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Northern Star (1837-1852), 8th April 1843, Edition 3 of 4, Page 3, Untitled Article

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      Untitled Article

      EMIGRATION . -ffHEEE TO , AM ) HOW TO PROCEED . Ib omrlasi sheet we announced that arrangements 2 ^ l > een made vnih Mr . Pitkethly , of Huddersfield , jo publish in the Star , in weekly portions , the * If otes of Ms torn through a portion of Caxaba , sad screral of the States op 2 ? oeth Axebica ; partic ularly the States of Massachusetts , Rhode J 5 UJSD , ^ SW YOBK , PeNSTLTATOAj OHIO , MlCHIti 3 j IixixoKj WkcoxsiSj and New Jebset ; nnfieriaken"with a "view of ascertaining the desirability , or otherwise , of Emigration % and to jndgaof the best localion for English Emigrants , from setnal e-bsarration . ' What followB is the " Introductory letter" then promised . The " Notes" will be commenc ed next "week .

      TO Ef TENDING EHIGRAIfTS . 3 IT Friends , —For a long period I iad contemplated a "visit to tbe United States of North America ilasj- circumstances combined to xcrge me to make it . Poissveral years , however , it wa 3 unavoidably deferred ; ^ at , —as i * ill be -seen by the sketch of my Tom , which imder arrangement , 'will appear in the columns of tbe Xnrfhern Star , —I undertook it last summer . It -would have afford * d me mucb pleasure to haTe comp lied with the very vxgent requests or many kind friend in various parts of the country , to have given Ciis account cf my Tonr a more early pnblieation ; bnt business engagements hare toa much occnpied my attention , a-d I bare besides liad occasion to be in Scotjanfl a conadeiabla portion of tfee lime that has eiapss-i sncemy retam from theTJaited States .

      I must crave the indulgence of my friends to overlook the inaccuracies of style in this " record of observations ; " for I make no pretenaoEB as " a writer . " 3 co w desire tbem to beli » ve tfcat in tbe task I have mdertsien , 1 have been prompted by tbe best possible moSves , and performed it to tbe best of my ability , ¦ with a -new ifi render service to those who need it 3 dy first otjuct in " going out" was to Ascer tain how fai the " ftonand and one" flittering statements cirenlated respecting America wsre founded on facto . Secondly , to ascertain bow far tbe much-reduced and BinriJliijgly ' idleaitisansof this country could improye theii condition by removing Either .

      Thirdly , ttatby observation ana experience , I might 1 * enabled V > alleviate , in some decree , tbe sufferings Inffictea upon those who , from choice , ¦ undertake the -voyage -ria a -new to improve their condition ; and more especially the more nnfortnnate , who , from prtssnre of drcnmssances asd want « f employment , axe compelled to Beet an asylum in a f oreigii land . Thsse classes to which I bere aHuda will no doubt , profit by tie expose which I am now enabled to make

      of the organized system of swindling and plunderexistjEg , particularly in Liverpool and Uew York , by which the unsuspecting and simple Emigrant is fleeced oftentames of " his g& * And if my eSbris in this department bare only the effect of putting Emigrants upon their guard , and arming them against the insidious attempts of the hungry cheating crew that abound to their desaasaaa , my labour -win not haTe been in Tain ; and the Si-flee&Hi that 1 hzrre been file instrument ol gOOfl to the poor driTai-mray worker will be an ample

      rewire . Hy attention was first attracted to this branch of my jpresent subject , by an occurrence which fell under my own observation in the latter end of 1841 ; and in Which I was called upon , to act a somewtat prominent part . It was detailed in a lttter from myself to Sir George Sinclair at the time ; and J here giro it , that the reader may haTe Bame idea of the infamous tricks T £ 5 » rted to by parties connected with Emigrsut Shipping , and serve as an immediate warning to all who may be now contemplating a Toyage " out " to be mindful what sort of " bargains" they make . They will do wisely , too , to look minutely to the vordinQ acd pur . port of the " receipt for passage" they may recbive . She loUowing letter will show them a reason why : —

      "TO Sra GEORGE SlUCLAlB ., BABT . "Xiverpool , 2 Dth November , 1 S 41 . 11 , —Tcur Tnrn ^ f ^ induces me to take tbe liberty of laying a case of villany before you , for the purpose of crating your benevolent interference with tie powers that be . I will not trouble yon with any father spology , bnt slate tie facts . "A poo ? woman , tbe -srife cf William Bradley , life of Huddersfield , &fter disposing of her little furmtEre , came to this placs with seven children , for ths : purpose of taking a passage toXew Tori , where her husband had been forced , by pressure of circumstaxras , to ImigE&is , some short Sme b = fc ? re . She ariJTcd here "with her chfldjen and a fci-oifcer , on the i »* b

      nlL i I reachfcdhere on the 17 th , and on the afternoon of the same day , found the woman , and acconrpsnied her to a shipping office , where she had preriously been to treat for a passage . I a * ked Mr . Robinson one of ths contractors , seTe ^ al qnertions , all of which he evaded anSWeriBg , and addressed himself to ilrs . Bradley , desiring that she would say , that she would giTe £ 16 for ths conreyanee of herself £ pd her family . " She had prerjotisly l > ten asked . £ 19 10 s . I desired her ' to itaTe the office , as it was improper to treat with anyone who would uot explain . * She was following me , whfcii he stopped her , aud offered io take her for £ 15 . ' Howfc-yei , I adfised her to wsitj and I would Hiake Kffie icqairy at soose other emce . 1 saw her the

      following cTEning , after 1 > a 3 engaged a passage for her sna nonSy for £ in los . she informed me * that she bia jost paid to the Messrs . Robinson , or rather to their agent , ibe su » of £ 14 10 a . ; ' and this sbe had done afi&r the most Tk- ] ent threats and intimidations , such as , * if she went and paid anywhtre else , they would taks care she should not go ; ' ' that they had had » o much trouble with ha , that she must pay them for it ;* * if she did not pay them she could not go at all , ' &t Set ; SO that in terror , the poor woman agreed to psj- Hef hioiLer was with her at tbe time she paid ; but as neither of "fliem cenld write , they had with them a person who could . "WhenthB bargain was concluded , it was at first proposed to give a receipt on a plain

      sheet of paper . This they refused to accept , having se * : n ethos upon a printed form . Hereupon the agent produced a printed form , sad while Sllicg it up , the perion who accompanied the woman and her brother , and who could write , was watching to see that all was done right . As soon as the agent saw this , he , with the most shocking oaths and imprecations , seized the said person b ^ the collar , —tcld him ' there ffis the door ,-to fagaae I— -that "they -wanted no paid agents there , " and ¦ J ioisnOy jvnshed him cut When tiese ttingrs were dEtsSed to me , 1 asked for a sight of the receipt ; and 3 soon found the execrable rascality of the whole transaction . It was i printed form , wj » h the blanks partly

      £ Dcd up , and partly not . It set forth tb-it the parties tad screed for aE&cond cabin passage to JCew York , by the Alfred ; but the words * ir Hoosr bad been interkntd ! So that the poor ¦ woman -wocid bare been «» - tirrfy at tb * mercy « f the harpiei ; and liable to have been sent ssbore , as the Tessel was leaving port , on the ground that there was * no roovi 1 and that her * bargain ' was to go if thtre was * tram . It also sat feith that a balance ef £ 4 was still xlne for the passage To giTB you as correct an idea as I Cin of ths ' precioas document , " I baTe here transcriDetl it , prtserriEg its form and peculiarities as well as it is possible to ao so in writissr ;—

      " So- 463 . B 3 Tth , No , "iransatlanticPacket Offices , So . 1 , heptane-street , Wsterloo-road , and 16 , Goree Piazzas . " lira . Bradley , Mary , Ehzibeth , Eilen , Emma , ^ ah , Prederick , and Thomss , making two aduits and sx children , haw agreed with us fur a second cabin if room . pssrage to 2 few Tcrk , in the Alfred , tiSisg all the nik , and paying , before embarking , one dollar each rcr hospi tal money ; ship finding berths , water , and tta Only . ** ^ i ^ ^ dEstnot transferable .

      " 0 % prorisiKis ana wearing spoarel allowed as « ISjp ; the rest to be paid for . ' Balance one for passaye £ 4 , asd which , with the capital mtrngy , mnst he paid on or before the ship goes oiu cf port , or the deposit will be forfeited , and the P- £ C € 3 as now agreed upon filled op by others . " Simed i FoT J" h ^ KOBISSOS , ^ " ^ \ M . SOM tii ^ i LLE . " ' 'L v 0011 "I ^^ Te 3 d tt ! 5 pretended rectipt , I asked * i ? they had rot paid all the passage money ? ' I » J 3 instantly told thfcy hsd . ' Then , " 1 asktd , why » | u , a * a bakece cf four pounds to pay V The answer ^ s Jiat ' the ybid paifianthey aerted for , namely , * t f ov 1 *« Et tttm directiy to " the tffice to iearn cy is - » as bo . They retnm = d to saTH = il the person

      , yzo zecHTed tbe money beiEE abstnt , no answe * could ' v ! ^^ 2 tlie n Tfent with " ihe poor woman and her E » = ™® -e GoTennreEt Office for the Protection of i asisniu . Jt -spas £ f&w jainnt « past fcnr . We fennd ' TfT J ara took thcm to tbe other Shipping ^ YrhErelhad ecgEged a passate for the fanuly , shLS *** ** ^ P ™ ed tbe whole matter . They Ktmta it > tnfieratand that snch thiegs -trere of no ; ^ ccnonon occurrence . 3 ergniped , 'If such ! •^ fflaa c ^ fl Bot j ^ lpal ovA ot ihe trade ? -j ^ " ^ 'That it mi disgraceful to baTe such I n--that it was calculated to bring all the shippers isTerpool into odium ? ' They said , They could ! ^¦ i asked , 'If they did not think it wonld be ] rjvpei to haTe the can * tsie . n ™ fnr swindlrnc Vi &

      v mi , « i hj ^ bjt ^ j ^ jjeutenM , t Henry first- ; l ^^ aid , 'it-wonldbeTreH tohaTetiiem arrested . * p ^ r ^ ttly WEnt in aearcb of tbe Superintendent of J ^ . but wa » not fortonate enough to find him . I SL ^ l easd l > rfore tfc * persons I met _ at the police ~~ They too , seesied to understand that this w » s . » JS ™ sa natter . They said , "Beforeyonproceedinany . ^ % J-ou had ietter « ee Mt Henry . " I therefore , r ^ w the womam , irith some witnesses , to meet me the : ^» u « iiioiniis , BnaTfe-woniawaiton the lieutenant « Ea cffic& . Wefound him in . I fsplaJnea the case , ?™» pesented to him-thfil \» a * hiTi it-sPtmld hove been

      ^ ^ Iff ^ tf -Jjeen-wadfi for the / oar i » a » ds balance , *»* t » hen tbe ship was going out of dock ; when the f ° r * 01 Dan ^ hating nothing left would haTe been thrown ™* the street , withljer seren cbildien , without home , " ~ f ¦* t « 3 nt asi 3 pence , when , Tery poKdbly , she had " ^ s * helots been ten miles from her home ; that I

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      tbousht it would be well to haTe the fellowa bn , u ? ht up for swindling ; and that I intended to lay the case before the Home Secretary . At this last remark , he Started , and asked me , « What be had to do with the Home Office , —that he was not appointed by the Home Office . ' I said , I did not intend to complain of his conduct to the GoTernment ; but it was truly surprising to hear him say that he was not appointed by the Home Office , while his bills , atuck upon the walls , stated that he -was appointed by the Government . * The lieutenant , after considering upon the case , and representing , amongBt other things , that , * although there was good proof &a to how Messrs . Robinson and their tools had acted , it would be difficult to con-Tict , as they would find persons to swear tbe contrary . "

      He then proposed to send an officer with Mrs . Bradley to the office . This he did ; and when the insolent and brntish fellow found they -were in a mesa , he instantly said , * It was nndwslood that a bargain had been struck , so as to lea « the balance stated , buthaTing found out the mistake , they were ready to take them for the £ l 4 10 s . ' which they acknowledged to haTe receiTed . The return of the whole sum howeTei was insisted on j and after an-imter-orfice consultation , and being informed of what I had threatened to do , t ! z . ' To bare them brought before the magistrate for swindling , that morning , if the money was not paid down to the woman , * it was instantly Tetnmed , and she -went and paid "tbe £ 12 10 s at the other office , where I had l > arj » ined for her , and she saDed directly by the ahip' Cambridge . '

      " Sir , among many complaints , I fonnd that tbe general opinion is , that a law ought to be passed for regulating the engaging of passages to foreign ports ; and that licenses ought to be granted to proper persons . At least , sn inTestigation ought to take plae « immediately into tbe general modft and management of these affairs ; for the cruelty and imposition is beyond calculation . Would my business permit me , 1 would , at my own charge , stay at the port , watch the proceedings , and make a report . ' * In the meantime , 1 shall be wost glad if you could conTeniently communicate with Sir James Graham , Terbally or by letter ; and I feel confident that thiB statement of the case , although most hurriedly drawn up , is sufficient to arouse year kind and beneTolent heart , and to cause yon to make an effort to put an end to conduct so Tile , so cruel , and so oppi essive . " I haTe the honour to remain , Sir , " Tours , most respectfully , "h . Pitkethly . "

      The facts connected with this case , brought so immediately under my own cegnizince , made a deep impression on my mind ; and when J at last made arrangements to *• go out , " I determined to make myself fully acquainted with the practices and conduct pursued towards Emigrants , both on shore , and when crossing the broad Atlantic . For this purpose I made many inquiries , and obtained nmch information , when at Liverpool ; of which more hereafter : and J also determined to take my passage among the crowd , ao that 1 might not only see , but feel , the common treatment to which pool Emigrants are subjected . I am now glad I did so , otherwise many facts with which I became but too well conversant , hoth on my outward and homeward passage , would haTe been unknown . I shull make them public , in the hope that they will lead to an altered state of things , much to the bentfit of th « j Emigrant

      DunEg the period I had the tonr in contemplation , I beld an txtensiTe correspondence with personal friends in the States for my guidance , and in onler that I might arrange matters so as to proceed through thecountry with as much facility , comfort , and adTautage as possible . This induced me to take the route of which a sketch will he hereafter giTen . Among ^ be correspondence referred to was a letter from my friend Dr . Smiles , of the city of Rochester in the State Of 2 few Ycrk , which was pnblished last summer , and which had an extensiTe circulation and txcited much Interest , in consequence of a suggested combined plan of emigration , for the carrying of which into effect SbTeral societies in England haTe been formed . More of this howeTer , hereafter .

      My ronte , generally speaking , was as follows : —I landed at Boston , in which city and ita neighbourhood I remained a few days , and then proceeded to Providence , the capital of Huode Irjland , and to Stonnington . From thence , by steamer ., up thB Straits which diTide Long Island from the Main ( and which is often called the East B ; Ter ) to Kew York ; from which I proceeded along the KiTer Hudson to Albany , and onward to the Shaker Tillage at New Lebanon , bordering on the Slate of Massachusetts ; from htre 1 returned paTtly by a different route to Albany , and proceeded to tbe West by railway through Schenectady , TJrics , Syracuse , Auburn , &c , to Buchtstfcr ; then to Lockport and Buffalo by packet ; next on Laka Erie by Dunkirk , Astabula , Fairport . Painesville . CleTeland ,

      Sandasky and other places in the State » f Ohio . I then crossed oTer the Lake , and landed at ilaldon , in Cmaaa ; nort to Detroit , capital of Michigan , which State 1 crossed in its full « stent . At St . Josephs i took steamer for Chicago , State of Illinois , in tie district ' of which I rtmsined some time . I then procowled to Racine , in Wisconsin territory , and onward to Rochester , ( in " Wisconsin ) , Troy , Ac , returning by Miln-ankey . I there tcok the steam-boat once more ard proceeded by the Feat and BeaTer Ialea on the north-west shore of the State of Michigan , passing the Straits of MIchiUiHiacinac , ( which diTJdts the State of Michigan from Wisconsin Territory ) , into Lake Hnrcn , where we soon reached the Island of Mackinaw , —a contraction of the name of Michillimacinac , — thence to the large island of Bois Blank ,

      landing on the east coast of Michigan , at a small settlement called Presqne Isle ; from thence to the rapids cf St . Clair , crossing Sagina"w Bay . At tbe entrance to the rapids is Fort Gr&tiot Thence p-issing through Lake St . Clair , we airiTed again at Detroit , ard went by the Lske Erie to Buffalo . From here I went by steamer snd railway , passing Black Rock , Grand and JIaTy Islands , with Schlosser and Chippewa ( the principal scenes in the Canadian reToiution ) to the Great Falls of Niagara ; from which I prcceedad to I > rcniQjondrfine , at Qneenston , in Canada ; crossed the great rrrer to J / twiston , and took Rail-sray to Lockport , and from thence proceeded onward by canal packets to Rochester , and by previous route to New York . From that city I again set sail lot England .

      I haTe considered it proper to giTe this introductory outline of my " Tour , " before the " Notes" taken during it , are commenced publishing . When the latter are flnishea , a series of » bserTationa and reflections will follow , in which I shall endeaTour to make the reader acquainted with tht impressions which the facts I haTe collected haTe made on my mind ; and also endeaTour to apply the information so acquired to a practical purpose , baring for its object and end the benefit sad -well-being or tbe poor Emigrant , driven by * ' hard tunes '' from his natiTe land . 1 flatter myaelf that when tbe whole ib completed , a mass of information not hitherto accessible -will be in tbe bands of the peopie . If that should , in only a slight degree , subserve their interests , and lead to benefit , roy object and aim will fee answered .

      1 am , my friends , Yours , deTotedly , L- PlTKETHLT . Huddersfield , March 27 th , 1843 . P . S . —In the course of the aboTe introductory letter , I haTe alluded to a communication , received from Dr . John Smylts , of Rochester , State of New York , which h \ 3 txcited considerable attention . Believing that it will be found to contain Taluahle information , of immediate practical nse to tbe "OUt-gOing " emigrant , independent of the " suggested plan" before spofcen of , I haTe giTen it entire . The writer is a man of RttenaTB information , acknowledged ability , and has had a many years experience in the United States . Ke is cousin to the Editor of the Leeds Times .

      TO MR . L . PITESTHLY . I reeeiTed with mucb pleasure your letter of the 4 th of October , 1 S 41 . Although it is twelve years since 1 last saw yon , I had no difficulty in recognising the old friend with whom I first formed an acquaintance in London . Yon say youJhaTe written to me twice or thrice . 1 regret I did not gel your letters , as it would have gratified me mucb to have ktpt up a correspondence with you . 1 should haTe liked especially to baTe heard from yon during the sitting of the National Convention , of whish you was a metnber . Its proceedings particularly

      interested me , and 1 seldom saw an English paper , on tbe intelligence and veracity of which I could rely . The American journals , 2 regret to say , as a whole , were not over friendly to the Chartists , and their actions in detail they seldom noticed . A stray Northern Star , or a Leeds Times , conducted by my cousin , were the only Bources of information 1 received , and even these , being like angels' visits , " few and far betwt-en , " 1 was often left in ignorance of tbe real state of the popular moTement in England . In the country where 1 iiTfc—so farlrom New York—an Englisn paper is at all times & rare & £ ur ; a radical one , to UBS a homely Scotch

      saying , " is anght for sau een . " 1 still remain as radical as eTer ; nay , probably I am more dteply dyed in the wool than when you first knew me . Yet this country , or rather a reEiuence in it of years , often changes the political opinions of old country radicals . One sees so little of real practical republican-Ism , that some are apt to become disgusted , and because of a little disappointment , almost become . Tory . But to my mind , this is but a skin-deep "view of things . A people just set up for themselves on a new principle , cannot act with perfect wisdom at once . It would be absurd to expect it ,- bnt so long as they possess sufficient intelligence io retain in their own hands the power of change , time will correct the many abuses that have crept into their legislatUm . The greatest eril inbe which the American people haTe fallen , is

      that of hiring allowed wealth an andue influence . Por yean back , wealth alone has been legislated for . Tbnmghomt th « - Union , in erery state , legislators seemed U Tctet for so other purpose ft , ftT » to enact laws to enhasoe its powei and innuei . ee . Henoe corporations antf monopolies of all kinds sprung top Tear after year , like axsanrooms In September . Ji appears to me now , ^ owetei , that the peopled ey « sar * opening to the fact , that no man , ot body of men , are entitled to any privilege or right , beyond tbe right of dtiaenship . Tbe foundation stoBe on which the whole superstructure of their system irai bnilt , wa « , that all men were born politically , ana In toe eye of all late , free and equal In theii declaration *> t independence , this fundamental truth was the . starting point , bufc ever since , in action , it has been lost sight of . Special , or

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      class legislation , has obtained ? to a great extent , and unleBS tbe evil be remedied , ear institutions ^ "ill become a mockery and a byeweid . Wealth will rale as surely and as certaiuly as it does with you . I sometimt 9 think , in thepreeent state ef the intelligence and mora Nty of the moat advanced people , it will do so yet for ages ; but I nevertheless struggle against its irflasnee , -whether wisely or well , is a problem . Where the intelligence of the masses is unequal to tfce full understanding of their system of government , it is a simple and easy matter to cajole and deceive them , so as to render their productive powers subservient to advance special interests . I think it must be conceded that the form of our goTernment was in adTance of tfia intelliligence of the people—hence the many anti-republican

      institutions that they permitted to grow up every-Wheie . They axe the poisonous vines that bave s \ o-wly and stealthily crept up the tree of liberty . Unless pruned off , they will anrely destroy its vitality . Tbat such will not be their fate , I feel a fervent hope , enlivened and cheered , by what I have observed since I came to this country , of the desire of the people to correct abuses which designing and selfish men have willingly encouraged , I cannot but entertain the belief that all will yet go well . The productive classes are firm and determined republicans . They have been so often misled by cunning politicians , they are daily becoming awakened to the fact , that they must understand Government in all its relations themselves , and not take the dictum of travelling orators as the standard by

      which to act and judge in politics , economy , and flnanca They begin to study these matters , and think and act on their own responsibilities . These branches of knowledge too are being taught In out Common schools—& thing hitherto neg 2 ected in all countries—and in this lies the political salvation of the people . Indeed , among the rising generation , a knowledge of government i 3 becoming a primary part of education ; esteemed in this country more essential than all else . Without a thorough understanding of what it is , I look upon the mere right of Suffrage and the Ballot as of small amount , and probably of doubtful good . England is about the 8 » me hiza as this State . Suppose by the wand of the enchanter the population of the first was at a moment ' s notice crowded within the area

      of tbe last , with the same productive means , and all the rights of citizenship conferred upon tbem . in tbe present state of their knowledge , do you think they would be much better off ? Not at all . The same inequality of condition would soon exist , and the masses have to beg to be permuted to labour , many of whom would not be so permitted , but would die of starvation . The Charter , as a mere instrument to confer rights , such as voting for a reprtsentative , Sec , would do little good to the people of England in itself . It is the revolution tbat it would necessarily bring about —the destruction of a Bplendid but frivolous and uselfcss government , which all their earnings are tnxed to support—the annihilation in sosae way of the national debt—the abrogation of the laws of primogeniture—and

      the permission of the more equal division of the soil among the many . A universal interest must take the place of special interests , and the education of tbe people , and not their ignorance , must be the object of legislation . If the state of intelligence is such , that the aaffrage might be conferred and yet wealth and ita influence , privilege and prejudice , maintain their sway , the liberty of all to vote would be a grand evil . When a man has Us children starving at borne , let him be evet so © ou&tieutiouB , a loaf of bread will buy bis vote . Nature will speak more thunder-toned than patriotism ; or rather , addresses to his patriotism . Do not fancy me tinged with Toryism , because 1

      discourse thus . No ; but I have studied tbe matter here , where what you are fighting for is in operation , and I have long discovered that a people may be given all the rights ot freemen , and yet not maintain themselves euch . The right to vote , without the right to labour , I cannot understand . To be unable to obtain the permission to do eo , is the same thing in my eyes , fot laws that will bring about » r preserve a state of things that necessitates many to ask and be denied the right to live by labour—to preserve a mere physical existence—is dreadful to contemplate bere . and yet I have Been it more than once in our crowded cities . What will it be a century hence , if the peeple do not look to it in time ?

      But I must now reply more directly to your letter , or you will tire of my philosophising . In regard to Wisconsin Territory , I never was there , but many of my countrymen and friends from this quarter have visited it . From the account given by all , it must be a coble country , with a soil and climate fitting it admirably for English settlers . Its situation on tbe map is such , that you can ship either to New York er New Orleans , and receive from either place supplies in return . In climate , it approximates nearer to England than any other part of America . The section I now live in is too cold , full six months of winter , and I dislike thia very much . This is a dreary time for us farmers to sit by tue fire-side . A » you remark in your letter , any kind of land may be had in Wisconsin , prairie , wooded ,

      or part wtt , although I fancy not much of the last . All of it is said to be better adapted for growing wheat than any other part of the Union . In population it is rapi < Jly increasing , and will , in a year or two , become a state . By all means come and see ths country before you determine on anything ,- bnt from a knowledge of yonr formur active life , I should predict it would not suit your disposition Id settle down jn the wilderness of the far west to the cultivation of the soil . There would not be Bufficient to keep in play your active mind , unless , indeed , you brought 3000 people wilh you—combined their labour in agricultural pursuits for your mutual benefits—you to reap for the capital advanced a fair return , and they for the labour spent an equal tquivalent ; and if you

      even gave to the last , as it ought to have , the largest share , in the end you would reap a rich reward . A reward that would gladden tbe hardest heart , to see 1060 people independent and happy , and you with a property always improving , and interest enough to save you from any loss in the outlay of capital . I have no donbt all this could be accomplished , if one haJ means enough to start and carry through the Scheme , and without losing a farthing . AdoUibt plan might be adopted with probably a better chance of success . It is one I have long thought of , and yen are the very man to pat it in execntion and carry it tbrongh . It is this . To establish an agency in England , Scotland , and Ireland , for the purchase of a million of acres in Wisconsin , at government price , about five shillings ,

      English money , per acre , every subscriber to be entitled to a quantity of land , from five to a thousand acres , according to tbe amount of money subscribed That a company might be formed by an enterprising man for this purpose , I have no deubt ; and Wisconsin is just tbe place for such a scheme . There , any quantity of land could &e had , and that , too , fitted for every feina of purpose . Water privileges , and every other facility afforded in abundance ; and , as I before said , the climate well adapted for Englishmen . At the present criBiB in England , there must be many small farmers who wcuM be glad to join such an association ot friends and countrymen , before the last of their means is expended in taxation . They only want , I am persuaded , a leader ; one to point out the way ,

      show the advantages of the scheme , aud be , as it were , the pioneer in the business . The individual members of the company might have their choice of the kind , as well as the quantity of land , and tbe price be appraised according to its relative value , and tbe privileges attached to it In this way , the best would bring a little over the cost price to pay expences of survey , agency , &i ., and the worst would be sold for less The oVjcct -would be to benefit the condition of all , and not subserve individual interest . To form & community of countrymen aud friends , an extensive social circle of these in the west , to be away from the misery that is making rapid approaches to every man's door at home , would be worthy of a Howard . I am satisfied , after you have seen Wisconsin , and had some personal talk with me here , when yon come over in the spring , you will embrace the plan . It is the very thing to give employment to your native energy and activity ,

      and I f £ el assured it would bo tbe means of rescuing many from the misery of poverty , that must speedily come upon them if they remain at home . Besides , if an asEociation like this was formed , many would immigrate who stay at home . They would not then have to dread being left amorg strangers in a far land , but would mingle with , and bt tustained by , old familiar faces , to Tusmen , and eountrymen . The Canada Company have long acted upon the plan I have sketched ; but they tave dona i | to make money as monopolists , and succeeded even in this , although they could offer no political privileges to the people , beyond what they had bad at borne . Tbe soil and climate , too , is every way inferior , particularly the latter . As regards bringing seeds , roots , trees , < fcc this is of no ute at all . These things can be had , and at a cheaper rate , htre . A person ought to bring nothing rciih him but indiistrioits liabils , and as much capital as he can scrape together .

      After seeing America , if you think tbe plan feasible , and capable of accomplishment , it would be a good thine to write out a plain and true account of the countiy , its soil , products , &c , and lay it , through tbe columns of some influential journal in England , bfcfore the pubjic . Indeed , if yon know of any paper wbo would pay a trifle for such information—as much as would cover my expences in travelling west—I would gladly accompany you wben you come here . I hftv © been long accustomed to write for the press , and ray long residence here , enables me to give much information on American matters , hitherto but slightly touched on , if tonched on at all . I mean information of interest to tbe farming class of the old country , and they are Beldom addressed by our fashionable American tourists . Yon say trnly , when yon remark , that little dependence is to be placed on English writers on

      America . "With very few exceptions , their books are the most trashy affairs that « ver woHnded the vanity of a Tain people , or administered to the prejudice or ill nature of the Engliih Tories . Nearly all of them evince the most connmmato ignorance of the character of the yeomanry of tbia . ' eonntry , aeTertheles * this li the class whose noble Impulses gVi « tone and -rigour to the national character-Tandthey are the real bal-Trsrks ot American liberty . Who , amongst these flippant manufactBrera of books , have made it their object to study the habits , thefeelings , the desires , and tbe capacity for action of the Yankee farmers ? Did th « writers go among them , and make these a Btudy ; observe the unwearied Industry , the temperate and virtuous tenor of their conduct , their general intelligence , and the honest independence after which their spirit craTEs ? Ko ; but frittering away time among small parts of society—among thoBe who ape the

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      vicious habits of the European aristocracy , which their means are unable to support : they , after a few months , conclude to give a sketch of America and the Americans , as if they knew about it and them . For the most part all they spend their wit In pencilling the corrupt productions whicb result from the exotic plants borrowed from the old world ; but those of a nobler growth , indigenous to the soil , are thought unworthy of-notice . To estimate , correctly , the genuine American , and the effects of the institution ^ under which he lives , in forming his character , one must abide among the fatmerB of every degree , wbo hold from twenty-five to fifty , one hundred or two hundred acres ; and who work the soil they

      own . Find out , that it is the ambition of all to become possessed of a piece ot land , which the poorest can call bis own , and observe , in conseQBence , tbe influence of republicanism , oa the more equal division of the soil among the people . Contrast the system which encourages this , and permits the attainment of the former objects of human industry , with that which prevails in England , where wealth is produced but to be unprodvrtively consumed in ostentation , pageantry , and tomfoolery . No ; this would not do . It would be to stab to the very vitals , the artificial and abhorrent system that obtains , not only in England , but over ail old countries , and lend a glorious aid to the millions now atrugffling for political salvation ; but this is far from being the object of such writers .

      I have thus , my dear sir , written you a long letter . Probably , although I have had time to write it , you may not have to read it . I do little else but write , and I know you are always busy acting . I have a farm three miles from Rochester , and in the winter time especially , I have little to amuse me at night but to write . It pleases myaeif , if it does no one else . I am far from being ricb and great , as yon suppose , but I am sufficiently independent \ o do pretty much as I like , " caring for nobody , if nobody cares for me . " If you reach New York in May , you will find me at No . 78 , Franklin Street , at my brothers—if before , or after , here—and be sure to call on me j most folks in Rochester can direct you to my residence . Meantime , 1 am , my dear sir , Yours , respectfully and sincerely ,

      John Smyles State of JNew York , Rochester , February 1 . 1812 .

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      LEEDS . —Housebukakikg . —At an early hour on Tuesday morning last , the reeidenco of the Rev , Charles Clapham , incumbent of Armley , was entered by thieves , who bored a hole with a brace and bit , and by that means unbolted the door , The thieves obtained for a booty several articles of silver plate , including' spoons , sugar tongs , a wine strainer , a small box , a fruit kniye marked " B . Clapham ;" some plated articles , including decaliters frames , doutors , toddy ladles , and candlesticks ; some pewter articles , and a brown silk umbrella . The robbery would go far to show that this neighbourhood is infested with a daring fiang of thieves—the system of " boring , '' from the noibe which it necessarily makes having been laid aside far some years .

      Sudden Death op ak Ikfact . —On Saturday evening last , an inquest was hold at the houso of Mr . W . Penniston , the Woolpacks Inn , Littlo Loudon , to enquire touching the death of an infant named William Irving , residing at Little London . The child was two months old , and had been rather poorly on' Wednesday last ; it was found dead in bed on Thursday morniug , without any marks of violence , or without any suspicion of any thiug being wrong . Verdict— " Died by the visitation of God . " A Disorderly . —On Saturday last , a man named John M'Keuna , was fined 20 * . aud costs , by Messrs . Wright aud Musgrave , at the Court House , for haviug on the previous evening , while intoxicated , at the Cross Keys , in Water lane , drawn a knife , and treatoned to stab the landlord , for refusing to fill him any more alo . lid was sent to Wakefield for a month in default of , payment .

      Assault on Females . —On Mon < iay last , an old Scotchman , named John Thompson , residing in Brewery Field , was brought before the sitting Ma / zjstjrates , at the Court -Souse , Griffith Wright and James Musgrave , Esquires , on a charge of having feloniously assaulted two little girls , named Martha Whitaker and Elizabeth Tato . Trie old wretch , who looked upwards of sixty , lived neighbour to the girls , one of whom had neither father nor mother . He has been in the habit of going to the tho , house of one of them during her ciater ' s absenco at werk , and on Friday morning at seven o ' clock , was shown to have committed the offence wiih which he was now charged . The outrage on ( he other girl took place about a month ago . The Magistrates fined him £ 4 and costs ; or in default of payment , to go two months to Wakeuold House of Correction .

      Overseers of the Poor . —On Saturday last , the magistrates of this borough held a special sessions at the Court Houso , for the purpose of appointing oveiseers of tho poor for the township of Leeds * and the various out-townships , for the ensuing year . There were preseat—The Mayor ( in the chair ) , Griffith Wright , Esq ., James Musgravo Esq ., Henry Hall , Esq ., ; Anthony Tetloy , Esq ., Joseph Robert Atkinson , F . sq ., Richard Bramlny , Esq ., Hamer Stanefeld , Em ? ., Ralph Markland , E-q , Edward Baines , E- ; q , James lioldforth , Esq ., George

      Goodman , L-iq , JL > . W . rxell , Erq ., and Thomas iiebden , E-q . before proceeding to business , Henry Hall , E-q ., addressed his brother magistrates and recommended to their adoption the plan agreed upon last year , of choosing an equal number from each party , so as to avoid all appearance of making the office a political one . Edward Baines . Esq ., cordially concurred iu the arrangement : ho had watched its operation during the past year , and it had been found to work well . Tho following are the parties in whom the office of overseer was then vested for the ensuing year : —

      LEEDS TOWNSHIP . Mill' Hill . —Mr . William Reinhardt , druggist , Briggate ; Mr . James Wales , silversmith , Boarlane . West . —Mr . Peter Law Atkinson , Hanover-place ; Mr . Luke Marsh , Queen ' s-square ; Mr . W . Avens , Skinner-street . North West . —Mr- John Daniel , Cobourg-street ; Mr . Matthew Johnson , Brunswick-street . North . —Mr . John Metcalfe , Trafalgar-street : Mr . Joseph Broadhead , Lowerhead-row . North East . —MT . Thomas Weddall , St . Peters ' - square , paper-stainer ; Mr . James Phillips , Mr . Gervase Horsheld , Beckett-street . East . — W . Wm . Burrows Hainsworth ; Mr . James Craddock .

      Kirkgaie .-r-Mr . Richard Stead , maltster , Kirkgate ; Mr . James Linsley , grocer , Brig ^ ate . South —Mr . Jeremiah Scott , spirit merchant , Waterloo-street : Mr . Thomas Walsh , marble

      mason . OUT-TOWNSHIPS . Armley . —Mr . R . W . Simpson , Mr . S . W . Farrer - Hunslet . —Mr . Wm . Bailey Holdswortb , Mr . Samuel Patty , Mr . John Rot her y , Mr . John Rayner . Holbeck . —Mr . Joseph Isherwpod Whalley , Mr . Wm . Naylor , Mr . Emmanuel Briggs . Mr . Thomas Crosaiand . Beeston . —Mr . Richard Crossley , Mr . James Ingham . Worthy . —Mr . Benj . Barton , grocer , Mr . George Heppor , gentleman . Famley . — -Mr . John Ingham , Mr . James Troughton . Bramley . —Mr . Robert Wood , Rodley-road , Mr . Robert Clough , Mr . Robert Wood , saddler , Mr . James Walker .

      Chapel Alter ton . —Ms . Vivian Procter , Me . Wm . Watson . Headingley . —Mt . Joshua Benn , Headin&ley , Mr . Joseph Whitlaker , Kirkstall . Potlernewion . —Mr . Wm . Stubbs , butcher ; Mr . Hutohinson Gresham , pawnbroker . The appeal days were fixed for the last Thursday in May , August , November , and February ; and the special sessions for passing the accounts of the overseers fof the past year , were fixed fox Thursday next , the 13 th instant .

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      A New Theory- — " A new and startling theory as regards the painful duration of human life , appears in a little book called * TheExtraordinary Life and Times of Thomas Parr , ' generally called Old Parr , tins little work , besides the said theory contains mubh that is instructive and profitable , as regards tho means of ensuring good health , &ud all may be obtained gratuitously of any agent for Parr ' a Life Pills—a medicine which is rapidly superseding all others , aa it has never failed to conquer the most inveterate disorders .

      Rural Adventure . —In an evening last week one of the rural police was going down , a rather solitary road between Lenton and Radford , when he heard a slight noise , sounding like a suppressed groan ; he went up to the spot , as near as he could guess , from whence the noise proceeded , and called out " Who's there ! " he was answered by some animal jumping up , and Riving him a dreadful bite oo the thigh . The poor fellow , much frightened , took to his heels , and ran away as fast as ha conld ; he felt himself growing very faint , when he luckily met a brother raral ,

      to whom h © communicated what bad just occurred , and wished him to go and see what it was that had bitten him , but , in our opinion , be acted' wisely in thinking " the bfiiter part of valour was discretion , " and refused , and went home instead with the poor man . By the the time he had reached home his trousers were Boaked wiih blood , and the wounds he had received were from most tremendously large teeth . A surgeon was sent for , and the man has been ill in bed for several days . The nest morning some persons , on proceeding to the spot of the preceding Bight ' s adventure , found a dead asa , —Nottingham Review . ,

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      HARMONY HALL . LETTER IV . TO THE EDITOR OF TBE NORTHERN STAB . Sir , —In accordance ] with the statement contained in my last letter , I now give in detail , some of the proceedings of the Rational j Society at this establishment , in order tbat your readers may have before them the experience the society have gained with regard to practical operations on the lapd . When the estate waa taken in 1839 a consultation was held to determine what course should next be adopted . Mr . Oweu , who well knew by practical experience that no good result would arise , uuleas every

      arrangement was complete , and in order , and tbe energies of the members were tightly directed , advised in tbe in the first instance that : it should be used as an ordinary farm , and all ths funds then at tbe command of the society should be applied to patting thb land in tbe highest possible state of cultivation , and that ; the most strenuous efforts should be made to procure a large supply of funds , ; wherewith to provide every necessary convenience before any members were called to it , &a he knew that they must , of necessity , become tbe reflex of the circumstances by which they should be surrounded . i

      Tbe popular excitement for commencing practical operations and the enthusiasm and zeal of some of the leading members of the society , contributed together to overpower this advice , and as Mr . Owen well knew that experience would be forcible , and the most direct teacher , he offered no objections to their course , but resigned the office of Goyernor , to which he had been elected , In favour of a more sanguine person , and ja draught of about forty persons was made . These parties commenced their task with a zeal and energy which clearly exhibited the honest Intention with which they came to it , and they showed

      themselves , in their respective departments , to be highly qualified for the pnrposesSfor which they were selected ; but there was an absence of tbat general and full ceinprehensivenesa , of so large an uudertaking , which was absolutely neceieary for { successful results , and after progressing for a considerable period , struggling through a great number of difficulties , providing some better circumstances for thoir future comfort , and working moat industriously at their various occupations , the leading parties came to the resolution , tbat it would be highly desirable tbey should again have the counsel and advice of Mr . Owen , with regard to the course tbey ought to pursue .

      Mr . Owen immediately advised a great change to be made , and that the operations should be limited to the narrowest possible extent ; until a larger supply of funds was at tbe command of the society , and tbis course was adopted , a ; . d matters were restricted to tbe narrowest point , up to the meeting of Congress , feeld in Manchester , in May , 1841 . At this Congress Mr . jOwen resumed tbe office of Governor of the Queenwobd Comajuuity , as it was then called , and proceeded vigorously to re organize tbe strength of the Society , and to put the land in high

      cultivation ; he also commenced the erection of Harmony Hall , as the first normal establishment for the formation of the character of the human race , on principles entirely different frjom any yet adopted , is any iige or country : principles which , when they harve had tbe opportunity of becoming fully developed , will allow , not only without any cost or loss to society , but with the greatest possible advantage to every individual concerned in their introduction , of tbe establishment of that system of { universal education , and of permanent beneficial employment , which formed the Bubject of my laat letter . .

      Hinmony Hail , whicb waa commenced in August , 1841 , was erected at a cost of about £ 10 , 000 , and was first used for tbe Congress , which was held in May , 1842 . It was at that period in a very unfinished state , and even up to the present time , some portions are not completed . Everything id tbis building , which is calculated fur the accommodation of about one hundred and fifty persons , is of the moat substantial and superior kind . It is constructed on a plan for three distinct divisions , or classifications of tbe inmates , in accordance with their ages . The front part of the building is adapted far the younger portion of the residents of both sexes , such as are still unmarried . The centre is intended for the adult married persons , and contains accommodation for twenty couples , being arranged in

      such a manner that the bedrooms may serve as occasional sitting rooms . The bock of the building was intended for the infant establishment , -which at present is held in ] tbe house built by the members Boon after they came down and used as their residence until they removed into Harmony Hall . The building also contains the necessary offices for transacting tbe business of the society , of tbe governor , the matron , and secretary , and good and convenient storerooms for ail tbe purposes of the establishment . There are also in the front division of the building large and capacious dining , sitting ; and drawing-rooms , the former adapted to tbe classification of ages of which I before spoke , and the kitchen has already acquired a celebrity for its superior proportions which places it on an equality with any in the kingdom .

      I know it has been considered by many that the erection of this building , and the consequent outlay , at this period of tho society ' s operations , were premature and extravagant ; and thevp was a short period during which I entertained this opinion ; but subsequent experience has convinced trie tbat the soundest , wiatst , and most prudent course which could have been taken , was to provide a superior residence , where at the least a nucleus of min 4 should be formed , capable of appreciating the great , noble and enlarged views of the founder of the rational system , and willing , in consequence of tbe convictions ! thereby produced , to brave everything in defence of those principles , which : ne capable uf conferring auch unbounded happiness on the human race .

      A great mistake has hitherto always been made , in supposing tbat a few of the working classes cvn advantageously associate , without superior circumstances , in a manner that shall enable them to cope with the capitalists , who are often supposed to be their raturalenemies ; but this mistake has readily been corrected by the proceedings which have taken place here . We now see that the permanent happiness of every individual ia only to be obtained by the general happiness of the whole of the human family being secured ; and we likewise see the manner in which tbis can be done . Education and employment must become the

      regenerators of the human race , and this education must be founded on ascertained principles of nature , and given equally to every child that shall be placed within combined operations . Already we witness the vivifying effacis of superior circumstances , { more especially ou the minds of the rising generation . They are acquiring strong physical constitutions , free and happy dispositions , healthful pleasant countenances , and / mental and moral qualifications , which attest strongly the truth of our fundamental principle , that the character of man is formed for him and not by him . ' '

      With regard to the laudi our farms are now getting inte the best cultivation of any in the neighbourhood , and we are anxiously desirous of calling on a sufficient number of our fellowuien , to come and partake with us the pleasure and delight which ia afforded by preparing for the great and ( nighty change , which notwithstanding every obstacle ! that can be opposed to us , must soon arrive . As I stated in my last , we could now locate some hundreds , and shall do so ; as soon as tbe necessary funds and other circumstances are at our command ; but the great object of our undertaking must be to exhibit to the world a specimen of what can be done by tbe scientific combination of land , labour , skill , and capita ) , well and wisely directed .

      One well-arranged , well-conducted combination upon a sufficiently extensive scale , actuated by the true principles of the Rational System , will produce such conviction on the minds of all yvbo visit it , as shall secure the adoption of the system on a national basis , and every effort must now be made for tbis being done without delay . ¦ We are laying out about twenty-seven acres for a garden aud orchard ; and ibe progress whicb is making in this department , is of the ' most satisfactory kind and character . In the course ¦ of a comparatively short period we shall have the most superior circumstances in these respects that have yet been combined , and if we increase the extent of the combinatiou in a proper ratio , there will be an economy and a return for the capital embarked , that will throw every other means of producing wealth iuto the shade .

      In the progress towards this state of things we must : use every energy , and subdue every personal feeling ; j self-denial , in the common acceptation of the term , is absolutely necessary in the highest degree , from every j individual who proposes to ' : become a pioneer of the j Rational System ; but thia self-denial is amply compen- , sated by daily witnessing the progress which Is made in ; the introduction of a superior mode of life , for themselves , their families , and eventually for the whole of their fellownien . , j We have commenced an educational establishment a » , & means for affording the beet opportunity of training j future meinbera for tbe system , and for assisting in : meeting the outlay incurred ; and as soon as our general ! arrangements will permit , We shall commence some ! description of manufactures , so as to give the largest j possible amount of employment . ;

      No one must imagine from the outline I have given that the point to which we have now arrived is to be , obtained without considerable difficulty , requiring the j continual exercise of prudence , cant 7 . cn , and foresight , witb strong determination , nrmoesr , and love of order . These , and many other qualifications , are highly necessary for the introduction of & sys ' . em that has been and for a time will be , in oppositio a to all the prejudices and errors of old society ; and with respect to tbe fature we mast and ( to exp > . ct fax higher trials than any that have yet been aacorintered . Bat the happiness or misery of the world ladepending on the progress we sake , and tbis must and will stimnlate every individual who hears of our pxoep edlnga , to uk in what way he can further tbe great ' cause J ? 6 have in hand , and an irresistible union wi ' , 1 aodn b « formed , that shall secure every advantage w a require )

      In my next lef . cer I will give an account of the manner in which the Members resident in the establishment spend tteir U me . j I am , sir , You * obedient servant , I William Qai , i > jh . Hatmony Hall , near Stocfebxidge , Hants , March 25 , 1843 ,

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      TO THE EDITOa OF THE NOBTBEKN STAR . -Dear Sir , —Well knowing yoo to be a lover of fair play , and always willing to expose tyranny in all its varied forms , I take the liberty of forwarding the following facts , trusting you will give them publicity ia your widely circulated journal . On Friday , the 17 th of March , a little before nine o ' clock ia the evening , as I was passing by the police station , in this town , on my way home , I was stopped by a policeman of the name of Patrick Spellman , who , without the least provocation began pushing me about I asked him if I could not go quietly about my business without being insulted ? Upon which he seized me by the collar , and threw me on the pavement . He then picked me up , and again threw ma down across the iron curbing

      of the pavement The violence of the fall was such as to render me partially insensible , but I retained sufficient recollection to know tbat the " rural gent " dragged me inside the police station , and , after being kindly permitted to stand there a few minutes , several of these " rural gentry" deliberately and forcibly pushed me outside the door . I then waited near the place for the purpose of ascertaining whether friend Patrick Spellman , whose face , despite baa disguise , ( for he / was in coloured clothes , ) I well knew was going out on night duty er not Finding he was not , I proceeded homewards . On tbe Monday morning fallowing , I applied for a warrant for Patrick for an assault . The case came off on Friday last , March 24 th , before Mr . Henry Hill , and Mr . Dchane . After I bad stated my

      cbarge in a plain distinct manner , the head of tee " rurals / ' wbo delights in the cognomen ef Colonel Hogg , cross questioned me at some length , with a view I suppose of Bhakiug my evidence ; but h b valuable tim ' e was completely thrown away in that respect , as I had bo vindictive feelings towards any of the police force , snd I appearrd before tha magistrates for the sola purpose of seeing whether an inhabitant and a rate-payer i-f the town was \ o be grossly insulted without giving the least provocation , and the aggressor was to escape with impunity , merely because be waa a " rural policeman . " My witnesses , three in number , one of whom was a policeman , were then ealled upon , and fully corroborated my statements . The whole of thi witnesses for Patrick were policemen , with the

      exception of a little Irish woman , who keeps a lodginghouse , and who was very particular as to what she swore , and in whose bouse Patrick lodges ; these witnesses , as many persons present can testify , were so contradictory in their evidence as to create feelings of disgust in almost every one in court One of the force informed tbe magistrates that when I applied for the warrant , I did not knew tbe man ' s name , fot that he was present at tbe time I made the application . 1 then called upon Messrs . Bache and Lee , two of tbe magistrates' clerk , one of whom granted me- tbe warrant , who proved before tbe magistrates tbat I applied for the warrant in the policeman ' s proper name of Patrick Spellman , before tbe said peliceman entered the room . Mr . Dethane , one of tbe magistrates , then tolti me that he h . ui not the least doubt but what

      I had staged was correct respecting the injury I had received , but tbat the evidence was so contradictory that ho bad a doubt as to the identity of the person charged with the assault , and tbat , as a matter of course , friend Patrick would receive tbe benefit of sucb duubt 5 . The case was then dismissed , and I had tbe satisfaction of paying three shillings for allowing Patrick to insult me .

      I am , dear Sir , Your ' s very respectfully , George Bkown , Town Well Fold , Wolverhampton .

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      TO THE EDITOR OF THE NORTHERN STAR . Sir—Having been at Newcastle on Saturday , the 25 th instant , in going down Gateshead , 1 fell in with a friend , and we leisurely walked over the bridge together ; « . ben about the centre of it ,, we passed by a person begging . After we had gone five or six yards from him , my friend , turned quickly round and said , " Ah ! do you know who that young man is with bis hat in his hand begging ? " I answered immediately , " No , Sir , wbo is it ? " " Well , It iB poor CocKburn , tbe Chartist , and he cannot get anywerk , because he is of tbat opinion , and his indomitable spirit will not let him submit , aud there you see him , forsaken by his friends , a humiliating spectacle to his enemies , and a terror to others from following in his footsteps . "

      I * really was paralysed and motionless for sometime , and wbep recovered , my friend and I went and gava him our mites , with strong feelings of emotion for the man who c < mld held to bis principles with so much tenacity and zeal , and beard his very enemies in the mid ^ t of so much distress , shivering witb cold , and holding out the hand of want to those whom he knew would rather mock him than relieve bis necessities . Are there no humane and Christian Chartists in Newcastle , to take up this poor aud all-bat blind man's cause ? Will no one see that something is done

      for aim ? for ia his degradation , every moa iu the cause is doubly bound to do so ; no man will put himself at the head of the cause in any town , when Cockbiim ' 8 situation is constantly before bis ye , I am not of the body of Chartiata myself , neither would I , from the situation I hold , be allowed to be so ; but feel strongly that something must be done to allfviate tbe distress and awful misery of our country , and I fuel assuted that no one will attribute this letter to anything but a pure desire to stimulate some kind friend ( say Mr . Sinclair ) , to get up a subscription in aid of this persecuted and spirited patriot A Lover of Humamiy .

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      TO THE EDITOR OF THE NORTHERN STAR . Sir—I trust as you laat week published ' w > lettera respecting me , signed William Oddy and John Smith , you will allow me the privilege of having a few lines more inserted , informing thess parties of their duties , and cf enabling the subscribers of the money Mr . Paddie has received from Bradford , and which was originally intended to redeem his wateh , to ascertain correctly how such money has really been so appropriated . After I had read tbe paragraph which appeared in your paper of the 4 * . h inat . from your Bradford correspondent , charging me with having 3 s . 2 ft . belonging to Mr . Peddle , I wrote a letter to the sub-Secretary , informing him that I had no knowledge of having such money , and tbat I had paid a Bum , but I did not exactly know the amount , for interest of Mr . Peddie ' a

      wntch at Leeds , ou the day the large meeting \ 7 as held in Marshall's factory , at Holbeck , and that I had no * remembrance of having received it from either tn . e Bradford Council or Mr . Peddie ' 8 friend ; but stated if I bad , U would be acknowledged in the Association books in my own band-writing ; and , whether it was so or not , I requested he would let me know by note ot otherwise . Had Mr . Smith complied witb my request , whicb be might have done with very little sacrifice , I should not have written er put you to the trouble of publishing anything from me ; but instead of this , it appears clear that Mr . Smith , who , I am informed , is your . Bradford correspondent , had much rather- leave bis statement unexplained , that be may have frequent opportunities of making a display of his oratorical powers to the Council concerning it , and of writing letters for publication in yonr paper .

      I assure you , for my pare , that I have no desire to occupy any space in your Journal more than is necessary , or justice to the accused requires . -Had Mr . Smith stated , in the paragraph Whicb appeared ^> n the 4 th instant , for what purpose I received the 3 s . 2 d ., perhaps I might have remembered the time and circumstance—and it would have saved you and me part trouble . This , I conceive , it was his duty to do , and not to publicly accuse me of having 3 a . 2 a . belonging to Peddie , and , at the Bame time , know he wa 3 sending for publication an abominable falsehood , which be must have done , if he had examined the books , aa he states in his letter of last Saturday ' s paper , and found tbe receipt of it acknowledged in my own hand writing . How he and Mr . Oddy can both have omitted this may appear strange to a many , but it does not to

      me . Mr . Smith I am somewhat acquainted with , and am not at all surprised at its being so . I imagine it cannot be possible that Messrs . Smith , and Oddy , and their twelve witnesses , could be so foolish as to give me 38 . 2 d ., unless I had informed them for what purpose I either had applied it , or intended to apply it ; and i £ I have received it , and paid it , I have no more money belonging to Mr . Peddle than the Emperor of China has ; or than O'Connor is in possession of all tbe money which has gone through bis hands , and which he has paid for the defence of the Chartisfa victims .

      I ardently wish that the subscribers of this money may continue to prosecute their inquiry until they obtain sufficient satisfaction as to the manner in which it has been appropriated , and that the council , including Messrs . Smith and OAdy , may either b « found to be 8 t » insane as to give m « 3 s . 2 d . to apply to my own purpose , or I be exonerated from such a base and unfounded calumny . ' Mr . Editor , by publishing the above , you will greatly oblige me and my friends , and I trust it will be the last communication I shall have to forward you upon thia charge ; you must be satisfied yourself , from the above * tbat it is in consequence of the neglect of yonr Bradford correspondent , in the first instance , that I hard thus to trouble'you . I remain yours , A determined enemy of these who wish , by

      calumniating others , to obtain notoriety and popularity for themselves , Henry Burnett . 13 , Reform-street , Bradford , : Maich 27 th , Iti 3 . P . S . If Mr . Craig should see or hear of this , he will greatly oblige me if he will inform me by letter the amount we paid at Mr . Qreaham's , pawnbroker , Hunslet-lane , respecting Mr . Peddie ' a watch , on tile day the . large meeting was held in Marshall ' s factory a * Holbecfc .

      H . B . C We most haTe no more of * Wb » =. Ed . ]

      Iloca* Antt Ofewval $Vtew$,Ence»

      iloca * antt Ofewval $ vteW $ , ence »

      Untitled Article

      . ~~~~ i 0 « " —<" Fbok Canada , under date of March 12 , we have an account of another desperate conflict between tha Conriaught and Cork men , in . which tw / 6 -wer 6 .: shotB besides the cabins of the weaker party being plan deredand torn to pieces . The military , afraid oi the carnage they would occasion , had kept aloof , but subsequently made several arrests .

      Untitled Article

      v THE NCKTHERNSTA& 3

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), April 8, 1843, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct645/page/3/