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Northern Star (1837-1852), 22nd May 1852, Edition 1 of 2, Page 5, Untitled Article

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      Untitled Article

      nnr Friends will oblige by forwarding reports * 5 ChartSt meetings , and other Democratic proceeimp- — _ CONDITION OF THE KEFUGEE 8 . ADDRESS TOTIIE COUNTRY . - ^ committee , nusnant to adjournment , met m Iff—room of the John-street Institution , on S ^ w ^ arifls- May 17 * . Mr . John Arnott wag Sid " to " the cliair . " The minutes of the previous & , tiE -r -were confirmed . A letter was read from tTcNSnini **" . - ° f Bri ^ * ^ P ^ ^ -eof his jilinsacss ' to co-operate ffithtue committee on be-Sf ' oftiie refugees . Stani ^ aus Worcell drew a most melancholy pic-1 * f tie sufferings of the unfortunate refugees out ""' nraplovment , and showed the necessity of instanf' 1 us action on their behalf .

      ,, The Chairman suggested that all the large towns . the country should he at once called on to form local committees , acting in concert with the metrop olitan committee ; which suggestion was unanimously 3 jfgentleman attended from Clapham , haviag seen the report of the previous meeting in the papers . fle proffered work for one of the Exiles . Mr . E . 3 ? . Xicholls proffered employment for two . Several friends volunteered to give lessons in the English language- .

      Stanislaus Worcell wished it to ba understood , ? liat when he was at the last meeting , and spoke relative to the Italians , he was not deputed by that fcodv to do so . That which he had said was in reply to a question put to him for information in the absence of a deputation from the Italians . He spoke according to his knowledge , necessarily imperfect , of the position of the Italian refugees , but net as their representative . The following address was agreed to . After -which the Committee adjourned until Tuesday Evening Hay 25 , at eight o ' clock . ' THE VICTIMS OF CONTINENTAL DESPOTISM . TO THE PEOPLE OF GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAXD .

      Taiflw CoEXTJmEEjf , —Long have -we boasted that our country is an " Island of the Free , " and a refuge and and home for tne patriots fleeing from the vengeance of the oppressor . It is well that we are able to make such a boast . It is well that the land of Milton and Cromwell has not yet been so far debased by the selfishness of trade , as to be compelled to cringe before the despots of Europe , snd to drive from oar shores , as the bidding of any bloodstained ruffian Kin ? those noble men , driven into exile because they loved Freedom and Justice , and hated oppression . Be such ever our boast . Allow none to think that to will ever submit to the d-ctation of aforei « n tyrant ; but let us convince the world that we still retain a remnant of the spirit of the men of the Commonwealth , prompting IB to receive amongst 113 the unfortunate patriots of every country and Clime ; and to grant onr protection , and lend material assistance to the temporarily defeated champions of European Freedom .

      And let it not be Eaid , that tee , whothU 3 boaat of our wllinaies 3 to braye all the tyrants of the world , in order to defend tbe exiled martyrs for Freedom , shall allow those martyrs , unnoticf d and uncared for , to suffer and perish in enrmidst . To do so would be to make Britain not a refnge and a home for tbe victims of oppression , but a giavefor the unfortunate soldiers of Liberty . To do so would be to addhypocri 3 y and ahame to selfishness , to gain for us the SBora and execration of hunnnity as the nation that had a much talked of Justice and Right , and tbe brotherhood of man , and that bad yet neglected to perform , us dots , when that daty mightso easily be accomplished . There are now resident amongst us a large number of

      remgee 3 trom 1 ranee . Poland , Germany , Hungary , and Italy . whDsemiBeryitis our imperative duty to do all in our power to rlleviale . Wdh this view a committee has been formed ; and it hereby earnestly appeals to every friend of hnmaniiy , to every lover of his kind , to come forward and lend his aid to the noble and fraternal work tnat has been began . What trae-aearted Englishman will not blush at the thought <> f taese brave soldiers of the cause of human ireedom being compelled to beg their bread from door to S * * trifling ; assistance , timely rendered , may enaoie them by their own labour , to attain an honourable inoependcace ? Tbe main obstacle in the way of the exiles ofttauang : employment ia their complete ignorance of tbe fcngiisn language . The committee will , therefore

      onden-Tout to have them instructed in our language , as far a 3 wiu enable them to communicate with employers or ra , Off . ^ orkmen , when , doubtless , work for all of them jpu readil y be obtained . But in the meantime ihev must IK lr ° ^ them t 0 do £ 0 « the assistance of tbe unuan Pnbhe 13 imperatively demanded . ftv , m ? wli 0 are desiroDS of saving our exiled brethren irom starvation should immediately bestir themselves and »<« ror to second our endeavours . Local committees , for « e purpose of collecting subscriptions , and obtaining work « r tne refugees when they shall have acquired English ™> aga to enable them to accept it , should , at once , be lormed in all the towns of tbe provinces . with labour and perseverance oar duty will be ae-« aplisned-our efforts be speedily crowned with success .

      Signed , in tbe name of the Committee , t-. r , G ' JcLUN Habsey , Secretary , pro Urn . Lists Of the unemployed refugees , specifying the trade orprofeaon of each , are in preparation , and will be pab-Jfcned Ia the Democratic journals .

      Untitled Article

      HOBERT OWEN'S EIGHTY-SECOND BIRTHDAY . Tks event was celebrated by a soiree on Sunday , May «« 0 f . at tbe Literary and Scientific Institution , Joha-ST ^ W 1 " ; abont m of both fiexe 3 sa * down to strW-TrfM' S *"" tcok the chair amidst every demon-SSS ^ ft ?? - ? 1 Feedings com menced with the ft * " *» F itobert Owen , in accordance with the iSSftSW " . «« Rational Society . " The child was Th r ° PU Xbzam ^ etcher . sneha ^ f -V i ! - d 'i t ,, £ : lvehi : a Z tcat P ] easure to meet 5 ^ , - P 9 w cit : zens on this tappy occa-* SZT * tTUSiea *! " * their venerable friend would Iks come tteet ° similar occasions for many years to

      "Sori , ?* p' FlEMnfG ? ave *« e first sentiment as follows : — Mite Z £ 0 SteS \ m ?? H trium P " > evefy cl"ne » and Stonl ? l ' C ? ° bert Owen ' a birthdays w « e as nBfafZt ^ - ? v recJj 0 . Soeial Progress . PhSwI ° L - } £ H H V ? l en the 80 cial idea a » All ?! 8 ? t ? ei"l 0 £ ets » bnfc fi 0 Dert Owen Lad caused «*» K 5 « ¦ * f . > a practical realifcy-He ^ been impress it n ° Tr iaC ; b , ot ' in order to effect anything to C op 0 ^ , th 6 ™ p mind , it was necessary so to OwS'J ^ l ^ f L never K & * " ^ e idea" realised , tionnl o ^ TT- la" 0 ur 8 na d produced social progresg . Kammw ^ i C ? bon ? a / at one titne ridicoIed » and working « S ? PlCtU ? ed fMth M " greatun ^ ashed . " But ffl " ? " * M 8 tances , the taUor and sboemaker , were 2 P > as well as tbe 16 rd . ( Loud cheers . ) ExpettrtwrA ^ S ^^^ ^ t tbo change must be gradual ; it torn * J e 8 adden ; U wool - d DOt a PP ear a 11 at once "Ite a ^ Mutactured . article ; no , it would grow . ( Hear , bear . ) * ua porely commercial idea had rpnnhpri u < i niimn-r vhA

      Bhtical idea had also ripened , so iar as regarded the en-^ ochise aient of the masseB . Free discussion , tbsou <> li « 6 press and on the platform , wa 3 now common . Beverend iT 0 Ps and right honourable earls , re-echoed Mr . Owen ' s was . Jew Tictoria street , had swept away the huts of ltorv and De ? Sars , and in their place arose palaces for wong-men . ( Loud cheere . ) From these periods they « ia ! w v clnde that tl 10 social ^ dea ^^ progressing , espe * tte » they rememoered that it had for its advocates t 8 , f 7 and good in every land . Ideas could not be cut tW c ^' . oown ; and there was everv reason to believe

      taterfT " 18111 ^ o " * ere Ion g " cover the earth as the f watlesea . " ( Loudcheers . ) ^ semhu' ; K ™ said » De took it for granted that the th » JL ~ ? before Lim was a proof of the truthfulness of tttttkT * he h ad t 0 snpport ; he did not suppose ^ din ? 8113 , ?? 64111 every particular , whilst the underfcfces nn ^ nl be Sen . eral that they neither made them-^ pictm . j ormed tboir own characters . Mr . Fleming ^ Vni Bran - V side of Socialism . That it had b Social ^! 53 was , beycnd question . What he understood Owen ia » f . as the general elevation of the masses . Mr . la 3 i 3 iii 9 « n m " oni Ms theorr , Lad the merit of not n WidW f « tb 0 K P ense of another , but took S ** had tru ^ l fore 5 cb and each for all . " Mr . ?* - " llli ^ i ™ that be wa 3 ca " " the man of one itln *" -s UuL tnSt : ntm iJah .. _ x— : J > i t > luta nt

      «• "eatinn a ,. V a « -uuuuuea everTtning , irom t aeer 3 0 SDe-i ^ ° r modern transcendentalism . ( Loud *?* to f ^ S " Qi , ProSre 53 . be would jnst say a few S ll 6 tJ ^ l 7 j k " , considerable denl of , with w ^ - ie meanMi : ™ wbose P resent £ onrsehe thought tladli « eTsSXe Cilart 5 sts- Tothemhewould sayin & » on 4 Vonrl , r ° U COnti 5 Ue t 0 fal 1 out and Jo 5 Tour ?«/ S » : J ° u cau do n ° good for your-SS ? be woKI ^ iril i ieSiyou - , country O'Jour cause . NC £ te nder for consideration lho foliowing « & « w . tZS nf ? W MlI * T " Give me the . 8 ^ 2 ^ - !^ ~* * fi ^ Owe 7 ; i . ? « S «» d . sent 5 raen t as follows :-othZ Ila 8 been th Pb ^ antbromst ' may th « happiness « 5 ^ tC ? to t - ^ of bU Ufe t 0 be stow upon lur ^ flernf k ? ? ° 9 nchlv eninved hv him An ~~~' uZ Mr

      ; ^ S ^ hSter S C ' ^^ of . Owen ' aprocfedl < t >* tberehy' 3 ??^ " ^^ ' the 8 reat ""Idt ^ -educated » r ^ cou « nced hil « that aan ^ bB ^ PPJ . ( 23 T U M we » -cl ° toed . before he Sffn ^ ttatll ? n heers-J U * ( Mr- K 5 gb J ) wished SJSWwSJ bS 2 ? , tbe first to «¦«* * " SS ^ UJ " Apptt ^^ ae founder oflnfant 5 m ^ '; « "aute L I ^ ° , ffen w « 8 surrounded ^ jnculcaS'ilS 61 ^ - ? g 0 fonb to fte ^ ^ reat appi ^ 1 w ^ S ^ P at aU " *» and mau . 9 . ) ^ orldlmess could not bind

      Untitled Article

      him-governments could not restrain him—but onward be w ^ nt , conqupringand to conquer . ( Reiterated cheering . ) Chartists , Tories , 'Whigs , Conservative , Ac ., had all nibbled at Socialism , here a bit and there a bit ; thus they had infant Schools , Itaseed Schools , Baths and Washhouses , Model Cottages , and Farms , &c . When he looked on those tiling he saw the buds , tbo blossoms would follow , the nower 5 vfOui , i yet giow j n tne genial sun of the Social System . ( Loud cheers . ) Mr . W . Coopeb said , all must agree with the sentiments so eloquently put forth by their warm hearted friend R : a >> y > » : 'd he hoped no one would think they wished to make " . 1 siod of their able friend , as Robert Owen rebuked praise , his feeling being that no man couH deserve it . Socialism had been preached in all climes : in France under him—governments could not restrain him—hut . nnw , irri he

      Louis Blanc , C . abel , and others ; in America under the Rnppites , &c ; and in England under Owen and his disciples . ( Hear , hear . ) Last year , for the first time , he had seen tbe school at New Labat-fc , and it did his heart good to hear the loving words spoken in those parts of Robert Owen . It might bo asked , why did not Owen remain there ? He had left to carry his glorious mission elsewhere . " The Socialists , " ( say Chambers , ) "have looked fora heaven en earth , but they had not found it : but in so looking they have discovered other things that wguW enable them to leave the world better than they found it . " ( Loud cheers . ) Honour Owbx rose , amidst the warmest plaudits , again and agaia repeated , and said , so much bad been said that he feared anything he might add would be deemed superfluous , lie had intended to have read an address : but

      time was too far advanced , and he must content himself with detailing a portion of it . What he wished was that the world should cease producing inferior things , and produce none but superior things . In that consisted the whole of tbo National System . "When he commenced his work , he knew what he had to perform ; he knew he should be opposed by men of all classes—of all parties—in all countries . The time would come when men would have but one interest , and one language , and the highest pleasure enjoyed would be that of endeavouring to please others . This one idea universally understood , would lead to that great pleasure . But in tbe midst of the prevailing disunion—why did he say that union would prevail ?—the present disunion was only tbe breaking up of the old system , which must precede the new . and that

      new would include all that was desirable . The new system was not mere Baths and Washaouses , Moddie Lodging Houses , < fcc , but an entire new system , everything in its place . lie wished to see society entirely , new moddled . The science of society had yet to be taught thoroughly to the human race . Man , from being a contending , fighting , egotistical animal , had to be changed to a noble b 9 in < r , fit to enjoy real liberty , fraternity , and equality . Mr . Owen resumed his seat amidst loud applause . Between tha sentiments the Appolonic Society , in excellent style , sung , accompanied , by the organ of tbe Institute , the following choruses : — " See our Oars with 'Feathered Spray , " " Hearts and Hoces , " "Long may Life and Health be Spared Him , " and " Swift as the Flash . " A hearty vote of thanks to the Chairman closed the evening ' s proceedings .

      Untitled Article

      CHARTISM . COSFERESCE 0 ? DELEGATES AT MANCHESTER

      people ' s ixstitute , hbybod stbbbt . Mondat , May 17 . — Delegates present : —Manchester , W . Grocotfc , E . C . Cropper ; Halifax , W . Cockroft ; Oldham , Robert Bell ; Stockyort , C . Citte . Mr . Bell was called to the chair ; Mr . GrocOtt was elected secretary . The Chairman said they were only few , but he hoped they would be more to-morrow . A . letter from Gloasop was read . The letter stated , that the Chartists of that place were not in an organised state . It recommended that the Charter should be abided by whole and entire , and that the Chartists should not oppose any other body of reformers . The Chairman then called upon tbe delegates to report the state of their respective localities .

      Mr . Chopper stated , on behalf of Manchester , that they were in a low condition , both as regarded funds and members . This state of things had been brought about by the split that bad taken place between those who were formerly their leaders , and themselves . Mr . Leach , Mr . Donavan , Mr . T . Clark , and others , formed an association of themselves . But Mr . Leach and Co . found it impossible to earry it on , in consequence of which the Institution hadfallen into the bands of those whom he ( Mr . Cropper ) represented . It wag burdened with a heavy debt , which they were obliged to bear . But they were now improving both in members and funds . Mr . Grocott corroborated the statement ma de Mr . Cropper . He had no further observations to make except to explain why their Council had called the present Convention , which was that they had been called on by a large number of localities , by letterB and through the Press , to do

      EnMr . Cim stated that their funds were low , but it was owning to their sot being able to get people to collect , which arose for want of some systematic- plan of action . Mr . Cockboft stated that the Chartists of Halifax had been , more or less , in a state of apathy since 1848 . A year ago they bad had a large number of Hungarian refugees thrown upon them , whom they had felt themselves bound to support . They were now relieved of that burden , and were again working in the good old cause . Halifax had always in all times paid its full share of both local and national expenses . Mr . Bell stated that they had an association in Oldham , but verj few members . But tbo ? e members would do their utmost endeavours to carry out the plans of the Conference , provided they stuck to the Six Points of the Charter . The programme was then read .

      Mr . Cockroft could not see that they would be justified in transacting any business , unless more delegates were present . He was averse to so small a j . umber taking upon themselves to do the work of the nation ; were they to do so , h 9 thought they would appear very much like the three tailors of Tooley-street . Mr . Chopper could not come to such a conclusion . Many great events hsd been brought about by small beginnings . After some remarks from Mr . Cittie , and Mr . Cropper , Mr . C ' ocKBon said , there was a body of men who considered themselves the legitimate Executive of the Chartist Association . They considered that these men had violated the trust roposed in them , and that Convention was ealted to upset them , but they must have more delegates than were present , or they would have no moral weight in their decision . Regnlations were then adopted concerning the time of meeting , speaking , &c , and the delegates adjourned .

      Tcesdat , May IS . —In addition to the five delegates present yesterday , three more , making eight in all , representing six Ioaalitia 3 , were present . The newly arrived delegates were—Messrs . Jones and Finlen , from London : and Mr . Hosier , from Coventry . Mr . Bell , of Oldham , was again called to the chair and Mr . Grocott appointed secretary . Tbe minutes of yesterday were read and confirmed . l £ r . CrriiB moved : — TMat the London and Coventry delegates snow cause Whvthev were not at their post yesterday . * Mr . Fislen stated their non-attendance was caused by some business of tbe Metropolitan Delegate Council which had delayed their departure until they were too late for the train . Mr . Jokes corroborated this statement .

      Mr . Hosibr said his absence had been caused by the Coventry Council not having been able to decide whether they could send a delegate or not . They wete not in a condition to send one by themselves , but had to depend upon some neighbouring localities , and were obliged to wait until they knew tbe decision of those localities . On the motloa of Mr . Cms , these apologies were accepted . Mr . Citte moved : — That they no-sv enter pnto the Conference funa , and see how the mean 3 were to be raised . Seconded , by Mr . Joses . The travelling expenses and the cost of the Hall having been ascertained , it was agreed that a levy of 7 s . Gd . be laid upon each locality th « t bad sent in their approval and promised support . Letters were then read from the following places : — Huddersfield approved of tbe Conference , and promised to send a delegate , but did not .

      Rochdale was favourable , but could not send a delegate would render assistance . ' Ashton disapproved of the Conference , and would not support it . Pudsey had no association . Padiham was favourable , bnt could not send without heb Todmorden would have sent a delegate had the Con& rence been called for Good Friday . Torquay could not raise the means . Brideenorth did not approve of the Conference . Deptford in favour , but could not ssnd . Llandiloes could not send . Hanley could not scad a delegate , but Would help with funds . Merthjr Tydvil approved , but could not send a delegate will assist . ° ' Bacup , no organisation , but will assist . Colne wanted to know how long they would sit—what they would cost—and what good thev would do

      Leicester favourable , but possessed no influence over tbe people ; would assist . Hebden Bridge—no association , no room-could do Bingley regretted the calling of the Conference ; could not agree to get into debt ; thought the debt of the present Executive onehtto be paid off . They have paid 10 s towards it , and are about to send 03 . more . What had Manchester done ? . . „ . Dundee saw no propriety m calling the Conference , and would not pay anything . Barnsley said , a Conference when called ought to be held in London , but the Chartists generally did not want one These letters having been read , Mr , Fisles moved , and Mr . Cittb seconded , That a committee of three he appointed to make out the accounts , Messrs . Cropper . Finlen , and Hosier were appointed . The first propos ition on tbe programme was then read as follows : —

      ... . „ . . . . . Tiiattheohjestaofthe National Charter Association continue to beaBhoretofore , toohtain , by strictly legal and peaceable means , the enactment of tie People ' s Charter , in all its fulness ande » - Tlu 3 resolution was eszritd without discussion . Tfce second chuse was then read . To consider the best means of establishing a more efficient organisatiOH of the Cflarfists throughout the country , ana effectually destroying the unhajpydisseations exutmg among the different localities Mr . H 03 IBB thought the resolution contained the pith of

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      ——* ————«¦»—»———<^—i——— mmmmm ^^ the business which had called them together . He thought the old plan of organisation contained much that was good and useful , but wanted a few amendments ; and if they could only find out a plan to put a stop to dissension , they would have accomplished a great object . Mr ; Johes said , all attempts to put a stop to those differences would prove futile , unless they could teav away the bad passions from men ' s hearta . So long as petty spite , ambition , and envy possesseed men ' s minds they would have these disaentions , unless they could change human nature . They must raiso the cause above these low pas-Bions . They must elfict an Executive who would and could work ; and who by their uprightness and perseverance in the cause would raise it to such a pitch of greatness and power , as should for ever put down those low grovelling jealousies and ambitions that had so long ruined and destroyed the cause . They ought to inquire whether they had an Executive : what should be the condition of mem ' bership—what the policy they should pursue . After a few words from Messrs , nosier and Cittie , >—¦ - ¦ ———— - ———— in *~ " thfl business whinh had nnilfld them together . TTp f . hnn / y ^ j .

      Mr . Jones moved that the " house " resolve itself into committee on the matter . Mr . Grocott said , all their plans hitherto had failed ; he therefore hoped some more effioient plan would be hit upon . Mr . HoaiEU said , t ' : ey had boon very low in Coventry ; people would not come near them ; but they adopted the voluntary plan , and threw open their books to any one who would join , and left it to their own will , whether they paid or not ; and they soon increased both in men and money . Mr . Jones said , they were told that they must pay one penny per week ; but if they did that ifc was still voluntary , for people , when they had got behindhand with their contributions , stopped away altogether . They could , therefore , exercise no compulsion over them . But if members were left to themselves , they would not be frightened away . When tbe people saw some distiuct and palpable o \ vject placed before them , they were never found wanting . Let

      out a Land Company or a " People ' s Paper" be started , or anything that was definite , and see how they would act . Mr . Chopper said , they were compelled to have a qualification of membership . The voluntary system would not do in Manchester . Mr . Jones moved : — That all payments be free and voluntary . Mr . Hosier wished to know whether the motion included a card of membership . Mr . Jones said not . If they paid for a card of membership they ought only to pay the value of suoh card , whereas , if tney paia one-penny , they would pay six times as much as the card was worth , if they required anything to prove their membership , he should prefer a tract , which should explain the principles . Mr , IIosieb thought a card was necessary . Mr . Grocott agreed with Mr . Hosier .

      Mr . uockroft said they always raised moat money in Halifax by voluntary contribution * . Mr . Finlek said cheapness was the order of the day , and if they passed the motion they would be acting according to the spirit of the age . It w . as necessary to renounce the Property Qualification , and then they would get men of talent to join them . Mr . Cittb differed entirely from what ha d been said . He could not agree with the voluntary principle . Mr . Jones said , his motion did not interfere with the local government , it onl y referred to the National Fund . Mr . Hosier supported the motion . - Mr . Cockbofi said , if the plan would work for the Executive , it would work for the localities ; Mr . Grocott said it would not do in Manchester .

      The resolution wa 3 agreed to , on the understanding that it did not interfere with the localities . Mr . Joses thought they ought now to agreo to some general laws , by which they should be governed . Mr . Fikles moved : — That the association bo governed by a paid Executive of three , whose term of officeshould be three months . Let them pass such a law , and they would strike terror into the hearts of the tyrants , and those traitors and scoundrels who talked of Chartism being dead . Mr . GocKROFi seconded the motion . Mr . Cropp er wished to know whether the Conference or tho country were to elect the Executive ?~ Mr . Hobieb said his instructions were , that the Conference elect it for the first year . Mr . Citte moved—That the new Executive be only provisionally elected . Mr . Geocoit wished the appointment to be for three months .

      Mr . Hosier was in favour of three months . If at the end of that time they were tired of them , they could get rid of them , and choose better men . Mr . Joses said he was in favour of the Executive being elected for three months . It would keep up a ferment in the country ; and that was just what they wanted . He thought the Convention was bound to elect them . Delay was death—they must have them out at once , or it was over with the movement . They must h » ve men who would go out and raise an agitation , and get up the funds . The localities which they visited must maintain them until the funds were got up . Mr . Ckoppbb said they were sick of tbe middle class , and had lost all confidence in them . Mr . Finles agreed to make his resolution provisional , and to recommend to the country the propriety of three months Executives . The motion was put and carried .

      It was then considered necessary to enter into some arrangement as to the salaries to be paid to the Executive . Mr . Citte could not say what the remuneration was to be unless he could tell where it was to come from . Mr . Hosier moved : — That the remuneration he £ 110 s . per week . Mr . Jones thought £ 2 per week was little enough . Let them , if they wanted funds , get out 300 collecting sheets , and send them to that number of the most active man in the country—not to the secretaries , but to men whom they knew would aot—and they would soon have a fund . Mr . Grocot wanted to know whether the Secretary was to be conneoted with the Executive . Mr . Jones said the Secretary should not be a member of the Executive .

      Mr . Hosier said , if the wages of the Executive commenced a 8 soon as they were elected , and the money did not come in for four weeks , they would have a debt of * 18 hanging over them . Moved by Mr . Cockroft , seconded by Mr . Grocott : — That all organised localities which the Executive may visit , pay their travelling expenses from the locality from which they have come , and that as regards the places that are not organised , the travelling expenses of the Executive be paid out of the General fund . Carried mm . con . The Conference then adjourned . Wednesday , May 19 th . —Mr . Hosier thought previous to passing the minutes of yesterday they ought to reconsider some portion of the business concerning the payment of the Executive . He moved that these additional words be added at tbo end of tho resolution : —

      Such salaries to commence as soon as funds are provided to pay Mr . Jokes said if they had the wages of the Executive going on , and no money to pay them , they would have a new debt—the eternal disgrace of tne Chartist movement . He could say , of his own knowledge , that the debt of the present Exeoutivo was owing to Mr . Arnotfc for his wages . He seconded tbe motion , Mr . Fiklen was opposed to a paid Executive . He thought if they had a paid Executive £ 110 s . would be too little . They could not get men of talent for so small a sum . Mr . Jones warned them against sotting up three gentlemen , which they would be considered to be in comDarison

      to working men . If they could not get men who would work for tbree months for tbe sum of £ 1 10 s . ' per week , they could not get them to work for nothing , except the fine gentlemen , who would do them no good . -Mr , Finlen did not know of more than one man who was competent to serve on the Executive , and that was Thomas Martin Wheeler . He would not bide from them the fact that he had a desire to b e on the Executive , but he could not conscientiously sit on a paid Executive . "Who else could they get ? Kydd , Harney , and Cooper would not work for tbsm .

      # Mr . Citte said they did not want men who would tvaffick in the cause ; After some further discussion the motion waa carried , and tne minutes confirmed . Mr Ghocoi said as Mr . Wheeler ' s name had been mentioued , he would ask tbe London delegates whether that individual had abandoned those acts of intemperanoe to whioh he was formerly addicted . They had received considerable injury from men coming on to their platforms ia a state of beastly intoxication . Mr . Cockroft said if they were about to inquire into tho private characteraof men . tfte reporter for the "Star" ought to be ordered to lay down Mi pencil—wnicn he was ordered to do !! ! Mr . Jones moved—That Mr . Garange be requested to act On the Esecutive . Mr . Cropper seconded the motion . Curried «

      moved—That Mr . Finlen be elected to the Executive , Seconded hy Mr . Cockrofi . Mr . Jokes wanted to know if Mr . Pinion was appointed on the Executivo would he , funds or no funds , go into the country ? Mr . Finlen said , where he had most influence . But if they could not find another man he was read y to servo them in the true apostolical style . Mr . Jones would like Mr , Finlen on the Executive above all men ; he was such an enthusiastic , intelligent , and upright yowng man . Mr . Finle . v agreed . Mr . Finlen moved : — That Mr . Crow be elected on the Executive . He was a friend of his , and one whom ha would like for a colleague . ¦ Seconded by Mr . Hosier .

      Mr . Cute suggested that Mr . A , Robinson , of Wilson , be appointed . The reporter of the " Star of Freedom " was asked ' respecting Mr . Robinson , who stated that he waa a sober , intelligent , and upright man . Mr . Finlen wanted to know if he was the Robinson who represented Bradford in the last Convention ? Having been answered in the affirmative , Mr . Finlbn said , he was satisfied that Mr . Robinson was a very clever man ; in fact he was too clever—by far too clever—for be was an Atheist , and he was too clinching a reasoner on that question . They had already reeeived too much harm from having men holding those opinions on the Executive .

      Mr . Jones said , if they were to expect any one who was manager or editor of a paper , he could not spare time to do their work efficiently . If , however , they could not find another man , be bad no objection to serve them for three months ; but in doing so he should refuse to receive any salary .

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      Moved by Mr . CocKRoyr , seconded b y Mr . Pinlen •_ 1 hat in the event of both the men refusing to act , Mr . Jones " tT ? -P their place . Mr . Coppkb moved : — That Mr , Grocott be Secretary to the Esecutive . Mr . Joxes suggested that the Executive elect their own Secretary . He ought to be entirely undev their control : Seconded by Mr . Cockiioft . Mr . Hosier was of opinion that the Executive should not have the power to discharge tho Secretary . Mr . Grocoit said , ths plan oi Mr . Jonea was unprecedented , Mr . Joses said , the former Executives had elected their Secretary . lie contended that the Secretary ought to bo a mere corresponding machine , and ought to take no part whatever in the control or direction of the movement . After some further discussion , Mr . Jones moved , and Mr . Cockroft seconded : — 3 ^ Wfci « MWMaaw —oiiw mi awrif i i ^^ m -ksmaA u \ T- r * « Tr « ft ™ Oa »™ a * a u » »* . -rT

      That the Executive be appointed for three months provisionally , the Executive to have the power of dismissing him—the country to eicct him for the future ; tho grounds for dismissing him to be dishonesty , intriguing , secret letter writing , neglect of duty , er general misconduct . Mr . Joxbs mo red : •—That the head quarters of tho Executivo be in London , Seconded by Mr . Cockboft . After somo opposition from Messrs , Hosier , Citte , and Cropper , the motion was agreed to , Mr . Jones moved—That Mr , Sewell , of London , be Treasurer . Seconded by Mr . Ciitje . Carried . Moved by Mr . Grocott , seconded by Mr . Citte—That the Executive provide their own office . Mr . Josks moved , Mr . Cropper seconded , That Mr . Finlen go to . Yorkshire and Lancrshire , Mi \ Gaminasje to the West of England , and Mr . Crow to the llidlaud counties , Mr . Jones said they must have the secretary in London They could not go with him in Manchester .

      Mr . Gbocott said as soon as they were prepared to make provision for him be was prepared to go . The puestion was then brought forward as to the position they ought to occupy towards other sections of reformers . Mr . Grocott said they were determined on all occasions to oppose the Financial If that class of politicians were to dare to call a public meeting on any occasion , they were determined to go and oppose them . Mr . Cute said they were in favour of an antagonistic policy towards that class of men . Mr . Cockroft said they were determined in Halifax not to acfc with the middle classes on any account . They were

      determined to oppose them , even if thy went for the Charter . ( "Hear , hear" from Mr . Jones . ) They were determined not to unite with them under any circumstances . Mr . Jones said , he highly approved of what had fallen from the last speaker . There must be no peace between the middle classes and the people . They must go to their meetings and oppose thorn at all hazards . They must breah in upon their county meetings , their parochial meetings , and their meetings of every kind . If they attempted to eaH ticket meetings , they must go and SKWsft > u upon them ; fire or six hundred or a thousand men would be able to break in upon ( fceir door kteper and storm the meeting . Wherever and whenever ihey met they must be met and put down , We must fight them under whatever face they appear . . Mr . HosiEB moved the following resolution : —

      "That it is the opinion of ttiis Convention , that if any puMle meeting bo called by the Parliamentary Reformers in any of the localities under the organisation of the Chartist / Vssociation , this Conference recommends the officers and friends of the Association to go and move amendments for the Charter—whole and entire , " Mr . Jones seconded the resolution . —Carried . Moved by Mr . Citte , seconded by Mr . Hosier : — "That , at the expiration of three mouths , the Executive be elected by tne people for the term of tweUe months . " Mr . Waves moved aa an amendment : — "That the term be six months , instead of twelve , " Seconded by Mr . Jones . —Carried . Messrs . Cittie , Cockroft , and Cropper were appointed to prepare the rules and regulations by which the Executive were to be guided , and to define their powers , Mr . Jones stated , that a Working Man ' s Conference was about to assemble in America , for the purpose of electing a working toriv as President for the United States . He had received a letter from Professor Oliver Byrne , of Philadelphia , who was an Englishmen , and a Chartist , requesting them to elect him to represent the working clauses of this country . He would , therefore , move : — . "Thathe be elected by this Conference for that purpose , " Carried . The meeting then adjourned . THURSDAY , Mit 20 . Only six members were present . A resolution concerning dissensions , ' and an address to the country , engaged the 'Conference . ' The Debate * were of Httlo public interest , Suca report as they de . serve shall appear in our next namber .

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      METROPOLITAN DELEGATE COUNCIL . Sunday , May 16 th , 1852 .-Mr . Bligh was called to the chair . —Mr . Moring took his seat for the City Locality , in the absence of Mr , "Washington . The Chairman then made an appeal for the funds on behalf of the Manohoster Convention , but met with no response . —Mr . T . M . "Wheeler reported that the Observation Committee had resolved that the candidate standing highest on the poll should go to Manchester , in the event of the funds not permitting both to proceed thither ; the amount in hand and promised was £ 2 13 s . Cd . In reply to a question , Mr . Clark ( Secretary to Council ) said he had made application to the Ship Locality , but had not as yet received any reply to his communication . Mr . Stratton , as representative of that locality , was instructed to say , that no funds would be furnisliecl unless tho metropolis was in a condition to send two or more delegate 3 .-J . lv . Finlen brought uo tho

      address on behalf of the " People ' s Paper . "—Mr . Parrah moved that the address be not received . Hecould not conceive why one paper was to be put forward to the exelusion of another quite as good , and as muoh , at any rate , the organ of the Democratic body . " —Mr . Moving seconded the motion . —Mr . T . M . Wheeler thought suoh a motion should not bo discussed . —Mr . Stratton thought every proposer of a motion waB entitled to a fair hearing , and tho Chairman here rose to order , and said he thought such proceedings mere boy ' s play—Mr . A . Grant also rose to order , and said &uch conduct should not be permitted ; it was well calculated to break thom up . —Mr . Stratton persisted , and declared Mr . Farrah to be right in tbus faithfully representing the feelings of those who sent him there , and doing what ho was delegated to do . For his own part he would not belong to any clique ; he protested against

      any one man being made a god of . That portion of the address relative to Mr . Jones was the most fulsome sickining adulation he had ever heard ; it was only another Bpeoiea of Kingcraft . Ho could respeot any man for the good he had done , but he would not deify any one . Ho would therefore move— " That that portion of the addreBs , relative to tho Editor of tho ' People ' s Paper , ' be struck out . "—Mr . Farrah's proposition was negativcd .-On the adoption of the addresB being moved , Mr . Stratton moved his amendment . —Mr . Farrah seconded it . —Mr . Finlen do . fended the address whole and entire . —The original proposition wag carried by a majority of four . —Mr . Jones , under present circumstances , thanked them for that address . — Mr . Snelling eaid , great complaints had been made as to the mode of the late delegate election , some declaring it unfair . —Mr . Wheeler thought on the whole it was fairlv

      conducted . —Mr . Stratton thought the election a juggle ; for his part ho had not voted at all , being entirely opposed to the Manchester Conference . —Mr . Jones objected to theso proceedings . If there had been juggling , it was not with the Chairman or Council , but-onttiopMtof Mt . Mvimy and his friends of the Eeform League . —Mr . Stratton said , ho was not to be scared because strangers or reporters were present , nor would he be bound in consequence to say that , and only that , which would please Mr . Jones . He was an independent man , and would speak what he believed to be right . —Mr . E . Jones rose in anger , and demanded that Mr . Stratton should prove where the juggle lay . — Mr . Stratton rose apparently for the purpose , but the Chairman rose and demanded to defend himself from , what he denominated , " slander . " He had been tho Chairman on the occasion alluded to , and had done his best to have a

      fair poll taken—it was not at all likely that he would be a a party to a juggle when Mr . Murray -was his friend , and he wished it to be understood that the meeting itself decided that it should have the privilege of voting ' as often as it pleased . —Mr . C . Murray ( the defeated candidate ) vose , and asked permission to speak , but Mr . Ernest Jones demanded that Mr . Stratton should firat explain . —Mr . Stratton said , from the show of hands that first took place , he believed the majority to be in favour of Messrs . Jones nnd Murray , and had ib not been for what he muBt persist in calling a juggle . He believed Messrs . Jones and Murray would now be their delegates . —Messrs . Clark , Snelling , Murray , and the Chairman now rose together amidst much excitement . — Mr . C . Murray demanded a hearing , * and Baid , for himself he felt no annoyance at the deoision , but his friends were dissatisfied . But he could not allow . Mr . Ernest Jones to say if there waa a juggle , "It was " Mr . Murray and his

      mentis 01 tns Keiorm League , " that created it : It might suit Mr . Jones ' s purpose to run down the Reform League , but he ( Mr . Murray ) would not allow it in his presence . — Ihe matter dropped . —The Treasurer said he had only £ 2 93 . 43 d . m hand towards the Convention Fund .-Mr . otratton moved— " That , in consequence of the absence of funds , no delegate be sent . "—Mr . Farrah seconded the motlon .-Mr . Ernest Jones said if the bare third class fare were paid to himself and Ux Jialen i \ vss would both proceed to Manchester , and takt iheSindcr of the money as they could get it . —After a discu ^ inn Mr Stratton ' s motion 4 s lost . The funds ffi ^ JSSA to bo handed to the aelegates-eleet , and the Council adjourned . Bermosdsey . —We understand that the Bermondscv Chartist Locality meet at Mr . Heather' , C" kK street , Old Ivent-road , every Monday evening , at baKat nine , to transact business . 5 ( v

      Untitled Article

      W Wo shall be glad to receive Reports of Progress from Managers or SeowUri * of Co-oper ! tive Associations and Stows ? n v > 1 j t , * Scotland and Wales ' En 8 laud ' IreIand ' THE WORKING TAKERS' ASSOCIATION , ( By its late Secretary ^ A CHAPTER TOWARD THE ASSOCIATIVE

      HISTORY «« " »»*•« THE CAUSE OF QUARnpr inStwLlV TJ ° ^^ «« n «*^ naturea ' ndbHnl f \ mty a ? d - kindne 9 a d ™ out the better While SaSl ° " ; 8 ide Of hnmn nat « re u PP erm 08 t 1 llll \ lh T ne O * eelin « and one in interest , it is Ma . W > 8 natural t 0 ba kind t 0 each ° ther ' but , let the slightest cause of quarrel arise , and how quickly

      Untitled Article

      we are 3 wung round as on a pivot , and we turn the devil . Bide of us fuil-faeed on each other , a mist of blindness rises in the eye * , we retreat farther and farther , heart from heart , tne rift of difference widens and widens . What before appeared all bright , and pare , and clear , seems now like tha r « Tv ? Which we a ' ' ! the microscope , full of horrible 15 ! hi - tbin » . minifying is Evil ! And how „ h l 1 0 Ir , . . mstanee will serve to place us in this position , SenS of , f'J . ^ W ! I * & often wrought on the hS . Til * iSi ¦ \ y \ bakespeare l ! as , itj and 5 e knew , relations nf vt \ e have 8 een tlie dearest and nearest anSIJtatafftfir ' T ° rtheVeri 65 t trifl 2 ' Att a famiW—wWoV . ? . tlle va ! ae of five P 0 Ullds t ^ 0 "" <» l . r !?? .: wblch . « . hitherto . hMn «»«• . »» . » j . «;»«_ uiem to

      sur scramble for ^ nd » V 1 i ' ' them at daggers-dr V « eS ° f" about > " i ] I' ™ t 0 set wallh of love and affaS-ricS , "' 1 ^ ** V ™ *? ¦ omwtwedifferhow e ^ TMoStribS / i """ I evil intentions , which , mostV ^ bU ^ W otuS b ? t are purposely conjured up by the feeling which we Sure evi begetting evil . Working men areesnecially susc tS to his more especially in differing with each other " inthe firat place ,, self-educated men are most infernally self willedin the second , they are very prejudiced , and have so little arge-hearted charity for each other ; and thirdly , thev have been so often deceived by men cf their own order " , and tvran . msedoverby the raen who have arisen out of tbeir " owa ranks , and whose wealth and power have been built by their labour and poverty . This shows more and more the

      necessity of . a better state of things and circumstances to surround and develop Humanity . I believe there can be no general progression for humanity until we have an identity of interests , which would develop men by attraction , which is tha law of iove j whereas this terrible competition or antagonism of interests develops man by repulsion . And it also shows how easy it was for Walter Cooper and the men to differ and suspect each others' motives on their first cause of quarrel . I have mentioned that the law which had been , translated for the men at Castle-street were the laws of an association which had found its own capita ! ,, and , therefore , hart a right to aaks its own laws . These the men claimed . Walter Cooper objected . These laws would have given the men the power of introducing new members and of

      discharging other ? , without the veto of the manager . Now this would have been perfectly just in case the men had provided their own capital , but here the capital was lent to the manager , who was held solely responsible for the safety of it , and , therefore , could not consent to laws which would give the men a power over that capital , in opposition to his , and superior to it . Every man of common sense must perceive the unjnstn&n of such demands ; these men assumed to be Democrats , and yet they would have legislated aa they pleased with other people ' s money , and because they were not permitted to do so , they branded , as a tyrant , ihe man who thwarted them , and who was held responsible for the money . Why , j 8 not one of our greatest funda . mental democratic grievances flgaiast our present government toDe found in

      the very fact that they are legislating with other peopleb money ? Therefore the Democracy cannot thlm J ? fi- ie PerPetrati ° n of the same iniquity even in the most trivial shape . It appears to me that all the men bad to do , or could reasonabl y expect . was to make lhe beab terms compatible with their relative positions , and make all StCTftl ^ aA *> d raping frora he tyranny' which it imposed . But the great reason o £ SL S ? * i a"d this maii 8 " " 'ng of the manager as a ™* w «» th » -certain of the probationers had got aa inkling that the manager had found them out , and could not work with them , and that they , therefore , stood but little chance of becoming associates , so they protested against the manager having the right of selection or discharge of memben how nearl

      , seeing y it concerned them . They talked to the men of "Democracy , " "Tyranny , " and "Slavery , " like any atump-orators , irritated them , aroused their pride , and bound them down to stand by them in their dictatorship , and back them in their demands . Walter Cooper had sufficient reasons for not choosing such men to work with in the Association , more , of course , than need be laid before the public . Here is one , but it involves many others : — 60 determined was tbe principal man in this affair not to leave the Association , but to have a band in it , and to oust the manager , that he proposed to buy the concern , or rather sell it out of the hands of tlie Promoters , and offered to borrow £ 200 , as his part towards it . This was dangerous talk for a young Association ( indeed , it was not yet an As-Bociation . ) struggling with difficultiesand surrounded with

      , battling enmities . This was opening up a chance for any Slop-seller or Usurer to buy it up , and crush the affair at once . Was it not an imperative necessity to be rid of such men ; and where was tbe tyranny in excluding them ? Walter Cooper would have been a traitor to his order , and a traitor to tbe principle of Co-operation , not to have done so . Honour to him , say we , for daring to act in the man . ner he did ! for he knew that it was the sacrifice of his reputation with hundreds of the working men , who are 80 eager to catch at , and believe any calumny or lie spoken against one of themselves , especially if he is represented as a tyrant . A true and righteous instinct ! but one which has been fatally trafficked in . Walter Cooper knew all this , and acted as he thought for the beBt , despite of consequences j and , I do not think there is one man in the Asso .

      ciation now who challenges the wisdom of the policy which he then adopted . The Association was formed , when seventeen out of twenty were selected to become associates ; quite as many as could be expected , when it is considered that they were called together promiscuously , with little OC no previous knowlege of them . The excluded boasted that they had left a faction behind , which would yet break up tbe Association , in revenge for their dismissal . It was quite true that they left behind a faction which had to be dismissed also , but they did not succeed in breaking up and destroying the Association , though it had a narrow escape of the threatened danger . The men excluded continued to agitate and irritate the Association , until it became a matter of stern necessity to Bend others awav . After this , t went

      hings on calmly for some months , though it was felt that the calm was an ominous one , and was nursing up a storm of fury . There were continual indications of smouldering disquiet and discontent ; all the while llie Association was wonderously successful in a pecuniary sense . We succeeded in spite of ourselves . Success was thrust upon us . Never was an effort of working men for their mutual better . ance more eminently prosperous aa the world goes , and never was a cause more be-deviled by those engaged in it . Why , we had our balance sheet made out by an accountant for the first quarter , and divided some £ 40 iu profits , when it was afterwards discovered that more than that amount had been spent , without thebvoicea t aro ^ bwatatw ^ , which , if entered , would have left no profit at all to divide .

      Yet , we always balanced our cash ! Of course such a state of things was a fair ground of complaint on the part of the men , only they made the fatal mistake ( that is , the ' faction le ( t bahind ) of making it the medium of their revenge , and over-reached themselves . The books of the Association were always open to the men and to the customers , and , at the expiration of nine months , they were given up to those ap . pointed to examine them . There was blunders and mistakes enough in all conscience to have satisfied the most hungry mistake-mongers , but they lay on both sides , and somewhere about outset each other , thus demonstrating that there had been no " cooking" of accounts , with all our , ignorance of regular business routine . But . the appointed exarainerB only looked for mistakes on one side , and that of course against the management , and thus defeated their own aims .

      Fifty-four of their alleged mistakes were reduced to four , when explained . It is so natural for blind men to run against obstructions ! Still , the blundering and misrepresentation of these men caused great irritation among tha rest of the associates , and we went on from bad to worse . Bickerings between the men and manager increased , and at length things came to a crisis . It was found that they could no longer go on together , theiefoie , each party having made their representation to the promoters of the expertment , those gentlemen were called in to separate the combatants , judge their caae , and give their award . Botl parties signed a document , binding them to abide by th * decision of the promoters , whatever it might be . After lonj and anxious consideration of the subject , tbe award wa s W f M ^ A l > een Prillted in the " Christian Socialist '

      , , rt mt t \ * v + It nT s \ £ aa »«« II .. Tl . _ 1 11 \ « . 11 and m » Notes to the People" ) - ^ purport was , that the Association should be dissolved , and a new one fumed , the basis of which should consist of the Manager , the Cutter , and two man out of the shop , whom the promoters speci ' fled } it was stipulated that these four should select a fifth , the five should choose a sixth , and so on , until the newaas ociation should number all that were necessary . It has been asserted that the promoters can do this at any time , of then own accord , which is false , as they bave no power to do so unless called in by the niei :. The promoters bad no voice in the nou-re-eleotion of certain members , and the manager had but one vote . It must not be thought thai tbe men who were excluded were only those who had rendered themselves obnoxious by their suspicions , quarreling ? , &Ci ; for a long time previous the work of the Association

      had been complained of , and the men , knowing that work done in association ought to equal , and as far a 3 possible excel the work done in the competitive world , resolved tc sift the Association , at this opportunity , of all bad and indifferent workers . This was a painful duty , because a man might be an indifferent worker , and yet a " jolly gooc fellow , " This was the case with certain associates of thi Castle-street Association , but it wbb resolved to sacrifice friendship at the shrine of principle , and it was done Altogether , nine of the old associates were not re-elected but these were not robbed of the fruit of their accumulate labour as has been falsel y asserted , each man bad hi 8 fai share of the net profits , earned while he was an associai HZTo ?*!? . " 1 Vfi ? accouutftnt Md a diBi ^ reste played toward the Association , and of Us present positior I shall Bpesk m my next and last letter . Gerald Massey .

      Ecntocrattc #Fcft«Ntttts. 71 ^I ^Tt^Tt ^X^

      Ecntocrattc # fcft « ntttts . 71 ^ I ^ TT ^ TT ^ x ^

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      25 , 1855 . THE STAR OF FREEDOM . % * " — - .... ¦ .- —¦ .- " ' ^ o « ___ --,,-, ^ ¦ I " ' " ' " ^ T ^ mmmm ' ¦ ' ~ . «

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), May 22, 1852, page 5, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1679/page/5/