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Northern Star (1837-1852), 10th May 1851, Edition 1 of 2, Page 3, Untitled Article

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      I MMEJVSR 8 U € OK !» B OV TUB NEW MO » E « V TK SiATMEiST . 9 , 211 OURBB LAST YEAU !!! ithef , V fi % ¥ f ^> ^ Kewd . Dt'lcmdis , and ethers of the Ihmtal da Venerien , a Paris , «*< J now tHU / orm ( u )> Tactiscti hi this country by WALTER DE ROOS , M . D * , 85 , Ely Plack , Uoijjorn Hih , London , AUTHOR OF THE MEDICAL ADVISER , « . « ' rra , « nted into Seven Languages , nf iSnlTr ^ cd"i ;»' , written in a popular stylo , devoid of tcufcnicflhtius , and addressed to nil those who arc suffernous diwi » h » i-ing forms of premature decay tesuUlni from mVecton ana yeutliful abuse , that most Sw ! prac bm by wlucl , the » ig () » r and manliness of life areS vatBd and destroyed , oven before aature has fully eatabilsheil the pun-erg and stamina ot the constitution

      Untitled Article

      LIFE HMQSDO& . . .. - «« Thechamp oftBesteeds on the Bilver hit , As they whirl the rich , man ' s chariot by ; $ Le beggar ' s whine as he looks " at it ~ Bat it goes too fast for charity ; - The trail on the street of the pooVmah ' s broom , That the lady , who walks to her palace-home , On her silken skirt may catch no dust ; The tread of the business-men who must Count their per cents , by the paces they take ; The cry of the babe unheard of its mother , Thon-b . itlieoa her'breast , while shethinks of . the other . ¦ -. - . „ ¦ laid yesterday where it will not wake ; The flower girl ' s prayer to buy roses and pinks .. .. .

      Held out in the smoke like stars by day ; The g in-door ' s oath , that hollowly chinks Guilt upon grief and wrong upon hate ; The cabman ' s cry to get out of the way ; Tie dustman ' s «* U Jo wn the area-grate ; The young maid's jest , and the old wife ' s scold The haggling talk oHUe boys at a stall ; The fig ht , in the street which is backed for gold ; The plea of t '< e lawyers in Westminster-hall ; The drop on the stones . of the blind man's staff , As he trades in his own griefs sacrednes 3 ; The brothers shriek and the Newgate laugh ; The hum upon 'Change and the organ ' s grinding , The grinder ' s face being nevertheless " Dry and vacant of even woe , "While the children ' s hearts are leaping so

      At the merry music ' s winding ! The black-plumed funeral ' s creeping train , Ion ? and slow ( and yet they will go As fast as Life , though it hurry and strain !) Greeping the populous houses through , And nodding their plumes , at either side , At many a house where an infant , new To the sunshiny world , as just straggled and ' cried , — . At many a house where sitteth a bride Trying the morrow ' s coronals , With a scarlet blush to-day . Slowly creep the funerals , As none should hear the noise and say , ' The living , the living most go away To multiply the dead ! ' " Foemsm Mbs . Babhext Beowmkg .

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      The Saxon in Ireland ; or , the Rambles of an Englishman in Search of a Settlement in the West of Ireland . London : Murray . This is one of the most hopeful books that has appeared on the subject of Ireland . Its materials were furnished by more than one trip to { he west ; as the writer returned home , to report what he had seen , and to confer with his family and friends on his plans for the future . Much as we have heard of the fertility , and the varied capabilities of that misgoverned and unfortunate country , the travels of this shrewd and intelligent" Saxon " .

      proves that those statements fall even below the troth . In almost every part of the island eonrces of wealth , the moat valuable and abundant , lie latent and undeveloped , and at a time when our political economists are crying out about surpluB population , and hundreds of thousands of small capitalists , operatives , and agricultural labourers , are flying to Canada , the United States , or our Australian Colonies , thereis within a few hours sail a richer and more promising field of enterprise left untouched ! On the folly of this conduct hear our sensible author . The extract contains at once - the moral and the justification of his

      book •— It was a joyous greeting that I received from my dear family , when I once more found myself beneath the paternal roof . Though . the absence in reality was short , to them it had apgeared long , and they bad begun to fear , from the . somewhat enthusiastic tenor of my letters , that my tour would be prolonged . Itwaa notlongbfiore my kiod friend the curate joined us , eager to hear a thousand particu lars , and anxious to disco ^ the result of my observations as connected s ^ th our future plans . " But , " said he , archly , "Jthink there is no secret to communicate , we may fairly judge from all you have - written to us , the warmth of which 1 confess

      surprised roe , that the antipodes are at a discount . This delightful and convenient Mullingar railroad has lost Australia or the Canadas a right worthy and desirable emigrant . To reach Galway from I London in four-and-twehty hours certainly sets a ! oew face on things , and the Irish may depend upon this , that in spite of their factions , their politics , and their religions squabbles , the English ere long will discover bow much better it is to settle in Donegal or Mayo , than to seek their fortunes beneath burning suns , or in the land of the wild Indian . Now , my dear friend , " centinued the curate , " answer me this question , fairly and honestly ; with such a country as Ireland close at

      hand , notwithstanding all her faults , do yon think any man in his right senses would ever think of seeking a settlement in 2 few Zealand , at the Cane cr Port Phillip ? " "I thick not , " replied I ; " and I may as well say at once , that my mind is made up to select our new home in the land I have sore * cently left . I cannot say that I have met with the exact place as yet ; hut it is my intention to return in the ensuing spring or summer , and to resume my researches till I have made choice of onr location . I do not hesitate to confess that Ireland , in the fertility of its soil , the kindness and hospitality of its people , and the beauty of its scenery , has far Eurpassed my expectations . I am decidedly of

      opinion , too , that fortune , respectability , and happiness may be found even there . " "I never doubted it , " said the curate , " and felt well assured that your absurd English prejudices ( pardon me ) ¦ would speedily wear away , when you saw with yonr I © wneye 3 , and nsed your own judgment . Let a few English families cluster together , purchase , or take on lease , estates in the same neighbourhood , hold together , mutually assisting each other , 'keepin g the unity of the spirit in the bond of peace , ' as the apostle advises , acting kindly and justly to the inhabitants , eschewing politics , not meddling with

      tuetehgion of others , but quietly practising their own ; I repeat , let emigrant families act thus , and "i , for one , would prefer Green Erin as a settlement to any country on the globe . And why not ? Are sensible men to be scared with the interested ex aggeratloiB of unpatriotic speakers and writers , wltoiroald gladly drive industry and civilisation I from their native shores in order to serve their own purposes ? Are the Irish worse than John Heki , and other native chiefs ? or are they more relentless than the Cafires , or the red Lidiaas , or the canibalsoflforthAustraUa ?"

      Onr author was , however , too much a Saxon to come to a hasty or inconsiderate resolve . He spent the Christmas and the spring at home ; and in the Mowing June he again set out for Connaught . In Erris , as it turned out , his destiny was laid . At the inn in Newport he met with an at first uncommunicative , but afterwards obliging stranger , who turned ont to be not onl y Saxon like himself , but a distant relative , and who for fourteen years had been a resident in one of the

      remotest * and least civiliced parts of Connaught The pair of Saxons rapidly grew fast friends . Indeed it would not be easy to say which had the strongest motivei to Cultivate tW friendship of the other . The one Wanted advice from one so well qualified to offer it * * h < 1 the other wanted to secure , as a nei ghbour , one who proved to be not only of * us own race , but of his lineage . Oar readers may readily infer that they did not test until the wishes of both were gratified , -fhe author of the work before us is now a

      settler in Erris . He recommends his readers to do nothing that he has not set the example w himself , it is all mOst pleasing to read and Jjjmk of ; the adventures and surprises like those of a novel ; and yet , we have every rea-^ a to believe , the plain , unadorned fact , r ecounted with a frankness and simplicity that nave quite an artistic effect , We must not conclude without giving a spe-*« nen or two of the opinions of the guide , Philosop her , and friend , whom onr author thus ^ racnl qusly lit upon iu the wildemeBS . tentL naTe never , however , " continued he , " re-J ^ M iny choice of a home , and never intend to liii ** " *¦ new settlers will not have the up'' gaine toniatrtW . Tlin . * it tha t ™* + !»« .+ t

      ; road f anud ^?® rece 5 sea of Erris tnere wer e no safe V * ' * 'or carriages , and even finch as were dignified the dj ¦ name » were mere horse-paths leading ap qnat L tlle TO < Mint * Jns , and passing through ^ lng bogg and dan gerous morass es . Sow , the atM » ? cation 1 S everywhere opened * markets are ittZ ' and the * ay fa cleared for any furthir . r ^ ate that enterprise and capital may uSu ° e 8 e <* . And jet , atthis present moment , no ™ h . Pni « hase the same tract of land which I W ^* i ' "TOM itiaiU primitive condition , for at ttv > * * * S ceat leSB money . " ' That is all in S& * r . *** L " m * yonwelf , lam an En-6 a ret ° gee , and am now actually engaged is look-

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      S 22 S tar " Slment > ***** Ireland to R « Z ^ ; . «« you are W replied Mr . fetaST & * £ n ° m ° n > a « ° mP « i » on to lt awTii » X tiln « M m ? ro feelings aside , I beam ^ Jj £ f e ? t Potion of this country , that andSkft ^ mleU here on » more certain beard or S . ^ an anywhere e , ge that I have SFrtW ° ' ? " 8 Uab ' generally , from , a hllni- atte . at this way ; their sole idea of Ireland is associated with murder , faction fights , fcr ^ f" ^ ^^ a 11 W The extreme r ertiiity of the soil , the mildness of the climate , the present cheapness of tbeland to a purchaser , the real good qualities of the population , particularly in these parts , the . yastmaratimoadvantages within reach , the now rapid communication with England , and the consequent ulterior prospects of the country ~ all-these are lost sight of by the present generation , to be improved and valuedprobablby the ^ ^ ffl ^ aara

      , y , next . " " And yet , " said I , " you find exceptions ; and I believe that many far-siehted men are quietly investing their money here , yk \ x the absolute certainty , where purchases are made with judgment , of securing a most ample return . " " Yes , more than a mere ample return . I have , myself , known estates disposed of in some of the remoter districts , tbe annual Tental of which , should times improve , as they must and will do , ought to equal tbe sum total of the purchase money . But care should be taken in seeking out a purchase , and more in making one ; many considerations are involved , and a person may fancy that he has made a great bargain by giving fifteen years' purchase for what probably is not worth five . It is most difficult at present , in Ireland , to judge of real value by assumed rentals ; a prudent investor will put aside rental altogether , and have the land valued irrespectively of its alleged returns . "

      Our readers-will be anxious for a description of this gentleman ' s settlement in the wilds of Erris—and here it is : — . ' As the object of my correspondence is not so much to describe to . you men and manners as simply to state facts practically interesting and useful , 1 will not enter into all the details of what proved to me a pleasant and improving viait . Suffice it to say , 1 lound in Mrs . , S——— : a lad ? of refined manners and simple habits ,: devoted to her duties as a wife and mother . She was always cheerful , never boisterous , and the arrangements of her household were conducted without any appearance of noise or bustle . The furniture was plain , but handsome and substantial ; . the floors , laid with polished bog-wood

      , needed no carpets in summer ; and shining , brass dogs , on which the black turf was piled , took the place of the more modern grate . In this , perhaps the most remotest and wildest part of Ireland , all was English in arrangement and appearance . Cleanliness and plenty were hand in hand ; dirt and ex . travagance found no entrance there . One English and two Irish girls , under the immediate superintendence of their mistress , formed the in-door es > tablisbment ; and I was not a little pleased to notice that bare feet and bare legs were not tolerated . It was also , delightful to . observe the unaffected kindliness of manner , and the anxiety to render every little possible service , that pervaded all the inmates of this house . Selfishness was unknown

      where the greatest pleasure of each was to oblige . I never felt so entirely " convinced of the often disputed truth , that retirement is the best soil in which to foster , and mature the kindlier qualities of our nature . Contact with the world calls into activity passions which else had been dormant . The universal selfishness around us teaches us to be selfish , suspicion engenders suspicion , wronginvites wrong , and vice allures to be vicious . Tne out-door establishment at Glenduff was extensive . Mr . S—— gave all orders , and everything about the farm was under his entire superintendence . But as he was obliged often to be absent at markets and attending saleB , he had under him a young man of about five-and-twentv , whom he had taken

      from an orphan seminary when about ten years old , and since brought ud in his own regular and business-like habits . To him was committed the carrying out of orders , and he had hitherto proved himself a devoted and faithful servant . He was everywhere and in everything ; his quick eye seemed to embrace every operation at a glance ; and he conducted the matters eutrusted to Mm with such a quiet but cheerful zeal that it was manifest his pleasure was in his doties . Besides this man—whose name W&s Riehard O'Malleywere a principal herdsman and shepherd , the former having two , the latter three lads under him . Two or three cottiers also resided up among the hills and to them was entrusted the keeping of the herds

      and flocks within bounds when the otters were engaged in various duties nearer home . A ploughman having a stout boy as assistant , lived adjoining the farm-yard , and his wife managed the dairy , with the exception of two cow 8 which were specially retained for the supply of the house , and which were under the charge of the English girl The abovementioned Richard , the herdsman , and three of the boys , lived together in a commodious and weH-regalated building close to the house , and on Sundays and holidays they were admitted to dine there m a spacious room which afc other times was devoted to the general business of the establishment . Here was the hall of audience , and . the

      great depository of rods , panniers , and tackle , with sundry guns and rifles , traps , and nets of every description . The morning after my arrival my host took me to inspect his farm-buildings . They were well planned , large , and substantial , consisting of two barns , ample cattle sheds well sheltered , a cow-house on the English plan , and , what much pleased . me , a considerable water-power , applied to every necessary operation of grinding , crushing , cutting , &c . This stream he had diverted from a hollow in the hill behind ; and taking its rise from a small lough , it never failed in the requisite quantity , though used plentifully both in the farm and house for all common purposes .

      Ample details are given as to the modes of reclaiming the waste laud , which we are told is very different in its character from land of the same denomination in England . Wastes in England are generally sandy or gravelly soils , hungry and ropulsue to vegetation -, whereas in the west of Ireland most of the uncultivated bogs and the alluvial soils on the banks of the rivers afford , by proper treatment in their reclamation , a source of certain profit . With regard to the farm of Glenduff , I have no hesitation in asserting that the annual value , if let two years ago , would have equalled the price originally paid for the fee simple . All depends on the caution and judgment of the purchaser .. There are large tracts

      of land in the west of Ireland which it would be absurd to purohase at any price ; for instance , those overspread with huge holders of granite , and those rocky plains where it would be difficult to find two or three acres in any one spot on which a plough could work-, but , on the other hand , there are districts comprehending many thousands of acres , where every square yard has its value , and where Iand 3 may be purchaied , aad farms rented , for a price lower far than even colonial agents would ever dream of . A great portion of western Mayo comes under this description , and I would above-all others particularises Erris , which contains a most improvable superficies of many thousand

      acres . As a settlement , the weBt of Ireland presents advantages unknown to other districts which ignorant men are running after and colonising . The expenses of reclaiming land in any of our colonies are greater than in Ireland ; wages are higher , labourers scarcely to be had at any price ; houses ' are let at high rents , markets are uncertain , carriage of produce expensive and difficult , morals are at a low ebb ; there is no security against tbe abo . rigines . a man ' s life and property being in continual jeopardy for years . Witness jSorthern Australia , Sew Zealand , and the settlements north of tbe Cape . Whereas in the northern districts of the west of Ireland offences against the law are rare

      the cowardly outrages of Tipperary are unknown ; a numerous and hardy population wait to be employed , aud regard the employer as their greatest benefactor . The roads are good , the harbours deep and well sheltered , tbe country beautiful and fertile , and there is a ready market for stock and for every description of produce . : The caution against confounding the bogs and wastes of Ireland with the moorlands and mosses of England , iras greatly needed . . The geological conformation and meteorological

      influences of Ireland , are essentially different from those in England ; and the same words , descriptive of the same state of nature or-neglect , imply very , different degrees indeed of productiveness or reclaimability . The Irish bog i 3 , like the Irish character , a thing sui generis ' , and , like the latter , immensely improvable by care and cultivation . But we must conclude , and we do so by asking the question , why Foreign Emigration should be encouraged , when sueh-a land- as this calls aloud for capital and labour ?

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      Social Statics ; or the Conditions essential to Human Happiness specified , and the first of them Developed . By HERBERT SPEXCER . London : Chapman . Has man a moral sense ? Has he , as the poets have always taught , an innate power of discerning right from wrong ? This is a question on which law-givers and metaphysicians have -written libraries of books , —and that it is not yet settled either way , Mr . Herbert Spencer ' s work is another proof . Shaftesbury is generally placed at the head of those who answer in the affirmative—Bentham of those

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      ^ a ^ ga ^^ M ^^^^^^^^^^^^ • ^ ' - « f «* fc wiTh ^ « ! y i 8 V 1 th ne Sative- The systems * ™ tl V ? re « of Shaftesbury's moral sense ' though varying in their nan / es , 2 S *^* W Reid ' s ' Common SB ? " ? £ < XJnd ^ stimdiDg , ' . Clarke ' s t £ mF ° l . hiDg 8 ' ' Granvill e Sharp's * NaturalEquity , ' and so forth , are all founded on the theory that there exists inthe human mind an mtmtion of right-a sense of justice-entirely independent of the outward lessons of ± 1 $ * * ^^ r ^

      the . world . This idea JBentham denounced as an ^ anarchical and capricious principle , founded solel y upou internal aud peculiar feelings ; and it is rejected by all the various schools of moral and . political thinkers who have received their inspiration from his works . On its rejection the doctrine : of Expediency is based . " Admit a moral sense , and it is clear that the ri ght must also be the expedient : — hence , Expediency , as a rule of public policy , would be superfluous . ;¦• ;• . ¦;" ¦ - 1

      Between these thinkers Mr . Spencer proposes to arbitrate . : Bentham rejects the moral sense , because , it is anarchical and capricious—not the same in all ages and nations . His disciples triumphantly exclaim : What is the moral sense of the Chinese infanticide—of the Malay glorying iu acts of piracy —of the Thug who murders men in the name ' of piety—of the Russian who prides himself on cheating his friend—of the Iroquoiawith his undying thirst for revenge ? Were there amoral senBe in man , ; its responses must be the same in every individual of the race : the ^ m ora l responses are not the same ;—

      ergo , there is no moral sense . This , we believe , is a fair statement of the Bentham argument ; That the theory is misconceived , and the inference here drawn false , Mr . S pencer entertains no doubt .: The mistake consists in assuming that , if a moral sense existsits responses must of necessity be uniform under all conditions . Take an analogous case . Locke and Kant— materialists and spiritualists—all admit the existence of the geometrical sense ; 'the fundamental basis of exact science . This sense t&te cognisance of surfaces and linear dimensions , and of . the relations which they bear to each other . ? et on comparing notes , it would be found that individuals vary greatly in their

      ideas ot such linear dimensione and relations and it is only by striking out the single cases of error that we can obtain geometrical truths . This must be the case in morals . The geometrical sense is not the science of . geometry — nor is the moral sense the science of morals . The firBt enables us to arrive at certain necessary axioms , —as , the whole is : greater than its part-things which are equal to the same thing are equal to each other ,-and so on ; but ot itself , unaided and uncultured , it would not teach us the properties of squares , circles , and parallelograms . The Bushman cannot count ave , —the Australian does not see that two and two makes four ; but to infer on this account that these lower races are minua the geometrical senBe , would be hasty and illogical . So

      witu the Thug and the Malay . To expect that the moral intuition should enable men to solve ethical problems , is to expect more than is reasonable .. Each spiritual faculty has its own work to perform . 'As it is the object of the geometrical sense to ori ginate a geometric axiom from which reason may deduce a scientific geometry , —so it is the office of the moral sense to originate a moral axiom from which reason may developea systematic moralitv . '

      Ihis IS the task which Mr . Spencer has undertaken . B y an inquiry conducted throughout with clearness , good temper , and strict logic , he arrives by various routes at the same conclusion : —That the end of all endeavour should be to confer happiness ; aud the mean b y which alone this end can be gained is , a determination to do that which is just and right in all eases without regard to conditions ^ precedents , or consequences . Thedoctrines of Expediency , Divine Right , Feudalism , : Serfdom and Inequality , are proved to be erroneous , and set aside calmly but . thoroughly ; and' in their stead a theory of moral science And a philosophical democracy are proposed ,

      The nature of the subject prevents our following the argument further ; but it is due to our readers and to Mr . Spencer equally that we exhibit one or two specimens of the clear method and varied knowledge which he bringB to the illustration of his theme . Instead , however , of making our selection from the more abstract portion of the work , we take the practical application of his principles to private property in land . Never before was landlordism so logically and remorselessly demolished . He thus states the bearing of the law of Equity on the matter ;—

      Given a race of beings having like claims to pursue the objects of their desires—given a world adapted to the gratification of those desires—a world into which such beings are similarly born , and it unavoidably follows that they have equal rights to the use of this world . For if each of them " has freedom to do all that he wills provided he infringeB not the equal freedom of any other , " then each of them is free to . use the earth for the satisfaction of his wants , provided he allows all others the same liberty . And , conversely ,. it is manifest that no one , or part of them , may use the earth in such a way as to prevent the rest from similarly using it ; seeinthat to do this is to

      g assume greater freedom than the rest , and , consequently , to break tho law . Equity , therefore , sternly and distinctly savs ' there can be no property in land ' : — Passing from the consideration of the possible to that of the actual , we find yet further reason to deny the rectitude of property in laud . It can never be pretended that the existing titles to such pro . perty are , legitimate . Should any one think so let him look to the chronicles . Violence , fraud the prerogative of force , the claims of superior cunning —these are the sources to which those titles may be traced . The original deeds were written with

      the sword rather than the pen : not lawyers , but soldiers were-the conveyancers : blows were the current , coin given in payment ; and for seals , blood was used in preference to wax . Could valid claims be thus constituted ? Hardly . And if not , what becomes of . the pretensions of all- subsequent holders . ofestateB so obtained ? Does Bale or bequest generate a . right where it did not previously exist ? Would the original claimants be nonsuited at the bar of reason , because the thing stolen from them had changed hands ? Certainly not . And if one act of transfer can give no title , can many ? No ; though nothing be multiplied for

      ever , it will not produce one . _ Even the law recognises this principle . An existing holder must , if called upon " , substantiate the claims of those from whom ho purchased or inherited his property ' , SVlUl any flaw in the original parchment , e ? en though the property should have had a score of intermediate owners , quashes his right . "But time , " ' sajr , some , "is a great legalises Immemorial possession must be taken to constitute a legitimate claim . That which has been held from age to age as private property , and has been bought and

      sold as such , imi 8 t now be considered as irrevocably belonging to individuals . " To . which proposition a willing ftB 8 ent shall be given when its propounders can assign it a definite meaning . To do this , however , they must find satisfactory answers to auch questions as—How long does it take for what was originally a wrong to grow into a right ? At what rate per annum do invalid claims become valid ? If a title gets perfect in a thousand years , how much more than perfect ) trill it be in two thousand years ? —and so forth . For the solution of which they will require a new calculus .

      Whether it may be expedient to admit claims ofa certaiu standing , is not the point . We have . here nothing to do with considerations of conventional privilege or legislative ' convenience . We have simply to inquire what is the verdict given by pure equity in the matter . And this verdict enjoins a protest against every existing pretension to the individual possession of the soil ; and diotates the assertion , that the right of mankind at large to the earth ' s surface is still valid ; all deeds , customs , and laws , notwithstanding .

      Tho common argument is that , when a mau reclaims land , expends bis labour on it , making it by his improvements valuable , arable , from mere marsh or waste that it was before , his labour has erected a property which no other man can dispute . This W . Spencer thus answers : — . . You say truly , when you say that" whilst they were unreclaimed these I mds belong to all men . " And it is my duty to fell you that they belong to all men still ; and that your " improvements / ' aa you call them , cannot vitiate the claim of all men You may plough and harrow ,: and sow a » dreap

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      T^^ iffiSi * " ^ -- You ; soilyours whToh ^ ? wii faiI ** *«« that mo put a eS a ? ^ yonSto begin " with . Let ybur . wandSes sSS * m min the C 0 UMe of which 1 u ™ S tTo fM ?? :. 'W w » empty house , fancy ; SU p 2 '&&& W - state takes your ityo w . affi 5 ? T ?« lS intenUjiif of . making riwngEffi . ^?^^ « e-Mtf-fe ) uble wash , a& at con iKT ' ' 2 W " ^ atld ^* Mtal ^ -atafi ^ SteJtet ^ h ? ' - '' * ' 11- " * day a- ¦ fitrarieeH ^ n i ?^ ' ^ r that . o . n some fatal the heir to -E « £ i ?* Ce ? i " ^ 'turn out to ¦ be and that ™ h ! SnS ? U ? e hai ? b 6 etf Wqueathed 5 . nacewar , < proSXf . ??« T l . ? P ^ d with alltho your improvoment SV' ^ ^ esbf title to tfio houfc" n "•?? they S 1 V 0 ; y ° u a Talid ordinal cLS ? -- ^ -V ^ K ^ t itte of the yofSa ^ . ^^^

      the title of it . or » in , T weitner «« they quash The world a Go ? w ^**^ . * ?** " ^ race ' are ¦ joint 1 heirs u * ° ^ nklnd ' . All men And because Wh , ™ 7 ? u aniong 8 t . the number . a certain pK IL ^ " J > ^ idence on beautified 2 t A 4 ™? ° rt ' ' CUltiVated ' are not tC « f , T lmProved " as you say / you as entireit \ . 1 T' warranted in , appropriating . if so , ToiSWT . I"FW . ; , At-Wif you ^ do " . Again ; -- " ' ! " ¦ ¦' - ¦ ¦ ' ' lordE wiS ^ ¥$ i * PMdtiy .. bdJOTein landfe ^^^ sK . tss-ok

      KSto JL * ^ * « # nv ;* 7 ta £ tfto E = I ^ SBi supersedes the authority , of title deeds , and servos propnetor ^ wnh notices to quit , whetbeShe ^ S S 2 v . r PUbl' ° *^ e free t 0 re 9 rime as m" 0 h of the ? , 2 lUrfaCe a ^ ey think fi t , or the titles of the landowners must be > considered absolute , and ^ all national works mustibe postponed until lords and and squires please to part with the requisite slices of their estates . - If we decide that tie claims of individual ownership innsfelye way . then wo imnlv

      maiine right of the nationat large to the soil is supreme-that the rightofprivatl possession only Effi L 5 eneral F ^^ n t-tbat general consent The supporters of the proposition for the nationalisation of the lanu will find a stovehouse of argument in Mr . Spencer ' s book .

      — ** r Tait ' sMagazine . May . London : Simpkin , Marshall , and Go . - • "The Great Exhibition " is thefirst of a long liBt of excelleut aud varied articles , in this number . "Craigallan Castle" increases in interest as the tale progresses , an observation wh « h equally applies to the series of papers entitled " The Working Man's ' Way in the World . " With the exception of a critique by Be Qumcey , upon "Lord Carlisle ' s Lecture on

      Pope , ' the other articles are mainl y resumes of the most important and « interesting works recentl y published , , and are done in th& satisfactory manner for which Tait has been so long lamed . 'The political article on " The Whig Famil y Compact , " . i 8 a smartly written summary , of theeverits connected with Lord John ' s sham resignation , in which the trickery of the family party , and the ' short-comings of the bocalled Liberal party in Parliament , are duly shown up . ' Altogether this number is well calculated to maintain the reputation of Tait

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      TflB KOH-l-NOOH A BBAL " MOUNTAIN OP LlGHT \" ¦ -A fatality has hitherto attended the possession of the Koh-i-Noor diamond ; on which account , now that It has fallen into her Majesty ' s hands , superstition might counsel the Queon . to get rid of it as soon as possible . A considerably : better reason ; however , why our Sovereign might be recommended to dispose of this piece of crystallised carbon , is that by selling it fo * what it would fetch , she might be enabled to sport a muoh more splendid jewel m that crown , which may she wear long before changing it for a . better ! The Koh-i-noor would fetch a sum which might be invested in a munificent ' royal foundation for educational purposes . This proposal is more especially seasonable

      just now that we are all—that is , all rational and honest men—considering how best to counteract papal machinations . We cannot oppose the ; Pope and his servile emissaries more effeotually than by disseminating knowledge . Ignorance ia said to be the Mother of Devotion ; which is quite true—though only true as regards that devotion that venerates nail-parings , images , anatomical preparations , ahd other things of a similar nature to the objects worshipped by aboriginal negroos . But how is it , then , that ao many " clever men , " as Father Newman and his confederatPS boast , havo gone over to Rome ? In consequence of their stupidity , and not of their cleverness .: Moat of those who have turned Papists have , been persons whose acquirements are

      conhned to the ancient languages , and whose philosophy extends no further' than the wordy speculations of the praters of old . A considerable number of these erudite converts may be very well informed on the subject of Greek or Hebrew roots , but it is questionable if . many of ' them know the stamens from the pistils of a buttercup .. No FaradayB , no Brandeg , no Whewells , no Sedgwicka , have prostrated themselves at the feet of the Pope and Dr . Wiseman ; - An acquaintance with the sublime laws , and the masterly handiwork which govern and characterise the universe , will prevent any one who has the least idea of style , from mistaking for other than human the imbecile ordinances and clumsy fabrications of priestcraft . Oxford , learned only in the learning'of pedagogues ; asinine in regard to natural science ; has been tho chief nursery for

      Rome . The " clever . men "; v ? ho have joined the church of the Inquisition have only done , late in the day , what the slightest : logical perception would , with their principles , have made them do years ago . The royal commission , it is to be hoped , will correofcthemonkery of Oxford , by forcing the study of creation ' s realities on that great grammar school . < . Btill there is , a-large proportion of the working- classes ; . and a vast mass of pauperism almost , * if not quite , as ijtnorant as Oxford of those truths , the Lnowledge of which is the surest safeguard of the understanding \ against tho delusions of Koman . or any other imposture or insanity . Could the Koh-i-Noor . be converted into the means of dispelling this darkness , it would bo indeed what its name implies—a truo " mountain of light . " - — Punch . ¦•¦• ¦¦¦ ' -

      Rational E » BCATioN ,-The following petition to the House of Commons has obtained a very lavse number of signatures in Birmingham :- ' That it is the opinion of ; your petitioners , that in order to dimmish Intemperance , misery , and Ol'iniG and to promote morality and the best interests of all classes a large extension of education among the people is necessary . ; That the principle on which the assistance of the state is at present extended for educational purposes is manifestl y erroneous inasmuch as aid is given in an inverse ratio to tlm necessities of the pedple , and is conveyed chiefly throughthe . nediumof tho various religiousdeno-T ^ T' ^ -f th f ? , foro mustbe P ««»» ^ & Jf ™ Ta T * J fai 110 reaoh a lar Se , and that the most degraded portion of the community , while it tends to , perpetuate aod embitter the soirih nf ««„ .

      RMtTh . ™ , ' , fy system of public schools & ™ & ^ T acce P o to He people of this country , and to meet tho complicated difficulties of the queation : muat bo supported by local totVhl H anag ! the " ooal au ^ on Cies B . ' i ^ P ' 'yer 8 especially for- that P . rii . w h " ^ to * admission to ail ft > Z table re 5 Uationa and Wltho » t re "« Ious distinctions ; That m order that the rights of « onfT ^ nt ^ . ^ ^ ured - i 4 8 h 0 « ld »> e a inv of ? h « l ^ i w -1 " L in - should l » 0 Uueht in IKS ^ 'gwus seot or denomination . ' That this system , instead of inmriouslv ' affi-nHno' thn in .

      ^^^ "g' ^ n ^ ould - materially aid ffe efforts rS hn ° ^ " gion , and would do much to soften the asperities and . remove the prejudices of sects and parti * . Your petitioners , tLS ^ S fnv KSi t f by y ° honourable house for the establishment of a general system of secular rSTimp 8 U PP ° ' ^ ' by lo / a l rates ( lev S on the same assessments as the poor rate , and managed by local authorities elected by the ratepayers specially for the purpose " ^ Arrival op Four Monster' Casks of Wi \ k — Thc . ship Traveller , Captain A . R LnSLon from tilt Z , ? lnt 0 fcho : L ondon Docks , on tho 1 st of Jfay . fiHW mo nster casks of rare sherrv wine These casks are said to be thii . L . « . t . ™ L "in

      8 . WB We larger one 8-H 4 uty ; £ e 33 t 53 . ro u »? u ? * ? IBTO - -Mw ; . Ohognellf of Saffron Walden . last week gave b irth to four daughters , all of whom are living , and the mother is " as well as one can expect . " • .-,....

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      reSScSr " " contain 8 * f obfc , as ; A Woman ' s birth-place is the spot where she has most loved . ¦•'•• ' " ' •¦ , " ' " « = " . i » Ignorance . —The cure ofignorance and study as meat is that of hunger . ' : ' J ? f . T Iu what doe 8 a tanner resemble a chemis t ? —In Uis knowledge of ox ( h ) ides ; why does a railway clerk out a hole in your return ticket ? -To let you pass through . WisnoM .-Itisasi gnofwisdomto be -willing to receive instruction . ' . ;• ' Beside Yourself . ' - * You look as if you were beside yourself , " as the . wagsaid toa fellow who stood by a donkev . rieh ^ rJadtflpIr ^ fi ! : 80118 fal 10 Dtconcerning the joutuej Hmen th « neverget to theendof iheir

      rM ? l ^ t £ ™ ed ?? ated t 0 despiae mankind , geno-Sman ll » eir studies by running away wiUi the wi ? hpH £ 'T An oM n « eman , being asked what lie ? anv Jmi "' I' ^ P ^^ . / 'An appetite , good company , somethiDg to eat , and a napkin . " ast Krr 5 ' 7 NlltMDgi 8 sobu » hen 3 Om ^ « s ss ^^ aasfijus ' take care nn ^ Hw " u ° ? ^ farewe 11 10 « » i * t' c ^ s ^ J ^ ssss ^ &gss J 2 i « £ rii ; stl ? n 8 e ^ ld CU 8 tom - ««»««» 8 to which aa ^ jSa ^ SEftss * m ° Ss ^ - ^ tssaytfAs KlNDNKRH . —WJMt , „„ ..: __ ' J " ... .. .

      nearls slinnino- ff J i * - V are aa ea 8 Uv lost a 8 «» e ^ 'Sdo ^ S ^ S ^^^ g c ^ , even when d ^ ped by c ^ e , sprJ ^ « T a To Preserve Books from iNsBcis . —Inttoduce into every , volume some leaves of a pungent odour such as rosemary , or submit them to thl vapour of oil of turpentine . ¦ '• '¦ ' •• ¦¦ • t Ihbbstry may be considered as the purse , and frugality as its strings , which should rather be tied with a bow than a double knot , that the contents may not be too difficult of access ; for reasonable purposes . i The CESsus .-If any ladies there be who have exaggerated their youth in the census returns , a venerable dame m Inverness has atoned for their detective memories bv renortintr h * r » u ** u- .. ^ .

      day" to have been 705 ! " " PARsNiPs .-Those who have gardens or small allotments ofland are strongly advised to cultivate parsnips , which are much superior to carrots , both for the table and for the feeding of pigs and other animals . ' . ; b Time is an old novelist who takes pleasure in printing his tales on our countenance . He writes the first chapters with a swan ' s down , and graves the last with a steel pen . Calcutta , the capital of our Indian Empire , WJ J& by tbo Cen l ua of May - 185 - a Population ? 1 « £ '} 82 Pef 80 ns of who » 274 , 000 were Hindoos , 110 . 000 Mohammedans , 6 , 233 Europeans , and aboub the same number of residents from other countries . Calcutta is , therefore , about one-fifth the size of London .

      ; Cohfbssion .--A . Rowan Catholic curate , to free himself from the great labour of confession in Lent , gave notice to his parishioners that on Monday he should confess the liars ; on Tuesday the misers ; on Wednesday the slanderers ; on Thursday the thieves ; on Friday the libertines ; and on Saturday the bad women . His scheme succeeded : none attended . The Metropolitan Members seem to patronise any ancient annoyance , so it be of London . Last year they opposed tho Cemetery Bill- —fighting for the undertakers . This session they stand t ip for Smithfield . In time , we fear , it may become a question , whether , among other crying nuisances to be got rid of , there is not the nuisance of—Metropolifran Members . —Punc / i : . r

      iNDcsiar ., —If industry is no more than habit , it is at least an excellent one , If you ask me which is the real hereditary , sin of human nature , do you imagine I ^ shall answer pride , or luxury , or ambition , or egotism , ? No ; I shall say indolence . Who conquers indolence , will conquer all the rest . All good principles must stagnate without mental activity . — Tiimmermani ¦ JPRAcncAi . PHiLosoraY . —Southey says in one of his letters , — "I have told you of the Spaniard who always put on his spectacles when he was about to eat cherries that they might look the bigger , and more tempting . In like manner I make the most

      of my enjoyments ; and though . I do not cast my cares away , 1 pack them in as little compass as I can ,. and carry them aa convenientl y as I can for myself , and never let them annoy others . " Incombustible Thatch . —Straw saturated with a solution of lime or common whitewash , ha 6 , it is said , been repeatedly proved tobenotbnly fire-proof , but more durable than the ordinary thatch . Imdium and Osmium are two scarce metals , discovered by . Tennant amongst the grains of Platinum , and are so hard os to be required to be worked with diamond powder ; they are used for the tips of gold pens . e

      War . —Letters from Berlin say , " As fruits of the late war , there are at present in the Romanic and So ^ o . ; S A CironlcdiBtrlotsof . Hun 8 ary » 25 , 000 widows , and 80 , 000 orphans of soldiers , almost entirely without food , clothing , or shelter . " A Kiss . —Ninon de l'Enclos defines a kiss" — "An alms which enriches him who receives , without impoverishing her who gives . " Very true ; but misses , should be careful to choose none but deserving objects on whom to bestow their charities . Newspaper Stamps . —The total number of

      newspaper stamps issued in the year 1850 , in England and Wales , was , of penny stamps , 65 , 741 , 271 ; and of halfpenny , 11 , 084 , 423 . In Ireland , 6 , 302 728 penny , and 43 , 358 halfpenny ; in Scotland , 7 , Ci 3 045 penny , and 241 , 264 halfpenny . Fat and Leas . —A man , praising porter , said it was so excellent a beverage that , though taken in great quantities , it always made him fat . " I have seen the time , " said another , " when it made you lean . "— 11 When , I should like to know ? " said the eulogist . — "Why , no longer since than last nightagainst a wall . "

      Jsano Froio . —When Lieut . O'Brien was blown upi m the Edgar , and thrown onboard the Admiral all black and wet , he said to the commander , with pleasantry ,, " I hope , sir , you will excuse my dirtv appearance , for I left the ship in ao-great a hurry that I had not time to change my dress . " Ultramauinb of the genuine sort is the product of . the lapis lazuli , a Siberian mineral of greatbeauty ibe finest qualities of this colour are exceedingly eostly ( some being valued at twenty guineas an ounce ) , but the artificial product can be sold at a wholesale price of fifteen pence per pound .

      A . Female Barrister . —Great interest was lately excited in the Court of Appeal at Paris , by a lady Madame Grange , pleading her own cause , in an ffi }*! i !? - 1 ° ^ admiss 5 o A of a claim of oMe . SSlfr . in a bankruptcy ; The lady spoke for nearly three hours , and displayed all the self-confidence and skill of a practised advocate . She did not make use of notes , though she had numerous documents to refer to . She also discussed , with much talent , certain questions of English' law which were necessary to the elucidation of her case FiiRiWG .-If you do not wish to fall in love , don t commence flirting . This courting fnv fi , n ia

      like boxing for fun . You put on the gloves in perfect good-humour , with the most friendly intention of exchanging a few amicable blows > you find your-« elf insensibly warm with the enthusiasm of the con flict , unti some unluck y " punch" decides the mattev , and the whole affair ends in a downright fight . Punishment . — Passing some north country villages , a person , for amusement , inquired of the country children , "When you > are naughty ; what does the master do to you V The following different , answers were received at different places : — t | mills usi ; he crumps us ; he raps us at the top o th heeud ; he bastes us ; ho mumps us ; he fettles us ; he winds us . ' Poor lads ! to be mumped and bumped , and thumped , , and crumped , and niihed , and rapped , and fettled ! , .

      _ AMARRIAQE ¦ NBATlY ACCOMPLISHED . —Lizst the pianist , had taken a fancy to a jeweller ' s diiu- 'hter and thus is the courtshi p described :-One morninc the jeweller coming to the point with German frankness , Said to Lizst , "How do you like my daughter ?" - 'She is an ange \ . " "What do you think of marriage ?" - " I think so well of it , that I have the greatest possible inclination to try it . " 'What would you say to a fortune of three millions of francs ? — "I would willingly a « ept it . " "Well , we understand each other . My daughter pleases you ; you pleasemy daughter ; her fortune is readv -he my son-in-law . "—'' With all my heart . " The marriage was celebrated tho following week . And this , according to the chronicles of Prague , is a true account of the marriage of the great pianist Liast . - . :.. ..:

      A I ' RopHEcr for Seagoing People . —Tint ( April ) gives the following paraphrase from the Greek Anthology , ii . 352 : — . A merchant , going out , tosea , • - ' Fearful ; as he well might He ,, ¦ Lest some evil should bettder' - : 'l ' o a leavned seer applied ; , Wh ^> thus , all doubt to dissipate , ., Spoke the fis'd decrees of . Fate : — If you a stout-built ship provide , Well ri ? g'd and sound , stem , stern , and side ¦ With every necessary filld ;'; " ~ x > :, . V If , then , your | . ilot be well skill'd , , , And seas are calm and winds are fair I , by prophetic art , declare , ' Safe you may sail where ' er it Please you ; - UnUas some pirate chance to siczc yoG I

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      Death op ihb Eabl of BASTftT .-. The Earl of Biimry d . erl at Glen . ' .-inff Lodge , County OorK ruiny ni ^ ht the 2 nd inst . The noblo E ° rl w « i innl ' - ""^ of Aui ! ust ' ~ *> ™* »»• co 3-Ss Vii , '" 84 tl 1 - VCftr ' The deceased nobleman ¦ landlnr I tame * a firi 11 Conservative . As a resident ' eri Krt J ? !* olcetl < HistltlM and honours fon-imeneniTwh ff i S mcn : icc ( 1 invasion ofa ' Bay Sf th , X-1790 French »«« t entered Bantry . from Ex-nor to Jfcwe « t Ah ? £ ^ fechy nSS " was run down bv ; i foroicil hvia < sL « , ? ? - 3 ad diatel ,, . „ ., ... fc , „ twlSlySom of S X crew ha * just rime to push off one oFtKtsSd . rovT a few clothe into it previous to leavv « g the ill-fatod schooner . The crow were picked un hv

      Hie ling James , of Bermuda , and were landed at Hustings on Monday . Tho Fife was engaged in tha coal trade . . A Polish soldier , aged 127 , who was received last yuiw into the Hotel des Invalides , died last week in ttw infirmary of ihutesbablishmenfcfromaa attack of grippe . —fo % « a ) i }(

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      PUBWCATIONS RECEIVED . The Girlhood of Shakespeare ' s Heroines . Tale VI Isabella , the Votariei . By Mart Cowden Clarke Smith and Son , Strand . Poms and Notes to the PtopU . By Ernest Jones : Ao . I . Pavey , London .

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      cW like Mat 10 , 1851 . __ THE NORTHERN STAR l ^ . s

      Ecwareoften Stilling Quacks Who Imitate This Advertisement.

      EcwareofTen Stilling Quacks who imitate this Advertisement .

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), May 10, 1851, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1625/page/3/