr : thi * little work , besides the said theory , contains much that is instructive and profitable , as regards ihe means of ensuring good health , and all may be obtained . gratnitously of any agent for Parr ' s Life Fi . la—a medicine which is rapidly superseding all others , as it has never yet failed to conquer the most inveterate disorders . "

      £Mjimal 3. 3arltam*Nt.

      £ mjimal 3 . 3 arltam * nt .

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), March 5, 1842, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct744/page/3/