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Northern Star (1837-1852), 6th May 1843, Edition 3 of 5, Page 6

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      SECOND REPOKT FROM THE CHILDRENEMPLOYMENT COMMISSION . LACE MA . NTFACIUBB . ^ ssrs-sirsrs -jsJM fesX ^ T XSdSdy introduce into Parliament measures fcc the = SSton of children and young persons empkyea in g £ 5 > £ « of la * , It is not a little ** gular . that those occnpatioM which are engaged m * donnng K emMUEbiss thi * ««*» ¦« *«* " ** T ^^ sely those which inflict tfee maximxm of tnffettBf and tor-?¦ - oa that helpless class of persons w-lridi , by the ^ ,. « e «« EoiBy of Jtatniv , is more particularly recommended to iti sywpath-rs and we may even add to its especial leeawl and \ -c \ rction- We submitted to our readers ufa recent number o € ow journal , an appalling

      • esoont of the Tarious heartrwading hardships and pn-¦ vations to -which the yotrug < lresa-makers of the metropolis are exposed during «*« ry boor of the day and aiight : ire propose in our present nu » t > er to submit to them another picture of eaaery scarcely leas appalling "in its intensity , eertaiaiy far more extensive in its -nmificatko , aod indescribably more dangerous to the community , from the masses which it embraces , and born the awful immorality and debauchery -which it is boBrty-gesexatang in thx * e counties placed in . the very heart of England . The main features of this picture sr « scattered oTer a very long and able report of Mr . etainger , who has investigated the diflfererit processes of labour in the lace manufacture with a patient aasidnUy which does honour to his hnmanity . and has described them with a clearness and -rigour of language which place him in the first rank among the ¦ Writers on statistic * . Oar object will be more than -answered , if we can draw the attention of the public to the 160 pajres of his report by the rapid summary of it

      ¦ Which ire now subjoin . The lace manufacture is principally confined to the counties of Nottingham , Leicester , and Derby , there being , according to Mr . Grainger , 2 , 760 machines employed there , and only 7 S 7 in the Isle of Wight and all the rest of England . The value of this machinery nay be estimated is round numbers at a sum not very much short of £ 1 , 500 , 006 . The amount of the actual fixed capital in the trade has not been calculated ; bnt the ralne of the goeda sold in the year 1 SS 5—the annual ¦ value has since fallen off , but to what extent is uncertain—was £ 2 , 212 . 000 . As a branch of national industry , then , there can be no doubt as to the importance of the lace trade .

      The manufacture of lace comprehends a variety , of distinct occupations—Tit , " making the laee , " " gassing , " " bleaching , " " mending , ** " embroidering , " drawing , pearling , and Lemming , " and " dressinggetting-up , or finishing ;~ and in all of them children and young persons are employed . Winding and threading the lace are classed by Mr . Granger under the occupation of " making the lace . " The winding is almost invariably performed by girls and young women , who begin about twelve er fourteen , but are generally above eighteen . Their labour is to irind into brass bobbins the necessary quantity of thread to make a piece of lacs . The threading is principally performed by boys , who begin at the age of eight years and a-half , and continue till fifteen , when they usually

      go to the m&chi&ea . W « should transgress our limits , were we to describe the process ol threading minutely ; it may be sufficient to state that it consists in passing the end of the thread which has been previously wound into the bobbin , through the aperture of the carriage in which the bobbin is inserted and afterwards works . On the process of gassing and ffl «» f > hing the lace , Mr . Grainger observes that no particular observation need be made ; but on the process of mendirs , embroidering , and drawing , be remarks , that almost all the children of the labouring classes in Nottingham are engaged in one or other of them , " as won aa they can tie a knot or use a needle . " The dresslog and fl "'« h '" g the lace also employ many children aod young persons of both sexes .

      We have made these preliminary rtmarks on the different processes in the lace manufacture , is order that the public may the better understand the observations 5 » hich we shall hereafter have to offer to it , on the labour endured and the wages received by the drawers , threaders , winders , lace runners , as embroiderers are generally termed , and lace menders of Nottinghamshire , Leicestershire , and Derbyshire . And first with respect to the drawers . Drawing is a very simple process , performed by drawing out -with a needle the threads which hold together the Bep&rate Widths which , make up the entire piece as it comes out of tbe TOTfrt ""* - In the Nottinghamshire district it is common for children to commence at this work at four , five , and six yean of ass . One of the witnesses whom

      Mr . Grainger examined had thirty-six children in her employ , chiefly of seven yean of age and upwards . Some , however , begin as soon as they can bold a need ' fc-Mr . Grainger found a child placed at work by its parent be / ore it teas fcro years old . The evidence which he has collected on that point is so extremely curious , that we ¦ hall make no apology for submitting it to our readers . " Mrs . Hougbton—Is a lace-drawer , and has four children ; Harriet , eight years , Anne , six , Mary , four , and Ella , two years old ; of these the three elder are employed aa lace-drawers . Harriet was sot quite three When she began to work , Anne was about the same , and Mary was sot quite two years old . Elizi 'has teed and drawn a few threads out . [ Sub-Commissioner—All thU was interrupted with Mind your

      work , '' lake care , '' Make haste , ' >* ow , Anne , get on , " * Mind your work . ' ] Begins generally at eix am . in the summer , and seven in the winter ; in the former goes od till dark , in the latter till ten j " m . The two biggest children work with witness these hours ; Mary begins at the same time in the morning , but she leaves off about P . H . The children- have no Cme to go oat to play . ' They go out very seldom . * Have breakfast when they have time to get it ; the same with dinner and tea . Have about a quarter of an neur for each meaL The children are obliged to sit at their work . They sit all day . [ 'Hind your work , ] The work tries the eyes . The black is the wont . ' It is dree work . ' [ ' Now , mind your work . ' ! The children have very goed health .

      " Sub-Commissioner—The children are very fine and pretty girls , and appear healthy . The two younger sit perched up » n chairs , their legs too short to reach the ground . " . It appears from this" statement that a child of f * ur years old was worked twelve houn , and another of six fifteen boon a-day by their own mother , and that , too , whilst her husband , who generally had work , was earning twenty-three shillings a-week by his regular wages . There is a mass of evidence all tending to prove that thirteen or fourteen hours is the ordinary work of these very young children . The most serious tffVcts are in consequence often produced upon their heaUb and strength . One witness states that" the children who are drawers are very delicate and sickly-looking . If they are well when they go to work , in a year or two they became thin . Many mothers have told me that their hearts aebe to send their children to work at such

      an early age and for such long hours , but they are Compelled to do it to get bread f jr their families . Tae wages for men are so much reAnced in many of the trades in Nottingham , that to support the family they are compelled to send their children out to work ; " and what do our readers suppose the paltry stipend to be which is earned at the expenee of the blood , muscle , and spirits of these infantile labonren 7 Mr . Felkin state * that three shillings a week is a very high average ; and Mr . Grainger , in commenting upon that statement , erpressses his convictien that it ia mush more than is usually earned . Moreover , though such are their earnings , they are very mrarScienty dothed and very poorly fed . Surely , then , it is incumbent upon the Government to take stringent measures without delay for the protection of these infants , since it is evident that we cannot trust either to the natural feelings of their parents , or to the humanity of the small mistresses who generally employ them .

      The average age at which children begin to thread is , aa we have already stated , about eight yean and a half . The majority of threaders are boys . At the age of fifteen the girls become -winders , or go to other ocenpa- < tions , and the boys then or earlier go to the machines . < During these aeven years the children who thread are liable to be called upon to werk during the whole of the time that the machines are at work , whether that be daring sixteen , twenty , or twenty-two hours out of the twenty-four . Mr . Grainger mentions one child who stated that be had often stopped from four o ' clock one morning till two on the next , and that , too , twice or thrice In one week . Robert Stinion , an opearative nineteen yean of age , deposed that when he was a threader , he had stopped all sight in the factory three OT four times a week , and added , naturally enough , " Whan 2 came home it was a bit of treat to me . " In- deed , the threaders in most instances seem to be much i neglected by their parent * . There are , of course , some ; exceptions to this role ; a&d one exception deserves . ! | : !

      » ys Mr . Grainger , to be specially recorded . Sarah Pym , herself almost made blind by embroidering lace , has four children , who were formerly threaders and ¦ w inders . « I wasassured ( continues Mr , Grainger ) that ttts poor woman always sat up , however late , till har ehfldrea returned home . " " Many and many a score of times < eontin * ef this poor woman ) have I gone into the street to look for them . I wonder how I have lived through it -It is grievous to see the children dragged up as they sow are ; &ry are not brought tip . A constable of the name ef Wilkinson testifies that * 'he frequently sees a number of . children , many as young as eight or ten , little tkingt hardly as ktgk a * He b * e , gelng to various lam factories as threader * at all times < rf the sight . With them there

      ire oooasiOMHy joung wonen of sixteen , seventeen , and « ri fl h **<>« who are winders . During the late intense frost b * saw boyi and girls come oat in the middle of the sight in light clothing , and apparently < coffering from , the cold . " Asd no wonder that they \ were suffering from the cold , and suffering severely too ; for there ia abundance of evidence to prove that the ' bmi of the laee factories , in which the ventilation is ' ^« 7 defective evan ia Uw day time , varies from 64 \ ^ es to SS degrees when the gas is lighted , and Mr . ' Sf ^ V ¦«• informs us that during the winter , when be ^ f ~ fv t > l . ^ i , the thermometer was often a » low as JO I !!—* . Thr ^ fk t ** k " 8 mnch idle tlme ta tbe £ SSs of their work ' ^ e " ^ 0 * 7 ™ nnow&i >

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      | ^ if they ' think fit , to jOay . it is sgTeed ob all bands that the thr eadera are subject to more hardship and greater want ' £ rest than almost any other persons engaged in manuf aeturing labour . Mr . Wm . Hinde states , that bund- reds have been sent to their graves by their incessant labour asd want of rest " They have no regular time , { or their meals : they have their food sent them , ani , eat it whes they can . " That food ia often isanffici > mt , and commenly co&sists ot nothing but bread and t- ia . " Their houn of sleeping , too , are as izregular is their houn of eating , " and they are frequently seen lying down in the middle of the shop floor , ox under the tables , or on the carriage-boxes , ot on the old | coatB of the men , attempting to gab > in a short and i uncomfortable nap a temporary oblivion of their cruel

      Bufferings . They are also often beaten and illtreated by the men who work the machines , when they are tired and exhausted by their long boun of labour . Nor will this appear surprising to those wbo are informed that the earnings of the men are partly dependent on the time which is occupied in winding asd threading . But even this is not all that these wretched children have to endure . The process of threading is very injurious to the sight , especially where the spring top-bobbin is used , for there the aperture Is so small that it must be threaded like a needle , and the average number of bobbins to be threaded for one machine is about 1800 , which will ocenpy two or three threaden for two hours , or two houn and a half . Mr . Grainger is , however , of opinion ,

      that their eyesight is not permanently injured ; and in this opinion be is supported by Dr . J . C . Williams , the very intelligent physician to the Nottingham Hospital , to whose valuable memoranda on the diseases of the eye occurring in the different branches of the Nottingham trade—tbe result of his observation during fourteen yean upon at least 10 , 000 cases—we shall have occasion , again and again , to call the attention of the medical public . We ohall not add a word more upon the degree in which the organization of these children engaged in threading , upon very inadequate wages , is debilitated , and their liability to disease increased along with their inability to resist it , until we have passed under review tbe scarcely less miserable condition of the young girls , who are compelled to gain by winding a scanty and precarious subsistence .

      Tbe winding is almost invariably performed by girls and young women , who beiein , as we have already stated , about the age of twelve or fourteen . It is a laborious employment , if tbe bobbins are turned by hand ; but it is much easier where steam power is employed . Tbe winders are very liable to nightwork , bat not quite in tbe same degree , sayi Mr . Grainger , as the threaden , because the winding is necessarily done before the threading . The commissioners , however , declare it to be proved , that " in winding for lace machines the children hid no regular and certain time whatever for sleep or recreation , being liable to be called upon at any period during sixteen , twenty , or

      twenty-two boun out of twenty-Uur , while they have frequently to go from one place to anoifcer , often at considerable distances , at all hours of the night and at all seasons . '' Various diseases are thus engendered . Dr . Williams informs us , that winding , especially brass bobbins , ofUn strains tfee eyes , and that amaurosis , cataract , conjunctival inflammation , and inflammation of the cornea are produced by it . Bat these are by so means the worst evils which lie in wait for these unfortunate young women . They are employed in the 8 ame factories with the workmen , and in a great majority of the factories no precautions are taken to keep the sexes apart- This naturally leads to great immorality .

      "Inthe town of Nottingham , " says Mr . Grainger , " all parties , clergy , police , manufacturers , workpeople , and parents , agree that the present mode of employing children and young persons as threaders and winders is a most fertile source of immorality . There can , in fact , be but few states more immediately leading to vice and profligacy . Children of both sexes are called out of their parents" houses at all houn of tbe night , and , as it is quite uncertain how long they may be required , whethy for two boun or the whole night , a ready and unanswerable excuse for staying out is furnished . Tbe threaden , who are usually boys , and the winders , who are generally girls , are reqoired at tbe same time , and thus they have every facility for forming improper connexions . Tbe natural results of such a noxious system are but too apparent , and must have contributed in no slight degree to the immorality which , according to the opinion universally rxpresseJ , prevails to a most awful extent In Nottineham . in addition to the immediate

      evils to the children themselves , the domestic peace and comfort of the families of which they are members are sacrificed to this most unnatural state of things . " To tbe same effect is the evidence of Mr . Barnett . the clerk to the Nottingham Union . " The extent of early sexual intercourse is dreadful . A principal cause of this demoralization is the facility of boys and girls mingling together in tbe streets at nigbt , and the almost total absence of parental control . " Another witness , a female , declares , that " as a mother she thinks that it is very wrong to employ boys and girls in the nigbt , and that it ought to be prevented . She has ofkn had tbe heart acbe , when her son was gone out at night , and she did not know when he would return . .

      . . Tbe evils of night work muit lead to great immorality on the part of these so employed . Many of the girls at an early age become pregnant , and some ot them attempt to produce miscarriage , and in this way their constitution is soon ruined . " Mr . TV . Enfleld , junior , who is the son of the Town Clerk of NotliBgham , is so fully convinced of the dreadful consequences arising from this system , that be declares "the young should not be allowed to work at night at all . To the health as well as morals of the young nighVwork is particularly injurious , for they neither get aletp nar meals at proper hours , and are ex posed to greater temptations to vice . " One of the medical witnesses examined by Mr . Grainger averred that the immonlity thus engendered was awfuL Mr .

      T . H . Smith , the intelligent and indefatigable vice . chairman of the Nottingham Board of Guardians , gave the following striking evidence as to the moral and physical ruin , degradation , and death which this nigbt work is constantly producing : " I ha » e known many parents come out of the country merely to live on the labour of their young children . In one case , a short time ago , a widow came with three children , of twelve , fourteen , and sixteen yean nf age , out of Derbyshire . These children were sent into a factory , the mother being only employed in preparing their meals , and getting them up early in the morning . They did not come home to their meals : they were taken in the

      factory . All these children died in eighteen months . I think this resulted from their employment Almost all the families employed in the manufactures of Nottingham are , with few exceptions , supported more or less by the Jabonr of their children . Among other evils of this system is that of ravening the erder of nature ; children become , at an early age , independent of their parents -, in many cases the latter are e-ven obliged to act as menials to their children . Another class of evils is , that worthless fathers are enabled to spend their time in low pothouses out of the earnings of their children . The vice and immorality springing from such a system are too obvious to rtquire illustration . "

      But the heart gets sick in recording these abeminations ; and yet we have a long and a worse list of them before us . We abstain , at present , from all comment upon them , as we have yet to describe the lamentable sufferings and the abject , squalid , and almost intolerable poverty and destitution of another elass of young females —the lace-runners and tbe lace-menders .

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      REPORT RELATIVE TO THE SYSTEM OF PRISON DISCIPLINE . COPT OP A CIRCULAR LETTER TO CHAIRMEN OF ( iUARTEB SESSIONS , ACCOMPAtiYi ;< G COPY OP PRI 50 J * EULES . Whitehall , January 27 . SIR ., —I have the honour to inform you that I have had under my coasideration the system of prison discipline , and the state , accommodation , and arrangement of the several prisons in England and Wales , so far aa I can judge of them frjm the tenor of the rules now in force , and from the reports of tbe prison inspectors . I have thought it advisble , before I came to any conclusion on a matter of such grave importance , to avail myself of tbe local knowledge aad of tbe general experience of tbe inspectors ef the different prisons of England and Wales , with tbe view of ascertaining what alterations and amendments of these rales may be necessary to effect and to secure the great objects of prison discipline , which are , the prevention of crime , and , as far as human means can avail , the reformation of criminals .

      I have directed that a code of prises rules should be formed , based upon tbe recommendations of the i ispecton . I have carefully considered and revised that code ; and I now forward it to you , with a request that you will call the attention of the magistracy ef your county to it at tbe approaching quarter sessions . I am convinced that it is highly desirable that irnmediate measures should be taken to introduce consistency and the utmost practicable uniformity into the regulations of the different prisons . Where the crime is the | same the punishment inflicted , under tbe operation of . the same law , ought not to vary either is its nature or ; degree . ; It may be said with truth that difference of construction , and in some instances that local peculiarities , or other special circumstances , in tbe sevenl prisons , render strict uniformity of discipline impracticable ; bat ; I am convinced that tbe accompanying regulations , framed as they have been with the greatest care , are , necessary to carry into effect the intentions of tbe legis-; lature , and that they are applicable to every prison j throughout the couatry , whatever may be its siu , con-; ( traction , or situation . U I desire to call the special attention of the maristracy

      \ to those roles which relate to tbe diet ot prisoners . On ! tie proper adjustment of this particular their health | mainly deposds ; asd I am convinced that tbe adoption [ ofthe proposed scales will prevent tbe recurrence of I those complaints which have frequently been preferred , . and in some instances justly preferred , against the prison authorities . It is by no means intended that the precise articles of foed specified in the dietaries sbonld be strictly adhered to in the table which you may adopt ; 1 other kinds of foed , containing an equivalent amount of nutriment , may , with advantage , be substituted , when those articles which have been named are either difficult to be obtained in your neighbourhood , or are conaidered not suited to the customi and habits of the

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      prisoners ; but that quantity of food must , in all cases , be given which is sufficient , though not more than sufficient , to maintain health and strength at a moderate cost ; and , while doe care should be exercised to prevent any approach to luxurious living In a prison , tbe diet ought on oo acceunt to be made an instrument of punishment . I have consulted , not only the prison inspectors , bnt medical men of tbe greatest eminence , possessing the advantage of long experience ; I have carefully revised tbe dietaries now in use , and I have come to the conclusion , — 1 . That animal food should in all cases form part ol tbe diet of prisenen employed at hard labour . 2 . That a considerable portion of tbe food of ererj prisoner should be solid ; aad , 3 . Tbakihere should be variety in the kinds of food torminnM diet , and that occasional changes are

      neces-Tbe dietaries which I now offer for your adoption are framed on these principles , and are upheld by medical science , and by the recommendation of persons on whose authority and knowledge reliance may be placed , bnt they have been framed without reference to tbe local situation of particular prisons , or to any peculiar prisons , or to any peculiar circumstances which may render an increase necessary ; they are , therefore , proposed by me as the minimum amount which can saiely be afforded to prisoners without the risk of inflicting a punishment not contemplated by tbe law , and which it is unjust and cruel to inflict ; namely , loss of health and strength through tbe inadequacy of the food supplied .

      I do not feel that it will be necessary for me to enter into any explanation generally of tbe several rules which I propose for the adoption of the magistrates ; but I wish briefly to call their attention to some points connected with the improvement of prison discipline , which nearly affect the health and moral improvement of the prisoners , which cannot be made the sub ject ef any prison rule , but which are , nevertheless , of urgent importance . 1 allude to the defective ventilation which exists in many prisons , and to tbe slothful habits which are necessarily engendered among the prisoners by the want of artificial light , and by tbe consequent lateness of the hour to which , during tbe winter months , their daily discipline or occupation is deferred .

      I consider it also highly desirable , that in all cases every window of a prison and of each cell eheuld be glazad . Tbe exposure ef the prisoners during inclement seasons to tbe open air is and must be attended with serious results to tbeir health ; and it is impossible that with uugh&sd windows , the uniformity of temperature can be maintained , which is one of the surest safeguards against those diseases by which tbe inmates of a prison are most liable to be attacked , and which to persons in their situation are of a most dangerous character . Medical experience has shown that extremes of heat and of cold , and of defective circulation and supply of pure air , are productive of tbe most prejudical effects upon the health of prisoners ; and that the temperature of a prison ought to range from about 54 deg . to 60 dug . of Fahrenheit

      I strongly recommend , therefore , to the magistrates , that they should take into tbeir immediate consideration both the ventilation and lighting of the prisons under their controul , with the view of introducing such improvements as may be practicable under tbe peculiar circumstances of each prison ; the advice and assistance of Major Jebb , a Government oiBcer will be in all cases available , free of txpense , to aid them in effecting these improvements . My attention has been called to the inadequate nature of the arrangements which are generally in force , for the purpose of providing prisoner j , both adult and juvenile , with religious and moral instruction ; and I am of opinion that in every prison , however small , a person really qualified should be engaged to give elementary instruction to each prisoner for a portion of every day ; and that in the larger prisons one schoolmaster and one schoolmistress should be appointed , and more than one where a greater number may be requisite .

      I think it highly desirable that every prison should be furnished with a certain number of books ef various kinds , calculated to improve the moral * snd religious feelings of the prisoners ; and that tbe books should be selected by tbe visiting magistrates , with the advice of tbe chaplain . I am convinced that , for the due discharge of his important duties , a room within the walls of the prison sbonld in all cases be appropriated to tbe use of the chaplain . As regards the appointment of tbe subordinate officers of a prison , the visiting justices are more peculiarly responsible for the discipline , order , and state of tbe prison under their superintendence ; their constant attendance at tbe prison gives them an intimate knowledge of all that is required of any particular officer ; I am therefore of opinion that it is highly desirable that their recommendation sbonld be taken before any subordinate officer of a prison is appointed by tbe magistrates in quarter-sessions .

      I a ' iso recommend that a plain uniform should be issued to tbe subordinate officers of prisons . The responsibility of these officers will be thereby increased ; they will be marked as persons in authority , and they will be more certainly detected in any breach of tbe discipline of the prison , or in any violation of the duties which are Imposed upon them . I have forberne to exercise the power which is vested in me , as Secretary of State , of introducing into the prison rules now in force tbe alterations and amendments which seem t » me desirable . I have thought it better , in the first instance , to call the attention of the magistrates assembled in Quarter Sessions to

      those alterations which I consider most necessary ; I confidently anticipate the adoption of tbe recommendations which I have offered to them , for 1 know that they are actuated by the sincere desire faithfully to discharge tbeir important duties ; and no trust involves greater public interests than tbe management of the gaols , where , fer tbe sake of example , tbe punishment should be severe , but well regulated , at > d where , for tbe sake of the prisoner , tbe utmost care should ba taken that at the expiration of bis confinement he may leave tbe gaol with his health and strength unimpaired , and with an improved disposition to earn by industry an honest livelihood .

      A wise economy prescribes attentions to these considerations—they cannot be neglected without entailing a permanent increase of charge on tbe county-rate ; but higher and more important objects are in view : the prevention of crime , tbe reformation of offenders , the peace of society , the vindication of th « authority of the law ; and I rely with confidence on the cordial cooperation of the magistracy in my endeavour to promote tbe attainment of objects such as these . I have the honour to be , Sir , Tour obedient servant , J . R . G . GRAHAM . The Chairman of tbe Quarter Sessions of the county of

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      HOUSE OF LORDS—Friday , April 28 . Lord WHARNCLIFFE laid on the table of the House a copy of tbe convention between France and this country , relative to tbe Post-office communications between tbe t wo countries . Lord Campbell moved the second reading of bis bill for facilitating tbe conveyance of real property , by abbreviating tbe legal phraseology and processes . He proposed the adoption of a parliamentary form of conveyance , which might be contained in the compass of a bank-note , and that solicitors should be paid according to the value of their services , and not according to length of documents .

      The Lord Chancellor stated several objections to the bill , which he considered would only be applicable in eases where it would be of little ubb . He objected to a parliamentary form of conveyance , the smallest mistake in which would vitiate the transaction . He , therefore , proposed that tbe bill should be rejected , by tbe common form of being read that day six months . Lords Langdale and Cotte . nham also expressed tbeir objections to the bill , - which was rejected , after some discussion , without a division .

      lloiiDAT , May 1 . Lord Whar > 'Cliffe moved the second reading of the Registration of Voters BilL Lord Brougham admitted the improvements which would be effected by it ; but contended that the principle of annual registration was accompanied with all the evils , without the benefits , of annual election , a point upon which he commented at aome length . Lord Denman acknowledged the great value of the bill , as an improvement of the law ; but commented on tbe clauses directed against personation , which be considered to be objectionable in their provisions , and calculated to interfere with the freedom of election .

      Tbe Lord Chancellor recommended that the discussion of tbe details of the bill should be deferred until it was in committee . Tbe bill was then read a second time .

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      HOUSE OF COMMONS . —Friday , April 28 . It was intimated by Lord Stanley and tbe Lord Mayor , that some of the noblemen and gentlemen connected with the association for emigration to Prince Edward's Island , bad subscribed sums for the relief of tbe disappointed emigrants , and it was hoped that othen would do so likewise . Lord ELIOT , in reply to Mr . Lefroy , said that Ministers were not indifferent to , nor unwatchful of , the agitation in Ireland for tbe Repeal of the Union , which could not be carried on without danger to the public

      peace . Tbe debate on the second reading of the Ecclesiastical Coarts Bill , adjourned over from before tbe Easter recess , was resumed , and , Sir GEORGE Gbet expressed his determination to Tote for the second reading , seeing that the main object of the bill was to carry into effect some of tbe lecommendstions ot the Ecclesiastical Commissioners , and te improve tbe condition of that department of the law . But he should do so , in the hope that bis proposition w » uld be adopted , of referring tbe bill to a select committee , in order that its technicalities

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      might be carefully considered , and its objectionable matter removed . The Ecclesiastical Commissioners had pointed out the evils arising from tbe divided testamentary jurisdiction in the matter of real and personal estate , and the awkwardness , inconvenience , and expense of a man having to go into two separate courts in order to prove the validity of one and the same instrument On this point it Was highly important that a definite understanding should be come to , in order that the law should hereafter be simplified . Another objection was tbe exclusive monopoly of Docton * Commons ; Dr . Luahtugton , who had been one of the Ecclesiastical Commissioners , having recorded bis opinion in favour of the expediency of throwing open tbe courts to common law practitioners . But these and other objections would be more fitly considered hereafter , If his proposition ot a select committee were adopted .

      Tbe Attorney-General remarked on the long continuance of complaint on tbe subject of the defects and inconvenience of the Ecclesiastical Courts , These complaints were illustrated by the number , not merely of active but of dormant jurisdictions , as in the case of peculiars , by which a jurisdiction in nbeyance , might be revived to defeat the adjudication of a disputed case . He entered at oonsidsrable length into details in defence of the BUI , pointing ont tbe number and conflicting decisions of the many Provincial Courts , and tbe importance of concentrating them ; and contended that tbe Bill exhibited a great improvement on tbe recommendations of the Ecclesiastical Commissioners , by creating a Central and Supreme Court . Amongst other reasons in favour of the measure , was the importance of maintaining a body of learned civilians versant in international law .

      Lord Robert Qrosvenor expressed himself as a Btrenuous friend of legal reform , but stated his objections to tbe Bill , such as the perpetuation of the monopoly of the practitioners in Doctors' Commons , and other defects , which would defeat the good intended by it . Sir James Graham and tbe Attorney-General interposed some explanations , and then Air . Fitzkoy pointed out the hardships which would inevitably be inflicted by tbe centralisation of tbe registry of wills . Mr . Newdigate , Sir George Strickland , and Mr . COLLETT ( Lincoln ) , followed with similar objections to centralisation , the latter Gentleman expressing his regret that the Government bad not made this an open question , and thus have spared him the awkwardness of opposing them .

      Dr . Eh'Hinstone commented on the number of provincial courts , amounting to 372 , almost all of them conflicting in their decisions , yet the entire number having to deal with tbe administration of personal property to an extent of at least forty-two millions annually . Bnt by fixing the minimum of litigious jurisdiction at £ 300 , the present Bill made goed law fur the rich and bad law for the poor ; nor could be see the objection to giving the same court jurisdiction in realty as well as personalty . He adduced some other objections to the Bill , which he recommended should be divided into three parts , and attentively considered and amended in committee . Otherwise be supported tbe BllL

      Mr . Escott avowed his regret and reluctance to oppose tbe Bill . But his determination had been strengthened by the objections which be bod beard urged against it ; and one main objection which he had against it was , that it was n measure of inadequate reform , and , therefore , would prove unsatisfactory and insufficient Sir James Graham bad said that he would blush for shame if personal interests led the House to reject the Bill ; but if he blushed , it must be for tbe inefficiency of his own arguments . Tbe House did not sit to register the reports of commissions , even though signed by the names of high dignitaries ; and he objected to the total abolition of the testamentary con'tentious jurisdiction of tbe diocesan courts , to the destruction of the business of provincial practitioners , and to tbe Increase of expenee by its transfer to London . «

      Mr . Granville Vernon adduced his official experience in favour of tbe bill , and against the existing state of tbe law . At Chancellor of tbe Province , and Judge of the Prerogative Court of York , he was cognizant of the conflicting character of the decisions of the inferior courts , and stated aome of the many practical abuses which called for remedy , and w « uld meet with it under the present measure , which he hoped would be rendered conducive to public advantage . Mr . T . DUNCOMijE , after some amusing comments on Mr . Vernon ' a speech , declared bis opinion to be in favour of an entire abolition of all Ecclesiastical Courts , and the transference of their powers to the Civil Courts . He therefore objected to the bill , though on grounds very diffecent from those which had moved Sir R . H .

      luglis against it . He agreed with Colonel Sibthorp in thinking it " a Doctors' Commons job , " though such epithet would not have come from his side of the house . The Ecclesiastical Courts were described by aome petitioners as a disgrace to a free people , some amusing instances of wbicb , he produced , as the case of the owners of a public-bouse , which encroached on the churchyard , and subjected thorn to an expensive suit for " brawling , " and also au unrepoaled statute which subjects a » offender for " smiting , " to have hia ear cut off , and if he had no ears , to be branded on tbe forehead with tbe letter F . But tbe Ecclesiastical Courts Bill bad been useful in calling public attention to tbe nuisance , and , along with the Factories Bill , had roused a sletpinc lion .

      Sir Robert Peel tivuted that the House would not be led by tbe opinions of men whose opinions were so discordant , to resist a great improvement of tbe lawan improvement embodying what had been proposed by Lord Stowell , so fur back as 1812 , when be represented tbe University of Oxford . More especially was he surprised that Mr . T . Duncombe should object to a bill which , for the first time , proposed to relieve him from bis apprehension of having an ear cut off or being branded on tbe forehead . The Government had been threatened with tbe peril which they encountered in carrying forward this bill But they had been quite aware that in carrying forward such a reform they roused up against them private interests , which , however , he hoped would not influence the House ; those

      wbo complained that tbe Bill did not go far enough , should pass it into committee , and endeavour to extend its provisions . The highest authorities , ecclesiastical and judical , had recommended tbe reforms now undertaken by the Government ; and if the House now rejected tbe Bill , let it oease to taunt Ministers with reluctance to introduce measures of improvement . When the amelioration of the criminal law , and the improvement of tbe civil law , bad been undertaken , as measures of progressive reform , it bad been urged that the ecclesiastical law should not escape ; it had hitherto escaped , but , whatever might be the fate of the present proposition , he declared , "So help him God , " that no corrupt motive bad influenced the Government

      Mr . La bow cu ere having presided over inquiries which recommended these reforms , supported the bill as condemnatory of the existing system , and in the hope of leading to farther modifications of the present measure . Mr . Hume was also prepared to support the bill , though he agreed that it did not go far enough . Captain Gladstone could not vote against tbo second reading , though objecting to some of its provisions . Sir H . W . Barron cordially supported the bill . It remedied gross abuses in England , of which the counterparts existed in Ireland . Mr . Roebuck , admitting the evils requiring to be pulled down , would vote for the second reading , bat objected to tbe constructive portion of the bill . On a division , the second reading was carried by 186 to 104 . MONDAY , May 1 .

      Lord Stanley announced that on Monday week he will move a resolution with the view of introducing tbe Canadian Corn Bill . Sir James Graham moved that tbe House should go into committee pro forma on the Factories BilL On tbe motion that the Speaker should leave the chair for the commitment of this bill , Sir James Graham rose to state , tbe alterations which Government proposed to introduce into it . After adverting to tbe excitement which it had produced in tbe country , he referred to tbe objection made against it on account of its sudden and simultaneous operation , which objection he answered by referenece to the checks provided in its 64 th and 65 th sectioRB . He next proceeded to the objections of the Wesleyan body ,

      which be considered as having been stated in tbe fairest manner , and as being entilted to tbe highest consideration from tbe praiseworthy efforts made by that body for the advancement of education . He accordingly specified the alterations which he intended to propose in regard to those objections . Tbe first would be , the allowance of a liberty to the parents in the selection of Sunday Schools . Another would relate to the hours of attendance at the Statute School , for the pnrpose of instruction in the Catechism and Liturgy of tbe Church , which hours be proposed to arrange for tbe convenience of those who might desire to have tbeir children exempted from that attendance . The parent would also be relieved from the perhaps invidious obligation which the bill ia its present shape

      imposed upon him , of declaring that be bad a ground of religious objection ; and besides the Sunday , a time would be allowed on each week-day for the attendance of the chilldren not belonging to the Church upon the instruction of tbe licensed minister or other authorised teacher whom tbeir pareuta might wish them to attend . A provision would likewise be made for the Roman Catholics , wbo object to the reading of the Scriptures in their entire form . With respect to the trustees , he would propose that instead of leaving the second churchwarden to be nominated by the clerical trustee , the bill should give a right of election to those persons who should have beeu donors or subscribers of a

      certain amount to tbe school . The remaining four trustees be proposed t > constitute through tbe election of ratepayers assessed at £ 10 ; but in order to prevent the minority from being unrepresented , he would propose that no . ratepayer should be allowed to vote for more than two of these four trustees . The appointment of tbe head-master of tbe school be would leave with the Bishop , but all tbe assistants should be appointed by the trustees . He would give to &Oy one trustee a power of appealing to the Committee of Privy Council against the acts of bis colleagues ; and he would suggest some enlargements in the powers of the Privy Council . Tbe alterations which be bad thua propounded

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      were in strict consistence with the principle of the bill as be bad originally opened it , as well as with the respect which was due to tbe conscientious feeling of the Dissenters . If this important measure , brought forward by Government , and treated with singular forbearanoe by tbeir opponents , sbonld , with all these advantages , fail to obtain the public approval , be feared that the chance ef concord and conciliation would be gone by , and that a spirit of antagonism and bitterness would long prevail throughout this country . He deprecated such a controversy , and referred to the great Christian test , " that ye love one another ; " but he feared that the seorner might in these days point to some professing Christians , and lay , "See bow these men bate one another I" This biU ' jwas tbe olive-branch which he had to tender , and he trusted that tbe waters ef strife would now be found subsiding .

      Lord John Russell concurred in the hope that this BUI would be discussed with calmness . Meanwhile be begged it might be remembered that when general education was first attempted In the country through tbe agency of Mr . Lancaster , the Protestant Dissenters were the foremost to aid it , both with their exertions and with tbeir contributions . And yet he understood that one section of tbe church was at this day treating those Dissenters with suspicion and obloquy ; and under that sort of reproach it could not be matter of surprise if tbe education clauses in thu Bill were received with some alarm . He considered tbe alterations now proposed as being a more efficacious fulfilment of tbe original design

      of tbe Government , rather than as any departure from that design ; but for the present he must observe upon them , that the necessity of having the schoolmaster a member of tbe Church would , as to all the masters amount to a test and a disqualification ; and that the principle of election just announced would still leave tbe Dissenting trustees in a minority at . the Board , even though , as was the case in some of the manufacturing districts , their constituents might be a large majority ot the rate-payers . Ho would , however , consider this Bill with a hope of effectually accomplishing its objects , which were matter of much more importance to the poor of this country than to any political party .

      Sir R . H . Inglis abstained from pronouncing any opinion at the present stage of the proceedings . Dr . BOW ring declared bis determination to . oppose the Bill , which bad been originally framed to conciliate those who , like Sir . ft . Inglis , were bent on Church-of-Englandising the community . Mr . Ewart said the Bill proposed a scheme of education far too complicated to be carried into successful operation . It would have beea wiser if tbe Government bad merely increased the annual education vote , and had not meddled with the tbeoligical portion of the system which they now proposed . Mr . Gally Knight considered that tbe Bill , as now modified , was in accordance with the opinions expressed in tog petitions which had been presented . Perfect religious equality could not prevail in a country with an Established Church .

      Mr . Hawes admitted that great concessions had been made by the proposed alterations , but considered that tbe value of the Government scheme of education was a matter to be reserved for after consideration . Mr . Milner Gibson thought it veiy unfortunate that Parliament should meddle with religious instruction at all . Tbeir business was to take care of . secular education , and leave religious to the pastors of the different denominations to which the children in tbe schools might belong . After a few observations from several members , Sir James Graham Baid it was bis intention to adhere to tbe clauses of the Bill , which limited tbe employment of children under thirteen . years of age , to six hours and a half .

      After some observations from Mr . P . Scrope and Lord Dunsannon , tbe latter of whom praised the Government for tbeir proposed scheme , and also Sir James Graham for the liberality of his sentiments , tbe Bill was ordered to be committed on tbe 22 d inst . The House then proceeded to the other orders of tbe day , the first of which was the Irish Municipal Corporations Bill , en which the Irish Attorney-General , Mr . T . B . C . Smith , made what may be termed a maiden speech , consisting of details in defence of the Bill . After some discussion , it was read a second time . On the proposition for going into a Committee of Supply , on some items remaining over for further discussion ,

      Mr . T . Duncombe called attention to tbe great increase in the law expenses of tbe Government . The expanses of the recent special commissions , upwards of £ 17 , 000 , had not been fully explained . He considered that it ought to be referred to a select committee , in order to inquire and report . Sir G . Clerk gave some explanation of the subject , but Mr . Francis Bari . vo pointed out some discrepancies requiring explanation , which brought up Sir George Clerk again , and the matter was allowed to pass .

      Some ether business of a routine nature followed , and then Mr . Murpht obtained leave to bring in a bill to amend an act passed in the last session of Parliament , intituled " An Act to enable Grand Juries at the ensuing Summer and Spring Asaires t » make certain presentments in counties of cities and towns in Ireland , and to remove doubts as to tbe jurisdiction of j tint ices of tbe peace in places recently annexed to counties at large in Ireland . " Mr . Escott called the attention of the Secretary of State for the Home Department to the fees demanded from defendants in misdemeanours at the assiz ; s ; and moved for returns of all fees taken or demanded from

      defendants by clerks of assize and clerks of the peace in the several counties of England and Wales , at the last two assizes and the four last sessions of the peace , as well as at any special commissions held within the last or present year . He mentioned some instances of abuse arising out of the practice to which be called attention . Sir JAMES Graham expressed bis surprise at tbe statements made by Mr . ESCOTT . Tbe returns were ordered after a brief discussion .

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      HORRIBLE OCCURRENCE AT EISEY . ( From the Wilts Independent . J A labouring man , named . Isaac Litten , belonging to the parish of Eisey , with his wife and four children , having been ejected from their cottage , were sheltering on the uight of Friday , the 21 st instant , in a miserable hut which they had constructed of hurdles and straw covered with a piece of cotton patchwork , in Golden Rose-lane , ia the above parish , when about half-past ten o ' clock , the fire not being properly extinguished , the place ignited- Litten and his wife escaped unhurt , leaving three of the children , aged respectively , five ,

      seven , and ten years , in the flimes , without making any attempt to rescue them . Before any assistance arrived tbe poor children were burnt to death . On examining the ground where the fire took place some blood was discovered . Thin excited suspicion , and on examination of the bodies , the skull of one of them was found to be fractured . This added to the suspicious nature of tbe circumstances , and tbe father was immediately apprehended . About nine months ago a child belonging to tbe same person waa fouud drowned in a ditoh near tbe same place ; suspicion at that time fell on the pa rents .

      A very fearful sensation of course prevailed in tbe neighbourhood , and in expectation of tbe coroner , a very large number of highly respectable persons assembled oo Tuesday . James Crovrdy , Esq ., one of our magistrates , was present , giving such valuable directions as tbe horrible and intricate nature of tbe transaction required . Tbe jury were sworn in a cottage adjoining the lane , and after making a very minute examination of the bodies , and of the spot where they were burnt , adjourned to Mr . Pinniger ' s , of Seven Bridges farm , to take evidence .

      Tbe father , Isaac Litten , after being cautioned that any statement he made would be taken down and used as evidence against him , said—I lived for the last fortnight in the lane . I went to bed about a quarter past eight on Friday night—my wife was not laid down . I came from Wheeler ' s , where I went to ask him' to take us in , as tbe policeman had told us we must move . There bad been a fire about a yard and a half from the entrance . It was out when I went to bed , and had been ever since seven o ' clock . I undressed niyseff and got into bed . We burn no candle . I and my wife

      slept just inside tbe tent , and the children beyond us . About ten I was awoke by the falling of fire . I jumped up , raa out , and took bold of tbe covered hurdle to pull it off the children . Tbe hurdles fell together , so that I could not find them . My wife ran for assistance , and in about five minutes Richard Wheeler came , and in about ten minutes afterwards we found the children . I never heard them cry , nor saw them struggle . Tbe dogged indifference with which tbis statement was made , combined with the low , brutal appearance of the man , caused a general feeling of horror in tbe jury-room .

      The mother , Martha Litten , said—I and my children went to bed about eight My husband was not in . I covered up the fire with the bricks . He came in about nine with a lighted caudle . I was lying down with my baby on my arm . I saw him on bis knees . He did not get into bed . I fell asleep , and was awoke by some noise . My husband said " Damn thee , tbee be ' st all a fire ; " he was then getting off tbe bed ; be ran out and I followed as soon aa I could . I did not hear the children scream ; I ran away to call for belp with my baby , and did not see him do anything . Richard Wheeler came with me . When I left the fire was only burning ou that part which covered us ; it was not burning where tbe children were .

      Richard Wheeler—When I came foam my work on Friday evening last , Isaac Litten was sitting in my house in Golden Rose-lane about eight o ' clock . , He told me the policeman said he must remove from the lane , or else they should take him before the magistrate ; be asked me if I could take him in and his family , so that they might He down . I told him I could not , as there was only one room in the house . He said I might have the hurdles . I said I only wanted my own ; I should wish him to bring them . He said that be would not remove a single thing , and that he would set fire to it all fint Soon after he went away , and took nothing with him from my bouse . I then went to bed , and about ten o'clock , as near as I can tell , I was awakened by tbe screams of a woman , I jumped out of bed , and unfastened the window , and

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      saw a light as if it | was burning ; I put paH . of clothes on , and ran to the spot , which Is about « i » H yard from my cottage , and in the adjoining parUhS Eisey . I found the camp was down , and on faT , saw Isaac and Martha Litten . The latter was inst about crying for assistance . Isaac was stooping a ^ apparently looking for something . I asked him wh « I the poor dear children were . He pointed to the * r !? and Baid- ^ there . I then begged him to move the * h » away , that I might seo where they were . I tJ , ?* them out , they were much burnt , and quite a ^ a About two o'clock Mr . Pinniger and John Ball eim and assisted me to remove the bodies into an « ntboBM * Mr . Parker , surgeon , Crickdale , said he had « mined the children , and found the eldest child » u girl about ten or eleven yean old ; she waa ¦ nry ' mtl burnt , and in examining the head , he perceived a » n fracture of the skull on the left side , which mnathT * been produced by a terrible blow , as a part of the ika » was destroyed , which injury was sufficient to «« death . On Wednesday , tbe 26 th instant , I u ^* further examination of the body of the elder child * found the niembrance covering the brain scorched im burnt , from being exposed , by the loss of the aXi thereforb I am of opinion that the blow was reeei before the body waa removed from the fire . Th « ^ : children were much burnt ; but I cannot say toat ^! blow on the skull of the eldest was received » Mu living . " ^ Mr . , assistant of Mr . Taylor , very ably corro ! - rated Mr . Parker's statement in all its material pointT ami fcwu uiuor wikucsava Ltnj JJOITlun

      ouyyui a Of Alduui Wheeler's assertions , but neither of them conjijjr tbat the father made or bad appeared to have msd « S effort to save the children . After a very protneS deliberation , the Jury returned a verdict , " That iteZ Litten wilfully set his tent or camp on fire , therdbv causing the death of his three children . " ^ The verdict was received with great satisfaction in surrounding inhabitants , many of whom were waitin to hear the decision . ' ^ Much dissatisfaction was expressed at the conduct rf the policemen who were in attendance , and a ie J » ef complaint was addressed to tbe chief constable a » tbe subject . *

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      From the London Gazette of Friday , April J 8 . BANKRUPTS . Edmund Coll ings , Southampton , perfumer , torarro der May 10 , at twelve , June a , at half-past twel « , rt the Court Bankruptcy ; solicitors , Mr . Neal ,. Token , house-yard ; official assignee , Mr . Alsager , Birehia . lane . ¦ . ¦' - John Reynolds , Londen-road , Surrey , draper , Ma ; g , at half-past ten . June 9 , at one , at the Court & Bankruptcy ; solicitor , Messrs . Sole and Sole , Ai d * raanbnry ; official assignee , Mr . Whitaioie , BasingoaQ street William Gofton , Gilbert-street , Oxford-street , tad Farringdon-street , pawnbroker , May 6 . Jane 9 , it twelve , at the Court of Bankruptcy ; solicitors , Mwai Harrison and Dobree , Hart-street , Bloomsbury ; cffidil assignee , Mr . Pennell ,

      William Datton Townsend , Little Raaell-streei , Covent-garden , pawnbroker , May 9 , at half-past one , June 8 , at eleven , at tbe Court of Bankruptcy ; solicitor , Mr . As-prey , Fumival ' n-inn ; official auigoee , Mt Graham , Basinghall-street Benjamin Crussell , Croydon , Surrey , glaas ^ eal * , May 8 , at eleven , June 9 , at twelve , at the Court < & Bankruptcy ; solicitors , Messrs . Russell and Co , Southwark ; official assignee , Mr .. Green , Aldenni * bury . George Hammond , sen ., Havant , Hampshire , canmon-brewer , May 8 , at one , June 9 , at eleven , tt the Court of Bankruptcy ; solicitors , Messrs . Staniland ud Long , Bouverie-street ; official assignee , Mr . Green , Aldermasibury .

      Nathaniel Bromley , Little Bentley , Essex , maltster , May 16 , at half-past one , June 10 , at half-pist twelve , at the Court of Bankruptcy ; solicitor , Mr . M » we , Bridge-street , Black friars ; official assignee , Mi , Edwards , Frederick ' s-plaoe , Old Jewry . Henry Pearson , York , attorney-at-law , May 10 , at eleven , at the District Court , Leeds ; soUriton , Mr . Brooks , Featherstone-buildiogs ; Mr . Hodgson , York ; and Mr . Bond , Leeds ; official assignee , Mr . Young , Leeds . Nicholas Tuite , Liverpool , wholesale poulterer , May 13 , at twelve , June 12 , at elevtn , at the District Court , Liverpool ; solicitors , Messrs . Cuvelle and C& , Southampton-buildings ; and Mr . Thompson , Lirerpool ; official assignee , Mr . Turner , Liverpool .

      William Carter , Bur ford , Shropshire , cattle saleaaaa , May 8 , June 8 , at half-past twelve , at the Birmiogbaa District Court ; solicitors , Messrs . Price and Edwardi , Tenbnry , Worcestershire ; and Mr . Cnilis , Birmingham official assignee , Mr . Whitniore , Birmingham . John Fletcher * , Eveshain , Worcestershire , plnmbtt , May 10 , June 2 , at one , at the Birmingham DUtriet Court ; solicitors , Messrs . Celmore and Beale , Birmingham ; official assignee , Mr . Valpy , Birmingham . Jesse Prime , Keele , Staffordshire , maltitar , May 10 , June 16 , at eleven , at tbe Court of Bankruptcy , Birmingham ; solicitor , Mr . Jones , Newcastle-under-Lyme , official assignee , Mr . Valpy , Birmingham . William Moses , Ripon , Yorkshire , innkeeper , May »( at one , May 23 , at twelve , at the Leeds District Court ; solicitor , Mr . Blackburn , Leeds ; official assignee , Mi . Fearne , Leeds .

      William Hussey , Nether Knutsford , Cheshire , bak « i May 16 , at half-past twelve , June 2 , at iweUe , at tbe Manchester District Court ; solicitors , Mr . Cole , Addphi-terrace , Strand ; and Messrs . Roscoe , KDaUforl ; official assignee , Mr . Stanway , Manchester . Michael Jackson , 8 t Andrew Auckland , Durban . miller . May 22 , June 16 , at eleven , at the Newcastleupon-Tyne BankrnptB Court ; solicitors , Mr . Grim * Raymond ' s-buildinga ; and Mr . Trotter , Bishop Auclland ; official assignee , Mr . Baker , Newcastle-apofr Tyne . John Whitehouse Showell , Birmingham , bookseller . May 6 , at eleven , June 1 « , at half-past eleven , at t « Birmingham District Court ; solicitor , Mr . J »

      partnerships dissolved . F . Burnham and B . Bolton , Kingston-upon-Hal builders . J . Greenwood and R . Wilson , Halifax , M * ners . Thomas Rawson and Co ., Sheffield , or elsewhere common brewers , as far aB regards H ., T-, » od ¦** Eyre . J . and T . Galloway , Manchester , paper-stainer Hamilton , Jackson , and C * ., Liverpool , merchants .

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      From the Gazette of Tuesday , April 2 . BANKRUPTS . Adam Holloway , draper , Basingstoke , HampsM ' ^ surrender , May 9 , at one , and June 9 , at eleven , » t »" Court of Bankruptcy ; solicitor , Smith , Gold « n-ta , a »« i offieial assignee , Belcher . ,. Robert Griffiths , coal merchant , Nine-elms , May » . * twelve , and June 9 , at one , at the Court ° " ^~ ~ ruptcy ; solicitors , Wilkinson and Satchel ! , Queenstreet , CheapsWe ; official assignee , PeDflelL Charles Bunyard , grocer , Nelson-place , Old *«» road , May 12 , at two , and Jane 14 , at three , at u » Court of Bankruptcy ; solicitor , Kempster , Kenntagw * cross ; official assignee , Lackington , Coleruan-strew buildings . , „ ..

      John Nichols and Frauds William NiehoU , earner * Dorchester , May 10 , and June 8 , at one , at the w of Bankruptcy ; solicitor , Brookes , GreatJame * " ?** Bedford-row ; official assignee , G . Gibson , . Baa" > S 0 » u fltroctw John Crow , licensed victualler . North-end , ? dW > May » , at three , and June 2 , at two , at the <*« f Bankruptcy ; solicitors , Pollock and Co ., Gf «« *** street , Westminster ; official assignee , Johnson , b *»^ bail-street . ... f . « it John Allan , brewer , Clapham , May 9 , at WM-p-j one , and June 2 , at twelve , at the Court of » f * S , solicitors , Miller and Carr , East-Cheap ; official aw « Johnson , Baeinghall-street nJ , m ' & Charles Milns Nicholson , eorn-dealer , New w » change , Mark-lane , May 9 , at half-part two , »» * 2 , at one , at the Court of Bankruptcy ; a ^ ftaJL dall , Welbeck-street , Cavendish-square ; offldH •»«•

      nee , Johnson , Baainghall-straet iidntft Wm . Harringten , linen-draper , Hign-rtreet , £ «*^ May 12 , at one , and June 14 , at two , at toe t ^** Bankruptcy ; solicitors , R . and W . Aldetthaw , iw ^ house-yard ; Craig , Braintree , Essex ; official ass *— Johnson , Basinghall-street . x ( , » it Samuel Bateman , factor , Birmingham , ^ JJm one , June 21 , at eleven , at the Birmingham "" "V Court ; solicitor , Wbateley , Birmingham ; official * - ' nee , Christie . ,, jme Gustavus Wolff , banker , Liverpool , May \ ° > 0 , 13 , at eleven , at the Liverpool District Court ' sharP ( , tors , Easterby , Preston ; Arcber , Liverpool ;»" " «" Staple Inn ; official assignee , FoUett , Hrerpooi-

      3£Ttu&Gt;*Rtal A9arttameut.

      3 £ ttu >* rtal a 9 arttameut .

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      James Wylie , the Draughts Plater . — . ju . extraordinary youth , who may be said to be theNv poleonofthe draughts board , in the course of jt peregrinations alighted in this place last week , and was not long in drawing around him all the asri rants to skill at the game in the bargh . IwX however , all efforts , none could gain a march nm him ; he yras found to be alone and unapproachabW Wylie unites the capacity of pedlar with his £

      « brity as a draaghts player , and is thereby enatSt while going across the country , to exercise his won derful gift . He is a diffident , unpretending lad and would be the last person in the world to be taken for what he is . Hia striking simplicity of character affords the more striking contrast to his shrewdnea at the board . We believe he is engaged to pl » y fo . short time a great match at Glasgow , for £ 200 aside with Mr . Anderson , of Carluke , who ishisoDlvri ™ in Scotland . —Kelso Chronicle .

      An Inquest was held upon the body of a little girl , aged five years , who died from starvation m the road side near Llangefni , North Wales , W week . It appears that her father was unable to pr » cure employment , and had applied to therelieriM officer in the parish , who gave him one shilling , uj told him to be off about his business , and not " troabls him again . The consequence was that the father had nothing to give his children , one of whom died for want of proper food .

      Jsanftruptg, 5rc.

      JSanftruptg , 5 rc .

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      * THE NORTHERN STAR

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), May 6, 1843, page 6, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct649/page/6/