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Northern Star (1837-1852), 23rd September 1843, Edition 3 of 4, Page 4, Untitled Article

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    • Skpml attn ©meral 3£ntrntsroce.
    • PORTRAIT OF W. P. ROBERTS, ESQ.
    • THE NORTHERN STAR. SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 23, 1843.
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      Untitled Ad

      Mr . O'OojiKOB has received communications from many districts in all of which a very great desire is expressed to have a ToaiHAii of Mr . Roberta , the people's Attorney-General We cannot wonder that & strong -wish should be entertained to possess a Likeness ; of so truly amiable , talented , and true a man ; and although we know that Mr . O'Connor had determined to give bo more Portraits , yet we have the pleasure to announce that all Subscribers for Three Months , from Saturday , the 16 th of Sept , will receive A PORTRAIT OP W . P . ROBERTS , THE PEOPLE * ATTORNEYGENERAL . We request the several Agents to open lists for the enrolling of names , as none but Subscribers from the above dates win receive a plate . The price ef Paper aud Plate when presented -will be Sixpence ; and nose wDl be sold without tbe p » per .

      Skpml Attn ©Meral 3£Ntrntsroce.

      Skpml attn © meral 3 £ ntrntsroce .

      Untitled Article

      gHKVFIEXP . —Tss Tttb Footdebs * Stbixk . — Tor some few ¦ weeks past , the Type Founders of Sheffield iave oeen on strike , in opposition to a rednetion of iheir wages x > f Trom 25 to 75 per rant . It is stated that the master Founders of Sheffield » ad IJondon are under » bond not to succumb to the just demands of the men . The latter , however , are determined ; and , having justice on their side , we - wirih them tnaVsaecess which labour always meute , * mi too often faSs in obtaining , in its struggles with Jaw-aided capital . The question of the strike has been brought before * he Associated Trades of Sheffield , and thai body has adopted a series of resolutions , which we snbjoin , appealing io the pnblie for in of

      ^ pecuniary assistance snpport the-TypeJounders . We tost the appeal will be ieartily responded to " . At a meeting of the delegates of the Tarious Trades in Sheffield , held at Mr . Mosley's , the London Apprentice * on Wednesday evening , September 13 ; h , 2848 , the following resolutions were unanimously passed?—, 1 . Thai this Committee , Tiewing with the utmost concern the situation of our brethren , the operative Type Founders , and deeply sympathizing with them in their arduous struggle against the unjust and op : pressiv « reduction of from 25 to 75 per centM feel w their duty strongly to recommend their case to the immediate consideration and assistance of their fellow-workmen of the various trades of Sheffield .

      2 . Tkat the Committee , considering the most ^ ffi ^ iftnt means of assisting our brethren , to be by loans and weeklj subscriptions , respectfully Bolicit the officers , and other influential individuals of the Tarious Trades , to co-operate with them in their efforts , to carry our brethren to the end of this struggle . 3 . That the persons composing this . Committee pledge themselves to unceasing exertion to assist the Operative Type Founders , until the dispute existing Wtween them , and their employers is bronght to a triumphant conclusion , N . B . —Any pecuniary assistance will be most thankfaUy received by the Committee , who sit daily at lie Three Cranes , Queen-street , from twelve to two in the afternoon , and from seven to nine in the evening , to rive all necessary information .

      Caklislx Cm asd District Joist Stock Bask . —On Saturday evening last , a Tumour was circulated to the effect , that Mr . John Brown , manager of the ** City Mid District Bank , " had absconded -with a very considerable sum belonging to the Bank . The greatest consternation and alarm prevailed during the whole of Sunday ; and early on Monday morning the following notice was issued : —

      u Carlisle City and District Bank ? u The Directors feel it to be their duty to inform the shareholders and the public , that their late manager , Mr . John Brown , has absconded himself from the Bank under circumstances which haw excited suspicion that he will not return . " The Directors have , in consequence , mad * a careful investigation of the books , cash , securities , and Touchers , and they have communicated with their London and other agents , and are happy to be

      able to state , that they have found everything -correct , with the single exception that Mr . Browa ' a own cash account has been overdrawn to the amount of £ 2 , 554 9 s . 3 d \ , which sum , however , is considerably within the amount of his securities in the possessession of the Directors . ** Thomas Mbunsey , Thomas Lonsdale , " William Sowerby , Junes Heysham , ** James Thompson , Robert Benson . ** City and District Bank , Sept .-18 th , 1843 . "

      The Directors and others interested in the safety f the Bank , being appprehensive thai- a run upon it would take place , held a meeting in the Townhall , when it was deemed advisable to wait on the shopkeepers and others likely to have their notes , to solicit them to agn & paper expressing confideac * in the stability of the Bank . Notwithstanding this , however , a considerable number of persons have drawn out their money .

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      ^ m EXTEKSITE FIRES . The put week has bees peculiarly and aost an / ortusafcely prolific in fire * , both in the provinces and in the metropolis , scarcely * day passing -without the occurrence of at least , two or three , some , however , of such Blight extent si not to deserve being publicly recorded . Saturday night , ths closing sight of the week , was marked by the moat » i » pxtf"g and destructive fire of all those thai have during the week spread consternation and des&Betioa io the metropolis , On Saturday night last , about 12 o ' clock , this latter fire wu discovered raging in the tar furnace forming part of the extensive premise * belonging to Mr . Samuel Burcbfield , rop * -manufecturer , is Penny ' s-rleHs , Poplar . The stomeat ths person vbo discovered it became aware of the fire , be rallied an alarm , and in the-course of a

      few minutes a strong party of the X division of police ¦ were on the spot , aad a number of constables immediately set to work to endeavour to extinguish the fire ; bat in that they were unsuccessful , fox , owing to the highly infamabla nature of the stock in trade , the fire spread witk amssing quickuesv Information was forwarded to the different engine stations of the metropolis of the calamity . With the slightest delay possible the parish engine was os the spot , and also the 8 chool-bou * e lane ( brigade ) « ngfr >« , and , "havingobtained a ready aad abundant supply of water , they were set to-work . It vu coon evident , however , from the increasing vigour and fury of the flames , that they would not yield to the power of two , sot of several engines . The fire still

      progressiBg , the brigade engines from JefFerys-sqoare , Watliag-street , Farcingdon-street , and Welldost-square station reached the scene , with Mr . Superintendent Snkhrood , the West of England e&gia * from the station in the Waterloo-road next arrived , with Mr . Connortoa , and the usual number of firemen . Tinder the direction of Mr . Braidwood , the greater portion of the fintrBiHifcd engine * -were got into active ' play , asd vast was the volume of water that was promptly poured upon and Into the bursiog premises . Their magnitnde was great , and their contents of the moatignifcable substance * , via , tar , temp , tow , flax , yam , & < v ^ is impossible to state -with precision the exast quantity of foods piled away in the premises .

      JFor some time after the engines were at-work , the fire seemed not to abate , it having , " in the interim , extended to another buSdiag on the premises , termed the oakum-bouse , from -which the flames next reached one of the yam . houses , asd ultimately they fired another -warehouse called the bemp-lelt ; all these buildings "were enveloped in fire , and with such amasing fierceness did the fire spread , as to menace with destruc tion the whole of the extensive and commodious ropewalk and hemp stores . Tie flajoes were now at their height , ' caused by the ge&eral ignition of the remaining moat inflaHiTnn&lB

      substances , and it'would be no exaggeration to say that a larger oz > ighfr mass of flame and fire has been rarely seen . . Some time elapsed before it was sorely ascertained that the ^ entire premises would not hsve fallen a prey to the devouring element To stop the further progress of ths eocflagration in one quarter , a number of firemen mounted the roofs of the premises , and cat away the communication , which expedient was happily crowned with success . The firemen finding ail efforts to save that part of the premises on fire , they exerted themselves with great bravery , and saved the spacious hemp stores , rope-walks , and cable sheds .

      Upwards of two hours elapsed before it was eridest ti » t the most fearful and destructive of all elements was sneenmbiBg beneath the efforts of the firemen and the power of the antagonist element they were copiously casting upon it ; shortly afterwards the conflagration commenced to cede and palpably diminish , -when the firemen considered their victory assured . It is scarcely necessary to add , that by this time the tar-furnace , one of the yarn warehouses , a hemp-loft , and the oakzunbouee , were a misshapen mass of burning rains . The total damage must amount to s large sum . Mr . Bnrchfield's loss , we understand , will be partly covered by an insurance in ths Guardian fire-office- The origin of the fire could not be traced . A strong mnsjer of police , under the direction of Mr . Superintendent Young , kept the immense crowd back , is order to afford room for the tffectaal working of the engines .

      Untitled Article

      rushing out ot the Tarious window * , and roaring like several large furnaces . As soon as water could be procured , the engines were set Into operation , and poured a vast volume of water upon the burning building , and also on those adjoining , which happily prevented the fire spreading . By a quarter-past nine o ' clock , little better than one hour after the outbreak , the place was almost burnt to the ground , and the adjoining premises were both very extensively injured by fire and water . The origin of both fires remains at present a mystery .

      Portrait Of W. P. Roberts, Esq.

      PORTRAIT OF W . P . ROBERTS , ESQ .

      The Northern Star. Saturday, September 23, 1843.

      THE NORTHERN STAR . SATURDAY , SEPTEMBER 23 , 1843 .

      Untitled Article

      THE MARCH OF MIND . From the moment that what is called " civilization" was introduced into the civilised portions of the world , the main object of all in authority has been , bo io discipline miad as to bring it within the prescribed limits ot authority . In former ages , kings and priests , rulers , governors , and taskmasters differed amosgst themselves as to which was due the greatest amount of tribnte . Art in those days had not so far triumphed over nature , as to suggest and recommend a combination of the ruling powers for the perfect subjugation of the ruled ; and the very disputes , discussions , and dissensions , which arose between the " Lords anointed" who claimed priority

      of grace , and Kings , whose power to rule was based upon "right divine , " led the mobt vulgar minds to serious consideration npon the subjects of Government . As ** civilization" progressed , however , kings and priests saw tbe necessity of such a combination as would insure to both an ascendancy which without union they could not long maintain . In the " darker" ages , while kings and priests held their subjects in subjection by the disseminttion ' of precepts and doctrines the most revolting and frightful , they were compelled nevertheless to furnish for their own order . knowledgeof avery different description ; knowledge , which while confined to their body , taught them the most systematic plan of governing those who bad been trained up la reverence of kingly and priestly

      sway . Misd , however , is a prying , searchiBg , seeing , and discriminating thing . It taw the difference between the preceptB written for the rulers and those written for the ruled ; the difference between the maxims by which they were severally governed in their dntieB respectively , the one to the other ; and as the two books were compared , the improving misd of man began to investigate and to think for it&elf . For a series of years the knowledge disseminated by priests was confined solely to the advance of king-craft and priestcraft ; but . as the

      hisd improved , the very knowledge , or rather tbe cunning , by which priestly dominion was established became a weapon in the hands of the many , and has been from time to time used as a means of destroying the very power which it was designed to nphold . In all ages the Church has been the precursor of reform ; not that the Chareh has disseminated knowledge with . tbe intention of destroying its own power , or of admitting the laity to a participation therein : but the very knowledge by which it hoped to maintain ascendancy has been used for the destruction of that power which its exclusive

      possession was designed to up hold ; and thus that whii , h was intended as a weapon to destroy liberty has been snatched from the assassin ' s hand and plunged into the assassin ' s breast . In no country has this march of " civilization" been more rapid ; in no land has its effects been more deadly , than in this empire , where the combination , the conspiracy between Church and State is moBt perfect . The W 5 D , even in defiance of the united p ower of kingcraft and priestcrfc , dares sot only to canvas the royal and aristocratic bastard ' s title to * ' Grace" ; to inquire into the fitness of ministerial

      panders , debauchees , and gamblers to ex ' end the blessings and circulate the divine truths of religion ; but it even dares to inquire as to the title by which m » narchB reign over their people 1 The searching jii * D can no longer be led to make striking distinctions , recognized by the law , between the Rich Oppressor and the Poor Oppressed . It reflects upon the esteem in which the Almighty holds poverty , and his contempt for riches : and thus recogrizss a striking difference between those attributes held in veneration by the Creator , and in contempt by those who would base their title to rule upon " right divine . "

      We do not mean this commentary as reflection upon the State Church merely , although it would best apply to its present position . It has reference as well te those Dissenting bodies who merely denounce the ascendancy of the State Church from pique and jealousy , rather thaa from a feeling of religions independence . Let thelowcBt order of Dissenters be placed to-morrow in a situation to contend for ascendancy with the State Chareh ; and with the sword in one hand and tithe in the other , they would either oroclaim their BBperiority , or die as martyrs

      in the religious struggle . Hitherto the u&ion between Church and State , supported by the thunder from the pulpit and the roar from the cannon , has tended to the strength of both ; bat sow one must give way • either ike poor State must make up its deficiency from the parings of the rich Church , or the Church must proclaim a religious war againBt the State—a war which would annihilate all standing obligations—a war T ^ bich wonld destroy all existing interests—a war whose triumph would be the establishment of Church faith over national faith .

      In every political move , whether foreign or domestic , tbe interest of the Church is the primary consideration with tbe Ministers of S > ate . Majesty , when entering uponth * duties of office , is bound to uphold the religion of the State aB by lawjestablished —is the head ef she Church—the Executive of tbe Church ; and the Church must be the Monarch ' s first consideration , else will the Monarch cease to reign in the hearts of Churchmen . Now , it is into ibex deep recesses—thsse mysterious cav « rns—these

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      dark abodes in whioh Kings and priests hold counsel , thai the improved kind of tbe present day dares to look ; and having seen what is to be discovered there , it asks whether the edicts emanating therefrom tend " to the glory of God , and to the good of his people" ? We do not ourselves dare to answer the question ; but in those countries where the effects have been most deeply felt , a combination of minds appears to have taken it into serious consideration . Ireland has come to the conclusion that a State religion , enforced at the point of the bayonet , and demanding human blood as a sacrifice in honour of the State Church , is foreign to the Church established on the mild principles of Christianity ; while her priests have not lost sight of the fact "that the

      title of an English Monarch to govern Ireland is based upon the condition that the Catholic religion shall be extended in that country . " Indeed , as Ireland is preparing herself in a most laudable manner to assert a portion of her rights , it may not be amiss to Btate here the conditions upon which that country was granted as an appendage to the English Crown . It bears date aB early as . 1156 , in the reign of Hekry II . and runs thus : — M Adrian , bishop , servant of the servants of God , to his dearest son in ChriBt , the ill . astrious Kine of England , greeting , our apoatolio benediction . Full , laudably and profitably hath yorj- magnificence conceived the design of propagating your glorious

      renown : on earth , and compieting your reward of eternal happiness in heaven ; while as a Catholic prince , you are intent on enlarging the borders of the Church , teaching the truth of the Christian faith to the ignorant and rude , exterminating the roots and vice from the field of the Lord ; and for the more convenient execution of this purpose requiring the counsel and favour of the apostolic see ; in which the maturer your deliberations , and the greater the discretion of your procedure by so much the happier , we trust , will be your progress , with the assistance of the Lord ; as all things are used to become to a prosperous end and issue which take their beginning from the ardour of faith and tbe love of religion .

      ** There is indeed no doubt but that Ireland , and all the Islands on which Christ , the Sun of Righteousness , hath shone , and which have received the doctrines ef the Christian faith , do belong to the jurisdiction of St . Peter , and of the holy Roman Church , as your Excellency also doth acknowledge ; and therefore we are the more solicitous to propagate the righteous plantation of faith in this land , and the branch acceptable to God , as we have the secret conviction of conscience that this is more especially our bounden duty .

      " You , then , most dear eon in Christ , have signified to us your desire to enter into tbe Island of Ireland , in order to reduce the people to obedienoe unto laws , and to extirpate the plants of vice , and that you are willing to pay from each house a yearly pension of one penny to St . Peter , and that you will , preserve the rights ef the churches of this land , whole and inviolate . We , therefore , with that grace and acceptance suited io your pious and laudable design , and favourably assenting to your petition , do bold it good and acceptable , that , for extending the borders of the church , restraining the

      progress of- vice , for the correction of manners , the planting of virtue , and the increase of religion , you enter this Island , and execute therein whatever shall pertain io the honour of God , and the welfare of the land ; and that the people of this land , receive you honourably , and reverence you as their lord , the rights of their churches Will remaining sacred and inviolate , and saving to Peter the annual pension of one penny from every house . , " If , then , you be resolved to carry the design you have conceived into effectual execution , study to form this nation to virtuous manners , and labour by yourself and others , tehom you shall judge meet for

      this work , in faith , word , and life , thai the church mat / be there adorned , that the religion of the Christian faith maybe planted and grow up , and that all things pertaining to the honour of God , and the smlvalion of souls , be so ordered , that you may be entitled to the fulness of eternal reward from God , and obtain a glorious renown on earth throughout all ages . " Now such is one of the titles of the monarch * of England to Ireland , and whether or no subsequent invasions of that country have nullified the conditions upon which the ' above title was granted , is for the Irish kind to discover . Whether the successor of thesecond Henbt , Habbt theVIIIth , had , in 1542 , derived any better title after the Reformation , upon condition that he would hold sovereignty based upon

      the promise to destroy the Pope ' s supremacy we cannot say ; but we give the following clause from Da vies , an English lawyer and hired historian . He says : — " In the indenture of submission all the Irish lords do acknowledge King Honry the Eighth to be their Sovereign Lord and King , and desire to be accepted of him as subjects ; they confess the King ' s supremacy in mil causes , and do utterly renounce tjhe Pope ' s jurisdiction "

      That the Irish people were not parties to either of the above bargains of sale , is matter susoeptible of easy proof . From 1156 the continuous wars upon the English Bettlers , prove that the Irish people were not satisfied with the transfer by Adrian the IV ; while the fact of the whole nation , or nearly so , still adhering to the Catholic creed proves that that they were no parties to the indenture of submission , or to Haeht the Eighth's title to the Kingdom of Ireland .

      Indeed the frequent demands upon the English cabinet , during every successive reign , even down to the present "civilized" hour , establishes the fact that the IriBh people have never yet been parties to the abandonment of their religion , or to the sale of their coumtry . And to a consideration of these questions the sober mind of Ireland will now be so directed under the judicious management of her leaders , as to prove the utter hopelessness of a " physical " triumph , over her mental powers aad moral force .

      To that country and Spain the world now looks for a practical illustration of the march of mind ; while we have every reason to hope that that of Britain will not lag in the race .

      Untitled Article

      THE HOLY ALLIANCE OF THE PEOPLE . While Monarchs and Potentates , trembling for the safety of their thrones , or bent on promoting schemes of further aggrandisement , are travelling post-haste from Paris to Normandy , and from London to the Chateau cC Eu ; and again from the icy seat of Muscovite Autooracy to the hardly more genial atmosphere of Prussian despotism , —to which , by-the-bye , Victobia is invited by the royal Prussian drill-sergeant , there tomeet himself and the great

      Northern Bear ; while these movements of crowned heads and " illustrious" personages , plainly betoken the renewed " alliance of kings" to oppose the further " encroachments of the demooratio principle" ; i& it not time , we ask , that the loBg-trampledupon people were uniting with each other for the purpose of protecting themselves from a repetition of the crimes and oppressions which " legitimacy ' s has before-time committed and inflicted upon them f

      We have no desire to figure as " alarmists "; but when we look at > he Bteady progress of Republican pzincipleB in France ; the awfully distracted state of Spain ; the political troubles in Italy ; the arrests of the Communists in Austria , sad other countries ; the nnder-current of revolution throughost Germany ; and the rebellious disposition of even Russian aristocrats , ever and anon bursting forth in exploded conspiracies and military emuiet ; when we look at our home ro&moK , particularly in Ireland and Wales , —where in the one

      country the nominal government is morally superseded , and in the other an insurrection against rents , rates , tithes , and tolls , is setting at defiance the "constituted authorities" of the land : when we look to these things , we can understand the palpitating of hearts in the breasts of kings and ministers , prompting H royal visits "; and which visits we doubt not , are but the " precursors" to that " Congress of Monarchs" which we firmly believe Europe will shortly see assembled for the purpose of opposing an organized ( and we trust last ) resistance to t ! ie onward march of human

      progression . There is a popular motto , " when bad men combine , good men should unite . " Surely the time is come , when , in tbe expressive language of one of the chiefs of Chartism : " with the enemy before ub , we should measure our own length and depth , and know our own strength "; when each and ail should give in their adherence to the naxtn : " be who ia for us is with uk , * and he who is sot with as is against us . "

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      From the heading of this article sor ^ y . pose that we are about to advocate Bome Utopian scheme , some w foreign policy r AOye » of w \ t \ 0 R Frenchmen , Spaniards , Italian ^ & 0 >> witn the pe 0 pie ofthis country in some pr opjganda of Earopean liberalism . Nothing of t \ t 0 Bort . Though yielding to noae in our aspiration- ,, for j ^ f r 6 edom and happiness of all mankind , > 0 are content for the present to take for a mottc , « England for the English , "

      « Ireland for the . Irish , " and " France for the French . " WhP . a wishing success to all nations in their struggles , with the «• powers of darkness" for the establi shment of democrats institutions , the experienc e of the past has warned us that any interference . t > n 0 OT part with them , or on their part with bs , w . ouid be worse than useless ; and tend rather to the . rivettihg than the loosening of the fetters of Kamanity .

      We look at homb ; and to our own countrymen we appeal to band together for mutual protection , and the working out of their politioal redemption . Would that we could summon to this " holy alliance" the long-oppressed yet , ever gallant , people of Ireland ! But , alas ! selfish falsehood has there done its work , and estranged from the oppressed of this the oppressed of that land ! Within the last few days has appeared an Address from the National Repeal Association , in reply to the Queen ' s Speech "; it embraces and is filled with the Belf-same topics which have repeatedly appeared in our columns , in similar documents . But there is one paragraph to whioh we request the attention of our readers . The address says : —

      " We expect nothing from England or Englishmenfrom Scotland or Scotchmen . In each of those countries the benevolent tew are overpowered by the international antipathy to Ireland and the virulent bigotry against the Catholic religion of the overwhelming majority of both EaglAud and Scotland . " Against this we enter our solemn protest . It is falsehood and calumny , every word ! Throughout the Repeal agitation , Mr . O'Connell has unceasingly laboured to promote disunion and hatred betwejn the two nations ; and in the furtherance of this object , has , upon almost every occasion on on which he has opened his mouth , showered down

      his vituperation upon the English and Scottish Chartists . We have refrained from noticing his hacknied abuse ; anxious , as we have been from the first moment we thought him in earnest , to offer him no obstacle , nor afford him the shadow of excuse for his charges against the people of this country . But now that , advancing beyond lip-abuse , we have ia print this deliberate denunciation of the people of England and Scotland , with the emphatic finish of—¦ ' Such are the words wo address to our fellow subjeots all over the globe , " we think it a duty demanded of us , by the position we fill , to denounce , in the strongest language , this wholesale libelling of our fellow-countrymen .

      We pass by the atrocious falsehood respecting the Tara mooting , content to leave Mr . O'Connell in the handq of the M Whistler . " Nor will we waste space in traversing the ground so often trod before , in refutation of these calumnies . We are content to leave the matter with the working classes of England and Scotland , who can rightly understand and duly appreciate , them . Did O'Connell really desire to establish the freedom of his own countrymen , and promote that of his "fellow-subjects all over the globe , " he would pen very different sentiments to the above .

      It will be no fault of O'Connkll ' s , if , when the " league of kings" is perfected , the people of these Islands shall be powerless , because disunited . He is doing bis best to effect that object , and on his head be the responsibility . With more pleasurable feelings and brighter hopes , we turn to the working classes of England Wales , and Scotland ; believing , as we do , that no difference of creed can prevent their union for tbe attainment of that whioh would be a common good to all .

      We have asked is it not time that the people united with each other for their mutual protection But what protection ? That which results from , and can only be obtained by , the making of the legislative power the reflex of the popular will ; or in other words by making the Charter , law . In the present aspect of European policy , it is indeed a matter of proud satisfaction to us , that the conductors of this paper have uniformly and succesBfuly laboured to keep the movement party of this country stedfast to its political faith as defined in tbe

      Charter . The state of Spain at the present moment affords a painful UiuatratioB of the miserable state Of a people emerging from the political darkness of ancient creeds and codes , yet wanting a beaconlight to guide them in the path of veritable liberty . For years now h * s that fair land been rendered desolate by the ravages of war , and its children employed as the assassins of one another . And for what 1 To gratify the lust of power of a worthless Prince or Queen Regent ; to forward the ambitious desigQ 8 0 f military scoundrels , or the grasping

      selfishness of money-gorged capitalists , and would be aristocratic profitmongers ! And in all their wars , battles and bombardments ; iu all their contests for Caelos and Isabella ; Chbistina or Espabtebo ; for Ministers or Juntas ; the poor working , fighting , ever-suffering people have been used as mere " explosive masses " , first to subserve the interests of one faction , then of another ; and at the termination of each contest have found themselves every way more powerless than at the commencement . How is it that so much of blood has Sowed for liberty in Spain

      —yet flowed in vain ! Because ( he people have had no definpo object in their struggles ! They have cried " Viva Isabella , " or " Viva the Constitution '; the former a miserable child , only now thirteen years old , who is forsooth to be declared of age and married forthwith , to this or that royal scion , as tbe interests or caprices of kings and ministers may dictate ; and the latter , a " constitution" which gave to them no righls t conferred on them no privileges ¦ ' At this very time the people of Catalonia are

      Buffering death by wholesale assassination at the hands of the very miscreants whom they have raised to power ! How different would have been the tale to nave been told , if " measures , not men" had been the object of their former struggles ! If the democratic principles of the English working-man ' s Chaster rather than the exclusive privileges of their so-called " constitution ; ifiheir own Sovereignty , rather than that of Mrs . Munoz , or Don Carlos ; of Espartero or Narvaez , had been the end and aim of their countless and heroio sacrifiof s !!

      It was a day pregnant with happiness to generations yet- unborn , when the working classes of this country pledged themselves to support no other agitation but that for the Chaeteb !—a resolution hitherto firmly maintained , and whioh all the artifices and persecutions of the enemies of democracy have failed in shaking or annulling . Yes ! despite of persecution oft renewed , and corruption tried in every variety of form , we have maintained our ground ; nay , we have yearly , weekly , daily , increased our strength , and added to the number of adherents to our principles .

      What is now wanted is , the gathering up of our forces ; the binding together in a legal , and therefore safe ; au efficient , and therefore workable , Organization of the millions , imbued with our principles , and thirsting for their recognition ; the faithful people , whom neither poverty , persecution , nor corruption have been able to sever from our rankB , or detach from our standard . Thb means vob this exi . ^ t , and are at our command . They are contained in the New Plan ef Organization , adopted bv the Conference .

      We trust that wherever the banner of the Charter is unfurled , —and where is it not ?—that there the gallant spirits , v * ho "through good and evil report" have stood by the popular cause , will bo up and stirring , preparing to take the necessary steps for the Organization of the democratic troops , and tbe veritable realization of the " Holy Alliance of the People . "

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      On Monday morning week , a fatal fire occurred at tae union workhouse , Talmouth . It if pears that about eleven o'clock in the Horning , the Inmates were greatly alarmed at observing a body of smoke issuing from one

      of the upper windows of the building , which was soon ascertained by tbe muter to proceed from a room that was occupied by a woman of the name of Mary Perry . On going to tbe ap&rtmnt they found it impossible to enter on account of the heat and smoke . However , by dint of great exertion toe fire was extinguished , when tbe body of the unfortunate woman was discovered almost burnt to a cinder . It is supposed that the ' fire originated by her clothes igniting , and that she fell on a bed in ths appartmeut and set the place in flames . Au inquest has been held on the body , and a verdict of " Accidental death" returned . At East Peckham , on Tuesday last , at about twelve o'clock in the forenoon .

      three houses , the property of Yitcount Torrington , tenanted by poor labouring families , were consumed by fire . Hia Lordship was present shortly after the commencement of the fire , and took aa active part in aiding to extinguish it . None of tke parties are insured . Daring the present week fires have also happened near Northirn Sorrows ^ in Devomhire : at Buton , near Tiverton ; at Shelsley , in Worcestershire ; at West Bere . neai Canterbury ; and at Bvrnetby , in Lincoln * shire , at each of which much lost of property took place , chiefly in the destruction of fara-booses , barns , wheat stacks , asd cnt-buildingi ; aad in more tnsn one instance , we regret to say , these conflagrations &r » supposed to be the work of an incendiary .

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      * * r-t s * - ^* - * ' *^ - * - ¦*¦ - *¦ ^\^»^^ BBBBB S ^™*^ - ^ "" r" *^> * ' * ' ^^"'^ <^*^ THE "COAL KINGS" AND THE LAW . Last week we called public attention , and the attention of Sir James Guaham , the Home Secretary of State , to the fact that in the Coal Worfes belonging to the Duke of Hamilton , —the law lately passed for the protection of Colliers , and for the prohibition of the employment of female labour in Mining operations , is daily and openly violated—set

      at defiance t This week we have to report moTe of such violations ; and to again call on the Home Secretary to take steps to teach the high and privileged" ones that they are not yet " above the law . " At the Duke of Hamilton ' s colliery works at Redding , upwards of sixtt females are conslanllg employed ! At the colliery works belonging totho Carron Iron Company , at Carron Hall , upwards of one hundred females are constantly employed !! Here is a pretty state of things 1 DukeB and " Iron Companies" are to be allowed to trample on all i . aw and adthohitt ! And will Sir James Graham permit it ! Will he not move ? Will he allow the Duke of Hamilton and the Carron Iroa

      Company to set the Legislature and the Executive at defiance ? Will he not assert the " majesty of the law" \ If he do not , let him beware how he again tries . to wreak its " vengeance" upon the devoted Chartists ! Let him not shroud himself up in the garb of tn » difference , alleging that "it is none of his business "; that the proper course" is for the aggrieved to apply to the magistrates of their districts , "who are empowered , and required , to execute the law . This

      plea will not avail . MAGISTRATES HAVE REFUSED T O INTERFERE ! Informations have been laid before them , and before the Fiscal of Falkirk ; and tet thet will take so swps to vindicate the law . " Is it not time that Sir Jaues Giuham was nudging , them I Is it not time he interfered I Is it not time that both the Duke of Hamilton , the members of the Carron Iron Company , and the magistrates , were all called to account !

      Our information is derived from a source on which we can depend . It is from a person for whose veracity we can vouch . We give here his communication ; and crave attention to it . The / act , about the killing cf thb woman at the Duke of Hamilton ' s pit at Redding , is all-important ! To it we specially beg to refer Sir James Graham : — Carron Hall . —Messrs . Daniells and Hammond visited this place on Tuesday last ; but such is the tyranny of the Coal Kings , that the Colliers were frightened to hold a meeting ! These collieries belong to the great Carron Iron Company , and the

      men are in the lowest state of vassalage . They are all under a most infamous bond , which ia renewed every year ; and tbe Company bearing that Messrs . Hammond and Daniells . were addressing the different works in Stirlingshire , were in such a hurry to get their slaves bound , that they offered to many £ 5 as compensation for their liberty ; this money however they are to pay back with five shillings interest J Tne Carron Iron Company , like the Duke of Hamilton , are setting the law at defiance . They are employing women in their coal pits . It is computed that they have not less than

      100 women or females working in their pits . The Duke of Hamilton has upwards of sixty in his pits at Redding ; but it will be seen that the Carron Company beat the Duke , they having ( at least ) one hundred females working in their pits !! How long is this to continue i how long are the Duke of Hamilton , the Carron Iron Company , and a many others in the Holytown , Atrdrie , and Coatbridgedistricts to set the law at defiance ? Will Sir James Graham take the matter up ? because the magistrates will not ! Informations have been laid against the above parties before the magistrates , and the

      Fiscal of Falkirk ; and yet they will take no steps to vindicate the law ! It may be said that surely the Duke does not know of these practices being carried oaathis works at Redding ; or be would instantly put a stop to them . In answer to this I beg to state that the Duke has been lately married to an Italian lady , and that he was personally round the works at Redding about a fortnight since , aud left money for the hands to drink ( he health ot himself and lady ! Not know of it !—he is perfectly well acquainted with it ; indeed the thing is quite notorious . Why

      it is only a few wesks ago since a woman was killed in one of his piis at Redding ! and though the newspaper prefe in the neighbourhood were informed of the circumstance , yet not a line did they insert in their papers concerning it . Thiswomsa was newly married , and was ¦ some months gsne with child J She had been working » night with her husband , and at breafcfasttime in the morning was coming up the pit with mm in a hutch together , when the empty hutch m «

      them , the engine going at an extra qsick pace . Tne empty hutch , or tub , struck the woman on the head ' s knocked her out , and she was precipitated to U > £ bottom , twenty-two fathoms , and of coarse dasbea to pieces ! The husband was Baved unhurt ; lu * name is William Hure . The woman was twen * 5 years of age . This accident took place on the 1 »* day of last July , and would have remained still secre * had not your correspondent dragged it to light , u necessary , I can obtain scores of men to attest tw truth of the foregoing .

      Will notf some notice be taken of this I Will n < H some enquiry be instituted ! Will not the la * be vindicated ? Will not Sir Jamis Graham set to it ! His Grace , the Duke of Hamilton and Bsiwo ^ is Lord Leiutenant of the county ; is head of the M ' gislracy-r \ s REPHESENTArivE of the Qdeen in Hi * County . Pretty fellow , ibis , to be head of »• . Magistracy , to enforce the laws , when h « liws ll daily violation of them , and pockets the wealth pro * ducsd by such violation J Pretty fellow ibis , for » Lord Lefuteaant ! He ought , most certainly ; Hfe of all men , ought to be the Queen ' s representaiW '

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      } IRELAND . REFUSAL TO PAY RENTS , RATES , TITHES , ) AND TAXES . Wb beg to direct the attention of the reader to a report of the proceedings at the Cora-Exchange , upon the proposition of Mr . Connor to issue a manifesto against the payment of rents , rates , tithes , and taxes . 'While there is some freshness ia a new man venturing to propose anything new upon his own responsibility in the Irish Repeal assembly , there is also something cheering ia the manner in which the old hands canva 3 the legality of their proceedings . This spree of novelty introduced by Mr .

      Connor will no doubt have a very pernicious effect upon the Repeal movement ; aad was very judiciously crushed in the outset by those who would have to bear the penalty of his folly . The resistance to the ] payment of rents has already gone to considerable lengths , as is evidenced by the accounts in another part of this sheet ; and it would have progressed perhaps as rapidly without the interference of Mr . Connor ; while the press reporters and newspaper writers will not fail , in a short time , to attribute the resistance to a motion made , in the Corn-Exchange , "thb ultimatb disposal OF WHICH THEY DO NOT , AT PRESENT , BEAR IN MIND . " !

      To these facts we direoted the attention of Mr . O'Connell gome months back . We cautioned him that however temperate , judicious , aud legal his acts may be , yet would it be impossible for him to separate himself from the commission of those acts performed by others ia furtherance of the general objeiot . If Mr . O'Connell , as a lawyer , has discovered that the tenants of English companies , being Orangemen and Presbyterians , have a better claim to the lands held by them , than those who received them as grants from the hands of an English Government , it will require no little legal ingenuity to convince the Catholic tenantry of Ireland , that their title to the fee of their f arms rests upon any inferior pretension .

      "Like case , like rule , is a maxim that lawyers are fond of quoting ; and we can well recollect that when Mr . Lovett proposed a resolution in the Convention of 1139 , precisely Bimilar to that proposed by Mr . Connor to the Repeal Association in 1843 ; and after Mr . O'CoxxoR had opposed the resolution , and after it was rejected by a majority of the Convention , —certainly not in the same unceremonious manner in which the resolution of Mr . Connor was smothered in the Repeal Association , — yet in convenient time Mr . O'Connell had a recollection that " such a resolution ; " " such an illegal

      resolution " j" such a monstrous resolution ; " such an attempt at the robbery of individuals , " M was proposed in ) Mr . O'Connor ' s Convention . " Nor surely has Mr . O'Connell forgotten that in the times ! to which we refer , we pointed out to him the folly of strengthening the hands of the Attorney-General , by directing the attention of that functionary to what he called the illegal acts and transportable offences of the English Chartists . His troubles , are now crowding upon him . ' and , while embarked with millions , be will find that , with all his ingenuity , he cannot separate bis individual acts from those of his more enthusiastic followers .

      Again we caution him against the supposition that the present Ministerial preparations will be wasted upon the mere suppression of the passing ebullition . No . They have been too expensive 1 they have gone too far j When the " estimates" are brought before " the House , " proof of service and necessity will be required ; and it will not do to say that , like the King of France ' s men" They marched up tbe hill ,

      And then marched down again . " Sir Robert ; will not suffer himself to be twitted in the Commons , or the Duke in the Lords , with the charge that they have but extinguished the match , without scattering the pile . The present Ministerial operations aro intended to furnish au example for the future ; and not as a mere prevention of the present ! danger . The Irish people will recognise ia Repeal as they ought' to do

      , a separation of the Church from the State ; a lowering of rents ; the extinction of tithes ; a ** fixity of tienure" ; and " a fair day's wage for a fair day ' s work" : and neither Mr . O'Connell , nor yet all ( hat iii . fi uence by which he has hitherto been sustained , will satisfy the people with anything short of such ohangea . Nor ought he to , expect it ; inasmuch as they are the benefits whioh he has been

      in the habit of holding oat as those sure to now from a Repeal of the Union . The Irish may cheer ; and England may call their cheers senseless , from an impression that the Irish people do not understand all that Mr . O'Connell says : but if they did not understand a single word mere of his orations than that " Ireland should be for the Irish " , Io that they will attach the practical meaning ; and for % k fulfilment will they contend .

      Mr . Connor was not far wrong when he expatiated upon the return that the people were now beginning to lexpect for the bestowal of their hardearned pence ; and the more freely they give them the stronger will they consider their claim for something in return . The mere sitting of a Parliament in College Green would not realiza that claim . Under the present system of election , the House would consist ! of landlords , ohurch-lords , and moneylords : and if the first expectation from such aa assembly was not realised , the wrath and vengeance of

      the Irish people would be great . Wo wuuld , therefore recommend to Mr . O'Connfll the strictest self-examination . We would implore of him to view the question as a whole , and to see , how it can be most safely and securely advanced without danger to himself , or to the cause of which be is the acknowledged leader . He must bear in miud that even in the event of the Union being Repealed , he would be answerable for tho better Government of

      the country under the new system . Ho must recolleot that in 1836 he caricatured the English Peers as " bloated buffoons , " and " old women in pantaloons ; " and that he assured the English people that a thorough Reform required the destruction of hereditary legislation . Ha must be cautious , therefore , how he ! leaves it in the power of the Irish people to compare his support of hereditary legislators for Ireland in 1843 with his denunciation of the Bame order in 1836 .

      The feelers and invitations held out by the Whig press , \ to induce Mr O'Connell to make the Repeal agitation subservient to what they call " practical" and " real" Reforms , U indicative of a strong impression upon their minds that Mr . O'Connell , if inclined , could now work the Repeal agitation to Whig purposes . Those who build their hopes upon siioh an assumption are but indifferent observers of passing events * They mast know that none , save a Tory Minister , would have strength 1 enough to stand with the House of Commons , constituted as it | is ; while they must also have discovered that the ardour of this Repeal agitation has

      wholly diverted the public mind from the Registration Courts ^ to which aforetim e Mr . O'Connell attached paramount importance . Ho . has now learned that Jin almost every instance the liberal constituencies ] have lost ground in Ireland ; and that the result of a general election would be a manifest weakening of his Parliamentary power . To us this is rather matter of joy than of sorrow ; inasmuoh as we have long been of opinion that from Parliament no hope could be entertained ; aad that of all contaminating influences , of all jobbing factions , of all reckless and unprincipled sections in " the House , " what is called the" Irish liberal * ' section outstrips , aud out-Herods , and oat-does them

      While Irish ; agitation is thus progressing , aad whilst symptoms of out-door dissatisfaction are thus dribbled out , aa ia the case of Mr , Connor , it is consolatory to find the English Chartists Re-Organizing and re-embodying their forces for the advancement of those principles upon which , and upon whioh alone , the Repeal of tbe Ueionj or any other change can be safely or securely established .

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      — : * ^ = ^ - WHO IS THE TIMES'S CORRESPONDENT IN WALES 1 Tins is a question often asked , though we har « yet seoQ no one attempt to answer it . We will tryit is right that the Chartfets of Wales should know who it is that they have amongst them , with a power and a disposition ( a 3 evidenced by hia several sly thrusts ) to do them damage : and it 13 also right that the fabmebs of Wales should know something of the nun they admit to their secret conferences , to act as a &rr over their move , ments .

      Who is he , then ! What is his name f Where is he best known 1 Has he a character where ht is well known , that will stand the test- of examination ? A " political" character we mean ; for in these dayB of lax morality a man is allowed to be a political rogue without its being any detriment to his private standing . How does the correspondent of the Times in Wales , stand in these respects ! for upon a satisfactory solution of some of these queries will depend his title to the confidence of the Welsh people , speaking in a M political" sense : for it w as a politician , and as the servant of "political trackers" that we wish to speak of him .

      His name , then , is Gombb Powsll . He was once a flaming Radical ; and figured most conspicuously in the British Political Uuion . He is now a renegade from his former principles . His character ( " political ") is well known at Bristol . The Welch Chartists and the Welch Farmers may hear much of him , if they send to Bristol , and inquire . We refer them to his old associates ia the Political Union , which used to meet ia St . Augustine ' s Place . From them they will hear much ; but not much to the credit (" politically speakiog ") of Gomer Powell . They will bear something about a ( " political ") printing press , and some printing type .

      They will hear that these had been bought by the hard-earned pence of the working people ; and that they were induced to place the control of them , for " political" reasons , in the hands of Gomer Powell . They will hear , also , that Gomer used them in bringing out a paper directly opposed to his own professed principles , and the principles of the men who had bought the printing materials . They will learn of the trouble that the working mea had to get the " things" back again ; and they will hear of the state in which those " things' * were , whea possession of them was at last obtained . Above all , they will hear what Gomsr Powell did with th » type— (" politically , " of course !) .

      1 ir % And this renegade is now employed on the Tory Times !! And suoh 19 the man sent into the Welch mountains to worm out the secrets ot th « Welch Farmers !

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      On Sunday night , shortly after seven o ' clock , a Ere of » very alarming natare was discovered on tbe spaciotu premises belonging to Messrs . Xiiiind , situated in "Wentworth-rtreet , WMtechapel , and termed the City Saw-mills . The precise spot in trhich tbe fire originated could mot ke ascertained , but wien tbe fLuces -were firstdlscoTered , they-were raging amonsst a large pile or ember , and also in the roof of tbe engine-house . As soon u the alarm had been spread , a BtroDg muster of iwUce-omstables -were en the root , -with Mr . Superintendent Pierce , and were of great service in kteping the great cononase of spectators out-of the reach of danger Islamauon of ttu , outbreak havios , without a moment ' s Iob of tiae beiag despatched to the-rsrlons fire-engine stoUons m tha metropolis , in an almost incredibly short ^^ it ^ P * J aaet ? ****** engines were on the spofc witb Mr . Saperfntendent Biaidwood and strrag ^ . ^ . ^ fe west of England and Count ? 5 ? 5 ? f M ^« - Connortou * nd c « Ur , were both Tequick ia tea

      ry ^ riTfeg . By the ^ Se ^ g could z ^ aa'Bsras&sa « mWn * d sone thoaaods loads of timber ? and vrhow premiMt were only aeparated from those on fire bV » mttow court By dint of are * exertion on ths part of the firemen , they were enabled to prevent the lurtber extension of tbe Use , sad ia aboat one bout sf ter the outbreak it w * s pretty dear the firemen had ttie complete mattery of it ; when all of * jadden , a cry -was raised that another large fire had"broken out in the premise * of ilt 2 f . D . Wood , ioy-waw&ousflnxan , e » - ying on & large trade at It , Whitechapel-road , immediately facing the church . As many of the brigade eaginet * s eoald be spaed were Instantly dzMghted to tbe latter banding , together with the County sod West « f Bagltad engines , and tin the parish one . On the

      arrival ol the firemen , a truly ssblina , yet awful tight pretested itself ; the entire building being 00 fire from J £# bMHseoi to fee roof j # w fl «» i st fts to ' su w *?»

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      a THE NORTHERN STAR . ^_____

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Sept. 23, 1843, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct669/page/4/