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TO THE IMPERIAL CHARTISTS,
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TO THE PEOPLE.
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?LoraI anl* ©eneral $nteUts*nc*.
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VEBBATIM REPORT OF THE CHARTIST TRIALS AT LANCASTER.
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
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r- ' — ¦ ¦ - . — - THIS DAY IS PUBLISHED , No . 1 , OF A VERBATIM REPORT OF THE RECENT TRIALS OP FEARGUS O'CONNOR AND 58 OTHERS , AT LANCASTER , FOR RIOT , SEDITION , TUMULT , AND CONSPIRACY . 'T'HE above Work will be Published in Weekly Numbers of 64 Pages of Royal Octavo , Edited by J- FEARGUS O'CONNOR , Esq ., Barrister-at-Law , and to which will be added A SHORT ACCOUNT OF THE CAUSES OF THE DISTURBANCES OF AUGUST AND SEPTEMBER X . AST , With Notes upon the Trial ; also a Dedication to Baron K'JLFR . A SPLENDID PORTRAIT OF THE JUST JUDGE WHO PRESIDED , WILL BE PRESENTED WITH THE LA . ST NUMBER ( GRATIS ) To those who have been Subscribers to the Work . The Portrait will be Executed with a view to its being placed as a Frontispiece , and when completed , which will be in about four Numbers ; the whole will make a valuable work . Price 7 d . a Number , in a wrapper . The Portrait gratis . ^ - Subscribers and Agents are requested to give their Orders to Cleave , l . lShoe Lane , Fleet Street , London ; Hbywood , 60 , Oldiiam Street , Manchester ; and Hobson , Northern Star Office , Market Street , Leeds .,
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Mt test dbxr I " eis 5 ds , —If vve iave mneh to eonfratnlafce onrselves vpon , in the result of tie iscent tattle fought between the naked people on cne side , and all the wealth , the power , aad the influence of the great , upon the other sids , we hare j $ so m uch cause for sorrow . At Lancaster the grand arm ; gained a most signal victory ; at Derby ttelefi wing , « nder West , wasalBO ¦ notorious ; -while the light , under Cooper , a . t Stafford , has sustained its position under most di&adTaatage oos circumstances : and , while I write , the gallant * General" still holds out with unexampled Bkill and Talonr against the superior force of the enemy .
lighting ior principle and not for blood , however , we mnst sorrow , Ijecause © nr very dearest prinoiple has snffered . We assert that ' * if one of the community is oppressed the whole of the community is oppressed through his sufferings ; " and although we have gained great Tictoiies and achieved great good for the cause , yet are we all oppressed , hecause poor Jones is oppressed . I hiTe no inclination to be tried by Chief Baron Abinger , for a libel upon Baron Gnrney . IfO , no ; feat wonld be 33 foolish as appealing to the lion against the jackalL Bat I mil
» se a saying of the learned Baron'B , and used by hinv * pon Jones ' s trial . 3 will say , *¦ ' read , read , read , "" instead of calling ont mad dog . Yea ; read every word of evidence brought against Jones—read it all ; remember by whom it is grren ; see the fearful odds si which the cobler fought for his liberty . Bear in mind that the Judge is considered to be counsel for an undefended prisoner . Mark that the crown was represented by two able and practised lawyers , aocnstomed to courts of justice , while the Chartist
cobbler , twenty-one years of age , had never stood in a eonri before ; I fear he will tflihk that he has not jtoodinacourtof jnsticeyetl Readtheevidencewell ; and observe that the policeman swore that , j > re ¦ j dously to Jones ' s coming amongst them , there used to be disturbances , and that the police themselves had been insulted , but sot xftbb . Jose * had instilled a hatred against their order , bak - » respect for law , in the hope of Tendering such men unnecessary appendages to society .
As Englishmen , reflect upon the meaning of the word "jastice , " and the requisite qualification for ihose who administer iv . Patience and temper ar » greater essentials ihan ability and knowledge . Say whether Baron Gurney was patient and well tempered , and whether Ms conduct was calculated to jtrengthen a belief in the defendant -that he was likely to h&ve a fair trial , or whether it was calculated to weaken , unnerve , and shake him in his anticipations . This Baron was a violent dissenter and ratted , and now fights against dissent * with all fee frenzy of a renegade . "
Chartism is considered a kind of political dissent . Jones has been snatched from society and immured in a felon ' s celL Yon will say whether or not Ma eSencs , as charged , merits such a punishment . That is no part of my bnsiness , but I have a duty to perform as a Chartist , and that duty , with the blessing of God , I will discharge as a man , If the law allows it , and I believe it doe 3 , 1 will have the case heard over again . ~ We will assuredly jnore for a ne"sr trial for Jones ; and I have given insirncnons to our Attorney-General , Mr . Roberta , io procure copies of every indictment upon which Chartists have been tried , for the purpose of moving upon them in the Queen's Bench , if deficient in any Of those technicalities required by the law .
"We never have fought injustice with all the -weapon * with . which the law arms us , yet . "We must begin to do it . I havs no hesitation in saying that the laws of England , if properly administered , give more protection to the subject than those of any other country in the known world ; and therefore , we must now direct our attention to their proper administration ; and this desirable end will be one of the main objects of the new system of management that I mean to propose for the protection of our party , and the foriherance of onr principles . I never did anticipate , and I think we had no right to anticipate thai an agitation Eke OBIS , composed of so many elements , could be rendered complete , eficient , or even satisfactory , in its
infancy ; but we have a right that our machinery susceptible of so many improvements , Ehould be made as nearly as possible suitable to existing circumstances . That is , that where threatened with fresh assault , we should strengthen onr £ elve 3 in the assailable quarter , and where opportunities present themselves for a vigerous move for such occasions , machinery should be in readiness , instead of pausing to reflect upon the best means of attack or defence . Coald 3 then select a more £ m » £ opportunity than fiie present for submitting to yon the mere naked ratlines of a project which I have now in contemplation ! "We must be centralized—we must be united —we must be prepared ; and , above all we must be thoroughly known to each other .
I told you , when in York Castle , that we had the power to erect a power stronger fh ^ n oppresses—a public opinion stroBger than bad laws . . Now irejnnst have a pl&ce of our own to meet in , and we must have a complete eorp 3 for the good management of our affairs . I propose , then , to submit a plan to the Chartist body when I shall have consulted the leaders of our party , for the accomplishment of these purposes ; and of which plan ihe following is but the mere skeleton . I suggest the propriety of taking a large and csmmodious Hall in London , to be fitted up with all the accessary conveniences for holding public meetirfes , and furnished with different apartments as offices lor conducting onr bnsiness .
That an Executive , consisting of five paid members , shall be chosen according to the present arrangements . That thirteen councilmen , resident in London , be elected at public meetings . That ihe Generjl Secretary shall have a permanent office in the Hall , and which snail also be ihe ofice of the Esecntive when they meet . That the Council shall meet once in every fortnight—nine to constitute a quorum .
That the members of the Executive shall ex ojicio be Council men , and may attend at Council meetings and take part in any debate ; bnt thai they shall not have a vote as conncil men . That the Executive shall lay their books before fee Council at any meeting . That 02 the first Monday in every month , a publle meeting of the Chartists , resident in London , shall be held , and before which the minutes of all proesedingsof the Executive and Councilmen shall he proposed for confirmation .
That the Secretary ' s accounts shall be audited * J ten persons elected by the Council belonging to the Chartist body , but not members of the Conncflj once in each month , and the decision of the auditors shall be made known to the monthly pnblic meeting . That the Secretary shall be removeable from cfEee upon a Tote beiiy * taken at a monthly
meeting , of wtieb a fortnight ' s notice , at the least , Shall be given ; pre-rided , after hearing the charges , two-thirds of the persona assembled shall decide against him —the meeting to consist of six hundred members , at the least ; aDd 5 n case the Secretary shall be remoyed , the CouncQ shall appoint a substitnte pro . tern , until such rule as shall be agreed upon for the election of a new Secretary c&n be complied with .
That no public document shall he issued by the Executive -without being first submitted io a foil meeting of ihe Council , when a majority of the whole body—the Executive having vote»—shall iiedde whether or not the document shall be issued . That the Executive shall be resident in London , * nd jhall receive a salary of £ 2 per week each . Thai the Executive shall issue cards of membership , and that no cards he transmitted to any Locality nntil paid for .
Tiai * treasurer shall be appointed * t th « Iwi monthly meeting , who shall give good security , to th « amount of £ 1000 , for the just discharge of his office . That no receipt hot that of the Treasurer shall be Talid -&B a receipt for any monies received , and that a balance sheet of the expenditure be pnblished on ihe last Saturday in every month , which balance sheet Rh *! 1 he submitted to the Ef . xt public meeting , together with the decision of the auditors . That all lecturers shall be appointed by a vote of the thirteen conncil men xnd the Executive , all hav-
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ing votes , and that printed instructions shall be delivered to each lecturer for his guidance . That when a lecturer is to be appointed , credentials as to the fitness and character of candidates shall be transmitted to the Executive from the locality in which the candidate lives . That one half of all monies derived from pay meetings of the lecturers of the Association , shall be the property of the local branch of the Association where such lecture shall be delivered , aad shall be used for local purposes , and the other half shall he transmitted to the General Treasurer for general purposes .
That no pay meeting shall be held by any branch Association , except at such meetings as are convened to hear the lecturer , or some person resident in the locality , and known to the public ; and thai the system of convening meetings to hear persons . not well known to the people be discountenanced as much as possible . That local lecturers shall be removeable in such manner as the locality to which they are appointed shall deem fit , and of which due notice shall be given to the Executive and Council .
That the several lectnrers shall attend at the enrolment of members after each meeting , and the Secretary of the Association shall hand the proceeds to the lecturer , taking his receipt , and shall write the result by next post to the General Secretary , sad the lecturer shall , by the same post , transmit the amount by post office order . That all disputes shall be referred to the Conncil , and shall not be published is any newspaper , except with the concurrence of at least nine of the Council men , aud as drawn up by them and baring their signatures affixed .
That the Council and Executive shall also constitute a Defence and Tictim Fund Committee , and that all grievances shall be submitted to them , and by them to Mr . Roberts , who , I have every reason to hope , will in fhe event of the plan being carried ont change his residence to London ; and that no defence or prosecution shall be undertaken , except upon a written recommendation by Mr . Roberts to that effect . That all letters requiring answers , shall contain a penny postage stamp ; and that all complaints of neglect of duty upon the part of the Secretary or Executive shall be transmitted to the President of the Council of thirteen .
That once in every quarter of a year , the four members of the Executive committee , sh all make a circuit of the country for at least one fortnight , one taking the North , another the South , another the East , another the "West , and of which due notice shall be given . In Each cases the members of the Executive to receive the additional expences of travelling from the several localities to which they are invited , holding in each locality one meeting , and no ' more .
Now , I lay so much of the undigested plan before yon . Of course , 1 shall take connsel , and look well into the legality of every point ; as my object is to make Chartism a thing of which none need be legally afraid . I think the public mind is prepared for such an organisation . I think the national stomach quite capable of digesting it . We would make onr Hall a place for debating pnblic qnestions twice in every week , and tbuB furnish an opportunity for the developemeat of the rising genius of the working classes . I shall be most happy to receive any suggestions through the Star , and to have the assistance of all good men in carrying out this our national object .
The next thing I have in view is the incorporation with us of my brother Irishmen , and which I have sot the slightest doubt we shall effect by prudence , wisdom , courage , and caution- We have the elements amongst us ; and , in my opinion , the hour has arrived for legally and constitutionall y uniting them as a means of propelling the work of Chartism I have jnst had a letter from that noble fellow , Cooper . He is full of hope . May God in his
infinite mercy realise it ; for we cannot afford to lose such men . I have sent them £ 2 B and four subpoenas . Was it not well to have it for the poor fellows 1 Why , the three tailors of Tooleystreet was a farce to two cobblers and a blacksmith Cooper and Richards are both cobblers , and poor Capper is a blacksmith . Wat Tyler , Jack Cade , and Jack Straw , were fools to them . Justice hitherto has been a mockery , let us conspire" to make it a reality .
I leave , to-morrow , for Nottisgham . Walter , who has persecuted me , and looked for my life , ever since the last election , has been ousted ; and , with the blessing of God , Eastbope shall be kicked out of Leicester for his persecution of poor Cooper . This is some satisfaction ; while it is a lesson to Sturge and his friends to know that but for the Birmingham treason , he , Sturge , might now be gratified in his ambition . Who then will say that we are NO body , when we can manufacture Members of Parliament !
All my dealings with yon have been fair , open , and above board . And now as to Nottingham I must uard myself against all chances of danger , except a broken head . Mr . Dud combe has done more and better service for the poor than any man , or than all the men that ever entered Parliament ; and more than that , while others have done just enough to make themselveB popular , Duncombe has done his work with all his heart , leaving nothing undone . He is the only man in England who could sustain his social rank and independence at the same time ; and that arises from the prevalent convictioB that he is a sincere advocate of the poor man's rights . Bis is no enviable task , nor yet an easy one ; and therefore his hands must be
strengthened ; and I will not support any man at Nottingham , bnt one who pledges himself unequivocally to the Six Points of the Charter , and againBt the " damsable bill . " He may be a free trader if he pleases in sticks , and sngar , and corn , but he shall also be a free trader in legislation ; and more , I must have a guarantee under the hand of Mr . Duncombe , that any candidate that I support , will be one who will be the arm of Mr . Duncombe , and able and willing to assist him in his manly , his noble , and efficient advocacy i > f the poor man's right . For snch man I wiU work night and day , but for none other will I risk my life . Had 1 been killed for Siurge my ghost would have risen to him at Birmingham .
I still entertain the fond hope that onr fourth and fifth count friends will lie spared to us , aod will be able to render our agitation powerful by iheir honest assistance . I am , my friends , Your fond and devoted servant , Feabgdb O'Comhob . P * 5 . —I always try to do my best for you , and if any should differ from me , let them do so , without abasing me or calling me Dictator . F . O'C .
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THE "LEEDS CONVENTICLERS . " " Scales , " " Mnsgrave , " •¦ Richsrojon , " ana " Btioas , " Are taking most enormous pains , To put down " education . I " Tirai there ' s an end of all tfteir boast , For , if they eannot rule the roast , " Learning to them's—damnation . ' . ' Libs . . . , . r ri ^^^^^^^ .-uJwn »
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Ajth-League Tracts . —Mr . R . J . Kinnett , of London , is publishing a series of cheap tracts illustrative of the sayings and doings , of the " Plague " men , which promise to be useful as a counterpart to their trashy and poisonous " tracts for the times . " We know nothing of Mr . Kinnett ; feut one or two of the tracts sent here are very good .
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ADDRESS OP THE GENERAL COUNCILLORS OF THE NATIONAL CHARTER ASSOCIATION , RESIDING IN SURREY AND KENT . We , the undersigned members of the General Council of the National Charter Association residing in Surrey and Kent , deem it imperative on us to issue thio abort address In order to arouse those energies which , on so many previous occasions , have placed our cause so conspicuously before the public—have so ably ceinbated the combined factions , and tended so largely to the progress of our glorious principles .
We therefore again call ou you by all the sacred ties that bind man to man ; by the famished and perishing condition of oar useful artizans ; by the cries of our starring children , to buckle on your armour ; to renew with determination the good battle , despairing not , aJshough a thousand circumstances may arise to daunt onr ardour and thwart our purpose . Stiil we implore yon to allow no combination of circumstances to arrest your attention , but as with one heart and mind , submit to no agitation short of the " Chatter , " and by our firm adherence , show to the proposers of other schemes that we are convinced of the inutllity of any half-way meesnres . -which mast only end in disappointment to the proposers , as have all other measures which asjail the effects only , while the cause
remains . Meet , then , we say , of tun I that by frequent conversation you may elicit truth , and put to silence the interested motives of our enemies , and thus carry effectually into operation that document tot which so many of us have suffered persecution , and a tyrannical Government has endeavoured to arrest by thejtj&oiah ment aad imprisonment of our belored patriot © SnaH "we forget all these ? or rather ought not the noble and determined stand of onr peisecutcd band made on the late trials cause us to renew our energies ; and , by our earnest partaking and admiration of their righteous conduct , convince our enemies that we have raised the banner of freedom ; tbat we will unfold it ; that opposition only gives as increased celebrity ; and that we are determined to brave the fury of our opponents , neither
turning to the right nor to the left , but by our faithful and unwearied seal , to carry out to its furthest extent the only measures from which we expect redemption . We have farther to congratulata you on the deep root onr principles are taking in Ireland . We refer you ¦ with pleasure ta the remarks of the just judge , on the latelligence displayed at the late unprecedented trials . We beg further to state , that , on Wednesday , ftb April , we have convened % meeting at the Rotunda , for the purpose of layiDg before you several plans for the better organiaation of the members of Surrey ; also , if possible to carry into effect the raising a Hall for the purpose of meeting , and the formation of a School , at the lowest price . One hundred and twenty shares have been taken , and we earnestly seek your assistance ; besides wbieh
a committee has been selected to collect and report on that evening , evidence to lay before Puli&raent and the country , relative to the brutal and indiscriminate attack of the polioe soldiers on a legally and peacefully convened meeting , on Kennington Common , in Angust last . To the Metropolis baa the country ever looked ; leb'us , therefore , in eonjunctioa with our brethren of Middlesex , promote , to the utmost of omr power , those principles which have been so nobly responded to by our more oppressed brethren of the provinces . We nave already en listed in our common cause , the great majority of our fellow countrymen ; but this la not enough 7 The immediate efforts of the whole community are needed to rescue the people , our institutions , and the country from Impending danger . Wo again , therefore , in conclusion , implore you to
remember that Freedom ' s battle once begun , Tho' baffled oft , is ever won . Meet thervfere , we say often—organiia—union is pswer—assemble in public meetings—aid us by every passible means , and victory must triumphantly crown our endeavours . We remain , Tours in the cause , Maynard . Moy . Andrews . Thorpe , Dron . Nodder . Brown . Savage . Castle . Rogers . -Biggs . Parker . Jago . Ross . Sims * . Humphreys . Lee . Collins . William Patkman , Chairman . SaMVEL Kniguton , Secretary .
Tbe members of the following localities are earnestly requested to attend , viz . Lambeth , Youths , Bermondsey , St John ' s and St . Olave ' s ; Hatters , Southwar k , Wandsworth , Camberwell , Walworth , Newington , Greenwich , Hail of Science , Lewiaham , Putney , and Croyden . Chair to be taken at seven o ' clock . Remember , Wednesday , April 6 tD , at the RotUndl , Blacklriar ' fi Road .
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Mr Fkiejtbs ,- —Every moment of time which a state of continual ill health leaves at my disposal is , in one way or other , bo fully devoted to , and occupied in , your Bervice , that it is impossible for me , without neglecting other and more important dutieB , to reply to half the letters I receive . I hope , therefore , that those to whose favours answers may be long deferred , or never Bent at all , will accept of this general apology , and not think themselves slighted . I have since tbe trial received many invitations to visit various places . Most of them I
have been obliged to decline . My health will not now bear hard labour ; save in regular and usual circumstances . Many circumstances combining tbe operation through a length of years have shattered my constitution , and kit me but " the shadow of my former self . " However , I am not yet quite finished , * and what I can , I am willing to do . I have great pleasure in acceding to the request of my Manchester friends to attend their meeting and tea party in Carpenter's Hall , on Good Friday , the l ^ h inBtant , and to preach their anniversary sermons on Easter Sunday , the 16 th ; if my Stockport friends , whose invitation
has lain by me since before the trials , can arrange a meeting for Easter Monday , 1 will try to visit them at the same time . On the Sunday following , the 23 rd , I purpose , in accordance with the request of my Bury friends , to preaoh their anniversary sermon for the Sunday School ; and if my Blackburn friends can do with me on Monday , the 24 th , I will pay my long promised visit there . If a Monday evening will suit the Rochdale people I will try to see them on Monday , May 1 st . My Scotch friends must excuse me . I dare not travel northward till the warm weather come . About the middle of June I hope to grasp the warm hands of my hearty friends in Edinburgh . God save you all and speed the Charter , William Hill .
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XJ 2 EDS . —Mesmerism . —We have not had much to say respecting this new "Science , " which is just now making such noise throughout the country . The following account , however , ha 3 been handed in to this offics by a gentleman upon whose veracity we can place every reliance ; and on his authority we publish the statement . He states that he was si eye witness of the facts he relates . Facts fob Mesmerisers , or Mesmeric Phenomena becorded fob the benefit of the public , and the Edipication of Dr . Stanila . nd . — The Socialists of this town had notified during last week that on Thursday evening , the 30 : h , a lecture would be delivered in their rooms , Heaton ' s Court , Briggate , on Mesmerism , admission twopence each . At the
time annonnced for tbe lecture , the room was pretty well filled with a very respectable audience , all eager to witness the phenomena of which bo nmch has been Baid ; but very few of them prepared for the new discoveries exhibited , and the astonishing effects produced ; but as those will be much better understood by a condensed report of the pro ceedings , we give an outline of the operations and effects no doubt , much of it will be disbelieved by man y parties , bnt hundreds of onr townsmen who witness ^ the extraordinary effect * can be appealed to for the ti'Uth of these statements . Shortly after eight o ' clock t be lecturer and chief operatorMr . Sladena membeX
, , of the Socialists' Mesmeric Class , mounted the platform , accompanied by Mr . Briggs and two boys , one named John Briggs , aged ahoat 17 years , dark hair and eyes , apparently such a subject as mesmerisers desire ; the other named Uriah Walls , aged about 18 , but quite of a different temperament and disposition , light hair , ruddy countenance ; in appearance altogether an unlikely subject . Both of these youths had been previously operated upon several times ; bat at first the one named Walls could scarcely be affeeied ; it took forty minutes to produce any peroeptible mesmeric effect . The ba&iness of Pbe evening was commenced by a short
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address by Mr . Sladen , after which lie proceeded to exhibit the strange effects of phreno-mesmeristn . The twovboyd were seated in two chairs , with their backs towards each other . A brass chain was then made fast round the ; wrist of each , passing , in the sitting posture of the boys , over the shoulder of each , so that it was not in contact with anything but the clothes of each boy and the skin of the wrists . The operator proceeded to mesmerize the one named Briggs , ( the most likely one to be operated upon ) , by contact of the thumbs and a
steadfast gaza . Both of the boys were in the fourth stage of the mesmeric sleep in one minute . A lew passes were made over the head ; and then " s » If esteem" was excited on one of the boys . They both rose up together , with apparent self confidence . On " combativenesB" being excited in Brigga , Walls exhibited the feeling very markedly , the development o f this organ being larger in him than in Brings , and he apparently possessed more muscular energy . On Walls being operated upon , Briggs exhibited the feeling so decidedly , that it must have convinced all
that a sympathetic connection was formed by the chain . In general the person operated upon exhibited the feelings first ; but tbe time it took to exhibit the feeling in one by operating upon the other , appeared to depend upon the excitability of the person , in connection with the power and activity of the organ excited . Thus Walls was large in " combativences , " and could be excited sooner by operating upon Briggs , than Briggs could by operating upon Walls . The operator . was very careful in exciting these organs : as in some private experiments Walls had manifested " oombativeneBs" most
decidedly , clearing all before him . Indeed , during the public examination , notwithstanding all the operator ' s care , the chain which connected the two , a strong one , was often snapped in two . This was the case both when " combativeiiess" and " acqusi tiveness" were excited . Walls was more deficient in " fane" than Brings ; and Brings could bo mude to sing by operating upon Walls much 6 ooner than Walls could by operating upon Briggs . Indeed as a general rule , Briggs , being apparently the most excitable , could be sooner effected by operating upon Walls than Walls could be by operating upon Briggs . Many times when Walls was being operated upon , Briggs gave the first indication ot
being exoited . He 6 ung long before Walk attempted , although Walls was the person operated upon . 1 would just remark that Walls appeared liable to fall into a deep-sleep with the muscles of the faee , and the mouth in particular , quite rigid , so that many times when the operator was exciting tune in Briggs he would Bins as long as tbe excitement continued , while Walls gave no evidence of being excited ; but as soon as the muscles of the mouth were relieved by a wave of the hand in front of it , or blowing upon his faco he would more his lips as if in the act of swallowing the saliva and then commence singing , sometimes the same song , and at others a difi \ rein
one to the one Brings was singing . It was impossible for the one not operated upon to know the operations performed upon the other . It would be too tedious to go . through the whole of the operation ? , and the effects produced ; 1 will , therefore , pass to the conclusion . Previous to dtmiesmmizing the boy . -, the operator took several electrical shocks from ibe lower part of the cheek of Briggs by merely bringing thu points of his fingers near to each lower jaw . Several other persons in the roon ) were desired to try to produce a similiar effect ; and all Who did 80 agren that a alight shook was distinctly perceivable in their fingers , but not extending to the arm& ; while tbe party in the mesmeric sleep gave
indication of tbe shock by a slight jerk of tbe head . Mr . Young , one of the members of the Leeds Social Mesmeric Class , is the discoverer of the power ot giving off the electric shock . Briggs was the party upon whom the process of demestnem&iion was practised ; but both the persons opened > heir eyes at the same moment . Walls had one of his arms quite rigid when Briggs was demestnerized ; and it remained so till fanned by the operator . Several boys now mounted the platform , all desirous of being mesmerised ; but none of them appeared to be affected . A member who a lew days ago expressed himself sceptical as to the effects produced , suffered himself to be operated upon , and
he was found very excitable . During the time the lecturer and Mr . Briggs were endeavouring to mesmerise tbe boys who presented themselves , the gentleman alluded to ( who was at the other end of the room ) was asked to allow himself to be operated upon . He partially declined , on the ground of the exhibition being public On being further pressed , he consented , and took a seat at the far end of the room , where very few knew what was here goin « on . In a very Bhort time he was in the second Biage of thn mesmeric sleep ; and in this state he was induced xo walk up to the platibrm , a way being made for him through the audience , and the person who operated upon him taking hold of his
hand , and desiring him to " step out . " When arrived at the edge of the platform , he was desired to " step up ; " and , though he lifted up his ftet , oue after the other , several times , he put them down again in the same places in the floor , without ftttemptiug to ride on to the elevation .. He was , therefore , lifced on . When there , his eyes were just fanned a little , and he opened them . The organ ot M veneration" was then exoited , by merely touching it with the fingers ; and he immediately commenced to deliver , in an impressive and feeling manner , a really beautiful extempore apostrope to Truth ; During the course of it he exclaimed , " To thee , 0
Truth ; to thee , the real and only Saviour of mankind ; to thee , I humbly bow the knee ! " suiting the action to the word . The boys Briggs and Walls , wheD under the excitation of this organ , had each of them repeated the Lord ' s Prayer . The gentleman continued his address , still kneeling , when the part o ! his head formerly touched was slightly blown upon ; and he immediately ceased . On " self esteem " being touched , the expression of his features instantly changed , and he rose from his kneeling position , folded his arms , throw back his head , and stalked to and fro on the platform in a moat self-sufficient manner . After
the excitation - had been allayed , pmlo-progenitivenesB" was touched , and the manifestation was most marked . " Tune" was excited ; and though he did sing , he proved himself to be greatly deficient of the organ . Several other manifestations , particularly those of the organs , " benevolence , " " acquisitiveness , " " combativeness , " were produced . A newly-discovered organ " velocity" was operated upon ; and the moment it was touched , he attempted to spring from ; the platform against the wall . The operator caught him in his arms , and was aided by seve ral others . Iv took four of them to hold theexcited subject back ; he making great efforts as to run . On being demesmerised , he was asked what had been his sensations ; and he replied that he had no knowledge of
any thing beyond the fact that he felt a strong desire to close his eyes at the commencement , and the rubbing of his eyes at the last f when he was demeamer iaed ; all else was oblivious to him . He stated also that be had endeavoured to resist the going into the meBmeTJc state . All the experiments excited ^ xreat interest ; and the proceedings ended by Mr . T . S . Mackintosh ( who had been present during the eve . ning ) shortly addressing the assembly , advising them' not to place too much faith in all they heard respecting the new " theory" of mesmerism ; but rather . ' o look on with an inquiring eye , and chronicle the facts as they came before them , so that a " science" migM be built up from them . He also cautioned them again'st any attempt that might be made to twist the fa ' -ots so as tu aocor J with preconceived notioni ..
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7 / M ^ tfi— % ^^ v / /^ € ^^ t and enjoyments of cut large and often distressed-popu . ' ation . Be the cause whatever It may , we have come to this conclusion , and we think the shareholders : \ t . r ^ a must now be of the same opinion as ourselves , iLat there is now no other alternative left bnt to sell- and if this be not the immediate decision of the eh ^ oholders , we beg every one who thinks otherwise to prepare not only to lose all the present amount of his shares , but to add ( as they nave done at Manchester ) something more to get rid of his losa , or we shall soon ba worse than insolvent .
Mr . Eddison having read the report , moved the following resolution : — " That the gardens , and tna whole of the property , both real and personal , be sold without delay , either by auction or private contract , and either together or in parcels , a ^ a committee to be now appointed shall think proper . " He expressed his anxiety for the success <> f the gardens , but thought that the course he had sj ingested was the only one left open to the society . He intimated that there were present , gentit-mna with the same good wishes for the suceess ot ute gardens as himself , and who were both willing aud able to make the attempt to purchase and to carry them on if possible . Mr . War . West seconded the motion .
Mr . H . H . Stansfield moved as an amendment the adjournment of the meeting for a month , becan »<; he thought there was a chance of carrying them on . Mr . Mearns , the curator of the gardens , bad g ! ren a guarantee that the expenses of keeping them up , tor 1843 , exclusive of interest on money borr .-wod should not oxceed £ 550 . Now the receipts lasi year amounted to £ 661 , but supposing that this year rhe total receipts realized , say at the gardens £ - * i . 5 O , subscriptions £ 250 , and the sale of the plants £ 15 , this sum would exceed the actual outlay for la < -. ir , &o ., as estimated by Mr . Mearns , and leave a
urplus of £ 05 towards the £ 200 per annum of imirtit , which they had to pay . He ( Mr . S . ) thou ^ n . it would be madness , in the present state of trau-, to offer these twenty anresof land for sale , and in a fuw years , should trade revive , thun perhaps the gar <; e& 3 might be oarried ou without any difficulty . A ^ to the Sunday question , he had advocated the opening of the gardens on that day , bnt as the very ; h . n attendance bespoke the indifference of the pun ! ,., to the privilege offered , he should not now oppose ihe closing of them ou the Sunday . Mr . Willock seconded the amendment .
Mr . West then , in a very vehement speech ,-supported at great length the original proposition . Mr . bund , solicitor , argued against the sale , and contended tbat the gardens could yet , by proper management , be carried on . On the amendment being put to the vote , there was a majority of two in its favour , so far as p rsons went , but the minority holding the largest number of shares , it was declared to negatived . Duriag the pause wh ch ensued , several of the
saa'aholdtrs left the meeting ; on ( he original m ^ ttoa being put , there appeared ten for and thirusn against it , but tbe minority holding seventy-mx shares , and the majority only fifty-nine , it was thought to be carried , but on referring , however , to the rules , it was found that no sale could take pi . " -a , unless sanctioned at a meeting , not merely o a numerical majority of persons present , but by n 4 a holders of a majority of shares , to the extent of ; w > jthirds , and consequently this proposition wac uot carried . Mr . Stansfeld then moved an adjournment , to the I 9 . h April , which was seconded bj Mr . boad , and carried .
To The Imperial Chartists,
TO THE IMPERIAL CHARTISTS ,
To The People.
TO THE PEOPLE .
?Lorai Anl* ©Eneral $Nteuts*Nc*.
? LoraI anl * © eneral $ nteUts * nc * .
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Highway Surveyors . —A public meetii . s of ihe ratepayers of the township of Leeds was hild in she Vestry of the Parish Church on Saturday last , at noon . The '' lads" mastered in great strength , and carried the meeting all their own way- Mr . Wai . Brook , tobacconist , Kirkgate , was called to the chair . Toe Vestry being completely wedged , a motion for the adjournment of the meeting was made and carried , u being agreed that the meeting should be held in ( he Churchyard . On its asembliug
here , however , the vicar " forbade the banns" and consequently another move was made—from the Church yard to the Vicar ' s Crott . Here , although it was market day , there was " ample room and yerge enough / ' The notice by which the meeting had been convened . vaa read at each place . la answer to a question put to Mi ± Barr ' s clerk , that gentleman said that » uy householder having paid his poor-rates , and liable to the highway rate , was eligible , and might le ^» r , y be elected on the Boaid of Surveyors . Mr . B ij Knowles moved that the Board of Surveyors cou-, st ot nineteen . Tnis was opposed by Mr , Grcv * son , engraver , who thought fifteen sufficient , the m- ~ <
ttm « , however , did not think with him , and earned the original motion for nineteen . Mr . Joseph Jones then proposed a iist of nineteen pereoua , whom he considered in every way eligible for tue office ; and Mr . Thos . White proposed a lul of 13 , whom he considered qualified . The latter list included the names of Geo . Hammond , W . Horu ^ by , John Goodison , John Sellers , John Rmder , Edward Walker ^ Joseph Town , Thomas Anderton , Thomas Gamble , W . B . Hmdle , Wm . Mawson , J . S . Daruy , and J . Wilttiiibon . Other names were proposed lj various persons in the meeting , including Joha Stowe , George Dufton , Thomas Tilney , John Frankland , fnomad Brumfnt , and Robert Baker , Esq .
On Mr . Tiluey bf ing proposed , some questions vr 6 re put to him as to what he had done with some wood blocks , which he had taken from the Highway iu Vicar Lane , and substituted stones m their ^ * . t : uil . These , he ^ Tilae )) said were at his jwd , but they were ready when they were waited to repair with . Some confusion took place , and . • ir . Tilney appeared to be glad to escape the further questioning of the meeting . The voting was : h « a proceeded with , and the following persons , including tbe entire list of Mr . Joseph Jones , except two who declined to stand , were elected by very large majorities , a show of hands being taken for each , candidate : — . Messrs . Wm . Gregg , butcher , Shambles ; i \ Clarksoa , shoemaker , Central Market j George Uat ' - ton ; John Goodison , milk dealer , York Koau ; Joshua Hobson , publisher of the Northern Star ; John Sellers , tallow chandler , Leadeuhall ; Tiiou . as
Fraser , news agent , Georges-street ; John Jaelo-on , corn mill . r ; Wm . Brook , tobacconist , Kirkj ; at Nicholas Dunn , coffee house keeper , Kirkgate ; Wm . Baron , tailor , Gower-street ; George Hogg , ma ^ m , Cobourg-street ; Benjamin Knowles , joiner , Bawling Green Yard ; tiamuel Boothman , bricklayer , York-htreet ; J . Sanderson , cloth dresser ; h . P . Kitson , butcher ; George Robson , butcher , Georges-street ; and Edward Blundell , toy deuier . These were declared by the Chairman to be duly elected . A motion was then made by a person in the rneetidt ' , that the new surveyors be instructed to look after the wood blocks which had been takea by Mr . Tilny , and bring them back , which having beencariied , thanks were voted to tbe Chairman for hiH business-like conduct in the chair , and ihe meeting separated . —The accounts of the old 6 urveyors * are to be passed on Thursday next , at noon , at the Parish Church vestry .
YEADON .-A public meeting of the ratepayers ot the township of Yeadon was held on the 9 th iust ., in the Old School room , m that place , for the purpose of electing the constables and overseers of the poor for the ensuing year . In consequence of a press of business , the meeting was adjourned until Weaueoday , the loth . Candidates for the office of overseer were proposed , and tenders of the salaries were put in the hauds of the chairman , and read uy him to the meeting . A show of hands was then , taken tor each candidate , when a large majority appeared in favoucof J 03 . Piokard , an operative , ithe workiug men ' s chuitv ) . A poll was demanded c > a behalf of Mjrnael Gill , a provision dealer , aud the
nominee of the respectable masters and- middle ciassea , the poll to take place on Monday , the 20 th iustant . In the mean time the liberal Leaguers , Ahti-monopolists , and Free Trade middle class men , seeing that the popular will was in favour of Mr . P , ckard , demanded a large amount of boijd frynj his supporters , a custom t'hat had uot b . en acted on before . The . masters of the Union mill met previous to the day of the meeting , called on some slight pr ^ ter . oe , but ostensibly lor the purpose of intimidating their workmen , and one of ihe partners , in the true spirit of libeiu , ! tyranny , proposed that two of their
workmen , acuve supporters of Pickard , should be discharged from tneir employment . A majjmy , toj , of itio minter miufactuicrs nave also acicxl in the same diabolical spirit , by threatening : o starve them into com p liance , by depriving them of their work , it tu y uhe'r workmen ) did not vote for the man that they ( -heir masters ) did . In fact , every sptcie 3 of coercion and incimtdation has been used by the masters , who , in thus taking advantage of the necessities of their worlimeu , have forfeited all claim to the title of Reformers—a title , they have Ions fcoloriously hold , by conduct thac would have disgraced the worst day 8 of rampant loryisin .
Mr . T . B . Smith having been unavoidably detained m Lob < lon , will not be in Leeds before Saturday the 8 th or 15 ; h of April . All communication * ior him , are to be sent to the Star office .
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ZOOLOGICAL AND BOTANICAL GARDENS At noon , on Monday , a ; meeting of the shareholders in these gardens was held at the Philosophical Hall , in Park Kow , to consider a proposition to aell the same . Amougat , the shareholders present were J . G . Marshall , fclsq . i C . Beckett , tsq . ; W . H . Marcus , Esq . ; E Eddison , Esq . ; R . Cadman , Esq ; W . West , JSsq ; W . Willock , Esq . ; J . C . Maclea , Esq . ; E . Bond , Esq . ; W , Smith , Esq ., of Burley ; and E . Baioe .- , jun ., Esq . W . Smith , Esq ., was unanimously voted into the chair . The following report of the Council was read by Mr . Eddison : —
After referring to th lung and explanatory report presented by the Council to the special meeting of shareholders , held on Monday , the 25 th of April , 1842 , we do not think it needful to 30 into much detail on the present occasion , and we shall , therefore , merely state the present condition of the funds , and our view of the society ' s future prospects . The total income ot the Society , for the past year , from all sources , has been £ b 62 2 s . 5 J . ; the total debt , including outstanding accounts , ia £ 4 , 373 8 i 5 d ; the monies received during the year , including expenoes of management , has been £ 800 Us . 2 $ dL ; leaving an accumulation of debt for the year of £ 138 Us . 9 id .
It was stated at the general meeting held on Friday , the 29 th July , 1842 , thftt " Mr . Mearn 3 had received instructions to estimate and had estimated that the sum of £ 750 wonld cover all the expences of keeping up the gardens for the ensuing year indu ling the interest of the debt . " It wasalso stated at that meeting that" a sale of the property which bad been then long expected , could only be effected at a great sacrRoe , " and we recommended " tbat it should be abandoned . at all events until the experiment of annual subscriptions bad been fairly tried . "
We now think that that experiment has been fairly tried , and that , from tbe apathy which has been manifested by the public to become shareholders , as well as to become annual subscribers , ! tbe shareholders will be satisfied that at the earliest day the gardens should be sold . This course has been often alluded to by us , and we feel that we Bhould not ] be acting justly to the shareholders if we did now most explicitly announce and strenuously urge it :
After a canvass made during the last two years , we regret to inform the meeting that very few shareholders have been obtained , and that tiio subscription list instead of reaching £ 600 , has only realized the sum of £ 275 , with an expectation of about £ 10 more . We feel convinced tbat even with the greatest economy , we are not warranted in recommending the shareholders longer to carry on beyond the time which must elapse before a sale can be made . !
It is with great regret and equal sincerity , that We feel compelled to make this announcement We feel as we nave often before expressed , tbat such an alternative 1 b a disgrace to the town , and its inhabitants , and such of us aa have been in the direction from the first also feel that notwithstanding our best wishes and personal exertiens , for the success of tbe undertaking a very large portion of that ! disgrace , must and will fall upon as individually . We would not now particularly mention that which has been so frequently alluded ' , to as the cause for so limited and so insufficient it support , Viz ., Stagnation of trade , or the dosing or opening of the gardens on Sundays ; but there does exist a -vnty apparent indifference to tne wants , the necessities , and tbe rational pleasures
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House of Commons . —Thubsdat . —On the motion of Mr . Hume , a new writ was issued for the borough , of Nottingham . Mr . Busfield Ferrand moved for , and obtained Joave , to bring in a bill for flOmDellinff allotments of waste land . The name of Lord J . ™ nn rs was aSreed to be coupled with that of Mr . Ferrand . There was no other important buainess .
Stafford —The Trial of Coopkr and others . — After the examination of two or three witnesses for the defence , Mr . Cooper announced that he had closed his case . Mr . Sorgeant Talfourd occupied the remainder of Wednesday with his reply , aud the Judge commenced bis summing up on Thursday morning . He was not expeoted to conclude before late at zugbt .
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Bradford . —Mx . Hurley will lecture in the council room , Butterworth-buildings-on Sunday evenine at six o ' clock . *'
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LEEDS TOWN COUNCIL . A special meeting of theJCouncil of this Borough < vas held on Weduesday last . There were twemyfour notices on the paper ;\ including twelve under the Municipal Act , and twelve under the Improvement and Burial Ground Act * . Memorials from various ; wards in the Borough , agreed to at recent meetings , were read by the Town Clerk , but no discussion was allowed on any of them . VALUATION OF THE BOROUGH .
The first notice on th >; paper was , " That in pursuance of the recommendation of the valuation committee , the Council do lay the next borough rate upon the amended valuation of Messrs . Sharp aud Cooper . " Mr . Aid . Lu «' ,-ock moved this , and after a very long debate , it was carried by a majority of 18 to 10 . THE NRW GAOL . The report of thu New Gaol Committee having been read , <
Aid . Tottie moved , " That the Council do confirm the conditional agreements = already entered into for the purchase of the land belonging to Mrs . Hannah Walker , in the Township jof Armley , and to Mr . William Hardwick , in the township of Wortley , namely , for the close containing 3 acres , 2 roods , and 33 perches , or thereabouts , belonging to Mrs . Walker , at the price of £ 200 au acre ; and so much belonging to Mr . William Hardwick , at the price of £ 250 an acre , as , together with the said close , shall not exceed 10 acres , »<> r [ lie erection thereon of a new prison with suitable offices and buildings . " Mr . Aid . Luccock seconded tho motion .
Mr . Martin Cawood moved as an amendment , " That in consequence ui the distress now existing in this borough , and ihe gi-eat difficulty of collecting the various rates , anl the heavy burdens oa the rate-payers , it is ineKjK-dipnt at present for the Council to take any fur ; her preparatory proceedings towards building a neto a ; aol . " Mr . Listkr seconded the amendment . After a ehortuiscusMi > n , the motion was carried by a majority of 44 to ( i—ihe ? ix who voted for the amendment being Conservatives . The following resolutions : were then put , and carried : —
" Tnat the Council 4 o iniauidiately appoint some person or persons competent to estimate the expense , and to superintend the ereciion of the proposed prison and other bui ! din # s , and to declare , or authorize the Gaol . Committee , 01 some other Committee , to arrange the duties of 6 uch person or persons , and agree with him or them in respect to the terms on which he or they shal : undertake aud execute the same . " " That the Council < iu resolve that it is expedient
to borrow money for the purpose of completing the purchase of the said tin acres ofland , and the erec tion and completion of the new Prison and buildings in the manner authorized and required by the Act 6 Victoria , cap . 9 o " , and other Acts of Parliament now in force , not exceeding the sum of £ 40 , 000 , at the lowest r ; Ue of interest , to be repaid within thirty years from the time of borrowing the -ame , cither by thirty equal annual instalments , or in such other iudtaluK-iHi na the Council shall determine . " ;
it was also resolved to advertise for tenders for loans , on the terms required by the Act .
BOROUGH fcXPENDITURE . The estimates for the Borough expenditure for the ensuing half year , % vcm-1 then brought forward . The total amount was £ 12 , 997 10 s . ; this was reduced in committee by £ 300 ; the other items were all carried . A very long and uninteresting discussion took place on other resolutions ; but there was nothing of public interest . The Council sat until after five o'clock , and then had only ! got through eight out of the twonty-four notices . The meeting was therefore adjourned until next Wednesday .
Vebbatim Report Of The Chartist Trials At Lancaster.
VEBBATIM REPORT OF THE CHARTIST TRIALS AT LANCASTER .
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i TOL- VI- NO . 281 . SATURDAY , ; APRIL 1 , 1843 . "" > . ^ S ! SS ? , nSSr "
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- AND LEEDS GENERAL ADYEBTISER .
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), April 1, 1843, page unpag, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct644/page/1/
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