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Northern Star (1837-1852), 5th June 1852, Edition 1 of 2, Page 6, Untitled Article

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    • ©o^operatibe (K^otticle,
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      Untitled Article

      make that opportunity M , if either foreign « interference is SToV &e interfering foreigners ~ ed at home ( Much applause . ) The revolution of 1 S 48 has revealed Md developed the warlike spirit of Italy . Except a few Wealthy proprietors already rery unmnuential , the most singular unanimity exists bo-h as to aim and to means . There is no shade of difference of opinion either as to what is to be done , or how to do it , All are unanimous in their demotion to the Union and Independence of Italy , with France or against France , by the sword , at all sacrifices , without compromise ; they are bent on renewing over and over aeain , ihe battle with that coafidence that even without aid they will triumph in the long run . ( Cheers and prolonse'l applause . ) The difficulty in Ital y is not how to make a Revolution , but how to prevent its untimely outbreak : and still even in that respect there is sueh a com-. lem w *!! tt £ aftEi

      plete discipline as the world never yet has seen . In Home , Romasna , Lombar . ly , Venice , SicUy , and all middle Italy iLere exists an i : ivsiUe government , whose influence is everywhere discernible . ( Applause . ) It has eyes and hands in all dej > : i ] -: meats of publie service , in all classes of society— : t . ha # its ttses voluntarily paid—its force organised —us poVrcs—its newspapers regularly printed and circu . atfJ , ihousli ihe possession of a single copy would send the holder to the galleys . The officers of the existing government convejs the missive ) of the invisible government—the diligences transport its agents . One line from one of these agents opens to you the galleries of art on prohibited days , gives you the protection of uniformed officials , and , if you find no place at a diligence office , determines the director to send a supplementary carriage . The chief of police

      avowed openly to Cardinal Antonelli , thatformerlytttepalace watched and spied , but now the palace itself is watched and spied , and punished terribly , inexorably , if it dares to interfere with the orders of the invisible government which never fails to be punctually obeyed . ( Applause . ) This is the condition of all Italy , is shown on one side in the fact that the King of Naples holds fettered in dungeons 25 , 000 patriots , and Radetzkv —( shame , shame )—has sacrificed nearly 40 , 000 political martyrs on the scaffold —{ hear , hear ) —and still the scaffold continues to be watered with blood , and still the dungeons receive new victims , evidently proving what spirit there exists in the peopl ; of Italy . ( Applause . ) And etill Americans doubt that we ire on the eve of a terrible rerolu ion , and tley ask what use can I make of any material aid , when Italy is a barrel of powder

      which the alighest spark can light , and Italy is the left wing cf tha army of Liberty of which Hungary is the right . ( Applause and cheers ) In reBpect to foreign rule Germany U more fortunate than Italy . From the times of the treaty ofYerdnn , when it separated from France and Paly , through the long period of more than a thousand years , no foreign power ever hns succeeded to rule over Germany , such is the resistive power of the German people to guard its national existence . The tyrants who swayed over them were of their own blood . But to 3 ubdue German liberty those tyrants were always anxious to introduce foreign institutions . First they aw ' ept away the ancient Germanic right—this common law , so dear to the English and American—this eternal barrier against the encroachments of despotism , and substituted for it the iron rule of

      the imperial Roman lair . And again , when the French , under their Emperor , whose genius comprehend everything except freedom , extended their moral BWay over Germany , when the princes of Germany thronged around the foreign des ; : ot , begging kingly crowns from the son of the Gorsican lawyer , with whom the Emperors were happy to form matrimonial alliances—with the man who had no other ancestor ^ than his genius—then it was again the people , which did not join in the degradation of its rulers , but jealous to maintain their national independence , turned the foreigner out , though his name was Napoleon . Other nations , now and then , were great by some great men—the German people was always great by itself . ( Applaw . ) But the German princes cannot bear independence

      and liberty ; they had rather themselves become slave 3 , the underlings of the ICzar , than to allow that their people should enjoy some liberty . An alliance was therefore formed , which they blasphemously called the holv alliance—« rith the avowed purpose to keep the people down . Hather than to acknowledge the rights of Hungary , they bowed before the Czir , and gava up the independence of the Austrian throne ; they become the underlings of a foreign power , rather than allow that one of the peoples of the European Continent should become free . Since tho fall of Hungary , Russia is tha real Sovereign of all Germany ; for the first time Geramiy has a foreign roaster and you believe thai Germany will boar that in tbo Ifineteenth Century whioh it never vet has borne . Bear that

      in her manhood which it never has borne in its childhood . Soon after , and through the fall of Hungary , the pride of Prussia was humiliated . Austrian garrisons occupied Hamburg ; Sehleswig-IIoIttein was abandoned , Ilessia was Chastised , and all that is dear to the Germans purposely affronted . Their dreams of greatness , their longing for unity , their aspirations of lthcrty , were trampled dowa Mo the dust , and ridicule was thrown upon everv elevation of mind , npon every revelation of patriotism , " ilaBsenpfiu ? , convicted of forgery by the Prussian Courts , became Minister in Ilessli , the once out-lawed Sehwarzeuberg , and Bach a renegade Republican , Ministers of Austria . The churchyard piece of oppression , which tyrants , under tho name of order , are trying to enforce upon the world , has for its guardians but oui-lawcd reprobates , forsers and renegades . ( Anpiause . ) Gentlemen , the German Princes bow before the Czar , but tho German people will never bow before am \ ( Applause . ) Let me sum op tne philosophy of the present condition of Germany in these fey words : 1 S 43 i

      and M ' . have proved ttat { he little tyrants of Germany cannot stani by themselves , buc only by their reliance upon Austna . and Prussia . These again , cannot stand by themselves , but only by their relirmre upon Russia , ' lake this reliance away , by maintaining the laws of nations anainst the principle of interference-and the joint powers of America and Ea . sland can maintain i !> ° in —( applause ) -. nd all the despotic Governments , reduced to stand by their own resources of power , must fall before the never vet subdued spirit of the people of Germany , like rotten fruit touched by a gale . ( Applause . ) Let me now speak about tne condition of my own dear native land . ( Cheers and prolonged applause . ) Kossuth then proceeded to review the several classes of the Hungarian people , and showed that worn the sentiments of patriotism and dutv , and even from self-interest one and all of his * people are the inexorable enenies to Austrian rtle He then proceeded to trace the course of the Hanganan Revolution , and showed the benefits it conferred upon the peopl ? without injury to anv clas 9 . He then ma .

      ceeded to speak of " Turkey , the country of municipal institutions , the country of religious toleration . ( Applause . ) P ^ . ^ en it extended its sway over Transylvania and fialfof Hungary , never interfered with the way in which tne inhabitants chose to govern themselves ; she allowed even that those who lived within her dominions , collected there the faxes voted by independent Hungary , with the aan to make war against the Porte . While in the other parts of Hungary , Protestantism was oppressed by the Austrian policy , and the Protestants several times compelled to take vp arms for the defence of religious liberty in Transylvania , tinder the sovereignty of the Porte , the Unitarians got political rights , and Protestantism grew op under the nrotecting wings of the Ottoman pSwer . Vhe rLpecMJr municipal instimuons is so deeply rooted in the minds of the Turks , that at the time when they became masters of the Danubian provinces of Moldavia and Wallachw , they voluntarily excluded themselves from all political rights in the newly acquired provinces , and on to thenresent rtav .

      tney do not allow that a morque Bhould be built , that a Turk should dwell and own landed property across the Danube . They do not interfere with the taxation or with the internal administration of these provinces ; and the last organic law of the Empire , the Tanzimat , is nothing but the re-declaration of the rights of munici palities , guarantee . ^ . i , « wilW **» « B J »!» & 5 encroachment of the Pachas . While Czar Sicholas is about to convert the Protetantpopulation of Livonia andEstland , byforcean 1 by SMT ^ ' to the Greek CbUTch - the liberal Sultan , ££ 2 £ ? IIdt 8 ? Ilfai S ? i hghm Hbwty to a ! 1 «*«* protestan tism . Kossnth then proceeded to re » ipw and contrast the Turkish and RussL EmpW aT Lrfs

      wr ar iikude . position and power , and showed that Turkey SilTTnl * ? ^ e Masters she had experienced " pi vious t . > 30 . Twenty-four years ago Turkey was believed to oe la a decays state ; it is now stronger than it fias been for the last hundred fyeara . After some further observations relative to Russia , Eossuth said , Iamoften told , let oalv the time oome when the Republican banner JffSn ?*^?* ° !?' tlM We ^ all see what Ami ncawilldo . ( Applause . Cries of "Yes . " ) Well » entle-«™ L Mo ma 5 » C ^ e lw > kte t 0 be « ndered beneficial . Bemember ' 4 S and ' 49 . This is my last meeting "Whatever may be my fete , so much I can say , that the name of Boston and Massachusetts will remain a dear word and a dear name , not only to me but to my people for all time . fe lK * f fate ' *? » w 3 tb * Iasfc breath of »» y 1 & ^ t u Pr fl ? God thafche may bless you , and landfor , n ^ " ? countr y- and Mew Vjour lour wL ™ ? T tlme and f 0 the eBd ° f time ; that your freedom-and prosperity may still develon and « Ow d Md

      HEU « l , V v ' - that one stay « d was so great that the committee , himself and suite were ? 11 ° 4 « femainJn the "rtwtannber fora considerable length of tune . Thus ended the last Kossuth meeting in Boston . °

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      23 ~ "We shall be glad to receive Reports of Progress from Managers or Secretaries of Co-operative Associations and Stores , in Eng land , Ireland , Scotland and Wales .

      THE WORKING TAILORS' ASSOCIATION LONDON . ( Bt its late Secretary . ) A CHAPTER TOWARD THE ASSOCIATIVE HISTORY ,. CONCLUSION . At the conclusion of our last , we had arrived at the virtual dissolution and reformation of the Castle St . Association . The Cooper-haters—for I cannot call them Cooperators—who bad been ejected by the votes of their own fellow-worker , never let slip an opportunity of reviling the Association , and especially its Manager , whom they denounced as a tyrant ; they did not gain much public sympathy , however , and were soon lost sight of , though not

      before they had succeeded in prejudicing some of the working men against the Association and its Manager . Some few of them held together and fonned a new Association , appointing the leader of them to be their Manager—poor fellow ! One could not have prayed a worse punishment for him , or a more unfortunate benefaction to fall upon him ! They did not cling together long , but broke up , calling each other sorry names ; and poor Benny ! be was denounced worse than Cooper . Many false statements were circulated regarding their leaving the Working Tailors ' Association none more damaging than the one averring that they had been robbed ol the fruits of their accumulated labour ; which was simply a lie ! Seeing that each man received his full share of the profits earned while he was a member , over and above his weekly earnings , leaving the Association—worth about as much as its liabilities

      amounted to ! Various statesments of this kind were sent to the Press ; among other journals I may mention the "Leader , " the "Northern Star , " "Eliza Cook ' s Journal , " &c . ; these were received with caution . The various Editors applied to us at the Association for our report of tbe affair , which we furnished , so that they had both versions to judge by ; in each case , save one this had the effect of determining them not to publish it in print . The one illustrious exception was Mr . Ernest Jones . At this time

      he had began to manifest hiB strange , unwarranted , and suicidal opposition to the Co-operative Movement . Without consulting Walter Cooper , or an ; other parties connected with the Association—without knowing anything of the quarrel or the men , save from a Mr . Harris , one of the ejected , Mr . E . Jones inserted in his journal ( the "Notes of the People" ) all the atrocious lies and dastardly insinuations which that worthy furnished him with , without inquiring as to their veracity , or caring for their trustworthiness . How unlike the honourable conduct of the Editors

      previously mentioned ! And this from a presumed friend of the working classes ! and because we did not think it worth while to reply to the malignant mis-representations , and dastardly lies of that despicable Harris , Mr . Jones endorsed them , and proclaimed them to be true . So that it followed , that any infamous statement made in bis paper , which might be thought too vile and contemptible for denial in the coloumns of the " Christian Socialist , " must inevitably he true . Excellent Logic ! " A Daniel come to judgment . " And why were Mr . Harris ' s statements not replied to ? Because , at Cattle-Street , he waB known for a

      drunken and disreputable person . The last time be had been seen there he was in a beastly state of intoxication ; which supplied him with the courage (?) necessary to bally and insult . Such was the man whose statements Mr . Ernest Jones printed , and whose cause he undertook to champion . But , this was only on a par with the whole of that person ' s proceedings with regard to the Co-operative Movement , Again and again did he make the most reckless assertions ; and in spite of all the evidence adduced and adducible to the contrary , he ignored the facts , and still gave forth his version for the genuine one , heedless of bow much such conduct might injure M $ reputation for veracity \

      In one place he triumphantl y asserts , " I always averred that ihe very spirit of incarnate selfishness was in your plan of Co-operation . " Did you ? And pray in what does this incarnate selfishness consist ? The Central Agency divides profits with its customers , and you cannot prove to the contrary , Sir ! In the Associations they have alw ays shared equally , whether they were associates or auxiliaries ! And you cannot prove to the contrary , Sir ! One of the laws provides , that when we have repaid the borrowed Capital , one-third of our net profits , be they ever so large , shall go to the general Associative Pund to assist others . Now , if we had been so utterly aslfisb , we should not have made such earnest endeavours to pay off this Capital—first , because that would entail upon us the gWint away of a goodly

      portion of our profits , for the benefit of others ; and , secondly , if we bad retained the £ 150 already repaid , we might have considerably enlarged our business . Another of our laws provides , that if the Association be broken up from any other cause than insolvency , four-fifths of the whole property shall be given up to the general fund of As-ociatior . s . This is a check against that grasping- selfishness , which , on the principle , that should the skies fall , it would catch larks , might break up the Association for the value of its profits , and kill the goose to get tbe golden egg . This is not very like ihe spirit of incarnate selfihness . And again , how coarsely and unscrupulously Mr . E . Jones traduced the men who took the bold initiative in the Cooperative Movement ; how he maligned their motives ; and yet , how ignorant he was about them . He asserted that tbe supportwe have received was , in nine cases out of ten , the concession of Thieverv to Fear , and of Avarice to

      Ostentation ! And this was applied to the men who had bravely stepped from their ranks the inheritors of riches and luxury , to do battle for trampled Labour , and in its name challenge Competition , the Goliah of Capital , to combat I—This was applied to the men who had given us the hand of brotherhood on the common ground of our humanity , and nobly and resolutely set about realising the schemes they cherished for our emancipation and redemption 1—This was applied to the men . whom hundreds of the working men of London had learned to know and to love , and whom Mr . £ . Jones did not know ! Is not such conduct calculated to disgust the men who may have put their hand to the good work , and to impede for years the reign of those glorious ideas which we yet think to translate into actual every-day life-Liberty , Equality , and Fraternity ? Why , such policy and action as this of Mr . E . Jones could not . possibly triumph , tmlesB the rest of the nation were exterminated , and he and

      his clique were left alone ia their glory ; when they would inevitable devour each other ! I cannot glean from the writings of Mr . Ernest Jones that he has any honest and tangible complaint to substantiate against this Co-operative Movement—no earnest desire to set it right wherein it may have been wrong , ner any competent plan for doing so on the contrary , he haB been only too eager to propagate any falsehood , still clinging to it when refuted . He has seized upon the most miserable pretences to attack it , and put the most iquinting constructions upon our words and actions , with the most palpable intent to damage and to damn . He would marshal a brilliant array of magniloquent words and sounding sentences ; but as for the matter of any clear thought , he would continually fly off at a tangent ! Now

      , this epileptic style , or hysterical sublime , won ' t do with uswe have had a surfeit of it-its a "departed coon , " depend upon it ; for other talent is demanded for the discussion of our plans and principles , which have to be wrought out with calm fore-thought and wise consideration , in the light of all our past experiences , and our Movement is not manned and worked by men with whom bombastic balderdash , and blustering bravado is atalllikel yto be successful . OldChartwts and Socialists , farther-seeing , farther-reaching , than Mr . Jones , perhaps , are to be found in the present Co-operative Movement—indeed , the very flower and chivalry of English Democratic workmen , not yet fossilised in the political stagnation , are there , grasping the means within their raore immediate reach , for the enfranchisement of their class : and

      so fat from their not seeing the utility of Political Reform , I dare aver , that they best comprehend tbe value and necessity of such Reform , in effecting the Social Revolution they are engaged in . On looking round for the cause of Mr . E . Jones ' s senseless attacks on thi 3 Movement , one might be led to imagine that he found it was encroaching upon the domains of those agitators , who have no wish for agitation to end , as their occupation would be gone , and that the means of livelihood were daily diminishing , did we not know that Mr . E . Jones was none of these . If it bad been O'Connor , for instance , who had to get up an agitation on purpose to sell his paper , we mi * ht really think this was the fact . But in the case of Mr . Jones we are at a loss to lay our hand on the incentive to his opposition . Nevertheless , in spite of internal quarrels—in spite of the obstacles which new ideas

      always have to encounter—in spite of the sneers and attacks of enemies , and the falling off of friends—in spite of molestation and calumny—and in spite of the abuse and misrepresentation of Mr . E . Jones . the Working Tailors' Association , and the Co-operative Movement generally , have been eminently successful—far more so than was anticipated at starting . At the end of the first year , the Castle-street Association bad done business to the amount of four thousand pounds and upwards ; and at the end of the second year it had doubled that amount ; thus having turned over the Capital which it started with , some twenty-four times in twenty-four months which shows a rapid stroke of business Meanwhile , the men have had the advantage of good wages , steady work , and of being their own masters . The average weekly wages of the London tailors , according to the last census taken , was 14 s . 6 d ., the average of the men in Castle-street has been 23 s ., which , with the inestimable benefit of clean and healthy workshops , demonstrates the immense superiority of Co-operation over Competition .

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      —p—»*—« - ^ — Looking , then , upon what has been done , and the blessings conferred upon hundreds by Associations for production and distribution , we cannot join with those who assert that nothing can be done until the political Revolution be first accomplished . Doubtless , that would be the greatest leverage the people could obtain for the working out of the Social Revolution , if they knew what they wanted , and possessed sufficient unity to obtain it . But let us not decry any honest attempt to emancipate even the few from the grinning tyranny of Capital—any such movement is belter than apathetic suffering and deadly stagnation . Gerald Massey .

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      CENTRAL CO-OrEBATIVE AGENCY . The business of the Agency ia going on most favourably , the principal inconvenience being the want of sufficient room in the premises now occupied for carrying on those operations , rendered necessary by the nature of the business . To secure purity in the articles prepared by the Agency , such as coffee , cocoa , spices , &c , it is necessary they should be ground and prepared on the premises , as it would be most dangerous to entrust them for preparation to those whe are ordinarily employed for that purpose . To do this efficiently , now that the business of the Agency has so increased , requires steam power ; and on the premises at pro sent occupied , there is no room to erect a steam engine ,

      When premises of sufficient size are secured , the Agency will not only be enabled to execute orders with increased efficiency , but also to maaufactuve many articles , such as pickles and sauces , which they are now compelled to sell without being able to guarantee their freedom from adulteration . Mr . Jones having been inrited to explain the principle and method of the Co-operative business in a few of the large provincial towns , would bo glad to receive intimation from such other places as may be desirable to avail themselves of his services . Letters addressed to the Agency will bo attended to .

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      TOWER HAMLETS ELECTION . It is with great pleasure we record the eminently successful progress of William Newton ' s candidature , and , with joyful hope , look forward to the time when he shall be hailed as the Democratic Champion of Labour in what should be the Commons House of Parliament , Not a question affecting either Capital or Labour that he is not thoroughly acquainted with . The return , therefore , of 8 uoh a man to Parliament would refleot the highest"honour on thoso who possessed the good sense and spirit to eleot him . William Kewton has held upwards of forty meetings within the limits of this extensive borough . In the great majority of these meetings a unanimity unparalleled as to his fitness as a representative prevailed . In the remainder , the minority was the most miserably small in the annals of electioneering contests . A number far above 3 , 000 of the electors have already Bigned the requisition inviting him to become their repreBentatire . This number includes men of all shades of religious opinion—all men who wish for free

      auars anu na ppy homes , and men of Democraoy of every degree—that is to say , all stern good men , bent on real freedom tor their fellow men in the shortest possible time . With suoli support and such influenoe , all that is required to ensure triumphant success is , first , that the electors and non-electors , men and women , resident within the borough , favourable to Mr . Newton , should bring their interest to bear in his behalf ; let no eleotor go unsolicited—do not fear asking the same man twice , or even thrice , to the non-residents . If they poaso 8 s > . # iience in the borough , let them wield it unsparingly . Let none imagine he is too poor to do «> f "nog-even the poorest can help . Let the question be agitated m the cellar , the garret , on the shop-board , tho stool , in the workshop , and the factory . Let subscriptions be everywhere raised-whether of poundB , shillings or pence ; for rememker the battle cannot be fought without cost ; and as Democracy , Labour , Civil ana Religious Liberty , hope to receive the reward , so should their advocates find the sinews of war , and thus help the electors wiiS v 6 . l ? g « , the 8 'S ™ torv of returning William Newton to Parliament . Let this be done , ana victory is sure !

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      \ it £ ? ¥ CA c nl ?? , ACCD 3 EI ) OP EMBBZZELMENT .-On Lancashire and Yorkshire Kailway Company , was charged oLin ^ aneU 6 - Bter B u ° rou h Court with having left the company s service with £ 80 , the property of his employers ftni . rST ? .- The p J ri 80 ner was head ^ hier at tho Oldham-roadsta ion , and it was his duty to pay into the S ^ r ' ^ TW ' ^ e money which he re-« Sf Mr rSS , ° n tler £ * 0 1 Priday la 8 '> &e P » 8 oner asted Mr . George Cockerham . the cash eWk of th « < , nnrU

      H « rfSft . h * «? an ? money ' received £ 80 from K&miTSS ^ f . u n silver > and «» remainder in JffiMl * * lt wa 8 the pt T ' dutyto baIance his cash every ten days , or every fortnight , and to enter all sums as soon as they were paid to him . Vhad been di - TfififcJFST t 0 hiS ° T the m fit there was 8 » uiW ^ £ 5 & ^ 2 jijrtt

      prisoner- a books of £ 299 , in addition to thelSo The priinve o ' clo l iehen ^ ff ° «*« SuSta 2 X . .. fc »» 5 took on Saturday morning , when £ 78 19 s . 3 d 1 StaWaSSi : v ^ prison er - defQn « ° . « u tho charge of deficiency in his accounts was one which had toTheTm ^ n f ^ tbMe y ? « aBd wa " wS known to tae company . He was remanded for a week

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      jgrThe Secretaries of Trades' Unions and ofchei bodies associated to protect aud advance the in e rests of Labour , will oblige by forwarding «»«? of Trades ; Meetings , Strikes , Ind Ther fnfo £ ? tion aftectmg tbe social position of the Working Classes . & NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF UNITFD TRADES . 259 , Tottenham-couvt-road , London . " FIAT JUSTITIA , " «¦ If it were possible for the working classes , by combinmamong themselves , to raise , or keep up the general rate of wages , it need hardly be said that this would be a thine not * o be punished , but to be welcomed and rejoiced at . "~ Stuam Mill *

      In consequence of the unanimous decision of tho Trades iii connexion with the Association that the usual Annual Conference Bhould be postponed to a future period , the formal and official business required by the constitution to be transacted was proceeded , with on Whit-Monday . G . A . Fleming , Esq ., Preaident , in tho chair . The Secretary ( Mr . Peel ) read letters from the

      Trades connected with the Association in the followingplaces I—Manchester , Ashton-under-Lyne , Wigan , Heywood , Stockport , Todmordon , Wolverhampton , North wich , Birmingham , Walsall , Darlaston , &c ., &c . Special general meetings of tho above Trades had been held , at which votes had been unanimously passed , that the present Central Committee should be re-elected for the ensuing year , and that Gr . A . Fleming , Esq ., be solicUed to accept the office of President .

      Mr . Fleming stated , that he would accept the appointment with pleasure until the next Conference ; by which time he hoped some gentleman , possessing similar publio influence with the late President , might be induced to accept the honorary appointment . But as he had always been most desirous , and had , as far as was in his power , contributed to promote the objects of the Association , he should not hesitate , under its present peculiar circumstances , to continuo his services in accordance with the desire of the members so unanimously expressed ; and he trusted that before the expiration of another year the Association would assume that position which the excellency of its objeots , and the perseverance of its Executiveso fairly entitled it .

      , The Secretary then brought up the Annual Report , whioh was read , adopted , and ordered to be printed and circulated forthwith . The Cash Balance Sheet for the past year was also brought up , and ordered to be audited . The Conference then adjourned to Wednesday , to receive the report of the auditor . Wbdnksdat , June 2 . —The Conference re-assembled , and after correspondence was read from Nottingham , Wolverhampton , Northwich , Manchoster , < fcc ., the auditor ' s report was brought up and received . It was then resolved : —

      "That this Conference , on behalf of the Trades in connexion with the Assecifition , has to express its unfeigned regret at the resignation of its late President , T . S . Duncombe , Esq ., M . P . The zealous , unremitting , and gonerous exertions of that gentleman , from tho first formation of the Association to the period of his withdrawal , pre-eminently entitle him to the heartfelt and lasting gratitude of the working classes of Great Britain , as the fearless and independent champion of the Rights ofLnbour ; and this Conference , in recording its thanks for his great and valuable services , desires , at the same time , to express its hope that he will long be spared to servo the country at large in the parliamentary career to which he has declared his intention of exclusively devoting himself in future . "

      " That in the name , and on behalf of tho members of the National Association , the best thanks of this Conference are given to the proprietors and editors of tho « Star of Freedom , ' The People ' s Paper , ' Reynolds ' s Newspaper , ' 'The Leader , '« Glasgow Sentinel , ' and the Wolverhampton Herald , . for the valuable support rendered to this Association during the past year , by the gratuitous insertion of its reports , and their generally favourable notices of its operations , "That the thanks of this Conference bo tendered to G . A . Flouring , Esq ., for the able support he has so long and steadfastly rendered to tin Association , not only by his official connexion , but by tho services he has conferred through his connexion with tho Pross ; and by his ready and generous acceptance of the office of President of tho Association for the ensuing year . "

      " Thnt the grateful thanks of tbe National Association of united Trades bo given to tho members , individually and collectivel y , of the London Contral Defence Committee , and its provincial auxiliaries , for their noble , continuous , and disinterested exertions on bohalf of the members or the Central Committee , so wjustly prosecuted and imprisoned with the Wolverhampton Tin Plate Workers , for their spintod endeavours to uphold tlie rights of British industry . And this Conference further expresses its earnest hope that that Committee will not finally separate without making some efforts to impress their constituents with the importance and absolute necessity of a more intimate connexion between the Trades of this countvv for purposes of mutual defence against the tyrannical encroachments of Capital . June 3 vd- Wii . Pm , Soe .

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      WEAVERS' STItlKE-THE TWO LOOM SYSTEM AND REDUCTION OF WAGES . The manufacturers of the Kei ghley and Bingley districts seom determined , despite of all reason , to introduce the two-loom system into those districts . The weavers , on the other hand , seem to have a very clear idea of the consequenco which must ensue to themselves from the general ndoption of this system , throwin g , as it will , one half of tho people out of employment , and , as a necessary consequenco , reducing tho wages of tho other half . In consequence of this strike succeeds strike , hitherto with tho most abundant success , so far as putting a stop to the system , goes , though at an immense sacrifice of time and monpv .

      Vwthm the Ui 6 t few weeks , no fewer than seven strikes nave taken place ; in five of whioh the weavers havo been victorious-namely , Ellis and Holmes , of Bingley ; and TVr - ' . j iirp > ? nd Son > of the 9 aine Place J Mr- Clapham , of Wilsden ; Mr . Ha ^ as and Sons , of Keighley ; and Messrs . Mcrall and Brothers , of Haworth . The weavers Ol Mr , t . Hattersley , of Keighley , are now out on striko against a reduction of fifteen per cent , on their present wages , and the introduction of the two-loom system . The weavers of Messrs . Butterfield , Brothers , of Haworth , are out against the Bame system , accompanied with a Bimilar reduction of wages . Thoueh the weavers have hitherto oeen victorious , their loss must havo been immense Tho L ^ Tff Mr > Whit 7 ortb ' ° f nBlifcx , are out on " strike hiiId 8 am ° ' are parndin £ the stl ' eet 8 in

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      SHIPWRECKS AND ACCIDENTS AT SEA . * Jllnn f L ° ST IK TnE IcE -Letters were brought by Sl-ft ^^ iT '^ r ^^ S the loss of tvf ° toJ seisin the ice The intelli gence was made known by the wS w f ° ^ 5 . no « nap . of Prince Edward ' s Island Sh " ™ S ? i ? l 0 wu-, £ 8 ioe ali tne winter off Margaree UrJPSSTS' - ? . 0 ff the latter P lace ho observed a SS ? SB f v ) &hm } twenfcy ™ les fr 0 Ia laad , and S ff ? £ hl 8 cr I Qwa 4 n ( 1 8 ° »» e persons from the shore started for the wreck . After a tedious and dangerous pas nf ? T / f " ftln ? . ' they 8 uoceeded in "aching the Bpot , and discovered the vessel to bo . the Aberdeen ol Liverpool , abmat 800 tons burthen , bound to QuVbeo . There was no person on board , and all the boats belong ng to h were gone , leaving the party to suppose that the crew had AhSSin 1 ? lWCre ^ af £ bout fivo n > ilesfrom where the Aberdeen lay , they observed anoth <» i < im « ni . «!„ JL

      , schooner embeddea in the ioe ' """ a * 2 ZfittK 2 i ^ 1 ! Z 32 * 2 i jsiasssr ^ " * - ¦ .- -iSaMS sisi « SiS £ p toined rf ^ an Kthe ^ Ai ffiiSi SB'r 6 Dter ' inaSkS- ttt A" ° V I - with Pumps choked , and K ffi&o ^ ri ^ 5 ^ f : , " R the boats ? rtthetimo . -LiverpM \; MayT tWerp' blowin 8 a 8 ^ Sr ^ toW" * ss &tt ^^ wka . * _ . » l- _ . l Oken u Pi and or . v 90 ft nut nt fh « a . nnn hnioo * t

      SK ySl '""' ™ I * " .. ™ idte M'S- » or tF ^ TB I ^^^^ 'S tam

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      mcss = r 5 ^^^^ On Friday , the adjourned irvinf . ^ "nee was held at the Royal ^ r ° Ms ^ hU Palmer , the coroner , and a SL ? u ^ ' bef \ ° > . empannelling of the iurv SP abIe i « y ? M 'K named Farrington and " yft * J , ^ i . ' ^ £ , and the , are others 8 \ S -

      a « d firemen whh JaZ , ? 1 ? ""^ * m ** h" ** ^^^ SsStt : ^ went to the upperVCt wh £ t ^^ 'W * J s wattw ^ SSS BKte ^ srrS ^ i o the shunt below , * here it was perfectlyS J goi » 8 to Mr . J . Ellis , the underlooker , and told £ \ t H > S h ° f lh 6 re beiD * « in tIle Pi « J ad Bi ! *• that tbe men muat not work . Ha Z . J .. ? " " f « lfa it i < " ««» ne aiso met tnn t \ i

      ™ -. r v . n ,. ' ° with naked candles , and told them that th « m !«? he nience * without , ^ then 3 to a IT ° " of the p , t on other business , believing th , t t T ^ m had to work near the dangerous pillars had got l , !!"^ about an hour and a-half from the time of hi w 1 ^ k ^ a ^ KS ^ tt ^ - ^ but they rashly resolved to enter the mine e Hr , Mr . Dickenson , inspector , gave a deacriotinn ,,. err and his evident perfectly coincided S JJj * to the cause o the explosion viz ., that I a , S bad been working with naked candles . Of the »* Henry Holden , a draper , confirmed the stat ™ . * , , Smith as to his having forbidden the men to ! 5 » -5 ° lamps , and said that some of them got lamps Si *** had candles Ellis came to them while then £ ^ and told them to go up , as it wa 8 not fift ?" J'" ? twitness ) put on his clothes immediately and leh S / m ie

      nnI- ? ° ki " ' ' * petlec ^ ™ ^ there wa , no oie to blame m this case . The unfortunate IS brought destruction upon themselves by the r own 31 by acting contrary to the orders of tbe foreman . Tbe r diet could be no other than one of accidental death * ihe jury retired and consulted fora few mw Us ^ returned a verdict of " Accidental deS' ^ ' nifta

      ANOTHER ACCIDENT AT COPPULL . ti 1 P ° , J hUr 8 i !? ° T S anothw " plosion took ' place in ^ : & : <^ z \^ i ot tua workings o f the colliery , running in an ommii . S ° : ° tb 8 t ^ hichlaJ ^ eek-s cL altv oSd SWJfT ? a u b 0 Ut five ° ' clock ' Thomas Sm i Zi I TjjlTS ! 4 ft « *™ . *«* ^ wn the mine the « Nevv No 2 Pit- accordinto 7

      . g mrZr l uZ of'KS w , "? in the raine ' ^ "Si SlitothJ K mi ) Ugl 1 and Smith separated , the latter t nt t ? he north . After examining all thosepot . tons of the pit in which the men had to work , and finding lh «? ih « T T perfectly 8 afe « he r « io th an tr ! X e collier ^ were in wailin e- "i ) orted »«« t nL 5 •! . !• Up 8 n which they Proceeded to their work . One of the collten , named Richard Booth , on passing Wat . mouth , observed that it wa unlucky to sJt * ork on a tnday , and be would not work on that dayand then vent

      , on to h » working . Oo arriving there , his companion was at work , and , remarking that he was not going to heein , he went towards an old working with a lighted candle in ins hand to gather up bis tools ; and , after he had bwn gone a few minuke 8 , an explosion of firedamp took placf . from which it would appear that there must hwe been » accumulation of firedamp in the place towards which he went . Tlatmongh was at that time in the air-road , and tua turce of tbe explosion threw him a distance of several jards . On recovering himself he immediately got the men and boys out of ihe working . , and sent them towards the pit . mouth ; and , after procuring a lihthe went ( he

      g , up road towards the point where the explosion had taken place . When he had got forward a few yards he met two of the colliers , very much burnt , making their way to the pit-mouth , and they were followed by two lads , who were also burnt . He assisted them towards the bottom of the shunt , and when the dust and gas had somewhat cleared away he returned along with some other of tbe workmen , aud it was then found that the explosion had taken place in a working which had been closed up . for some time ; and , an examination being made of the whole of the workings , it was ascertained that four persona ( two men and two boys ) had been injured , and they were conveyed home in tsThe

      car . injuries , sustained by the two men are so severe that their recovery is doubtful . Tbe names o [ the sufferers are ~ hefd ana Br BOOlh > Unmarried ' very 8 etiou 9 l >' butnt ott the James Bannister , unmarried , also severely burnt . William Cooper , drawer , badly burnt . breast ' drMW | badly burnt on lhe r ' ld As mi ght be expected , the greatest alarm was excited in he neighbourhood when the accident got rumoured abroad , tne painful circumstances connected with the casualty ol last week being still 8 o fresh in their recollection .

      FATAL COAL PIT ACCIDENT NEAR ROCHDALE . An accident , which caused the death of two persons , occurred last week at the Captm 3 ? o \ u Co \ toj , van wona the townshi p of Castleton . On that day the waters of the river Roche , which run * throug h the estate adjoining the colliery , burst into some old workings , and the pressure became so great as to break down tbe barriers between them and the Captain Fold Colliery , which is worked by the Heywood Coal Company . About thirty

      persons were then in the pit , but all , except three , succeeded in escaping unhurt . The pumps were set to work , but it was four hours before the water could be ejected . Une of the sufferers narrowly escaped drowning , being w « P bj the water in a place where the force of theatm ? 3 ' pheric air kept bac the water so as to allow breathing apace . The dead bodies of his brother , Daniel Heyw * ' aged thirteen years , and Robert Kershaw , a sing le man , » l twenty-fiveyeaw , were taken out afterwards .

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      SAYAGE MURDER . A bruta . ' murder has jusUeen committed at thia P JacS ( Newport ) . On Friday night , about ten o clook , thm men irom on board a ship lying in the Newport doels » £ named the Ocean Star , quarrelled on tho Queen ' s-par ; we , low locality , chiefly resorted to by tho seamen of the P " » The men were the cook , named Andrew K »« hoW Vhef steward , and a seaman named Thomas Godfrey . > . ' ' struck each other aeveral blows , and one or two ot i « l fell . The cook then ran off , and the steward "M . ^ 'U parted . A short time after the cook went on boaia n shiD . he aDDenred in nn ortit . u atnia . and at 1 u '« , _ j

      changed Ms clothes and ran ^ shore again . He P ^ S towards the Queen ' s-parade , and drawing a largo b « J rushed towards two men who were talking near the aom a boarding house , kept by one Cochrane , for sauoK . . Stopped short suddenly , on coming up to them , and io «» . hard iato the face of one of them ( a man named Ji «* ; and then , seeing that he was not the man be wan tw . looked hard at the other , and finding it was tho s eania " : a whom , he had just previously quarrelled , ho at once , * desperate lunge , drove at him with the knife . / he bloft raised his hand at the moment as if to evade tne » but received it on his arm . The cook finding " » t e frustrated , at once drew back , and then made a rnsn ° ^ unfortunate Godfrey , into whose side , below tho tow - ^ Tin nHATfo Vila l * nil *_ i _ :. i . M « U 1 n Hnnfn . lllv * . i

      then walked off , and coolly returned to his ship , ana' ^ into his berth as the bell struck eleven ; while the * ° { b 8 man , shrieking and bleeding profusely , helpea im ^ house of Cochrane , where he was laid on o b , ^" f oUnd police were direoted to apprehend , the cook . ine ' fffl o him in bed , and brought him before the dying . »" ' ate d recognised him distinctly , and over and over again re ? that tbe prisoner was the man who had / tabbe d *'" ' od jn SurgeonB wero in attendance , who found that ww «« ^ the side was fatal , and in a short time the » nf ° » w , « , J , breathed his last . The mayor of tho boroug h , ^ ne Davis , and Mr . J . 'W . Evans , magistrate , bad tw i » . cT j brought before them on Saturday morning , ™ " broug b 1 dence of a number of persons was taken , all ° ' . 9 ?« 8 Bne : the charge homo to the prisoner in the moat direei . «¦ , The savage fellow appears a sullen and reveng fui w ^ exhibited a downcast demeanour throughout tne v ^ ingg . He appeared to be a foreigner from " ^ lattb English . The mayor committed him to take his w \ i Monmouthshire atoizes for the wilful murder w Godfrey .

      Qxt Iw Mtmmtt «W»*Ft«Wjtasr

      Qxt iw Mtmmtt « W »* ft « WJtaSr

      ©O^Operatibe (K^Otticle,

      © o ^ operatibe ( K ^ otticle ,

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      Law-suit about a HAT .-The Ciwl Tribunal of Chateau J hierry has lately had a rather singular case brought before it ; the object m dispute being neither more nor less than tae hat worn by the Emperor Napoleon in the Russian ramnaign . ThU relic of the emperor fell into the possession ol the late SI . Evrard , his valet-de-chambre , and thelitiwretaW . ^ ^ " , that S entIeinan . who claims a right SSSttS ^ fS ° ther branches of the family who SrocSi - ia 11 be M ! d witfa the otherpropert / , and ^ both jdf l " TT C to Moa . Counsel ^ liberatioT'LriHS ^^ k ^ tte ^^ ^ r a short i ^ sBr ^^ ft / SftWWWS ^ i ^ s ^ t ^^^' tix ^ SS ^" - ' — 1851 , was 70 , 54 !) . ° ' Germ *« ? ho arrived at New York ,

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      ^ lmiS"Z S& 7 ^ « fT at handman named Ann m i ¦ here last week b ? a y ° ung wo " yard wwL JwS Mdodm , who wrought two thirty porter upon each of Sm W ? lv 6 , ? pindles and three heaps of weft aSdthelenethnf ^ rt ^ ent . five and a half spindles , wases for tC ? e two m miU e » s- ^ money price in of them Thu ? ° T 2 & ' 4 d - b ^ ng ll 9 « 2 i - ' « each man or ' woSan n 8 th- at ) P erha P ' ™* P « fomed by either fovounbk S * th 9 Place « and ^ U no doubt stand in a I'X ^ h ^ jFv ^ of the feats of that p ° werful CdeTSer % ) r ok WnS accompliShed in six days .-o JSJ ^ M ^ T ^ ifrH' 0 th , ° " Bradford sot dnwn in th y 7 th the total number of paupers , as the pmiJu , P , m 0 r ^ Of th 0 Board of Guardians , was on ine previous Pndaj \ m-door , 200 ; out-door , 2 , 327 , Total , ™ 2 2 » a V he number in the corresponding week

      their cou ° ntir Aglr ] i ) uUural Sooie ^ of En gIand are to hold their county meeting , for 1853 , at Gloucester .

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      6 THE STAR OF FREEDOM , : ~ . I

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      HALIFAX WORKING MAN'S OO-OPEUiTIYE SOCIETY . We have been favoured with the Report of the Board of Management of this Co-operative Sooiety for the half year ending May 1 , 1852 , and regrot that we have not space to print it in full . We are glad to glean from it that accounts have been continued with the Central Agency , the Salford Hatters , the Working Printers' Association , the Rochdale and Bradford Societies , the Whit Lane Company , and the Bacup Stook Joint Society ; whilst new accounts have been opened with the Preston Gingham Company , and the London Needle Women ' s Association .

      The Treasurer ' s statement shows a total of £ 1 , 87318 a . Od . as the receipts of the Store , being an average of £ 72 Is . 5 d . per week . The gross profit on the half-year ' s business is £ 179 ( k Tin ., which , after deduoting all trading expenses , cost of management , rent , and other items of outlay , leave £ 7417 s . Old . as the net profit . The balance in favour of tho Society is now £ 9411 s . 6 d , Their business and members are on the increase . During the half-year now expired there has been an addition of twenty-Bix members to our Society , and a withdrawal of four , leaving the present number nominally 298 . In conclusion , the Board of Management exhorts the member to " continue steadfast in the cause to which you are by this experiment committed : knowing that your labour will not be k vain in the hol y work of the social and political elevatwn , and ultimate emancipation of your class . "

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      CO-OPERATIVE LEAGUE . At tho last meethg of this body , at the Craven Hotel . Strand , Vansittart Neale , Esq ., in the chair , Mr . Nash read a paper upon the Equitable Labour Exchange , established in Gray ' s Inn-road in 1832 , upon the suggestion of Mr . Owen . Ho read part of the report of the commutes upon which the scheme was commenced and expressed his confidence in the practicability of such a scheme , notwithstanding tbo want of success which had formerly attended it . He traced the cause of that want of success , in great part , to the too small amount of oapital on whioh the institution wag commenced , J 62 . 000 had been named , but only £ 600 was subscribed , and of this , nearly £ 300 was absorbed in payment of arrears of ground rent . There were however , other difficulties . The aotes which

      served as a medium of exchange , and which at first were at a premium , gradually fell to a discount , from the want of a sufficent choice of articles . The goods brought for exchange gradually ohanged their character from goods in which the material were worth more than labour , to those ia whioh the labour was worth more than the material . Much injury was done also from spurious places—Exchanges whioh arose up aadcrexted diatruBtof the system . Yet , goods to the estimated value of £ 11 , 140 passed through it during tho six months of its existence , and the value of the goods deposited for exchange , as well as of the exchanges effected , continually increased , whilo to consumers it efi ' eoted an immense saving by striking off a vast amount

      of intermediate profit . Mr . Lloyd Jones expressed his opinion that , to such an exohange , the introduction of articles of food was requisite to keep tbe notes at a premium , and that part of tho payment ought to be In cash . Mr . Sanll stated , difficulties from articles of food beiti " wanted so much more frequent than others , the baker would be overpowered with articles which he did not want . Mr . P . Worsley answered this difficulty by showing that a coat or a table was worth many loaves . Mr . Stilea stated another difficulty , in the want of per . sons sufficiently skilled in the value of articles . Again , in the want of cash being taken to pay the commission .

      Mr . Keale called attention to the two principles involved in the Labour Exohange ; the bringing the producer and consumer face to face , getting rid of unnecessary intermediate dealers , and tho introduction of the labour note , or medium of Exchange , which was liable to be depreciated by the want of a sufficiently wide sphere . In itaelf he considered the labour note a mere philosophical medium , though in the labour exchange it was necessarily imperfect , because one man ' s hour of labour could not be valued at the same rate » 9 another , whose labour , though

      not more useful , was m general society more highly paid . Dr . Travis doubted whether much benefit could bo effected by any partial remedies . It was necessary to form a complete Association , and only the heads would be needed to govern . Mr . Fleming would not be discouraged by past failures . They were experiences . b y which we could benefit . He thought that it would be possible to systematise a centre of Exchange from whioh great good might come . Though it might be a question whether wo were not at a point at which we could realise a more perfect establishment . After some remarks from Mr . R . Cooper the meeting adjourned .

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      Cur Working Tailohs' Association . —Wo understand that a Working Tailora' Association ( in connoxion with tbe establishment in Castle-street , ) has been opened at 23 , Cullum-street Fenchurch-sireet .

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), June 5, 1852, page 6, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1681/page/6/