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Northern Star (1837-1852), 21st August 1852, Edition 1 of 2, Page 3

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      Untitled Article

      £ * ^ "f ^ tion Lad teen temporaril y settled , and that Mr . Grampton had sent a despatch to the British GoveT rant , urgmg it to suspend orders and to withdraw the S that the fisherip , ?? miAsfinn ii «; j ! .,. „ ., ± m ..-. -

      INDIA AND CHINA . THE BURMESE WAR . By the overland mail we have received intelligence from Oil cutta to the 2 nd , and Bombay to the 4 th ult ihtf ^ fif ^ l Bumese on Mai ^ ban took place on h 626 i 5 6 " ?¦ A Burmese forcesaid to aiLnUo

      nnn ^ , 1 , 000 men with an equal number in reserve , ' aSckei our out lying ptckets and drove them in . A party of the 49 th hZI sent out to reconnoitre , was met by a heavyfir and ^ 3 with several men wounded . The Burmese 4 crtheTadvm ^ to within 200 yards of the camp , and lu ^ V ^ S fcf ^ S artillery opened on them with grape , Rafter a fewbounds they dispersed and took up a position on the IWnSSll 2 town

      me , wliere they set up a flag , as if with the intention of making a stand , or of driving our loops out of camp A weUdirected fire of round-shot being opened on them ? they Took down their flag and retired . Commodore Lynch , with three of tdem , wa . Captain lapley , m his armed cutter , with a boat of the Medusa Q and themannes of the Feroze and Medusa Wo ff iTt £ ** -U beat to the wesS

      ^^ o gain uch intelligence as he can of then , theTttacwl ; ° e is said tohave been commanded by the ex-Governor of Saban and to have marched from a Burmese post called Kf It is stated that it was a military blunder . that we dklnot t ? e and occupy the post instead of Martaban ; it wTuRno doubf be desirable to occupy both Shoay Gyn and Pegu ! Lt oS ^ Godwin hasnotatpresentanytroops to spare for ° dikantdeLch

      The Peguese having defeated the Burmese garrison of Pe < ni and driven all Burmese detachments from thei ? ne " hbourhoo ^ ^ ex-Governor of ta wree and retaken the place . The atrocities inflicted on tfe re uese bv the Burmese after the recapture of Pegu Tie desenbed as dreadful . Whether or not hopes of suppoifhad been heW out to the Peguese is not known , but their cry of desS ? i 4 t l ^ a ? . . ™?* ^ an expeditioi / to drSu the This

      Burmese expedition . consistedfoFaS 250 o ^ s It was intended to send double that number , bat sufficient carnage ( boats ) could not be procured in time . The force was ' ably assisted by 3 , 000 Talians' ( the Burmese culfcS caste ) , wlio joined close to Pegu . When our troops arrived iS he neighbourhood of ^ the Burmese posits the L was tm high , and they halted , intending to defer the attack until the evening The Burmese , however , marched out with two sold umbrellas , and a strong body of cavalry to attack us . They were allowed to approach quite close , and then dispersed with a yokey , and pursued into and through the woods . They ran too fast to suffer much loss .

      It was considered doubtful whether the Peguese and Taliaus would os able to prevent the Burmese from re-occupyino- Pe ^ u The health report of our troops in Burmahis most satisfac toV The King of Oudh lias of late acted the part of a faqueer , or religious mendicant , m his own gardens , hidden under trees while his women and servants are in search of him ! -a highly kmgly amusement , and an innocent one Vithal . CHINA . The rebellion is still talked of . It seems to be formidable and to occasion much apprehension . '

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      No . I . ^ SJnP ? PE 0 PLE GROW MORE APATHETIC glsSf AB 0 UT THm P 0 LIT 1 CAL

      To the Editor op the " Star of Freedom . " Sir , —It is a question which admits of no dispute that the people are becoming daily and hourly more indifferent to all political questions . No amount of peril , nor any warning can rouse them to a sense of their degradation . They appear ° to be a dull , sensless , inert mass , which nothing can move . Why is it so ? Is it that the people are satisfied with their present condition ? By no means . The frequently-recurring strikes which take place in almost every branch of industry , and the deep underhand growl which is heard wherever one goes , shows clearly

      enough , that contentment or satisfaction is nowhere to be found among the toilers—any statement from Manchester philosophers to the contrary , notwithstanding . Neither can it be for lack of agitation , for of that there has been a superabundance . Why is it , then , that the people are disatisfied with their condition , and yet make no efforts to improve it ? They are aware of their political bondage , but use no means to knock off their fetters . It has become necessary that this question should be answered , if those who are alive to the importance of it are ever

      to succeed in their labours . Something is evidently wrong , for if we compare the pDsition of the democratic party now with what it was fourteen years ago , it will require no philosopher to discover that our influence has greatly declined ; vast numbers of the -working classes who were then with us are now directly opposed to us . Whole districts have disappeared from the democratic map , while those who remain active in the field are split up into hostile factions , and spending their time in cutting each others throats , to gratify the ambition of those whose only object is to delude them . There is no effect without

      a cause and it is my intention to point out what I conceive to be some of the principal causes of the state of things which I have just mentioned . The first and most important of which is , that those who have been at the head of the Chartist movement did not understand the character and genius of the people of England . They have been mere agitators , and nothing more and as such were only useful to rouse the people to a sense of the importance of the object they had in view . Having done this , they had fulfilled their mission ; it then required practical men of business to take advantage of the awakened

      state of the public mind , to store it with valuable information , and point out a clear practical method of accomplishing the object in view . Instead of this , the people have been treated year after year to the same old hash ; vituperation and abuse of every class , sect , or party , but themselves . The lower paid trades were told that the higher paid ones were their sworn enemies ; a spirit of enmity was thus engendered between the di fferent grades of the working classes , which ended in driving from our ranks all but the humblest class of labourers , and these

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      neither the mind , means , nor stability , to carry on and sustain a movement sufficiently powerful to force from a eslflnterested and reluctant government a measure of reform so radical and sweeping in its character as the Charter . Moreover the systematic and determined manner in which we opposed every other class of reformers multiplied our enemies on every hand , and convinced the timid and doubtful that a party wno could act in so intolerant a manner towards every other party were not themselves in a condition to be entrusted with tue power of governing the nation . Our absurd attempt to gain our object by physical force , and the ruinoiLS and expensive persecutions which followed , likewise acted most disastrously tor our cause . J had np . i +. hp . v + lia vn ?«/ i ^ m ^ TT ^ m ^ r ~ Tm 77 T 77 ~ r ~ ' .

      The failure of the Land Company was likewise a heavy blow , and sore discouragement to us . It completely destroyed the confidence of vast masses of the people . . Tlle eggregious blunder , not to use a harsher term , of attempting to govern a democratic institution by a personal and irresponable dictatorship , was a most fatal step . It rendered it impossible for men of character and influence , and whose minds had attained the full stature of intellectual manhoorl , to remain m the-society , and pull on in harmony with a system wholly at variance with the principles of the party . Hence those

      bickerings and personal quarrels , which have so damaged our character and our prospects ; and which have been instrumental in driving from our ranks the best and most useful of our body . Just at a time when it was fondly imagined that this ruinous state of things was at an end , and that all obstacles to the free and harmonious action of the leading democrats were removed- , at a time too , when the govermental factions were split asunder , and were busy devouring each other ; a time most propitious , and when it only required a little self-sacrifice , and harmonious

      judicious , action on the part of the democratic body to make sure of advancing a stage towards perfect victory . At this favourable moment the democratic ranks are again torn asunder . It is necessary for us well to understand our position . The first step towards getting right , is to know that we are wrong ; and the first step towards removing the wrong , is to know what it is , and where it lies . Unless we are prepared fearlessly to examine our condition , and acknowledge our errors , and abandon them , we shall remain where we are , the slaves of our own stupidity .

      I propose , Mr . Editor , with your permission , to address a few letters to my fellow working men , on what I conceive to be the best policy for us-to pursue for the future . PHILO .

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      CO-OPERATION IN AMERICA .

      The Phalanstery and the Phalansterians . — i < romaletterin the New York Tribune , we extract the following account of the Phalanstery , Monmouth County , New Jersey : — " " There are six hundred acres of land in the domain of the Association , most of . it of the ordinary quality of'Jersey land . ' About two hundred acres are under cultivation , much improved within a few years by dressing with marl

      , two beds of which , of superior quality , are on the property . A stream of water running through it . gives a small inillmg-power . The nearest tide-water is live miles distant , where steamboat communication may be had daily , but at irregular hours , with New-York , a poor sandy road to be travelled over between . The land cost twenty-five dollars an acre and I believe I have stated all the material

      advantages of the location . The Association have a grist and a saw mill driven with the aid of a steam-engine that they have added to the small water-power . No other branch of mechanical or manufacturing industry is carried on and the labor of the members is mainly given to farming and market-gardening , and it is from the sale of agricultural products almost entirely that they must get their living and their profit .

      t " The Phalanstery is much like the large hotel of a watering place or a sea shore house , made to accommodate 150 persons . There are chambers for single persons , and suites of rooms for families . There are also tenements detached from the main building , but having a covered way , that the members may reach it dry-shod in rainy weather . — These are each occupied by a family . There are certain common apartments also in the phalanstery , such as a reception room for visitors , a reading room , a dining hall ; the kitchen , dairy and other domestic offices . A small

      steam-engine is employed for washing , mangling , churning , &c , and the arrangements of the domestic department are all admirably contrived for savinglaboui \ Ishouidguess roughly that one woman could do the work of ten , with the ordinary farm-house kitchen conveniences—in other words , as far as this goes , farmers would save their wives and women folk all but about one-tenth of their now necessary drudgery by living on the associated plan . ¦

      There is some pretty natural wood and a picturesque ravme near the house , but no garden or pleasure ground ; indeed the grounds about the house are wholly neglected , and have a shabby and uninviting appearance . It is evident that the Association have neglected everything else in their endeavour to make the experiment successful , financially . They have worked hard and constantly for this , and though , from entire inexperience at the business of market-gardening , to which their attention was chiefly directed , they at first made numerous mistakes , similar to

      those playfully alluded to by Hawthorn at Blythedale , and though they had a great many peculiar difficulties , they have been rewarded in finding it pay . Last year , after paying the members at a rate of wages for labour , higher than that ordinarily given by farmers in this yicinity , the Association divided five per cent ., on the capital invested in the undertaking , among the shareholders . When we consider how hard it is for farmers in general to make a decent living , we must acknowledge that they have proved a great advantage in the co-operative principle , as applied to agriculture .

      " That the financial success of the community is the legitimate result of the association of labour and capital , I am satisfied , 'end I should judge the peculiar description of husbandry to which its attention has been directed , was that in which it was least likely to have been profitably employed , because it is that in which labour-saving implements and machinery can be employed with the least advantage . In addition to the profits divided last year , it

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      should be mentioned that extensive orchards , as yet making scarcely any return , are growing . " The Refeotoiy is a fine , spacious hall , with perhaps twenty tables , each long enough for a dozen persons to dme off lhereare bills of fare changed every day , in which the dishes provided for each meal are mentioned , with their cost-as at an eating-house . By buying at wholesale , and using all possible contrivances to lessen labour in preparing and cooking food , of course the cost of living is very low ; but every little item counts . Thus : bread 1 cent

      , butter cent , as well as roast-beef 3 cents , and ice-cream ( a Luge ration of the richest ' Philadelphia ' 2 cents During drouth and short pasture the butter-cakes are graduated by the stamp a . trifle smaller , which I mention as an indication of the systematic exactness to which the domestic economy of the establishment is brought lhereare several summer or transient boarders at the s es tablishment , and these are charged , in addition to the cost of the food they choose , and a small rent for their bedchamber 2 dollars a week for the profit of the Association I lie waiters are mainly from among the most refined and pleasing young ladies of the Association . On taking seat you are introduced to the lady who attends your table and you feel yourself to be in the relation of guest not of

      superior , to her . She takes part in the general conversation of the table , but conies and goes as there is need—is a very good water indeed , doing her duty with tact , sweetness , and grace . ' Why do so many of the best of your young people choose to be waiters , and so deprive themselves in a great measure of the social enjoyment of dining with their friends ? ' They all dine together afterwardsand , as they are among the best of us it is a privilege to dine with them—of course to wait with them .

      « ' One great point they have succeeded in perfectly ia making labour honourable . Mere physical labour they have too much elevated 1 think , but at any rate the lowest and most menial and disagreeable duties of a civilized community are made really reputable and honourable as well as generally easy and agreeable . . A man who spent a large part of his time in smoking and reading newspapers and chatting it away , or in merely recreative employments would feel ashamed of himself here , would feel small and consider it a privilege to be allowed to black boots orsween or milk , a part of the time . " *'

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      CENTRAL CRIMINAL COURT .

      Murderous Assault . —Martin White , aged 63 , described as a labourer , was indicted for feloniously cutting wounding Ann Hurley , with intent to murder her . Ann Hurley deposed that she had been living with the prisoner about twelve months before the event happened . During portion of that time she had been in service . While in service the last time she went on the 8 th of June to see him , to get a ticket for some clothes , and she found Mm in a public-house After drinking at this and another public-house he asked her to go home and make his bed , observing , that , he would not detain her more than half an honr . This was about a quarter past ten o ' clock at night . On going into his room he locked the

      door , and told her she should not go home until the morning . She then went to bed , and between two and three in the morning he put his hand across her face and kissed her . Witness saw that he had a razor in his hand , and she cried out , " Oh , don't murder me . " He replied , "I shall serve you out now , " and then cutler first on the left side of the chin and cheek , and then on the other side . She endeavoured to protect herself with her arm , and received two cuts upon it . " Witness exclaimed , "Oh , you have done forme at last . " He said ,

      " You are not murdered yet , '' and was about to inflict further euts , when she jumpod up , unlocked the door , and ran down > stairs into the streeet . A policemad saw her , and took her to the hospital , where shad remained ever since . There was nothing the matter wtth prisoners throat when she left him . Cross- examined by Mr . Bodkin . —I am a married woman , but my husband has left me . When the occdrrence happened I was living witn a Mrs . Edge , who keeps a brothel . The prisoner had been drinking but knew what he was abou The prisoner was found gguilty and sentenced to 12 years transportation .

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      THE SIX MILE TRAGEDY , VERDICT OP WILFUL MURDER AGAINST THE SOLDIERS

      This long-protracted inquest was brought to a close on Wednesday evening . The jury having come into court , the foreman announced that 12 of the jurors had agreed to a particular finding , and they resolved to have the verdict drawn up in a legal form . The Coroner then read the finding , as follows : — " ' Wo are satisfied that John C . Delmege , J . P ., John Gleeson ( first ) , James Postings , William Barnes , John Thompson , John Dwyer , James Sharpe , Thomas Clarke , and John Carter , soldiers of the 31 st Eegiment , are guilty of the wilful murder of Jeremiah Frawlev . ' Five jurors dissented from the verdict . Their names are-John Holmes , R . B . Walton , William Mahon , William Morris , and Patrick Mahon . Mr . William Mahon stated , that although they had not agreed to the above verdict they did not acquit the soldiers of all criminality , and that thev would all have agreed to a verdict of manslaughter by soldiers whose persons were not identified . The five dissentient jurors-also acquitted Mr . J . C . Delmege of having either fired himself or given any orders to fire . Mr . Graydon then applied to have the eight soldiers admitted to bail , but the Coroner refused . He could make no distinction between a red coat and a dark one , but was there to do his duty fairly but firmly to all parties . Mr . Graydon pressed the application , but the coroner decided upon refusing it . The jury having returned similar verdicts in the . other cases , the requisition was engrossed in due form . The coroner then issued his warrant for the airest of persons implicated in the verdict , and it was intrusted for execution to Sub-Inspector Donovan and a party of constabulary , by whom the eight soldiers were conducted to ennis gaol . Mr . Delmege was not pre < sent in the Court .

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      Auaw 21 , 1852 . THE ^ Fmmm , ¦ ¦ ' " — ——¦¦ _»

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Aug. 21, 1852, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1692/page/3/