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Northern Star (1837-1852), 19th June 1852, Edition 1 of 2, Page 1, Untitled Article

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      up - tioni b y consenting to accept 1 , 000 franeeaconi ( about & 2-12 -is . ) , coupling therewith the release of two young English gentlemen named Stkatfobd , who had boea ia prison duriug some months for sympathising with the Tuscan liberals . In acknowledging ttm settlement , Lord Malmesbduy characterised Air . Scarlett ' s ultimatum as at variance with Eound reason aud equity ; but at the same tirao complimented him onv ' acting to the Lest of his judgment ! ' Knajly , Mrjjf Mather having indignantl y refused the f practicg % tonement ' in the shapo of the thousand fi ^ nciscMi , and Lord JIalescuby finding his ' -bargaiji' tbifubject of ridicule and denunciation ^ rall $ & $ ffixnalB , ' turned round upon his insirjii ^^^^ disavowed Mr . Scarlett and his proceeding « J ^ Mn ^ ittte | f thfe ;? ffair to the hands of Sir H . Btfgpit , t ^ get ^ i s ^ riieipal out of this wecious megs—if ha catf . ' : ~ ' ^'' >¦

      Throughout this affiir Mr , ^ lAXilziuen ., has condueled himself as a man in . whoso veins flows the true blood of his forefathers . Oa the other hand the socaljed' noble , ' the representative of the British Monarchy , the official guardian of British honour , has played the part of a miserable , pettifogging panderer to the ruffianly power , whoso myrinidoin ' has spilt the blood of sin Englishman , ono of whose countrymen in Florenco at the time , states that being on the spot within five minutes after the cubage had been committed , he found several large pools of . blood covering the Btono pavement , and his first impression was that a sheep bullock

      or , injured by some accident , had been slaughtered on the spot ' . No sum of money , even £ 5 , 000 , could of itself be considered compensation for such an outrage . Such a sum mighthave been justl y demanded byMr . MATllEK ; but , over and above that , our G-overnment should have insisted upon the cashiering of the ruffian , and the mo 3 t ample apology ou the part of both Tuscan andAustriau Governments . The American Government would certainly have been satisfied with no less . Ah : but there is a difference . America is not emasculated by the rule of an effete monarchy , and a worn-out aristocracy . She is not governed by those who judgo everything by a money standardand who

      , , as Disraeli unblushiugly reminded tho Legislature , amid sympathising hear , hears , and 'laughter , ' are content , ' even in a matter which concerns their most delicate honour , ' to seek pecuniary damages in a court of law ! Such is the custom of the country , ' and such customs have ever been premonitory of a country ' s ruin . Better the times of ' ferocity and barbarism , ' when men to defend their honour , or avenge their wrongs , thought of but one means—the sword ; and when an insult offered to the humblest member of tLe community was considered an outrage upon all , and the government acted in accordance with that proud sentiment of the nation .

      But we have fallen , fallen , fallen ; and it is to be feared that only some terrible calamity , some dread struggle for national existence , will afford a chance for the restoration of the olden spirit , and even that may not avail ; for once on the downward path ef degeneracy , it is but rarely that even miracles caa save a people from destruction . . The case of Mr . Murray , condemned to death by the Papal Government , the infamous Extradition Bill introduced by Malmsbory to serve the tyrant Bonaparte , but subsequentl y abandoned and the villanous combination w ith the Holy Alliance' to rob Switzerland of Neuchatel , together with other matters connected with our Tory Government ' s foreign

      policy , I will treat of in my next letter . The friends of European freedom have great need to be on the alert . I observe that on Thursday evening , in the House of Commons , that lying libeller of the Italian patriots , the notorious Baillie Cochkan'E , denounced Mazzisi for what he termed ' sedition , ' and gave notice of bringing his accusations in due form before the House . Let every true man who values justice , and who does not yet despair of his country ' s honour , firmly resolve to stand by the political refugees , and , at any sacrifice , protect them from the assaults of such creatures as | this Cochraue , and those above him , who have shown too clearly that their sympathies are with despotism and the blood-stained foes of the rights and liberties of mankind . L'AMI DU PEUPLE .

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      SOCIETI OF TIIE FRIENDS OF ITALY . At tie first annual meeting of this Society , held in the Mnsic-Lall , Store-street , Mr . P . A . Taylor in the ohair , tho following , among other resolutions , were adopted . Moved by Professor Newman , seconded by Mr . II . Gisen , A . M . : — That the recent alarming successes of despotism , civil and dc clesiastical , make it the duty and the interegtof England to be ready to incur sacrifices for continental freedom , and especially for tho freedom of Home , which has been unrighteously overthrown by foreign interference , in orGer to keep up the temporal Papacy . Moved by Mr . George Dawson , A . M ., seconded bv Mr . Shaen : — That it is incumbent on tie constituencies of this country , on the eye of a general election , to be prepared to test the opinions of candidates with respect to the leading questions of our foreign policy and relations , and to require from them declarations on thc 3 e topics as explicit as those thry are in the habit of demanding on home Questions .

      Mr . Dawson addressed the audience on this resolution in his usual striking and happy manner . One of bia hits told with particular effect . Speaking of the peouniary compensation in tho Mather case , and of tho conduct of Lord Mfllmcsbury in regard Jo that case , be compared England at the present moment to a dog who first presents himself to be kicked , and then turns round to the kiokor , holding a tin canister in his moutb , that halfpence may be dropped into it . et iJ *; . ^ azzlni « was received with great applause , read the following address from the Italian National Committco to the Friends of Italy : — You have stretched a friendly hand to the struggling Italian pcopie ; you have felt the righteousness , the sacredness , the importance ofour cause ; and you have thought that to feel it and to work for ltoogh . to be identical things to any enlightened man who believes in outy ; who . knowing that life is not merely thought or contentplatiou but mamlv action , for what mind and heart . uggesuS &t ? T . U ln * cn !«» e «* our oppressed country , and as the only your friendly endeavours , by jour sympathising xnertings and wntmRS . you havsaiMciJ courage to tiiose who « rn ? i ? 1 « . oti-mm . h

      ana consolation to those who suffer . You have , as far as It was in toller to tn ^ e who are doomed to fieht and fall in darkiics-rod silenoe , without a word of praise , without a legend on the to bstone , raying to their survivors ' they Ml for justic . V You have " - fl—f ^ mtllT V ° S ™ C 0 Unlr * Ulust be ^ tefu' -ltlldt flame « f mutual love ana trustbetween our country nnd jours , which the syst-onaticaUy immoral and rhort-sighted indifference of " « " statesmen had nearly extinguished . You hm sovni in a foil made fertile by the tears of the good andby the blood of tk " tea « ' betS ? seeds of future union and alliance with England than can be dona by protocols about Prussian rights , or free S ^ taeriand . or surrender ot trench aceiibed , signed m your foreign office with dying monarchies on rotten parchments thirty-ei gat years ago . Yours are written on the heart of man with nations that are called , and will , entomb come to lift . These endeavours , these collective andI in duumalejertions of years , m 3 y be now multiplied , organised as much as possible en a wider field . Times arc fast aaprWhing in Khun , according toa » human probability , the mmr ^ ied willnn .

      peal to tuen- own atrength against the oppressors , iu which we shall want from you more than you can actually give , a decided efficient series of acts onHrtins the sympathies of nil your nation and binding your government to a less illiberal and un-English policy than the one pursued jule « , when brave Hung ; ry fell under Russian invasion without a single protesting official word from Bazluud-when , at Rome , attached m the foulest and most unprovoked way by France , Austria , Spain , and Aaplcs we could not obtain anv communication from the British mimstrj except the cola , gloomy ^ fatal one—you are doomed . 1 or humanity ' s sake and for the honour of England , you must not allow such a policy to Le renewed on the dav of the holy feattle , when the crisis , of which 1 S 4 S gave only the programme , will take place . England ' s duty will then be , not to stand aloof from the mighty contest between good and evil , as if she was net belonging to the family of European nations , and liberty , for which they will light , was not her own creed and Weesinq ; but to stand by ths side when the good flag will shine , and to utter loud and solemnly . whatever consequences may arise , the belief in justice and truth on which alone her greatness rests . Your task i « now to pave the way for such a noble manifestation , tosiir up , by redoubled efforts , in your population a better knowledge of our Italian

      question , to shake off from uninformed or misinformed minds the- l « n ? lingering prejudices which make them hesitate before tho choico . It is an extremely important European task . We say it with deep conviction , in which the secret of our strength and of our persevering activity lie ; the question of Italian liberty is the question of the European liberty ; liberty of the scul and of the body at ones . If

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      e , universality of the aim constitute ths initfottn power , we are now called on by Trovidence to ha An i . -,- 1 J llwtxn 5 Pie of Europe . We have to contend XK £ £ KoftC and sham authority-the Emperor and the Pope . We cannot r Im a common , free , god-likelife of ours , without hurlingbothPod III SSr ^ atjwaaaasa&aSS ? SS 53 Hf SSBsaSa SSSsS ^ S conscience for all-liberty of free S i % re ^ rawn- Wberty of are . Godbethankea ° imDliCd ? n ;> a ! -B / n « ncnt for all-« latrfeSln » a Y ° ~ 1

      = ti . nu hi \ ndacioLeve rla « n ; CtiVe r ^^ «*»» w ™» W"i can be done- that wlhtai «? vft ? ctl 0 n - / 6 ° « d , wherever good justice , must veU hU inl ° ^ Up > t QOd ) " > e God of truth and amongstXinu ! tudL ^ 'lmt th 6 lw ° ^ -f , ? UtBsing sPirit Uitow at Maynooth or inPwt kTT ^? ^" 1-l 3 not t 0 be over - that So endeaVour ta e ™~ K . , , r-ha 11 ! but m his own feat at Romo ; soleinte ~ rofthO P hfhi « b . lbes " . '"«"" spreading liberty , the nwnccthemran ; Vm . I A ? . striMa ? erth 0 aim a »( i ' o r" - shall not , and wH not 1 n „' J 0 Ur tl , gitat 0 V 8 lor P Dace - that we providencehns causedmn Ve ^ ' unloss w 0 h « ve jnsHee ; that Sfhalf the world Z&cWP " )? ' ? B . ' . tllB civilisation battle ofriithtGainst br »^ if e '« ir ° Ugh a 8 mgle & ° rws , sacred irjs-j ^ S ^ pspssrss vSi

      untUih ^?» T ™ ?™ Stl ^ TCTto ^ ortnreMt «> t «» f « y « 'em 4 l ' uTOVcommZ " ; . i ^^ 1 b . m- ¦ nd m ho n L b ? y > lnseParrtWe irmn European political ihetmtiMof ^ siszS&S ^ szx ttssz ttj ^ r&v &zsx&trjzi

      SSffiS ^^ asas ^ Ta ESSr ^ Sft ^ ^ SieVaw- t Iraneeshowi how connected Europeanenec ™ t ^ n = ntwoi ' M h . f ; . . T despotism and aristocracy on tho OT-KtZ rf . ?« deat ? : olo " 1 10 Bl > i « sU aristocracy , and that the S : w ]" : ^ t , T kinK ulas 5 es is nPt a mere interest , but a lr \ istTOuVor » hif ? ifi ? ° ? ? T ™ S ^™ or nowhore . Wo . ' slincourmv-, fi'f <* tatMk - > h'nst us for ttie aocom-&E , i' »»* * " mutnal trust and active co-opera-Lw Imf drpin B nfT ° . forerunner P'that alliance that we s ^ feen ini ^^^ ssr ^' iis of a na ' Joseth Mazzini , }

      Adbelio Saffi , 5-CommitteOi Matiia Mostzcchi , ) IIATJHIZIO QuADilo , ) „ CEsiABt AoivsTivi r Secretav . es . London , June 8 th , 1852 , i aooshm , ; ^ Frequent cheering interrupted the reading of this doeu

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      FRANCE . The French Government and the English Press—Defeat of the Gpwimwnt-The Tyrant ' s Crimes -Secnt Societies - Petitions for the Empire-Non-Jurors—The Orleans Estates . { Iron our oum Cormpondtnt . ) Tn . L . Paris , June , 16 th . rtIf . ^ * w SnniC atl 0 ? Of lfl 8 t week l mentioned the fact , that the French Goternment had threatened the Correspondents of the English Press with expulsion , ^ they did not cease their hostility to B P " :- In ^ sequence of the representation * oi

      me iiritish ambassador , Lord Cmvley , the French Government have let the matter drop for tK present . r As a straw will serve to show tho course of the strenm bo are the most trifling occurrences important in tbo existing critical state of affairs in Franco . In the Corps Legislative , on Saturday last , the government propoaed that the new sumptuary laws should bo referred to tho commit'oo of the budget . The house , however , decided that tho lawa in question should he referred to a special oommittee . On a show of hands the government was boaton by a considerable majority , a result which occasioned an imraenso sensa ' tion . None of the papers here mention thi 3 defeat !

      I have always held the opinion that on the first defoat sustained by Louis Napoleon , the now cringing legislators will turn upon him . " Coining events cast thoir shadows before . " It ia rumoured that the President is fav from boing satisfied with tho clergy , for whom he haa done so much . It is even said that he has thoughts of adopting a " Liberal " polioy , in order to gain tho assistance of the Republicans to cru 9 h the Royalist parties . I need hardly say that they are not to be so easily " done" by the hypocrisy of tho brigand of December . Could the attendant atrocities of the coup d ' etat be for gotten , facts like the following would be enough for the workers : —

      Tho carpenters of Nantes having struck for higher wagos , the military authorities placed & number of soldiers at the disposal of tho masters . Ill who took an active part in the organisation were arrested , and tho money remitted to the carpenters out of work in the adjacent towns seized . Yet these robbers have called themselves a " government of the people . " At Perpignan , one of tho places thatsuffored most from the orimes of December , the wife of a man transported to Laiabe 8 sa died from misery and grief . More tban 2 , 000 person * assembled to conduct her to tho grave . To inspire terror in tho minds of the population who had made this guilty demonstration , twenty-five men were conducted through the town towards Lambessa . These unfortunates were , for tho most part , prisoners of December released with their certificate * of " Not Guilty . '" They had been arrested at their OWn homes in order to nrnJutP . an t . ffent . on thn tnwn

      by their passage . What surety can there be in Franoountil this aboniinabie despotism be overthrown ? Louis Napoleon has loudly proclaimed that ho has completely destroyed the Socialists and Red-Republicans ; yet the government opposes the reduction of the army , btcause there are 63 , 000 affiliated mtmlert of tteret societies in tht Herau ' . lalone ! Truly it is not without cause that somo of the most rabid Bonapartists have formed an asBooiation for the protection of the " Prinoe President . " Cannot the " saviour of society" save himself ? Petitions for tho establishment of the empire aro now ex . tensively circulating in the department of the Basses-Alpes . At Barcelonette , Seyne , Javie , and Turners , a large number of signatures have been collected . It iaaaid that the subscription raised for General Changamier amounts to twelve thousand pounds Bterline . but thathohasrefuscd . it . 8 >

      A letter from Valparaiso mentions the arrival in that port , on the 7 th of April , cf the corvette Art 6 mise , commanded by Captain Page , Governor of the Frenoh establishments in Oceania . On tho following day the Moselle , hound for tho Marquesis , with MM . Gent , Longoraazino , and the other persons condemned to transportation by tho court-martial of Lyons , also arrived thcro . They aro aocompanied by their families . Tho health of both vessels was most satisfactory . Refusals to take the oath Btill continue to pour in , notwithstanding the exertions of tho prefects to prevent thorn . It is affirmed that ono of these zealous officers has issued a printed circular thuB worded : — " You are informed that tho oath must bo takon ivitk sincerity . "

      GERMANY . Detemination of the German Governments to Extinguish the Newspaper Press . —Disarming of the Civic Guard of Hesse Cttncl , < tc . ( From our own Correspondent . ) Franki-okt , Juno 15 . The Censure will be abolished in Austria , and the Press Laws , forming part of the penal code , will be introduced in the whole Austrian empire ou the 1 st . of September next . Iheee Press Laws ere so contrived as to give the government such power as will enable them to gradually extinguish the Press altogether . " Caution-money " must be deposited as heretofore , and no new paper can ba published without the permission of ths Stadthftlter of the province .

      ) , ou fflU not be surprised to learn , therefore , that the Correspsndenz-Blatt aus Bohmcn , " published at Prague , csases to appear with the end of the month . A new regulation is that newspaper venders will be obligsd to have a special liceme , which must be renewed every six montns . Ihe cautionjmoney is 10 , 0003 ., 7 , 000 fl ., or 5 , 000 fl ., according to the population of the city or town in which the newspaper appears . It will bereadily conceived that few will be induced to risk their money and their personal safety with such > lawless and unscrupulous deipotism as the Ana * trian government . Ind « ed , none will do so , except such as are willing to be the vile flatterers of the existing tyranny . But thelAuatrun government do not want a Piess ; they

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      KORsriTw tm A MTTRrni . GREAT SPEECH oITtHE POLICY AND PROGRESS OF RUSSIA .

      «! Ktn « f v , bcon Tilitin S several of the towns of tho ewa ? p fc - lork < At Syracuse he was received with inoluXi i JSn < An irame «» 8 meeting in the park he coSL' f B 0 h 001 children with thei ^ teachers . la ine , 1 ° ^ comparatively brief speech , delivered enterp arts of Pn' ? ° « wwTCd . — " Wo are told that in some thro . tentI ? , ° I thc cu * tom when a cloud is seen which tho moSonr S ? ? p storm ' toriD £ all tbo bells , tbat by Now , ge ntlemen ? r - » th i e daM B ™™* cloud "W dispelled , is the voice of r , i \ . truo tbat tho voico of tl 10 people opinion may wl ? l riD S in « bo 11 of tho voico of public domis of tyranny o » "' 0 opportunity that will dispel the youiMundi : eVS 3 Lr' " ' ? llem ' ) I ^ nk you for and I give yOu ml £ ffi . 8 ° ™ g ing that bell , ringin . rf . the rLfni T ? tbnt m - PC 0 P ' ° ^ *< W to that nn , f + fn , i " u :. "S cannon , the rattling nf m »< . i .. « ta lc c 1

      Si » is ? , n 7 S ? J «^? S ? - ^ f ^ satftii ^ ^^ te ( SfS . r th 0 trium ? h a ^ » 5 S b ° o K At tho meeting in the park ho delivered a vcrv len « tl-v oration , commencing with a Lappy allusion to tho fiSloS &iraicuseot ancionf . Sicily .- " Citizens of Svracu e , ernem . fn , t . ? yl' ^ lse of old Cartba . » ° "e of tho competiton for the , domimon of the world , ' as now Russia i , , 8 e ? up bj tho rthli rT ISiU c S the T - mnt to become king wf " Sen So I ' vrnS , frr ? RuSSi i "P P ? anoi 8 renrm ™ tU , t 0 h ° kln& murderer of Hungary . Tho Si M fr ¦ P ? ' Sj ; 'i lcuSC wcnt t 0 lhti ^ ghiy and I no " chfm ^ . ° '" , lection ! lgilinst >«" , as hirl * f Protection against hiw-oppiussing violence for hoS ? Om An . erica-iiourisliing l , ke Oorioth , but i hrcS , MCSnil - btier than sll 0 ^ - Corinth granted I" ? Claimed protecr on in Sri-nnnco Tf hno ., « . i .,.- « _ . _"

      if ffS h - a 8 ' ^ ow , 7 into the scMeTbut ' the Vestige the vir ?« T- T ^ e re"own of "er energy represented br sir » cuS ? w val ? ur of , a Timoleon and the Hepublio of ? c ooK " - ^ ' and DyonUius tlio Tyrant became fJrenoS f ^ sa mo Corinth , which fiw , and thereto flen i-S 1 * 1 * 1 n ° / iea ous fi rart 0 d an Wium even hotter -, ? , ! t M ¦ atld mde them schoolmaners-a We ) ft , n ° " ' , Po ^ csaion than to wear a crown . ni ^' votw , ntan 1 ° f' Sentlcmon ; Francis Joseph thitSthomif ' ^ ylum als 0 ) thou K soaweJy believe o * iTo hi « . » ''{ " ^ T ° fyour r ° P " can succeed 1 itiun o t ^ f °° ^ oIni »" er . No , the blood-thirsty iir « -i \ ™ » . F tyrant ' nursei ! b - witkcd »«> ther , "round i « w ° r 80 clt > ty which unfortunately pains finrt i Amw ) ca » Professes all means to be good onfv atan UtT ' / ° ' ° ™ " * Y amttlin of ' that : r . . 2 , " ? ? en the POttitentwrr of Auburn nnnid « . »

      cori e in -11 ° - ? Crim 6 S t 0 r ° P ««> anVllcrimM S , ' " Penitontiarwa oftue world . 01 ., for that aSiit BV ? S f reed ° . i wh , ll 0 I ) ublican Corimh saved leoi 17 om ° , T ' . ' Whwe wil 11 find a Tira ° - JSJi ' imiL wi n imi ! inon ' tlicn I « n « y be excused from 'exuauumg , Would thou haustgrownold ; thy procress istho bS o ?" oS TnW " 0 ara no »»» iHSy S !! delcndod Europe against the countless hcS o " Zln Jouaoo ll Sn ; f ' ° Y ^^^ nioslCphoruneus X A !? ' ^ P « »» ^ aveS exposed for bPcamo ' shJiS , " ! fPart ^ fl' 01 " tba number . ' ld lhey " ! wltle ?<» ^ ir commerce their d

      ^ ' ^^ V , " . . enoc , a .. d their art , . Had Cod , th moro ol on to few bo Efwinfr f Cartlia 8 ° ' tUanMtb 0 woriJ . »* a £ ! i t . i wiUiin , hiiva to tear the preponderance of Russia ? Was there more interest in tho taut that over the IU'DUO'ic of Syracuse 1 , 0 tyrant should rule as a punpot of Ga ? fha « S man ambition t ! , u thi-ro Is » unireml liitercst iu tl 0 ( Set that tho Hungarian Republic should not be oppressed by a tyrant , the ool and satellite of tho ambition of Itussia' tl answer that question , let me explain the real bearin g of Russma intervention in Hungary . A combination of terora tei ? 8 0 ?! 11 86 Ul the CG » ^« oi comparative

      ^ ... ^" wcikucmn tbo strongest power on e ^ U , ' S law of nations there is , therefore , no seeuritr for nations . Biu the Luropoan powers had Ion- ago substituted for tho rule of jostteathoi . o . oa » ed balancing svstem-that is to say , the political balance of power among nations . That mtein is iniquitous , because it i « founded not upon tho natonal right even of tho smallest nation to bo maintained in its independence , but upon the national jealously of the great powers . With this systo > ., the independence of the smaller states u not sui-o of right and b y lu . v , but only deponding from tao consideration that tha absoi-nuon of such

      manor states might aggmvdiso ono of the great powers too muoh . In this system , humanity is taken for nothing . Iho mutual jealousy of tho powerful is all , and the implicit guarantee lor tbo security of tho weaker oeases whenever the powerful o : m doviso a plan of spoliation which leaves tbo relativo iorces of tho spoliators the aiune as before It is thus tho world has Been the partition of Poland—that most iniquitous , most ccckratc spoliation tho world has ever witnessed . The balancing system would have protectod . Poland from absorption by one power , but it has uot protected it from partition between threorival powers . Formerly separate leagues bctwoen several states have been formed as a protecting burner against the awtition of a single powerful oppressor . la tbe caso of Poland the world saw with con-Bternation , a confederacy of great powers formed to nprna .

      trato those very acts ol spoliation which hitherto had been prevented by eimilar means . I thereforo am cortainly no m 5 ° i bM ? lh false ** m ? of *! 0 iitic ! llbaliinco of Power , thr ° doTn ftSn'ffi ? JiS . « fflSfI * tbiit Mo 1 * ^ right will be restored to taeoSSt , ^« lK iifpsgllsii your o \ vn Republic , as indeed Russia is . Sr the Tl of n , tioi . smuSt havo its full weight of authorig' £ \ Ucast he balance cf power must bo redressed ; eke that pow " ( Russia ) which already sucoseded to commnnd those noyernments which formerl y constituting the elements 1 5 the balancing power , counter-balanced her overwhelming dm . ponderance , will , of course , become the master and Brhlt « .

      ot tho world . And there wo are already arrived at this very poml . Russian intervention in Hungary has not only cruaaed the law of nations , but has iu the same time , beyond any moasuro , aggrandized tho preponderance of Kussia , and overthrown entirely in her favour tho balanco ot power on earth . Tuoro ia tho immense danger , gentlemen , tho instinctive apprehension of which has caused that the sympathy of tho world burst forth in a cry of universal indignation at Hungary s unwarrantable overthrow—at Hungary ' s unmerited tall . 1 lie petty oaros of daily domestic concerns , and tha carelessness congenial to those who feel content with their

      present condition , havo caused that tho world looked at our deadly wrestling with two Emperors but as we look to a classical drama , interesting by the complications of situation and by the heroism it displays ; t ' uo feelings of emotion were certainly engaged on tho part of the spectators of ouv temble atnfo , as they would bo engaged at a skilful representation of the remarkable siege of anoient Syracuse and tho heroic defence of its inhabitants against tho mighty power of Marcelliw , opposed by the civic rulers of n desperato people , and by tho devotion of Atehmidesemploying the results of his eoiontifici contemplations to the protection , of his fatherland—however , it wus but tho emotion of anxious sympathy with which the terrible conflict in IIunf ? arv

      was viewed . After some allusions to the noble oouduct of tlio Turkish government , be added : " To appreciate wholly 110 danger of Kussian ambition , wo must well understand , the- special direction of Russian policy in its design ? , as well as in its menus . No man familiar with the hictory of the last ono hundred years is ignorant of tho fact that tho Czars of Russia tako it for thoir destiny to rule tlio world . U ia their hereditary policy , in whioh they aro brought up from generation to generation , till that infatuation becomea ft part of thoir charactor . To come to that aim of Russian power , having largo dominions in Europo and in Asia Russian preponderance is al .-o stepping forth with diplomatic skill and with arms , with protocols , emissaries and with war , m two directions , westward anl eastward , against Lurope and . against Asia . As to Eurono . S

      laving completed ner arrondigscment on the Ba ' tic--her covert aim is partly direct conquest and partly sovereign proponderanco-dircct conquest ho far as the shwe race » spread , which tbe Czars desire to unite under heir dosno 10 sceptres . To come to that aim , the £ >!? 5 Uomanous has started the idea of Pnnslavi i , tho idea of union 01 tlie Slavish nationalitv-under llii in !« Tu ifcJE Wi ^ Lw ^

      Shvo ri w ' h S V-Tf 811 r " ° ' and now iti 8 tba Suoh wZ thJti , ° ° . ul 0 ! illd t 0 niast 01 ' tllc wovlJ - vSice . r n ti ,. ? t m ai ° lLlvel \ Prid ° by which Russia adthe miscfiiS , 1 Ill , nbltwa » sc 1 BrnL ' - r will now not tpeak of onlv fi ? f / f ? ! S ' ^^ d t 0 d « in that respect ! I will diiorf dftml " f ' ? . ' ambition of Uussia « " » tha dtect dominion of Europo so far as it is inhabited by tho S * '' . . slightest knowledge of scography is suffi . c ont to make it understood that this would lesuchanaccesfiion to thc power of Russia , that united under tiio iron rula of one man s despotic trill , tho independence of the rest of Europe , should even Russia prudently decline . 1 direct COn 3 . UO ! 0 / ifc . wuld . bo but a mockery ; and the C S omnipotent

      orer it-ns indeed he is near to be already sunh -at least on the Continent . As to Asia , RusMa KhS to the ambition of becoming tho autocra of lt L ? douhiJ consideration . Firstly , by tjio possesiion of i 2 own \ m mensely large Asiatic territory , and of the nm \ i « i «^« f i ?" Bla , k and Caspian bo . s , the outlet $ ZSThS& pointing out by their cour .-o ths direction for Ru ai . 1 rnm mrroo , industry aud activity ; 9 nd secondly ffi . £ to becomo the master of Asia , becauso . h « T . i « 5 ? founded in immediate neighbourho ! and Tn rtttMd ha - tion to Russian interests , a nilSS ' r » S « f ° " ° , pOn " Anglo-Saxon , bo miehty and mfnlf JJ t \ P ° W ' er f or the ssssfea SSEs and evenovor En ? r « l ' u u - doiDlnionover the world as the AnS & W 0 Uld ^ ° a short ureai " . ° lon iron Asia ? hi . T 0 thre' ^ ened her vsQLexistenofl irom Asia , the more , becaueo now , jmftfSl&in ( fri

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      * ^ TSIICE—IMMUTABLE , U 5 ITEBSAL , ETERXAI ! ENGLAND DISHONOURED .

      c ; -a ma & >? liberty to know , to utter , and to areua freel y accord-• , jo coa >« ence ' a 00 VE ^ lihtrties . —Miltos . Jiie visitor to the British Museum cannot bat adjnire the gorgeous gates and elegaut palisade nov , - BCnrin ? completion , and ia course of effacing the jaj ' t vestiges of that dingy and discreditable-locking dead wall , so Jong an eye-sore to all lovers of our pationa ! repository of forei gn treasures and relics oi ancient States . Outside , and some feet distant from the above line of granite and gilt easting , is a slialri . v

      looking bar of Srca , supported by dwarf posts of tlio gauic material , and on each of which is perched the jjfrare of an animal , which to be appreciated must be sm This euigniatical-looking brute is fixed in tbe attitude of a whipped cur , with au expression of c 3 nntenaiice something ] between that of a sickjnonkey aud an ill-tempered but toothless cat . To vonr horror , you discover on closer investigation that this praeious creation of native genius' is set up to pass n « uster as a ( burlesque ) copy of the far-famed British Lion !

      Bubee's celebrated exclamation : ' Tho Age of Chivalry is gone . !' . was . ( although he knew it ° not ) rather ihe utterance of a prophecy than tho affirmation of a fact . In a certain sense , evea as regarded hi 3 own time , Bueke was correct . That * false chi valry which in 'the good old times' fanaticised tho millions to cast themselves beneath the wheeU of the Juggernaut of Royalty had expired—at least in the country which was tho subject of his ' reflections . * But that truo chivalry was not dead in France , was proved by the Thennopalsen devotion with which her sons inarched to death for the safety of their country and the glory of the Republic . On this side of the channel too was

      exhibited a not Ies 3 heroic , though far less enlightened , chivalry . Ths volunteers , eager to meet the invader , thc , prodigality v / itii which blood and treasure were poured forth , and those unparalelled sea-victories achieved by our gallant £ ? amen , shewed how ' undegenerato' was thai the spirit of bur people . But v . ow ! I will not speak of unhappy France . Enough to contemplate our own less excusable humiliation . We are not transfixed io the earth by half n million of bayonets , yet we submit to the witlieriu-r disgrace of being ruled by incapaliles and charlatans —sometimes Whig , sometimes Tory ; we submit to the rule of political shufflers and bartered of the natioDal honour . jJerby rules the Cabinet , Dishaeli the Senate , and JL \ i . MES 3 rcfiY ' doesbusiness for foreign tyrants and assassins , to our degradation and burning shame . The lion (?) of the Museum but too faithfully symbolises the actual front and attitude , the moral and physical aspect of Grande Bretagne ! To all appearance superannuated and imbecile , the British Lion haa degenerated to eome unnatural and humilir . t . ing combination of the ape , the cat , and the cur . Truly , ' the Age of Chivalry is gone 1 ' Last Monday the attention of the House of Commons was occupied by 'lord'John Eusseli and other speakers of his party , while he and they detailed tho discreditable acts of the existing ministers since their elevation to office . * Lord' John ' s leading accusation tras fouu'Jsd upon tbocase of Mr . Mat / jeh , so brutally cut down by an Austrian rufiian in the Btreets of Florence . With the masterly baud of an old operator the Ex-Premier dissected the statesmanship of the 'Earl of Maimesbury , and proved him to be the most incapable , or the most anti-national of ministers that ever held tho seals of the Foreign-office . But , contented with the expose they had made , ' Lord ' Johx Russell and his backers stopped short , and declined to commit the House of Commons to a vote condemnatory of the Government ' s Foreign Policy and Malmesburv ' s disgraceful performance of the duties of Foreign Secretary . Not the national honour , but tho interests of faction wero io be subserved , and thereforo ' Lord * Jons Russell contented himself ¦ with a speech which mighthave preceded a motion for impeachment , but which ended , as it vmsintended to do , in—nothing . If this kind of Govornmeut and Opposition—worthy of each other— can find tolerance on tha part of the people , it will prove to the world , maca better than Ledku Rollix could hope to prove , that the * Decline of England ' has not only commenced , but is in rapid courso of consummation ; and will shew that for another Gibbox there will soon be ample materials to delineate tho couiinencement , progress , and completion of England ' s fall . The facts in relation to Mr . Mather ' s case have been so often before Parliament , and stated through the Press , that the briefest outline of those facts rn : iy here suffice .

      At the end of the month of December , 1851 , two young men of the name of SIather , one aged nineteen , the other seventeen , ( sons of Mr . Mather , of South Shields , a man well-known and highly respected on the banks of the Tyns ) , being j n a crowded street at Florence , and having , in their attempt to cross the street , met a detachment of an Austrian regiment and its regimental band—the elder received a blow upon the back , next a severe blow upon the face , and before he recovered from this unlooked for assault , he was cut down with the sword of one of the Austrian assassins , by whom he hail been previously struck .

      His skull was laid open , and for some time his life was in danger / Mr . Mather ' s only offence was that while crossing the street , which was very much crowded , be passed between a body of Austrian trcopB and their band of music . It ' has been asserted by the Austrians that Mr . Mather put himself in a ' boxing attitude . Even if he did so , it was , as his brutal assailants admit , after he had bean struck with the flat of a sword , and had also received a blow in the face . If he then put himself into an attitude of

      defence , he but followed the natural instinct of an Englishman , and did perfectly right . Admitting that -Mr . Matueh was twice struck , before he made even a show of resistance , Marshal Radetzsky insists that Lieutenant FobStuber did perfectly right in drawing his sabre and cutting the young man to tho ground . According to this old butcher , Radetzsky , this greyheaded aa 3 assin literally drenched with human blood , it would have been dishonourable for the Austrian lieutenant to have risked receivin g a blow from an

      unarmed man ; while it was not only honourable , but according to tho rules of the Austrian service , that the epaulettedruman Bhoold makeuse of his sword to assail one who had not the means of injuring him . If such are the rules of tho Austrian service , they are the rules of a gang of cowardly assassins ; and that minister who allows his countryman to be treated in accordance with such rules , or who fails to insist upon the most complete atonement , is a cowardly betrayer of his country ' s honour , and a disgrace to the name of Englishman .

      Mr . Mather senior , applied for redress to Lord Grasville , then foreign minister , who instructed Mr . Scarlett , acting secretary to the British legation at Florence , to see that inqury was made into tho matter by the Tuscan Government , and that justico was obtained . Immediately afterwards the Whigs resigned , and Malmeseurt the memorable ( his disgraceful tena of otacc will long be rememcred ' . ) was appointed secretary for foreign affairs . To do his ' Lordsbip' and his precious despatches justice , I should require two or three columns . On the 4 th of March Mr . Mather senior , had an interview with tha Earl of Malmesbury . when he was asked what

      reparation he considered he was entitled to receive . Mr . Mather replied that he wanted no compensation for the injury done to his son , but srp iation for the insult offered to his conntry . Tho ' noble' secretary , who was evidently inteuded by nature for tbe occupation of pedlar , chandler , pawnbroker , or somo such lofty calling , inpted that there was nothing like golden ointment for Jeaiiag a wound , and required Mr . Mather to name a sum . Thereupon Mr . Mather , feeling himself compelled to take the course suggested by tho guardian of England ' s honour , named the sura of five - a J «» - »««» w *» vuv sum \/ A XI w

      * pouaand pounds . Lord Malmesbury made no ob-. lechoa , and so ths interview terminated . Lord ^ iWESiiUiiT then wrote to Mr . Scarlett intimating ^ Jr . Matheu ' s claim , but adding thereto that' Her - ujesty ' s Government considered tbat sum greater urn they ought to demand P In a subsequent despatch , Lord MMMsnranr spoke of Mr . Mather ' s waJV \ * OTWtan V aMing that Mr . Scarlett m , tf possible , to get five hundred pounds . It would i , ln T ? to noto the contraritiea of language em-^ b y-Her MAJESir ' s Foreign Secretary ? but tha d W W"T ? J s more thm connterbalanced by Pmt ol lhe ' ° We lord . ' To abridge a lon » and

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      could get on much b « tter in ths " good old limes , " wlie they had no Press , except'h- gov « mneitorg'n , ntoSbring to the happy subjects of the paternal Kaiser tl . o weekly account of those imprisoned and flogged by order of the military courts . It is true in those days the rest of tho world looked upon the Austrinn empire as a barharous unknown country ; but it was not tbo business of Ihe world to be acquainted with the state of tjie Emperor ' s inheritance ; it was , and will again be , his fatherly c » ro to prevent his mbjeefs being tainted by the " subversive doctrines " of other nations . ¦

      Prussia follows in the ffftkecfAiutria . A new law , imposing a stamp duty on newspapers , was promulgated in Berlin on the 7 th of the present month . The scale varies , according to sizo and frequency ot' publication , from four silver groschen a year for each subscribed copy to two thalew fifteen groschen , or about 7 s . Cd . Foreign journals pay a duty of ten per cent , on the price at the place of publication , which will bo included in the subscription paid at the postoffioe , the authorities of which establishment are tho great

      news-agents . The German governments seem determined to extinguish the Press . If they do not receive a check , they will attempt todestroy German literature altogether . Those who know this intellectual " people , will readily agree with me that the attempt will not be successful , and that the present system of compression will not b « of long continuance . HESSE CASSEL . An order has been issued for tho disarmament of thecivio and urban guards throughout the Electorate . SAXONY . The " Gazette " of the 9 th inst . contains nn ordinsne opening a naw fouf per cent , state loan of 5 , 850 , 000 thaWs '

      ITALY . Edward Murray a Case—The Neapolitan State Trial * , d-c , Ac ., ROME . —According to the Roman correspondence of the Paris " CotiBtitutionnal , " of the 4 th inst ., Ths samr . date as our own correspondence received and published on Saturday , Edward Murray " will probably be executed with his accomplices . " NAPLES . —Tha trial of forty-five sfate prisoners is now being proceeded with . It i . s conducted abont as fairly as state trials usually are in Naples , that is to say the charge * are still pressed , notwithstanding scarce one of' the numerous witnesses for the Crown have hnd the face to appear to verify in public the falsehoods they had secretly bwoiii to .

      One of the most glaring instances of the means used to incriminate the accused oame out from a soldier , a certain Carpentieri , brother of the celebrated paid denouncer of tbat name . He stated that on the 14 th and 15 th of May ha had 6 een all the prisoners formin . u aud fighting at the barricades ( one of the accused M . Leopordi was at Turin at that time . ) After this assertion a prisoner . M . Vi 3 cusi , rose and presented the court with " a certificata of semce , " signed by the colonel of this witnesses ' s regiment , and General Saluzgt , which proved that the soldier Cnrpentiori , on tho M 4 i and 15 th of May , w ;> s on duty in the barracks ! Tho court was obliged to aocept this document ; , because it was a military doelar » tion . Another witness declared ho had saea ono of thc prisoners kill fifty Swi-s soldiers on tho 15 th of May , whoroupon tho acoused reminded tho court that tho official report stated that only fovty-fivo SwiBS had fallen oa that day .

      buoh in the chancier of most of tho evidence brought forwards by tho crown . Whether any or all of tha aooused under trial did or did not take part in the events of May loth 18 a question ; ono thing , however , is quite certain , tliat tlio means employed to prove their guilt , is the most degrading and illegal that could be employed in & court of justice-. r PIEDMONT . -In its sitting of the Oth , tha Chamber of Deputies of Turin adopted the bill for tho calling out 0 , 000 moa of the class of 1831 , bv sixty-nine votes to tfiu ty * siXt

      ¦ 1 * USCAl j \ . —The Marquis Bartolommei lms been exiled from Tuscany for a year , his sentence of imprisonment having been omrauted , after sti investieation which shows that lw was entrappod , possibly by the ' polioe , into taking onargo of forbidden papers , ° f « iTS ?« q « * 1 *} S bearin tl 10 nftmes ol tbe Tusoans wh <> nn « i » h- 1 1 ghtlng a !? ainsfctho Auatriansin Lombard ) ' , the Hofy h ^ rszitz ^ Tt T w of Florence . The council reminTtho go ^ nm ^ ffi ^ Blabs wero erected at tho expense , not ° of thS « 2 to , bm of tha citizens and remain their property . Tho table 3 if obtained , will bo placed in the chapol of tho civic counCi

      National Rally in Keucliatel . Oa the 7 th inst . tho federal flag of Switzerland was brought from B ; sle to Neuchatel , and set up with groat ceremony at tho latter placa in tho miilBt of a square formed of Swiss officers . The Major of the rifle corps of Neuehatel addressed the officers , and called upon thorn to remuia true to the flag , promising that , if necessary , the Federal government would assist them in maintaining then indepciidonoe . A large crowd had assembled to witness tho ceremony .

      DENMARK . The Banish government has refused to acknowledge , and has pronounced null and void , all the loans , whether forced or voluntary , contracted by the provisional governments which administered tho affairs of Schleswig-Holstein during 13-18 , and until the restoration of tho authority of tho sovereignty in the Duchies . This act has produced a great sensation , as the government of the Statthaltcrsobaft wns rocognised by tho Frankfort Diet , and tho stook wa 3 considered at Hamburg as legitimate ns any upon the bourse , Tho patents annulling these loana aro published by the Copenhagen journals .

      HOLLAND . The election for the partial renewal of tho states general took place on tho 8 th inst . In seventeen of the twenty-two constituencies the returns of it have come to hand , the Liberals have triumphed ; in four the opposition havo returned thoir candidatos . ALGIERS . Lotters of the 6 tli inst from Bona state that th c Ouled-Dams , a tiibo iu the neighbourhood of Ghelma , hav e riaea and attacked a camp of workmen , who wero constructing a khan at Ain-Sonda . The camp was attacked at two houra after midnight . 4 oantoniSro and two aoldicra of tho 10 th were killed . Ghelma being unfurnished with fcrooDB was menaced by a body of a thousand Arabs . Tho militia were armed , and slept on the ramparts until military sueoour arrived from Bona . An engagement ensued between 400 sent in aid from Bena and the Arabs , in which somo loss was sustained on the side of the French .

      UNITED STATES . OUR AMERICAN CORRESPONDENCE . Opening of the Democratic National Convention at Baltimore —Ohio Women ' s Rights Convention—Kossuth ' s l'rogress—Reception of Ikagher—Ravages of Cholera in ( he West—Fighting in California . ( From our own Comspondint . ) New York , June 4 th . The Humboldt will leave this port to-morrow . I havo but li tlo intelligence to send you likely to bo interesting to European readors . Tho all absorbing question now asitating tho American mind is tho approachin" presidential election .

      I have received by electrio telegraph the latest intelligence of the proceedings of tl ; c Democratic National Convention , for tho nomination of candidates for thc presidency , ut Baltimoro . It was opened ou the 1 st inst ., when the Hon . It . M . Saunders , of North Carolina , was appointed Chairman pro tern ., and the Hon . John W . Davi * , of Imliani , permanent President . Both belong to tlio Douglas party . Young America has it all her her own wr . y ine success Of Douglns -is considered certain ; but no decision has yet been como to , An immenso number of delegates aro in attendance , and members of both Houses of

      Congress are present in considerable force . Amongst the strangers is a member of your aristocracy Lord Whamchffe . It would seem that , like his predecessor in tlio representation of of the West Itidiop of Yorkshire , Lord Morpeth , now Earl of Carlislo , Lord 'Wharnclitfe is desirous of obtaining a correct knowled ge of the Republican Society of America by mingling in the public life of our people . A Womens Rights Convention was held at Massilon , Ohio , last week . A large number of earnest men and women wero in attendance , and the discussions wore animated and protracted through several days . Resolutions , declaratory of tho political and social equality of men and women , wore adopted . ¦

      L-ossuth continues to be rocoived with unabated enthusiasm . Governor Martin , of Now Hampshire , has espoused tus cause . You will find a oorrect report of his last great speech in that excellont journal , tho " New York Tribune , " herewith inolosed , T . P . Meagher , the Irish patriot , has also been enthusiastically reoeived . > The cholera is very prevalent in somo of our western cities , particularly at La Salle , Illinois , and at Sew Orleans , whore great nurabors have been swept off by this scourge .

      Important news has been received from South California . A battle with the Indians has taken place , and thoir chief been killed .

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      ! —S * =- ^ " *** Jr > ¦¦¦ vT ^ fiAd ^ Ki garo wiM 7 JW 1 Tn I . "T ¦ ihhm ¦ ———

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      M ' painful story , Mr . Scarlett wound the negotia thgreatnessthe - —; „ — —» ., — rr-r , . 1 . lo . 7 . LPOK , SATURDAY , JUNE 19 , 1852 . "' y ^ 5 Sgg ^ VSSr-Vainful storv . Mr . Scarlett ivnnnii nn + » . « ,,,, ~ ,. % « :.. « , „„ ..,.,. .. * -, . ; .. ... . . . ¦ 11 .

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), June 19, 1852, page 1, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1683/page/1/