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    - EMIGRATION . OBSBBTTAHGITS CONNECTED WITH MB . PITKETHLT ^ TOUR . ( CoB&ttieafrQmcnr iastweelc ' sjnper . J jXSIECCTIOTJS XSB CAtJUOSS TO EHIGRA 5 XS . jauding-ttmseieepeiaare generally mixed up with ^ e itoxkBj md they « re ever od fbe alert to " taia-in ^ nages . They Mre tiie most expert liars , for tie gxpree ^ purposeof entrapping their jray . ! Ehlsftey jgert liy cnnmiig jma enticing allutemente ; snaihey ioo often mceeea in entanglirlg even the most -wary in i&eir meshes . Then the fleecing operation is comjBeneBo . The 3 oSgu > jfii 6 nse ieepar having Ihe emierani In Ms own Iwnse , has the rxsBi possible

    opportuuSy ol leconunenoing such and snch conveyances as iemg the l ) est and the cheapest ? and those are general such is -will j » t zaS for a day or iwoTsfter the time they ~ * fc ! te ,-2 o Oust they may ha-ye them at their houses si the double eharge , as mentioned in Mi . BewosUe ' s st ^ t *""*^^ - These fellows obtain oBB-c&if , and sometimes two-thirds y of the fare paid for conveyance to BurBlo , or any other place 5 and expectation thaMliey ¦ wffl ^ iet seek every chance , sn § that they and their myrmidons ¦ will not rob or deal when opportunity serves , esnorily bejostified in a lunatic . The following is a spfedmBB to ? the TrDlany of one of these tricksters : —

    Onae lOa * T August , Bdbert Anderson , - with Cbs * Esmshaw and T * ife , f who were passengers with me to Tgstbn ^ i . came to Hew TorkirmBl iras " there ; xn& wets induced to go to the Honse of frhTftrittTn 3 &HOC , or Knox and Sons , 1 : 6 J , ^ Front-street , irhoto act that one tan bnEy and set the master to-day and the other to-morrow ; and either of them be ' porter and . servant of all wort at pleasure ; so that if one makes the agreement , the other brings in the hill and when any objection is jaaaBiaiepTeaaV "i > J lie JaaajoHiing to So with it This "house u mine , and my terms are those in the bilL " "Well , those KnoiSs ehsigerl -my lellow passengers 25 ^ ents fer-meals not "worth six cents 1 and after having had . -whs * they considered necessary and -were about to depart , the Kn 6 x ' s tised ths utmost persuBtion to induce them to take an additional mtaL Persuasion * ;« H " g , they remonstrated 5 that also falling , tiey begun to threaten : iat it proTed to no purpose in this casa

    Kthagoras and TPhilrp Williams , two of thejansicxana JtomCroinpton trio T ^ CTe on board the STrautan sad charmed us Trito their music "when in the Irish thsanel armentioned'In the early part of my J 9 uroal , related to me the following facts on onr homeward passage : — "On landing from the Swsnton ire -were induced to go toXnoxV&onse ; andstajiBgcnly a few hoars -we lEft "without any angry feeling , and proceeded to Pittsburgh in aearcb of employment * vh > eh sot finding at that place , "we proceeded to Cincinnati , and as far as XammHB ; but flnfling so many out of employment and

    that there instna chance for us , ire retnmsd to New York , and Khox " b being the only house known to ua , ¦ We went thither . The terms ior boaxd and lodging , Trere S 33 d to be two dollsraper -week . "When ire had Engaged onr passage and were about to pay , one of the Knarttold ns that his terms -were three dollars per week ; and that for three days it -was the same as for the whole Treek . _ We remonstrated , but -were told that it must be paid , adding , Thais a Jatfi "—a term which became quite -fMnTtigT on hoard from its frequent repetition .

    Intending Emigrants -sill do -well to take » lesson from the orcnnis { aiic 8 of these mfia havirg' expended so much tame and money in an unsuccessful endeavour to obtain the opportatdty of parrting their bread by the ETreat ef their brow . ^ FsorgeBobinaoD , of Askham-Bryan , near York ,-who isdbesn over for the essob o > ject as the brothers ' yyiit ^^ inK , and-iad also been unsuccessful , returned by { beams ship . He had likewise staid a few days at £ he Knox ' 8 , * Ed -was charged the same as the others tei demanding -a bill , -with partaculars , he said they

    " iooksa&uc " He dedaied-the bed Botte be fit for a dog ; and for which he had to pay two ahfllings a ingA , and two shillings for each meaL The "fad * " is , he had to ^ ay Knox his extortionate demand , who , howerer , "was constrained to say that he might stay the -week out ; of ^ rMcii iie sad the yyT' ^ aTnf partlj xnSsd ibemselTes , iy jretaxzang from tbe ship and lading seTeral steals ; but a person of the name of Potter , from Catton , Glasgow , whohadJbeen imposed upon in like manner at the same plscb , dared not again Tenture upon tfee premises , lot some more of Knox ' s Btnbbom ~! ' / ac £ s * should xise ire against h ™ -

    It ought to be generally knows that there is a la * 7 in forte "which . inflicts a heavy penalty -upon tiie « vsex of any ahip -which enters uny port of ths United States with s greater number of passengers on board than tie said law prescribes . I am sot certain of the exact ammbsr ? bni it is ruled by bo many tons measurement © I fhft ship j _ bo that unless the Tessel is laden ¦ with light ^ oads there is generally a sufficiency of room for the conTenience of passengers . This , howerer , is not the case "with Teasels returning from the Atoptjcct ports ; there feeing so 1 st in Britain by which this matter is regulated . They cram . human beings together like bo many pigs , paying no regard to health , comfort , or decency j and irhen landed on the British . shores i&eze is no asylum prepared te receiTe the in"rslidsc they are left to shift for tcsmseTres as best

    they can . Not * o in the States ; foratthbTariousporta srs hospitals -for the reception of all -who may require medical aid , and -where Ihey are taken care of until they recoTer . Pox the purpose cf meeting the expenee thereby incurred , one dollar is demanded of eTery pasaenger , . of TrhateTer age at sex , before they are allowed to proceed from any of oar ports , the captain knowine thai it -will be demanded oliim on the opposite share of ths Atlantic The msney Teceived at 2 $ ew York alone for this purpose must be immense , as may be easily ascsrtained , Por instance , one ship with 300 passengers-at 4 s . Sd . ( passengers generally pay 4 s . 6 d . they sot having dollars ) "will funish the hospital "with up . 'Wards of £ 60 . From the , information I hare had , great malappropriation * nd * cormpti-n exists in the management " of f ^ n >«<» institutions , even in the >^ t >«^ of j > or » ry jsnd xepnblicsn principles . to on

    lt- » oaid t > e - weU for the Eun ^ Tants sleep board the -ressel in -erhich the j cross , until they can take their fcre for the Par West and have their baggage token from one Teasel to the other . This would tfi ^ ct a can ziderable xaTins . I bare before mentioned the impropriety and danger of persons lea-nag their satire land . If willing to labour , hut unable toxtbtaia employment , they ueTertheJesa passess an inherent Tight to a sufficiency of the secesBsnes of Efe ; asd he is a ctmnrmmate coward "who smployj afttereiyiegtl 3 Be » ta to * procnre alifing for ikimself and dependants in his father-land . Be who win tamely and silently submit to the inTasion and acnihilation of his most sacred rights at borne , is unworthy of a place in any country . Would that I could saaken my degraded countrymen id > a trae sense of their Snty , and arouse them to an united , legal , and constitutional effort to deliver tbeniEelves from the sallies

    oespo&m uhSei -which Qiey suffer 1 Then wonld a re- , generation be effected at home , and Emigration become ! amatter of choice , instead of , as it nowisj a thing I of compnlRon , let eTery one do their duty and : I 2 mam ^ home until tiiey are prepared to buy a plot ^ of land , and can depend more upon the cultivation cf j the Eon ( the proper basis of prosperity and comfort ? , 1 firan upon &e produce tf any traffic or feandicraft i Theiiiflnx of arfizins and labourers into the States ! and Canada from all the countries « f JJnrope is so J f HVTitiive as Is -overstock eray department of laboni . Every dry , port , and mannfactoiy hare takenadTantage « f ttie glut , and employed the strangers at half the j "Sagas paid So their old hands , -who are driven from f Ihsrhomes as " « re drive ssrzj foreign manufacturers , by \

    " what is falsely called the free trade system ; and thus , fiiey are compelled to seek another home , to starve , orj to accept such employment , on such terms , as the . employer may in his maty and charily be disposed to ; JITB , i "Often hare I heard the -working men of England and ] Scotland Utterly complain of thB inflni of thelriih , j and ibR consequent lowering of "wages j but 1 did not j anticipate that I should hear the curses loud and deep j of the Americans against Scotchmen and Englishmen ' lorTinnmg their- fcsda I « t the industrious classes for \ whom I write fcoi well to this mattez . By ^ oing unpre- j Pated , aiEynot only expose them MJlveatoaireetpriTataora -. but st the same time icSict much mfFering upon others , * nd « igendera spirit of Mimosity in theioeasts ^ of their

    own Brder , and enable the employers , by a redundancy of bands ihos created , torednce wages and to demand Ettessivelonf hours ef tea , where > y they can produce the same description of goods which we have been in the habit of ervatOxxg at xoloira j « ics as to&rrre us out « f themarifiL In fact , they have thi * retjr * pnc « r « e-Joatedlo Chinahslf as many goods as fireat Britain , Sod have ako sent a large -gnantity into IiiTerpool . ¦ I have l ) efore intimated Ihat 3 n principle I am op- f iwsdto EangraSion ? "bowever , I will now attempt to ; - * aew-what is Tiecessarj to be attended toby those -who ! are resolved to go Biderany drcomstancea ; sad more espdaay for the beEefitof tbennfortinate who Bre « om-PeDfidtogo . 1 intend to show the advantage of * oirg into the Par Westover settling in the Eastern Ssates .

    , ^ aieioixaiera cirision of WisODiiSCf , the northern ttn&an of liixsois , and a division of Micbjgas , are Sffl parts 2 ahoold recommend ss settlements , in pTefer-«» ce to any ^ her east of the Mississippi . In that JaStaae I consider the climate most congenial to the ilib * hisaats of tiie Brifisa iilts . In those districts ihere is pleity of the best land nnappropmted , to be 1 * 3 3 & fbe government prise ione-acd-a-qnarter dtllsr Per acre ); 3 ^ 3 uotrbereiii the ^ use laStndein theStates « S Infljaaa , Ohi o , PeuMylvsxda , vt " Sew Tork , « aa ^ Bfi of an inferior quality be obtainea f& ten-fold the Jfice . In file parts ief « red to , land can be obtained ** Sn 3 y covered wiOj ; or perfecQy free from timber , or Bait-wia iuj part -withnut "Water is plenfiful , dd and

    *»* a . coK » eyan 5 se tolf £% Yokk Kew OBXBAys ^ 3 ffiB £ 4 h £ maIL The same Temasis -will apply to the Northern part of the 2 Iiss ( HJB . l ^ enitory , and a great I ^ sQan of thsterritoy of IOVTa ., excepting ^ th regard to "Water convayance to Hsvr Yo ^ S- In proof of this Sa * saent I may menfioa , S » at there are nmre persons ^^> a&er ^ diBposiEg of ihsir land in the Eastern States , ? % ate to file territories aBnded to , than go there * p » a . Bjitaln , Ireland , or the "whole of Europe put i < ® Siei . Tb 3 sfact 5 b fiieljest eTidenceof theadTan-^ Seof ^ Hii ^ there . - _ , parara of these States , and tenitonea asonnd 5 ° * ***> Isadj and other minoals . The fcrfiSty ~ * he soil is greater than in tla Eastern States . 10 S » Boath the hat ia often too excessive for

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    3 ritonsj while in the Iforfb the winien are severe , long , and dreary . In the parts I recommend , the inhabitants generally enjoy ^> od health with ¦ watchful ness , "which is necessary for all to attend to who go to a strange country . Much water power may be had for flour , saw , and otter mills , and for propelling every kind of machinery . These territories prodnce the best wheat and in the largest quantity , of aaxotfterjof the States . Wheat is the staple produce ; and there are great facilities to ship it for New York and New Orleans , and , from some of the districts to Canada easier than to either ; and Canada la sow the best market . Tor these , and other reasons , 1 give a decided preference to the Far West '

    I found , daring my stay in the country , that many personshad been induced to ge in to Western Canadafrom the States , from ths fact . thit nnprec 6 dented encouragement had been given to several persons , someof whom i met ; they having obtained free grants of 100 acres of land each , on application to tha Colonial Government ; which Government had also given such encouragement in other respects , as to have caused considerable increase in trade . Taxes are lower there than in theStates . Prom these circumstances it is evident that the policy of the British Government is to conciliate the ! Canadians ; and they have induced Dr . Nelson , whom they , denounced and hunted aa a rebel , to return , as also Mons . Papineau , formerly Speaker of the House of Representatives , who had to fieefor his life . | I am Informed that he had net only received a free pardon , but had been paid the fall amount of his salary , as Speaker , during the whole of his absence , j from

    Me . Mackenzie ' s own icouth I "was informed that hB had been pressmgly . invited to return > although he was the head and chief leader of the rebels ; and was as repeatedly rejected by the Government , and as regularly returned , until , at length , they were compelled to admit he was the leading opposition member of the House ef Representatives . To seek to have those favourites returned to the country , and to make concessions , is & proof that onr rulers are resolved to retain their bold in that country as long as possible , ; but With all their anxiety to infuse loyalty into the breasts of the people , soil a strong hatred to Church and King-will ever exist , and the populace "will most assuredly * shake off their allegiance at the first favourable opportunity . Toe expenee of retaining possession of , and supporting the Colony is great , and is borne by British and Irish industry , which ia fast on the wane , and -will , ere long , be insufficient to support itself at home . Bat to return .

    Persons "who go out , not being members of the "Mutoal Aid Society , ** -with the intention of purchasing laud , ought , in the first place , to go to the land offices of the several districts , say MiX"WAXKET , Chicago , Maddisoh , Gaieha , or any other land office in-whatever district they intend to locate , and ascertain how the unappropriated land is situated , and also obtain -whatever general information may the requisite . Afterwards the land should be visited , to ascertain its qualities ; its proximity to water , x > r other conveyance for produce to a good market , or markets . Examine if sufficient timber be upon it £ or if too muck ; as , in the latter case , great labour and expenee-would be required to cut it down , ( or chop it , as the : phraBe is ) , and clear it off . I hare seen land that cost ten times its original price to clear off the timber ; and , after all , the stumps , about three feet in height , remained , and did not rot out for many years . This will show the advantage of purchasing upon oak openings , or prairia

    For myself , I teg to state that I soon saw that if I came to a determination to purchase , I ; on jht , al least , to be three months in the territory' before fixing myself ; so that I might obtain the most minute knowledge of every corner and circumstance , and profit by my own individual experience . This I mentioned to several persons , who uniformly approved of the ides . The Emigrant must not by any means purchase or pay for a angle acre of land , without first calling at ths district office , and there ascertain that the land is really the property of ths person professing to be the proprietor . Much imposition has been effected by sales of land % y persons out of -whose po « session it had passed ; and the unfortunate purchaser has , after settling and laying oat additional money , and imagining himself settled for life , been ejected from it , ua though he had never paid a farthing . This occurs Oftenest Wh . BB purchasing improved lands . '

    Six miles square constitutes a township . A section is one mile square , or 640 acres—an half section j 320—a quarter 160 acres , and an eighth , eighty acres ,- which is the smallest quantity which the Government will sell . In every case the sixteenth section is appropriated to the support of schools , whereby an -universal ejstem of education is established . f The title deeds which confer the right of property throughout the States are printed in a plain form , on parchment of the quarto size . The purchaser ' s ] name , the locality of the purchase , and the date being filled -np in "writing , and the document being subscribed by the President of the United States and the Agent of the General land Office , becomes a perfectly legal document , and is handed to the purchaser free of all expenee , and may be legally transferred by him to another person without the intervention of a lawyer , or any of the absurd and expensive mummery practised by oar mo jern Sol dm in £ cgland or Scotland . :

    As every possible advantage is taken of the knowledge the inhabitants obtain of the intentions of a stranger , it is justifiable to act the part of the "waterman , that is , to " look one way and row another "; or , as the Yankees say , to be " wide awaie . " : Ii-cb flat land or valleys are often found very unhealthy ; and situations borderi . g on marshes and stagnant poal 3 must be avoided . They engender disease , especially fsver and agues ; -which disorders are of a lingerie ;; nature , and though not considered very dangerous , yet they are un-welcome visitants . Uncleared lands have a tendency to aggravate the evil ; and , if proper caution be not observed , the disease sometimes proves fataL Upland grounds , dry , and exposed to free air , ought to be preferred .

    2 m . Sheriff , a -smter in Chamber s IiiforinatimjOT the People , states that ths valley of the Mississippi ( -which includes nearly the whole of the territories of which I &m speaking ; produces a good and sure crop of "wheat of from tfciriy to thirty-five bushels to the acre , of 60 lbs . and cf ten 66 lbs . to the bushel . My information , ' however , is , that from fifteen to twenty bushels is the average ; and the "weight considerably under that given by Mr . S-, -who farther states that he estimated ; some Indian corn on the banks of the Mississippi at twenty feet high . I saw none above seven and a half feet , and met -with no one who had seen so mueh as half Mr . ShenfPa estimate .

    Mr . Flint is first made to differ with Mr . S :, and "then 1 b made to say that he had met a settler whe had that year raised nine hundred bushels of Indian com , and that by his own individual exertions ; which statement is , from . the infermation I Tteeived in that country , an absolute impossibility . Nevertheless , Mr . Flint sdds that ha bad previously heard of a n ^ gro , settled on the prairies , near Viacennss , "who bad the £ 2 XDB year raised one thousand bushels ; an J which ia a Elill greater impossibility . We must , if it era be swallowed , believe that those gentlemen , the black and the ¦ white , kad neither man , woman , nor child ; horse , ox , nor ass , to aid tnem in ploughing , digging , harrowing , so-sring , hoeing , reaping , houseing , thrashing , and preparing it for the market ; which , givine twenty-four

    bushels to the acre , w nld be , for one human being to cultivate and crop , thirty-eight acres ; and this , if the land were in the highest possible state of cnltiV 3 iipn , a fans l ^ bcci -er in Britain -would ray -wss HO trifling matter . Tnis is what my American friends called Losg-l-o-w sweeping . " Bat incredible as these statements are , they did not suffice ; f& ? the -smter proceeds to inform his readers that tfc » » -il is well adapted for thB growth of European vegefcLbl ' -s : and he Emrma that cabbages gTow to the * ? z : of from thirteen to seventeen and a half feet in circumference , and that those of nine feet round in the head stb common !! It won 3 d certainly feare been much more « ai i-factory had Jlr . Fuat favoured the readers of «• Chambers - Jnfoi-mation " with the name and address cf tbe fceulsr who raised the nine hundred bushels of

    grain b ? his own individual exertions , and also the naine ted ressctence of the negro near "Fineennea jwho raised the one thousand bushtls by the tame means . It might be thought rude to deny the statement ; nevertheless , by a little personal intercourse "with the black and white gentlemen , ( for settlers are generally understood to be white . ) a most valuable lesson might have been lecmed It would have been do , less important bad the name of one grower of those thirteen , land Beventeen-and-a-balf-feet-circnmference cabbages been alEOgiven . The absence of such iDformalion causEd me to devote considerable time in making inquiries as to where thoze immense vegetables -were produced ; but , from personnl observation , I fonnd the cabbages grown in England are mncn superior to any in those parts ; over which I travel ed .

    The cabbage-statement is followed up by another , to hew , or induce the belief , that parsnips , carrota . and eets are reaiarkable for their s ? Z 3 and flavour ; acdpeas lost txcalJent and prolific . These " iongbow sweepogs" may not have been published -with a dishonest atention ; bnt 1 consider parties culpable in the highest . egree who circulate such unfounded statements among bo people , "who possess no meats of ascertaining the ruth . By such tales are they allured from their homes oa pictured Paradise J and , when too late , tbey ? find othing » nt a wilderness . '

    ChambersInformation goes on to state ihat peaches re in blossom on "the 1 st of April j asparafHs on the rf- and peas , beans , and onions axe sown and brought » perfection as thonjfb . litre were bat one day in the ear , and that the seasons were regulated on thatoLe ay in the same way as a watch . Sneh ob not the case . a thai country the winters are » ore iand lees severe , s wea ws lcasw and shorter in their duration ; although be Messrs . Chambers essay to gufl the public by tstiDir that on the lflib of April , nine days after , the ea : h % lt * BcmB , the spring has fairly set & and the nalries are green ; ail of wfcich art , set down as tie remoiandums of a naluralist . No doubt they are those f & natural fool ; for none other wosld clothe . ; the rees in blossom before thB spring set in , or affirm that amips sown on the 10 ih of September grow to a large is * bef era winter . This cannot in anywise apply to the forthem Stales . i

    I pass over the story a 2 ? onfc beef mnd hogs beiBg Mdrfl amucg neighbours , and returns made of j the ame kir-d , tnd also that of three-year old heifers rejgbii * ! S 3 . b 8 . being sold for 24 s . Sd ., and come to the allowins psstage : —

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    " Every farmer , besides bis own Iand , has . the range of the meadows around him both for his cattte , hogs , turkeys , and poultry , so that they are reared in immense numbers and at small expenee . " No doubt where the land is unappropriated , the cattle and poultry do range the f oicat , unrestricted ; but "when tiie land is taken up , enclosed and improved , they are on&sed to their own property , the same as iu England . When cattle , < ba are reared they are slow of sale , and are not unfreqaently exchanged for-srticlesof necessity . If ever the markets were good , even when Messrs . Chambers published these exaggerations , it by no means follows that they are so now . Again , it is said : — " Altogether the fertility of the country , and the abnndance of its natural productions , are snch that the inhabitants are afraid of not being believed l > y the ether Americans . " ;

    This portion of tfee . subject is closed with the following : — ; " Thesestatements ; * nay ( do ) appear overdrawn , but all the favourable impressions which had been made concerning this country , by the reports of former visitors , have been confirmed , ] in the most satisfactory manner , by Mr . Stuart , of Dunearn , who passed through the whole territory in 1832 , and conversed with the most intelligent of its inhabitants . His account agrees in everything with what we had previously heard of the great fertility and growing importance of the coanfaj . " r

    Those gentlemen father upon Mr . Stuart tbe whole of these extravaganzas , which are , I feel aorry to say , so far as 3 could obtain information , gross and criminal allurements ; and I beg to assure my fellow countrymen and countrywomen "who blindly follow the tempting bait that they will speedily feel the hook . What can justify statements so outrageous , while upon land equally rich and fertile , and in a climate equally aa congenial , the average crop is generally known to be under twenty bushels per acre ? The knowledge that hundreds have been induced to leave their father-land , in consegneDco of what Chambers ' and others have published in this over-colouredway , has induced ma to lay the reality before my readers , and leave them to take their own course ; that knowing the truth that they may have themselves alone to blame .

    Mr . Stuart having bet . n frequently quoted in Chambers * publication , it may be useful to give the following correspondence "which frill show what Ma evidence is worth : — " The following letter was addressed byjordcr of the Government , to Mr . Beal , Factory Inspector , of Dundee . < See debate upon Mi . FieVden ' s motion of enquiry in the House of Commons , July , 1810 ; and notice the villainy of the WWgs , tho pitiful subterfuge of Fax Msule , who wished the House to believe that the inspectors were only authorised to report the state of ike HarvestJ ;— " 345 , Strand , London , " 30 th July , 1839 .

    " Dear Sib—1 have to acquaint you for your information atom , that I am officially instructed to tcatch and take measures for obtaining information as to any proceedings in my district , relative to assemblages of working peojiie or Charlikst er circumstances calculated to disturb the pubEc peace . You -will , therefore , be so good as to make : weekly a covfideniial report upon THIS SUBJECT . iThe aewspapers from different parts ot your district-will generally point out to yon any places requiring particularly to be noticed , but take care at Dundee and elsewhere to act with sccresy ana prudence , so tfeat you may escape observation , and not be su $ - peeled of giving information . " I am , dear Sir , yours truiy . " James Stuart . *'

    It must by no means be inferred from any statement herein set forth that : I "wish it te be understood , that with industry and . proper management , there are not the means of living upon a plot of land . No ; on the contrary , I feel convinced that in no country ia tho world can greater means of comfort and independence be acquired . Yet let no new settler imagine that he can arrive at such a state witboat encountering many difficulties , and even hardships ; great toil , numerous disappointments , aad many unforseen inconvenienceseverything being new and every circumstance changed —new labour , new climate , and a new mode ef Jife . All must calculate upon great absence of comfort ; and none ought to go who have not previously made up their minds to enduro much . They must call philosophy to their aid—they mast Bet ap a bold

    frontmeet eTery obstacle with resolution , and overcome it with energy , looking forward in confidence to increasing comforts , and the attainment of independence . I have no means of directing the reader to say work on which reliance can be placed for acquiring authentic information , although I have carefully examined many works on the United States . "Cobbetfs Year ' s Basideoce , " and other Emigrant Guides , contain more or leas useful information ; but circumstances change with the times—new points of attraction spring up , and new lines by which to reach them . 1 have laboured to give the best possible information connected with the present time and dicumsta&eea , and the most accurate description of things as they » re ; ail of which I conjure the intending Emigrant carefully to ponder in his micd ere he leaves his native laud .

    My task ia now completed . If what I have said and done will be ot advantage to the poor , who are now the prey of the crafty and the designing , my labour will not hav& been in vain . The consciousness that I have been ef use will be my best reward . L . PlTKEl'ULY . Huddersfield , 1813 ;

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    without waiting to be behoIcUu to any governing or wajfcis called Bnperior ciasa ? Perfect love is always in v ^» ^? \ 'erinqaJre s > h ai et | lta Go vernment be f ««^ EWii \ W * Sr « orademocracy , well know-^ fSSfif * ' ^*** « w ¦ & }¦» ¦ ¦ ttingB . Intelligenoe , ttuderjtha control of love , always directs every-S 2 * - *!? . wfrwrtage of all . and easily commanda respect submission , and obedience from all without the use or any harah « r unpleasantimeans . Iriddstry , with the two former , more especiallyJn a large and extensive onion , * ill readily enpply not only all thlnas

    ro-2 ? % £ * < ° f'UIaec » ate wants of ' the parties located j DM irtbey ; tako advantage , as they may most readily do , of the mechanical and chemical discoveries of the age , me industry of such persona : &a would thus obbojdatainay won give them the power of extending the benefits they , would themselves erijoy throughout' all people . Economy , on a tiuo basts , joined with ' the preceding qualities would bo simplify tho wants and fciablts of the people associatccT , thali they would wonder bow theycoold have previously subjected themselves to such an immense amount of care and anxiety for the supply e f numberless wants , ! which , when dispensed with , t they will find their beings In a far superior andpgher state of existence , land that they have jsya and pleasures of which they had before no conception .

    -I-We we apt to complain of our governors , rulers , ana outers in authority , as though they were the cause of all the difficulties under which we labour ; wbereaa when man stall have arrived at bis «* ae dignity ot being , individually or collectively , he ^ wlll always find in himself the po ^ er of overcoming every difficulty that Bunounds him . Regal powerV the Government , the Church , and all other authority , will be looked upon with relation to the service it renders to the cause of human progress ; and , whilst preserved , will be supported [ and assisted In every manner possible for the performance of Ita duties ; bui ; awe or dread , fe&i or trembling ! will be unknown to man . He will know

    bis own internal power and dignity ; and thia knowledge will , through the love that will be manifested forth in every one , not only for the human race , but for everything that has life , become speedily so ^ general that there will be an inconceivable power exerted by each , that will eoon extend itself universally . Let us then cultivate these qualities in every manner possible , that they mayspeedily ^ ope rate to the subjection of all evil things , and to the establishment ; of everything that is good . Let none f ^ ox the commencement of such' a task , nor the difficulties with Which he may be individually surrounded . If he shall be found prepared to perform his duty aa a universal being the opportunity jwill not loBg be wanting . Your Paper of last week contained an account of a visit to this place by Mr . Q . J . Holyoake ; and perhaps as I have now been here for some weeks , it may be servicable toj the general progress if I give your readers my impressions respecting it . .

    My visiting here , on leaving Harmony , was the consequence of tin engagement to tho Pater that I would take the earliest opportunity of doing so ; but I had no intention of remaining more than a day or two , as I had heard bo many accounts of the miserable state in which they lived , and of their strange mystical doctrines , that makinglkllowance for much exaggeration , I thought a day or two would quite suffice . I found , however , so warm and ; cordial a reception , and so much genuine sympathy for the great object of my existence , that on leaving for London to perform some engagements I had entered into , I resolved on returning at the earliest moment . This resolution was soon confirmed by the agitation , a ' nxiety , and misery , which I found eves among the most fortunate of tde parties I had to mix with in London ; for the calm , peaceful retreat of this place bore to me a strange contrast with the turmoil that is besetting all the competitora for what the world calls wealth or fame .

    I hove since spent the greater portion of my time here , alternating it with two or three days each week in London , as my business demands . There is , of course , much , very much to amend , as the parties have every tiling [ to learn with regard to associated life ; but there is ] much here which if extensively copied would soon' go far . towards introducing the measure I sow Advocate . The parties observe a total abstinence from animal food , fermented or distilled liquors , -tobacco , tea , coffee , and almost so from sugar , a little having been used once or twice only since I have been here with frulfc pies . They I abstain also from butter , cheese , milk , « ggs , honey | or Any other product of the inferior animals , this last arrangement bein « considered necessary on the ] principle of man ' s doing justice to the other varied Creations of tiie earth .

    The diet thus aknplifled conaiats-ef oatmeal porridge , bread made [ from wheat without separating any portion of the ; braa from it , boiled rice , potatoes , aad other vegetables and fruits , the produce of their garden . It [ is thus very inexpensive , and prevents them from being affected by any of the taxation which is now so liberally bestowed on everything it can reach : the people might soon , by this rneaas alone , put a atop to the present Irrational mods of conducting human affaire . i Their highest employment le the cultivation of what they term the " love spirit , " which they affirm exista in every hnir oaS being ; and which , if properly developed ,

    gild permitted ita full manifestation , will unite all in ote common bond of union , and impel alt continually to act for the universal good . Those who visit the establishment , who desire tho happiness of their fellow men , whatever may be their opinion of the fitness of each a position for themselves individually , will not fail ] earnestly to hope that the spirit which has actuated ' the Pater of the first Concordium to commence such a wovk , and which sustains him in the continuance of it under what would appear to most persons insurmountable difficulties , may persuade many thousands , who have far more extensive means for doing good , provided their beings could be animated by the desire , to "jgo and do likewise . "

    Such a course of proceeding" may be adopted by any and every division or class of the people that can be stimulated to ; desire it . They m » y easily locate theuioelves on sufficient land to provide all they require ; and by being in the neighbourhood of large towns , they may easily procure employment ; and this too not in the present servile manner in which they are now obliged to solicit it , bat by delegating the best qualified person among their body to attend to this division of their piocsertiDgs , and thus obtain all the results without the interposition j of another party ; whilst their children may always be practically educated , and may , at an early age , be made contribute more to the general stock than they withdraw from it

    Any parties , however , Who shall think of introducing this mode of obtaining free-trade in all things with all the world , must take care that they admit no individual to take part in their proceedings until he shall have manifested that he ia actuated by the desire to promote the universal good , or as they would Bay here , ia filled--with , the lovu spiriti Unless thiB prerequisite be * obtained there will be no unity ; and Without unity there can be no eucccesfut result * . I am , Sir , your obedient Servant , ' William Galpin . Concordium , Ham Common , Surrey . July 24 . 1843 .

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    THE NATIONAL BENEFIT SOCIETY FAVOURABLE FBATVRES AND CIRCUMSTANCES ATTENDANT OH QX 1 R ADVANCED POSITION . TO THE CHARTIST PUBLIC . Brother Chartists—Having in the short space of Ive years , concentrated bundmia of thousands of the trae Radicals , { under the fearful name of "Chartists "; having congregated the majority of our fellow-slaves under our fair ( banner of rinht , truth and justice ; havia ? petitioned &nd demanded , by millions of signatures , the establishment of OUR Slagna Charla ; having waded through a mighty tide of persecution , and weathered the boisterous gale of faction ; bavine borne the heat and toils

    6 f a Ion ? and dire campaign , and come forth victorious from the Gild , though with great loss of men and munitions , standing- to our cause and colours , though our cbiefa fell Into tbehanda uf our powerful and weal * by enemy ; having ? by those many and mighty evidenced displayed our great moral power and worth , and our yet dormant " physical strenytb , " we are become a party capable of carrying forward the most extensive plans for the amelioration of the manifold grievances of our order —the order | 0 F iNDUSTitv ; and . ire the only party equal to it 1 Tie wokk is tiikrefore OUKS ; a » d tcemusldo it !

    Tub fact , that we have been , an 4 still are , associated in vast numbers throughout the country . In one body , uador one title , ; flaring the same objects in view , the same desires and interests . —and those the elevation of the toiling class from degradation , misery , poverty , and the continual 'dread of ¦ wretchedpesa and starvation , to a life of happy healthful labour and competency , peace and joy ; these facts prove that we are in a position to put into operation the most extensive machinery necessary jto remove us from put of pur present grievous situation . " 'Out of evil cunujth good . "

    The very ilisof which we speak have produced , and are producing , [ favourable featured aud circumstances for the necessary machinery a » u operations to human redemption . Hundreds of the uii < : dle class , who have , through the faulty medium of their " darkened glass 1 ' of casfc . aao party \ looted upon us with prejudice , fear , and distrust ; can , now ttiaVine wolf is at their door , look upon U 3 as ! it were with other eyea , and fancy we are not the Chartists ot yeaterdsy whom they perSe-« uted ! Nay they even now applaud ua I

    Brothers , lit not us Hpbrjtd thtnvfor tbe " change that hath comefo'er the fipinc of their dream , '' but rather turn the ! cbango to <> ur account Let us tafee advantage of their acd our altered circumstances . Numbers of tbeismatl sbopkeppers have been broken up and beggared -, numbers nioro will as surely be broken up ; numbers will have to sell off their stock in order to gave stsmeihing i from the general Wreck , and will Emigrate with their f « = w pouiuis , but to '" waa . se it , la tha hops of fin ( iin «{ i » better tfdti fo ? tiio . tXbrcise of their ingenuity ; numbers of muali formers will share the satue fate , or be sold np for rents and rates ; thousands more of tbe t ? Qikin ^ china will be thrown out of empsoy by irnproved nu « hioe * y , and be added to the thousands v / ho are now cast over the country , to ltngfr out a weary txteteisca hy heggiog , or fill the muuder lixSTiLie , acd Incrtase the rates fur the purchase of

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    poison and coffins ; until hut two classes , widely distinct from each other , exist—the wealthy laad and factory lords , and their toreGAed nominal serfs . True , it hath n « fc quite come to this yet . There is yet strength left iu U 3 wherewith to redeem our lost position . We can yet , by Jour unitsd exertions , lead our starving countrymen from this vale of tearg and despair , to scenes of smites and hope . If we start such a society aa I have urged upon you , these broken Shopkeepers , tradesmen , and farmers , would surely gladly invest their few pounds in it , instead of casting their substance on tbe wide ] Atlantic , and thus by their united pounds , and industry , create happy homes for themselves , and enrich by ] their surplus productions

    tho whale association . Tbe breaking up of the Old syBtem will- be the making of tbe new j Who that hath studied it ] in all its ramifications , but will say that it is fast breaking up ? The great yttem ef trade—the extensive system of manufacture that hath grown np so rapidly since the war , enriching the few and ruining the many , bnust of necessity > w ' n and destroy iiself ! Know ye not that the walls , and ramparts , and castles , and keeps , and machinery of the manufacturers , is only wealth so long as it is in constant use ? That partial use wjon'fc pay the holder ; that , without " trade" or " business , '' great manufacturing establishments are so much jdead and useless and ngly matter : as Witness Acramans and Co . ' s concern at

    Bristol , Harfords and Co . ' b concern at the same piaee , ana also la Monmouthshire , with many others . That the thing may be patched up ajbit longer , is certain ; but no patch can make it endure . The artificial ByBtem is subject to so many derangements , that it must be ever iu danger of stagnation , aud consequent ultimate annihilation ; but Nature and her broad fields will continue forever ! Let hs hasten then to return unto her ! Once having made a sure footing ] on the Land , we are safe . ' Prosperity is then before us ; By the weekly contributions of those of our member a who are in employ , and the proata of oar colonies , | we shall be able to procure all we need . Machinery , aa tbe rotten system of credit explodes , will be at our aiminand , at our own price . The laws will respect us . jjustice , none of the "powers that he" will dare to refuse us . Our rights , political and social , will be within onr grasp . We shall , in such

    a society , be "lords of creation , " great and greater than the tinselled nobles of ( he Crown ' B creation ; for we shall be truly Nature ' s uobl es . Tho society I have proposed is the sure and easy stepping stone to alt these great advantages and this happy end ; and I call upon you , brothers , as you love and respect yourselves aad families , to instruct your delegates to the National Conference about to be called , to frame the rules for such ' a society . It will be Been , by reference to my last letter , that I

    have not made any deduction for the incidental expencss of carrying on the society }; and therefore I will here explain that point The regular subscriptions of members under tha graduated [ scale , 1 would appropriate exclusively to the purposes for which it was subscribed -. namely , tbe purchase oflaa ' d or other raw material , and hold it to be n sacred fund ] especially set apart for the permanent benefit of the subscribers ; but for the general expencea of the society , e ' uch as education , agitation , pay of officers , delegates , books , stationary , &c . I propose to establish a general fund , to be collected by classing the members aa follows , to suit their varied

    Circumstances : — 1 lat . Subscribers at id . and upwards , per week . 2 nd . Ditto Ad . per week . 3 rd . Ditto | . i . jor Id , per month . 4 th . Voluntary subscribers . A general fund , I think , [ may t » safely tried on this scale ; aa all the members would have a self-interest in subscribing as much or more than they could well afford to help on their Benefit Society . Of this I feel assured , that such a plan of varying-subscriptiona mast be adopted in the Chartist body , on account of the poverty of tile people and their , varied ciroamstancos . Remember the parable ef the widow ' s mite , and despise not farthings . I

    A permanent Defence Fcpnd has been recommended by Peargus O'Connor , the Editor « £ the Star , Veritas , and many others , j If sash a fund foa deemed necessary , by all means [ let us have it ; bat of all things , let ua have a Natiokal Benefst Society , with its sacred , 1 or LAND AND LABOUR FUND , and its Gkuebal F * mi > . j If , my beloved fellows , { aether argument be needed for the necessity for the establishment at such a society , vith such funds ; and it eloquent appeals are needed to rouse your dormant energies to the work , I would refer you to th& letter of J . Leach , of Hyde , in the-Star of July tiie 8 til ; to those of Isaac Hoyle , aart James WillianiB , in last Saturday ' s Star , cencerning themselves and feUow prisoners . There , hear human nature and human feelings speaking in nature ' s language itself ; and let ua answer as becomes men !—» v words and deeds )!

    Brothers , —Prepare a shelter for yourselves against hastening calamities , which , even now , cost their shadows before . ' When the next Master ' s strike occurs , be provided with « a asylum for tho turnouts and let the Maater-claaa fight the battle of Blight aud power themselves , and fall into the pit they dig for Othetfl ! I Your Brother , 1 Qbacchus .

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    TO THE CHARTIST PUBLIC . Brother CHAftTiSTS ,- | -Whilst I write I am sitting in decidedly thu most prejudiced , bigoted , and priest * ridden city of the empire ^ surrounded on all-sides by political knaves , and hypocritical pretenders to religion aad philontbropby ; political quack- * , and long-faced Pharisees—" rogues in grain " , and cross-grained soarler . 3 , who will neither do good themselves or permit others to enjoy their opinion ; Tjories who might claim the palm for their peculiar attachment to present institutions ; and Wbiga , who are not ; a whit behind their fellows in bellowing , whenjthey etiunot have a share of the "loaves and fishes" stolen from the poor man ' a table . Amidst this heterogeneous mass of sinners , sainta , and quacks , here I sit , turning over in my mind what I shall write about ^ or which of the parties deserve tbe first place in [ the ranfes of the peopled enemies . I I assure you , my friends , ] I find it a perfect puzze to decideand for that will uutiiue win

    ; reason take rather a general ; ana ror ww reason taKO ratner a general view of the entire ; and as this " ancient ana loyal city of Bristol" has during the past week been the theatre of unusual proceedings , and has gained some noteriety , I will , with yonr- permission , just give you a brief outline of the occurr 4 ncs 9 which baA 8 happened , commencing with Monday ! the 17 th instant . But before deing so , I will precise that although I have been au actor in the first piece , I donot insert it through any motive save that of ahewjing you the real character of the company who performed upon that occasion .

    I must inform you , then , ( that the Irish Rapealers invited William John O'Connell to otir up the agitation in Bristol . Well , he came ; aad a dinner was provided at the sign of the Castle and Ball . I had been , aa also my friend Mr . Clarke ( a sterling Charttet ) , under promise to take two tickets ; but when the auspicious day arrived , a gentleman connected with the demonstration said I could not have them ; and he believed my principles were the objection . He , however , suggested that I might come after dinner . This I did not quite relish ; but having jo return by the Castle and Ball after our Society ' s meeting , I could not , although it was then ten o ' clock , resist the temptation " to pop my head in . " and have al peep at tho " Inspector-Geueral of all England , " who closed the Lodge ayainsti Mr . 0 Connor in London ; and here 1 will beg you to ; remember nearly all tbe persons present were well known to me , and with many of whom I was on terms of intimacy . I

    Before entering the toora I sent up a note to a friend , asking if it would te improper to go in at tbat late hour ? This note fell into the hands of the Vics-Chairman , who was a son oFjmy friend ; and be wrote on its back the words— "Come to vie ; I cant s ! ir . " This I did , after paying aj shilling at the door far admission . At this time a Mr . Johnstone , a member uf the Complete Suffrage Association , was speaking ; and amongst other subjects touched upon the rejection o ' the Chartists by Repealers : lie defended their " honesty ot intention" in coming forward in aid ot Irelaud , and contended they were unfairly dealt with . Tins evidently caused dissatisfaction amongst tbe officials , which was not abated by myj" solo" of ¦ Hear , hear . " Mr . Johnstone then went a j little further , and asked

    " What suffrage was to accompany Repeal ? " And I must do that gentleman the justice to state , tkat although he knew such a question would expose him to a castigation , be boldly stood upan principle . After Mr . Johnstons came an Englishman , and he , poor fellow , chancing to say that " bis countrymen would assist Ireland . " waaj met with the remark , I doubt it ! " The next was the Inspector-General himself ! who plainly ] told Mr . Johnatone " he must keep his peculiar notionstof Chartism to himself ;" aud although ha ( Mr . O'C ) would not speak harshly of the Chartists , ho wonld , jo hkp him God ! get Repeal without the aid of physical ] force or the Chartists ! Everyman , like himself , connected with Repeal , had at the bottom much tbe same principles as Mr . Johnstone , but for certain reason $ 4 kept them behind the bock . During this time a paper correspondence was going on from the vice-chair to the thair , and yen will presently see tot what purpose .

    I forgot to mention , that my friend to whom I sent the note , came to me shortly { after I entered the room , and said , " If you attempt to say a word here to-night , I will be the first to have youjturned out" ! My reply was , I will not hurt Repeal " Mr . O'Connell having finished" bis tirade , I rose to reply ; but , aa if by magic , the Chairman was ' up to his eyes"in business , and Sir . O'C . "believed it was the rule , while business was transacting , speaking should cease . " "Of course you will hear me when you have leisure , " I replied . " Yes , " [ from tha Chairman . I saw the " dodge , " and watched my time . Another note from the Vice-Chair , and I was on my feet ; aye , and £ 0 was every person present j I walked up beside the Chairman and Mr . O'Connell , and then a scene occurred which taffies description . I woe alone as a Chartist The Irish were about sixtyt all middle class men . They crowded around the Chair , and hemmed « me iu . Some stood upon the seats to have a " peep" at tha Chartist .

    My Friends , I wiH spare you a recital of the straggle fir leave to speak , even as a [ private individual with tho assembled despota . Suffiee it to say , that OConnsil , in the name of the Liberator , asked if the rules ef the Corn Exchange , excluding kaown CbartUts , should be kept ikviplate ? to which he

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    raceived an affirmative from all but Johnstone—he , with truO 8 pirit held up his solitary bond against it , fo which be received a Wow upon the arm from one who ia more talkative than wise , tod who accumpanied his sinking reproof with the words , "Bo you know what you are doing Johnstone ? ' " Yes , " was the reply , " but you do not" O'Conneil threatened me , and shook his doubled fist in my face I and asked 'Are you a Chartiafc , air ? answer we yee or no—are you a Charfciat ? . " This was vociferously re-echoed by his now frantic dupes . . I could no . fur the life cf nid stpiy , there was so much obstruction , noise and confusion . O'Connel

    kept shaking his fist , and the meeting hollowing , tmtu at length , aronsedby indignation , I summoned and felt as if it were a superhuman strength ; and con « scioub of my integrity , I made myself heard to sav , " If that bell pull was a gallo / vs , Yea" ! Quick as thought O'Connell put a motion that I should no 5 be heard—the hands vrere already up in approval , when I taught him that a Chartist knew better how to act in meetings than he did . " You cannot , "'! said , " put that sir ' . It is the chairman ^ privilege , and you cannot , must not do it" Ho then put it through th 9 chair ; and when carried I met socb music !

    Fancy , my English friends , that I stocd as described , and had to listen to the most attfu ! groaning , yelling , &nd hissing from my countrymen , and for what ? FOR BEING A CHARTIST I ! And for doing what O'Connell would not do—sacrificing my individual interests and doing the little I can , without hope and without wish for reward"Tura him out , "came next " Who dares ? " I said . ( A voice ) " He paid kis money . " One said , "He can stay . " " No , " I said , " not with such as yea , who fawn and crouch like slaves and retard your country ' s interests . "

    I left , my friends , insulted by even the very waitersone of whom I was near kicking down stairs ; but I did not go until I made the " representative of the Liberator" feuow I did not consider him a gentleman or s Christian , nor . until I told the tyrant to remember the saying , " Every dog has his day . And when O'Connor cornea here next week , I will make your coward consciences tremble for this treatment " Before this , by the courtesy of the editor , reaches the public eye , I shall have done so ; I shall have told the men of Bristol , how William John O ' Connell treated me for attempting to defend their principles , and they will have raised a cheer for the Charter which will drown the yells of faction , and shake the citadel of corruption to its centre in Bristol . Mr . Johnstone has since informed me that he received by an intentional accident , a blow of an elbow in the mouth , whilst clinging near my aide in the melee .

    This , my friends , ia only a mere shadow of what passed , and even this is sufficient to shew you that tka Charter is your first great object ; and that without it , we shall not be ever able to silence the ton ., ueof slander or stop the progress of oy ;> ression . Therefore away with trifling ! let us to woti . and no surrender , until it becames the law . When that dey arrives wo will not have Princes riding in state uader triumphal srsb . es as In Bristol on Wednesday ; nor your money squandered upon foreign paupers whilst you are literally starving cool

    The working men of Bristol save the Prloee a reception . The ladies are diasatifified by his want of courtesy ; and all shades of Reformers evince symptoms of distaste for royal holidaying ; Nevtr was there an exhibition so little relished ; aad even the Prince seemed to feel that the people were thinking about such things . He waa very pale , aa . in the corner of hia carriage , and very seldom condescended to raise his hat from his brow even to the ladies . There are many thousands , I nrastsay , of those who will caver forgive him for wbat they conceive to be an iB 3 ult .

    " I cannot intrude on the valuable space of tbe star , by communicating upon sacb . out jacts ; but wi ' jt jast a < i < i , if we had the Charter the people woul ^ , naYe something else to do than waste their tiru ^ t 0 swell such harlequin displays . The next item in tiie week ' s business is the delivery of a lecture in tbe Public Room ., by the Rev . G . Solly . This lecture was got up by tha -Complete Suffrage party ; and from my own knowledge I can apeak of its result , by informing you that at one permy admission to the body of the hall the entire sura realizsd amounted to 8 s . Sd . I So mech for « « Complete Sufftage" in Bristol .

    This is the outline of a week in bigotted Bristol ; the next will be a glorious one . The prince of the people , whom tyranny cannot conquer or persecution dismay ; whose doctrines are truth and whose principles are justice , will be here ; and then all the saints , the sinners and the quacks will be taught that there is bat ONE sovereign remedy far present political evila ; and that that remedy is contained in the just and immutable principles of the People ' s Chatter . I have the honour to be , brother Chartists , Your very obedient and faithful servant , July 23 rd , 184 * . W . H . Clifton .

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    PARADISE WITHIN THE REACH OF ALL J 1 EN , WITHOUT LABOUR , BY POWERS - OF NATURE AND MACHINERY .

    Letter II . TO THE EDITOR OP THE NORTHERN STAR . Dear Sir . —Every reflecting mind must percHv © that tho three inventions enumerated in my last , — Gunpowder , tho Mariner's Compas ? , and the Art op . Printing , have changed the face of society completely ; and that the deeds of an Alexander , a Cesar , a Tamerlan , and the lives of those millions whom they have slaughtered , are insignificant , ia regard to their influence upm mankind , if compared with the deeds of tho inventors of Gunpowder , th © Mariners Compass , and the Art of Printing .

    The human mind , having once broken through the darkness of tho middle ages , with the aid of these three inventions , marched on rapidl y in the way of improvement . ' Invention followed invention ; but , with the exception of the discovery , or rather appreciation of steam POWvEH , and within a later time , the investigation of electro MAGMETIS 3 I , the inventions were merely improvements in tools , which enabled a smaller number of oxen to produce more and superior articles of wealth than a larger number could forraerly accomplish . This endeavour msrely to improve tools , misled men from tha real fount of invention , power ; power to drive the machines ; powor to handle the tools ; power to do the work . Etzleii opens a new way to inventors ; or rather

    brings them back to the best way which they can proceed- He , combining an inventive genius jrith . the acquirements of a philosopher and matnematician , has surveyed the powers of nature ; and clearly shown , in his simple and admirable book , " The Paradise within the reach of all men , " that there is more power at all times at our command , than ia required to do ten thousand times more than all men on earth could effect iu the samo time with their nerves and sinews ! He has shown that there ia sufficient power to produce in plenty all the necessaries of life , and to change our Globe to a mo 3 t delightful Paradise . After he had spent twenty years of his life in observing and calculating , ho came before his fellow men , and thus announces bis discoveries and the resuls of his labours : —

    "Look here , ye philosophers ; ye speculators ; ye who seek the philosopher ' s stono ; ye who undergo all hardships and dangers , and traverse tho ocean from one extremity to the other in search of money ; look here , —a new , easy , straight , aad short road to tho summit of your wishes is shown !—Ye , who are tired of life's toil and vexations , drop your tool , pause a litilo , and look here at the means for a new life of free labour , full of enjoyment and pleasures ; collect your thoughts , and reflect with , tho greatest solicitude that you are capable of , upon the moans and ways presented to you for the greatest human happiness imaginable , for yourselves , for the objects of your endearments , and for your posterity for ever . "

    It , is hardly possible to invite in stronger language the attontion of men , or to appeal more to their feelings and desires than Etzler did in tbe first paragraph of his preface ; bin many , who could not comprehend such promises , treated the matter as a mere fancy . -This he senmed to have foreseen ; for ha at first said : —* ' here is no idle fancy j no vain fcyatem presented to amuse you merely ; no scheme for deceiving you or for cheating you of your money ; but substantial means for your greatest happiness are dii-plajed before your eyes , inafair , opeis , andhonesfc Way : no sacrifice , no trust , no risk , ia a 3 ked of you ; nothing but the trouble to examine . If the author be in error—why , you will then discover it ; bat if he is right , then no endeavonrg , even of the greatest ; pra * . cr , will be able to disprove the exhibited trnths . " Ia mo third paragraph he-showed that ho was not only an inven tar but also a philosopher and philanthropist .

    Wny gives the author his invaluable discoveries to the publ . c , which , if true , h 9 might selj for millions of dollars ! -Or is h ? . so simple , &s not u > know how to avail numelf of his discoveries fo ? hU ba 3 t proS V iqeseare questions you probably will ask . I will answer them directly . I 6 is because I want to 8 * 11 these my productions at the highest price I can get tor them jast a » you do with yours in the market . Now , mero millions o £ dollars aro too low a piice for my dtscovenea . I want to sell them at a much higher rate ; at tho rato of seeing all mv fellow-men , and myself witn them together , in the " enjoyment of tfle greatest , happiness that human life is capable of j because I see there is no danger in it , tho ivarld oeing large enough and having maaas enough , for aitording t&e greatest happiness that can bo thought < M , noi ; onlyformj 3 eif . andafew frionds , but for all men on earth- "

    It was not his m « h to monopolize machinery or to use his discoveries merely for his owa advantage . tlia aim was , and is to this present day , to besiefifc his fellow-men , and to live with them in a stata of peace and happioess . Etzler tried for several yoara to interest governments in his inventions , that they might beooav at onco the property of w-hole nations : but , hs spans his time and labours in vain . He mat every whero with an indifference from those who are at tha heid of state aSUirs : Another proof that tho Govaraments of all countries aro , at least , sen years behind their respective people-I am , Sir , Your obedient ?? rvan !; , .- ' C . F . Stoluieteb , No . 3 , Northampton Terrace , City-road , London , July 24 : h , 18-13 . ( To be continued , )

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    HOME COLONIZATION . LETTER XX . TO THE EDITOR OF THE HORTHERN STAR . Stjr—The next point of the preliminary Charter to -trbicb I bave to csli the attention of your readers , is— " Fres trade in & 1 I things with all the world . " We have heard a great deal of tiie abolition of the Com LawSj cf the abolition of the Sugar Duties , and of the abolition of msny other imposts ; but with the adoption of the previous measures that I have laid before you , none of which will be opposed after the people shall have once shewn themselves to be united , free trade in all things with all the world may be much easier obtained than any of these isolated and partial measures .

    The fact is , that the ; present system is become so complicated , so intricate , and eo inadequate to the growing wants of the conntry , ; that every day shewn tfee utter impossibility of its being mncb longer continued ; and each attempt to meddle with it , shews the folly of any partial measure of redress The question of supply and demand , is one that has puzzled the br&ins of a great number of persona calling themselves political economists ; some of whom have argued for protective , duties , others for bounties on exportation ; some toi restrictions on growth , others for prohibitions from importation ; whilst none have taken the plain simple course ef demanding that whatever is produced in any portion of the globe thall be freely exchanged fer tbe produce of any other portion . ¦ This 3 lone however ia the true basis of free trade , and & 3 soon as the people are a little more enlightened on the subject , this is the course they will adopt .

    What but tbe extreme ignorance of man with regard to his own nature and interest , could have raised up tbe various impediments which now exist to his enjoying tbose things which all admit may be mast liberally supplied if a ready ; means of exchange could be found ? There is no event but what has boen taken advantage of for the purpose of preventing his enjoyment , not only of tho comforts and luxuries of life , as tney are called , bnt even ef everything necessary for his bare existence . This pressure upon industry must and will continue to a greater or less degree , according te the strength , union , and intelligence' ^ the various sections and parties which divide all society , until man shall be truly a-wakened to tha idea : of bis being a portion of one greac universal whole ;'; and that his feelingB , hia convittions , his sensational fact his happiness or misery , depend npon the general amount of either that is produced .

    We may , however , rejoice at the prospect before us , of an adoption of a far superior state of tbinss , which may readily be perfected by the union of the people ; a . na which , must soon be fcfitcted , throngh ths necessity that ia daily pressing npon ua for a great cSange . The events of the last few years must chew to every rpfl ^ cting mind , that m proportion as the intelligence of the masses has been swakend on any particular subject , in sn fxacfcly corresponding ratio have they been enabled to procure re&reas ; and it i » very evident that

    at present they are' beginning to have a somewhat clear conception of what is for their benefit , which conception cannot fail to be enlarged daily . 21 is nofe 07 province to interfere with details ; nor would J * ver make so trifling an object as tha repeal of the Com Laws a matter of agitatisn for the masses ; bnt I think , as a rule , the principle of free trade should be supported wherever it exhibits itself ; for there will never be eny cause to fear that such a principle , when it lias been fairly carried by public opinion , can afterwards ^ counteracted or become injurious .

    If the steady growing inteUigfe-cce of t& . e main boiy of the people tsan'be supported and extended , and of tois there can be no doubt ; they will soon be led to discern the means whereby they could immediately , and without injury to any existing interests , terminate the present insane divisions which exists and by adopting an universal basis , give to every individual member of society , all things necessary for his " well-being At the present moment nothing but the went of love for each other * nd such an idea of the universal as

    would make all seek the common-happiness , prevents the great body of the { intelligent of all classes from immediately charging ( the aspect of affairs . Let them simplify their wants ty a total abstinence from everything that is taxed ; let them unite for the interchange of the produce tf their lab&nr , and if they can so far agree , for its production ; and , in proportion to the txperienoa thty obtain , they will litewise procure the knowledge aad power further toprogiess in tbiBailimportant w < Kk . What is ibere that could nat soon be effected by the union of » love , intelligence , industry , and economy ,

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    THE NORTHERN gTA R- _ JT _

• Citation
  • Northern Star (1837-1852), July 29, 1843, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct492/page/7/