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Northern Star (1837-1852), 14th February 1852, Edition 1 of 1, Page 5, Untitled Article

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      \ finie principle , has given an impetus to the manufacture hieh it has not experienced for several years past . It ia Understood that the contracts for the remaining 5 , 000 or a 000 rifle 3 required have been conferred -upon London afcere The 39 orders ha 3 given rise to a dispute between Sfe irnn ' mBfeera and operative gunfi tters , with respect to I he crices which ought to be paid for stocking and finishing . RPTeral meetings of the operative gunmakers have been £ pld at which it was unanimously resolved not to execute f t the mastera the government contracts anticipated at iwsthan aa advance of twelve and a half per cent , upon ^ entrate 3 . This resolution was founded upon substan-^ Treasons—namely , the extreme lowness of existing rernnner ation and the extra work and risk required and in-,-nlrfld in the make and finish of the new rifle . Moreover , ¦ til stated that in 1844 , when Colonel Peel held the office Jt the Board of Ordnance now filled by Colonel Anson , * £ * p allant officer assured a deputation from the operaifinie principle , has given an impetus to the manufacture

      . faes of Birming ham that the price of stocking , screwing , Ini finishing , in any orders given by the Board of Ordnance , should not be reduced lower than those now required by the men At a subsequent " period , however , when the trade was ' inamost depressed state , the operative gunmakers consented , as they say , for a time to a further reduction ; and it ie from this reduction , and looking to the promise of Colonel Peel as a ground of hope , they seek the preBent ad . vance The question , now the contracts have arrived in Birmingham , is , will the master gunmakers consent to the terms required by the setters up or finishers , or will the trade be subjected to a strike ? The operatives repudiate an y wish to annoy the contractors , but , at the same time , tfcev assert that it is impossible they oan finish the Mwie rifle on the same terms as the line musket . Many of the mastere admit in part the justice of the men ' s claims ; but . no to the present time , it is not generally known what ,

      S 3 a body , will be their determination , vne tning is , nowever , suite certain-viz .. that as the contracts are required to be immediately executed , the matter ia dispute must be brought to a speedy conclusion one way or the other . There are comparatively few " Tower men" ( as they are termed in Birmingham ) , and as many of these will be required in London , it is expected that the contracts will take from seven to nine months for their completion .

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      THE AMALGAMATED SOCIETY OF ENGINEERS . THE STRIKE . BE-OPESIXG OP THE SHOPS . According to previous announcement the members of the Association of Employers of Operative Engineers re-opened their shops on Monday which had been closed in consequence of the dispute with the Amalgamated Society , Binco taelOthult . At Jlaudslay and Field ' s establishment , wo are informed , that three engineers ( fitters , ) and a few boiler makers , making a total of about eight , signed the declaration as skilled workmen ; while seven foremen and eight apprentices quitted work rather than sign the declaration proffered by the employers . At Simpson ' s , Belgrave-road , Pimlico , five foremen , and four apprentices gave a week * 3 notice of leaving upon the same grounds no skilled workmen being known to have gone in . At Bennie ' s , Hollandstreet , Blackfriars , three foremen gave a similar notice , as

      did also , it is stated , several foremen and apprentices at Miller and Bavenhill ' s , Glasshouse-fields , where eight skilled workmen , howerer , went in and signed , two of whom are said to be members of the Amalgamated Society . At Gns 3 eH ' s , City-road , twenty men went in as " moulders . " The number of skilled men who went in at other shops is said to be of no importance , and the members of tbe Amalgamated Society express full confidence in the continued failure of the step thus taken by the employers . It was stated at the Central Committee of Unskilled Labourers , that not more than thirty men belonging to tliat unfortunate class had received employment . The labourers flocked early ( o sign the declaration , but having done so were told that there was no work yet , and that they would be sent for when wanted , an announcement which caused a considerable amount of disappointment .

      On Friday night a meeting called for the purpose of expressing sympathy with the iron trades now on strike , was held in the schoolroom , Vauxhall-brid ge-road . Messrs . Bevin , Walfor j , | and other gentlemen addressed the meeting , which , after unanimously agreeing to do its utmost to support tbe Society in its struggle , adjourned . On Tuesday evening a meeting , called by a number of workmen of all trades and classes , was held at the Cowperstreet , schoolrooms , City-road , to consider what conrse to adopt in consequence of the dispute between the engineers and the masters . Mr . Pudhoe presided , and having commenced with observing that the present condition of the engineering trade was caused by the strike of the employers , and characterised it as a merciless and sanguinary visitation on the right 3 of labour , proceeded to give a detailed

      description of the proceedings which had followed on both sides . The Executive Council had no desire but the moral and physical welfare of the operatives , so far as it was justly consistent with the welfare of the employers , whose control over their labour and capital they did not attempt to dispute . The attempt of the masters was to enslave the men , and he called upon the members of every trade to beware of the success of an attempt which would perhaps be equally fatal to their own interests in process of time . The first resolntion was moved by Mr . Law , a printer , to the effect that the meeting , composed of workmen of various trades , felt that the question between the engineers and their men had a bearing upon tbe rights of all workmen ; which having been seconded by Mr . Hunting , a carver , was a » reed to . Mr . R . Renshaw , a hatter , moved the second

      resolution , to the effect that the meeting was of opinion that the employers of the operative engineers having enunciated the right of each to do as he liked with his own , and de « nied the right of the operative to do as he liked with his own , such conduct was contrary to justice and humanity , and an unwarrantable attempt to prevent the exercise of a right universally recognised by law . He trusted the employers would eventually settle the matter amicably . The other trades would not stand by and see the engineers oppressed . This resolntion having been seconded was also agreed to . A third resolution , pledging the meeting to make the most strenuous effort to aid the Society of Amalgamated Engineers having been agreed to , the meeting thanked the chairman and broke up . Mr . Kewton was present during the proceedings .

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      ?»^^ f trs ^ iW SEtt ^ iaflFJi S ^ a fti ^^ tasa Eftar answi son wag , that the plantof the im ^ hh ^ fr . ^ . i ^ . »

      shou . d open shops of their own ; &d » long as the maker KS ^ * " « tS r ~ the «« tor greater 2 S « T cr e c 4- tnere could be no doubt with common prudence , of their success . ( Great cheering . ) That morning on them SI ° pened . thelr 8 h ° ' ¦»* ¦ notice was posted » S ™ X iu tu- Wh ° WOuld 8 ign their declaration could UkZn \ P * ? WaB ? £ rablefailure - »> skilled workman had gone to work . Even foremen whom the il ^ paSSSi withonttue pohceman and the magistrate h * Z < , \ T * l

      ppfplliK hope for the working classes of this count ™ « ff « S 55 ir thenput ' caA «¦«*«* A Committee was appointed to meet at the Walter Raleigh Tavern , Gravel-lane , Houndsditch , to collect subscriptions for the above subject Jrfl £° ° * ^ * Must 0 did not address th 8 A vote of thanks was given to the Chairman and the Deputation , and the meeting adjourned .

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      are the rights of capital , and what are the rights of labcur ( Hear , hear . . Another important result may folfion this . The masters seem to Wetthat the m lSlZ the country , and I do not know a more valuable lot of mln than mechanics are . { Hear , he ^ r . ) I do not kn ?™ other class we should miss bo muoh-fhear , hear ) LS that would be more cordially welcomed with open arml Jv all neighbouring countries . This is very dangerous wranl for us to tread upon . I think the cause of the men K been carried out as it ought to be , and , consequently i ? i all the more needful that everyone should underst and it F ° te 5 ! S »? I ^ 1 * *» * the ?* airatthiarae t the of which is that . ^^ . .,. ...... .. . - ~ --

      ing , Object you may be fully informed of the nature of the dispute , and also , if you approve of the conduct of the men , to get subBoriptions , so that assistance may bo rendered to those unfortunate person s who have been thrown out of employment by the masters ( Hear , hear . ) I now allude to the non-society men hB ' oause one peculiar feature in this case is , that out of to * 20 , 000 at present turned out , only 3 , 000 are mmb / rs of the Amalgamated Society , of which the masterTSain They have not , as far as I can learn , one single ground of complaint against the 17 . 000 whom they have turned into the streets to starve . ( Hear , hear . ) Your sub 3 . il

      tnereiore , are required for the benefi t of theBe men Twill just mention another mode by which the masters J ™ attempted to mislead the publie , and that is , bvmtrin J th ! dispute with Messrs . Hibbert and Platt and thei " nSnrilh the demands of the Amalgamated Society , thui ttroBnJ allthe blame , if any there is in that dispute , on ttio aooSJf The several documents have been publUed , whichSrW exonerate them from having taken any part n the proSdings , especially with reference to the demand ™ R labourers should be dismissed from the machines Then u a distinct resolution on the books of the eooiety at £ tune , that they did not approve of it . ( Hear , hear AH this is matter of detail , which the gentlemen who have come here will explain to you better than I am able and ftfffh ^ ^ ttyBelf with th « e obse vSs , which I have thought it necessary to make as a iustifioa-, i ? ft klD * thechak on suoh an important occasion ( Mr . Pielden resumed his seat amidst cheers . ) occasion ' Mr . Newton and other members of the deputation , havin « t ^ fS ^ S ^*™* utm 08 t e ^ °

      Kesolutions were unanimously adopted in favour of the position taken up by the Executive Counoil , and pledrinc the meeting to support the strike hands , and more especially the labourers and non-society men .

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      Firb at ToxtethPabk , Livkiipool . —On Wednesday evening a fire broke out at the ropery of Messrs . Coltart and Co . The combustible materials gave the fire a most destructive hold of the premises . At > ngth , however , - the names were subdued . . Wetnurging , always surrounded with many dangm , and expensive withal , has been superseded by Dn Barry ' s Revalenta Arabica Food . We die three out of 50 , 000 testimonials : — ' No . 50 , 031 — Grammar School , Steyenage , Deo . 16 , 1850 . —Gentlemep , we have used your delicious fooa for four months , and found it admirably adapted for infants . Our baby has never once had di-ordered bowels since taking it . We had a nurse for her for the first six months , but her bowels were constantly out of order . Had we known of jour food before , we should have saved the heavy expense of the wet nurse , and our child would have been more healthy . —U . Ambler . ' 'Cure . No . 2 , 704 . —I consider you a blessing to soccity at large . My little boy cries tor a saucer of your food every morning , —Walter Keating , 2 , ' Manning-place , FWe Oaks , Jersey . ' 'Testimonial , No . 4 , 876 .-21 , Queen's-terrace , Bayswatcr , London , 2 » nd

      . November , 18 * 9 . —Mr Dumpier will thank Messrs . Du Barry and Co , to send him another canister of their Revalenta Arabica , it agreeing so well with his infant . ' ( Thii infant was six day * old when it commenced living on the Kevalenta ) . —' Testimonial , No . 2 , 142 Catherine-street , Frome , Somerset , Dec . 16 th , 1848 . Sir — I have given your Eeralenta Arabica Food to my little girl , who is ot a delicate constitution , and I find it does her much good 4 c—H . Clark . '—Caution The . name of Messrs . Du Barry ' s invaluable food , as also that of the firm , have been so closely imitated , that invalids cannot too carefully look at the exact spelling of both , and also Messrs . DuBarry ' a address , 127 , New Bond-street London , in order to avoid being imposed upon by Ervalenta , Real Baralenta , Arabaca Food , Arabian Hevfolenta , or other spurious compound * of peas beans , Indian and oatmeal , under a close imitation of the name , which have nothing to recommend them but the reckless audacity of their ignorant and unscrupulous compbunders , and which , though admirably adapted for pics would play sad havoc with the delicate stomach of an invalid or infant — See Adf ertisenunt in our ( to-day's ) columns ,

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      [ As the columns under this head are open forthfree expression of all opinions , the Editor is not r « sponaible for , or committed to , any . ] UNITED STATES CURRENCY AKD BANKINO SYSTEM . * «*!»»

      TO THE EDITOn OP THE NORTHERS STAH . Dear Sib , —In my last I gave your readers a number of important questions , asked by Bishop Berkley , on Labour Wealth , Exchange , Money , or Currency and on a National Bank-rational answers to which provo demonatrably 1 st , That labour is the only means of creating or procuring wealth ; 2 nd , That wealth is anything that aathfielthe wants or desires of mankind ; 3 rd , That money or currtney , to the tallies , tickets , tokens , or counters , made use o as the representatives of wealth , for the purpose of enabline tho holder to procure and exchange wealth at bis pleasure 4 th , Th . it though gold and silver may he , and have beon used for money , that they are not at all necman , for this purpose ; 5 th , That for many reasons paper money is far ^! L ' ? " ^ l " ! 8 ! !! 1 : ' ? ! , , at is neceasaryV tbat all tender should

      legal paper money be secured upon real wo . petty to its full amount ; and 6 th , For the receipt of such securities , and for the issue of Buch paper monev a Na tional Bank should be established , tho formation of winch if properly conducted , heavers , would add infinitel y more to our real wealth than the opening of the most prolihceold mine in the heart of our country than has ever vet been discovered . I have now before me an American Tract published in New York , entitled , "The Currency by Junius " -under the sanction and advice of tea SenatJs and thirty-four Members of Congress ; among whom are iUllard Filmore , now President ; W . P . Magnum , President o f the . Senate ; * nd John White , Speaker of the House of Mvresentativet ; the contents of this tract are , therefore well deserving of notice . I shall give you Junius ' s notions of currency , und his account of the American baukine system : — 8

      JUSIUS ON MOSEY . " Money is the medium of trade , by the opening of which as currency , trade ia [ carried on . 8 ' " The different kinds of currency are" 1 st , Gold and silver , weighed in the scales , and ananaed by chemistry . This is the currency of the world at larae or international currency , established from time immemorial ; it is the only money recognised as a common standard m the commercial intercourse of nations . Gold and silver constitute the basis , and are the test of all othercurrencies . All other currencies are sure to be proved by these , and now can stand in full credit , which are not con . vertiblo into these on demand . " 2 nd . The legalised currencies , or legal tenders , of particular states and nations . These are 2 enerallv ' merolvr . rp < m

      currencies , being deficient in intrinsic value . In the ' United States , the federal coins , and certain foreign coins , are adopted as the only legal tenders ; these coins pass on the authority of the law , and on the credit of the mint assays The constitution of the United States has wisoly ordered that no state shall make anything but gold and silver coins a legal tender in payment of debts . The effect , and doubtless the design , of this rule is to keep the way open for the only legitimate tost of all currencies—that is to say , gold and silver weighed in the scales . The constitution itself goes no further than the test of coins , which is imperfect , but the aim of the government in the " mint assays is to keep the coins aa near as possible to the test in the scales , which though not perfect , is near enough for all practical purposes : " to some extent , therefore , we see that even this legal tender is a credit currency .

      it will be perceived , from the above statement , that the United States , in pretending to base all their currency on gold and silver , have adopted the samo absurdity folly and impossibility as we have in England-aa we shall more clearly Bee when we come to examine their boasted banking system : — 6 " The third kind of currency , " according to Janius , "is paper money of various descriptions . Among these are bant notes , also all negotiable promissory notes , bills of exchange , letters of credit , drafts , cheques , bonds , mortgages , bills of lading , parole currency , or currency of man s word , and a great variety of evidences of debt , are all valid , and very common currency in the trading world . Bomo of the heaviest amounts of commercial transactions are done in one or more of these forms at home , and with remote parts , and are an actual currency ; and , although altogether a credit currency , are perhaps as sound , if not

      sounder , and aa much to be relied on as any other It is indispensable , however , that a credit currency should be payable in specie on demand ; but more faith is placed by the public in bank notes , payable on demand , than on actual speoie . And justly so—firstly , because paper is every day tested by somebody at the bank ; secondly , because coins are rarely tested ; thirdly , becauso they are seldom found to be exaotly equal to their nominal value ; fourthly , becauaethey are moreeasily counterfeited than paper : fifthly beoause they are inconvenient ; and , sixthly , because they occasion anxiety and hazard . Besides this , an exclusive hard money currency is absolutely impracticable ; if , for example , all the trade of New Fork- were forced into this mode , it would probably take all the dealers to count it , and all the parties and carters to deliver it . If all the trade of thi United States were compelled to be carried on in this way it might require all our navy to protect the nianv millions

      ot specie that would be ponstantly . afloat , and all the army to guard the many millions more passing b y land , besides all other expenses and hazards of transportation . The bare expense of an exclusive metallic currency for the present amount of the trade of the world , would , in a short time , be equal to its entire value . Such a currency would , therefore , be perfectly impracticable ; it would stop itself , and stop trade , except in the small way of barbarians—by direct baiter . . " The best currency is that which comlines convenience and the least intrinsic value ; and that is paper , which costs almost nothing . Nothing is more convenient , and nothing costs less—hence its use . All that the holders of paper money want to know is , that it is good for its face , and will pass for that-in other words , that the bank will pay for itand that

      specie ; makes it good . The less its intrinsix value , therefore , the better . When it is too much worn for use , the bank takes it , and nothing is lost , if it should be burnt , or sunk in the sea , or dropped by the way and never found-still nothing is lost , except to the owner ; and even he may be indemnified , if he oan prove his Joss , and specify the note or notes . In suoh a case , the bank is obliged to pay him dollar for dollar . It is evident , therefore , that paper is the best currency in the world , so long as it is good for the amount in specie , " The proper functions of gold andsiloeras money . —Except for small cash or change , trade requires but a very small fraction of the gold and silver employed in the office of money to be in actual circulation . It is more economical ai well as more convenient and safe ; nay , ft w absolutely

      necessary that the great bulk of it should lie in deposit , as the basis of the circulating medium . It does not require to be moved at all , except to restore the balance of trade between commercial points—when one has become indebted to another as New York to Boston , or Philadelphia , or Baltimore 01 " Cineiiiftti , or New Orleans , —or vice versa . In such cases of indebtedness , which cannot be settled in the way of trade , specie travels to balance the account . In the same manner present demands are settled between our own and foreign countries . Except for this great function a great mass of specie lies still . Such is , and , necessarily , always will be , the operation of the commercial world . " ¦ What | monstrousabsurditiesthesecaninebullionist'humbue

      continue to instil into tho minds of an unthinking gullible public " Junius" shows clearly that it would not be possible to carry on the present trade of the world with a gold and silver currency , but he still maintains that " it is indispensable that every other currency should be paid in gold and silver on demand . " And suppose everybod y should at once demand as all have the " right to do , there is another reason why they would find it impossible to get it , which he hasnot mentioned , and that is tbat there is not one-fifth part enouph of gold and silver in the world to meet the creidt currency always in circulation . My next shall be on the American Banking System . Liverpool , Feb . 9 , 1852 . ^ Johm ™ PiW

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      THE SUFFRAGE QUESTION . TO THE EDITOR OP THE NORTHERN STAB , If not contrary to literary etiquette you will greatly oblige me by inserting in your journal the " following letter . It was sent some weeks hence to the editor of " Reynolds ' s Newspaper , " who has not inserted it . I do not object to his veto , but thinking that discussion is the opportunity for the development of truth , when discussion is decorously conducted , I trouble you with this . Free and fair discussion should , t appears to me , be a distinguishing feature ol democratic journals . Mr . Reynelds ' s letter—to whkb my letter ; refen-ieema to me exceedingl y damaging to democracy . Damaging by misleading ourselves , and by the estimate opponents will be led to make of us should it paai unquestioned .: —•

      TO THE EDITOB OF RBTNOlDs ' s NEWSPAPER . Suffra ^ " Xi Cr > he - v Nothing Shor > of Universal » i . » S ^ s ^ y ^ % o ' fiove n ^^^ ^ r ^^^ T ^^^ ^ Jsattssrisa&isfflaL'a

      ssssisssi ? Isaspsii ^^ sSSSw S anarony Dy expectation , where is the nublio oninion to SKX h £ 7 h 1 ° raer 8 ? ** £ Kt exisTamong tm * leaders , how much less among the whole people , or eyen

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      the working men . No doubt , if Universal SuJrage exited , as soon as opinion was formed in the majority CH any question it mi ght receive practical development . } Vhat a leviathan task is this formation of opinion on political a £ fl social questions among the millions of ignorant men and * whUL , P ° wer of the press is great and beneficial , Mfn e " f directed . But thoBe who can not read , and the bodum- no I cave t 0 md are a lar e Proportion of tUeirna \ ' How reacU these ? Th " y VTOUlti Tote a 3 teaches th ° v ' '' ? i a 8 ter 8 > Or a f'P ai ' 6 Ilt i" ^^ dictated . This cipleg Tho i tas ' ° * to"dav" propagandism of prinon all subieet « i Cation of l . ? uniFers ! rightof conscienca Democrats ton » el Ti r relig'ous political , or economical . opinion , impugning y bccome despots in matters of impugniiiir theii . tfu t conscience when only justified in Yon * « . '> .... ^ i . teue « t Or loeic nf nrmnnprif-s

      give such a monstrmiB i g aD exten s on of the Suffrage in them I should eeaw » \?* huniai > ity that if I concurred for . Iputitto vou hntv human'ty worth working aamuch caused ' by thnim ? i Wanfc of political freedom millions unenfran chised « h !! e and i gnorance of the six franchised ? You , sir cannnt i ° ' scrvati 8 m of tne en * myself , that many of these ivflh Ignorant > anv more thau franchisee of all . fi 2 j H » tbe eQ * mant enough to believe that if fiv «« - ? r eduloU 8 and 'S ' chised they would in a short L , "" H'ons were enfranright , of the remaining HS ^ S ^ SSl ^ ° ^ de the fl . o » nnan « 1- ;« 1 « l . _ r— .. IUU 8 » » the two mil inna mife

      evils pressi / ijr on tbe enfranchienrf nn i ?» nce of 8 Ocial as the ' y do / ow to ^ 'Jti ^^ ™*™*** of sympathy and unity . If , as you say the fiL ! \ r ° n 4 woulddoom the two millions "to the vilest 8 L , ? Ul 0 nS sible " » h » t villains-selfish villains-must Li be 1 ™ the two m Ilions of enfranchised working men " hornvouT sumo would desert their two millions of unmSanJhlid tojthjtfc Hamanjlj cannot be so WackhearSf tfi the bri M ? V ? t adamon 8 men from the "Obleman fcj co ? ree h ayers labourer ' denie 3 ifc - If y ° ur Position is correct , how can you ever exoect men to comhinn fm . thaiin

      would ™ T ^ rapped a narrow selfishness they JmJJS Pec \? Ddfe , f each other , and be ever incapabl e MiSof ^ w - J ? U 8 £ em tot 3 ll > ' t 0 'S ™ thB «>* . bv calf L ? to fDr pt tt * t men are ruled by ideas as well as are of I » l ere * . ^ have notions of ri « and wrong , and theifno inf ^ v fig . htand suffer < or if Deed be ^ ie for in workt ? , 8 ; t ? 7 ? ot be P ° 38 ible formen ' «> ^ e that their nW M ba PP > s of others they are working for develoTdifS U Ot tUls , nobl kimi of aelf-intereat become ueveioped if it finds apostles . sorfs of K £ onclu 3 ion of your arguments is that tha SxcenhS Than <« andthe vassals of Norman Barons o stx centuries age were nearer ultimate freedom than we are io oiTwi'T . 1 think ' wili hardl > ' ^ p' -

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      the Co-operative discussion at Halifax . R , * n ° ^ mB 0 F TnB NORTHERS 8 TAE . ritv flZll t n 6 ma ^ ° t eed 3 P a P that a ' «««» n" » JO-^ s ^^ s ^^ st d ^ . ^^ s o ^ s ^ is ^^ &H ?? l T& ' ? P ite of the » " » ngemenU of the Sn nl ' ° b 0 t ^ 8 ldes " c ° unting of heads" should not « i / ,,. ^ M 005 S 1 * the Cllai ™^ protested and retired , and the vote was taken . I milt be drowned ani no man shall save me . It wasjnot poor Pat unconsciously shying the auxiliary verbs , but so many hundred 9 of self- - Sfc fhff ° n rt eXerc l . their ri S hts a 3 free citizens . < i willing that Co-operation was a sham in commerce , and shalltng they would not have it just as when they willed in the Plenitude of their blended meroy and power , the Halilax Uibbet Law to the poor petty thief that got in their clutohes Just so does the petty rascal Co-operation har . g , gibbetted by public opinion , within fourteon miles of us on

      tnose nuis , tnose stars of love and mercy , from which , with . Hull , and another place of more than tropical temperature , the wandering beggar of olden time prayed the Lord would ever deliver him . Lloyd Jones advocates Co-operation in everything that is ] ust and practible , but commercial in particular . Ernest JoneB saya " it is good in politics , but a sham in candles and soap . Certainly they sound very common-place things in Rbetono , but are naifchless , rather essential things , cer . tainly , if we do not wish to continue the " unwashed , " or even the " unshorn . " But we should like to know if a Chartist Association can turn a penny in them for themselves , or consolidate their organisation , why they may not ? Mr . E . Jones tells us wh y . " Ah ! " says he , " you have no capital for commercial movements . " Et lit Brutus . Will not a Chartist leader Bpare us that taunt ? "We think he

      might . Though the Land Scheme has absorbed one-quarter of a million of the capital of labour , and seems unlikely \ ° t i , gor £ e *'• ftil 1 we have 80 me capital loft . Why does Mr . h . Jones seek capital amongst us to start his news « paper ? But Co-operation teaches us that those who have insufficient capital should be assisted by those who have . Witness the Central Agency and the Stores , and the Association for starting Co-operative workmen in London , Vansittart Neale , and the Amalgamated Engineers . But aro we so alread y organised tbat Ernest Jones ia afraid of our being over organised 1 Does he fear we shall verge our individualities into the abhorred " eoap and candles , " or our brains grow torpid because roofed in with . Salford Co-operative " tiles ! " What is every powerful party or body in the State but a Co-operative Association , for

      some objects given or understood ? What is ifc but Cooperation on the one side , and the want of it on the other , that enables our grasping ecclesiastics to hold those very church lands Mr . E . Jones is so desirous we should obtain ? " Who would one day carry the ox must every day carry tha calf . How are men so likely to learn tiie value or see tha necessity of political Go-operation , as by applying to tha alleviation of the ills of their daily life by its bringing back morals to trade , by its conducting plenty and purity to the families and friends of Englishmen ? We would not willingly give a pang to Ernest Jones ; we do not forget his sufferings , his cruel Newgate agonies . But why will ho persist in his present futile war on Co-operation and its friends . 13 it the most crying evil of labour—ia there no monster wrong under which labour suffers involuntarily—no social inequality—no public plunderer or bad constitution rivalling in mischief a Co-operative Store ? Remember , who ever braves the honor * of Co-operation

      and unadulterations does ifc voluntarily . Is Co-opeYation alone worthy the energies of Ernest Jones after his sufferings ? Poor Cooper pined in Leicester , and has long been an - ardent Co-operator . Does Mr . Jones smile at the example ? Let us see his "Purgatory of Suicides" for his title . But if Mr . Ernest Jones will visit Leeds , we will gladly meet him , or friendly show him our gigantic Flour Mill , also our Store , and what we are doing further successfully , and with small capital , too ; not only for ourselves in cloth , but what we are doing for the Co-operators of other towns ; how we are helping to dig the foundations , at least , of Universal Brotherhood . And we will show him that we can still find time , When needed , to defend Manhood Suffrage , - when its tried friends are handing it over to the Manchester Sohool , who assist { vide Ernest Jones ) in keeping us out of our » g ht 8 . ^ R . Jones . Leeds , February 3 rd .

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      TO THE EDITOR OP THR NORTHERN STAR . Sib , —In pursuance of a resolution adopted at the last meeting of the Metropolitan Delegate Council , I have to inform you , that the Council object to the singular heading with which you introduce your report of their meeting of February 1 st . The feeling of the Delegates , as expressed , is , that they are not expressly sent to carry out any " New-Paper Movement , " but to consider any and every means of promoting the success of Chartist principles . Hoping that the insertion of this will remove any false impression that may have arisen as to tho objects of tha Council , I beg to sign myself , On behalf of the Council , Your obedient servant , J . Washington , Secretary . Leicester-place , Ray-street , Feb . 10 .

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      MEETING OF THE TOBACCO TRADE . A meeting wa 3 held on Monday evening at the Union Hall , Artillery-Etreet , Bishopsgate-steeet , of the members of the Operative Tobacco Trade , for the purpose of aupporting the men on strike . The hall was well filled . 3 Ir . Jones w » called to the chair , and stated the object for which the meeting was assembled . Mr . Brisck moved the following resolution : — Tiat in tbe opinion of this meeting the dosing of the workshopi or the Master Engineers was an act of flagrant injustice , inasmuch as the ? naTe thereby thrown a great number of men out of employment-not onl y tbe Engineers , who merely requested justice at their hands , hut those who were not in any way connected in the dwpnte between the Employers' Aseociation and the Amalea . mated Ensmeera ; and we hereby pledge ourselves , individually aaa collectively , to extend eur Htmost aid to those men while the truegle continues .

      They were the first trade who had publicly taken up the matter , and he trusted they would be followed by all tho otner trades of the metropolis . They did not meet tOShow their oratorical abihSea , a * asserted by the lying press , tint to act as brothers to their oppressed brethren . The masters liad struck against the men , because they wished to act with justice and benevolence to their fellow men . fcome men professed sympath y for the labourers alone ; nut justice as well as selfishness pointed to the policy of supporting the Engineers . The speaker showed this by several logical arguments well-adapted to the trade he was addressing He then dealt with the question of unskilled -auour , and showed that an immense amount of false sym-P e beea upended upon that subject . ilr Stevens seconded the resolution . The principle in-TOived was one which not only concerned the Engineers , but all other trades . They had always been told that the quantify of goods in the market decided the rrice . Tha

      master--, though they propounded this doctrine , objected to tue men carrying it into practice . He trusted that the present would be only a preliminary meeting , and that other trades would speedily follow their example . Mr . Newton ( who , with Mr . Musto , attended as a deputation from the Engineers ) was then called on , and was loudly cheered . He was pleased to see the manner in whiah they had taken up the question . The view taken by the Master Engineers was that taken by nu 3 teH generally , and the view taken by the men ¦ was that whieh was , or would ultimately be , forced npon ail working men , therefore , all who lived by their labour , wera Interested in supporting them . The trade , whose members he was addressing were comparatively a new trade ; yet they had seen the necessity of union . A master who employed 100 men . SDoke with one -voice : and .

      JWes 3 the whole of the men spoke in an equally united manner , they were less powerful than the one man . He Knew not the details of their trade ; bnt before they could nope to stand on an equal footing with their employers , tney mustdo as the Amalgamated Engineers had doueunto every branch of their trade into one great body . By imnnJ ^ f' - *™ f ^^ & «! ** & ko ° of equ » i importance in the market to capital . ( Dear , hear . ) bj such means alone could they increase the wealth and prosperity of the nation . Mr . Newton then went into en . argument Of Unskilled UK ™ ,. BnA « l , a nrnnnatr nf ahnrt .

      ening the hours of labour . The -shortening of the hours of with 5 l *? sUleonl ynie « uby which they conld keep pace « untneincreast and improvement of maehincry . These macmnes were introduced to save human labour , and the w . y means by which they conld turn them to the advantage in * t £ worKin f » was by making a corresponding reduction to S , V ° ? , rs theT lahoured , thus causing the work to be done « oe divided among all the members of the trade . Overtime jl ^'^ tne Press stated , a matter of necessity to fulfil I'Z l contracts They never opposed it on that ground . -was because it bad become a system . Men worked overon ^ nlT Jear l ? year - Man y never •*» their families save « aunday , or when the shop was closed . It was from thi 3 ss ^ te !; l ne * at , J recommended itg abolition . The p £ o £ « ** dwelt with great effect upon tha question of S » ' 8 howi ° S the difference between piecework in the ^ l . ^ 'Win pared with other tradeH . The Drl » v » np . i >« the *

      trade w ^ TF ? otnew ones - Kfteen years back the The * r tn ^ P ™?^ of systematic overtime and p-ecework . seSf ? i , Ut ! ^ * the *** y 8 tem of ridding themch ar ™ I . L CTlbw Mtotax them , and they decided to and : TuW daqaMterhonr for the first honr ' Mdone m-n * p « . " / ° . r eTer * extia hour of wwfime . Tha PavtW « essfu , and the masters were well content to d 4 fraJL ? 7 ertlme at the rate of 9 s . instead of 6 s . per *» nnfcrsW i- end to J esf * « Th 8 Preaa did not ***** Plovers thn , ™ 1 ue 8 tioD - The reason was , that the emready « „! :- P * ^ anti ty of surplus labour in the market , ° J « My tune for them to fall back upon . Another re *

      Untitled Article

      FORMATION OF A NEW WORKMEN'S UNION . Oa Wednesday afternoon a general meeting of the nonsociety men of London ( skilled workmen ) was held at the Tempeiance-hall , Lambeth , to take steps towards the formation of a new workmen ' s association , to act in conjunction with tho Amal gamated Society of Engineers &e ., and to receive the report of a deputation appointed at a previous meeting to confer with the executive council of that society upon the subject . The following resoluti 6 ns were adopted - .-Resolved , 1 . «• That in the opinion of this meetine it is essentially necessary to adopt the best means for the formation of an association , which shall be in accordance with the views of tha Amalgamated Society . " 2 "That a committee of ten be selected from this meeting with a rote of confidence and fnll powers to form the association , m accordance with tbe views of the executive council of the Amalgamated Society . " 3 . « That the name of this Association shall be The Universal Society of Engineers . '" A committee having been appointed to conduct future operationsthe meeting separated ;

      , The Directors of the London , Brighton , and South Coast- Railway have issued a circular to the men employed in the Company ' s workshops , in which , after referring to the good understanding which has hitherto existed between them and their workmen , state that their wish is to stand strictly neutral , to make no change in their present system , and to leave other parties to fight their own battles , if the workmen in their emp loyment are content to take the same course . But if the men , who admit that they nave no complaint to make in regard to their own establishment , insist upon taking an active part in the contest which is going on , by subscribing to support those who are thrown out of employment by disputes with which this company has nothing to do , they must be prepared to take tbe consequences of such a course .

      On Wednesday night the London Society of Compositors had a special general meeting , at which nearly 800 were present . They were addressed by a deputation from the Executive Council , and £ 100 was unanimously voted to aid the Amalgamated Society in its struggle The sums received on Wednesday at the ° general office of the Amalgamated-Society for the support of the men out of employ amounted to about £ 200 , making a total of about £ 1 , 500 since Monday , inclusive . ' The following letter will show the state of the strike in Man-Chester : —

      • t , * , ™ ^ ' 5 > Ha » ley . 8 treet , Manchester Feb . 10 th . , D " .. Sn » . -Weh aye been very busy all day , and the general belief is that the stake will not last long . Fairburn and other emplojers have sent for deputation * from the men , but the men are staunch . Parr . Cartis , and Madeley ' s foremen hate refused to sign . Tory , the manager of Patricroft , has also refused ; but wa have heard that four foremen at "Whitworth ' s have signed . A number of turners were engaged at Sharp ' s yesterday , but they were discharged in the afternoon , and the engine was stopped ¦ On behalf of the Dispute Committee , tir -m »« a t . , ' Geobqe Higgks , Secretary . Mr . w . Allan , Seoretary Amalgamated Society . '

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      OPIBIONS OF MR . S . FIELDEN , OF TODMOBDEN . On Wednesday night a public meeting of the Iron Trades was held at Todmorden , Yorkshire , to receive a deputation from the Amalgamated Society , &c , composed of Mr . W . Newton , of London , * and several members resident in Manchester , and to take such Bteps as might be deemed neceBsary , in consequence of the dispute between the operative engineers and their employers . The meeting took place in a spacious building , known as " Sobriety Hall , " which was densely crowded , notwithstanding the torrents of rain which fell through the day , the greatest anxiety being manifested to hear the opinions upon the subject of the strike of S . Fielden , Esq ., the great millowner , and son of Mr . Fielden , author of the Ten Hours Bill , who was adver-Used to preside over the meeting , and who was accordingly voted into the chair at half-past seven o ' clock "

      The Chairman , after a . few preliminary observations , proceeded as follows : —I believe that much misunderstanding has prevailed on the subject ; and therefore I was anxious to hear the deputation come here and offer Buch explanations as they deem necessary , so that we may all be made acquainted with the merits of the case . The view first took of this matter was a ten hours' question—a question with whiohyou have been practically acquainted for a number of years ; and having worked it out . you have practically experienced the benefit arising from it . ( Hear hear . ) As far , then , as the question of ten hours goes ! you are all able to judge of it . If ten hours be long enough to . work at what is admitted to be a li ghter description of labour , surely ten hours are long enough for a man to work with his hands at a more severe descri ption of work ,

      requiring great bodily exertion . ( Hear , hear . ) The systematic overtime working was what led me to think that the men were right . On the other point—the piecework—I was rather inclined to differ with them , and , tojome extent , I am so atill . I faacy that what the men want is not an abolition of piecework , but of the abuses of it . ( Hear , hear . ) They do not object to work done b y piece if it is fairly let and properly paid . What they object to is having work given to them at a certain price or no work at all . In other words , they object to the present system of piecework , because Itis not a mutual bargain between themselves and the masters . All these abuses , as I take it , of piecewok , are merely excrescences that have grown out of overtime working . I fancy that if they had confined themselves to the ten hours ' work , there would have been a greater number of hands employed , there would have been Ies 3 superabundance of hands

      , and less competition for the same work , and , therefore , not the same tendency to pull down wages , which is another reason . why I am inclined to help tho m 6 n in this struggle . ( Cheere ) . The best thing that any man oan do for the working peoplo , is to keep up the rate of wages . ( Hear . ) Then there has been this difference between the conduct of the men and the masters all the way through—which is very striking—that the men have courted publicity , and all their proceedings have been open , and they have tried to effect a settlement of the dispute by arbitration . ( Hear , hear . ) The proceedings of th © masters have been just as muoh the contrary . They took advantage of the men , and got Lord Cranwortb , who ought to hare known better , to give the men a left handed blow , which the "TimeB , " with all the other papers that support the mowed interest , have taken advantage of . ( Chasrs . ) The assertions made by these parties have . I am ver * i \* & to

      say , been most effectuall y contradicted . Now one instance of the way in which the masters have gone to work came under my own notioe , as a director of fhe railway which runs through your own town . Three or four weeks ago a deputation from the masters ,, two of them from Manehes < ter , and another , whom I did not know , waited on a committee , of which I was ono , with a request that we would put the mechanics in a certain shop , 700 in number , on short time , in order that those men might not Lava the means to subscribe towards maintaining their fellow working men who were turned out . ( Shame . ) On being asked to assign their reasons for such an extraordinary demand , they stated—one of them at least—tbat the demands of the men were exceedingly unreasonable ¦ and they had

      , threatened to turn out , if they were not complied with . Those demands were stated to be . first of all , tuatsvstematio overtime should be abolished , that piecework should be abolished , that the labourers should be dismissed from working at machines , and that the hours of nwehames' labour , per day , should be reduced from ten hours to ei ght . As to the first-systematic overtime-I thought the men were ri ght , and that much was to be said ; for them with reference to piecework . As to dismissing the labourers from machines , on being pressed , and after a great deal of difficulty , the deputation admitted that that point , at any rate , Was given up . so that they came to the board with a lie in their mouths . With respect to reducing the honrs from ten to eight we never jWh nf if . hflfnra .

      and the railway board very properly , decided tbat as the men engaged were employed in keeping in repair the working stock ef the company , it was altogether out of their power to accede to the request then made , because , having the interest of the shareholders confided to their care , they could not allow the stock to get out of condition . ( Hear , hear . ) The deputation said that they had prevailed upon several companies to adopt their suggestion , and amongst others tho London and North Western , the . Eastern Counties , and the Brighton Companies . 2 f 0 doubt they went to aU these parties with the Bamelie in their mouths ; and these proceedings convinced me at once that whatever the men wanted , the masters were wrong ; and from that tima I have been anxious to obtain all the information I could on the subject . It » very needful that the position of the men should come before the country . The question of the rights of labour and capital is the most important that 1 know of . It has agitated the whole continent of Europe , and France in particular , for the last four years , and is still unsettled . It is a very dangerous game to play at for those who have property , to begin to raise the question , what

      Untitled Article

      Manchester—The employers having opened their workshops for tho operatives , ha condition that they sign the agreement fixed upon by the committee of the Central Association , it is reported thata number of them have gone to their employ , tbat a proportion of the unskilled laboureM have also been taken on . At- the committee-room of the employers we were assured that the number who bad taken work on these terms was quite equal to expectation . From the committee of operatives a very different account is received ; they deny that more than a few have gone to work , and those men will have to be dismissed . They state that the men lately working at Messrs . Nasmyth ' s foundrv , - £ « ° > , 1 ' ; i 1 ; ece 1 TCd . ^ tice to quit their cottages next week , and the following , is a copy of a circular nnti «« i ™^

      SX « . « v i 5 J Messt < s » Tayleur . atNewton-le-SS iw kSV ? ° Undry ' near Wamngton , Feb . 4 th , S ?! p . 5 lr ? Il Dg anyre P ' to my note yesterday u S T desireath o at you will give up your cottage by ten o clock a . m ., on Saturday next-Sir vour obedient servant , Joseph Leb » -T * e wWrnVn of MeSs . Ta ? £ i ™ * A' 5 ^ ? ^ whora thB 8 ° notices w <™ adl ^ rnpA , fif v U 80 nly ^ re 8 ( la y 8 ' notioe bef <™ they were turned out of house and home . Many of them have gone nn ^ , v ^ ^ f f -. r . 1 8 ut ) 8 criptiona of workmen , h »« 5 Si 'i ° Amal S * ted Society , were £ 260 S 3 am 0 Unfc subscrihed « n any previous JXJS " - aft ?" there was a general meeting of the X n Jer 8 a , 8 S 0 clatl c ° u ' a ' Clarence Hotel . In the J ™ of Thomas Sharp , E « q ., the Chairman of the asniHh ? ' S ff l \ was . ccupied by John platt Es Oldbatn . About forty gentlemen were present . Mr . Rii chardson read a report , in which the course of events to the present time were detailed , and the prospects of success attending the proceedings of the association , were alluded

      to . ine dinerent members of the association have been firm m requiring the signature of each person they engage to the declaration ; m several-cases all classes of workpeople have refused to accept work on condition of signing , buoin the majority of establishments a sufficient number of hands have signed to enable tbe various brandies of work to be resumed . A report was made by seventeen nrms of the numbers who had si gned and were at work , amounting in the whole to 1 , 698 men of all classes , a good average proportion of whom , it was said , appear to be of the skilled class . During the meeting a telegraphic despatch was received from London stating tbat , up to Monday evening , the number of men in the London district who had signed the declaration amounted to 1 , 118 . Mr . M'Gregor , of the firm of Messrs . Forrester and Co ., Liverpool , reported that , as the Amalgamated Society had only extended its influence in a small degree in Liverpool , he had had no difficulty in obtaining the signatures of the 4 oO men employed by their firm to documents of the same

      purport as tne declaration . He believed a similar disposition bad been manifested by the hands of Messrs . Fawcett and Co . Several of tl . e Manchester employers have received written offers from mechanics in different parts of the country to come to work in their establishments . We learn from the local secretary of the Amalgamated Society that the shop of J . Houston and Co ., resumed work here on Monday morning , and that about forty men were taken into employment without being required to subscribe to the pledge of the Employers' Association . It is said that a number of men lately in employ at Patricroft , members ot the Amalgamated Society , have received notices to quit the cottages which they occupy under their late employers . At Newton-in-the-Witlows , about fifty men , it is reported , have already m this way been compelled to break ud their

      nomes . At several of tho shops in Manchester numbers of the unskilled hands applied on Monday for work on the employers terms , but in some cases labour could not bo provided for them , owin * to the absenco of the skilled workmen .

      Untitled Article

      BoLTos .-It was announced that the different ironworks would be opened on Monday morning to such as would sign the declaration . The engineers , except in a few solitary instances , still remain firm in refining to subscribe to the proposed terms . A number of labourers employod ' at * . i jIw Foundry , had signed the declaration and attended their work , but , m the absence of theskilled men , they left work in tha course of the forenoon . At Messrs . Dobson and Barlow s machine shop , Little Bolton , the moulders and hammermen attended in pretty good numbers , and continued working throughout the day ; but at the other works there was nothing further noticeable . Tho dispute , therefore , upon the whole , is just about in tbe same position as regards some final arrangement , as at the commencement . It may be said , if men are to be believed , that a great body of them will not subsoribe to the declaration whatever may be the consequence .

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      • MEETING AT HUDDERSFIELD . On Thursday night a meeting was held in the Philosophioal-hall , for the purpose of affording to Mr . Newton an opportunity of explaining the causes of the pending dispute between the employers and employed in the Iron trades . Mr . Archer Crossley was called to the chair , and on the platform were Mr . Newton and Mr . Norbury—tho deputation from the Amalgamated Society—Mr . James Brooks , and other friends of the movement . Mr . Newton , in a long and masterly speech , enumerated the grievances for which the men on strike claimed redress , and concluded by an urgent appeal to public sympathy and support , His re * marks were received by the crowded meeting with many warm demonstrations of applause , and the proceedings terminated in an unanimous resolve to supoort the society on the question at issue .

      Untitled Article

      Or . DHASf .-. Tlie employers opened their Bhops on Monday morning , but there does not seem to bo the slightest disposition on the part of the meu generally to acquiesce in these conditions ; on the contrary , a most determined spirit of . resistance seems to manifest itself . A printed copy of rules has been abundantly distributed , and , in addition to the declaration required to be signed , has tended to exasperate the men very much . Scores of them declare they will rather starve than submit to such conditions . These rules appear to be of a frivolous and vexatious character , inflicting fines of from 6 d . to 5 s . for coming to work without a two-foot rule , throwing anything ; through a window , makiug a mistake in . one s work , and so on .

      Untitled Article

      Southampton . —Sixty of the men who were turned off from the establishment of -Messrs . Summers , Day , and Baldock , the engineers at Southampton , We signed tho masters declaration against the Amalgamated Society . The hands , however , including apprentices and labourers , who never left the establishment , only amount to 160 .

      Ffim ©Ommjo Ttfence.

      ffim © ommjo ttfence .

      Untitled Article

      . Testimonial to Mr . Vincbmt . — The directors of tha Royal West India Mail Company are about to present Mr . Vincent , the midshi pman , with a handsome gold wotoh ^ which has been made by Mr . Alderman Carter , of Cornhill , and bears the following inscription : — " Mr . Vincent . Presented by the Board of Directors of tho Royal West India Mail Company , highly approving of his conduot in tha Amazon lifeboat . " Postaoe Regulation . — Tho Commissioners of hep Majesty ' s Treasury have ordered and directed tha * all packets consisting of books , - publications , or works of literature or art , may be transmitted by the post w ithin tha United Kingdom , subject to the several regulations and ratea hereinafter contained as follows : —On every suoh packet , if not exceeding one ' pound in weight , there shall be oharged and taken one uniform rate of postage of six pence ; and on every such paoket , if exceeding ona pound , and not exceeding two . pounds in weiaht thera shall ba oharged and taken % ne uniform ratei 3 postage of one shrthng . And for every SioS one pound in weight of any auoh paoket above ZZt , f «? ( wo pounds , there shall be JLrai ^ Si'S ^ tionaf rate of postage of sixpence , and etery fraction nfS additional pound shall be charced as mTIaawI \ « a That no such packet shall JX& * & !* %% ! $$

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      THE WEST RIDING AND SOUTH LANCASHIRE DELEGATE MEETINGS . TO THE EDITOR OP IHE NOBTIIEKN STAR , Sin , —The Chartist members of this locality have met tO consider the resolutions passed at the delegate meeting held at Kochdale and Halifax , in which a vote of want of confidence in the Executive was passed . We -beg to state that , in our opinion , before the Chartists state their want of confidence in the Executive , they are in duty bound to discharge the debt which that Executive has incurred ia their cauee ; and , we think , that , bo long as that debt remains undischarged , the Executive has at Iea 9 t as much right to express a want of confidence in the Chartist body as it has to express a want of confidence in the Executive . Wo beg to state that we have paid the sum of £ 2 , which , was more than our share towards the Executive , and if all the localities had done as much in proportion to their numbers , no debt would ever have been incurred ; and we aro prepared to do still more to save the Chartist cause from dis . honour . We hope that at least there will be no mora grumbling until the Chartist body has enabled the Executwo to place itself in a proper position with its creditors . Tours , on behalf of the ChartiBts of Bingley , J . Wild , Seoretary .

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      f&Nsnx 14 , 1852 . THE NORTHERN STAR . ¦¦ ^ .,. ' , - ' . ^> : > " - ?_

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Feb. 14, 1852, page 5, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1665/page/5/