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      Untitled Article

      r , nrv of tie Restoration of Monarchy in France . fcj SJ ^ g ^ Hjo ,, int III . London : ^ ft of M ° Lamartine ' history narrates the 0 an exceeding ly short period , but one crowded f m aterials for the Urtmwi . lt opensi nd , : toaatElba , aud ends with his restoration to 'Cne at Paris by a coup d ' etat more astonishe La that of his nephew , but less brief m the ' ! L of its success than that of the latter is apf ] v likely to be . We have on former occasions

      , , . * f the manner in which M . Lamartine Btrips ''^¦• on of the halo by which former historians have tvn around his name , and shown how dearly purr * as the ' glory' of which go much has been 'I teil . Whatever may be the traditional fame jj , vliich publicists , roinancists , and poets have in-^ his memory , his rule was hateful to the people ; ; i i , 8 was in life—and when he was banished from slice to Elba , that hatred was markedl y evinced . , parsed to his first rock on the sea , not amidst the , and the lamentations of on attached , but the

      , aud the detestation of a Buffering and an iu' ¦ $ & peop le : — H , fwnd the South all up and stirring with irritation jfm aHcism against his name . The recollection of the fle cni ! on 3 of the Cevennes , the religious causes converted iiiid perpetuated as political causes , the massacres of iir . on , the insurrections of Marseilles , the taking of Tou-, j , v the English , the quick and impassioned character of . ywple , where the fire of the son seems to inflame all Ins , had left amongst the parties in these provinces ele-, , 5 of fermentation easily called into action . The masses , j reflective and more sensual than in the north of France , i preserved there , more than elsewhere , the impassioned

      'I _ .. . f . ij ji ? « _«• it nM ± . _ < -eriiirion ! of old things and of old races . The return of , p )( U , rV . > ns to Paris had appeared to the royalist people lie Snath a personal victory of their own over the oppoyr mrtv . The name of Sapoleon represented there all t the peop le aDhorred ; his fall did not seem to them a _ ' nd a surety sufficient against the possible return fis domination . His death alone could assuage the , ad a » d hatred which he inspired . The dregs of the me b < d bee n agitated for some days at the rumour of ex pected passage under the ' walls of Orange and of i-non ; and if crime wa 3 not actually meditated amongst ot , at least they prepared outrage . It was intended i Le should leave France accompanied by the

      irapreca-DS of the South ; and the commissioners , wiio were in-¦ iied o f this disposition on the part of the people , could v secure the safety of their captive by sheltering his iWilarity under false indications of hours which misled Iwipalace , and under the shades of night which hid i from the towns and villages through which he passed , . ofthe couriers who preceded his carriage , on arriring Or"on . found the multitude assembled in the square , niuitfingan effipy ofXapoleon hung up on a gibbet , in it of the post-house , and threatening to carry into effect t infamous punishment on the person of the tyrant . This rler returned with all speed to acquaint the comniisirrs with the disposition of the rabble . They accordingly

      • if ned their progress ; they pretended to have received liter-orders . and the town was misled as to the moment lie Emperor ' s arrival . The impatient crowd therefore M-sed ; and Xapoleon , disguised as a courier , wearing at and cloak which entirely concealed his features , » d thus , under favour of the twilight , the last group eh awaited h ' ra carriage in the square ; but he heard murmurs , the maledictions , and me menaces of death ch arose at his name . At the tavern of the Accolade , > re he stopped to wait for the commissioners , he was

      oba to assume another disguise to pass through the town iix , where the same hatred existed against him . The es of "Down with the Corsican , " "Death to the ant , " pursued him from stage to stage . At Aixtho Ksperation was so great that the authorities were corn-Bed to close the gates of the city to prevent the populace Bu lushing , armed with murderous weapons , to the road was to pass . His carriage took a circuitous route , ¦ ch removed him from the walls ; but the outcries of the Bird reached his ears whiht they changed horse 3 to draw Bowards the coast . ¦" . " .

      Bnriug bis stay at Elba , Bonaparte took great us to deceive Europe into the idea that he was fectly resigned to his fate . He devoted the reinder of his large fortune to the embellishment of i island , and the formation of a small fleet , to which gave a flag as to a naval power intended to mainii a position in the Mediterranean . At the same )? , works of art , furniture , books , and the journals Europe , arrived incessantly . All outwardl y be-; ened contentment and permanence , at the very aicat that he was weaving those subtle schemes

      ended to regain for him the throne from which he I been driven . The expedition 7 was prepared with at secresy , and it was not nntil the fleet was at ; , that he communicated to those by whom he was Bimpanied the nature of the enterprise in which By were engaged-. " Thettdventurers landed at the Bf of Juan , and their reception was by no means Ban encouraging description , as far as the peasants Bro concerned . In fact , .. throughout , we are con-Hially reminded , that Bonaparte ' s popularity -was Bb the soldiery alone : —

      ¦> o the appearance of these vessels , the noise of the Bin ; , the echo of the acclamations , and at the sight of K ? uniforms dear to the recollections of the people , ¦ dr . org of'some scattered cottages in the neighbourhood ¦? opened , and astonished and hesitating peasants timidl y B / f ecLsd the camp of Napoleon . The soldiers received Hi with open arms , pointed out the Emperor to them , invited them to fraternise . But the peasants displayed Hp hesitation and terror than enthusiasm ; one alone , an ¦ BoMier , accosted toe Emperor , and requested to be en-IB' ! in his battalion . " He is the first , " said Napoleon ¦ i = officers ; "they will all follow , for their hearts are Hp me ! " Though he affected confidence , however , he

      j Mwidently staggered by the slowness and indecision of ¦ fceopleof this coast in joining his standard .. He was JBrance , and remained more isolated than he was in ^ m lie summoned an officer of the line , and ordered lM to march at the head of a detachment of twenty-five to the town of Antibes , which was near the shore ¦ Jr c he had landed , to call npon the garrison and the » le , in the name of the Emperor , to unfurl the tri-¦ tii-ed flag there , and gam over the soldiers . The officer » rted , full of confidence . Bat the tidings of Napoleon ' s ^ P"nt on the coast with a handful of men , had already

      B conveyed by some royalist peasants to General Cor-Mcommandant cf Antibe 3 . Without hesitating between mt ^ collections and his duty , he took measures to cut off Wroops from all contact with the emi 38 aries of Napo-A- The detachment sent by the Emperor , instead of jBr Wine itself with parleying outside the gates , boldly » roa the town with cries of " Tive l'Empereur ! " which t » received for echo the cry of " Tive le Roi" amongst dWwple . and boldness , and silence from the garrison . mh *\ Corsm ordered the drawbridge to be suddenly « m behind the detachment , and both officers and men V « ained as prisoners in the town .

      » elay would have perilled all . The attempt to < fi ; and chastise the garrison , or recover his ae-W ™ ™* ; would have given time to prepare to give ff not jreception . Actingonhisusualtacticsof rapid 5 W \ " ! emj and taking nphisposition by surprise , he tcMf !! e ° forward , relying on the spell of his name , and g W suddenness of Ms appearance , for winning over ! l » ° M ? ershe was not prepared to fight . Nor -was & ¦ fcceived . Between La Mure and Grenoble he ^ B' !^ e fi ™ t battalion that opposed bis passage , and s » ct « l the dramatic scene that opened up the way sifluie capital almost unopposed . That scene has ^^ fQ b een painted on canvas and described in words , i ^ B ^ y none more graphically than by M .

      LamarmT-** B ¥ rY ^ ttln S la " Mure , the Emperor composed his vanyMr * « lOO pick-dmenfrom that chosen body always under TB .. ; , , ? Cambronne . This general , on advancing w- ' - 'Js a brid ge at some distance from La Mare , found B *" . j ° jont of a new battalion . The envoy he sent to al . ' r ' r 51 ^ 3 ^ Peace was driven back . Tee Emperor « ior l ° mf d of this a ain dispatched one of his officers , R . w T £ attack the battalion which refused to RDPdtw ^ nt Raoul threatened with their fire , re-EmT S 2 ? glwai < i - Napoleon felt that the mo-= 41 4 oldS p ?* th 8 tt » t ^ <> wn ascendancy K ff 98- He passed through his column , or-Z I It ' ^ /^ forward at a gentle pace , almost » " ^ 1 TV hlS amy - * * Whether ' he had iK ., ;? . ? . ^^ accomolices at Grenoble that the

      »« of a ^ dio ° u beat in Ws f ^ our ; whether the Woudeaa ^? ^ battle fieW ^ d inured him to ri < Mh « thZ ^ "P ^^ ce by the fire than by the *« 5 ^» 2 tefti ? llt 6 ilfce - his de P artnre from Elba « ; 5 »« ttom " Pn + ii t 3 powera in anticipation of this su-M ^ JTSrt . ^ *"? " « fc * d «^ d that his en terprise ^ Ctt ? ^ ? ' Certsm il " that he did fjBneps b nf moa >™ t . He neither hastened or slackened £ » fiSPh r f d mth } Z a hnndred P aces <> tbo fw ^ SSinST awa l before him « n Re read . JSNhSf ^ l- ^ the «^ to one of his Poles , W ^ te p & h * W , and advanced with meal iVW toite ofX - . who marches to his death . Itwas ' » " ? ^ tT ei ? Ta -r - ° tha ™ y and people ap jt ^ -c of t £ 6 en ' £ m * * 3 * rising from the tomb , between itm ^ tK send . ' ^ ictur ^ fcad a ^ e en . t ^^ or&if ^? ? ^ all ; the military hat , the « ' * W 5 £ JS ^ lnfaDt -ry of the guard , theover-* Mi ;\ * * $ > rSi ^ l' T ? di 3 P yi » gWsunder iJ ^ B ^' : ais tttitmi * boots ana s Purs ringing on the ?¦ ? ** £ or o ?^ , of reaection ' » lSoh nothtoj r ¦ ' Wee . Herto *^" comniand . ^ hich donb tBnotof imP ** i&S £ l * t of the road fiSJ jm venon , . ™ t he was about to accost . No group ! ^ fcf ^ Sl & ba 8 ld ? ™* . w behind ^ him , ^» -i ^ presti ge . ^ fl ^ g « een in all the illusion of his £ « ^•^ figure stendiD ^ oat boWly and alone B

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      against the background of the high-road , and the blae firmanent beyond . ¦ To strike such- a m » o , whom the soldiers recognised as their former idol , would have been in their eyes , not to fight , but to assassinate . NftpOleon had calcu . lated from nfar this challenge of glory to humanity and to the heart of the French soldier , and he was not mistaken ; but it required a profound genius to attempt , and a Napoleon to accomplish it . His grenadiers , at a great distance behind him , stood with their arras reversed , as : i token of peace . The officer commanding the fifth regiment , doing violence pet tnv > s to his feelings in the execution of his duty , Or knotvin '' hef . jrt'hand the resnlntinn nf his cnMiprs nnt to against the background of the high-road , and the blue fir-

      strike their Emperor , and only wishing to intimidate the army of Napoleon by an appearance of discipline , ordered hisbattalonto fire . The E 0 ldier 3 appeared to obey , and took aim at A ' apoieon , who , without stopping or betraying any emotion , advanced within ten steps of the muskcU levelled at his breast , and elcvarins tbat spell-like and re-Bounding voice , which had so ofun directed the manoeuvres of the review , or of the field of battle , " Soldiers of the fifth regiment , " he exclaimed , deliberately uncovering his breast , and presenting his naked bust to receive their fire , " if there is one amongst you who would kill his Emperor , let him do it . Here I am ! " There was no reply ; all remained silent and motionless . The soldiers had not even

      loaded their muskets , as if they distrusted themselves , Having gone through the semblance of obedience and fidelity to discipline , they thought they had done their duty , and that the heart mig ht now be left to its own course , and the hearts of all spoke with one voic « . At first a thrill of feeling ran through the battalion , then a few musketB were lowered , then a greater number , and finally , the whole , while a cry of" Vive l'Empcreur" issued from every mouth , which was replied to by a shout from the grenadiers of the guard , in the distance , of " Vive the fifth regiment of the line . " Some of the officers quitted the ranks and took the road to Grenoble , that they might not be carried away by the emotion of their companies , ? yhile others wiped their eyes , sheathed their swords , and yielded to the general

      contagion . The soldiers quitting the ranks , rushed along with the people to surround the Emperor , who opened his arm 3 to receive them ; while his own faithful soldwrs following the example , hastened to the spot , and mingled in one group and one acclamation with those of the fifth . It was the junction of France , past and present , embracing each other at the call of glory—the involuntary sedition of hearts . Napoleon had conquered by disarming himself ; his name alone had done battle . From this moment France was re-conquered , the trial had been made , tho eXample given . At a distance people might be faithful to duty , but when near , enthusiasm would seize on all ; tlie exami-le of the fifth regiment was worth more to the Emperor than the defection of ten armies .

      However much the events which preceded his sudden restoration to power were calculated to surround it with a specious popularity , M . Lamartine lets us behind the scenes , and brings out the real unpopularity of the invasion . The only agents in its succesi were the soldiers , the same instruments on which the Napoleon of the day relies for the maintenance of his usurped position . The people were then as now , crashed , and seemed to have neither courage nor influence . They hated the Emperor , but they were unarmed . They had no free press , and the relations of ruler and people were those of deception and mistrust .

      If the people did not protest by civic opposition , they protested very generally by their sorrow and their estrangement . History never recorded more audacity in the uaurpation of a throne , or a more cowardly submission of a nation to an army . France lost on that day somewhat of its character , the majesty of its law , the res peot of its liberty . Military despotism was substituted for publio opinion . The pretorians mado a mockery of the people . The Lower Empire of Rome enacted in Gaul one of those scenes which degrade history , and humiliate human nature . The only excuse for- such an event Is that the people were depressed under ten years of military government , tbat the army was rendered fanatic by ten years of prodigies , and that its idol was a hero . But this hero himself was not long in expiating his attempt against the nation which he had just pounced npon , by finding in his own palace the

      dishonourable necessity of compounding with his accomplices , the unreasonableness of tho opinions which he must purchase by hourly sacrificess , the forced division of power with his secret enemies , the cupidity , the manoeuvres , the intrigues , and the treasons of the palace of the Cassars . He wished to reign at any sacrifice , and he was now destined to impose a reign no longer , bnttobeg it ; to purchase every adhesion by shameful cancessions ; to tremble before those whom he formerl y made tremble with a gesture ; to be the slave of those whom he had returned totnslave ; tfl submit to the murmurs , the contradictions , the caprices , and the insolences of the political bodies ; to take refuge in camps where he could find victory no mo ' re ; to fly from a court in which he no longer found safety . The first night that he passed without sleep at the Tuileries began the vengeance of his triumph , and the expiation of his happiness .

      It would almost seem as if M . Lamartine were relating the events of today . Can we doubt as to the ultimate results now , when histor y records the inevitable sequence of such actions ? The extracts we have made render commendation of this interesting and graphic history unnecessary . M . Lamartine carries the reader along with him by the impulsive and passionate flow of his narrative— - more like a poet than a historian ; but his personal familiarity with many of the actors in these momentous and stirring icenes , enables him to stamp a truthfulness upon them for which we may vainly look in ¦ works / written in accordance with the critical canons of historical narrative .

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      Mount Athos . Thessaly and Epirus : a Diary of a Journey from Constantinople to Corfu . By G . F . Bowen . Esq ., M . A . London : Kivington . The principal object of M . Bowen ' s journey , was to supply fall and accurate information as to the dia » cipline and present state of the Gre ek Monasteries ; and having deviated from the usual method , of taking a steamer from Constantinop le to the oapital of the Ionian Islands , he is enabled also to present the attraction of a comparatively novel route through Thessalyand Epirus . The three chief monastic

      societies in Macedonia , Thessaly , and Arcadia , are Mount Athos , Meteora , and Megaspelason . The first named being the principal monastic seat , is discr ibed atthegreatestlength . Itcomprises a whole district , including not only the peak of Athos itself , but the wholepeninsulaof Acte , upon which itis situated . Thi 3 peninsula is forty miles long , ' aud about nine miles broad atits broadest part ; and the wholeof it belongs to a monastic society of Greek Christians tolerated by the Turks , under a kind of charter which has been respected since the es tablishment of the Turkish empire . The most curious feature of this

      society is , the absolute exclusion from it of every female creature , whether of the human species or of any other capable ( this capability not extending to insects , as Mr . Bowen found to his cost ) of being kept out . — About three hours from Erisso , where the promontory of Acte , properly so cailed , begins , a steep ridge of hills stretches across the peninsula , from sea to sea . Surmounting this natural barrier of the holy mountain by a difficult , zigzag path , we soon come to the station of the frontier guards , where a few soldiers of the armed body which the holy community maintains in its pay are stationed , to keep out robbers , -women , and female animals- of all kinds . No mare , cow , she-cat , hen , Ac , has been from immemorial

      custom , admitted into the precincts of the holy mountain but all the monasteries swarm with huge tom-cats , imported from the neighbouring islands , some of which animals have been taught by the younger monks the most amusing tricks—to throw summersets , and the like—which , I confess , helped to enliven the tedium of the long evenings and rainy days which I spent under the shelter of the ' sacred walls . Thii rigorous rule for the exclusion of the female sex takes its origin partly from superstition and partly from policy . Many of the monks reyere AthO 3 as a place sanctified by many miracles , and which would be profaned , like St , Senanus ' s island , by the presence of a woman ; but the more intelligent among them consider tho prohibition necessary only to the maintenance of ascetio disciplin e .

      The society inhabiting the peninsula thus guarded from feminine approach is , of C 0 UT 86 , recruited from the male world witbout . —whosoever is willing to submit to the monastic rule which governs it being admitted after due probation . Only a small proportion of the whole , however , are in holy orders ; the larger number being Caloyers , i . e . ' good elders ; ' who till the lands . If an applicant for admission into the society brings with him 2 , 000 piasters , or about £ 1 G sterling , he becomes a" kind of gentleman-caloyer , and is exempt from labourer ' s work , —the poorer lay

      members performing all the drud gery . Though the priests properly so called are exempt , in virtue of their office , from menial work , yet few of even the poorer caloyers care to become priests—the duties of the church service in the monasteries being so onerous that most prefer the labours of laymen Such of the members of the society as have entered it in adult years retain , of course , recollections , more or less vivid , of that excluded phenomenon woman . To those who entered it young , itmnstbe a mere myth ; the vagueness of which is amusingly exemplified in the

      following passage : — " My companion mentioned to me the superstition held by the sailors of the J ! ge » n , that women who have presumed to land on th « Holy Peninsula have been invariably struck dead for their impiety ; and rather itartled me by suddenly asking , " What sort of human creature * we women ? " ( ThAmbB p *™ « vaiai . 7 wtuK «;) - _ j U 8 t as if a German waste ask , ' W" f ^ Mensohen sind die Frauanlimmern ? " My reply tthb , ' flave you neret seen »

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      woman ?" . ( Atv tlSes iroTe fiiavyvviuKa ;) . when he assured me that he bad seen onjy his mother , and that he had forgotten even htr appearance , as ' he had been sent to the mountain on a visifto-an uncle when . ouly four years old and had never crossed its limits since—a period of twentyfour years . He was very inquisitive about women ; whom he had heard and read « f , but . had never seen—of whom in short , he appeared to know about as much as I know ofcrooodiUa and hippopotamuses . For " oharity ' a sake I quoted to him the old rule of St . Bernard , how the " ancient enemy , by female society , has withdrawn many a poul from the right path to Paradise ; " and Ibade my unsophistica ted friend thank Providence that he , at least , was safe from tha woman " ?" . ( Atv et&ts varl » U mmIu ^ » h . iT ^ HI

      dangerous allurements of those syrens of real life , who had assaulted so many anchorites , from St . Anthony down to St . Kevin , and who , I told him , were but ugly likonesses of the picturen of the Virgin in the convent churches . This was no extravagant complement to the fair sex , for the Greeks are too much afraiii of idolatry to represent any such "eyes of most unholy blue" as beam from tbe canvass of the Italian masters . All their pictures of saints are in a style of traditional and conventional ugliness . Before my departure , I amused myself by translating into Greek Anaoreontio verses , and leaving for ttie edification ^ of the good fathers as many appropriate couplets in the " Irish MelodieV . ' as I could call to mind for instance

      Ala *! the poor monk little knew What that wily sex can do , and the like . The convents at Meteora , are erected upon . mountain ? inaccessible except by ladders or a primitive kind of crane . Mr . Bowen did not feel inclined to scale the perpendicular cliffs by means of very questionable-looking ladders , but ventured up in the net . A report was rife that the rope had broken not long before , and a monk been dashed to pieces ; but our traveller judiciously argued , there will now be a new rope , and greater care after such an accident .

      I fired off a pistol , to attract tho attention of the monks : when , long before the echo reverberated by tbe cliffo around had died away over Pindus , two or three cowled heads were thrust out from under the covered platform projecting from the summit of the rock , and which resembles the shed on the top story of a lofty London warehouse . The rope , too , is worked in a similar way , by a pulley and windlass . After reconnoitering us for a moment , and see * ing tbat we were not strong enough to carry their monastery by a coup de main , the monks threw down what seemed a strong cabbage net , lowering at the same time a thick rope with an iron hook at its end . My , guide spread the net on the ground , and I seated myself in it cross-legged , he then gatbsred the meshes together over my heai , and hung them on the hook . The monks . above then worked

      their windlass , and in about three minuteB and a half I reached the summit , a distanoe of between 200 and 300 feet , winging to and fro in the breeze , and turning round like a joint of meat roasting before a slow fire . This inoonvenience might easily be prevented by another rope being held by a person below , as is done in the shafts of mines ; but that is a Cornish luxury which has not yet occurred to the good fathers . Of course , as I begin to ascend , my weight draws the net close , until my kneeB are pulled up to my chin , and I am rolled into a ball like a hedgehop . The guide told me to shut my eyes to escape giddiness ; but I soon opened them , on feeling myself banged pretty sharply against the rough side of the rock ; and I swung myself ofr again by a convulsive push of the kneen . The height is indeed , diwy enough ; for I could no longer see the narrow

      ledge from which I had Btarted , nor the winding path which led to it , but looked right down on the plain of Tbe 88 aly a thousand feet or more beneath . During the ascent , the rope occasionally slips from one spoke to another on the windlass ; when of course , you fall like a piece of lead for a few yardB , and are then caught up with a mightily disagreeable jerk . On reaching the level of the projecting shed above , you are left hanging for half a minute over the aoyss , till the monks leave the capstan , and fish you in with a pole like a boat-hook . They have no such contrivance as a turning-crane for landing their guests ; in fact , their machinery is altogether of a most primative order . You lie on the floor a perfect hel pless ball , until they undo the meshes of the net from the hook , unrol you , give you a gentle shake , and then hel p you to your feet ,

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      PRINCESS ' S THEATRE . The great success of the " Coraican Brothers" has led to a revival of "Pauline , " the drama of last year , and another instance of how much can be done with a slight subject when histrionic excellence and managerial skill are employed to give it effect . Mr . Kean , by bis exaot representation of the cool gentleman-like French villain , who feaifl nothing , and hesitates at nothing , but is never betrayed into ooarseness or vulgarity , created almost a now opooh in melodramatic acting . Murderers had often been aeon on the stage before , and horrors similar to Bome of those in

      " Pauline" had often been perpetrated , but such a thoroughly civil villain at ) Ceunt Horace , with auch a perfeot quietude of courage , was not to be found every day . Mrs . Kean , as the . suffering lady , first tortured by a horrid fascination for a inan . she feels she cannot esteem , then paralysed by terror at her husband ' s atrocities , and , laBtly , worn out by sickness and ill-usage , perfectly oompletes the picture , and the audience are balanced between ' sympathy lor the gentle victim aud awe at the chilly . persecutor . The terrors , which are brought in close succession , were as effective as ever on Monday night , and the audience contemplated with breathless attention-the agonies of the lady in the solitary chateau and the fearful duel across tu 9 , tuble .

      LYCEUM THEATRE . After this week the Lyceum will close till Easter . The only pieces performed since Christmas bare been the "Game of Speculation , " and the "Prince of Happy Land , ' so that the bill has ^ not been changed for a period of three months , while the audiences every night have beon most numerous . This fact is , we believe , without parallel ia the annals of the modern drama .

      ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION . _ "We ate decidedly of opinion tbat the popular lectures delivered in the theatres of this institution contribute more to the spread of scientific knowled ge than all the learned treatises that couid be written upon the subject . Mr . J . II . Pepper , the chemical lecturer , has this week introduced to notice a new kind of phosphorus , supplied to him by Messrs . Sturge , of Birmingham , and which is called Schrotter Amorphous , or red phosphorus . It * principal superiority over the old kind appears to bo in ifc-j being far less dangerous and deleterious to the health of those employed in tbe manufacture in which it is used . In the course of his lecture the learned professor stated that 100 , 000 lbs weight of phosphorous was annually consumed , a great portion of which was in the manufacture of lucifer matches ; and from a calculation made by a clever statistician , a saving of nearly £ 100 , 000 in money was annually effected by the substitution of this kind of match for the old-fashioned tinder-box and brimstone match such as were in general use thirty years

      ago . He then proceeded to show that this remarkable substance was discovered by Brandt , of Hamburgh , in the year 16 G 9 ; that in . 1737 Scuule discovered that phosphorous was contained in lime ; and here the lecturer observed , phosphate of lime was the priucipal mineral constituent of tho human body , and was contained in all the tisiues-in all the fluids—the saliver—the gastric juice—the blood—and that to its presence was owing the solidity of bone and the hardness of testli . He also informed his audience , that the same substance was introduced by manufacturers of artificial teeth ; and exhibited some most beautiful specimens of mineral teeth with a gum , made by Mr , Moggridgo , of Old Burlington-street , London , which presented a most natural appearance , and were so hard as to admit of their being driven into a deal board , like nails , without cracking . The lecture was concluded by his showing that phosphorous may be procured from burnt bone and Band , aud tbat the new invention . was of so innocbous a nature asto admit of its being swallowed by itself , and might be packed in bprrells for transport , instead of . being kept like the other under water . He also expressed his obligations to those gentlemen who had forwarded him the specimens be had ex hibited .

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      RSPIT OP THE SUPBBIOR OV TUB " SlBTEES OP MbROT . "The Exeter and Plymouth papers publish abstracts of tho reply which , at the request of the Bishop of Exeter , Mist Sellon has made . to the tract accusing her of numerous " Popish" practices , written by the Rev . J . Spurrell , vicar of Great Shelford , Cambridgeshire . Miss Sellon acknowledgeith&t ihe has advised her pupils or " children ! ' to confess , and she states that confession is practised " by thousands in the English church , " and that " the benefit of absolution " is granted by Episcopal clergymen . She does not deny that one of her pupils , as an act of penance , waB ordered to make the si gn of a cross on the floor , with htr

      tmgue-il must have been an act of " self-abasement , " ordered by a clergyman consulted by the lady ; and she heard that it has been recommended for sins of falsehood , ta ., " by one of our bishops and eminent divines . " Misi Sellon alsowaBhea the feet of he * " ' children" and others , doing it " in obedience to our Lord ' s command . " Her pupils also wear " religious symbols" under their drcsa . She also acknowledges to burning oaudlrs before a print of the Virgin and Child in her private oratory . fand argues in favour of praying for the dead and the guardianship of angels . In short , there does not seem to be one material allegation in Mr . Spurrell ' s pamphlet which Miss Sellon does not rather justify or extenuate than den ? .

      The Clmcross Collision on the Midland Railway . —At the last Derby Assizes the widow of the late John Blake , Esq ., obtained a verdict for £ 4 , 000 damages for tho death of her husband , occasioned by a collision noar Clayoross in May last . The company have since succeeded in obtaining a new trial on the ground of misdirection by the judge . The case was to have been tried again at the present assizes , but on Friday week a compromise was effeoted on the following terms : —The Midland . Company to pay Sirs . Blake the sum of £ 2 , 500 , and each party to bear their own costs of the legal proceedings . We understand that Mrs . Meynell , the widow of J . 6 . Meynell , Esq ., a magistrate of the county of Derby , ¦ who was killed by the same collision , has accepted from the company the sum of £ 2 , 000 in liquidation of all claims against them for the death of her husband . —Railway Record .

      Secbssions trom the Chbrch " op ; Romb . —It is reported that Lord Beaumont and his sister , tbe Hon . Miss Stapleton , have at length seceded from the Churoh of Rome , and become members of the Church of England . The event of Lord Beaumont ' s secession had been for tome time deemed probable . Lady Beaumont is , as she always has been , a member of the Church of England . Her ladyship ia dwigk terto Lord Kilmaine . The Hon . Mr . Stapleton , brother to the' noble lord , seoeded from the Church of Rome about fifteen months sinw . —Sell ' s Messenger .

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      COM AND GUARBVOX ~ At the meeting held . in . Manchester for the revival of tha League , it will be remembered that Mr . JamOS H : irr ey of Liverpool , moved an amendment with reference to the Currenoy , which was hooted down by the assembled Lwvguers . Thoir organs also espended no small amount of ridicule upon that gentleman ' s Vfews . Now , we reuember Mr . Harvey as an exceedingly actire and influential member of the League in former times . He was a member o . f its council , and vice-president of the Andi-Monopol y Association , at Liverpool , and we conscientiousl y believed at that time he wns labouring for the general benefit . Subsequent experience and reflection have , however , convinced him that the system whieh he laboured to- establish is not only one-sided and unjust in its operation , but that it will bo essentially destructive in the long rim to-the best interests of society . He has , therefore , addressed a letter to Mr . G , Wilson , the chairman of the League , giving his reasons for this change of opinion ; and as the Free Trade ' T ^ . "" ;~~ : ~ - " -

      organs are not likely to present their readers with Jthe important views stated by Mr . Harvey , we willingly comply "with tho request to lay their substance before our readers . ^ Mr . Harvey quotes a statement of Mr . Cobden ' s before a Committee of the House of Commons , j n 1840 , wlueh th « t gentleman appears to have attached less importance in subsequent years than it deserves : — " I believe great evils have been occasioned to the trade and manufactures of tho country in 18 i ! 0 and 1837 , and the subsequent periods , by fluctuations in the Currency greater evils—pecuniary , social , and moral—than by the { ailure of all the banks of issue since they were first established in this country . " Mr . Harvey thus states bis rocantation and his reasons — Previously giving entire credence to the dogma that lies at the root of Free Trade , that ' Cheapness was the synonym of plenty , ' I was a warm Advocate of Free Trade Let me confess , however , I never could clear my conscience " when pursuing Free Trade , that I was not iniurincr tho

      English farmer . I soothed and allayed my feeling by anticipating a geueval prosperity . That prosperity never came My proof is , that the annual emigration amounts to three hundred thousand souls ; with this important feature developed in late yenrs , that this stream of eelf-devoted H ! p J ? - K Onfine ? t 0 the lrish » but consists Principally ot our English population . ' frnm WnS nquiry h ' ?? show " *«» t cheapness may arise iExr . fi ? ? o ^ 7-that universal cheapness is only an * xoionetory deBoienoy ; in other words , that cheap whioTnrn ? T ? J " " ^^ Gbea P ne 83 3 the " 3 Tn 5 ir ? Tfate' ^ the feet of capital . Your Free SuJS ,,, I ™ 6 th 6 P ^ u of the moneyed intere » t by compelling us to give much labour for little money . You are allies to usury . You worship eold . You nl nT

      im i * m ltl 8 you w ° <> enable Lord Overstone , that most Soffh 0 3 r - ? onger < \« ^« you Mtfirss Ei ^ jfflG&d : " little finger ia heafiep jH l - Cob ! ? ndMr - Bri S > and other leaders , have had their attention repeatedly called , and with an infatuated pertinacity have blinded themselves , to the fact , that price is regulated by monoy-that the battle between them ana tne rrotectionigts is one of price—and that it is a stupid omission in both parties to leave out of consideration money m which price is expressed . Why was wheat m Pitt s time ei ghty shillings , and in Peel ' s time forty shillings 1 This cannot be traced to demand and supply , but to the fact that money was more plentiful in Pitt ' s time than m Peel s—that in Pitt ' s time we had an expansive currency and in Peel s time our money consisted of a dear and scarce commodity—Gold . iu " l \ £ 1 ? V ttention t 0 * Engineers' Strike as a proof that the battle between labour and capital still rages . Free Trade does not bring peace .

      I beg of you to cast one thought on the future . Have you no fear of the judgments of posterity ? Do the strictures of the future historian on the onesidedness and inoompleteness of your system possess no influence on you ? Did you ever give a thought to the importance of the prinl ? n j taxation must be ^ . ded to price , and that Free Trade renders this act of common justice impossible ? Suppose you should be wrong . Do not mistake me . The Protectionist who , with a gold money , attempts to secure remunerative price , is supporting a political juggle . Do not for a moment believe that I have any sympathy with Aim . Be assured that the cheapness , which , you ignorantly worship as the symptom of plenty , is merely an agent for making the rich more rich , and the poor more poor . The producers—that is , the workers , the poor—sell cheap ; the consuraers-that is , the annuitants , interest receivers , the wealthy—buy cheap . It is an undeniable benefit to all living on fixed incomes ; it is an unmitigated ovil to tho producers who have to give much labour for little 4 vk «|| ri 44 ¦

      money . ff ^ . - | O — - « vvvaB yv IVUVJ Let me call your attention to the operation of CheaD-? n i « 9 ?! f TttXatSS" ^? taxa £ 5 on < * > in 1868 , fifty millions ; id 1821 it was fifty millions ; but according to the ' Times ' the sovereign has doubled in purchasing power ; ' that is the producer to get his sovereign to pay twonty shillings of taxation , has to bring twice as much produce into the market now as he did in . 1821 . So hence taxation is doubled . But this view of the question is entirel y lost sight of by the Financial Reformers , who are an offshoot of Free traders . . « lAgail ™ £ - f ! J rade is ^ compatible with the colonial sys em . Which do you propose to stand by ? Bonanartfl

      torn us mat tbe Uolonies cost us eight hundred millions , and that they were cheap at the money . Gentlemen , re ' view your policy ! It is insane-destructive-suicidal . It is solving the problem , how to make a great empire into a little state . No ; we must consolidate the erapire-recon . struct it . We must give parliamentary representation to the Colonies . [ With ateam this is feasible . We must make tnem transmarine counties , possible with an imperial paper money , a legal tender for taxes . F v "You rejoice over the diminution of poor rates , but you are deceived by the nominalism of money . Compute them in corn or produce , ana you -wilHhtd-they an heavier than ? i ^ h « ^ W" Al $ . more ( wrf « gentlemen , reflect ,-three hundred thousand'leave U 8 every year , so that one evil disappears swallowedup by a greater . " . * S ™ } California and Australia will mitigate tho social disorders which afflict , us ; but what is this but saying tbat more money is the efficient remadv ? U i . «

      However , empirical relief . I invite your attention to the problem , how to issue a safe and sound paper money . I must be brief . I invite you to reflect on tho great necessity which exists to establish a standard of value I give you one A week ' s labour of sixty hours , at the wages of twenty shillings , payable in paper monoy , to be cancelled when offered in payment of taxes or poor rates . As a coro lary to this PoorJaw Unions . or Government to pSS £ p , ffit at these wafies wh 0 are turned off - * * « -. "I maintain and enclose some queries by Bishop Berkeley for your perusal , as some authority to support me , that money M in its nature representative , that a oommodity cannot make a money , and that this grave error , this worship of Gold , is at the root of all the panics and all the disorders that afflict trade , and demoralise the people

      Untitled Article

      THREATENING LETTER TO A POLICE OFFICER . . The principal case to be tried at tho Liverpool assizes is that of Darby Nolan , ' Thomas Nolan , and John Shea , for the wilful murder of JameB Anderson , at Wiriness , near to Runeovn . Our readers will remember that they were apprehended in a singular manner by Connolley , a policeman who disguised himself , and worked as a labourer with the prisoners . On the 18 th of November , after the apprehension for the murder , an Irishman , named Daniel M'iguire ¦ went to Connolley whilst he was engaged in the chemical works , and made use of threatening language towards two other persona in Mr . Hutchinson ' s employ . Connolley in-, vited Maguire to go to a public house , and whilst here Maguire swore that he would have revenge : for by his holy God , he would have the life of Mr . Palmer , another overseer ; and as for Mr . Deacon , Mr . Hutchinson ' s manager , although he was Mr . Deacon , he would give him iust the same wage , for murder was nob done with yet but •« as to William Hollingswortb . " ( another foreman friendly to

      tne men ; , aaaeu Mngmre , you may depend your life upon him . " Maguire and a man named M'Brain were subse quently apprehended on the charge of conspiracy , and beinir taken before the magistrates at Prescot , the former was committed , ' en the evidence of Connolley , to eaol for twelve months , in default of finding bail . On the evening of St . Patriok ' a Day some of the men from Runcorn came to Liverpool to attend their Ribbon lodges , and one of them , named Conway , met with Connolley whilst on duty at the Pierhond , and in the course of conversation upbraided him with having acted treacherously , whiph 1 a * led to the discharge of the whole of the Irishmen from Mr . Hutchinson ' s works . Conway remar » ed » ' t ° » / ve done j t nicely , but it is not for the murder the bad feeling is against you , but the case of Dan Maguire , and so many of the men beine sacked . Tfc was

      little we thought you were a policeman . Connolley replied , " It ' a well you didn ' t know ,. or I should tnot be hero rni SifciS ^ y SiVid SH ! y . ffwSJd ? w& On the following afternoon Connolley received the subjoined letter : — " John Conley ,-By the holy cross o ohrist and the holy mass Book . you may prepare your coffin you may escane a while but as sere as the day , light your ttowMiffl changing of your to Jack CallgaJ wHl not do we know you now you bloody desaver you can never expect foSveness m this world or the next the longer ¦ ronieS the harder will be the fait thats waits for you » ou Snin fernal vill . n bo be making your pase with eod ° [ In placoiof a signature , was tbe drawing ofa coffin 1 t&ssnus ?** - "** * ' * £ *» The above facts transpired at the coroner ' s court on Tuesday , Cpnnelley , who was engaged in TLLTl ?

      wring a temporary cessation of the businegs , handed tie letter to . the coroner . Mr . Curry , who advised t £ TnfW not to allow the matter to put him out oftne way as the only evil , generall y ^ peaking , arising out of ffioJartW threats / was the effect which they created on thoS for he ( the coroner ) who belonged to an assurance aSnria ' turn , would assure his life for a lets promCffin toiffi have done had no snob threats buen carried out

      Untitled Article

      Job Miller . —The remains of this patriarch of nun « ind jokes , hitherto peaceably resting in th Turial < Snd in Portugal-street . will now be disturbed to make war for the new hidings of King ' s College Hospital 7 Surely " Old Joe " ought , not to be : carted away , and shotTb rubbish Some plain memorial of him might soon be S £ d if « S " pri were made to the public , and KS ^ JS £ science told him he bad ever been indebted to Miller wou " d subscribe only a ^ penny to the memorial ' fund tile Sedffite sum would soon be eolleotedUNbKf and $ 2 *? q

      Untitled Article

      Con . —Why are all the women of Holland like the nobi « lt {/ ~ Because they are all Dutcheases . Modern Philanthropy . —Publishing tracts and forget ' ting to pay the printer . ... hn ^ i ° - —At a recent Privy Council , a new florin was su bmitted to the Queen , and approved of . bui , bv ? u f P 0 R A Debating SociEir . ~ If a man has a -to hold m 1 ' which would be be 8 t for his Personal safety Pombt ^ t . * 0161 * - he will pnbEi . W ™* An American contemporary says vtrtise » Knts . ori emal poetry" on the same terms as ad ' J ^ SSJ . wte" ^ " w * tcbma n » ! ay 8 that ending December io « , yan M > s 3 ionary Society for the year A AL ^ lf ^ T ! :. 1851 ^!! be more than £ 100 . 000 . MAKMtost Love * " ¦ "we ™™* iw . ww .

      -L ' r ^ Sss ^^^^ jarKSnrlfis JS ^ jSKaf ^ Si- » . b . » - , prevent its becoming hard t 0 * w *» y of turns , to North America alone P ^ i ^ J ^ jjJjj . WO lbs . ^^ i ^ ^^ Ksk iS : French Industrial EiHmmoir ^ -There is atalk ^ f » universal exhibition of the products of industry S , » that which took place in London last yearrK teld ^ - " ' Pans m the course of the year 1853 . Id l ? . 1 HOTooRAPHy . -It ig proposed to fornv a Photographlcal Socie y tor the advancement of those department ^ Knowledge which have received much elucidation since the annouueeraen t of the discoveries of Daguerre and Talbbfc ' 1 akuamentary . - " - I think , " Bavd a farmer , " I should make a good Parliament man , for I use their language . ' I received two bills the other day , with requests for i » mediate payment ; the one I ordered to be laid on the taWetbe other to be read that day six months "

      . ¦¦ J "" " *«* "J W «™ MlUltkyfft „ k ™ P ? *} p and Catholic Placrs of Worship . —7 h » - «« .. V ? P , " - " > n a statistical article on tbe jnth ^ MnpftS ? tT "P En 8 'and and Wales ' > » tnat me number of Protestant places of worship built sinca sinoe i 89 p ° / S Pared Wit > h Uie R ° mish P Iacea of * 0 ™ hi&buil 6 W ? % ' m l 0 n S )'»« » e 3 * to 1 . Jm - of t £ J r RE ?™ ° RI > 1 NAR * .-It is stated that , in the . SffiF ^^ 'S- ' sf - ' * l ^ tt ^^ ttisnzk said she did not sell anything , but that " Agues were cured

      BrSntslf l ° bUShelsOf Maltwere kiIned inG ™* cuuS 7 n of thH fi 2 0 - 00 r aCre V . and a « ^ voted to thft cultivation ot the hop m Great Britain . The dutyof 2 d . per rtSr " ven ° ue . annUally addsaquarter »^ million sfeAg t \ l ^ w ll u ^ ' \ X the " Arbroath Guide , " "hasapornZ ? f hl 8 1 h ? u 9 B fitted U P ° ' the reception of Parliamentary papers , and the arrangements is such that he can lay his SwJrhwn r £ ocuni . ent in a" iMtant . Mr . IIumohaa SSL ? tl V bttt what brancn of the P u » licsertim is thereupon which he is not qualified to enter as its n ,: ? T / F , :. - " Iti 8 wnnderful that faces are not more alike : ( said . a { lecturer ); what dire confusion would " ensue if fathers did not know their own children by sight , nor husbands their wives . On this small surface , nine iuobeai by six , are depicted such various tnita . that araonff the millions ot inhabi tants ou the earoh , no two have the tame lineaments . '

      Madamk Mimbran ' s Model . —In her teens , Ma ' amselte Garcia had a cracked , inflexible voice . Out of such unpromising materials was made the great singer . She took as her model the tone of musical glasses , and became bo expert an imitator that she often deceived her friends , by pretending to rub the glass , nnd giving the niusio with her voice . — Cocks s Musical Miscellany . A Marriage Loan . —A young man in Barnwell , wishing to get married latel y , aud not having sufficient money to pay the fees , wrote to a person 3 s follows :- " ! humbly

      beg youer pa-ding for taking the liberti Of riten On this ere Matter . As I Am goen to get married on Krisraaa da —the lord Spear us Booth i tv taen The liberti to axe you for A trifel of 2 shilens and 6 pens to Make the ruunne i Hup . " " Pour in Knowledge gently . "—Plato observed that the mimls of children were like bottles with very narrow mouths ; if you attempted to fill them too rapidly , much knowledge was wasted and little received ; whereas , with a small stream , they were easily filled . Those who would make young children prodigies , act as wisely as if they would pour a pail of water into a pint measure .

      Good Retort . —A Worthless Millionaire . —One o £ these devotees to Mammon once received a lesson from a humble follower , who did not seem to pay to him , the possessor of the purse , sufficient homage . He said , "Do you know , sir , that I am worth a hundred thousand pounds ?" — "Yes , " said the irritated , but not broken-spirited , respon dent , "I do ; and I know that it is all you art worth . " —The Stomach and its Dijjjkulties , by Sir James Eyre . Matrimonial Tiffs . —I have frequently remarked that a guest has become the paste and cement of two married

      quarrelliug halves ,. because shame and necessity have obliged them to speak and be friendly to one another , at least so long as the guest was listening . Every married lord should be provided with one or two guests who might come in to relieve his sufferings when the mistress of the house happened to have the devil of dumbness in her body , for she must talk , at least as long as the gentlemen are prosent , and take out of her mouth the iron thief-apple of silence which grows on the same stalk as the apple of discord . — Jban Paul Richter .

      "Bustles . " -At a pow-wow of Indians , on Columbia River , the subject of white women ' s "bustles" was discussed by chiefs , squaws , and medicine men . One squaw tooka bag of feathers , tied it behind her , and imitated the way in which the pale-faced women walk with them on . Awarrior guessed it was to catch iusects . Another thought it had something to do with the perspiration . At last the old doctor—the medicine man—from whose decision there is no appeal , gave the signal for silence , and then said , "That the white women had not ' so good forms a » the Indian women , and that the white men were very fond of good forms , aud that the white women wore these bags to make the white men think they were well-formed . " lie then sab down amid repeated grunts .

      Oil Gas . —A patent has been taken out b y Mr . G . R . Booth , for a method of manufacturing gas from oil extracted from Banana leaves . The oil , it is said , is so plentiful and so cheap that it can be sold at Is . a gallon . It yields a sorb of oliteant gas . The oil is exposed to destructive distillation in a close vessel at a moderate heat , and it is said that the apparatus is so simple , compact , and easily managed , that it is well suited for single dwellings , as the manufacture may be carried <> n in a cellar . The gas is declared to be very superior to coal-gas , and the cost to be not more than one farthing an hour in a household furnace . Eton College , it seems , is about to be lighted with it , and many large mansions have already been lit up with it on an extensive scale .

      ^¦Mm^^ S^^J*" "* Ttebteto** Ttevitvhitf.

      ^¦ MM ^^ S ^^ J * " " * ttebteto ** tteVitVhitf .

      Public Amusements.

      public Amusements .

      Vwittin.

      Vwittin .

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      EXTRACTS FROM " PUNCH . " A History op Romb . —First a camp ; then a forum ; then a palace ; then a church ; now a ruin . Shaky .. —What must be the state of the Protectionist members in the House , when the head is Dizzy ? Going Gkrat Lbnothb . —The longest American yarn upon record is the mile-and-a-half of rope which Captain Seabury let the sea serpent out with . One Way of Effbctikg Silence . —The French senators are not to talk . Louis Napoleon has taken very good care of this , for he has given them a Constitution not worth talking about . Much Ado about Nothing . — The Protectionists are very anxiously asking , what the Ministers mean to do . We can give no answer . They mean to do the country if they can ; and if not , they will do the Protectionists . A Black Job . —If it should turn out that Mr . Disraeli means positively to propose a tax on fuel , he may ba sure that in curtailing the public of their coals , he will very speedily get the sack .

      In the Name of Ciuritt . —Perhaps it is wrong to be hard upon the Disraeli Ministry ; for we should recollect the legal maxim , which charitably tells us , " No Ministry is responsible for its act * until it has attained its Majority !" A Despbbate Throw . —The Protectionists are naturally anxious to postpone , as long as they can , the process of throwing themselves upon the country ; for they know per * fectly well that the country will throw them off again immediately . Criss fob the Coustry Party . —Two mottoes are to ba inscribed on the Protectionist banner : viz . —Rally round the Crown , = 5 s . !—Remember your Duty . = Do . !

      The Cabinet Economist . —If you want your bread to rise , you must ferment the country ; but it is doubtful il the attempt will succeed even then ; and at any rate the bread will turn out heavy—and , ultimately , turn out you . An Austrian Change . —We are told that the Emperoi of Austria , in his late visit to Venice , out of compliment to the Crown Prince of Russia , " appeared in Russian uniform . " Then , it seems that on great occasions , " the leopard can change its spots . " Paradoxes of the Exchkq , uer . —The revenue derived from taxes on knowled ge is small , which seems a satire on the country ; but as the imposts in themselves are heavy , the joke may rather be said to be against the government ; and yet , unfortunately at the expense of the people .

      The Unkindest cot of ALL .-The Earl of Derby coolly refers the cause of Free Trade verm Protection to be settled by the Arbitration of " the intelligent portion of the community . " Now , this is really too bad : for , of oourse , it is virtually excluding bis friends , the ( oratoncall y ) Distressed Agriculturists , from having any voice at all in the decision . Hurrah fob the Road ! -A parliamentary return , re > cently published , shuws that in England and Wales-the receipts on account of highways in counties in the veal ending March 25 , 1850 , amounted to the taVhet consiaerabl < sum of £ 1 , 040 , 04518 s . 3 d . We are very much afraid thai though we have no downright Dick Tnrpins and Jack Shen pards nowadays , we have not yet exactl y put a sto p t < highway roblwy . * ¦

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      ¦ S * "

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), March 27, 1852, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1671/page/3/