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Northern Star (1837-1852), 29th April 1843, Edition 3 of 5, Page 7

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      EMIGBATION . - ^ gEBE TO , A ^* D H OW TO PROCEED . fJ I 0 EB TSBOVGB A POBTIOS OF CANADA , JOl ^ TD SZTSBiJ , OP ^ THE STiTES OF HOBTH J * £ BICA- TABTICU 1-AHXT THB STATES OT ^ SSiCHCSETTS , BHODB 1 SLASD , SEW TOEK , VCT MIlTAX ' lAj OHIO . MICHIGAN , ILLINOIS , tnSCOSS 15 ' - A ^ D XEW JKRSET . TNDERIAXEJJ TTIIB A TTEW OP ASCKBTAIKISG TBS DE-^ B XBn . ITT- ^' OTHKBWTSE . OF EHIGIUTIOH 5 XB TO JUDGE OF THB BEST I ^) CaTJON , FOB J 5 GLISH & UGZZSTS , T&OX ACTPAX OBSEBTATIOSgy liWBEXCE PITKBTTT 1 . Y , csf SnaflpraBeld . / CbnS nucd / nwj < mr fasf week ' s paper . ) JOTJBNAL . —DESCRIPTION OF BOSTON . ¦ ^^^^^^^^ ^

      ifhsflth of the dty is enied from every part in .-sawn jewels ; the streets are-well swept , and kept in ** f » Tsir : there % eing a aty tax for these purposes . f *~ . se ^ r f ihe J *«« l » KB ^ EneaaOjjaTed -with a snail ffwW ^ teli iBStexa rf fia ? S ; ********* & Th cut granite , » nS look exceeding welL There aw * Ln « biaa to be * een , nor is pi ^ -feedlng allowed ^ jjjntJie coBSBES of tbB dty . A contrac tnr pays a " ^ sbb ior £ * b broken or left meat of the -who ) e of Sirisabilants ; and it is carted a few miles from the ^ t-ind triDdpiaiy 0 ? * in-feeding-pigs . The money nS . ' -taia k > m Into lie city Tond , and 15 expended in

      ifl % -r ^_ » •»__ ^ . » , „— A moTi-QT ^ i T > , q , Vnj _ * hrrep * ff of tbe streets and sewers . Tha filth bein $ m eojMfleiely carried off , there is consequently no * £ !* , nor any stagnant -water ; but all is clean and fSrhfni Many of the shops hare two doors j and not "fr ^ f them cross a -whole division , 01 block of bnildtan / from street to street . They are lighted from the L ^ Wlae middle part , and have , of course , two-fronts , !— to bm& of t ° e itr * 613- ^ rhB ¦ Ne w Market is a * pienja<taWsg . 489 feet Ion * , with shops en « aeh side of *^ 3 TOjs age , -irhich runs throngb its -whole length . * J *^ ri £ tiB well stocked -with all kinds of provisions ^^ j ^ jjnes . Above the stsikei are shops and warecf

      •^ Thanes sre finest I ever saw * beautiful -j ^ jbSij , Itebt form , active , docile , and powerful Ska-Jit ilso-a peculiar sort of dray made here , conjSb * « f t * o * °° S beams of -wood 2 i or 25 feet in {? 5 ? rbMna together in a particular manner , -sritb vaL sifiwrt ^ tonces . Upon these is placed a row of g [*» or ISM- * , without any other fastening than a fgTin e&th if tee holes , to keep them at a proper SL . W-. Kfroo rollingbackward or f orward . ^ roitrB ^ " » ittltteTEI 7 til 6 an aad respectable ap-_ anBBeti as » iiibabitsnt 8 iii ^ en « aL They mostly dress l ^ hT fbarETiaiTemsikably clean ; andlhe mechanics t ^ te& to ** ° * *^ middle class . 1 was also il 2 [ -tiflj tbs sisul&rity of their form andfeatnrea , * Kgbsn sieger and ysrarthy -, odb might almost iaa-% * Ifljem toba all of one family . The gentlemen , the

      -eejaffloand tbeU * onrers , -worelight , straw , -willow , -psta-fesf , or platted or -troTe hata ^ -which , to me , ipf-i noTeltj , ana in my opinion , a great improTejiSonbliik . oi indeed any kind of stofi ^ hat * . IThe jjiflaof hstsellin ? seemad to be carried to the greatest ffirme of eompeUtioa ; rows of hats were hung from &e to ? to the bottsin of the braidings in Tery many Jnstoeevwith signs to read , extendine also from top to I ^ aom -with edge outward to catch the eye ef the pasjgrJjy . Aithe sfeops wh 2 refnrnitare isaold , a anmber d chairs are fixed in front of the building ; and at jjtcet into which tiey ha-w te ascend by steps , theyjMBt * n the front of the said shops , a list of the articles dealt in . 32 k esthrg bemxs azs aesriy aB in eelhis , or , as they hare it , basements , to -which there segenBraDy three entrances .

      ¦ My friends , John and James Mitchell , formerly of Paisley , shoemakers , iot bow of this city , manufacturers t £ mUhsts , were efceediu ? Jnod and obliging ; they jbowed roe all flat was interesting in and around the eiy . ihis day- a company of Tolnnteers arriTed from Hvjlsnd ; haying , in compliment to their commander jc £ osi » nied Mm so far en the -way to Salem , a Jjiile to the north of the cizy , on a -viat to bis Ttla-Sm ; they haltsd on the « ommon , " a heantifnl piece rf ponnd interspersed with -walks , trees ana -water . Bsre . tosy encsmptd . The Tolonteer corps of the eity iinited them to entertainments of Tarions kinds ; and » Ms 6 they were bei g thus entertained , one or other of the

      ^ Use eoapsnies city Tohmteers turned out to 3 afei 7 * t tfce camp j so that all thB local jmilitary ttbs is moSon . Oae ^ ay they bad a general re-new , Tbsa * bige concourse of the citizscs assembled to wltisbiit ^ the same day they fired -what is called " a jKEi- 'Hiti essn&s . A ronnd is not 21 ^ nna as in S ^ sni jtet fee munber of States in the Union . 1 fcji sat jL . -azh time to derote to these matters , bul io ^ sf ins so interesting as the fact that these braTe TtoteeaTreie kept and clothed at iheir men expence Js&es ^ s cbjdct of defeodlsg the rights andindepenflgatll tbHT common coontry—thai they were genen 2 j fasdausen and tradesmen ' s boiib -who thus stood farodfewpalriotic si purpose .

      SaMHrsrs . Miuiid ^ s took me to see that splendid jBdfohmed bnilding , j-wherein the citizens , jn the wnsiltiaa , met to consult and resolve— in fact , lias they taiaacted all that -was important to tbe city £ sB £$ liESeTolntion , 2 mean the Tunnel TTnTi , -which » b jraaested totha d ^ by ^ tfce then proprietor , ilr . ijam ^ iPraaJi gentlemen , from whom it takes its "aa&jlt i » bow the depositbry of the arms afid ao-* oslre » a ! t » ef all the companies of -rolnstsen in tbe jdiy / f&diais desgztated as foDosrsr—Tbe ** Greys , " Tanq tbeaafiful uniform « f that eolonp ,

      riefclyorna-~ VsaM ; "Wtihmrton'Benard ; " " Boston light in-1 B& 7 J - "Efi- Bangers ; * " lancers" { mounted ); hdepeodeatPnsiliers ; " three or fonr companies at Qsdatoirn , and four Artillery cempanies , besides a . TsJcaieer eomjany at Brxburgji , and others in the fr- """"^? oiriricu . The procession of the Maryland « sp » 7 i with all the dty Tolnnteer * , accompanied by 8 a 6 t > TOmor ef fte State ( DaTies ) , the Mayor and BSanSa of the city , the naval and military officers , « £ it , from the Common to the Pennel HaB , "was -hsjimpoaag . 3 Sq- afterwards dined together in tbe 5 iH ^ a HaQ of liberty .

      wibsbbat , Atgtst 3 rd—I got my trunks in-^ Sed and taken to the lodgings I had procured . Iffltiajitl went toseTeial places with my friends , the ^* dls , and staid too late for the Qnvhanrt boyti * fiwa » , at -which I had agrfeed -with the first mate »* op , ii being kept by Ms sister ; I , therefore , ac-< 2 P"afcd my two friends , and alept at their lodgings ™ teakf *« ed with them- I was introduced to » Mr . Sssa , l ^ eof Paisley , aa old acgoaintance . I -was also oaMaeed loaatmde of my frienda , Uie Mitchells . He

      eep * « n ertensm le&ther and fimaMng atore ^ He is MoiBBjarmtbe United States army , and haa * com-^ "n at * . He formerly B-red at Proridenee , and ^^ Vpnre democrat , - when tie ixie " phymeal force " SBBptstsefonn-wasmadeinBhodelaiand , be-went « w » d eawred ttie lists with his party , and was w » n *** prisona . a foriBaJ application being made for S »^?*^ ^^ ground that he did not belong to «» Sat 6 , he wasset at Ebertyj bat in a few 4 ays a j ™*» 3 » M lHJdetO the GoTexnorof Massachusetts to f ™ ^ am « P } "Which , howerar , vaa uot complied

      Scffle cfwaiemaia passengars obtained aituaaons * ° ?* 7 . 4 i did also Borne of the men . ^* ¥ « ajai » a , on entering the JBay of Boston , to ¦* «» differHaca in the appearance of the Yankee * " *»» fran eras , they fceing built for riTer tiaffio , or ™™ 7 topping in the Bay . Sliey haTe two 4 eeks , ^ "ro fnnnels , of a peculiar form . In many other P ™* flay we quite dissimilar t « « nrs . n " ^ 116 * custom-house , in course of erection , stands **» ¦ bod of the principal wharf , and will be a J ** = ™ bnuam g-Bfcea completed . Itis oblong , extend"s ^ whole wiofib Df tbe basin , with a row of granite "Pnoa , o ! lmaenas dinmnirionji erztmfiinB xmnna tlie is of

      ^ e bailamg each column composed one solid ¦«* . The ioflding is all of granite , which is pro" «< no great distance froa the « ity . It can be cat |* ° *« a blocks , of any siza . The front of tiks Mew ** f ™« e > as principal Hotel , and other bandings , the ^¦ hT *** * ° P ' "'fareheuses , &c , are all built w » iaBxaBi Bfit 0 D& Tiie jj ^ g ^ gyg alK > j ^ , ^ with f ^ . " ^ of fee city from the top of tbe State * " * a truly interesting . "Xr ^ v 5 tb ~ J had mafie arrangements to start for J ^ L - iK * ^ ' " ** ™ y l » wBady , -when she found ta «!! " ?*' t 80 k ad ^ tase of me , aaid charged double ^ « Hn J had bargained for . I went off in a hurry , W % w 7 v as train - Tiie coachman , e-ren after 1 ^^ w him a York shilling more t >> v hia fare , ^ T ™ me " *< 3 y much , and ihieatenea to take any Jngg ^« ttrf ti » tain . He 4 d me for an " Irish

      * iYd teid > " a ¥ hsd mB ^^ ^ ' WOttld ^ h & » ^ ood i > ea ^ S- " An Irishman , who was ^«» ttm&ge , -was up in a moment , at hearing Ms 7 ^ a 7 mentioiKd in CTch a way ; and had i «> t the rri ** 1184 . ttfcM wonld iare been a collision , TritE'" ^ y nitetferfence . « ft ^ f ° lte P ^^ Sera had intended to meet me g j *« KaUon to ha-re a farewell stake of lands ; but « B 8 « f % v aB"WHmg taaonj so 1 hadTiot ihs pleasure Wtox 21- Oie ^ tt 16 ™ ^ d engaged to go with «*> - v W Yori » fe 01 " ^ ss too late for tbe train j how-•^^ me ngx taay , jjj . ^ % Boston , the country la Tery beautiful £ J ™ « 8 SQniB « onsiderable cuttings for the railway , feonHsV * torou ^ i graTd . The eountoy soon became K ^ T ™ barren ; the timber was small and fc ZV ~ a kiud ot moss . It was not at all in a > ai ^^^ fion - A &&& portion of the land-surface ' * It -2 T " * itt Ioose 'too ^ ao ^ not a little tep ^? ^ huge jocks ; much of the aurface « 8

      ^> grouniaeemed parfectiy-falnelBss for agri-- ^ im ^ sea . Tie gra « s , which was scanty , looktd * a , ^ T S . aeBllj of COtt ™ eir there was a little Taria-^^ ™ b « t » as Tery poor indeed . The ljft » r ^* W 8 In p * ' ^^^ Tery coarae kind of ^ rass * eaid ^* ^ timher . l « it do larch , Th » people ' -Wefii-S ^*^ ^ to -leare . aiegronndnncultiTOted . ^^» tt some plots of ladiaa « orn , whicb looked a « fta « , ! , !!? ** " S 1 ™ A » we approached ProTidence , Yi ^ T ^* * **» <* nstry ather improTed . Pro-1 te ^ rS 8 ta pfcsi of RhodB Mand , seemed to be VfflT a 10 * rf " ? -y- Darkness , however , com-^ io ^? ^ - ^ ^^ Partly concealed by ^* it . w ^ ? dld iOt »» to advantage . Here ** a n ^^ ^^ lfflT ^ g Boston , we hare fiie ,, ^^*™ Rag cant water , with , trees lying * - » * aa otaerwise cc-Tered wiih mos ; in many

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      instances , toe fallen timber was in all the varied stages of decaj , and many of the standing trees were coTered with moss to tbe top . At Providence we crossed &a water in a * team-boat - the distaBoe -was about a mile . Here a anmber of our . passengars went on board a rteam-boat which took a circuitous route , and only reached New York on the folio-wing afternoon . We proceeded thirty mUea further ; by lialway , and entered a splendid steamer at Stcmnington , and proceeded on the East river for New York . I regretted I had not taken my fare by the other conveyance , which lay all night near Providence , as in that case I should have had the pleasure of witnessing the fine seenery on the coast , and also the coast of Long Isla . na , which I passed in the dark ; it continuing so till -we arrived neai New York .

      Satdhdat £ tb—We could on ] y see the lights from the lighthouses along the coast , during the night ; the first object I conld distinctly perceive was a headland to our jright . i could not learn its name ; bat it was notfaT distent from New Kochelle , where the remains of the immortal Paike were interred , and where a handsome monument is erected to the memory of that great statesman and patriot . A succession of buildings appeared in view . Here the land seemed fertile . I saw some oats cat , as I also did in the neighbourhood of Boston , and during some part of sur journey from that city . The great prison for micor offences was soon seen , and -we haa a aigbt of New York , and very soon of the city of Brooklyn ,

      Staten Island , and the New Jersey shore . We next approached the shipping , amorg which was pointed out to me tha " Great Western , " and tbe " British Queen' - steam ships ; I had also my attention drawn to a newly invented machine by which sjiips of the largest tonnage are , la tbe short space of , half-aB-honr , lifted out of the water and laft perfectly dry . There lay in the bay , the North Carolina , an U . S Man of War of 120 guns . Another ship of war lay at the quarantine ground , offstaten Island . The Gnome , a Preach war steamer " of seventy guns , lay near the North Carolina—ahe had conveyed the Prince de Joinville ; near the Gnome lay the Warspite British frigate , which hid conveyed lord Ashburton , who had been sent-out to settle tbe question relative to the North East Boundary line .

      The steamer which conveyed me from Stonnington was of Ihe forni and description given of those I saw in Boston Bay , biBilarger and more splendid . Her name was Rhode Island . The fare from Boston was ene dellar and seventy-five <» nts ., or 1 J dollars . We went round into the North Birer , thus passing the greater part of the docks . The ships were numerous , and of various descriptions . We got ia before six a-m ., and were immediately crowded with lodginghouse keepers , hotel runners , and man-cateheis of all descriptions , and for all purposes , but that ef giving us something to comfort us without payment—carters , carme . i , porters , kc A crowd of them seised my trunk , and were "very nigh fighting for the possession ofaepriza in the bustle they soon had it oa shore ,

      when J stepped up , and asked if they intended to rob me ? They Instantly placed It on the wound , and I engaged a decent looking -m * Tt to drive it to Peter Bussey ' a- for a quarter of a dollar . I -went od the top or it all the way . I found that Peter bad left New York , and gone Vj live upon & farm in New Jersey I therefore ordered tbe man to drive to Mr . Bewcastte ' s , No . 17 , in the same street He was in bed . I washed myself , anji before I bad dressed my leg , &a , he came and inquired how I liked the West country . I told him he waa mistaken in his man , and I looked Mm in the face , when he soon found ont who 1 was . We

      shook hands , and I was seon at home" ( although hia home was not all I could have desired ) . After taking breakfast , 2 weat to Wora « ick " s—Bosaeya old houseand there fennel letters from Mr . John leech , and Mr . Wb . Cook . e . of Hudderfield , with a Hvrlhern Star and a Zetds Mtrcary ; also & letter from John Peacock , and one from Thomas Gillisple , of Glasgow ; the latter desiring me to look for Mr . Hewarth and other passengers . They were all scattered ; therefore I conld not meet with them . I bow called on Sir . Hollick , late Social Missionary ; he was out William Ashton , late of Barnsley , with a friend , awaited our lauding to welcome me to " the land of liberty **

      When it became bmited abroad that I had srrirod , a many friends came to pay their respects ; among them were several from Yorkshire , from londen , and from Scotland , it SVXMaY . 7 th . —This morning I went to look Ur James Walker , late of Glasgow , and his friend Holliday . The rain fell in torrents and I got well drenched I disco-vered that Mr . Purd'e , late of Glasgow , had been writing some Whiggish letters in the Tlttoian , a New York paper ; his same was not affixed thereto , for reasons best known to himself .

      Having received a pressing letter from Mi . Bussey , and having some business to transact , after dianer I took the first steamer for Elizabeth Town , State of New Jersey , to visit him at bis farm . Tbe distance was aeventeen miles , the fare only 6 jd . I was pleated with the farm , and with the crop np--m it I looked round the premises , and partook of apple-pie and aili . He then Bent hia man with a spring-cart to the Port with ma . and I reached New York in the evening . I was tailed by many when going along the streets : of some I had bo knowledge whatever : Jos , Farrar , Hanson , Greenwood , Clongb , Bailtgr la female ) , Crowther , ami some others from Huddersfield ; Tiffney and others from Eafifax ; Aihton , from Barnsley ; Brown , from Birmingham ; some from leeds ; some from

      lendon ; some from Glasgow , && &o . A person froa BaUey , near Dewsbury , came to see me . I asked " how the Shoddy business # ot on ?'• He « aid , " of late it had gcae down . " I enquired the reason ; he replied , "there h&db&en a great deal to do abont the Shoddy in the House of Commons , by a Mr . Perrand , and the merchants wonld not , therefore , buy tbe cloth . " I asked . him " if he knew that I was the person -who -wrote the letter which Mr . Perracd read in the House , explaining how tbe DevU ' sJhid wm made ? " He opened his eyes yerj wide and exclaimed : " No ; btft if it was you , there Txrer -was a man more cursed since the creation of ihe world " He informfcd me that there were two persons on States Irland , carrying on the same trade , and that

      he was going to the business there * > imself . I was also told that at Troy , in the State ef New York , they are rapidly carrying on that species of roguery ; thus ruining trade in America as our manufacturer * have destroyed it In England- One person from Batley , ef the came of Bromley , is regularly engaged on StateD Island in the manufacture of Shoddy . Thus ate the Yorkshire " devils" now divide * between the States and England ; and when they become fairly balanced in respect of somber , and are in full battle array , then will the collision produce a total wreck , ending in a perfect scramble . It is to be hoped , however , that tbe lynx-eyed Yankles will not beguiled by tbe transported " devils , " in the same manner as John Ball and his customers have been duped . Mind if we don't soon set a : Fbbsa ? to at them !

      Mosdat , 8-h . —I again went in quest of James Walker , ' but did not succeed in finding him- I ntxt proceeded by a railway train , which comes to the ceDtre of the city and opposite tbe P . srk , -where stands the City ' Hall . Post Office , Poor House , Aston House , and many other important and famous buildings . Strange as it may appear to Englishmen , the terminus of the Bailway , after a rather sharp inclined plane , 1 b just upon one » l the main streets . The rails are laid in the streets , spon which the carriages are drawn by horses to this extremity ot the crowded parts ot tbe city —turning corners as waggons do . From thence they are propelled by steam to West Chester , crossing the river , which separates tbe island from the mala land , to the above town , in the county of the same name ; a dis tanee of twelve or four teen miles . I travelled by one of the trains , ( which , I think , start every fifteen

      minutes )^ passing over the rudest fields , much covered with weeds , useless shrubs , Tocks and stagnant pools , and of a most uneven surface , but marked out for streets , in seme cases crossing each other at equal distances , &ud extending to the extremity of the bland , which is fonrteen miles long ; a proof of what they intend the city to be—a grand specimen of Yankee notions , apeculation and extravagance . Arrived at the station , 3 went awsorfiBg to tie directions given me which led me along 85 Afferent streets , a distance of -sixmiles , and , at last , fsund out that I was directed to the wrong person , and siy journey was lost Por the sake of variety , I took s stage coach back again , and returned by the conunon high road to the city , and , of course , had an opportunity of makisff additional observations upon ihe wild wilderness of streets in embryo , which terminated at each end at the water's edg * .

      I was greatly disappointed with the city of New York . My idea was that I should find it the most unique and splendid eity in the Union . I looked for wide , regulsrly-formed streets , filled up with buildings , on gradually sloping inclined planes , and all kept clean and in good repair , the fiith carried away by well constructed and substantial sewers ; bnt , en the contrary , I found the streets crooked ; in some places level , and in para so narrow as to render them almost impassable ; badly pavea , with stagnant pools here and there , deep ruts in tie middle , and the kennels choked with &Uh and garbage ; innumerable hogs straying about , of ainost disgusting shape—indeed , of a breed to which I was a total stranger—and , as if to add to thoir uglineES , they are generally bedaubed with sure , so as to make

      it next to impossible xo ascertain their colour . Toe streets are of themselves exceedingly offensive to tbe olfactory nerves ; but to pass the long snouted grunters was to me'intolerable . Many a time have I gone out of my way to avoid them . I considered ihat ihe West end of tbe dty was bad enough , but the east was still worse , there beingagreaterabundanceef those ill-favoured , dirty punters . In the best streets , the kennels were overflowed with streams of surface water , proving that they had no sewers . The buildings were erected to suit the taste and convenient -oi the owners , and were irregular . There certainly are exceptions to this state of things ; yet , upon the whole , the city is

      mostsbsaefnlly managed , as compared with the city of Boston ; and I was credibly informed that " parties" are so balanced in , tbe city , the neither the Whig , or the leco Foco < Democrat ) party , dare make an attempt to keep the hogs out of the streets . Bat if either party fear losing tote * through interference with the hogs , surely som « of them might dare to arrange for the removal of the garbage on which they luxuriate , and to suggest the conssroctton of sewera for the carrying off the £ lUi and pools of stagnant ¦ water which , abound on every hand . This ought to be attended to , both f r the preservation of their own health , and that of the citizens in general They sbonld at once lay aside all party Bplesn and factious rancour , and unite in this

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      one common object , doing honour to their far-famed city , by the adoption of means for the removal ot nuisances so disgiaceful to their characUr , and ruinous to health . - - * : f : Another , and -very great nuisance , exists in the business streeta , especially those in which the wholesale buBineea is transacted . In front of each shop , er warehouse , &te large piles of packing cases , crates , casks , &c These are heaped uponesoh other to a dangerous height , as if the owners were ambitious of vieing with each other in showing the largest number , and as if the

      extent and success of their business depended upon the show . Very often the masses are so large as to render it difficult to pass a ] 6 ng the small space of Bign left uncovered—they being generally placed npon tbe fbgs , or footway . Even Sunday is not a day exempt from this nuisance . If two persons attempt to walk abreast , a nail iB almost sure to catch the : garment and a rent is the const queues . But , no matter ; there the heaps of packages remain , in the same position from day today and week to week ; and , if appearancts are any indication ot their long-standing , ' from year to year .

      There are many splendid public and private buildings in the city , and some noble benevolent institutions and asylums ; indeed they have institutions of tvery description for benevolent purposes . ¦¦ I admire tha taste of the Bostonians more thau that of the New Yorkers . There , there is a neatness of form and finish , anel txcellence of situation , which is not the case here . I observed , too , that the hbrees here are inferior to those at Boston . I am not at all surprised that misery prevails at New York to a much greater extent than in any other part of the Union ; seeing that it cannot be otherwise , while so many thousands are annually , nay almost weekly ; driven here by dire ntotsaity from Britain , Ireland , and all parts of Europe , to seek a home and resting place in tho "land of promise ; " and wko , having exhausted their last shilling in the search to find employment , are compelled to appeal to tie authorities , or live by begging or stealing .

      TUESDAY ath . —Robert Anderson , one of my fellow passengers from Liverpool , with Cnarles E 3 rnshaw and his wife , arrived from Boston this morning , and brought me some letters and papers which I had lost while in that city . Their recovery was , to me , a very fortunate circumstance . ( To be continued . J

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      DISMISUA 1 OF THE CHAP 1 AIN OF KNTJTSFOKD GAOL . At an adjourned quartet Bessious held at the Court * house , Nether Knutsford , last week , before Mr . Traffbrd Traffijrd , chairman , and a fall beach of magistrates , too Court proceeded to the consideration of the discipline of Knutsford gaol , and adopted a course which has created no inconsiderable degree of sensation throughout tbe county of Chester . It will be recollected that at the late sessions held at Chester , the consideration of the report of the visiting justices of Knutaford Gaol , which recommended the dismissal of the chaplain , was adjourned tothese adjourned sessions . Since then the visiting justices made another report , embodying evidence on the dietary and discipline © f the garl , and

      adhering to the recommendation to dismiss tbe chaplain . A letter had also been received from Sir J . Graham on the whole of the documents , rtflecting in the strongest terms upon tbe misconduct of the governor of the gaol , and putting it to the jnstices ; whether , after the instances stated in the evidence of tbe reports , particu . larly as to the continuance of corporal punishment to a youth when it bad been expressly stopped by the surgeon in attendance , they could with confidence and safety continue him In his aituation ; and alao 6 ontain » D | f an opinion that if death had ensued in constqaence of such conduct , the governor would have been guilty of homicide . The charges against the chaplain made by tha visiting justices were the most prominent part of the proceedings . The first and main one was , that during the inquiry his conduct had been ; most unsatisfactory , It appeared that the inspector , who bad been sfat

      down by Government to report on the case after Mr . Doncom . be had made his charges against tbe governor in the House of Commons , examined tbe chaplain privately at Knuta : ord , and that the latter refused , when required , to state to tb » visiting jualioerj what he had communicated to the inspector , beea ^ ise , as be alleged , he considered that communicaiiop . to be confidential . This was held by tbe justices , io . be a ground of accusation against him . He vraa further charged with having kept a journal , which hf > declined to produce for the inspection of the joKtices , although an order had been made that he Bb / ould report to them whatever he saw wrong before entering it in his journal , in order that the same might be investigated ; and be waa also charged with not having exclusively devotsd his time to his sphitnal duties , asd with not having administered the sacraments to some of the felons .

      At the conclusion of . the reading of the documents , which were of soidq length , and which contained evidence of an excpjpatory as well as of a srisainatory character )

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      Mr . P . L . Townsend moved that tb » repottB of the visiting jnstices be adopted and confirmed , and that the chaplain be dismissed * j He went briefly over the allegations againat the latter , and said that the main complaint against him was , that he had privately seen the inspector of prisons , and prejudiced that gentleman's mind , and when asked , to acquaint the visiting justices with what he rhad stated to him , he sheltered himself nnder the plea that itiwaB privileged , although the inspector in his report said that he did not consider the chaplain ' s cammunicatlons confidential . lord DeTabley seconded the motion . Mr . Wilbraham contended , that the worst characters in the gaoj had been brought oat of their cella to demolish tbe chaplain ' s character , and called upon tbe Court not to make the chaplain the victim and the scapegoat because what had been stated in Parliament had 1 > een proved to be true . He thought that If they sacrificed this gentleman they must of necessity sacrifice the gaoler .

      Mr . Davenport entered bis solemn protest against the motion , said that no real ground for dismissal had been shown , and expressed a hope tbat the chaplain would not be visited with tbe threatened punishment because bis politics were of the Liberal school . Tbe Right Hon . E . J . Stanley feared the course they were taking would lead the public to view the whole proceeding as a foregone conclusion , namely , to get rid of the chaplain . He recapitulated the case , and aaid , the inquiry proved that what had been said in Parliament was substantially true , and they ought not to separate the conduct of the chaplain from taat ot the gaoler . He admitted that the former deserved admonition for hiB conduct to the justices , but said , that that conduct had not been sufficient to justify a step which must ruin and degrade him . After much further discussion , the motion was adopted , the numbers , on a division being for it , thictyfive , against it five .

      It was then arranged that the chaplain should leave forthwith , and be paid his salary np to the July quarter . ( After the dlscuaalou respecting the chaplain had terminated , the Court proceeded to consider the charges contained in Sir J . Graham ' s letter against the gaoler , going through them seriatum . In some of them the magistrates exonerated tbe gaoler , though in others it was admitted that he bad been in some degree blameable , but not to such an extent as to warrant them in withdrawing their confidence from him . In this opinion all the magistrates then present concurred ; but when it was finally proposed to pass a generel exculpatory vote in favour of the gaoler , Mr . Wilbraham declined to concur in it , upon the ground , that although he considered the charges unimportant , yet , as they bad dismissed the chaplain on acoount of still less impoitant charges , he could not consistently say that the gaoler ought to be entirely exculpated . The proceedings occupied about five hours .

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      reduced to the lowest depths of degiada . W » . - » . and steeped to the li ps in poverty and wretchedness . It U to remedy this abuso , and obtain equai representatu n , that tbe people have adopted the principle of tbe Charter ; for why should one cJass , who produce nothing , have the power to make lawa for their own convenience at the expence of the wealth producers ? If laws be founded in justice , their influence would be equally felt by every individual in the empire ; and unless they afford protection to the poor as well as the rich , they must of necessity be either imperfect or unjust .

      Now , it ia said by the advocates of aristocratic governments that the Constitution of these countries ia perfect , and " a blessing to the xiation" ! I deny such perfection exists in the " blessed ; Constitution , " or that tbe blessed Constitution is a b easing to tbe nation . If the Constitution was perfect , labour would have its protection , and the working classes would have a voice in making laws to insure its continuance . Whilst the aristocracy and class interests trample on tbe rights and revel in the wealth produced ! by their fellowcitizens , it ia a libel on the Constitution to say it is a blessing to the nation . It is a blessing , to be sure , to all who live by other people's industry , bat it is a curse to the millions who have to support the idlera

      Strange , that perfect as the constitution is aaid to be , still we find numbers of those very idlers to which it ia a blessing , crying out for reform . Is lit a reform of a perfect constitution they mean , or is it a reformation by way of obtaining greater facility for plunder they would seek ? I fancy it is tha latter , for if they were sincere they would not quibble and shuffl ) and try to annihilate tbe only principle which can possibly achieve radical and permanent good . Why not join the working classes in seeking to establish the Charter as the law , instead of opposing its progress ? Why not strike at the root of the evil , and by dealing juatly with the people , perfect the imperfect constitution , and make their country the admiration of the world ? Why not give the people the franrhise , and thereby restore them

      t& political equality ? Because they are now as ever they were , your taskmasters , and would sooner heap more chains and miseries upon you than give you one particl e of liberty , or respite from '; your sufferings . They have never been honest enough to cede a single point without having first limited it to certain boands . If the people had the suffrage they would not tolerate abuses , and would cut off tbe sources of monopoly and unjust taxation ; this , the would-be reformers wtil know , and fearing the trade of oppression would fail , they labour to counteract the principle of Universal Suffrage , by endeavouring to substitute other and less efficient remed es in its stead . It is for this reason

      Manhood Suff . age and twenty-five years of age wa 3 cried up ; it ia for this reason tbe Irish forty shilling freeholders lost tbe franchise in exchange for emancipation ; it is for this reason the leaders of j the Irish people quibble about technical trfi ^ s , and denoanse the word UNIVERSAL with as much vehemence as if it was contagious ; it is for this reason "known Chartists" are excluded from repeal meetings ; and , finally , it is because those precious hypocrites have been driven from one position to another , with tbe voice of liberty thundering in their ears , and striking terror into their hearts , and the mtvreh of pauperism pressing oa their heels , tbat we have them now , nolens volens , crying out " Complete Suffrage . " I

      Irishmen , listen to them not ! It ia the cry of the crocodile and the last shift of expiring hypocrisy . The Whigs and middle classes have never ceded or assisted you yet , nor will they now unless yon compel them . Remember there is no mercy to be expected from a hungry wolf—dissemble as he may , ha is a wolf still . In seeking for the franchise , bear in j mind that the Charter iu your only hope ; it is your ' sheet anchor in the storm j nor will any other course of ] policy give you as certain a victory . It is enough lot you to know that you are compelled to contribute taxes and defend your country with your lives . It is enough for you to

      know , that no matter whether it be a Tory or a Wbi « Government demands y « ur obedience , that the penalty is the same , and that you are the slaves of both . If you are to p-. y . you ought to know for what , and to whom ; and if you are to shed your blood in dt-fence ot your country , you ought to have a voice ; in making the laws which bind you . If you are poor , you have a right to inquire the cause , and when you know it to remedy it ; and if you cannot do so , you should demand that your right be restored to you . As the producers of wealth , you have a right te examine the ascounts of the nation , and scrutinize them aa becomes you .

      Irishmen , if you love liberty and would see your country happy , you will get yourselves about the work of regeneration . You have seen the insincerity of the Wbigs and Middle Classes . You know tbe Tories are your enemteB , therefore the work is , must be your own . Imitate the example set you by tha Cbarttsts of Oruat Britain , and the brave and invincible band of the Irish Universal Suffrage Association . They are the TBUE friends of Ireland , and opposed as they may be , they will ultimately prove tbe saviours of your country . Rally , then , round their standard—it is stamped with the i&gia of truth , and victory hovers over it . Your obedient servant , ; VE&ITAS .

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      The Kev . Wight—It is no use to attempt tt , you can read it after . Mr . Bowman—No , Sir . yon are a parcel of usurperal " 8 bame , " and "read it" ) Without the meetinr elects its own Chairman , it is a tumultuous assembly . Mr . Wight—You have no right to interrupt the proceedings in tibia way . I shall send for a constable and have order kept—( cheers and hisses . ) Mr Bewman—I perceive there ia a police officer here ; but I dare him to take ma in charge . I dont vrsnt to create disturbance , but to exercise my right as a citizen . Oa an understanding that Mr . Bowman and others should be beard , the proceedings were allowed to go on .

      The Bev . Mr . Wight and several other speakers addressed the meeting , strongly condemning the Government measure , and declaring that sooner than have it as it now stand ? , we would be better without education at all . They pointed out tbe educational clauses of the Bill , attest which they most bitterly inveighed , and contended tbat they weie well calculated to destroy Sunday schools , and foster a spirit of discontent amongst Dissenters generally . One speaker denounced Dr . Hook , of Leeds , as being the framer of the Bill , while another threw all the responsibility oa the Government . A Bav . Mr . Kitts ( Baptist minister ) made a moat violent and rabid attack on the poor Catholics in respect to the 'indulgences' of their ehurcb ( many persona in the meeting expressed in strong terms their disapprobation of such intolerant conduct . )

      Mr . Bowmati , —( appealing to the meeting)—Are we to have a tirade against Popery ?—( cries of " shame , " " go on , " and great confusion ) . . After the various speakers ( called on by the Chairman j bad finished , Mr . Bowman made several attempts to speak , but was interrupted by the Chairman , who would not allow him to proceed , but commenced reading a synopsis of tbe Bill , which occupied a considerable time ; after which be dissolved the meeting , though he and others were pledged to hear the other speakers , or they would not have been allowed to proceed . No words can give a picture of ihe scene which now prevailed . Several persons attempting to speak at once , bnt the confusion and noise drowned their Voices .

      Mr . Wight—You must be ordarly . I have taken care to have tbe Bill printed in such a way , that no man has a right to speak withont permission—( loud hooting . ) A Voice—These are the apostles of Christianity t Mr . Hanson—I enter my solemn protest against the way id which this meeting has been conducted . ihe Chairman , or Mr . Wight—If the meeting does not separate , I'll order tbe lights to be pat out . Tne foregoing is' a brief outline of what rtally took place , for tbe meeting lasted upwards of three hoars . We have attended numerous public meetings , during periods of great popnlar excitement , when party feeling ran very high ; but we never witnessed , on the part of any faction , so overbearing , intolerant , and tyran . nical a spirit ; as was displayed by these dissenting parsons on this occasion . Firstly , we have them ,

      usurping tha right of the people , in public meeting assembled , to choose t ' auir own chairman . Secondly , we have them exhibiting a violent and intolerant spirit towards the poor Catholics . Thirdly , we have them , ( for the sake of being heard themselves ) , promising from the pulpit , that others should be heard after they were done ; and then desecrating the house of Gad by refusing avery one the privilege they had premised . Fourthly , we have them calling on the people to sign a petition ,, which they dared not lay before tha meeting , because it Roes for a rejection of the whole Government measure , and , as such , would have been opposed . And , fifthly , hypocritically pretending to be the friends of the children of tha poor , while they would continue them in slavery and ignorance , by wholly opposing this measure for lessening infant labour in factories , and securing them education .

      In consequence of these proceedings , tbe following placard was issued next morning : — '• Public Meeting , —Intolerent , Overbearing and Tyrannical Conduct of the Dissenting Preacuebs in Opposing the Factory Regulation and Education Bill —In consequence of the tyrannical and overbearing conduct of the dissenting preachers , at the public meeting held in the Congregational Cbapcl , last nigiat , in not allowing any one to speak but themselves , and in calling on the people to sign a petition which was never submitted to the meeting , a public meeting will be held at the Market Cross this evening , at half-past seven o ' clock , to take into consideration the propriety of petitioning Parliament on the ' Factory Regulation and Education Bill . ' "W . B . —The dissenting preachers are particularly invited to attend to discuss the subject . The chairman will be chosen by the meeting . "

      At the time called for the meeting , a considerable number of persons bad assembled , but at the time of taking tbe chair ( eight o ' clock ) there would not he fewer than from 3 , 000 to 3 , 500 persons present . Oa the motion of Mr . Hanson , Mr . James Arthur was eallert onto preside ; who , after reading the Bill calling the meeting , and making a few appropriate remarks , called on Mr . Bowman to move the first resolution . Mr . Bowman complained bitterly of the overbearing and tyrannical conduct of those Christian teachers who had exhibited on tlie former evening . He said while they beaded their hand-bill Religious Liberty , " they had most unfairly trampled upon the liberty ef tbe subject , by choosing their own chairman previous to the

      meeting , and then not allowing any one to be heard bat their own party , though they were pledged to bear all parties . Such conduct was not only hypocritical but tyrannous—it wag , in short , a desecration of tho house of God . These men had uttered the most violent tirades of abuse against the Church and the Catholics , and while they exposed the educational clauses of the Factory BUI , they had forgot all th « 8 B good portions of the Bill which protected the poor factory child against that excess of toil to which it had been subjected , and shielded it from those dangers to which it had been most instrumentally exposed , by being compelled to clean machinery while in motion . Mr . Bowman , after some farther remarks , moved tbe following resolution : — ,

      " That in the opinion of this meeting \ he Bill now before Parliament for the education of children employed in factories , is sot calculated to give to the rising generation a sound , practical , and useful education , in consequence of the power of appointing Trustees being placed in tha hands of the dominant Church party ; at the same time we approve of it as a means of affording education to those who would not otherwise receive it , thus giving them an opportunity of entering the garden of knowledge and partaking of those salutary fruits wbicb they would otherwise be deprived of . Yet this meeting hail this as a great remedial measure to the intense suffering and great exposure to personal' injury to which young persona employed in manufactories have hitherto been subjected and exposed , by lessening their hours of labour and protecting them against injuries likely to be inflicted npon them by cleaning machinery when in motion . "

      Tbis resolution was seconded by Mr . Carrnthers , and canled unanimously . Mr . Hanson then came forward to move the adoption of a petition . He spoke at considerable length . The petition- was seconded , asd carried unanimously . The petition was ordered to bs signed by the chairman in behalf ot the meeting , and forwarded to Six James Graham for presentation to tbe House of Commous , accompanied with a letter of explanation respecting its origifl . We had almost forgot to mention tbat during the proceedings the Rov . Mr . Chester , ( Methodist

      preacher , ) , mounted the orosa stairs , and endeavoured to defend the conduct of himself and others at the former meetiDg ; bat in this he most miserably and signally failed , as was clear from the jeers and laughter of the meeting . He was patiently beard throughout , though his observations were of a very rambling character ; indeed , many are of opinion tbat he came there , not so much for tbe sake of being heard , but for the purpose of exasperating the people . We are glad , bovsever , that the people by their forbearing conduct set him an example which we trust be will profit by i& fuiflure . *

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      Am Orleans journal states that a notary of tbat place had just fted , leaviag a deficit of 500 , 000 francs . He is supposed to have shaped hia course towards England .. Many of the sufferers are inaaatriousartiBansand&gricaltuxists . who had placed their savings in his hands . - , ; . > ¦ - Advices from Alexandria of the 8 * inst . state , that Meaemet AH left Cairo on the 31 st alt . for Lowet Egypt . He waste proceed thence to Alexandria , where he usually resides during the season of th « Kstmsia and the Summer months . Ibraham and Said Pasha still continue in Lower India . The highest number of people on the Piusley relief list was 14 , 791 ; this was on the lith of November , 1842 . The number oh the list this ( list ) week is 835 . The Relief Committee , at their mteting on Thursday last , came to the resolution thai their distribution of provisions to the unemployed should cease on Saturday the ? 9 th inst .

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      Errata—At the beginning of this " Journal , " it was set forth , that Mr . Pitkethly left home on the 10 th of January , 1843 . This was aa error . It should have been January 10 th , 1842 . Mr . Pitkethly also desires us to say that it is utterly out of bis power to answer the nnnierons personal applications made to him by letter , and othtrwise from parties who E jntemplate emigrating , and who thus sebk for advice . His business avocations

      forbid it . Were be to devote the whole of his time to that purpose , it would be barely sufficient ; while all the information he possesses will be freely communicated to all through tbe Star . One thing he most strongly advisee ; that all who can , will suspend their arrangements for departure , till they have seen the developeraent of a new SCHEMB OF EMJGBA ^ T COLONIZATION , which will follow is due course ot this publication ; for by it , he belives , great suffering and much disappointment may be averted , and much general and individual good secured . In connection with tbis subject of Emigration to the States , we have received the following letter from one whose name is well known throughout both Lancashire and Yorkshire . It will be read with interest , and impart some useful information . New York , April 6 th , 1843 .

      TO THE EDITOR OF THE NORTHERN STAR . Sir , —As the tide of Emigration is about to set in here , a few observations upon the state of the country may not be useless . Large aambera come here almost pennyless when they land ; and , as a matter of course , the labour market in tbe vicinity of the large towns becomes glutted . There is scarcely a cotton mill that bos not been inundated with workmen ; and the conseqvenve is il has caused a material reduction in vxigts In connection with this , daily improvements are being made in the machinery , ' such aa " double decking" and " self-acting ; " this , too , has thrown numbers ont of employment ; so that factories here are little better than those in Eigla d ; and , upon the whole , people employed in them do worse than any

      other trade . Still the general advantages over England are great- Land is cheap , provisions are cheap , and , apart from tbe large towns , fuel is moderate . Fanners With small capital , do betteriban at home ; and so do mecbancs , such as carpenters , painters , smiths , and labourers . Thousands have landed in New York , who have returned t * England in a few wutks , giving , no doubt , very distressing accounts of tbe country ; they having passed , perhaps , the whole of their time in the city where they landed . Persons of small capital and industrious habits , who are struggling with the depression ttat has taken place in trade in England , may better their fortunes considerably by emigrating to the Western States , say Michigan , Illinois , Ohio , Tennessee , and buying a small farm ,

      putting up themselves a hoase , in which they are assisted by their neighbours , and obtaining employment at their trade , or assisting their neighbours In getting in their crops , for the first year till they are settled . The land increases in value every year , u the place becomes more populous : and only thick , Sir , of the contrast ! a man here by doing vj may secure a permanent independence for his offspring ; whilst in England he toils all his life for a scanty subsistence , and his landlord ' s rent . Still I do not advise any poor Ban to break up his house and home , if be is earning a living , to procure a passage here , if he has not the means to carry him further ; for as I have already stated , this causes the large towns to be o ^ er-iuu with mon seeking work . And when they see others similarly situated , they

      tire ; and , as a last resource , try to get home again . It may not bs uninteresting to my brother Chartists to learn bow their labours to obtain their "just rights are looked npon in this country . In the first place , the two factions , Whig and Democrat , have been hard at work abusing each other for some time past , which bas left them very little time to attend to the sufferings of the brave Chartists on the other side of tbe Atlantic But the news ef your brave and manly conduct during tbe last struggle has caused them to look more closely into the cause why tha industrious sons of Britain Bbould be thus deprived of the only swans of relieving themselves from their present degraded position , namely , the choosing of their representatives in Parliament ; and they are now expressing themselves in language plain enough to be understood , that the cause of Chartism in

      England is the cause of justice and truth . I have no doubt the time is not far distant when public opinion will be aroused in this country , and some steps taken to express their sympathy for their suffering brethren . By the way , it would be as well to remind Emigrants coming over to this country , tbat they will find & whole host of locusts ready to prey upon them the moment they land , in the shape of boarding house keepers , and steam boat agents . Hundreds of poor men npon landing here have been plundered by these men in the most shameful manner : as for instance , they will promise to board them for a certain sum , then get possession of their luggage ; the unfortunate daps , upon calling for his bill , finds it to amount to three or fonr times the sum he agreed for But he bus no alternative He must either pay or lose his luggage . Against theee sharks it behoves the emigrant to be en his guard .

      Trusting that the unfortunate victims of Whiggism and Toryism will soon be ] restored to the twaom of their families , I beg to subscribe myself , Yours in the cause of democracy , WH . LIAW BDTTJSRWOBTH .

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      TO THE MEMBERS OF THE REPEAL ASSOCIATION * OF IRELAND . Irishmen , —I have stated that the various suffrages which were proposed for the adoption of the people were not calculated to repeal the " Union , " or " strike the blow" which is to set the " bondsmen free . " Wo have soen that the document of the People ' s Charter was introduced as tbe only safe and certain remedy for political grievances , at least so thought the framera of that document , ( among whom was O'ConneU , ) and bo the people have evnr believed it to be . It is plain that if consistency of principle is necessary in public men , or parties , it is equally necessary as regards the Charter . If a roan or Bet of men adopt a principle which has for its object the amelioration of their condition , it is only

      reasonable they should give such principle a fair trial before they either condemn , or introduce others in its Btead . Tbe question which follows is , was the principle of Universal Suffrage given a fair trial before it was attempted to be ejocted from the document of whieb it was a portion ? If not , it was unfair to condemn it before it had failed as a measure . When we look at the present state of society , and behold the people crushed beneath on enormous load of taxation to support an overgrown and corrupt system of Government , we cannot but admit the necessity of applying some efficient remedy for the abuse , and , like skilful physicians , treat the malady in its proper and safest wav . It unfortunately happens tbat there are as many ( if not more ) political , as physical quacks , who ignorantly and recklessly presume to administer nostrum after nostrum , regardless of tbe result , so long as they can pocket the fee , and dispose of their pills . One quack bleeds , another blisters , and a third Iteobes his patients .

      until at lengtb , betwixt physicking and slops , the wretched sufferers are reduced to a condition ten times worse than before they submitted to be quacked . In political iUness , we have quacks of all shades of colours , from the ultra : Tory to the ultra Reformer , who aspires to the establishment of a New Moral World of his own . The Reform quacks , who wonld improve the condition of the working classes , are , however , the most arrant knaves in existence , nor can they be otherwise , when we remember the final measure of Lord John Russell ; bis dose was indeed a pill , bnt still incapable of eradicating the symptoms of unsound and corrupt legislation . The quacks of this order are the more dangerous , as they seldom bold the same opinion , or pursue the same practice , for any length of time . The medicines they wonld apply , in oue case , externally , are often applied internally , and hence we have naked backs in tbe streets , and hungry stomachs in the baatiles .

      One knowing one says the peoplo ought to be educated before they should be / entrusted with the suffrage . To this numbers of would-be friends of the people assent ; now , I cannot deny tbat were the people in possession of sound moral and political knowledge they would soon obtain influence and pa ^ er ; but I am at a loss to know how tbe people are to be educated in erder to be qualified ? Of a certainty there is but little hope from the Government ; they know that knowledge is power , and consequently they never will educate the people as long as they can avoid it ; we have had a

      striking proof of this in the fact of £ 70 . 000 being voted for her Majesty ' s stables , whilst £ 30 , 00 * was voted for tho purposes of National education . Talk of educating the people before you would give them tbe suffrage after tbat— 'tis monstrous ! as it is evident if education Is to be procured for money , the horses of her Majesty would have the suffrage sooner than tbe people . The people themselves ore too poor and oppressed to afford the means , and what is worse , mother church , with all her knowledge and inspiration , is not a charitable school mistress .

      The " lower orders , " says another , are very ignorant , and if they had the suffrage , they would not know what to do with it ; we should have the " rabble " doing tbis and doing that , and there would be nothing but confusion . But , I would ask , are all the men who possess the franchise educated , or morally better in their character , than tha non-electors ? If so , where are tbe proofs ? If education wore to be the teat of quaUflcat on , very marjy , now helding the elective privilege , would be immediately struck off the list of voters ; indeed , I might safely say , there are many thousands of the present electors , who are perfectly ignorant of every thing save crouching servility to their patrons and

      landlords . But it ia absolutely necessary , says another , to enlighten the people before you would give them the franchise . But I would refer this quack to the proceedings of tbe late session of Parliament , and then say if tbe lower orders of . any country in the world cut so contemptible a figure as did the representatives of the present enlightened (?) electors . Bat I forget , it is not as educational suffrage , those bribe-loving , venal , favoured ones , possess . No , it is a household , or brick and mortar qualification . The present House of Commons owe their elevation not to the voice or reason of the people , but to the agency of inanimate matter , or household qualification .

      Talk of morality if you please , but shew me , if yon can , wbere ia tbe morality er tbe justice in such a state of things . Almost in every tewn of the empire there are numbers of bouses which are dens of prostitution and infamy , receptacles tor highwaymen and midnight aBsassins , tbe occupiers of those houses have a qua ification , bat the working man who rents a cottage for a sum less than is required by law , has no vote , although he is a better and more useful member of society than bis infamous neighbour . If a man tents a house for the

      special purpose of letting it out in lodgings , he is qualified to have a vote , whilst the party paying turn a profit rent is disenfranchised . A , pays £ 26 rent for a house , B pays him £ 30 for furnished lodgings , whilst A has a voice in making the law which keeps &e monopoly in his own hands , and B , although he paja , must submit to be burthened with A ' fl taxes . Or a landlord has a number of small bouses on his estate , and to secure his return to Parliament be adds & > pig house , a fowl houso , er a few loads of atones and raovtar to make them of the nominal value of £ 10 .

      Bat "vye will give you Lodger Suffrage , say the friends of cheap Government , but why not give tbe poor man a vota ., says the advocate of the Charter ? He not only baile e s your houses but products the wealth which you « p end on them ; and whether is be , or tbe bricks , to ore eligible as electors ? According to the principle ¦ of Household Suffrage , it is the bouBg and not the man that possesses the vote , for suppose a man had a bouse to-day torough wbicb he was quallfled , and that that bouse was by any accident destroyed , where wonld be his qualification then ? It ifl plain then that if we bad no bouses we could have no Members of Parliament , but as we cannot live without bouses , we must endeavour to reduce them to their proper and obvious ; uses .

      It cannot be a free country where the producers of wealth are denied a just protection for their labour . In a healthy state of society -the working classes should be independent of the capitalists , for it i » a simple truth , that cause and effect should be co-equal ; therefore , if labour produces wealth * labour ia the principal ; and if that wealth be again employed to produce labour it ought to strengthen th «* mutual dependance of labour and capital upon each other . Wbere tbis protection is denied to labour , and When laws are made for tbe pro * tection of capital only , ; the working classes must naturally ba opprefsed . It is tbe duty of a people to protect Ibemaelvts ; andt it is justice to admit their claim to have a voice in making the laws which contribute to their happiness or misery . Thus , j ' n the prosent case , the working classes are , through the influence of class-made laws , which uphold tba interests of the capitalists , and oppoaed to the righto Qf labour .

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      CAEUSLE . INTOLERANCE OP DISSENT . —PUBLIC MEETING TO PETITION PARLIAMENT AGAINSP THE FACTORIES' REGULATION AND EDUCATIONAL BILL . Oa Tuesday evening , the 18 th inst , a public meeting was called in the Congregational Chapel , Lowtherstreet , for the above purpose . A great number of the working classes were present on the occasion , evidently taking a deep interest in the proceedings against this measure of the Government , more especially as it was understood tbat tbe Dissenters were for a total rejection of the whole measure , without any regard to its improvement At the hour appointed , the Cbapel was about half filled , hut the numbers soon began to increase , and before the close we should think there would not be fewer than from five to six hundred persons present The meeting was opened by prayer , after which a Rev . Mr . Wilson came forward as chairman , and was about to proceed , when Mr . Bowman came forward and

      said— . ' Am I to understand , sir , that you are chairman ? If so , I object , unless you are cbosen in a regular way . This is a public meeting —( cheers and hisses . ) The Chairman—I will not leave tbe chair . Mr . Bowman—There Gas been no chairman cbosen . — ( hear , hear , and hissing . ) : A Voice—We can ' t hear Mr . Bowman . Mr . Bowman—According to the law of public meetings , the chairman ought to be chosen by ] the meeting—( confusion . ) I don't know Mr . Wilson at all , but I do say , to publish a handbill calling a public meeting , and tbat bill headed " Religious Liberty , " and then to choose tbe Chairman privately ere tbe meeting assembled , is trampling on the liberty of the subject . If the meeting chooses Mr . Wilson I have no objection- ^—( So on , and biases . ) \

      Tbe Chairman—Aa the announcement was made on the placard that I was to take the chair , and as tbe meeting was called for a specific object , ; no one has a right to interfere with tho arrangements . The object we have in view is a truly Christian end philanthropic one , to secure the preservation of our religious rights and liberties . We feel for the children ef the poor , and are assured that the objects we aim at are calculated to promote their interests . j Mr . Bowman—Y « u had better take a fair and reasonable course , and appoint a chairman . ( A voice" it is done . " ) Then you bave assumed a power you bad no right to possess . ( Hear , hear , and uproar ) I say you are greater tyrants than tbe Government of whom you are complaining . ; The Chairman—I beg , sir , you will not interrupt us in this way ; we come here fox an honest and conscientious purpose .

      Mr . Bowman—I much question your honesty when you are thus trampling on the liberty of the subject . ; The Chairman attempted , to speak , but the noise was bo gtent tba . e be could not be heard . : Mr . Bowman—I will read yon the ; law of public meetings . ( Noise . ) This , is religious liberty i ( Hissea and cries of read it . ) You had far better take my way , because it is an honest way . ; The Rev . Mr . Wightr-We bave a right , Bir . Mr . Bowman —( amidst great noiseMIt is a public meeting , and it must appoint its own chairman . A voice— " Put him out , " and great uproar . M * . Bowman—Aye , you may do ias you like , but ; The Chairman—When we are donei you can say what yon bave to say * ( Applause and Shooting . ) A voice We'll have our own chairman .

      The Rev . Mr . Wight—In calling this meeting we took particular care to know whether we were righto or wrong , or doing every thing according to law , and being well aware that it was a common custom t » interrupt meetings , we did every thing we , could to prevent anything taking place on the present occasion . We calied tbe meeting on our own responsibility ; we appointed a chairman , and no one has a right to come and complain ef it ( Hooting , nsiee , and cheers , ) ' : Mr . Bowman—Then you ought not to ; have called a public meeting . !

      Mr . Wight—We called this meeting by placard , which specified its object , and announcid who was to be in the chair , and not all the men in Britain have a right to find fault with it . ( Hooting and cheers . ) I wish it to be distinctly understood , that , as minister of tbis chapel , I mean to claim tbe protection of the law . ( Loud disapprobation and applause . ) It is not from any feeling of hostility towards such persons as Mr . Bowman —( oa ! ohf from Mr . Bowman}—that I refuse to hear hto . I am myself a member cf the Complete Suffrage Association , —( a voicei-then why do yon not elect a chairman by Universal Suffrage , )—hut I would be the first man to denounce , in the strongest terms , men who come to such meetings j as this for the purpose of interrupting the business . ] Holding these epinions , I can go on with clean hands . I will claim the protection of the law . j

      Mr , Bowman—Then I will read you the law . ( Cheers and hiases . i Oh ! I will not be put down , I will read you the Lvw * j Mr . Arthur—Allow Mr . Bowman to { read the law . Me . Bjwiuun , amidst great uproar , attempted to read from a book . He began , < according to usage '—( cries cf " put him down , " and ' fihame , " mingled with , cries of ¦ " go on . " )

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      The Working Men ' s Mental Improvement Society . —The members of this society and a number of friends spent a social evening together on Monday , the 17 th instant , on which occasion several excellent speeches were made on a variety of subjects , Phben ^ -Mesmerissl —We noticed last week two lectures on this subject , which were delivered by Mr . Adair , of the' Sheffield Pbren « Iogical Society , in the lecture soom of the Atherseam . Since tben tbe same gentleoaa bas given expetiments in this science , on oar different oecasi&nB in the same place ; and with

      very great success , both as regards the numbers in atte&tance , and tbe accurate results which he has established . Mr- Adair ha 3 succeeded in mesmerising several persons belonging to the town , and when in that state , has operated upon the various organs with singular and convincing effect ; indeed we know several of the parties , and have no hesitation in saying that they are afe&ve" suspicion ; and would be amongst the last men ia Carlisle to lend themselves lor any dis * honest purpose , much less to act in collusi m with a stranger to deceive and cajole their fellow-townsmen .

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      __ THE NORTHERN STAB , * J ^^^~~ * " — - — i ——^—^^— _ — ^—^^—^ M - i ¦ ¦ * - . ^ i —ii . in - ¦ . — ¦¦¦ -..- ¦ — , ^ . , , .... . ¦ _ - __^_ j —_^_^ ^—¦ ^¦ ^ w———^— . ^^ . —^»^ ^ l ^*™*"" 1 — I ¦ M * . AaW * . — - ^^^^

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), April 29, 1843, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct648/page/7/