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Northern Star (1837-1852), 7th December 1844, Edition 2 of 4, Page 3, ^Literature.

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      Untitled Article

      TO THE SPIRIT OF THE NORTHERN STAB " ITS BEM 0 TA 1 TO THE "GBEAT TTEy . ' - Hai 3 . ' Champion of pore Freedom ' s Canse . Deserving of the world ' s applause , TTho , fearless of tyrannic laws , With Isold transgression , Hath entered in the verr jaws Of strong oppression . Fpirti qftht Sinr ¦ all hail 10 ihte—Tor erer may thy ¦ pages T > e Th * sonree through which Truth shall decree To all -who toil . Thai Labour ' s sons shaD ret be five , And share the soiL

      Be thine the task to guard the poor , TTbo aD the His of life endure , Agamft the wretch Tiho would allure , "With TrrTbe or knai err , © r artful lies , seek to secure The chains of slaverr . ' Be thine the daty to disclose The foal designs of Ftcs-dom ' s foes : Show to 3 U nations trhence arose Ba > i- aristoerat-j ' Aud . lOrw ^ irJ as thon bravely sroes , UEnia ~ k hvpocvisx !

      From midst thr -jrre&t corrupted Wen 3 i . dii .-naat at the Tv-ronirs of men , Tl £ pitriut ' 5 soul . ' thj poet's pen . ' Shall both engage Tc p-rrcv the despot ' s inmost d ^ n , And irronj : assnage . iriujc ? ¦ svhenr ' er s patriot band Araiat " . inTusiire makes a * tand : 0 ; Spaniard . Ganl . or Vole , demand Thosf sacred right ? , ^ fhich bring rwareut and fill the land "Wi £ b pore ^ eHgbts . Spirit of the Siiu- ;—a ^ ain . again Across the b . oad Atlantic nialn Re-echo baci the glorious strain

      Their Press doth bring ; Axwl v « BOm ' s slander bites in vain—It has lost its sting . Tben , sons of T . abcmr , cease to jdBf , And ronse for libertr diyine : Oaward to Freedom ' s glorious shrine—The path is gar ; Spirit of the Star ; the task be thine To lead the wav : BXSJiMIS STOT 2

      Untitled Article

      ^ m THE PHEASANTS EGGS . A X-iXS OF THE GASLE LAWS TOTTTDID OS TACT . " Hr was of opinion that the Game-Laws -were a fertUtsotaree uf crime , and of consequent expense and demoralization to the fC'TnTnnnirr . * * Property in ganie ought not to be protected as other property , inasmuch as it had not the responsibilities of other property . "—Speech cf Sir Harry l ~ em ? y at the Jiucks Midsiuiimer Sessions . " Poaching ¦ was theeonsequeneeof sramebeinjrpreserTt-il asd protected . "—Lorn £ Jdon . At eariv dawn iorth jrom his borne he moTed—If kome it misht be caU'd , where Pain and Want Held empire fell , and on each form beloved Their horrid impress placed , all prim and gaunt . 'I-was by a Icrdlinsfs park his steps he bent ; 5 o jrarpos * operated in iis near : ; Bat , de * plr innsi-ng , sloirf-v on he weut .

      "Whilst Hunger pinch'd Viitn -with perpetual smart . " How sad ithorshi he ) 5-5 manj sons of toil ShoaM in a land of peace and plenty pine , "SThilst they—the wealthy owners of the soil—In Xarxurrs Jap from ( lav to flay recline . " UrOoSing o > r 31 s like these be strolTd along—Tnheeded Mature * s beauties were display ed , Vhen from her nest a bird affrighted sprung . And songht , ¦ srith noisy flight , the woodland shade A pheasant ' twas , "' protected ' by the law—Herself , her eggs , her fledg- 'd and unfiedg'd race ; Bat ivba : enactment will a man ©" era we , Wiien grim SiST-rition stares hixa in the lac * ? Her eggs -Koold serve them for the morn ' s repast ; For eye was there to mari the detrd . and tell ; Me seized than , homeward to his cottage passM . And told her onlr whom ht lov'd ml ! well . .

      A ££ eper near , acroFtom"d to the place , soon missM the trea ~ nre from the lowlv Ti « t ; ffiih prat-tised skil ] he did the poacher trace . And fat-Is fnll dearly did hi ? crime- attest . Broken Lad been that la- » , by rich men made , That they nninjur'd may their sports retain ; That on their boards each season may be hsid Birds trhichhad fatten"d on che jMor man ' s grain . This -was his crime—he robb'a thr wild bird ' s nest , T ^ hen nolf-like henger did his home assail ; Andjor rhis crime hi > sentence ^ va » eipress'd" Three months * iuu-d lafcoar in the common gaol ire jel his hard imprisonment expired Demand was made upon > ii *» wife for rent . And payment was peremptorily required ; ^ he-heard the claim , and passion then fonnd ven By dark DrfTSiir unl-josed was BonourV h . dd :

      The Tempter whisperinz or ^ ed . "" Kevensv is ^ -n ., A iiamiTig brand she seized , in madness bold—The cottage lay in ashes at her ferf ' . Htr doom ire will not tdl -. <;< ir tasiV rvr . mplet ^ : The Same Law ? are of iU = 3 fraiifa ) -onrce . May xLi- \ . who in ibe f-enate take their seat . Bio ! froTn iht- -tatotf-b'j . ' ik thi > cla ^ i-inailr i-urs ?

      Untitled Article

      ¦ CONISG ^ BI : or . THE NEW GENERATION . £ t B . D * I < b £ aij . M . 1 ' . London : Colburn , Grt-ai Jlariborou ^ b- ^ trepi . ( Continued from the yortb . -Tn > Mr , Nov . 30 . j Lord ilonmouth , who dt-tesu-d popular inmults a-JEueh a ^ he despised pnblic opinion , had been livini : in retiremeDt in Iialv durini ? the nzha . tins year rf 1 S 31 , bm , roused 10 action brth ? approachiug sucx-es . * of the Reform Bill , he had returned Jo help in the iunapns of a measure , the triumph of which in sonif ihai * or other was now inevitable . Coninjrs . by vra .-atJEton . frtiEi which plat * he iad been broueht by Rigbj . 10 be presented to the J £ »/¦«/»/ .. < . ? . Here j ^ a t 3 eseriT't-on of an aristocrat ' s abode : —

      MOSXOrTH HOCSX . The jpitt * nerr opened hj a girantir . *> iri& =, and the cirriajrc rt-Bcd into a bags court-yard . At its end . Coninjrsby beheld a Palladian palace , with "wings and iolonnades endrciing the court . A double flight of steps led into a rircnlar and marble iaS , adorned with colossal busts cf the Cssar * : the stair-ClSe in frescoe by Sir Jame = Thorahill . breathed with the lores asd ^ ars of gods acd heroes . It led into a " » £ 5 nbc } e painted in arabesque , hung with Venetian girandoles , and looking into gardens . Opening a door in this

      chamber , and proceeding some Iittlt- way down a corridor , Mt . Eigby and his companion arrived at the base of a pri-Tite staircasi ' . Ascending a few sttps , they reached a landing-place hung with tapestry . Drawing this aside , ^ - Si ^ br opened -a . Soor and ushered Coningsby through xc aiit ^ -t-li-jTLber intt , a small saloon , of beautiful proportion , £ 251 femiibed in a briHiant and delicate taste . * * Jht walls of the saloon , which were corered with light Else sann . he ]< 3 in sDT « r pannels portraits of beautiful women , painve'l by Boucher . Ct > ucl ) es and easT chairs of CTei 7 Jhape inTitrf in evpry qnarter to iuxuri" 3 iis repose . Vfc 3 e sinasesicat » a ? aSVjrded br tables covered with

      can"Sirts . Preoch T > oTtl 5 , and endless miniarnrfs of foreigj dancers , ' prineesses , and sovereisns . * * * The rplrndviur and variety of the surroendinu objects soon -Distracted Ihe attention of the h- > j . jbr the first time in th ? palare of hi ? fathers . He tra \ er ~ e 4 saloon after Saloon hung with rare tapf-stry and the gi-rsreous products of foreign looms ; filled with choice pictures and creations tif carious art 1 cabinets that soverei-ms laight enry , anil colossuJ rases of malachite jiresented by Emperors Coningsby alternately gazed up 10 ceilings glowing with colour and with p . ld . and down upon carpets bright with the fenrie « and vivid with the tints of Anbusson and of Aiminster . Coningsby was in a sad tremor at the prospect of Meeting his grandfaiher .

      Goningsiv sprang-forward wixb that desperadon which Jhe scaffuld requires . His iiice was-pale : hi = hand iraj Esoist ; Mshtart beat with tumult . He had occasionally been summoned by Dr . Seate : that too was awful wort , tut compared > vith the present , a morning lisit . 3 issie , srtHlery , the roar of c-annon , and the blare of trumpets Siay urge a man on to a forlorn hope : ambition , one ' s consrltaeTUs , the hell -of previous failure , may prevail on ts to do a more desperate thing—speak in the House 01 Connnons ; bni there are some situations in life , such for ^ istaaet as enitring the room of a dentist , when . the pros'fatje-n of the nervous srstem is absolute .

      ^ ir . B'Jsraeli speaks feelindy in his allusions to the " desperate thing"' of speaking in the House of Commons after the "hell of pre-rious failure , " as all ^ iD understand who remember Mr . ^ 'Israeli ' s owb break-down in that house some jears ago , and the * avage yelpinp of the press-gang , Vho exulted in his Qisa sttr . Here is a portrait ©! ' ~

      X . OZI > SOSMOCTH . Lord iJonrooutb was Id height above the middle size , fcat st-iaeniat portly and c-orjraJent- His countcnaxict ^^ Strongly marifcd : sagacity on liebrow , ? en ? iislity id ¦* e icontb andjaw . His head was bald , but there vrert-J 6 Ia 2 m £ of the richTjrown locks on which he once prided ianstll Bis . large de * p blue eye , madid and yet piercing x towed that the secretions of his brain -were apportioned , * &if to * Tolnptnonsness , half to common sense . Hut his general miehivas truly grand - fell of a natural nobility , of wiarii no one -tras -more sensible- Lord Monmouth 'was

      lot ja-iishabaie ; on the contrarr , Ins fostnme was exact , tan eren earefnL Bising as we have mentioned when ^ s grandson entered , and leaning with lis left hand on j & > irorr ease , ie made Coningsbj such a bow as Louis ^^ rtorze might hate bestowed on the ambassador of the Eaittd PrcTinces . Then extending his right hand , which j « iJOJiremblingiytonched , lord ilonmouth said , ¦ " How ^ joa likejiton l " , ^^» « >] d | Tecepnon , so unlike aB that Comngsbj I iopeti for and dreamed of , stupified Mrc , and

      Untitled Article

      overcome bv his emotions , he snnk into a chair and bxirst into tears . Here was a business : If there v . a > an \ tiling whidi wor . iil have made Lord Monmouth tra-vel from London to Nixj'l ' * at lOUT-and-twentv hours ' notice , i : was t < i avoid a SCPni . He hated scenes—he hated feeling * . He saw install !^ tinmistake he had made ru sending for his grandchild . He was afraid that Coningrby was tender-hearted like liis father . Another tender-hearted Coningsby ; Unfortunate famih : Degenerate race : He decided in his mind that Coniaffsbv most be provided for in the Church . * * " What can be the matter ? "' said Mr . Rigby . " I was thinking , " sriid Coningsby , " of poor mama ' . ' ' ~ Hush V said Mr . Rigb \ , " Lord ilonmouth ne \ er likes to hear of people itbu arv dead ; < -o you must take care never to mention mjut innther or vour father . "'

      A GBEAT TITTIl . The Marquess thought h < -muld rea'l r " narai- ; vr « . \ - \ a glance , and in genera ] he \ v .-is irrv jj urt-t-.--.-Tii ! : fur his natural sagacity hail K-en nurtured by great esj < t-rieiice . His grandson was not it > his taste ; amiable , no doubt , but a spooney . "Vv > are too apt to believe that the character of a buy is easily read . Tis a mysterj- the most profound . Mark what blunders parents constantly make as to the nature of their own tM&pring . br « J too under their eves , and

      displaying every hour their characteristics . How often in the nursery does the genius count as a dunce because he is pensive : while a rattling urchin is invested with almost supernatural qua 3 irje . < - because hisauimal spirits make him impudent and flippant : The schot > l-l > ov . abort- all other-, is not the simple beitu ; the world imagines . In that \ oung bosom are « ft » -ii stirring paxions as strung a ? our onu , desires not less violent , a lulitioii not less supren ; e . ]!> that young bu > om what burning loie . « liat intense ambition , what avarice , what lust of pv « er ; eiivj that fiends nihrbt emulate , hate thai man mirhr fear . '

      Comngsbj lilies at the dinner-table , and gh In ' j evidences of no < lefick > noy of " blooil , " thereby ciineiliates his grandfather . At dinner be makes the acquaintanw of one of Risrby ' s witty friends in th *" person of Lncian Gay , by whom our readers will " understand is meant " the late accomplished , but irnhappy Theodore Hook , who" To party gave up what was meant for mankind , " and had for his reward a life of mental prostitution , and a death of penurv and ne « rlect .

      LrCliS GAT . Nature had inu-nded Luc-ian Gay tor a scholar ana a wit ; necessirv [ his i > vrn folly ' ' ] had made him a scribbli-r and a buffoon . He had disriiigiiished himM-lf at the university ; but he had iu > patrimony , nor those power- ••( perseTerance which success in any learned profession r .- - tjuircs . Be was good-looking , bad great . inimal spirif-.. and a keen sense of enjoyment , and could not dru »! srr . Moreover , he had a tine voice , and sai « g his own snags with considerable taste acoomplishmeiits which maJr his fortune in society , and completed his ruin . In . Uu rime he extricated himself from the bench , ami mmred into journafism , by means of which he chanced to become acquainted with ilr . JJurby . That worthy iiuiiiidtiaJ m < not slow in detecting the treasure he had alighted on—a wit , a ready and happy writer , ajoyous and tractable beiii | r , ¦ srith the « mcation , and still the feelings and manners of a gentleman . Frequent the Sunda ; dinners which ! * >> u « tl Gay a guest at Mr , Rigby ' s villa : numerous the airv i > : u =-

      quinades he left behind , and which made the fortune of his patron . Flattered by the familiar ai . junintauce of a man of station , and sanguine that he had found the link which would sooner <> r later restore him to the polished world that he had forfeited , Gay laboured in his vocation ¦ with enthnsiasm and success . Willingly would Rigby have kept his treasure to himself ; and truly he hoarded it for along time , but it oozed out . Ri ; rby loved the reputation of possessing the complete art of s >» cietv . His dinners were celebrated at least for their guests . Great intellectual illustrations were fonnd there blended with rank and high station . Riglrr lov « -d to patronise ; to p ) ai the minister unbending , and seeking relief from th < r can-s -jt council in the society of authors , artists and men of science . He liked dukes to dine « ith him , and h ^ ar him scatter his audacious criticism to Sir Thomas or Sir Humphrey . The , j went away astounded by ihe jiuivcrs of their host , who had he not unfortunately dt-vuted those powers to their party , mut-t apparently h : i ^ i riialleil Vau . dyke , or discovered the saferv

      lamp-^ tow . in these diimers Luciai ) ( t ; iv , who bad brilliaiU conversational powers , and who possessed all tli- n st . urces of bi «> n companionship , nould be an in \ aluuMt ally . He was , therefore , admitted , and inspired l » - »! lr J . ; the present enjoyment and thi- future to which it might lead , his exertiwns were untiring , various us «> -t -ufie---filL Risrby- ' s dinners Wane still nx-re » -t-K-brat .-ii . * * * One thing Rijby was resohed ••!) : O : iysh"ul- ! never get into ilonnioutb-bouse . Th : it was an t-nipyji 311 loo high for his wing to soar in . Hj gby kept that solia . monopoly distinctively to mark the- relation ilia ! sub-isird between them a * patron and client . It wa- sometliiii - - : <¦ swagser about when thev were tosether after their st-v *<« ntl

      bottle of claret . Rijrbv kept his resolution for ...-. !)• years , « hich the frequent and pr > ilongtd absence «; : ii . marquess rendered not very ilifncult . But we are : ) . < creatures of circumstances : at lea . sl the RijrbT raie p : i " dcuiirfy Lord Moumoath returned to England oDr \\ . tr and wante < l t « be amused . He wanted a jester : a man about him who would make him—not laush . for thai » v : is impossible , but smile more frequently , tc-11 irood st «> rit- » . sav giXfd things and sing now an > l then , L- ^ pn'iallv Fr-i : ' li songs . Early in life Rigby would have attempted all tl . ithough he had neither fun . » oi < c . nor ear . * * * 1 : to « a ru ]~ nith Risrf'y Iha" n <> < m > -. if p < i-- ; M < -. shoald •}<• anylhiuc £ > r Lord M « nai < iuih but him * cif . anil as ; i jes' •;¦ must be found . b » - iti > determined thai hi * i . r . l- ! iip -1 j ...: ' ..

      hav « - the best in the market , and that lid -Im . uM 1 i ; . % < ft-. tre < iii .-I furi : ishin ^ ll ) -- arrii- ! e . A- a n -var'i . lh--rel ¦¦ : for many past services , and a fr ^ sh claim to tits futar . eit-rtions , Ri ^ by one day broke : * iay ¦ l a : thv h-juv r . -..: a : length arrived when the highest nhy . -ci <¦ : " his rea-w :. ! ' ' . ambition on Lis part , and the fulhlm . sit ol Rul . y -. )¦• - .. cherished and < li-ar » - > t } , ••;•¦ --. « ere alike to h < - rt-ai ' - tiay was to be prt = s * -irr * -ri »•• Lv > r-1 Monmou ?! . an « l . ? i :. ¦ - •• M onmouih-bouse-The acquaiiitiince iva ? a -crr .-ssful i >! i ^ v--ry acT-i > ¦ '• to l » oth parties , ' ^ ay lvi-anit- au habitual gui-s ! . f l . i . i . i Monmouth when hi- patron was in Ei .-. -hmd : an-l : n ? . iabsence received freqm-nt an < l < ub-tanti : i ' . wark-- <> f ' . ikind recollection , for L ^ -ril -Momn-iuth » a- ' - ' eii-r ^ ii- ¦ •¦ those wbo arnnsed him . / To -. oyntiii'Wi . J

      Untitled Article

      THE ILLUMINATED MAGAZINE . —Dcrksu ^ This numl > er is , at leart in the literary departint-nt , an improvement on the la .-t uuiuU-r . " Fatherlanil . "l *} Craven , is contimied . and increases in interest . * 'Tli » - Phiitisupby oi * Theatres"' b « one of Angus Roach % amusin ? . skft / -hes , with the philosophy of which w < cordially concur . "Young England and Ould - Ireland" contains some pood chit-chat , enunciating truths which Young England -will be all the bettei for studying . But the gem of the present number i > a continuation of Luke Roden ' s " Travel and Talk . " the subject of hi « present remarks beinir Italy . Froin these delightful reminisc-ences we luive selected a few extracts .

      We pass over the author ' s voyage to ( 'ivita-Yeechia , wnere having arrived he was immediately subjected to the plundering system ¦ which the " natives " seem to regard as the most indispensable of duties when an Englishman is the object of their rapine . For eight francs he had his eight packajre-s duly carried from rhe boat to the office of The dfliirenee ; here , how , ever , the services of his frane-a-pieee ]> orters ended . The Increase was broujrht to the office , but not a ; soul would lend a helping hand to place It on the diligence without being apain paid . In this dilemma the diligence starts , leaving our traveller behind , with the additional mortification of being exposed to a perfect Scotch fiwni-y / t'r of rain , and the pleasing reflection that he had paid for his conveyance by th < dilurence which had left him in the- lurch . At leujrtb another carriage was procured , and here let us « nv « - a specimen of

      TSiVIlLlXG IN ITA 1 T . tiff Vff- went—beinc jiromist-r t to arrive in six hi > urs ai most , it hein ? now tlirtv o ' clock . We r .-jrei'd to kcej > watrh alternately through the little window at the bark ¦¦ : the carriage , for we both Ml quite certain of a downfall Rain , wind , lightning : such rain as I thought wa * < jhi \ to be found among the tropjes . It came in at all parts , and we sat in a puddle . The windows would neither slii : ; nor open . That to windward sonn sma . sbi-d itself to atoms , and we took it by turns to hold up ; i i loak to tin opening . In the mid « t of deluge and darknes ? . crash , bump , splash , down came all our heavy lujrgage into ihi road , and the noise of the elements rendered it almosi impossible to make the postilion understand the lu-cidein . bnt a fanner in his cart just behind us . tumbled over t ?;< tnmk ? . and at last made him hear . PI . - \ - -. avt catastrophe this ; the united strength of postilion and farmer coul ' not lift the trunks a < rain . and our only r < sonn-e was t . stand in the road and baivl til ) some chance pas .-wv > -i

      should come to oar assistance . At Issr some labourin men came to our aid . and . by the help of flashes of li-rbining , we were enabled io see how to replace the luggage , but we had nothing to fasten it with . si > one of them wji . - pnt behind the farmer ' s cart , and one K-hind our wn vehicle , and the men walked after them to hold them uj ' This pleasant promenade lasted about two miles , ill ' delnp-e continuing with unabated tivlenci * , and the dark ness rather increa ^ in ^ ihan dinainijihiK ^ r , We arrived ¦ * •' last at what would be called in England , a hedge althouse , on entering which , -a scene presented itself , suci . as me sometimes ftt in paintings . A great number 01 men , with the regular melodrama high-crowned hats an . ! short jackets , were di-eplj engaged , somt- at cards , som . at lloro . all ^ oriferating with a fur > " as if they were 011 the point of cutting one anothers thruais . A blazing fire of -rine branches threw a glare of light over a larjrt barn-Mke room , and brought out in strong relief smux srronps that would have been worthy of the pencil ol "WiTkie . I did not half like my company .

      TVe at last procured cords and straps , and when the trunks -were once more fastened on I was assailed for nonet bv haH-a-dozen volunteers , as well as the farmer and the men who had accompanied us . The impudence with which every one fixed the amouDt of his own exorbitant reward , and the ferocity with which he insisted on compliance with his terms , made me again regret my ¦ want of Italian execrations . Not having enough monej in m v pockets to satisfy aH demands , I gave the farmer ( who was going to Bome ) a note to be presented at the hotel to which we had been recommended— = not thinking it prn dent , in such company , to open my desk and taie out a j-oulf-au of Napoleons .

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      On again we went . Raui , rain , rain . Torrents of water across the road , which almost took the horses off their feet . Such road *—heaven and earth ! even French roads are better . The Pope ( as some one remarks with more wn than reverence ) must be what he calls himself , ftod " s Vicegerent , for the road to Rome is so like the road to heaven—narrow , difficult , and full d obstacles . At length they reached the Eternal City , anil after enduring all the miseries of a Custom-house examination , are permitted to « eek shelter and repose . Our author gives us a magnificent description of St . Petvrs , with an account of a gorgeous ceremonial service performed therein on the last day of the year . These we aiv compelled to pass over , but we caiumt resist the temptation to f ive the following account of

      TBX CoLISECM . Oiu- 01 ihrif ancient structures , hOWCYer—thi Coliseum—so fai from producing disappointment , greatly exceeded my expectations ,. I had seen views of it in innumerable variety , and more than one cork model ( the best of all materials for giving a faithful representation of dilapidated buildings } ; but when ) actually entered the arena , and looked round on the stupendous mass , 1 was struck with an astonishment approaching to awt . The level surface of the interior is covered with turf , and surrounded bj a Sort of small altars , called stations , each with a picture representing some p : tssajre in the life of Vhrist . These were erecU-U to eon * 0-rut ( the spot , and to prevent it from wanton

      spoliation ; a wise laid amiable feeling , which I was sorry to hear bad beec set at di * fiaiif < - by an English lady of high rank , who had brought a pic-nic party to dance . Scotch reels in a plact now dedicated to religion . Tliis open denauce of thf f .-oling ? jf foreigners is of not very uufrequt-nt occurrence iunong the wealthy tr : v \ i-Hitr froni Great Britain . It causes a strong st-ntinif-nt of dingust and humiliation among tlu-ir countrymen of better rogulaied minds , and exciter unbouuded indignHtion in the Italians ; for even those 01 them who huve no belief whatever in < Tiristianit > ' . and tilth- name is Lcgiun ) , still feel it a national insult . The sincere Italians speak of it as « c should speak oi ' a similar exhibition by foreigners in St . Paul ' s Cathedral , or Westminster Abbey .

      The noble ruins of this vast amphitheatre are still bo perfect in parts that one has no difficulty in completing the building hi the imagination . The broken steps and arches are in even -tage of picturesque dilapidation , and are almost covered with the « -el ) -Lnown flower so comjnoii on our vlA vrailf , but here arriving at a size and colour which gives a green and purple hue to the whole uia » s uf ruin < , . md forms a vrn beautiful ornament . * * * * # The circumference oi ' tbis great oval is stated to bt more than < i 00 yards i lt < j ><> feet English ) ; and its height 17 u f et-t ; so that vou ma \ form an idea of its magnitude .

      by considering that it is almost double tlie length of St . Paul ' s . Cathedral , and Higher than the gallery of the monument . It is said to have lield a hundred and sUt \ thousand spectators . "When Titus had completed this enormous amphitheatre ( begun by his fathor , Vespasian ) , he-jave a series of spectacles therein which occupied a hundred consecutive days , and ii is reported that on this occasion two thousand gladiators ami five thousand wild beast ? were sacrificed . Allowing the greatest latitude for exaggeration , the mind recoils with horror at the contemplation of such a scene of slaughter .

      We must close our extracts with the following re flections on

      THE DEST 1 KT or ITALY . The temporary oblivion in wliioh it se * ms plunged appears to me but like tlw repo&ts 01 tlit jriant , to refresh himself for still gTeater exertions . I cannot but think that it is destined , at ni > distant period , to advance to a hijrb place in th » - front rank of nations , and resume almost its former influence . There is a mighty spirit at work tli >» re , temperiup the clay to make great men : may it be sm-c-t ^ rfnl ! * * * The Italians are x > nc- <> f the noblest races that ever peopled the earth , to me ther .- seems more hope of their ultimate triumph than that of any other nation uot

      alrv-ady advanced to th < foremost rank in civilization . Physically and intellectually , they have the finest organization ever bestowed by nature . ' They are fitting themselves for the position which they are obviously destined to tukv , and n «» thin ;^ can interrupt , destroy , or delay the consummation but an attempt at revolution , above all a revolution aft . > r tLr fasliion of France . Whenever the people are called on to aid a revolution , it must clearly depend on the state of the people as to knowledge and virtiu , whether the revolution shall be conducted to good or t-vil . The true friends of Italy are steadily labouring to spread thi > He . «* inps - > f education and political knowledge , and in tin 1 fulness of ' .- ¦«< - the fruit will he seen—it

      i >< . t distant , if the misguided " a ) of hot-headed enthusiasts can b-- restrained within the bounds of common seni-t It ^ ; : in jurious country , and worthy of the noble ¦ ace that fills it . Those now living will see the full ac-. nmplishment of all that th < - most ardent friend of prog ress can desire ; let them bu ! r- fiirm as fast as they can , and do ! atij-mpt to reform a ? fast as they can ' t , and all < vil ! he well . ftaly , a- a -. vriH-r in ' . hi- Autulogia expresses it , in the miist exquisite- Italian that i-ver houvurfl a printer ' ^ types . *• thoujrh overrun by so many enemies—torn by so many cruel factions—de ^ nutated by so many borrid warsby Treason , i £ a ;> ine , and Conflagrations , still remains beautiful and interesting—an object of admiration to all . O . Italians . " s r . » uc > - prostrate y < jur >< -hes , and kiss this s ; u-red earth . si-k there" :: iiie ! '¦¦• . ts !< -ps . if your an- 'o ^ tors , : imt learij to tri-. id i : i tbem "'

      ruder the liirail of" Kim * Arts'' is irivt-n n short wount of iljt- { icople ami curiosities uf Bolivia , one < if the Snutii AnuTk-a :. H < [ iub ! iis . The article is most inUTi-stinc . l ) Ut far Uh » brief to ilo justice to such » siibjct-t . I ' lii" rvtnainiuc prose articles * do not require any notice . Fnim ilw puftica ! contents we , -5 trart the ioUuwins , with whic )) w must oondndc thi > noti ' -o : — fTiJi . J . ' STjR- ! -i < ir > : M . -irs ' beautiful star ; - ' K 5 < i 5 iif in railiaiirt-, throned 111 your cai * . Wh .-n day dies in beauty Afar o \ -r the deep , Ve t-onii- t * i vonr dutv .

      Tour lone watch to kf-ep . I love your lijrlit ilan < ins o ' er rivor ami v \ ood—Lik ^ Virtui's ciistenc-. as jf ln-vmi- as fo < jd . Stars : stars ! b- _ -autit " u ! sUirs ! Litrhtinj : tlif lunt-ly niclrt . sonhinj ; its prs . While jraziiifr abme iuc , Y"ur euft lights appear Like sweet eves tliat love me . And wntcliing m < - h « -r <' . Eics that hair } rft thi ? cold world of < l » - (< ajr . But now Warn from hea ^ eD . and V « .-ckon me 1 ^ 0

      ^ tars ' . stars ! beautiful stars . ' Watching , till rooming th < day- ? ato unbarp . In crowds how you cluster , Ur siugly ye go , Still bending your lustre T . j mortals bt-lo" ' ^ Flow ^ -autiful night is , a bride i ' -. nd ind warm , And i < hanir like jewel ? about her fair form .

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      ImportrNcr , ot Studtisg Grammar . —To those who begin and do not intend to go on—a class of students which Puwh tells us is ven- numerous—it would be in vain to address arguments on this subject . Men who are not in earnest themselves seldom appreciate the earnestness of others ; but they who have felt the dipnitv of improvement , will attentively regard a new effort for their l « nefit—and to them I speak . In the introduction to an oid Oxford Latin Grammar , it Is elegantly said that " Grammar is the sacrist thai bears the key of knowledge , by whom alone admittance can lx ? had to the temple of the muses and treasures of the arts , " Bishop Lowth , the father of

      Knclifh nrnnmiaT . styles it " the basis on which all literature ousht to rest . " Is it because difficulties present thcniRelves that these assurances have no weisrht . that irmmniar i « so little soujrht after and so scldolii acquired ~ < Let it be renienilxired , that be who shrinks from difficulties in a necessary pursuit , is wanting in vigour and manliness . In our day the difficulties attending the study of gi-ammar are so few as not to be wonh enumeration . Sidney , in his ' Defence of Poesy , " bideed , tells us that " it was a jiioce of the Tower of Babylon ' s curse , that a man should be put to school to learn his mother tongue . " Hut this was only true wherj our language was in its infancy , and our learned men wrote in Latin , and -onstructed English Grammars for Latin scholars . Since then , they have practice ! that noble condescension which Pr . Johnson so justly praised , and

      have so simplified their high knowledge for the benefit if the youns , the poor , and tho ignorant , that no one ¦» f any pretensions to sense and industry can complain if inability to acquire grammar . "When _ Theon asked . if Epicurus— "VVho'can hope to rival Zeno ?" " Tou ! " answered the . sase . " Why should you not ? vou have innocence—you have sensibility—you have .-nthusiasm—yon have ambition . With what better promise could ' Zeno begin his career ' . Courage , my son . Without confidence Homer had never written ¦ l is PJiad—no , nor would ' Zeno now be worshipped in his portico . " . Xo subject posse ^ es Greater facilities for study than grammar . If Lavater / Bhimenbach , and Gall beheld their sciences in even' face , and frame , and head , the irrammarian is not less surrounded by the materials of his art ; for in privacv sentences issue from himself , and in public they fall on bis ear .

      No department of . knov ledge is like grammar . A p erson may conceal his . uorance of any other art ^ - but every " time he speak-. he publishes his ignorance of this . ' Other arts nja ; . be practised occasionally , but the art of speakins m \; st be practised continually . Is it not strange that " what all must do hourly , few care to do correctl y ? There can be no greater imputation on the intelligence of any man , than that he should talk from the cradle to the tomb , and never talk well . "What is more mortifying than to see persons with laudable pretensions , men of fine forms aDd sonorous voices , incapable of constructing half-a-dozen sentences grammatically ? It is humiliating to reflect that tley , for whom nature has done so mucli , should do so little for tbemselYes . They reBemble the Cabled apples of Pandemonium—tempting and fair to the siglit , but bitter ashes on the taste . How severe is the reproach of Shelley , in the following passage jb

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      his letters from Rome— " I have seen women here of the highest beauty ; their brows and lipa , and the moulding of the face , raodellt-d with sculptural exactness and the dark luxuriance of their hair floating over their fine complexions—and their lips—you Hm . « t Mar the com /» u > n-pUices which escape from them hffore they cease to be dangerom . " To acquire grammar , ' resolution ir all that is wanted ; not that vacillating thing made in one hour and forgotten the next—but a resolution possessing a little persistency , a determination that can-, iot make excuses , and that will not see difficulties . There is no art or science can baffle this . The Rev . Mr . Gillepgie , of America , in his " Lectures to Young Men , on the Formation of Character , " says very forcibly , " / can ' t do it" never did

      aiwthins" 777 in / 'has worked wonders—and " I will doit " has performed prodigies . " The acquisition of grammar h indispensable , and ought to be the first of all undertakings . It isaglorious advantage , and introduces its possessor to the noblest of all republics—the republic of literature . It would be false delicacy to conceal the truth , that the want of grammaris a perpetual reproach . Generally speaking , nothing atones fpr the deficiency . Thewealthy and educated dail y triumph over the ignorant and poor . Grammar is defensive , and gives a man more useful amis than those which Magna Charta permits him to cany . The battle of liberty is now fought with the tongue and the pen , and he puts in the strongest claim to freedom who is able to explain and defend it .

      He who has not energy for the acquirement of grammar ought to suspect himself . It is a question of choice between present application and lasting in-«« parity between the industry of a few weeks and the blunders of a whole Yifc—Holyoake ' s tactical GranvtiMr ,

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      labourers . If ever this should ) come to pass , it must lead to good things . For of course the matter won ' t stop there . The squire , after making so familiar , will look in at the men's houses ; will talk with their wives and little ones about their food , and their clothes , and such like—giving | them a kind word and a helping hand when they want it . This , of course , will come of the matter ; otherwise , for my part , I can't see such very great goodjin it . Politeness is a nice thing , and sometimes waiW a poor man ' s heart more than he can toll it ; ftntj politeness itself won ' t put a 'tatoe on the plate when there isn't one . Folks can't eat quoits and foot-balls . And now , Sir , I hope you will be so good as to let me have this hit of land . It , will , I feel , make quite a man

      of me . 1 es , Sir , I mean that word and no other . As it is , Sir — 1 don ' t know how it can be — but somehow at times I don ' t feel a man at all . 1 seem as if I'd no business in the world ; as if I was a sort of toad or slug upon the soil ; an interloper on the land , having no right even to make a footmark on it . The sun doesn't seem to shine for me—nor the wheat to shoot—nor the hedge-flowers to blow . 1 feel sometimes as if poverty in this world was made the mark of Cain , . and was upon me ; with this hard difference , too , that any man ! might smite me for it . And then , Sir , the temptations that fly and run about one ! I mean , the game , Sir . Many a time , when I've heard the pheasant crow , it has somehow sounded—though not a bit like it— like one of my children crying for food , and then for a minute my brain has been in a blaze , and I'd have done

      anvthing . When things are at the worst , and starvation is for days in my cupboard , the devil—or something like him—has sent ft he hares running about me , as though on purpose to lie knocked down with a stick . It ' s a hard matter , Sir , to keep one ' s hands oft ' a dinner running at one ' s feet—a dinner thnt it ' s hard to think belongs to anybody in particular . And , therefore , honoured Sir , I do ' i hope for a bit of land . If it's no bigger , one may say ^ than a lark ' s turf , like the lark I know I can whistle upon it and he happy . And 90 , honoured Sir , askingipardon for my boldness , as a poor man in thinking of such a thing , I remain , yours humbly to command , ; Aiiel Weei > . The Laxdlokd ' s Answer . —Abel Wml . —Had you known anything of the true principles of political economy , yon would never have written such a letter to me , a landowner . Know , i that it is much better for you that you should not ) have even a quarter of an acre—that it is for the social good of all that you should remain as vou are . — ' 1 heophilo Casaax .

      Bart . i [ We arc sorry that wa cannot ; give thf l'kti > rial Ittvstrations to this week's budget of Punch's " Complete Letterwriter ; " thu one preceding the labourer ' s respectful application , representing the lean , tout upright MAS , preferring his request to booted Btg-Bellj , reclining on the lap tif Plenty : thu other appropriately ! following Lukd Radnob ' ^ —( we bep pardon—the Hurt , landlord ' s)—cold philoioyhical "answer , " representing ; the labourer prostrate with the weighty and powerful ; leg and foot of " Privilege , "—the knee decorated with the Garter—on his neck , crushing him into ' the earth . ' ! We could haw liked to have been able to let the worker ' s see how their claims are advocated , ami rights defended , by the pencil , as oell as the pen of Punch . ) \ Do oblige i : s for once . —Parliament is announced to open on the ith of February . Really , it would be a favour , Sir Robeit , if you would put it off to the 29 th . !

      Truth on both Sides . —4 Alderman Hughes delivered himself last week at the Mansion-house of the sage observation , that " children and fools always speak the truth . " For the ] future , then , we shall always believe Alderman Hughes .

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      American Whig Eloque . vce . —The following splendid specimen of American eloquence is extractedirom . a speech of one of Clay ' s supporters , during the recent contest for the American Fi-esidency . It ' s well a Chartist didn't thus deliver himself : — " Americana This is a great country—wide—vast—and in the southwest , unlimited . Our Republic is yet destined to re-annex aU . South America—to occupy the ltusshn possessions , and again to recover possession of those British provinces which the prowess of the old thirteen colonies won from the French on the plains of Abraham ; all ri g htfully ours to re-occupy . Ours is a great and growing country . Faneuil Hall was its cradle ; but whar—whar will be found timber enough .

      for its coffin ? Scoop all the water out of the Atlantic ocean , and its bed would not afford a grave sufficient for its corpse . And yet Ameriea has scarcely grown out of the gristle of boyhood . Europe ( what is Europe ? She is no whar : nothing ; a circumstance ; a cypher ; a mere obsolete idea . We have faster steamboats , swifter locomotives , larger creeks , bigger plantations , better mill privileges , broader lakes , higher- mountains , deeper cataracts , louder thiHfler , forkeder lightning , braver men , handsomer « f ; atn , and more money than England ctorhave !—( thundering applause ) . Who is afraid ? If young America , then' in the cradle , strangled the British lion , and afterwards bucked John Bull into the briny gnit " of Mexico , with what ease can our country , now in ' the giant strength of manhood , plant its tiag on the

      shores of the Pacific , seize Quebec and Gibraltar , blockade the English Channel , and plant the stars and stripes upon the tower of London . —^ loud cheers ) . Americans ! Remember that your eountij was born in blood , baptized in gore , cradled in the war-whoop and bred to the rifle and bowie knife . We ha \ efowt our way up . First come the war oi the revolution . The colonies cut their way out of it , thiough blood and carnage and thunder . They tore their blanket wide oping . Onue or twice it looked like a mighty slim chance ; but they cut and seared and tore ana slaughtered away like hell ' s blazes . —( cheering ) . They grappled John Bull like a pack of bull terriers . They tuck him by the haunches ; they grappled his winepipe , and at last they made him bellow like bloody thunder .

      Benefit of "Knowledge , " and tts Application . — The captain of a Spanish vessel making far the Cove of Cork in great distress , took a pilot on board at the mouth of the river , knowing that the course was rather intricate , and being very timid , he questioned the pilot very closely as to his knowledge ol the river . " Are you sure you know the course ? " said the captain . " " Know it , is it ? " said Fat ; " every inch of it as well as I know my right hand . " " Are you sure you know all the rocks ? " asked the captain , anxiously , " The rocks , is it ?—every pebble . " " WeQ , now , take care , " continued the captain , '" you don't appear steady . Are you sure you know the rocks ?" " By Jasus , " every one of them , " replied Tat , when at the instant the vessel struck violently upon a rock . "There ' s one of them for you now , " said Pat , triumphantly , " didn't I tell vou I knew them all ?"

      Lang cage with as "I" our . —The witty Curran was once in conversation with Charles James Fox , when an Irish client , whose neck Curran had saved from the gallows , happened to pa 3 S , and seeing Gurran , accosted him with a leer , saying : " How arc you , counsellor ' . 0 , how ' s your honour ? " '' Well , Mullagan , is that you < What brought you here ?" " 0 , curosity , curosity , your honour ; " upon which 'Fox observed : "Well * Curran , how your countrymen do murder our language . " "Murder ! murder ! do you call it ? said Curran ; ' why he only knocked an ' i' out of it . " ^ CnEAP LlVINO—CHEAPER THAN T 1 TE " ClIE . VP I . 0 AF . " —There is said to be an editor in Pennsylvania whom it coats nothing for board , as he subsists entirely by swallowing his own words .

      The Rclixg Pasbjox . —It is impossible to av « id the use of terms of art . An author , while discus . ' itig the Corn-Law question , was heard to enquire what price bread was published at ; and a printer ' s boy just returned from delivering a letter , declared that he found the place out at last ; " but it was at the top of the house , and he had to open farlf a qvire of door * k'fore he got to it . " One Tongue Plenty . —A matron lady boh . ; , .-v-ked why she did not leani the French language , replied that one tongue was sufficient fora woman .

      Blind avd Di / jib . —The captain of a trading vessel having some contraband goods on board , and which he wished to land , said to an exciseman or wharfinger I whom he knew ; , ' If I were to put a sovereign upon each of " your even , could you see . * " The answer was , " No ; and if 1 had another upon my mouth I oould not speak . " " The Times . vint now as they used to pe . "Folks dont go to bed nov-a-days — they " retire . " . Nobodv eats their dinner—people " take some

      refreshment . " Nobody goes to church , but " people attend divine service . " There is no Sunday—it is a " Sabbath . " No one gets his tooth pulled—it is " extracted . " Instead of drinking tea or coffee , the fashionable only " sip a little . " " No one tears a hole in his pantaloons—but it is no rare thing that he "lacerates" them . The ladies don't go a- -, isi ting—( hey ' - 'only make calls . " Young men don ' t go a courting—they only " step in to pass the evening . " One £ T . mdnia " s ufod hard-backed chans , bat "ur . belles have stuffed backs to their seats .

      The Soi . k itor- ' iexerai . and the Fochpe \ : < i-1 > it . — lVluiv the tburpenny pieces came into eircula ion , Sir FiY-derick Thrsigcr , the present Solicitor-Geti'Tal , verv frequently emraired the < ame cab to take him fi-nin Wt-stmjnster iiTill to Chancery-lane , arid , i ! w . iys gave the driver a shilling , but after the fourpouny pieces wiine out , lie one morning presented the cabby with two " little ' uns" as his fare , when the cabman , looking reprovingly , said , " Dang it , counsellor , this baint liberal . " " Wliat , sir , " replied the Solicitor-GeneraL " are you a Chartist ? " "Chartist , Chartist !" responded cabby , " what ' s that ' Why arc you for annual Parliaments , universal suffrage , and vote by ballot ?' ¦ ' " 0 . ' 1 knows nothing about them '

      A Waiter Piddled . —A rollicking set of youngsters , as light in pocket as head , once sallied forth for a spree , and having fared sumptuously at a tip-lop tavern , they began to dispute who should pay the bill , each outvieing the other in hospitality ,, when one proposed , as all were anxious to pay , the waiter should be blindfolded , and whoever he caught should be dignified with the honour of being host , and that the others should pay the waiter a sovereign . This proposition seemed to tickle the waiter ' s tancy , and he immediately submitted hiaeyes to be tightly i > ound , when the party removed the table and chairs , bustled about the room in good style , opened the door , and escaped one by one , the last taking care to blow out the candles and lock the door after him .

      A Poser . —Why is Lord Brougham like "Judy" in the puppet-show " ? Because he can't agree with Punch . . National Education . —An examiner was sen to the south of Ireland some time ago , to examine a class of forty youths taught under the new education system . The " schoolmaster arranged his boys so that each should know his question and answer ; howt-ver , unfortunately for the anxious teacher , one of theclas 3 ( the fourth boy ) was taken ill , and could not attend ; whereupon his question fell to the fifth lad , and thus deranged the whole class . The master asked the boy what'he believed in besides God the Father and God the Son . ' To which he replied— " Nothing , your honour . " "Nothing ! why , you little scoundrel , don ' t you believe in the Holy Ghost V " No , your honour , the boy that believ «» s in the Holy Ghost Is sick in bed , gone home with the measles . " ¦

      Jidy , Tim , asp the Warm Pi-usteb . —Whea the pooi Irish feel want and hunger , they invariably complain of an impresgion upon the heart . Judy complained to the dispensary physician of a great impression upon her heart , for which the doctor gave her a rine large warm plaister , upon a piece of good sheep skin . In process of time the patient returned to thank the doctor , who asked her if the warm plaister had done her good , to which she replied— "Ocht than , wisha , thank your honour , God knows it did me good , and Tim good too . " " Tim , " said the physician , "how did it do him good ? " "Why , your honour , " replied Judy , "when it cured the impression upon my heart , it made a fine seat for ' 1 im ' s breeches V

      TnE I > ino a . \ d the Crier . —It i&customary , after a town crier has made publication of " lost or mislaid , stolen or . gtraved , " to conclude with "God save the King . " In the discharge of his office , the-bellman of New Ross , in the , county of Wexford , once advertised the loss of a horse . "Lost or mislaid , stolen or straved , from the Crook , outside Martin Doyle ' s public-bouse , on Saturday List , a bay gelding , five years old , two white Land Ws below the hoof , a short inane , cocked tail , some white in his countenance , and answering- to the name of Billy * and sure to start at agun-shot . A reward of something shall be given to whoever shall restore the horse to the owner . God save the King , with an old Baddleon his back ;" which last words the bellman had omitted to add to the description .

      The Irishman and Sack of Potatoes . —An Irishman once riding to the market with a sack ofpotatoes before him , discovered that the horse was getting tired , whereupon he dismounted , put the potatoes on his own shoulders , and again mounted , saying , "it was better that he should cany theprciUs , as fie was fresher than the poor bo $ u . " The two Sailors . 'and shb Wootxen Leg . —Ill those days when men were chargeable with their own misdeeds , a quarrel arose between twosjiito ^ aa 'tb'tbe right of property in something p 4 Xfcj ^^^^ 5 ^ W ! l > rMl < rr . Words rose high ,, and blows mj& | jp § jp £% ^ i £ b ^ ; £ ? when th . e more discreet tar , vihm ^^^ ja ^ a ^^ r tft Jjsi wooden leg , shrewdly observed tO ma ^ Wj $% r . ^ & Jack , I tell you what—if ihe cbi& Wmm fS ^ m *? it ' s mine ; if not , it ' s your ' s . " S 1 ^^ 3 |^ b ^^ f * t % that ' fair enough , " was the re ^ . vTTj ^^ dh ^ [ naa wffc ' not a wooden leg ! £ > W ^ ¦^¦ - ' ^ i , ¦' ^ ** W S ( w < rj | j j ^< # j *? ' ,.- ., ¦ ' .:. ¦ : - . .. .. . . ¦ ¦ . - . y ^ MS ^ . .,.

      F^X&Gt;* Xn.

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      ^Rfu'fto.S'

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      ^Literature.

      ^ Literature .

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      A BOWL OF " PUNCH , " FRESH BREWED . ifUSH Feathers . —Lord CastWoa ^ h promises to be worthy of that fattier who has given to the world A Voi / cxge to Constantinople ; for at a recent dinner to the Londonderry tenantry , he said , "the proudest fi-atha'in Lord , Londonderry ' s cap was not the laurrfx he had won in the field , but the tenantry over whom he presided . " Truly , - 1 / r . i . Malnprop could not have made a prettier jumble of feathers and laurels . As for Punch , whenever he thinks of Londonderry ' s cap , ho never dreams of feather * , but of bdh .

      'Ihe Wobkhol'sb and the Gaol . —Wjiat a wicked set are the poor ! Under the frivolous pretence of hunger , like animals ignorant of the rights of property , they rush into ( bakers shops , and , without one penny in their pockets , seise anddevour a twist worth twice the amount ! Therefore , of course , : thcy are sent to gaol . But this , is their very object . Instead of meekly kissing the rod of Sir James Oraham , and submitting , with resignation , to the just reward of their poverty , they craftily manage to exchange the workhouse for the milder horrors of the prison . With this unprincipled view , they actually go and break windows . The daily police reports prove the fact . Now

      destitution must be punished . The law , backed by a bishop , has said " ho ; still , respectable people must not have their windows broken . The good man's twopenny twist must be protected . We see but one course to pursue . Justice must be sometimes sacrificed to expediency ; and infinitely lower on the scale of morality as the pauper must be allowed to be than the convict , still theft must be nut down . This-can only be done by increased severity , and , accordingly , we recommend that the prisons and unions should respectively change their iumates ; tho poor being at once sent to gaol , and the felons consigned to the workhouse . The alteration may bear rather hard upon the thief ; but that cannot be helped .

      One Trial will prove the Fact . —The town of Koanigsberg , in Germany , is without a censor of the press , as no one can be found to accept that inquisitorial office . Why don't they make a tempting offer to Sir Rolwrt Peel for the services of Sir James Graham ? We are positive he would be found , on trial , to have quite a genius for that sort of thing . Old Enolaxp and Yocm ; E . noi . an'I * . —Who can fail to be struck with the alterations in the fashions since the days of chivalry ? Then , steel turned up with leather was the prevailing material , and a delicate trimming of spikes gave a finish and fulness to the shoulder . Gloves , instead of being formed of the

      flimsy kid , were regularly Birmingham manufacture ; ami a grasp of the band' from a friendly knight was not a thing to joke about . The falchion has been superseded by the cane ; the crested saucepan for tin- head by the velvet-napped gossamer . We can fancy a tailor ' s window in the olden time , with its Froissart-like " stock , " and good old English labels . We think we « co a placard thus inscri (> cd — " Lookke hearre ! Yese fyn-ne coattes of inaille fytte for yo stouteste knygbto , onlie 4 and G . " Yes , imagination paints to our heated vision a lot of greaves , with a ticket announcing , " Fyve tliousanddo panvs " of them . " Brit this is all over now , and the high low has trodden down the knightly what-do-ye-call-it .

      Worthy the attention op Ministers . —Wanted , any place in ; the present Cabinet , for an active young man who has travelled in Kgypt , Jerusalem , Syria , &e . < kc . His father is convinced that " lie never will bring disgrace on tho high and influential name which , he bears , and that he' will be found ft useful and efficient servant . " Anybody treated with . Address , the Marquis of Londonderry , ifoldernrSKC House . —N . B . The young man liasiio objection to go abroad for the benefit of bi . s < ouiitrv .

      f rrom this iveek . 1 . \ umhr . r . J Letter ntoa a Peasant , foh as Ali . otmknt ok Laxi > to a r . A . snoH . vEK . —Ihmounul Sir , — Hoping that you will lie pleased to pardon the boldness of a pi > ov man who -wants to keep his wife and children , 1 take up my pen to write . And , honoured Sir , 1 hope you will forgive me , if' I say that I fuel a little happy that 1 am able to put a few words to paper , it being a sort uf comfort to a man , howsoever poor he may be . My boldness , honoured Sir , is this . It is , under your favour and consideration , to a-sk of your kindness , to let me have an acre of land ; or , if i am too bold in asking a whole acre , half or a quarter of the same . I know that it may be thought a little high and daring in me , to a . sk for such a favour , seeing

      that your estates are let out in large farms . It is , perhaps , a presumption , and—as I ' ve been told—a * ort of flying iii the face of property , for a man wlw isn ' t rich enough to farm a thousand acres ; wbo hasn ' t money for cattle and bone-dust , and all that , —to think of having a little slice of land , just to grow ; i few things on for himself and children , land only l > eing for them who can have a lot of it , or none . Nevertheless , Sir , 1 hope for your kindness . I ' ve been all along used to go to church , though 1 hope I may be forgiveu for it- —I haven ' t been these two montlw , seeing that my clothes are all in such rags that , as one 0 ? the churchwardens told me , they were quite a disgrace to a respectable congregation . Well , Sir , 1 say I used to go to church , but 1 never heard there

      whether the Garden of Eden was twenty thousand acres or not—perhaps the gentlemen who set their faces against small allotments , know it to have been a very large farm indeed , and so think they have religion upon their side , when they refuse a poor man a little patch for his own spade . I know that it was made a part of the punishment of sin—a part of the curse of heaven , that man should eat his bread in the sweat of his face . That , however wicked he mav have been , he should not on his own-account be sufered to eat his bread at all , does seem to iiie—and ray heart is so full , I can ' t help saying it— -very like a curse coming from the other place . 1 suppose , too , they who cat bread from the sweat of other people , have never sinned at all .

      I hope , honoured sir , you will forgive these words ; but my pen runs away with me like . When I ; isk , honourqd Sir , for this bit of land , 1 mean , of course , to pay the very highest price you can get for it . 1 know that land let out in little bits is always made to fetch more than when let by the lump . This , of course , the poor must expect . It is so in all things . My wife gives more for her bit of soap and candle ( when she can buy it ) , more for ' my bit of 'baeeo , than if we could buy ; such things by the pound , like respectable people . And it isn ' t then to be expected that a great landlord , even though he may be a Duke to boot , will do otherwise than the keeper of a ehandler ' s-shop . No , Sir , though my neighbours say I ' m a bold fellow , and have strange nonsense

      running in my head , I don ' t expect that . If people wern ' t so foolish as to think otherwise , there would never have been such a noise about a gentleman who said , " If he let a lug of land for fivepence when he could get eightpence for it , he should be giving away threepence to the tenant . " The gentleman only said what was true—the gentleman only said what nearly all the world do with one another even day of their lives . I was reading in a London newspaper that was lent me a day or two ago , where all sorts ' . of things were advertised to be sold one under the other ; coats , and waistcoats , and trousers , for almost no money at all . Well , the people who buy ' em says it's no business of theirs how the things are made ; that ' s not their concern—all

      they want , as a duty to themselves and iarndies , is to get a cheap penn ' orth ; as it were to wrap themselves comfortably up in a bargain and then go with their prayer-booKS to church to show it . If we could ever think that the time would come when folks wouldn ' t bargain with folks , as though because they'd money to buy , they'd eat their fellow-creatures up—if it isn ' t , indeed , bold in me to say fellow-creatures—if \ vp could ever hope for such a time , why , sir , then this world would be indeed much nearer heaven than , perhaps , poor men have any right to expect . And yet , Sir , church has puzzled me now and then . When the parson has told us that we are all made of earth , I

      have , I own it , now and then looked into a tine pew or two , and — if it ' s » sin , I hope I may be pardoned for it—and I have sometimes doubted it . To De sure , soil ia so different ; the better sort of folks maybe the rich and loamy , and the poor the cold stiff clay , only fit for draining . Still , Sir , folks say that things are brightening up for the poor . There are a good many signs of it . Only last autumn , I'm told , three real lords played at cricket somewhere with some shopkeepers . A man in our village—who ' s reckoned ito know something— has said it isn't unlikely that in 'less than twenty years a squire may now and then join in quoita or foot-ball with day-

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      DBcaaqSEB 7 , 3844 . THE NORTHERN STAR . 3

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      Liability of Military Officers to Toll . —A case was recently brought before Ithe Leeds magistrates , by Captain John St . Alban , of the 83 d , who claimed exemption from the payment of toll at one of tlie toll-bars . The exemption of ^ officers of infantry regiments from the payment of toll for passing through turnpike-bars on horseback being a question of some doubt , a communication was made to the War-office on the subject , and the following answer has been received : — | " War-offiiu , Nov . L'S .

      " Sir , — 1 am directed to acknowledge the receipt » your letter of the 23 d inst ., and tu acquaint vou . for the information of the magistrates of Leeds , that tho Law officers of the Crown have given their opinion that the words of the Mutiny Act do exepipt , as they were Intended to i-xi-mpt , all military officers iin uniform , dross or ui \ - tircss , and their horses , from the payment of toll when passing through turnpike-gates or bridjfen erected h \ the authority of Parliament . This ; exemption extends to military officers , whether required ; hy her Majesty ' s regulations tu keep horseB fin- the public service or not , and when riding for exercise or recreation , as well as when travelling in the actual performance ! of an act of public duty . the oniy condition being , that the officers must be in uniform , dress or undress . ; 11 I am , ic . ; " L . Stlliv ^ n . ' ¦ To Robert Han-, Esq ., Leeds . "

      Nohthehn Winter . —The iwinter has set in with great severity at St . Petersburg . As it siiocli ) he . —Sir Hi Yemey has given ! iU tenants leave to shoot over tlieir" respective ( amis . ItoTAL 1 ' rksk . vt . —Queen Victoria lias heat three carriage-dogs of great beauty'as presents to King 1-rederick William oi' 1 ' russia . ; Royal Charity . —The Kingof the Kivneli has sent £ 200 to be distributed this winter anions : the poor of Windsor . i . The Xew Jcdoe . —Mr . Erie is in bis 52 nd ye ; iv , and represented Oxford in Parliament from H . 'i 7 until 1 . 411 . Heavy Hark . —A white hare , weighing ' . Mb . fioz ., without the intestines , was killed the other day war Gilthwaiterigg , by the Kend ; il harriers .

      IVnLic Baths at Hill . —; The Town Council of Hull have granted £ . 500 to mike public baths adjoining tht' new Water Works . ' . Novki , Import . — During tho last fortnight there have been several importations of candles of Dutch and Belgian manufacture , byiway of Hamburgh . Equvocal Compliment . — It is proposed to erect a lunatic asylum for Cumberland and Westmoreland , by way of a memorial to the late Earl of Lonsdale . Clyde Ship Kritniso . —Of twenty-two steam-vossels built and building on the Clyde this season , only one is a wooden vessel , jthe rest being made of iron .

      How to Check Poaching . ;—Recently C . Scansbrick , Esq ., of Scarisbriek-hall , and another gentleman , killed upwards of flOO liares , all of which were presented to the tenant * . Speed the Plough . —Mr . Daniel Field , the champion of the plough , has been challenged to a ploughing match by Mr .. John Cornish , of Kenn , the winner of the silver cup at Exminster . j Mr . Rowla . no Hill . —The ; Economist skates that this gentleman gave up a permanent appointment of £ . 500 a year , at the request of Government , to work his scheme of penny postage , j Indian Government . —It is jstated that the Cabinet is meditating a complete change in the government of India , by introducing a measure next session tantamount to the extinction of the political power of the Court of Directors . i

      Gueen Old Aoe . —John Richards , who has attained the remarkable age of 110 years , is now staying at the Bricklayers' Arms , New Quebec-street , London . His appearance is that of a hale old man of seventy . ! Naivete . —An advertiser of very cheap shoes recently blurted out the real truth in mistake , thus : — " X . B . Ladies wishing those i-heap shoes will do well to call soon . " . ' they will not lq . "t long . " Profitable PnosELVTisM .-i-The . Rev . Moses Maigolioth ( a converted Jew ) , late of Liverpool , has been appointed to the living of Glasnevin by the Lord IJishop of Kildare . '

      A Change Since . —The two hundredth anniversary of the birthday of William Penn , and the 160 th of his landing on the shores of the new world , was celebrated on the 25 th ult , at Philadelphia , with appropriate exercises . j Loko Byron ' s Statue . —It is reported that the statue of Lord Byron , by Thorwalsden , excluded from Westminster Abbey , is to beiput up in Kensal-green Cemetery . An inscription should recount the vicissitudes of the effigy . \ No Fog in Waleb . — A Welshman has almost as little idea of a fog as a Japanese or torrid-zone man has of ice . While London has been enveloped in * fog , we have had here a clear blue ) Bky , a bright sun , and altogether weather such as would convert the coldest utilitarian into a worshipper of nature , amidst the scenerv of South Wales . '

      The Value of a " LiFE . "f-The Earl of Eldon , it seems , has acted most liberally towards the biographer of his grandfather , having ( presented Mr . Horace Twiss not only with the copyright of all the Eldon papers , but with a cheque for £ 1 , 000 into the bargain . The AxiERirAN President j-r-Of Mr . Tyler , the retiring President , an American paper says , " A tale might be told of intrigue and treachery , of bargain and sale of office , of betrayed friendships , of violated trusts , of foul aspersions of name and character , of corruptions and abominations ^ as would make a jubilee in hell . . ] New Appointment . —Mr . G . W . Featherstonhaugh , of Scarborough , author of "} An Excursion through the Slave States of America , has received the appointment of British Consul fat the French sea-port of Havre-de-Grace . —Standard .

      Napoleon Bonaparte . —His fate furnishes a remarkable instance of the instability of human greatness , and there is no doubt that his dislike to medicine remotely caused hiB early dissolution ; for rather than take some simple remedy , he allowed disease to gain the ascendancy over his [ constitution , and death was the result . Thus it is that persons cannot be too watchful of their state of health , and being always provided with a safe and efficient medicine , such as " Frampton ' s Pill ef Health , '' enjoy the two greatest blessings of this world , health and long life .

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Dec. 7, 1844, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct516/page/3/