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Northern Star (1837-1852), 29th April 1843, Edition 2 of 5, Page 3

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  • Departments (2)
    • 3^oexvg.
    • THE SOTSKSHENT FACTOBY BILL.
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      Untitled Article

      Tb epxt to db . bowring's pkee trade PtOUBISHES . «? O £ ES BT SIMSEX-P -AT IHB 2 > BXTBr-ULKE ijas ] OW 3 > mry , and is tby name ijfi thy deserved "wid&-spresa fame 2 o Ik blasted by snea trickster ' s game , In name of Truth ? And aball Ihj Master , Shakspeare ' a page , Bj invoked to serve an iron age ind iron matters , < m thystage , T ^ bo blight onr yonlli ? Sbsll feey ** b ° Sbakspeare ' B brethren kind To feed the fireaad rack the mind , 2 ? 01 tre « t item e ? enas human kind , Bat mere machines ?

      gnU tfceyessay to * peaS of-wron * , ^ dupe **>¦ - sa « BS » tracing Onrn ? , To tbinS they'll Btand 'tween -weak and strong , " Tct take Qie means . yrk&& 8 &e P * ^ oJ old > Unta within the -wide-spread fold ryt aeath iheir thousand * laves are ToTTd Inladtof Mre ? - Y ^ l do they dare on iheBB to call To h « lp them all the -world t' en&r&ll , I * jBToiTe in cruel competition all Till a-rsrice Bre . 2 bey piate of Freedom I which is still To obey a tyrant msstert irin , . jjiabjoTB to 3 tbe ! i « ofiers fill , And bow the neck .

      Trom Infancy onr children ton 3 a & «"»« , health and mind to spoil , crhsre viee and crime our efforts foil To hold in check . jor ajesreieysBkTis ! SnaD -srs league ? Tfol ra&er & ° le * Teu any plague Ba tEstate operates vrefa crave lian snch as ihiB jjoni 2 j 6 « Ectsiaion" lords tt « tnm , ljke-tlieir call and caRixg spurn ; * y » liberty < w * - ***—» ' fcani—We-win be free .

      Untitled Article

      jfoO *^^ bis Fleet Papers" of the current " j ^ v ' jas riven his opinion on the tfll of Sir James e 3 tsa cm Faeiorj Xabcmr and Education , We jresre * great aumber of oar readers will read vita interest the remarks of their old friend , and wstherefore make no apology for inserting the enure JeSUr . Be Jhns addresses ibe Minister : — Jo me B'&t Son , Sir Jama Grabsm Sari . Ifj 3 -, Tier Xaxstf * Prixajal Sscrtiary of Slate for t&e Some

      Beparasad . Bra , —Many lie fha inquiries -which ate ma&e of me , fesa » n parts oT ike laeiory distticts , iJJ masters and jbsb , "D > yon approve of the BB 1 for regulating the BBpbjmenS ol children and jouag persons in Eactoriea , ¦ wiidi Sir James Graham introdnced on the 7 th nit . to tb » Hoase of CommoBS V I have resolved , da _ i * fetter , to answer all those Inquiries . I call your jncst serious attention to my remarks on ftat delicate and important snbject , because I am veil svare that there is no person in a condition to give joa jitter inforotaSon Or more sound ad Tice . It is a question -srMeb is pecoliaxly my own—to it I Ists deroted more time and labour than any other man . ItaTeiDTestigaied it inaH its bearings—lha ? epiirsned Ji Uioashail its famifica . tkms .

      Isin InSmafcely scgnaintsd -wiik erer ? dass of perjKaioviach 5 t refers—I Idoov all tiie interests -which Simteces . I may add , too , -withont fear ef successful tasHorasos , that I enjoy the epnndesce of ihat large sadiugixteres&fisclsssoi' my ftdlov snbjecU , ¦ arhom Sbjot ej » edaUj afect *— " tbB children sad young perwaeaiplJ ^ ed in factones , " as "arsS as of ihe beOer porfeacfibar employers . "Wbtii&i it is -tie-wed in & religions , moral , jfcjsal , sodsl , political , or commerdal bearing , X jsre closely isT £ sdfat « d and deeply ptmderal on its tfei 1 tm , indent , no ntfrice cca the Paetory Question . I Jam Bteq many years in the heart of Ibe factory disiritb-ThaTe tsien a most actire part in that interestiEjsoiaSQa , Trhidl has at length issued in your Pacto TB ^ BecaaSon BOL to

      : l ^ dnnBgtbeyeari I 1 » tb beea . doomed a jpxabo , indeed , separated me from mere aetrre cxerfeiaia tiai canse , bet has not interrupted my commn-¦ Ea&sa-rMi the employer * and the employed . Ko Ji ^ Mbeen taten by them srithent wy knpvledge . ^ tsz ^ ncest aad retirement haT 8 afiWrded me tb © JstgjKfftaidiy of eataly TBTiewing every part of that nai . iuSawtmg and intricate qnestion ;—they bare ea&d joe to da k > entirely diTested ^ of that nniaBsst asd enthoHasm irhlch participation in the x&reisases of agitation necessarily inspires . IS I vssk&ssd £ B £ ? getic in the field , 2 hare been calm iad « sieBj > ls . trfBin my cell .

      IlsTemid eaocgh to claim your atientJou to my obwnatna « j a sntgBet vith whidi dreamstanees haTe MT-ecaaifceied yosr name—a question -srbich can msbsffiootcd -wiilsont bringing mine to the national vsSe&sm . 2 lj ms ^ er to an -srho asi my opinion—and , as I bmtoJayou , they aT = manT—is , I odir&y disapprwc tf&e SBi vbi& jot Jaw introduced . If it bereaDy Jw <* j « s to settle the qnestion , yon hive Tr ™^*^ fi »* ij—if jpnr intaaiaon be to render it rtOl more ^^ i rofe Tesaaous , and iatiicate than It cab ever iKWl ) c « n , ; y 0 ft haye racceeded . And why f

      «?** fi ' to the T £ ry objectionable points in Lord Aawp ! factory Begnlafion Act—the tiro sets , gangs , ttrdip of xhflgren , and the -rocatioitB a » d nueonstite ^ t as wUss expensi" » e system of inspection—Jaim now introduced those fearful pw ^ n ^ of na . ) fefidiicord , "theSe-sr PoorLi-w" and "the Com-*«!»< £ Conccfl on Eiucation , " by connecting -with am-the administratioo of the Paetories Begnlation , | ^ ? oa been -wen-Mormed iria respect to the ^? t ! at paTradesthe minds of the people of Engrf ^ P *! jaW hsTe been sure that the introduction ¦ pJWfeesh SEd irrdeTaot snrgecta of contention int « Be&iSwy qjsestion TPonld' infallibly prore fatal to its I ' - ? !* ' ! ** & proper settlement

      HouonaeHi that yon cannot carry UthronchPixlia-« &-& «¦* it jj doit proved that yon are omnipotent ; « atb& toimtry , yen ought to haire known that the ^ rlficli yon laTe introdoced will be lh » indtful ^ w <* ttoeaang strife , asd of eSU greater per-^ TOsttaBpt to estabraih the ? few PoorXaw more «^ J ? B £ aia of tbe 5 acton £ a a-gnlaSon Aqf—7 onr «^ of remoTOj , by the snne mtasa , the edneation L ™ J ^ entity from the Chnrcb , { if yon are per-^^ MmiijeTredgeyon wai soon driTB itlome , ) gl ^ E ? it in the hands of " the Committee of r ^ Um Eancaiion ,- * win , e-rentuaOy , raise np » n ^«* m iron , the Cbnrch azd the pecple , So which , OaBpSriBTO , tiie HWSATlt mnrrmrTiTun nf thsTCnanlimi

      W < n > ^ " - , _ * ^^ ^^ ^^*^ — * " Q * * *^* I > i' _ i > ffliT .- ir »*> A *( i ^^^? " fc 3 Tdrwde moremenfc—adding to , *¦*«« . K- © nnnshing , the c » eltie » or the lictory ^^ Tca iate ioTFQ ^ the age at which children Jaa' - f ™* 1 i 1540 «» e "mills frem nine to cipii ^ -f . } 7 thsredn < ± icn of their term of labonr from g- ^ ra : and 3 half ionrs per day , yon hare ; g £ S the aetoal factory Jabcnr for all abeftf *^ Tars from twelYe working oonrs to thirteen ^^ x ^^ Jiaamch an impolitic and d&lnsiTe ^* aParnsment—yon * ill find , howeTer , thatthe JV 7 Ba never be satisfied -with It Ss ^ iE : a ! d t <' « rf 6 fcrcetotca fntnre ajdtaUon of * m * 2 5 oeEti 0 I 1 JTon will psss yonr Bin ; if yon r-uaaaovs that jrrifciiian frr . m tJ !» >« vJ-p -nnliHr .. trm

      ^^^• it . and allow Lord AsMey to settlB the ^ ft ^ h ^ ^ ^ y reiS 0 B vb y ' fte factory Saiuj *? « * 3 oirea to rfnmberj is , because the £ aJ ! *** ae > y- * M » n ^ ere resolred tha t Lord ^*» 1 ^ e ^ aiDBld hare a fair trial That trial has j ^ T -o prca-itij proved , say , admitted , to be a ^ w * ** " 'sai be tie coming strife , when ** £ ^ a ^^ 7 °° i 3 Te now thrown into fe tb&te , vT dai ^ i 35 tlicate qceationsball be added tlD&jtJ ^ ha-re , for id many years , distnrbed the & &iti ^ districts . _• * a ? s to Kcsive aJ-rice . Abandon Tonr measnre

      *^*^ l ° ^ ' " Rbo < < Ja 1 il 53 tfcesSon at least , pos-^** «' tf & ks&'BledSe—to osfc -a-ho e > jojs ths con-^^ aSut tl tC 3 latr J » 22 d wLo-onght to po&Beas that * » a ! E&r ^ v- ~ 3 et Lc ! rd AsMey be the statesman who ^ ¦> 5 W ^ t , 9 nes ; iDI 1 » EOIElldlla » OT ™ - DatWs , ^ teymT ^ xst * "ljaTe occason to repent ** " * ft « S- 818 fi ^ m 018 ^ abarrasBing the 3 ^ egisla-^ i ' -titnT " - ^ nesiion > ^ is my dnty to aiseneum-^ end th ** ' Px&tzftte * ¦ "iueh baTe already be' ^ ST SMT . ff ? maD ^ Perfons who are only ^ ia ~ Jl ~* P 5 S 0 M'wbo hsTe not iieard of » Sad-^ bSt *?? 1 ^« tory Bill "—ot the enQmriMftic ^^^^ *? Jnade in ita SBPPort-aod of the HfiM : v * , V $ * a& - oppoeMon which was Tilsed * 8 and

      ff ^^ y « tet » th& ^ friends . ^ H 2 ? fc « » btfUwed . by many ^ iwit iMaaererUie-^^^** Sm -was simply intended to roard all ^ S , ^^» J » w TrfeuTsctorj nijh * work-to » i »^|^« mder -jfS »' jam of af « feoa fsctorj ^ hii ^ i ^ Person ? between nineand « i | bteca * % fc « UBan » Mng wodrtd ^ Bare ttuunaar Iwirj * ?*» »^«^^ : toiie * * mwUng , TJiri two hoar * iox ^ ato ^* f * twa « l «> ara . Id fact , « was a ^ * W ^ LV ^ ss BoarB Bbl j—iv « nghfe tofcaTe ^^ J ^ t «^ reaay was a TWEETS Hours BilL ^ ^ PPwirfV ^ v * fiemand »« * * &on « ly » it tvt * a ty jj ^ s ^ igjjce ^ eier ^ jBien , magis ^¦ " ^ S-S , ^* iBtea ^™ t o -alter fti * to

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      trates , msdicxl men , mill » o- ? fners , factory workers , and tbe most respectable poruon of society , it so happened tbat a \ few -yery wealthy cm \ -very oppressive millowners had toluenes enonj ? h with the Whig" Government to defeat Sadler ' s ie ?« oai , \) le snd bene'voient intentions ; and sftir Tiaving had no fewer than foor Parliamentary Seporte on tfce subject , after innumerable public meetings and petitions in faveur of Sadler ' s bill , the Whig Ministers were persuaded liat still more information -was required ; aad after having obtained all this mass of evidence , a Royal Commission was actually issued , In order tbat the Commissioners might traverse the country , " Bee with their own eyes / and hear with their own ears , " and then report to the Government the result-of their inquiries and otwervatiosa .

      what nader-haad , -unfair , and powerful ipfluenea waa used to pervert their Report , it is not for we to explain —suffice it to say , one of tbeir body , Mr . Smart , publlshed the astounding fact , ^ Qiat the printed B-po-. t of those Commissioners was no more like the Report of those men who were appointed to investigate the caw , than-would be the Report of any twelve men whom we might meat bj chance any day in St . PauTs Churchyard . Be this as it may , tbat false Report was adopted ; and under its recommendation the present Factories ' Regulation Act waa introduced , on behalf of the Whig Governmtsnt , by Lord Alttiorp , &ud passed by the Legislature .

      That measure -was opposed by Jit . Sadler out of the House , { who , tinder the Reform Bill , lost his sojjb . i and by . Lord Ashley in the House—his Lordship having kindly nBdertaken t ^ become the Parliamentary guardian of Sadlert Ten Hours Bill , when its originator had unhappily been rejected by two Reform Bill constitusneies . Although . Sadler was supported by the fat fery ^ wople with an enthusiasm which is almost without precedent , ( I remember that a petition was signed by npwards of 40 . m from Manchester , imploring tbe voters of leeds to return their friend , ) still it was all in Tain—tyranny , falsehood , and deceit prevailed over jostles and troth—Sadler was rejected . Leeds is now reaping the bitter fruits of that day's work .

      But-although Lord Althorp ' s Bill was opposed by Mr . Sadler , lord Ashley , and all the friends of the faetory children , it was eapported by " the bit of a Parliament of mOl-ownera who assembled in Palace Yard , * ( as Mr . Stnart , « arof the Commissioners , calls them ); asd that gentleman informed the public why it -was tbns supported , yin because " thay fthe millowners } knew that it was impracticable i " WhenJJonJAlttiorp ' s Bill came into operation , the opponent * of Mr . Sadler ( who haS snpportfcd Lord Althorp In Parliament ) endeavoured , by every means , to increase toe difficulties and , Ytatttions which the factory workers were expesed to by its operation . " If complaints were made to them , they were accustomed to say to their work-people , " &o to Sadler and OasUer , it is they who have caused yon all this trouble , vexation . , and lossj they saio . thet were your friends , go and ask them to relieve you no - *

      Tbe operatives were not to be thus deluded—they well knew that the Ten Hours Bill of Sadler contained no vexations clauses ; that it was simple ana efficient in its operation , containing a clause fer the imprisonment of those mill-owners who offended the third time against Its enactments , instead of that swarm of spies which Sadler ' s opponents bad introduced in their Factory Bii , " nnder the title of Inspectors—a race ef men "whesa existence can . never be tolerated under a free Constitution . The-rery men who , with the aid of the Whig Government , had succeeded in forcing Lord Althorp ' s Act , against the united efforts of Mr . Sadler , Lord Ashley , sad their innumerable friends , now became -toe moat bitter opponents of Althorp ' s Act , and , failing to excite' tlie operatives against Sadler and his friends , made several attempts in Parliament to get rid of the Factory Act , as they expressed it , bit by bit "

      In every effort they have hitherto failed—the opera-Bvbs having resolved to give Althorp ' s Act a felt trial , and , if possible , obtain Sadler ' s bilL Whenever their opponents have mooted the question in Parliament , their friend Lord Ashley has been ready with Sadler's Ten Hours Bill . Tims the matter stosd in Parliament and the Country , -until you introduced yoia b « l on tbe 7 th nit . Since then , yoa know what a storm yon nave raised , bat yon do not know the hurricane tbat is brewing .

      I have thought it due to ttie friends sf Sadler ' s Ten Bonn Bill tq state these facts , because I know tfaat there are thousands of persons who believe that Sadler ' s bill waa pissed , the truth being , that he was defeated ; and Lord Ashley has never yet been able to carry that simple , wise , and efficient measure . It ' ean never be too * tronj > ly impressed upon thepublic mind , that Mr . Sadlert Bili recogcisid no infraction on th 3 Constf ration , by the expensive establishment of espionage-under inspectors , superintendents , he . Mr . Sadler ' s Bill did not encumber ths factory question with the subject of Education—Mr . Sadler ' s Bill did not reeegnizatie empJoymentof tw » gaxtgt of children ; it was a simple proposal to forbid factory night work for those under twenty-one years ot age—It forbad more than ten hours work per day for those between nine and eighteen years—excluding , of course , all under nine years from being worked in factories . This was all that Sadler proposed—be encumbered the question with no other snfejeet

      For proposing that measure , ar . dfor no other crinte , the talented , benevolent , and high-minded Sadler -waa driven from Parliament—be was persecuted with a virulence unequalled—he was charged with the blackest crimes , nay , even with meditating assassination—he was bunted from his native land , driven into exile , nntil , in Ireland , ieart-broken , he dledj and that country , on which his work has immortalized Mb name , found Mm a grave . It gives me the highest satisfaction when I remember that in that cause , with thai man , I was counted worthy ot persecution .

      Believing , as I do , tbat the factory question will never be sstilactoiily settled whilst the syBtem o ! " relays" Is eontinned , I am anxious to rescue my friend Sadler ^ memory from the suspicion of hia havinr ever acquiesced in tbat impolitic system . No man opposed it more steadily than Sadler—it was obtained in direct contradiction to his wishes . In his letter to the Commissioners , on that subject , be said : — " Relays \—the yery term is disgnsflng ; the comparison between the management of human creatures and that of cattle is , ' u Hame says , ' shocking ! ' But even in any sucb comparison , the physical condition of the infantile labourer , under the ' relay' system , would sink infinitely below that of the brute . * *

      "The quesSonis , ¦ R'hetber the system , as now pursued , is irrjurions to fee grvirtb , destrnc&re to the health , and fatal to the life itself , of mnlritudea of human -ricthns , in die beginning of their days ; and not whether Mr . This , or Mi . T-hat , may ^ et £ 20 000 per annum , or only two-thirds or baif of that sum , by those infant' gangs' which the legh , \ ature of England , to its eternal disgrace , has too l « ng trusted to his ' tender mercies . * . * * * * * " But attenpfc snch a measure , and , without professing the gift ef prophecy , I venture to prognosticate that a stroggte will commence which OT « y friend of humanity and his country will have to deprecate . " That measure * has besn * attempted *—tb . ^' struggle * bas commenced . ' The distress of the man . * u * cturing population , which has iwned in the l&te outbreaks , is a warning to be remembered—an ot JI to be ' deprecated . '

      If you will have two sets of factory workers nn"ier thirteen years of age , you must always have a doDb , * number of those who are above that age , being a surplus of one-half more than can eves be employed . The YurpYns must always press upon the wages of the moiety who ai * employed , and thus they must depress the wages to the very lowest point . The unemployed will necessarily be forced upon society as paupers , beggara , or thieves . With the system of ' relayB , 'this will be the result , which , as sure as effect follows cause , uaVare nerBell prescribes . It is in vain that yon attempt , by « Education , to prevent a necessity imposed by the laws of nature . If yon will train np double the number of persons to any business whicb number cannot , by any possibility , be employed , you thus siecessar&y disorganiss society .

      I have no hesitation in pronouncing my opinion tost very much of the . distress and consequent discontent of fhe Rjaonfactoring operatives has its cause hi Lord Althorp ' a syBtem of " relays "—nay , the Prime Minister himself asserted the same thing , when be said , that tha immigration of labour from the agricultural districts into those districts which are the seats of manufacture was one cause of the distress ; for every body knows teat it was the children from the agricultural districts , not tie adults , who were required by the mannfactnrera . The children were wanted to make np the two sets or relays in the factories .

      Under any circumstances , the training np to a given employment twice the mnaber of persons who can possibly find work in that branch of labour , must , ofneces sily , create disorder and distress ; but , nnder the operation ef the New Poor Law , wMch removed the only prop npon which labour could lean in the fierce charge made by capital upon its value , tbat disorder and distress must be accelerated and increased . Do I misrepresent the tendency of the NewPoor Law » Am I mistaken in 3 * v sad and sickening effects on the value of labour , and on the condition of the industdoos portions ot acdety ? Bead , then , its character and its effect ! from yonr most influential and able

      supporter!— " The New Poor Law places labour akxJvtely at the mercy of capitalists . Tbe poor most , work , starve , at suffer a penal imprisonment , under the provisions of ftai law ; but the eapitalisf finds that be employs them to most advantage by '« BowiBg intervals of idleness , during which they * Urve , o » * ot in workhouses . By this be re »> " « mostJioney * tb * t Is , accumulates capital mort rapidly , ^ enable , ton to prolong the intervals of Idleness , andTpen * tlBl » rlMnnie » ts in time to come . **—TM Standard , April 7 fli , IS 43 . -

      Mark , then , how the system of-relays , or two sets of jnvenUe workers , jnnsfcinerease tbe much abused power -at the capitalists , " when aided by the nipemumerary army ^ of adult operatives , being tie surplus created of th * relay system , all or -whom are waiting for employment ata » ypiiCBT * aisrtiaBi * BbmU » toBtarveortoa penal Jmprisonnient' Axaiat—

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      " The New Poor Law bas > in fact , placed in the hands of 15601111 a perfectly despotic power over the latiour of the people—an authority which th < rich hav ^ abused , ami will continue t » " » buss , untir the evil shall reach theuigt-i-yes , as indeed it is alr « a < iy reaching some of them , The distress of the last four years may , we firmly heiUve , be traced to Jbbe Nb-w Poor . Ljw in a fsr greater degree than to any other cause . The reason i * simplesndobvious :--THAT lAW DEPHIVES THE POOR OP THE POINT OF RES 1 ST& . NCB WHICH , Bt BKABUKG THE LABjUKEK TO MAKE TERMS , IMPOSED A BrSTKAiKT DPOfl EMPLOYERS , and checked anione them that spirit of gambling , and thai fury of cokPETiTios , which have all but involved the country in ruin .

      " It is not merely tbat by the new law capitalists ar « enabled to bring machinery into unequal and fatal rivaUhip with human labour . THB lAW -WHICH PLACES A REDUNDANT BOD * OF 1 AB 0 XJBEHS ABSOLUTELY at the command of employers , ENABLES THE 1 ATTER TO HAKE WBAT TEKMS THEY PLEASE WITH THOSE UPOM WHOSE TOIL THEY GKOW HICH , ''—2 * Ae Standard , April 10 , 1843 . Will you add power to 'the despotic power of wealth' ? Will you remove to a fctill greater

      distance the poor man ' s ' point of resistance' against that ' abused authority' ? Will you mightily anjfinent that * redandsBt body of labourers , ' to enable the capitalists wita more ease 'to make what terms they please' ? Yes , 8 ir , you will do all this if you persist in passing any factory bill with * 'two Bete" of infantile labourers . Then let Its title be , "An Aet to perpetuate and increase distress ; " for it is clear , that any Act of Parliament which incorporates the system of two sets of infant factory labourers , can oDly be a law to augment tbe manufacturing embarrassment .

      If yon will not be warned by Sadler—if tbe assertisn of tbe Prime Minister himself must be disregardtd , you may go on legislating for evil , nntil national cilamity shall over-ride all our institutions . In tbat duy , remember yon have been solemnly warned by your victim . I think I have now answered every inquirer . None can any longer be asking , " What does the ' King ' tbh = k about Sir James Graham ' s Factory Bill ? ' There was a time when Sadler ' s Ten Hours' Bill Would have satisfied tbe necessity of the case . He demonstrated that TEN . hours per day . was the longest time tbat persons nndpr lw « nty-one years of age could

      work in factories without certain injury . He was always of opinion that that period was mnch too long , and regretted that the prejudices of his opponents forbad any hope of obtaining a milder measure . Subsequent experience and observations by tbe Factory Commissioners have established that eight hours a day was the utmost limit that children under thirtten years could safely be tmployed . Still more recent evidence has convinced you , tbat six and a half boura is the maximum period of labour that ought to be awarded to children in factories . Be it bo—1 am ths last person to oY $ ect to your discovery , and to tbe necessary mitigation of the Bufferings of tbe factory workers .

      Tha result , tLen , of every investigation on this most important subject , oh your own showing , is this : — where machinery is worked by children , six and a half hours a day 1 b tbe longest limit that nature has awarded ; and , since it is demonstrated that two sets of children cannot be employed -without deranging society , by tbe production of a double supply of the older factory •« hands , " ( one-half of whom nnist always remain unemployed , ) you will , if yea regard natural causes and effects , arrange your machinery so as entirely to exclude children , or , he content to adopt your own discovery , and make six and a half hours a day the maximum uf lactory labour .

      All this comes of the resistance to Sadler ' s plain , simple , and efficient Ten Hours Bill . The diffiiutties June seen created by the enemies ot Sadler—it is for them now to prove tbat they have been deceived , or at once submit U the natural consequences of 'their own disooveries one thing being certain , thatk in tha long run , two sets of children will inevitably npset the social system . Do job ask me what would be the result of an Act for . six hours and a half for all ages ? I answer , — higher wages and better profits , because a sure and constant demand would be the result . I shall only add my solemn entreaty that you will seriously reflect on this most important question , and more especially on the " relay" point . I have much to say on your Education scheme . I will not connect it with the factory question , because it has just as little reference to thai Bill as it has to tbe Bill for tbe new lying machine .

      If yen persist in placing the edneation of the people In tbe hands of " the Committee ; of Privy Council 'thereby making the Clergy tbe mere puppets of that Committee—yoa will lay a mine under the Church , which , - * hea it is blasted , will involveevery institution , front the Throne downwards , in irremedable rain . If , on the other hand , y » u force your children to receive and to Jtay for an education in which they or their , parents have no choice , yon commit a flagrant injustice . - ¦ At the earliest convenient season you shall have my opinion on that subject ; Mesr-wiiiJe , Jet me urge you to aspirate it from the Factory Bill , else you will create tneb an agitation as yon are little aware of . The Dissenters have given the war-cry ; but depend npon it , Caatchmen are not dumb . This new-born dissenting s ^ al for the factory children has made me smile- I will tell you why when I can find space .

      I have now only room for a very , yery curious dscnment . I shall sot say much about it . It is in itself very elsquent . A gentleman wished to see a union workhouse . He applied to Mr . Eiwin Cbadwick for an introduction . He received tbe following note ; but , although bo was ft foreigner , he knew the difference : between " desire " and " need . " He fancied that he might " desire to know that which the servant of the Commissioners might think it not " needful" to communicate ; so baing indisposed to bo humbugged , he declined the visit . How the note came into my bands , I shall not at present inform you- ¦ This is a true cepj ;—" Poor Law Commission Office .

      " SIR , —Mr . being desirous of seeing ad Eag . 'lah workhouse , conducted nnder tbe regulations made by virtue of the Poor Law Amendment Act , the Commissioners desire that you will Bhow him over the Windsor Union Workhoose , and give him BUCh infonnntion as as be may [ desire ] need . " I am , Sir , " Your obedient servant , "E . CHAD-WICK . Secretary .-" To the Master of the Windsor Workhouse . " The word " dartre" had been flmt written—it was

      crossed ont , and the word "need ' was inserted In its stead . This proves that suppression and concealment are a part of the Commissioners' system . If a father were thus to solicit hia son , " I am In need—in need—I ' fit-sire' your aid }* ' and if the son were to retort , — " You begat me—you could not help H i owe you nothing—there is no ' need' that I should respond to yonr desire ;"" tbe fijfiVrenee between " desire" and need , " wouldbe painfully manifest Does Mr .-Eflwln Chadwick understand me ? I am yonr Victim , RICHARD OASTLER .

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      A Letter from Tripoli , of tbe 4 th instant , states that tbe district of Gebol , being in fall insurrection , the Pacha has sent ont an expedition , with ten pieces t > f cannon , and a mortar , to reduce it to subjection . Thebb has been a great increase of insolvency amongst the farming classes throughout Ireland daring the last twelve months . In counties win re t » \ e average number of caseB bad been twenty , they are now eighSy . In previous years the number of ease . ^ for hearing in the Courts of Ulster and GonnansLH amounted to about two hundred ; this year were nearly 800 cases .

      A Pig XO 11 shooting match took place at TiJbury , on Monda " * l&st > waen , after the Bport was over , the company , ai 3 ° Dgst whom were a number of countrymen retired * ° an inn * ° dinner , when a dispute arose between fl » coontrymen and soldiers ; tbe conseguenoe ivas > & regular baUle nuM . The soldiers , haTing r » ^« t ^ e w orst of it , sent to the barracks for a reim ' owenient , makinR their number about eighty . Bloou * hed was the wder-of them * ht , and it was with great ' djfficnlty thai vhe" fight was put an end to , the aolditT * nsmg iheir bayonets without mercy . It was i however , ascertained that eleven soldiers were in the hospit ^» ana about tweniyjunder punishment of drill .

      SDSPiCTED MUBDEB AT M ^ PLESBOBOUGH . —CoBsiderable excitement is at tbiB time ( Thursday ) prevailing in this town , near Sto skton-upnn Tees , in consequence of a belief , which ?\ generally entertained , that a foul murder has -Ven perpetrated , which i 3 now involved in mysteTy . I * appears that early on Tuesday morning Mr . WhorUOn , a grocer , residing in Stockton-street , observed , as he was carrying the shutters of his shop into a > adjoining passage , thai the-walls and floor ^ ere spri n'k ^ d with blood , and on a closer examination he foun" ^ P ^ ces of hnman hair clotted with blood . This . V * I "" '

      excited his surprise , and afterwards aroused 5 aspicioa in his mind , and he Bent for the police-oh-Vers Ord and Eiliottj who immediately requested A& ? attendance of tbe medical gentlemen in the towiA * Their opinion was , that from the great quantity oi blood which had been shed , the person most have received considerable-violence . Two women , and a man , who liye in a hosseneax—a common brothelhave been taken into custody , bat nothing has been elicited from ' them to explain the ftppearatioe of the blood and hair above referred to : bnt they are kept

      separate , and they preraricate and contr » diet each other so * much as to give colour to the suspicions which are entertained . One of the women was also observed to Trash some blood vfi the 'door-step at . a Tery early hont in the morning , and to withdraw hastily into the house as boob as any one came within sght . It appears ftat a person -who intended to emigrate in a ship called -theXavina is missing ; and the vessel sailed on Wednesday , leaving behind some property belonging to him , Tbe riyer and other places have been examined , but the'body has not been foand . The most diligent inquiries are making on , the subject , but np to the present time withoat success .

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      Several Fabmebs of the North and East Ritlines of Yorkshire are turning their attention to the cultivation of fla , x , snd some experienced m < n ( wetl grounded in tho growing of tti-x . ) trotn Belahim are engaged ( or that purpose . —Durham Advertiser . On Saturday morning , the 22 id ins * ., » draught , cons : siia ^ of 187 men btjlonfiiug to tho Hon . Eas t India Company ' s Infantry , maicfied from Brompton barracks to Gravesend , where they embarked from the Custom-hoHSe qnay on board tho Bhip Alexander for Hombay . ExixBMON of James Fobd . —We understand that Mr . Justice Maul ©' , before he left Chester on Wednesday morning , fixed the execution of this unhappy yowl * man , for the murciet of Samuel Saaw , ior Saturday , the 29 th instant , ( this day . )

      It is ourrently reported ia the law circles that Lord Abmger will retire from the Bench at the end of the present T ^ m , and will be succeeded by tho Attorney-G « neral , and that Fitzroy Kelly , Esq ., will be the new Solicitor- GaneraL He ought vo have retired long since . By the ancient laws of Hungary , a man convicted of bigamy was condemned to live with both wives in the same house ; tho crime was in consrquenoe extremely rare . Singular Occurhence . —A brace of partridges havinti beon started bv a la < 5 y who was walking in the fields a few days since , uoar the High B > othin « windaiill , one of the birds , in risingj flaw , against the sails of the mill , which were at the time ia motion , and instantly fell lifeless to the ground . —Essex paper .

      On Tuesday morning , a convict from the county of Meath , named Keliett , was found to have committed suicide in hi * cell . He took the strtw out of Jus bed , twisted it into a rope , and hanged himself . A book was found in which bo had wtitten a few lines , asking forgiveness of God for the rash aot . Kdliett was under senteuce of transportation . CON 8 TANTINOPLB , MiiRCH 29 . —Upwards of 30 , 000 men , partly regular tfdops and partly militia , are concentrated at Bagdad , with sixty pieces of artillery . At Erzernm there &re likewise about 30 , 000 men , with forty pieces of the best Turkish artiUery . The Pasha of Bagdad has received orders to resume immediately , on the frontiers of Persia , the military positions occupied b y the Turkish troops before the officious interference . of England and Russia .

      Camatoun Beep , —Mr , Js . Straker iof ?? « wca ? tle , astonished the butchers and brokers of the Quayside not a little on Wednesday last . He opened a cisk of Canadian beef in ? their presence , and ^ exhibited as fine an article as codIH be produced here , and which bad : only cost him 37 s . 6 d . per 2001 b ., or 2 | d . per pound ! The proof of the pudding la in ttie eating ; we have tasted the beef , and found it to be prime . —Gakshead Observer . Spring — " The Spring has always been remarked as a period when disease , if it be lurking in the

      system ia sure to shew itBelf . The coldness of winter renders torpid the acrimonious fluids of the body , and in this state of inactivity , their evil to the system is not perceived , but at the Spring these are : aroused , and if not checked , mix up and circulate with the blood , and thus t ^ e whole system is contaminated . Parr ' s Life Pills , taken three every night for two or three weeks , will rid tfi" body of all that isnpxious , and praduce health and comfort . Persons troubled with scorbutic affuctiona are strongly ad-vised to try them at this time of the year ; in a few daya they perceive the powerful clearing properties they possess , and thus be induced to continue them . "

      Crowds of Persons flocked yesterday afternoon to tbe quay of the St . Katharine Dock , near the sugar-crushing warehouse , to inspect a bomb-mortar aud carriage , for the use of the Porte , that are to be shipped in a few daya on board the barque Jupiter , Captain Hicks , for Alexandria . The mertar is one of thelargeBt ever exported from England , its weight being 13 ions , and the bore 20 inches diameter . Its carriage , which has been made of malleable iron , weighs 17 tons—total weight of mortar and carriage 30 tons ! Previous to the arrival of the mortar in the St . Catharine ' s Dook , it was proved in the royal dockyard at Woolwich , with a charge of 801 bs . oF gunpowder .

      A Court martial was held at Chatham on the 20 th , on board of her Majecty ' s ship Poictiers , to try Lieut . Dawca , of her Majesty ' s ship Herald , for replying in an insolent tone to Captain Mairs , his superior , and for refusing to go to hia cabin when ordered . The Court found the first part of the charge proved , and admonished the prisoner to be more circumspect , in his language ; on the second part of tho charge the prisoner was honourably acquitted ; when ho was immediately surrounded by several officers , who shook him by the hand , and on his leaving the ship , the crew of the Herald gave several rounds of cheers . '

      Plain Speaking to Parliament . —The following is a copy oi the novel petition presented by Dr . Bowring from an elector of this borough , and which caused quite a sensation in the House of Commons on Monday evening : — T < ia 4 your petitioner is of opinion , that tha sole' object of the bread-tax is to make bread scarce , and , consequently dear , in ordtr to increase the rent rolls of individual members of your Honourable House , so thai you are legisla&ig for your own interests , at jibe expense chiefly of the poorest wretches in the . land . Tuat this kind of class legislation endangers tbe very existence of the Constitution . That the people will never be contented

      and happy , so long as they are compelled to pay a tax on every morsel of food they eat , and that , not lor purposes of revenue , but to go into the pockets of monopolists . Your petitioner would , therefore , pray your Honourable House to take off thiti , the must odious of all taxes , by at once aud for ever repealing the com laws . And your petitioner would also pray , that if , at any time , another bread-taxing Bill should be brought betora your Honourable Bouse , it may be intituled * An Aot for the better enabling the Landowners to rob poor Factory Children and others / And your petitioner will ever pray , "—Bolton Free Press .

      Hunting the " Old One . "— 'This morning ( Toesdaj ) at a very early hour a vast number of ihe lower classes assembled in a field at tho rear of Mr . Malcomson ' s house . Some of the more ri spectable classes , who were astir at that time , and passing in the vicinity , verj naturally inquired what was the cause of so great an assemblage at sucb an eai-iy hour , The answer given to their very great suvprise , waa , that the devil was traced all the way from Cash el across to Mr . Batik's field , aud that the pr nt of his foot was quite visible , the ground be \ ng burned . " Young and old , halt and lame , were after htm , and the chase was kept up with a spirit that completely baffl-33 description . Walla , fences of every kind , aud rivers , were taken in the most

      sporting style to catch . " the old . boy ; " and one of tha foremost said "that he had just koi » glimpse of him , " aud that" he was agenieel-luoking man . " Oa went tho chase , and in the mean time intelligence of tho pursuit reached the mayor ( so much noise did the afiUir make ) , and his worship lost no time in summoning Dems F : — , who , he conoeived , would be " a good man" at overreaching him . Both were quickly mouiited , and soon they crossed on the hunt \ but the dovil was out of sighjt w&en they came np with the pursuers , and no trace of him was visible . Hundreds during the day were to be seen going in the direction where the foot-printB yfoxd . —Tipperai'i / Constitution .

      'Ihb Pbiacjs of Wales ' s Household . —The public will ace with lufiuiie satisfaction that the Prince of Wales is about to have a Beperate household . Some have imagined that a baby-house is alluded to , bu * wo have ascertained that such is not the c&Be , and the following may be relied on as being as accurate a list as it is possible to obtain of the pro * jdoted establishment : — Master of the * Rocking Horse . Comptroller of the Juvenile Vagaries . Sugar Stick in Wailing . Captain of | the ( Tin ) Guard . Black Rodin Ordinary . Master of ¦ hu Trap Ordinance . Clerk of the Pea Shootor . Asni .-tant Battledore .

      Lord Privy Shuttlecock . Quartermaster General of the Oranges . It ia not yet decided bj whom these offices are to be filled , but thero h > no doubt his royal highness will tfta-itVai considerable discretion in making the appointments for the "separate h ' oushold" which has been so properly assigned to him . —Punch , Caution to Advestising Fjemales . —From tfee following letter , wtuch has been addressed to the editor of a Manohss ' . er paper , it wonld appear thai similar infamous practises have been attempted in i he provinces to those recently carried on in the metropolis . The writer says— " I wibh , through the medium of your journal , to give publicity to some int ' amou 8 attempts which have been made to bring

      run on several of a class of ladies who , being often friendless and unprotected , are exposed to the machinations of the licentious . A feWs cases have oomp to my knowledge when governesses have advertised for situations , or replied to advertisements , and have received letters purporting to be from a neighbouring iown , anpl after a letter or two have passed between tfeem relating to terms , &o ., infcervuiws have been i -eqnested . TUe writers stated , | tbat , as they came to Manchester only once a week , the interviews must take place at the houses where they lodge These ? i >* e been proved to be brothels of a eajpenor , description , and being in rather respectable situaexternal njay

      tions , atV » having decent ; appearancesj ^ easily be- taken for bosrding-fcoHses of ascondaty class . In the caseB alluded to , the parties have been prevented tAitering the houses by the interference of the neighbon ts and other accidental circumstances ; but there is un"miDent danger of ihe innooent and unsnBpecting gw >» becoming the victims of these wretches . Ladie ^ ought not togo uuaocompaniedto any appointment at a place which " they do not know to be respectable . " The editor of the paper says that before publishing" this letttr he made private inquiries into the factB , amd satisfied himself that the caution of nw correspondent bad not been Riven without sufficient ground ? .

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      N . TccKETr , of Expfcer , timber-merchant , annoincep , oy public advernstment , that he has bden " biuvharged to the ino . ome .-ta ^ bv one thousand pounds , " and that , he is deier ^ iriued to Beek some other country , " where there will bo no inquisitors seat to rack mankind . " \ Laudable and Ligal Abduqtion — Mr . Pirn , of Moantmellick , has forcibly carried away hia own wife , Mrs . Pim . from the hotel of . the White Quakers in William-street . A chaise was brought to th * door , and Mrs . Pim—one of the leaders of eha soothaving beencarried ous ia the aVms of her husband , was placed in the carriage much agaiust her will , and the vehicle drove off , amidst tho cheers of the spectators . — World . '

      Cgnstabiilab . y . ( Ireland )—Thefollowiug is a statement on the amount and expanses of tbe constabulary foroe employed in Ireland on the 1 t . of January last : —1 inspeetor-general , 2 deputy inspectors general , 2 provincial inspectors , 1 receiver , 1 nu r ^ eou , t veterinary surgeon , 18 pavmisters , 3 ^ connty inspectors , 216 sub-inspectors , 261 head constables , 1 , 419 constables , 7 , 086 sab-constables . 304 horses , and 58 tutigis > rat 69 . The tot&l expense *> ' ( the establishment for the year 1842 was £ Ul % 6 Q 5 \ fo ll ^ J , of which amount £ 263 , 473 5 s 2 d was boru by the ' ConsoliJated Fund , and £ > 78 , 132 0 s t $ i by tho Counties , cities , and towns of Ireland . !

      What Next ? . —A Mr . Bain , ' of Wofcton , near Wick , announces the discovery o .-jan electrical printing talegr&ph , by means of which he can , " by one set of types , aet up a newspaper in London , and print it simultaneously in every tow j in Engl and and Scotland , nearly as fast as theste ^ m mietiine throws off , the sheets . " This will beat piano printing all to nothing . —Brighton Gazelle . ] Completion of the First Instalment op the Chinese Ransom . —On Monoay atiurnoon six waggons , each drawn by four horsp ^ , arrrived at the Royal Mint with upwards of ono milhmt and a quarter dollars worth of sycee silver , brine the last moiety of the first instalment , n » . tneiy , 5 , 000 , 000

      dollars of the ChinoBe ransom . Trie above precious Rtores arrived at Portsmouth about tha middle of last week in her Majesty ' s ship Herald , and one of tho principal officers in the Commissary department at the Treasury immediately topk cnarge of the silver . During Thursday aud Saturday the Herald wss unloaded , and on Monday the cargo was brought np to town by the Southampton ^ railway , under a strong military escort , and iu thu course of the dsy it was safely deposited in the bullion storehouses at the Mmt . The silver , as on previous occasions , is packed in s&roag wooden bos » 8 , heirm « the offioiftl seal of Sir H . PoUingar , and as the treasure passed through the City crowds of persons followed the procession till it entered the gates of the Mint .

      Dublin Taxation . —We understand that application has been made to government to introduce a bill for abating the tax on oars used in the Dublin police distriot , a large number of Which belong to very poor men of the labouring olass , aud in lieu of it to lay a local tax on private carnage- * in aid of tho police fund . The consent of the government has not , we hear , been obtained as ytt . It ia also proposed to allow Che use of job cars on payment of an annual license duty , which would b-j a « reat , publio advantage , as at present they cannot foe used Without risk

      of incurring penalties , the law authorising only the use of hired cars which have the ! iiatnts of the owners , with figure platen , on their shafts . The tax on job oarriages is understood to be urged as a ground for taxing private carriages , as the classes who possess the latter ar « now exempt from taxation to which the persons who ran only use job carriages mast contribute . The roiiof of the poor cart owners is , however , tbe main argunjjent , as we understand , used in support of tbe chacge proposed . — World .

      Yankee Pwjilism —On Friday evening a singular scene took place in Lower East Stnitbfield , opposite St . Katharine docks , where a number ofruffians were congregated to witness a " gouging match" between two sailors belonging to one of the American ships lying in those docks , who , having had a quarrel in one of the pubHohouses in the neighbourhood , turned out to settle their differences after their own fashion . The manner in which the n ^ ht ( if £ uoh it m * y be called ) was carried on , was by catching h < Id of each other's long shaggy hair , and twisting the fore finger through it , endeavouring to thrust tha the thumb mco the opponent's eye , by kicking , rolling on the ground , and tearing at each other in every possible wa , y . This exhibition continued for upwards of half an hour , amidst the yells of thu mob , until the appearance of the police put an end to the { affray , before either of the men had sustained any aiaWtal injmy , although both of them were covered with blood aud dirt . i

      Dublin . —Defeat of The Pooa Ikw Commissioners , —At the sitting of the Court of Queen ' s Bench this morning , Mr . Justice Burton garr judgement in the case of ihe guardians of the union of Edenderry at the prosecution of the Poor Law Commissioners . The learned judge stated that judgement had been deferred in the hope that an ' amicable arraoKemenfc might have fr en come to between the guardians and the commbsioners . His Lordship then referred to the facts of the ca « e , | whioh were briefly these : —It appeared that an order was made

      by tho Poor Law Commiss-ioncrs for levying or borrowing a sum of £ r , 6 ( I 0 to build a workhouse iu £ dendorry , King ' s County ; that order w as complied with by the guardians , bm a second or ' der for the payment of £ 1 , 250 was resisted by the guardians , aud accordingly proceedings were lakvn by way of mandamus to compel them to p t y the money . After a careful ex&minatton of tho statute , ( the learned judge intimated that the Court waa of opinion that tbe rule for a mandamus by the commissioners should be discharged . '

      TniAL foe Murder at Malta . — Private John Nailor , 8 th rcg ., who murdered De . Martin , was placed at the bar of the Special Comnaismon on the 5 th inst . The sitting commissioners were Sir Ignatius Bonavita , President , and Judges Dr . G . B . Satariano » vd Dr . F . Chap « l ( a . The prisoner was charged with having , on the tith day of March , 1813 , discharged maliciously , in cold blood , and with a deliberate intention to kill or to do some grievous bodily injury , a firearm loaded with balll or other malaria ]* , at Dr . William Martin , wounding him principally on the right loin and the intestinal tube , and causing , in consequeac , almo-t immediately , his death , against the public peace and tranqivUny .

      and in contempt of onr Sovereign Lady tm Quee « and the laws . Tbe Crown-Advocate examined the witnesses for the prosecution , » nd thin part of tho proceedings being concluded . Dr . Decar 4 , coun-e ) for the prisoner , was heard iu 1 ms * detenco . iTiie Jury withdrew to deliberate , and iu an hour and a , nalt returned into court with tho ioliowing v '^ r dici : ~ " Proven unanimously , with the oeolaration of one of the jurors that tho . prisoner acted under a fU ot monomania . " The Crowu-Advocato r < ise and said , that the verdict was contradictory . The President answered that tho " verdict" W 4 S clear , and proceeded therefore to pass sentence . Nailor was condemned ro hard labour for life , with one chain , and w thout wages .

      Death fhom Eating Poisonous Plawts .- ^ -Thursday week , a woman nftcped EJizi&Kth tilbury , sixtyfive y ears of ftge , livics ; iv Sho'iVgardi-ns , St . Giless , went into Coveut-ganleii-market tojpjok up some odds and ends of vegetables , with which to make out a dinner , btiug too poor to buy even the pennyworth that was necessary fur that purpose Shejcollected a small parcel of what she coi > n . ie ) reJ the sproat 8 of grown out oniony took thena huain , and put several of them into an iron pot , wn ) i potatoes and fat , and fried the mess . ' Af ^ r eating of the pottage she remarked to hfr sou , & labourer at % cutler ' s , tha * . s ' . > e was ^ f ' aid ihe had poisoned herself with the Bproim , they tiavin ^ tasted

      bo odd , and she soon became v \ , but v / oulu not con Bent to have a surgeon , sent for . < Ju Good Friday , however , she evinced so much depr- > -ion thai Mr . Latten , a medical officer of tbe St . GiIoks Infirmary , waa sent for by her friends , bm beiore that gentleman could arrive she waa doad . T £ o parochial constable of the district , hearing of r . he > circumstance , proceeded to the house , and took ihr uudrei ! sua pprwuts to Mr . Wakley , the coroner , when on exsaiinati < n they proved to be miauuw saffron . If appeared that tha symptoms ut . ' : cr which t | ie deceased was said to hare laboured were simihr to those which might be produced by poisoDous doses of eolchicum . which is mado fr ; im f . i . s plant . \

      ** Intp . hebting CEUEMONf at Vienna !"—VinNNA , A phil 5 . —To-day bomg tho fiftieth anniversary of hia Imperial Highness Aiohcuke Charles having received the grand orosy of the ministry order of Maria . Theresa , the whole garrison , to which two re # » hu-7 n * hearing the name oi' the venerable pr ; nce had been added , marched out to the glacis to a most magnificent parade . Several splendid teatB had [ been erected for the imperial family and their suite ! At ten o ' clock his Majesty the Emperor arrived on horseback , accompanied by the archdukes , and the general officers of the garrison , and escorted by the life-guards . Their majesties , the two empresses , and the other illustrious membtTa of the imperial family followed in open carriages , and attended the high mass and "Te Deum , '' performed in front of

      the ttoopa , previously to which sahitea had been fired from all the gunB on the ramparts ; atidihjmV diateljr after the-conclusion of the solemn service ^ the emperor , ; embracing the Archdafce Cfa » rles | decorated him , with , the cross of Maria Theirflga , supfrblysftl in diamonds , in sight of the immense crowd of Bpectators , and during their loud and ] repeated acclaniationB and hurrahs . The archduke then received the warm congratulations of the members of the imperial family , the other knights ofjthe order * the generals , & « . The troops having afterwards defiled before his majesty the emperor * Tthe whole imperial family and suite returned to ; the castle , where at two o ' clock a sumptuous bau ^ uet took place in the hall of the knigh >» of Maria 1 'he r « sa , beautifully decorated for this occasion . \ Of course all the knights of the order were invited [ Ah ! these kings aud queans !] ;

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      It nFPBABS , from tha Augsburg Gaxeite of tho 13 : h , that the Russian Mims ' -er as Constafltinopls , on the 2 ad , waifed on Saritn Rffiindi , the Minister for Fon ? ign Affairs , " 10 communicate to him the vJtimatum of the Cabine t of St . Petereburgh relative to Sorvia . " " Russia requires that Prince Alexander , voluntarily aodioase tho sovereignty of that principality , and that in case of his refusing to d so , the Porte pronounce his deposition , and order a new election . M . de Bontenieff had heen mscructed ( should the Sultan decline to order a new election ) to retire instantly from Constantinople .

      Dr . Warnbpord . honorary canon of Gloucester and -Bristol , has given an estate , si ^ aa te at Hollingly , in Su .-ssx , to the . Kaddiffe Lunatic Asylum , to enable them to admit gratuitously a greater number of patients . The estate contains betwe ? n 700 and 800 acres , and yields a net income of i > l , 100 par annum . In add ! 'inn ro she mauticent gift , the Doctor and his sister bavo contributed tho ram of £ 7 , 251 ) to the asylum since its formation in 1813 . According to an Iriah paper the Merc-mtile Ad ~ verCLer , the population of Ireland ia shown , by the census of 1841 to ce 8 . 176 , 273 . It appears that the increase during the ten years up to 1841 was 557 , 702

      less than it had bean in the ten years preceding . It is evident thai duriiig the last ten years , there has been a very decided check to the progress of population in Ireland . The increase ia England , curing the last teu y-.-ata from 1831 to 1841 , was 2 , 004 , 794 , whioh waa more th&u oue-sevenrh upon the pouplation of 1831 . Tho increase in Irelaud , during the same ten years , vras 407 , 872 , which was little V 0 . 0 T 6 than one twentieth of the population of 1831 . The increase m" England has been in the ratio of nearly three to oae , as compared with Irdau < i . This is the first time that Ire and has shown a less degree of increase than England .

      ReroLimoN is St Domingo . —( Extract of a letter . C—Kingston , Jammca , March 20 . —The revolution which has for some time been imp ? u < ling ia the neighbouring if land of St . Domingo has at length come to a crisis , and , as yet , I am faappy to say , a bloodless one . " The ex president , lean Pierre Boyer , with thirty-two of his adhcrftnts , having sought shelter in one of her Majesty's ships , arrived here yesterday morning on board the Soy I la . He had been driven to this step by the resistance which was cflVed to the means he had adepred to get rid of the opposition to the measures of his government in the national legislature . At the boati of this opposition waa the Senator Dumeille , the representative of the province of Aux Cayes , whooii five d ff ° ren (

      occasions had been expelled from the senate chamber at the point of the bayonet , and each time had been triumphantly re-elected by his original eonstituenta . Under the apprehension of proceedings of a still more despotic and unconstitutional character , it appears that Mr . Dumeille had addressed himself to the regiment of artillery stationed at Aux Cayes , by the whole of whom he was readily joined ; and the feelings of the people were «• strongly engaged in his favour by what had previously taken place , th : ! t , in the course of a very few days he found himself at the head of a force of 6 , 000 men , with which he was preparing to march ol the capi al . In the meantime , with the view of-demonstrating to his fellow citizens that he was not actuated by motives of personal ambition , he proposed to M . Beaugillard , the governor of Aux Cayes , who has been very generally regarded for the last ten or twelve years as the probable successor of Boyer in

      the pr . fiideDoy , to declare the effiuo vacant , and to proclaim M . Beaugillard provisionally president until an opportunity could be taken to assemble the senate and complete his election b y the f orma whioh the Haytiao constitution prescribes- ft appears that , at tbe period in question , now some three weeks ago , M . Beaugillard declined to avail himself of thiB offer of M , Dumeille , but I believe it was perfectly understood that he did not look with disfavour on the armed resistance which was offered J& the violent proceedings of the president , although he did not think that the time was yet come for hid placing himself at the head of this revolutionary ' movement . In all probabiUty , however , the etnbarka « tion of Boyer with h \ p leading adherent ? will have proved the signal for his definitively declaring him * self . At the same time , there is some reason to apprehend , as those portions of the population who spsak the Spanish language have had but little intercourse with their fellow-citizens at the other end of

      the island , whose manners and habits are framed on the French mode ) , that some attempt may now be made to re-establish the political separation whioh formerly existed between them . As yet there is no palpable indication . of any such design , bat from what I know of tbe country personally , and ef the views of maay of its inhabitants , I decline to think that the tranquil and permanent settlement of its affairs will bo exposed to more dangar from this cause than , perhaps , from any other . There is , fortunatelv " , at this moment a respectable British force on this station , and as both parties have appealed to us for protection , first those , with 3 d . Eapin&sso at their head , who bad been driven into exile by the arbitrary proceedings of the president , and now Boyer himself , with his immediate adherents , reduced to a similar condition , it is to be hoped that the peaceful poain a of the community will not be reduced to the necessity of choosing between anarchy and slavery .

      Seduction and Suicide . —On Wednesday evening Mr . Carter , coroner for Surrey , held an inquest at the Red Lion Inn , Hijrh-gt ., putney , on tho body of Harriet Elizabeth Lsnglands , laie a domestic servant . The inquiry created considerable excitement , and a solicitor attended on the part of the deceased ' s father to watch tbe proceedings . Amelia Bar-well , on being sworn , said , the deceased was in my employ , as cook Oa Good Friday evening , between nine and ten , in consequence of what I had been previously told , I s * nt for the deceased , and told her that I understood she had some arsenic , and that Bhe intended to destroy herself . I also told her that t could not alJow her io have poison in my house , when she begflu to weep very bitterly . After per- '

      suading her to let me have the poison , and threaten- ' ing to call the police in if she refused , she consented to deliver np to mt > tho poison . She then went up into her bed-room , and opening her drawers she took ont a "mall paper parcel which contained & white powder , which I immediately Jhrew into the firtj , I jhad been told some time previously that deceased had been seduced by a man who had possessed himself of all her money , and then had deserted her . I mentioned that to her , and inquired of her if she was enciente . She in reply told me that Bhe had had * ' enough of life . " I advised her not to do anything desperate , telling her at the same time that I had no doubt her father would be willing , to take her home . At half-past twelve o ' clock on Saturday ' morni&g , I heard a noise in deceased ' s

      bed-room , and upon proceeding into her room , I saw her in her night dresa ^ vomiting , and seeing she brought up blood , I went and caUed her mastor , and said 1 thought a mecttcul man ought to be called in , a . she was in a very wild state * Mr . Farmer , Mr . Shillito , and his assistant , w < . re called in , who attended fhe f > cwa 9 < H <} , hut with no beneficial effect , as sho died on Saw ay afternoon . Mr . C . ' idhiilito , surgton , of Fntney , ss ? d he waf called to attend the deceased on Friduy night . He went to Captain Barwell ' s hou&r , where ho found the deceased labouring under the effects of some mineral poison . ' He could not put any qnen'ionsto her at that period , owms to bf-r exi ' - -bivi * vomii-ing and the cramp jq hor extri-iaitifs . A-w- ; fct » powder in the bottom of

      a , ttimy ' . rr * at < fiVd ^ n » eh 9 that she bad taken corrosive but > l : « ja . o . The Ubua-1 antidote , suchasthe white ot rg ^ s and carbonate of potass were adroinistt'Fod . but she never recovered . Captain Barwell coiiiirued tne previous -testimony , and produced a lo'ter written by th ' dflcea ^ ed , addreased to "Mr . R . Wiisly , at Mr . BuUook's , the Fox under the tiit , Camber wtll , " which wat . as follows : — " Putney , April . My dear Dick , —1 now , for the last tiiat .-, sit down to 6 ' ud to you , and I hope us fore this reaches- you I shall be no more , and I know yon will be triad of it , since the way ' you behaved to me la « t nighi , which is wicked ; indeed it is not what I thought of you , bnt I hope " you have one spark ot iove for one y «» u will bow for the last

      time ever bear of , snd I hope ycu will follow me to the f < rave as che last respect y .-a can pay to one who has ever shown t-hp ^ reate- -K lov « and respect for yon . Aiay tHe child , wiiosa I shall be the murder of as wtll as iuvwif , he har < py in the world we eball ge to , as I am sure we nf v r ' shi-1 be btre , wheu I know » hat th « ftfth ' -r is aiiv « aud happy r ? ith another , whilst » h « whuw y u » iave ruined aad forsaken pernips wu ! i , > . * o ) i ••!• , £ of br ^ ad to p *? , —and yon i'iw arc hap .. y to think you have got me in your oower to tr ^ mpU' upon ; but no longer fchall-y *> a do ti « at , fur I Jimv he a > m > who would do it . Toink , ti . rn , on ihe time when you first saw anu know me , and thiuk on tkn ogVrvpce time has made in mej and the one 'bat 1 should have thought ^ weuld never

      have turne « t his back ou pio who never did so to you when you wtre in trouble . But , oh Goo , I forgive you all your ill Usage towards me , ¦ and forgive yon , —so no" mor « fr « m your ever defeptsed Har- riet Lanolands . Ft ^ .- I * o more , adieu inr eeterJ 'M .. A . Sai » ih , another servant in the employ of Capt . Barwell , said ihe- above letter waa iu the handwriting of the deceased . Witnee ? knew Winsley , ' - and had every reason to believe that . he was too father of the child . A short time bSck ieoawfed- ' - f said ^ ve had lent WinBley ^ 63 . ;> She "¦ was muoh ia -3 debtjBatinjsFborrowed of dfffiiretiipewotia-tbiBtippljr Winsley with , money . After herideathvah * had not - '• enoach'we » riBg apparel to be laid' out in , jao 4 with- ¦

      staoding that she hadf ' a salary of » w ^ r % Mio * ai ' ¦ the whole of' h « r clothes ? behig pledged -to ^ ppiwrfc jT WinBley . A night or two bacl deceaRed : ^ pr | 4 # ed f ' 4 s . from witness for the fame p « i ^?^^« M ? i other"witnesses'w « re examinee , one of WflOiil f . pro- ^ 4 duocd a duplicate tor ; some ^ rticley tvb } b ^| gjtii ^< idft ? i pledged , whifch deceased said at the-tiffi «^ i * : foif ^^ the purpose of tetting Wineley » ccat ^ i ! ISte ? jarjr ;;* 5 aftBr a long consaitation , retarded vth ^ f « Hi 0 WiiB | fii } sverdiot : —•* ThaJ the deceas ^ destroyfed ^ eri ^ lt' ^ f '' k .-taking poiBoa , corrosive sublinjatOj baifl )? satltnati ai time in a state of mental aberration , bropeht ^ on ; by > f : the excessive « rief oauj ? ed by the ungrateful juid ;« a »' _ ,. ) natural conduct of Kichard Wins ' iy . ' *

      3^Oexvg.

      3 ^ oexvg .

      Untitled Article

      THE NO ft IB . > B S j Tl S | : 3

      The Sotskshent Factoby Bill.

      THE SOTSKSHENT FACTOBY BILL .

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), April 29, 1843, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct479/page/3/