Current:

Northern Star (1837-1852), 6th May 1843, Edition 3 of 5, Page 7, Untitled Article

Page 7
Page 7
7 of 8

On this page

  • Text (9)
  • Transcript

    • Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.

      Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.

      Untitled Article

      EMIGBATION ^ HERE TO , AND HOW 70 PROCEED . ., . I 0 rB THBOrGH > ? OBTIO > - OP CAXADA , JO ? 0 n CKTEXil OF TH * STAT&S O ? KOKTH J' ° , " PABTIcrM BLT THK STATES OF t ;« ACHrSK TT 3 , B 40 DB ISLAND , SEW 10 KK , ^ S TLTASU , OHI ° - MICHIGAN , ILLINOIS , ! % ca * SlX , A » ' 5 BW JERSET ' * - > -DKKlAKEU | l g A TIE * 0 ? ASCKaTAIM : « G THB DBtiBlLUT

      rrvrRXAl . —DESCRIPTION OF THE SHAKER Ift& r * TILLAGES . ift * pennies * ° m * remarki respecting New York ^ jS-iSicmt P * " ^ J « " » n « ed my luggage , and pre-* LT to accompany my friends Charles Earnshaw and ?^ t Anderson to Albany . * tfTi »] 8 d about two p-m ., and very soon discovered aror in £ oiB S ty tie rase ! we were in . It was a * £ , tsf boa ^ with two lnegage boats attached JlLio , requiring twenty-four hoars for the passage , T nTtfce quiet boats accomplished the journey in ten Thrive boura To mend the matter , I had scarcely JL on board before I became so unwell as to be com-Stf » retire to bed . ^ f £ i , sKSDAT , l « tb- —My illness increaBed during ifae Bight , and it was soon evident that it was a most T jjaiittMi ol Use cholera . Towards morning I

      be-Ijjf jo feeble as to w asawe able to mount the stun S on the cabin to the deck ; the cramp ahifted from das to place , nntil at length it became so fixed in my uftW at to incapacitate me £ r « m moving abcnt , in ajuKjaeoee of the extreme pain it occasioned . I had jgseed out of bed upon the floor , on first feeling the ^ was fixed spon a cane-bottomed seat as gntj M if I &ad been laid beneath a ton weight , with y » fset cs the floor ; after about tea minute ** robbing , ] obtained a partial relief , and , by the aid of Charles , Biased to cross the floor . I was certainly alarmed * bm the camp seised my intestines , and when I was sided * ith iBternal pain . Though it was excessively brt . yet 1 bad to remain in bed during a great part of

      tbtfrr We reached Albany in the evening . TKfiSDxT 11 th , —I started by railwayjthis morning , fer tte shaker Tillage , New Lebanon . The railway j-gods t very * teep inclined plane , such as there are not jforiBia , udeas stationary engines and ropes are used the » seent aod descent . Here there were two loceme-2 „ alone * , l » t tbey irsre inaQ < e 91 l * te for the task c oWra , i crowd of men came to our aid , and after a ZMga tad hard struggle , the train attained the summit ^ A jhili , from wnifi 0 » e bad a most imposing view of ? L Hndan and the surrounding country , as also of * a « Bj eity . We soongot to Hancock , a Shaker Village . down at Lebanon

      1 ejected to have been set New , but I w \^ milt * off , and bad no conveyance for my ( lame ) sdfssr tor my luggage ; therefore , after viewing this r ^ Htat Tillage , and confessing with some of the y&rtx , who were Tery kind , I saw no means of travel-5 k but to walk ; so haTing left my luggage in care of tin brediraa , I proceeded on my way . With much fifieafty , occasioned by my lameness , I reached New jabeaott , another Shaker Establishment , where I met yjtb ay old friend Diaiel Fraser , who waa at the » fmflyhfwae * He was very glad to see me . He shook ae by the band , asd actually kissed me in the exuber-Boe of his joy . He took me to the apartments for the neep&m of strac ^ eri and visitors , and brought me washed

      v&ter with which I myself while dinner wa 8 prepariBf ; but before I wai quite ready , a bell BBOiineed that toner was oa ths table . I hastened bj the directuni of ay friand , to the apartment in the taBy noose" where thestxsngen dine ; the distance »» - » boot fifty y » rf » »«»» P « t br ing laid with rongh lafi ttd the other with grafeL The building it Tery ) uge sad Why , and divided into lodging and other joaak The " fasiflybo « se ~ is a spacious building , three goriei )* £ » Oa tt » nodal oar , or basestent , is the pbe » at sjsrt for eookingfnr the whole " Eamily as it kcsfiri , » Ueh «»« ists of about 100 males and female * , Bontrlesi ; the second floor is appropriated for taking tfasiraHsit , aDd the third floor it a place at worship for & "tefly" oely .

      I bod dinner rery neatly serred up in a small tfotmak , stt apart for the toe of riaitors ; seme beisf dknred to dine with the " family- until fay jas the community . The " family" bad just M fata dtancK . Bdng unwell , my friend had hss # me some medicated wine , and did erery tefpossibk to make me comfortable and grre me iBpc&e ; but atlQ I waa ray little inclined to sb % hearty aveaL I had set before me some tb »

      fat bo , white and brown wheaten bread , pudding asst ten Indian eern , fruit pie , potatoe * . » foaahea , b ^ syseant , pzeserred fruit , two kinds at beets , and by Is to finest butter I had seen in the oountry , and pti fc arj I had ew tasted [ in my life . Nothing easM bt man suited to my tMte than what was before Be , jw ny state of body was such as to deny me a ast far everything , excepting the sqnash , which was W ; delirious . One of the Tbgia tasters waited upon w teiag my repast

      I butsoed back to my apartment and my friend , to Tim I had to answer the many inquiries he made rekin to the old world—he had entered upon the ir * cee;—and it gratified me to find him leas sunken tader toe weight of bis sew Tiews than , from the sasc of Ms letters , I had been led to expect Isi . or sapper , at six , consisted of nearly th « same vasdiudid the dinner . § mb after tea I went to bed , but was Tery soon ssasd by the most melodious music which greatly aftitoted me . I arose , and though my apartment is 4 mdad from the " family hall" by a court yard < T me twenty yards ia extent , yet by the light * tael stavmed through their windows I could du-SMt pereeiTB that the " family ** were at worthip

      Titj bad commenced a quick march , or dance , in •> 9 iii ; the brethren first and the sisters following Spring round the room to music ( tocsI ) performed by •^ « ten peraonj who stood in the middle of the bQ- They soon finished the tune , when they bowed adsioodiall . When the tone was changed , they toameed agaia with the earnestness ) of youths in a Bfc * coni—stamping at one t ^ aad dapping at Aec , but both most excellently timed to the music «* 7 do not pray publicly ; their opiuien being that ?* k 6 e pnyaa we iaproper , and that erery one , know-^ Jb on wa sts , can alone express them to the ** 9 . I consider the sort of exercise I witnessed , ¦ "upper , wellcakalated to impart health aad secure WBdiieep .

      ttttAT , UtiL-Bose at fiTe aad prepared for the ring « ^ btil to breakfast , which I underatood would be naij at bx , ti » regular hoar with the ' family" for « KffleaL It rang precisely at the appointed time . I ^¦™ «»» il , sjd made bat » a indifferent breakfast a » Hder Brnfter , Richard , had brought my luggage a s wagjoo frgo the station , a distance of three miles . mSL ?™*™ ^^ rt ** 0 * neessariBs and immediately "peoea my tmakt HariBg Tarious articles to dispose -j v ^ n ^ h ^ F J ** n v a ^^^^^^«^ ^ v » ^^ % jj ^ nr ^ rv ^ im-m ^ gr v « p * # * " ° 7 8001 by the

      2 ^ T attended elder brethren and •«» . whom I found to be Terypleasant and agreeable i * a ***** ° * ti » brethren and sisters al « o came , ™ ^™*^ « ch articles as they required ; they like-¦*• ORiered some good * of a description which they ¦ oa not obtain in the country . WhUe the elders of Md T * S ?* ti eaet ^ mS accounts , the music commenced , " ** *« surprised that they should allow business to ¦ £ » em froa Joining in the worship . the

      ^ " ^ at , 13 th . —After breaknwt , Prazer at my re-J ^^ to Elder ( Richard ) and aaked him to * 2 * j * shandsoffle hand-Tiee , which he had much ^ T ?*™ the prerkms erening . He accepted the tta Jx * . I ^ ue < J Payment for bringing my luggage from « r «^^ " lRi « bard ) Beeotapanied me to the office , x ^ Zf * » Ce . » here I also made some small sales , ° « ay order extended . I examined the Tarious * feML oini n ^ nfMtnre , in the store , which »» & » * ne * t > ^^^ ting prineipally of toys . Fraser Wr **** tat to shew me through the Tillage ; the fen wt ! v *** ° keeps * ke * fcore ' accompanied us to a ^ T 1 ™* 0 ? . which contained machinery for sawing fis ^ r ^' ^^ ba foT fendng , grooTing and jointing ^^^ tc . ; a taming lathe for wood , with other '" -Vj QlOSt IMeniomlT eontTi » w 1 tnr nnmnlfifcinff

      * fc ta ^ laart P ^ ole manual labour . AU Mi S **! 5 * ^ ^ e best and neatest order . A Tenera-^ er vu bnjy ^ worki wbo j f ( mnd to ^ i ^ l , "" ¦« eomaunieaaTe than the generality of the P ^^ AD Qieii machinery is propelled by water rf bon S ^ "" pristd to see a considerable number friZ&Jz ?* *• » t > op , or factory , as celibacy is en-8 * of ^^ " "" Mttity ; but I was told they were " ifc ^ f rf P »« ata who had " taken up the crow , " y ** « £ assurance of a better and happier state here * £ wJ ^ 60 ttP 0 D tb * m **» tome of brother and ^^«*» d of that of husband and wife . Ofeou » e , ^ Sa ^ . *®* bnvihi up in the faith , and habited * » 4 e bttri e ° the vadiJ - Th * y were * " «* enUTe •»* ^^?* ^ ' bich they were seTerally engaged , j ^ wa hu haiehet ehopping twigs for firewood . «**» £ ¦• ^ t ^ but all steadily attended to their £ 2 **« - I learned that this kind of firewood was ^ ¦ ° » pted than any other for the purpose of fc ^ jgj 'iciad tlie medidnal gstiexu of one of the ** are iour in uus

      Btsg ^ L r ~ " «> " nuage , xae **»« » w * l 6 d M tbro ^ Sb eTery portion of them . * lT « r » ^* *^ Jnan , « jnite polished in his """"" , ^ ^^ L ^ aaakatiTe and obliging . I was pleased ** Ia «^ T , w * dinfi »» » ith which be could giTe to wSk ^ fj ^ itB Utia n * > and to see and hear ^ w ^ u ^^ P' He was ofaphilosopkical Iffi ^ a well stored mind . ^^ « a ^^ -o « . after showing us through all ha gardens , HeTu ! 1 * " * ^^ lu > BK fQI barbs , plant * , and * X " A ^ i , ' £ M « emente » e » excellent and extsnk pot&J ^ "f ^ ble uumbei of persons were occupied « lBij c rL ? P « e seed * , aad attaching labels to each ll | « »« dS ^ L * hicIltheyi > ttfonned " « ^ t 1 " utmost ¦*« ai !^? ? ' 'They bad machines for pressing the ^ Jteia- X ^ J «> « a required abape ^ nd for otherwise ^ u , ™™ « le ; but the preparations were so **** » m . yond my P 01 * 61 to describe . I pur-Se oiTbrS 3 &ParHla ' pat np T # ry K > Iid ' * ^ ^

      Untitled Article

      In the gardens , the fragrance of which was most delightf e& , we entered an arbour , in which I was inTited to sit This arbour was of a carious construction being supported by some projecting maple trees from aTock which separated the higher and lower gardens and from which we had a Tiew that , in England , would hare gladdened the heart of any lore * of aeenery , and who would haTe concluded that this was alone intended for the abode of monarchy . It ia without parallel in farfamed Britain cr Ireland . After dinner all implements of labour were put aside in preparation for their Sabbath , which commences at sun set ou Saturday and terminates at the same time on Sunday . We next Tisited the family wash-house . It is supplied with water , both good and plentif oL Four large boilers were fixed in a square , with communicating pipes for suppl each

      ying with water , and which they could haTe at any required temperature . The machinery fot washing was moTed by water power . When the clothes were washed they were placed in a press , eut of which they were taken , almost dry , and placed in skips , and la two seconds , were remored into the attics by machinery , where rails were affixed on which they were hong to be thoroughly dried , being kept free from dust or any soil whateTet In the room below , were tables along the aides ; and is the middle a kind of stoTe or oven ; for the purpose of heating the irons . Alt their works are conducted in the best possible order ; their machinery being all put in motion by the same stream , which descends from a hill , and although comparatiTely small , yet , from their haTing constructed suitable resorToirs , they have generally a sufficient supply .

      - The Shakers tan and dress their own leather , asd make their own wooden ware . Their brooms , of which tbey-maiiufacture large quantities for sale , and which are made of the broom corn , are Tery handsome . They haTe also a small foundry . They spin , dye , weare and finish their own fabrics ; make their own soap and candles , raise and sell , by wholesale , garden and field seeds , also -vegetable medicines , which they likewise compound , and make their own shoes and other clothing . Their butter , as I before obserred , is the best in the country , and brings about one-fourth more than the general price ; their orchards are so extenslTe and productive as to enable them to preserve and dry large quantities of fruit to serve them during the winter . Indeed , they raise wheat , corn ( Indian ) , oaU , and barley , with eTery kind of vegetables in abundance .

      They rise , summer , and winter , at four o ' clock , ot very sooner after ; breakfast at six ; dine at twelve ; and sup at a little past six . They are happy aad cheerful with each other . No strife ; but , on the contrary , love and affection , reign throughout their abode ; asd unequalled order and regularity are witnessed in every department Their industry is not less systematically carried out than is every other thing . They are like bees in a hive ; aad though separate from the rest of the world , they assured me that their temporal duties are not leas attended to than are those of a spiritual nature . And let it be remarked , that though they have one common interest and one common property , in order that it may be annually shown which of them has been most ingenious or most industrious daring the

      year , every family manages their own seeds , medicines , and manufacture *; in fact , though living in " community , " they compete with each other even to an excess of industry ; for with the 7000 or 8000 acres , owned by this one village , and with & constantly increasing mass of wealth , I consider they ought to relax a little in this respect , particularly as the brethren aad sisters know that they cannot be supplied with either clothing or money , bat at the pleasure of the elder brethren , who have both in their own can and keeping They are remarkably ready to welcome all visitors , and refuse accommodation to none , whatever be their creed or Colour , old or young , married or single . They afford every information as to their tenets and

      principles ; and if these are embraced by the inquirers , and all other circumstances are favourable , they are admitted into the " family , " even though they are married , if the husband and wife consent to separation , and to change the appellation of " dear husband" and " loving wife" for the ten&s " brother" and " sister , " sad otherwise abide by the rules of the establishment , which , if they break , they must forthwith leave the society . All you possess must be taken into the institution , and you can have no further control over it than those-who take nothing ; and should ycrn leave , you ean take no property away , howeTer large might hare been the v > rw »« t you take in on your ^ n ^ m > t < ft-WhOe there , you are joint proprietor of the whole property belonging to "the " family . "

      Lebanon Springs are about a mile distant from this village . The place is a fashionable summer resort for the wealthy of the Southern States of the Union ; and the visitors to these medicinal waters , actuated more by curiosity than a desire to join in their mode of worship , used to attend the Shaker Church os Sundays ; but not acting with the desired decorum , they , amongst other things , besmearing ( as Im very common } the place with saliva , which the Shakers hold in abhorrence and designate " defilement , " it was thought proper by the " family" to close the church during the season , asd confine themselves to their family halls for the time . . To show the effect of this regulation , I may here state that one hotel-keeper told me that it had been a loss to him of more than 1 , 060 dollars , aad the season was not then over .

      New Lebanon is only one village of these strange devotees . Besides it , there are several others , one of which lies about three miles distant , and is called Hancock Shaker Tillage , in which the brothers and sisters are less numerous . Another settlement is less distant , but quite distinct There is also a settlement , or colony , at a place called Watervelette , near Troy . Another is to the Eaat , near Boston , in Massachusetts . There are more to the Westward , 1 b Ohio , and many other places . New Lebanon , however , is the centre of the whole sect * Here they bold their Congress aad arrange all their general business . I did not hear of any appointed minister ot religion amongst them . Person sustaining office are elected in the following mMtnwr : — The brethren and sisters converse together , and a person ' s name , or more , as the requirement may be , is mentioned , and , after reasoning over the matter , the appointment is determined upon by common consent , and not by vote , as is all but our universal practice .

      The three nearest villages are most beautifully situated in-the State of New York , bordering upon that of Massachusetts , in » rather hilly than mountainous district , partly sloping banks and partly plains . The wood that remains is only sufficient for ornament , firewood , building , and other necessary purposes ; and truly the large , handsome , clean buildings , with the bill asd the dale , and the exactitude and order which throughout prevail , makes the place look like a very paradise . ScJfDAT , 24 th . —Again I was npat five , posted sosoe papers , and read a portion of the Memoirs of Ann Lee , the founder of the Shakers , who was the daughter of a blacksmith , at Manchester , in Lancashire , and who with her father aad other relatives , emigrated little

      more than fifty years ago . I breakfasted at six , and was again invited to attend worship . My arm ehair was plaoed at the end of the ball , with a spitoon by its side ; because , to spit npon the floor would inevitably call forth a remark from any one who night be near . " Spitoons" are necessary for American visitors ; for the Yankees have acquired habits of smoking and spitting which renders them remarkable to all , and offeasive to many . This is unfortunate : as it tells much against the people , on the ground of cleanliness . I hare before stated that the Shakers bold the habit of spitting npon tee ioor in abhorrence , designating it " defilement" To prevent this , they invariably place a " spitoon" by the side of a visitor , so that be

      may indulge in his habit without offence to a most cleanly people . I found that their form of worship is seldom , if ever , twice the same . Those who are selected , or whose turn it is to sing , strike up a tane ; and then the whole body marches , or shakes , or dances , according as the tune requires . I was a great deal more struck this morning with tbeir performances than previously . After a quick march they , all at once , begun to form in line fiom one end of the hall to the other ; one half with tbeir backs to the wall and windows , while the other half commenced a kind of backward and forward step , and when they got to the extremity of their backward march they danced a step and moved forward . As usual , the sexes kept distinct

      in «^« . Tiriny as well as marching . They afterwards formed themselves into two close divisions , in the centre of the room , and the Elder Brother ( Richard ) in a very plain manner , explained some passages of Scripture . Then several of them expressed tbeir inward emotions , in words , while others seemed writhing in agony . They generally kept up a degree of shaking motion ; some of them to an extreme exceedingly painful to witness . The head , is particular , as well as the whole body , was kept in a sort of rolling motion , apparently much more in agony than in joy ; and one sister expressed her affection and gratitute so strongly to the Elder Sister , for the instruction she bad imparted , that -while she embraced her I cartaisly felt much affected .

      Peeling ill I walked out , and was much disappointed , one of the brothers having come to my room , while I was out , to invite me to their afternoon exercises . I lost this opportunity and only saw from my room , through the windows , much more of their excessive motion , saeh as whirling round , tumbling down , ic Their tune * are most enlivening and are fieqoentiy accompanied by the dipping of bands hi accordance with the sound of the feet A noise , somewhat similar to that made by the Irvinites ia the " unknown Ungue " was made by the Shaken ; aad which I could distinctly hear in the building in which I was , at the distance of fifty or sixty yards . The stamping was excessive . An toon as the sun went down they told me that the sabbath was coded '; and sot reflecting that I bad as good a right to respect my sabbath as they bad , they commenced talkfcg of business . This day they dined at half-part eleven , and supped at half-past three .

      Monday , 15 th . —After breakfast , my friend Fr&ser , with a spring art conveyed me and my luggage to New Lebanon village , distant about two miles , so meet a coach which passes that village to another part of the railway tftv that I had stopped at in coming . Finding it had passed , I had some difficulty to hire a vehicle , and only got to the station , a distance of eight miles , two minutes before the train . The driver said many bitter . things again&t my friends the Soakers , as be drove me along . . I soon got to Albany , and , having left my trunk , I had it TtmoTed to the railway , and paid my fare to TJtica . I waa booh on my way , but at Schneetady , fourteen miles distant , I bad to wait & few hov >; and

      Untitled Article

      before night came on , I took the opportunity of looking round the place . It consists , prineipally , of one long street of shops and warehouses , with a few hotels . The Erie canal runs through the town . There is a spacious College at a little distance for the education of students in law , physio , and divinity . We left at nightfall and reached Uttca at half-past four next morning ; I then took my &re to Oriaxany , where I staid to see a friend . I then visited the woollen factory , which was tolerably filled with good machinery . They manufacture woollen cloth , carpets , and coach lace . They buy no wool , bat barter their goods for it ; neither do they pay wages in money . The workpeople receive what ia termed " Store Pay , " consisting ot prorMoiu and clothing , but no money . Tne parsen even has to preach for " Store Pay . " I met some Englishmen at this place , among whom was a Mr . Butterfleld , from Halifax , who is the manager and a partner in the factory . He is a very cool and cautions man , and withal very civil . I visited the store , in which the stock was very plain .

      I again took my departure by railway . They would not take half , or second class fare , for what they call way passengers ; that is , persons going short stages ; so from Utica to Syracuse—became I had Btopped at Oriakany— I had to pay double , or full fare at Syracuse . I took half fare to Rochester . Night coming on I could see nothing . We went at the rate of about fourteen miles an hour on this simple single-line railway . At Syracuse , about two and a-half millions of bushels of salt is produced annually , which is sent to all parts of the Union , and a portion of it to other parts of the world . The city is built upon a plain , through which

      the railway and the Erie canal pass . It is well built , and considerable trade is carried on in it I arrived at Rochester a little before 5 a , m ., and enquired for Dr . Smyles , when I was told that he resided four miles from the city . After a good deal of enquiry I found my friend Charles Robinson , who was in bed , but he got np and prepared breakfast , and after looking round the city , Mr . Longmuirand Mr . Taylor were kind enough to drive me to the residence of Dr . Smyles , where I remained during the night , and never was poor soul so tormented as I was with an army of blood-suckers , called mosquitos . To-day the State representatives met at Albany .

      Wednesday , I 7 tb . —After breakfast , the Doctor and I each mounted a horse and took a round to visit a patient who had been burnt yesterday by her clothes taking fire ; she was an aged woman , and had just been relieved from her sufferings by death when we arrived . On our round we were within slight of Lake Ontario , and the Doctor attributed the vast assemblage of mos > quitos , which had nearly devoured me , to his contiguity to a bay or branch of the lake which was only a mile from his house . He also said there was some wet bush close by . On reaching the city we dined with Mr . John Taylor , dyer and manufacturer , from Kilmarnock , who had lived on a farm in Michigan , bst had exchanged it for the premises be now occupies . I was introduced to many countrymen , among others to Mr . John Catdweil , who , many years ago , had left Paisley , with the steeple of St George ' s Church in his

      pocket , also the goods of several tradesmen , and settled here . The circumstance of his taking the " steeple" is well known in Paisley and its neighbourhood ; the fact being that he was a member ot , and treasurer to , the St George ' s Chorch , where the Rev . Dr . Burns , the famous Corn Law Repealer , new officiates . Caldwel ] took with him a portion of the funds that bad been raised to build the church , the body of which was about completed , but the steeple was not begun . In consequence of his defection , it could not be proceeded with ; and the church is steepleless to this day . This matter struck me the more forcibly , because of my having bad so many jokes , on my visits to Paisley , respecting the man who had fled with the steeple of the said church , the want of it being a common eyesore , and a common reflection on the citisens , and especially on those who worship at the imperfect church .

      Caidwell informed me that he had been a magis trate ; that he had been in business , and that he was one of the jury that tried Mr . John Henderson , the present Provost of Paisley , when prosecuted on a charge of pike-making . I also met a few persons from HoddersSeld , whom I knew . I was informed that Mr . John Caidwell had failed in the amount of 80 , 0 * 0 dollars since he went to Rochester ; that he had set up a splendid drapery store , and pushed himself into credit , aad bad swept the decks , and was now living by xuoaey-jobWng , or lending on security at various asaounts of interests , and exchanging one sort of money for another . Notwithstanding all this , a number of his countrymen bad bad bis likeness taken by an eminent artist , aitd paid for by subscription , ta be hung up in some hall in which they meet on festive occasions . I hope fot the honour of the fraternity of saints , that it is not fixed in St Andrew ' s hall !

      The city of Rochester is beautifully situated on both banks of the river Genesee , seven miles from Lake Ontario . Within the eity the river baa three remarkable falls ; the first twelve , the second ninety-seven , and the third twenty feet ; and at a very abort distance from the eity boundary its tall is one hundred and five feet These falls must be seen to be sufficiently admired . They give power for propelling machinery equal to 38 , 000 horses , and give motion toaboTe twenty flour mills , eleven saw mills , one cotton mill , three woollen factories , nine large machine shops , one or two planing machines , through which they put flooring boards , which cose out smoothed , tongued , and grooved , and in every respect ready for putting down . There are also a bedstead sod geneva ! turning factory , and many others , all the operations being performed by machinery . To give some idea of the business dene , I may here observe , that the flour mills turn out annually on the average from 460 , 000 to 500 , 000 barrels of flour , the value amounting to about three million dollars .

      Within three miles of the city is the harbour for the steamers coming from Lake Ontario , the St Lawrence , and many other parts of Canada , a&d also those txom the States . The railway from Albany crosses the river immediately above the ninety-seven feet fall by a strong roofed wooden bridge . There are two bridges across , and the new aqueduct on the Erie canal , which fe the greatest , most substantial , and costly piece of public work in the State . I had not an opportunity of visiting Mount Pleasant , a new burial ground , one or two miles distant from the city . It is famed for elegance of design , natural beauty , and situation , in which respects it is said to stand unequalled . Everything was pleasing to me here ,

      excepting the infernal mosquitos , from the effects of whose attacks mj head and face were enormously swollen Before I retired to rest « ne night we killed all we could meet with ; and the Doctor was sure that the room was so close as to prevent their entering . I went to bed in confidence , but , to . ' in two minutes they were humming about my head in as strong force as ever . I struck about me in all directions , but to small purpose . I then got out of bed , and lighted a candle . The Doctor heard me from above , and came to express his regret I tola him I was mere sorry on bis than on my own account ; that I had struck about me right and left , and n-ast have murdered a host of the internals ,

      but that they stiil seemed increased in force . We again , as we thought , cleared the room , and went to bed a second time , but soon found the tormentors were there . I had not closed my eyes before they fell upon me , piercing my flesh with their lancets in all exposed parts , not excepting my poor lame leg , which I was compelled to keep fr « m beneath the clothes . Striking about me I found to have no effect whatever , I therefore covered myself , and pat up every possible defence , and with impatience awaited tile dawn of day , when I arose and walked in the fields , where I inhaled the refreshing broezs , wh ch communicated the most delightful sensations , contrasted with the tortures I had experienced during the night .

      Thursday , 18 th . —My kind friend Dr . Smyles was in some degree disconcerted consequent upon my not having succeeded in effecting arrangements so as that he might accompany me to the Far West , and which 1 regretted exceedingly , knowing , as I did , the delight I should feel in communing with his intellectual mind , and how in the " back woods" his cheerful disposition and inexhaustible and highly interesting stores of information would have charmed me in my course , and his research added real interest to my narrative . I was , however , compelled to forego the pleasure of his company and do the best within my power . So after much conversation on the subject of Emigration in particular , which would be out of place to narrate here , after dinner I prepared for my journey to Buffalo , aud

      was advised by my friends to go by the canal packet . I had again to travel by night through a most interesting oountry . By the light of the moon I could perceive that it was pretty well cleared and cultivated . We passed Albion , Holly , Albeston , Medina , Middleport , vnd Leckport At this latter place , I observed that one part of the town lay upon a low fiat , while the other portion was upon a high bank , the scenery being most picturesque . The five locks at Lockport by which the boat * asoend to the level of Lake Erie , are of a most substantial and ingenious construction , with a novel contrivance for letting in the water , of wbica they have an unlimited supply , and by which the boats are lifted up with unparalleled rapidity . I was informed

      that vessels could be taken upwards in ten and down In seven minutes . These locks are qaite new , the old ones being in part removed ; they are composed of large blocks of granite , cut in . most Ingenious forms so as to hind the whole as one solid rock ; there are steps ou eacb side by which to ascend , and arches ovei each lock toy which to cross on the top . The top of the upper loch is on a level with the great Lake Erie ; and here is tb . e commencement of a cutting which extends over tws > miles , of great width and depth , through granite , am \ U said to have cost more than the Thames tunnel . The workmanship of the looks is not surpassed bj any work of the kind I have ever seen .

      After proceeding from tw elve to sixteen miles through a Ine country , tolerably well cleared , we approached the banks of the great Wiagara river , opposite to Grand Island , of which we tv . ve recently heard so mncb connected with the laVj struggles between the Canadian patriots and the British hirelings . Above Grand Island , the river appears to be not more than half a mile across . I could read tVd signs in front of tht stores on the Canadian shore with the naked eye . At Lockyort there is a fine elevation from which to vUw the plains below ; my enjoyment , beyond a glimr ^ se , of the view was prevented by our confinement in the deep cutting , as mentioned above , after passing which , I , for the first time since my landing in the eountry , gazed upon an extended and delightful landscape , meeting the eye in the direction of take

      Untitled Article

      v , n ? n i ? e Iefk ' row beaoWal and gently sloping amphitheatre clothed wifcb groves , which , combUwd with the Canada shore , the river , the lake , the city of Buffalo , the villas and other buildings , toe rich foliage , and the famous Black Rock , presented a scene sublimely grand and imposing . Opposite the lower and the upper Black Rock is a remarkable breakwater , for the purpose of keeping the water at a proper level , and also to keep the water of the canal from the current of the Niagara ; upon this breakwater are several flour mills and warehouses , also a foundry at iU extremity . Here a train of railway carriages passed us from the falls .

      We reached Buffalo about six o ' clock . The waves of Lake Erie beat high upon the beach , at the verge ef the city , the wind blowing strong from * the west . At the point of the pier stood an eleg 8 nt light-house , and in the harbour a number of well-rigged ships , of various classes were moored , and higher up the riv . er was crowded with large and elegant steamers and smaller crart , which gave the place an air of grandeur with all the appearance of a sea-port , the sight being enriched bytbeofivelty ot the glittering domes of several hoteU and principal building * Domes are rather common in the country , and are covered with tin , which the rarity of the air preserres in perfect brightness . boob found

      I the residence of » y old friend , Mr . James Spencer , who would not , on any account , permit me to stay at any other place . I was received into his bouse by Mrs . S . and the family with all the cerdiaUty of a brother , and was informed that some friends , who bad accompanied me from horns , had called en passant on the previous day , and had left a pressing Invitation for me to vuit them in Illinois , to where they were journeying . Saturday , 20 th . —After dinner , I went to view the city , and to make inquiry respecting the rules of the Dutch settlements ; but I could meet with no one able to furnish me with the required particulars . I tow much pleased with the city , iu which I met with many kind and communicatiTe gentlemen . Mr . Spencer purchased a fine leg of lamb , weight about nine pounds , for twenty-eight cents , or fourteen ponoe . ( To be continued . J

      Untitled Article

      HARMONY HALL . LETTER Till . TO THE EDITOR OF THE NORTHERN STAR . Sir , —I have in this letter to show some of the practical steps necessary to be taken for the formation of a universal association for the relief of the human race from the poverty , vice , and crime which now everywhere so frightfully abound . The first practical step is to lay down the principles upon which the union shall be formed ; for unless these shall be dearly understood , and can be easily referred to in cases of difficulty , it will be useless to attempt anything like a universal association , and not only must this be the case , but the principles must be capable of exhibiting to the minds of all , such manifest proof of their truth and utility , aa shall make all desire to embrace them .

      Up to this period no principles have been acted upon , systematically , in any age or country , which could by possibility produce that universal charity and kindness which is necessary to give the stimulus to human action , to produce saeh a change as is now required throughout society . It has been reserved for this , our day , when the facts of by-gone ages have been sufficiently numerous and extensive ; and have been collected and arranged by Mr . Owen , in such a manner as to form clear and distinct sciences , namely , the science of human nature and of society , for man to be enabled fot the first time to meet his fellow-man on a broad and comprehensive plan , with an equal desire to promote the happiness of others , that he has to forward his own . This association , then , can only be formed on three great and everlasting truths , the oppoaites of the three errors named in my last letter , which trnths

      are—1 st That man does sot form his own character , either physically , mentally , or morally , but ia made to be what we call healthy or unhealthy , learned or ignorant , good or bad , in proportion to the original organisation received at birth from his parents , without his knowledge or consent ; and to the circumstances which are made to act upon this organisation from birth through life , which circumstances are equally forced upon him . 2 nd . That he has not the power of himself te believe or disbelieve any particular thing or creed , but must do bo according to the impressions made upon his mind ; and in early infancy , it is very easy either to impress true or false ideas upon the mind . 3 rd . That he has not power over his feelings to love or hate , bnt is compelled te love or to hate according as external objects produce impressions upon him .

      These three truths continually kept before us , aa the guiding principles of the society , will remove the causes of all anger , hatred , ill-will , and jealousy , and will give that spirit of charity and kindness for the feelings and actions of others , that will continually stimulate us to persevere in rendering them every kindness , as we shall be convinced that we are thereby , in the most effectual manner , promoting our own well-being and happiness . HaTing clearly before us Use principles on which we associate , and the ultimate object to be obtained , the next step will be to form the organization of the society , and decide the order in which the advance shall be made towards the object cemtemplated . 'ibis step must be taken by the selection of the person the moat

      highly qualified to act as President , who should be invested with sufficient power to decide in all cases of difficulty , whether the principles of the association had been acted upon or not Ana this President should immediately choose a council capable ot aoting with him , in order that there may be at all times perfect and entire unity throughout the operations of the society ; and this Council , with an active and efficient Secretary , will be sufficient to set in motion and carry forward all the measures I have enumerated , however vast and extensive they may become . The earliest business of the President and Council will be to collect and register the names of the central contributors to the land fund ; and to grant charters for the establishment of branches or classes

      in proportion to the members , for the purpose of local contributions ; aud the parties bo contributing must also be registered , with their ages , numbers of their families , state of general health , occupations in life , the manner in which they can advance the interests of the society , either pecuniarily er otherwise , if drafted on the land , and such other particulars as it may be desirable to ascertain . They should also , if possible , be immediately located on the land , and call to their assistance the best minds they can procure to carry on the agricultural and gardening operations in the most superior manner that the present knowledge acquired in

      these sciences will admit ; and they should employ npon the land the greatest quantity of manual labour that the means afforded them will allow . They should , at the same time , make provision for a sound practical education : not iu mere book-1-. arning , but by realities in the actual business of life , —being given not only to the children who may be placed in tbe first establishment , but it should become a Normal School for training both ohildren and adults in such broad and comprehensive views of tbe benefits to be derived from association on universal principles , with one general interest , as shall render them fit , in tbeir turns , to become the teachers and instructors of others .

      As soon aa the reg istration was rendered tolerably effective , the President aad Couocil should issue a manifesto or preliminary Charter , setting forth the objects which , in tbeir opinion , could be immediately obtained by a strong and united agitation ; and the whole force of society in fact of the millions—should be directed to the attainment of these objects by the enly truly legal power or force that can ever accomplish any great work , namely , the power or force of an enlightened public opinion . Thia preliminary Charter should not be confined to any minor or petty objects ; or to the obtaining of the objects sought through any favour or assistance from individuals , parties , sects , or classes . Let tbe benefits to be derived be clearly and distinctly seen , let them be shown to be universal , and of sufficient magnitude and importance , and let the means of procuring them be made evident , and it is not in tbe nature of roan to resist what shall once be proved to him to be his

      own interest . A great mistake has hitherto been made in all public agitations , by tbe parties acting as though men could be led forward faster than their convictions were obtained , and this must be avoided . The sure , the Bafe , tbe steady , and the speedy course will be to give time for the public to weigh well the measures put forth , and whilst there should be no supineness or inaction on the one hand , neither on the other should there be any hasty rushing forward to grasp at things beyond our reach , thereby losing in a shadow those benefits which are obtainable ,. and preventing , or rather delaying , the accompUsuuteat of the ulterioi

      design-The practical reformer will always be distinguished by a calm , sober , philosophic bearing , under any circumstanoes that may occur . He may be reviled , vituperated , and calumniated ; those even with whom he ia associated , and whom be most devotedly desires to serve , may array themselves agaiaat him , and for a time overpower him ; but if he be acquainted with the sciences of human nature , and of society , or with the three great truths or principles on which alone this association could be founded , be will soon rise beyond all party or personal considarations , and prooeed with energy on the course before him .

      The first step towards produolng the required conviction will be gained by securing as large a portion of tbe public press aa will open their columns to the advooacy of universal objects , aud taking care they ate from time to time well supplied with information regarding the progress of the society . The day has arrived when the public mind demands better food than it has hitherto been supplied with * and if well arranged measures are devised , and are calanly treated on , there is no doubt but they will readily receive insertions in many quarters .

      A nother mode of assisting to accomplish the same objeofc , will be by Eending fortJi talented practical mv ,. sionaries , oapable of shewing clearly and forcibly ' the importance of tbe measures contemplated , ani » . the manner fa which tfaey are to be obtained ; an < Y these parties must act in unity , directing the - minds of the people to one focus , and not as hitherto , each one recommending his own peculiar Yiewh if there be a

      Untitled Article

      strong powerful body of men capable of explaining in practical manner tbe views and objects of the society , they may speedily produce a current of public opinion , sufficiently powerful to accomplish everything desired . The third mode and the last to which I can on this occasion refer , is , to tbe calling of public meetings , throughout the length and breadth of tbe land , for the pnrpgse of addressing her Majesty , memorializing the Government , and petitioning the two Houses of Parliament , that the Charter so set forth may be adopted . I would take this step , not so much , with , the hope ef their immediate assistance , as to exhibit to them the

      power , energy , and resolution of the people , is the business in which they shall have engaged ; and if they be sufficiently imbued with true first principles , and thereby acquire the moral force to act disinterestedly , and for the general welfare , they may roon produce such conviction on the minds of the parties addressed aa shall make them desirous of assisting in every manner possible in forwarding the object to be accomplished . I will proceed with the further consideration of this subject in my next letter . I am , Sir , Your obedient servant , William Galpin . Harmony Hall , near Stockbridge , Hants , May 1 , 1843 .

      Untitled Article

      TO THE EDITOR OF THE NORTHSJfcN STAR . Dear Sir , —According to Mr . O'Connor's request , I have sent you a correct statement of the average produce of my experiment oa the land for tbe last four years . I have 4 , 021 square yards of land , divided into four parts , with crops as follows : — No . 1—825 square yards , first crop potatoes , second crop Swedish turnips . No . 2—923 square yards , first crop cabbages , second crop potatoes . No . 3—923 square yards , first crop cabbages , second crop Swedish turnips . No . 4—1 , 350 square yards in grass . Total , 4 , 021 square yards .

      I get the crops every year from Numbers 1 , 2 , 3 , and Number i always remain sward . The above is the order of the crops for this year . Next year the crops on Number 1 will take the place of Number 2 , and Number 2 will take the place of Number 3 , and Number 3 will take the place of Number 1 , and so on every year alternately ; so that I have a regular rotation of crops , always having that portion of land laid up in ridgea in November that I shall want for potatoes in the following spring , and each portion of land has in its turn what I term a winter fallow . Tbe following are the particulars of each crop , and what I have found from practice to be the average produce of quantity and value for one year : —

      £ 8 . d . No . 1 and 2 contains 2 , 748 square yards ; pro * duce 1 . 40 bushels of potatoes , at It . per bushel .,. ... ... ... 7 0 0 Nos . 1 and 3 contains 1 , 748 square yards planted with Swedish turnips , at the rate of six in the square yard , the averages each total weight 41 ba . eacb , total weight , 18 tons , 15 cwt , at 15 b . per ton ... 14 I 3 Nos . 2 and 3 contains 1 , 846 square yards , planted with cabbages , at the rate of four in the square yard , tbe average weight 41 b . to each ; total weight , 13 tons 4 cwt . sold at 28 cabbages for Is . 13 3 9

      £ 34 5 0 I give this statement as the selling price that it may be compared with tbe value when tbe produce ia consumed by cattle . I have had two cows supplied with food tbe last two years from the produce of this land , with tbe exception of a little oat straw . The total weight of turnips and cabbages , the produce of one year , is 31 tons 15 cwt ., or 15 cwt . per week for fortytwo weeks . The other ten weeks they are fed on grass by mowing it as it becomes fit . I find the average quantity of milk produced from tbe two cows to be twenty quarts per day for forty-six weeks , allowing each cow to xemaiu dry fox six weeks every year . £ s . d > Twenty quarts of milk per day for forty-six weeks at twopence per quart ... 53 13 4 Two calves , tbe produce of eacb cow , ... 2 0 0 140 bushels of potatoes Is . per bushel ... 7 0 0

      Total of produce for one year ... ... 02 13 4 Cost of production for one year—£ s . d . Rent of land ... ... 4 0 0 Taxes ... ... ... 0 10 0 47 days' labour at 3 s . per day 7 10 Seed ... ... ... 0 10 0 Three tons of oat straw , or if deducted from the selling price of manure ... ... 5 0 0 Wear and tear of implements 0 10 o £ 17 11 0 Net profit ... ... ... ... £ 45 2 4 I have a boar pig , a breeding sow , and several other pigs , that live chiefly from the refuse during the summer . Mr . Editor , I am very glad to see from Mr . O'Connor ' s letters that he is determined to combine the plan of cottage farms with national organisation . I am quite convinced that the People's Charter will be sooner obtained by such a combination than by any other means that I am yet acquainted with . I shall be very happy to render every assistance that is in my power to obtain so desireable an object I am , dear Sir , Your * truly , John Linton . Selby , April 26 th , 1843 .

      Untitled Article

      TO THE CHARTISTS OF EDINBURGH AND ARBROATH . Lovers of Democracy , —In course of some remarks addressed to a few friends assembled in Whitfisld Chapel , Edinburgh , to do honour to our persecuted brother , Robert Peddie , I undertook to prove , in public discussion , that Messrs . Robert Lowery and Abram Duncan were politically dishonest I have received letters from these gentlemen of the most scurrilous description , stating terms upon which they will meet me , that no man of Chartist integrity could accede to . An opinion , therefore , seems to have gone abroad that I have shrunk from the contest ; I beg most distinctly to state that such is not the fact . Oa the following terms I am their man ; and I presume none will say they are unfaix : —

      First—That tbey accept my challenge by writing direct to me , stating the time and place they wiBh the discussions to come off . : Second—That the largest possible place of meeting be secured , and that there be no money charged fer admission . Third—That they appoint individuals to act with tbe undermentioned who will sae fair play given on all sides . Fourth—That I will furnish them with my charges against them in writing within four days after the receipt of their letters accepting my challenge , and ten days before the nights appointed for the discussions . Fifth—That the Chairman , at the close of the discuBsion each night , do take the united judgment of the audience as to whether or not the charges have been proven .

      Now , my friends , I trust these Gentlemen are possessed of a sufficient share of moral courage , to meet me openly , and defend their public acts , and their private stabs , aimed at the people ' s best and most disinterested friends . Their shuffling will not do for ma ; if they do not come forward I will draw them out by a complete exposure of their treacherous attempts to sell the party from whose pence they have lived for sewral years past I am prepared to meet them in any town on this side the Tweed , and although not over rich to defray coach and railway expences , I have a good pair of Irish legs that never yet refused to perform their office , and I am no way loath to use them in the cause of truth and justice . You will also observe , taat according to my conditions , they cannot expect any cash from tafr proposed discussions . ..

      _ . _ . . . ^ I will appoint , as my friends , at Edinburgh , Messrs . M'Leod , Allan , Lemon , Watson , M 'Donald , M'Alister , and Camming . In Arbroath , Mr . Robert Haggins , and others whom be may select With a hope that you will not permit bay undue advantage to be taken , and tbankiug those who have apprised me of the seer ** workings of my wily opponents , I have the honour to remain . Your Brother on the common level of Political Equality , Com Mubbay . 139 , Salt Market-afcteeV , , Glasgow .

      Untitled Article

      Flight ov Mb , Finn , ihb Dublin Coupobatiom Tbe / sorer . —A great sensation ^ has been created iu t ' aie city by the absconding of Mr . Finn , Treasurer to the Corporation . It appears that he Bailed in > jie half-past five o ' clock mail packet , from KiBgstown , on Friday , for Liverpool , and sailed en Saturday morning in the Great Western , from Liverpool , for New York , accompanied by his family . It is not possible to state accurately at present to what amount he ia a defaulter , but the sum named it about £ 5 , 000 ot £ 6 , 000 * His securities , of course , are responsible in t \ L *; ti respective amounts . —Dublin Monitor . ^

      Untitled Article

      A DOUBLE MURDER . Bbidgend , Satubday , April 29 th . —This neighbourhood baa been for the last few days very much agitated by tbe sadden death of a respecable farmer , a iMr . Howell , of Laleston , as was affirmed of Asiatic « iV > Iera , followed immediately afterwards by the equally Balden death of a poor woman named Jane Harvey , who had assisted in laying out tbe body of Mr . HowelL As may naturally be supposed , the utmost terror pervaded the whole neighbourhood at the supposed arrival of that deadly scourge , cholera , among them . Further circumstances , however , invested the case with very extraordinary and mysterious appearances , and aa investigation was resolved on .

      Tbe deceased Howell was , it appears , a bachelor possessed of property to the amount of about £ 200 ' per annum , and ww about to be married to a very respectable widow , » Mrs . Lewis . To this match , it appears , the sister of the deceased farmer , a Mm Thomas , strongly objected , as it would be the means of alienating from her tbe property to wbieh , if he died a bacbelor » she would be entitled . Her remonstrances with her brother bad , however , been fruitless , and the period for the marriage was fixed . This being the case , on Friday se ' nnigbt Mr . Howell had occasion to send for some beer to the house of his intended bride ) who re-Bided at a short distance , and the servant was directed to take a jar and fetch it . Some business , however , prevented her , and a lad , the son of a neighbour , went for it .

      On feis way thither he called st the house of the sister of tbe deceased , who asked him to go an errand for her &nd leave the jar there during his absence . The boy did so , and on his return took the jar , and having proceeded with it to Mrs . Lewis , it was ailed with beer , and he returned with it to Mr . Howell ' s hands . Shortly after , the servant girl was taken ill with vomiting and diarrhoea , and Mr . Howell , having druuk a glass of the beer , was , at about a quarter after four o ' clock , also taken ill with vomiting and diarrhcea . Hia illness increasing , he was put to bed and attended by the lad ' s mother , and bis . BisteT , Mrs . Thomas , Bent for , who came and appeared to be particularly attentive to him . A Mr . Pritcbard , the surgeon of the village , was also sent for , and pronounced the disease to be Asiatic cholera , and

      treated it accordingly . In the course of this treatment it becoming necessary to apply beat to the feet of Mr . Howell , the jar which had contained the beer was emptied and filled with hot water for that purpose . All the remedies which were applied proved , bowever , fruitless , and Mr . Howall died at six in the morning . An inquest was held upon the body , and a verdict to the effect that the deceased died of Asiatic cholera was returned , and beyond tbe tenor which spread through the neighbourhood at this circumstance no 'apprehensions or suspicious were entertained . The poor woman , Jane Harvey , waa called in to assist in laying cut the deceased , and having drunk some of the beer she was taken ill iu a similar manner , and treated by Mr . Pritchard for Asiatic

      cholera , having at the time no suspicion of poison . The poor woman , however , continued to get worse , and shortly after she also died . The servant girl recovered . Mr . Pritchard , it * should be remarked , lodged in the house of Mrs , Lewis , and being in the daily habit of drinking the ale and pronouncing it excellent , he entertained no idea of the illness having been produced by it . Some circumstances having , however , afterwards arisen , which led him to suspect whether the beer had anything mixed with it , he poured some into bottles , which , together with the jar that had contained It , he sealed up and delivered to Mrs . Thomas , the sister of the deceased Howell , with directions for her to forward them to his residence . It appears , however , that instead of doing so she broke the bottles and destroyed

      the jar . These things , and the fact of a dog which had licked up some of the contents of Mr . Howell ' s stomach having also died , excited the utmost suspicion . Tbe bodies were exhumed and tbe stomachs and intestines having been extracted , were properly sealed up and transmitted to Mr . Herapatb , of Bristol , the celebrated chemist , whose fame in the testing of various poisons , and particularly arsenic , is not confined to England , but is well known to the scientific world . Mrs . Thomas and her husband were taken into custody , and tha inquest adjourned to yesterday , at which time two investigations went on at the same time ; the one at the Union-bonse , Bridgend , before the count / magistrates , the Rev . Mr . Knight and Mr . J . Franklyn , whe . examined into the death of tha fanner , Howell , the Coroner being precluded from going into that inquiry from the circumstance of tbe jury having given a verdict that he died by the visitation of God ; and the other before tbe coroner

      at Lalestoa Mr . Herapath being examined , stated that he had carefully examined the stomach anl intestines of the deceased woman , Harvey ; but , although tbere were traces of active inflammation throughout , he bad not been able by any of the tests which tie had applied to discover the existence of poison . This , however , it may be remarked , did not prove that poison had not been administered , as it frequently happened that large quantities of arsenic might be taken without its being discovered in either , the stomach or intestines . We understand , however , that Mr . Herapatb has requested to be allowed to examine the liver of the deceased woman . In tbe case of the nan ( Howell ) he stated that he found distinct evidence of arsenic having been taken , which he produced before the magistrates in the form of metallic arsenic . It appears also that the boy states , that when he returned from the errand on which he had been sent by the prisoner out , Mrs . Thomas with a white paper packet in her band , which she handed to her husband . '

      Tbe two prisoners , after being duly cautioned , each made a statement , which , it will be seen , was very contradictory . Mrs . Thomas Bald , she told her husband to break the bottles and destroy tbe contents , -because she feared there might be something is them which would injsre some one . Mr . Thomas , on the contrary , states that he destroyed them without his wife ' s knowledge , and wken he told her ot it she said be ought not to have done it . Mr . Herapath , on his arrival , canned tbe prisoner ' s house to be searched , and has taken away the fragments of the jar , fee ., for further examination . The inquiry was then adjourned tor a week , and tha prisoners remanded .

      Untitled Article

      The Marquw of Exeter on Saturday last redaced by ten per cent , the wages of all the workmen and labourers in his employ at Burghley and the other estates of his Lordship . The plea is , that the reduction is to meet the income-tax on the one band , and tbe reduced price of provisions on ths oth £ r . The saving to Lord Exeter , it is stated , will be £ 500 a-year . —Stamford Mercury . On Monday morning week , at Winthorpe , in the county of Lincoln , a poor woman named Jessop , in a moment of frenzy , nearly cut off the bead of her child , four months old , and then out her own throat in such a manner as to render medical aid unavailing . The most complete destitution is said to be the cause of this sad act . At tbe time of her recent confinement , straw was her bed , and one blanket her covering , while the house did not contain a single particle of food for her and her five children .

      Curious Case . —A curious case occupied the attention of the magistrates at the Lambeth Policeoffice on Monday . The following application was made by Mrs . Harriet Campbell , a midwife , residing at 17 , Umberstone-street , Commercial-road East : —She stated , that on the evening of the 10 th of August last , at dusk , an elderly gentleman , enveloped in a large travelling cloak , brought to her house a young and delegate female , and entreated shelter and assistance for the latter , who was very ill at tbe time , and in fact in labour pains . The gentleman added , that they had been on the river together in a steam-boat , and the lady having witnessed a collision between the boat which they were in and a wherry , by which the latter was

      upset , and three or four persons plaeed in great jeopardy , premature labour had been brought on , which rendered it impossible for him to take her to her residence at the west end © f the town . Applicant , from motives of humanity , and observing that the young woman was momentarily about to become a mother , took her into her house , and had scarcely time to prepare the necessary accommodation before the lady was- safely delivered of a daughter . The gentleman . whe . accompanied her evinced and expressed the greatest possible anxiety for tbe safety of both mother and infant , and entreated that a Buitabla nurse should be provided for the latter , the mother not beius ; able , from its premature birth , to-suokle it ; aad witness engaged the wife of a mechanio in the neighbourhood to take

      charge of it , the gentleman agreeing to pay 7 s . & week for its care . The lad ; remained at her house for three weeks , during whteh time she was constantly visited by the gentleman in the cloak , whom she represented to be her uncle , and said bis name was Williams , and that he was a grocer in a very extensive way of business . She also said that her name was Catharine Mills , that her mother kept the Union Inn , at Carnarvon , of which place her-ancle was the clergyman , and that she had a third uncle , the captain and owner of a vessel . When the lady left her ( the applicant ' s ) house the gentleman gave her £ 2 for her trouble , and 14 s . a fortnight had beeu sent her for the nurse until the 27 th of November , when it ceased , and from that period to the present she had not been able to learn anything whatever about them . About a month after the payment ceased , a lady of dashing appe&rauce called , and told- her to continue to pay the weekly amount , for Bhft

      little thought what rank of life the young ladj moved in . She said she was a lady of fortune , entitled , when coming of age * to . a property of £ 3 , 000 a year ; that she was then only sixteen years ef age , and had unfortunately become pregnant by her mother ' s foot boy . The Mother had managed ta get the servant seat on hoard the hulks , and had given the gentleman in the clo » fc " £ 200 to proonre her daughter a safe asylum during her confinement . This statement , frem a person of such an appearance as the lady , satisfied Mrs . Campbell for aoaw time , and ra&j&y months she continued te pay forth * support of the infant . She could not now oontmae to do bo , and applied to the magistrate for advice , the parish of St . George having refused to rahev « her of the child . She had made every inquiry afc Carnarvon , but nothing could be a 5 O 6 rta \ ned of i \» mother or her connexions . The case was deferee * for the attendance of the parish oflfoers ,

      Untitled Article

      TO THE COUNCIL OF THB ARBROATH CHARTIST ; ASSOCIATION . Gentlemrn , — V our advertising puff In last week ' s Star is answered f . o my letter of this day , addressed to the Cbartista of Edinburgh and . Arbroath . I remaj ' u , Gentlemen , A Scourge to Political Traffiekers , Con Murray . . . - - — a ¦ n ^^ s ^^ i ^ Mj ^^* j ^>^ ' ^ w ^ ' ^ ^^^"

      Untitled Article

      ^ _ ; .. THE NORTHERNJTAR , j

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), May 6, 1843, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct649/page/7/