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Northern Star (1837-1852), 3rd May 1851, Edition 1 of 2, Page 7, Untitled Article

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    • Kmuetial parliament Kmiit>ftfllWf.vT.t.t««^*
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      Untitled Article

      HOHROrs Rof , EMIGREr SHIPS . . - •; thf £ f % - * fter ^ feay .. l > eeq laid before motinn nf M ° ^ omm ^ f « compliance with " a dnSRS ? he mo " ^ oWng and disgusting enduredby the passengers on boardoneof the emilrant 3 A «' " ^ tietneen thepQtU o ( LW « - pnnl ana New York . ' . ' ¦ •" ^ . e return cobsists ' chiefly of : a / journal kept by Mr . Vere Foster daring his voyage outwards from Lirerpool to New , York on board the emigrant ship Washington m November last . The writer , who is a young mau of family and fortune , appears to hav ' s formed the' self-denying resolution to go but as a _ _ HOHd 8 s : ^ EMIRR ^ SttIps . ... A MbiM j . ' ! .. . „ : " T " ' ; ¦ ' .: ..

      steerage passenger in one of the ordinary vessels by which persons of thei humbler classes are conveyed W America , for the purpose of ascertaining for himself the mode of their , treatment and . the nature of the wants which others in ; like circumstances must be prepared to provide for or to endure . Mr . Fosv tetstates incidentally the . fact that he had previously assisted many indWiduals to emigrate in' the usual way . ; His sympathies -doubtless'became en ^ listed in tbeir privations . and adventures ; and probably with a view to understand more perfectly what others of . like condition might require as outfit , and what means of precaution" it would he

      necessary to take against ill-usage or neglect , be determined to make a winter voyage across the Atlantic . ; 1 • - : ¦ ;¦ : ¦ The Washington ; A . Page , master ; is ' described « .. » one wssel of 1 , 600 t 6 ns register , fitted but specially lor carrying the greatest ' number of persons who can be induced , to pay a moderate charge tor transport across the ocean . She contains two decks sufficiently capacious -and well ventilated to accommodate a large number of passengers . That nine hundred tinman beings ; ' however ' { besides ' the crew ) , ought not to' have b ' eeri suffered ' to ' em bari together on such avoyageifiLttie ship mquestion is obriousfrbm , the fact that ; when ^ huddled below

      they fqund . th ' emselves pbliged . to sleep five . andeveD six together in each berth . The scene at . embarka tion must , have given the narrator a foretaste of what awaited him and his comrades . Itmight serve for a description olflie liumed deportation of a human rargo from one of the African bWrkcpons •' There was , no / regularity " oj decency observed . Men and women were , pulled in , any aide , or end foremost , like so many bundles . I was getting myself in as quickly anf dexterously as . I could , when I waa kid hold of by the legs and pulled in , falling down headforemost on the deck , and the ^ ext man was pulled down upon the top of me .- There are nopoUce regulatinn 8 ; the officers ^ the shi n take

      me ieau in tne iii-. treatmeut of the passengers .. . At the last moment ; with passage tickets paid for , hearts sinking r wuhin the ' bravest breast , women weeping , ana children stricken wiib ; terror ' a ' nd aisi may , whatjiaorWwpiiia ; dare ' to expostulate ? ' yr . » , » j pM !? i . who would heed or jbarken tohjs ' remonstrances ? TSTetalk moch : of ; our Christian' cU whsaiipn ; but our aote-social . system is one that bids multitudes yearly begone from amongst us for no fauU of their own ; and we have not the Iiumanitv or-decency to ensure to the " exiles . the semblance of a secure leavetaking . br their protection during their voyage from iH-treatmehrtKe most Canton and most - ¦ !

      cruel . . ; -. . ; " . " "; ' , ' ; ; ; . ; . " : . -. ; : By theterms of ; tie ' contract ¦ madebetween ih ' e shipping agents at Liverpool ana < the : emigrants , a certain quantity of provisions wasagreed to be given out weekly to each individual . : These terms , however , were in hardly any one respect observed . ilh ' many instances , riotmore ' ithairWfffie' quantity of «? l ^^ l ^ ^^^ outf topf amished mui : ' tltude which had been bargainedan ' dpa id " for . " ktti even the supply . of water , although' no' allegation of deficiency on board seems , to have Been made , was so irregular as to wring from some of the more courageeos reiterated . remon strances . : Btit ^ uch' » # subordination was speedilyand summariiy ^ tted ; lmprecafions , menaces ; and blows seein t ' olave . been dealt out with - no spring batia by fmof the shin ' s

      mates , , accompanied by terms of . blasphemy and " coarseness not . tb be repeated in oor columns Oa . thefiUh . day after leaving Liverpoola respect ful inquiry : was addressed in writing ' to thexaptain by Mr . Foster and ten other passengers , ' as : to when the allowance of necessaries wbuia ; 'be given out fe those on board . ; In the postscript ; there are these words ; :- ' . ' . ' . " ... V ' . ' . " , " . ' ... . '" '" " ¦ " ¦ •" yjiiie wriiioVthe former " part of . this Vetterat the wfi "J ^ Uo / 'P ^ sengers , thefirstmate , Mr . S ^ W . ?!^^^^

      And the writer adds id his diary- '! tbaVbe had offered ^ . ' sortof ' provocation whoever foir " ibis outrage , except , the sHmt ' - r ^ ropf ^ the occapation in which be wasatj the . moment engaged ' , ' , wight ^ yft . , ™ ° !«? *» , A ? : p «« on thus assailing . him . On hearing : the ; first , few sentences of ! the letter : the captain broke forth into a volley of intemperate and abusive expressions , designated the' complainant as " apirate" and " arascal ; " and threatened to > t him in irons if he troubled ' him , further in Such matters r :--fi : - ' ' ' ¦ ¦¦ ¦> : ' <¦ •*¦• -.. v . *\ ^ - The , ^ tails ' ; of privation , filth , -mi olseafie ^ on . such a voyage , in a sbip ' so officered , and with such a cargo of . victims , may , be too readily conceived . FeveVjdoes . not seem to : have visited them ; but from dysentery several perished . Their bodies were filing into thevdeep without religipus ' ceremony of any kind ; ana the . ^ survivors werei giyeftdlundersland that for whafprer rni " . HipTrip Iliov r ^ : ^ i , V « V « ' ..: Ji' ii . _

      must pay a eertam . - privAle consideration ; to the sun geon , although ; this ajsowas specificaffy enumerated . amongst tbejtems paidfor at starting in the passaKe money . , •; ,-,. ' ¦ :. ; ' '• ¦ ¦ -,, ; ~ - : On arriving at New York Mr . Foster was dissuaded" ftom- instituting legal prb ' ceedihgragBius the propr ietors of the Washington ; or the officers " of the vessel , on account of . the time ,. ' and Expense which he rausthave necessarily de ^ o 'fed . ta ' a ^ cutiouofdbubiful issue . His ai p \ vrould ' seem to have morepverbeen rather ( o warn others than to resent the wrongs he bad personally endured .: Hence the

      transmission , of his , journal to his relative , Lord Holrart , for the purpose of beihg brought under the consideration ' of the ' aBthoriiies at " Home : ; It is disgracefuloh the part of the government ' tharso httleattentieh . basas . yet ; ^ enTpaid ^ tb the . ^ ubiebt . ' fhe return was' moved for on tj £ e . l ' 9 tK ' of FeWuary , ' ana was nqt : ; ordered to be printed untifthe 9 th of April . , How many years of . ; unnoted ! suffering and injustice will be requiredat this rate to stimulate government into , sense or theic responsibility'to thevoluntary exiUs whose parting recbllection it fe our . n ! t 1 (> ^ lnter f lan d ' . duty tarender , if possible , one Of love , notof loathing ! " - «¦ ' - ¦ ¦ ¦ ' •" ' ¦ • "• ; - -- ¦• ¦ . - ¦¦• . ¦ ¦ i : - --P : ¦ , v . . . -. u r'j ;'! -.- ' ¦ ' ¦ ¦ ( i ^ " —— . ' ¦ ¦¦

      Untitled Article

      WAluTl NG ^ fb ^ rN'ffiNDING EMIG ^ AjrT ^ TO AUSTRALIA . We t ^ e the following article ( the firBfc of a series ) from the Pe ople ' s Advocate , Jamiary a , 1851 , published at Sydney , New South "Wales . The paper ia conducted with great ability and liberality of principle , and its statements on the important subject to which it refers are obviously far more veracious and worthy of attention from intended emigraWs than the overcoloured and mendacious des ' criptions of emigration : crimps in this country :-- ; . ^^ t 1 ° toSS 1 - ' . ' .:.: ! . " J-l . ¦" .- ¦ . •' .

      Thequestion of emigration and colonizationi 3 one of the very fest importance , not onlv to Go-ar Britain but to all her numerous colSnd depen dencies ; so important , indeed , that at the vSSi KfMSrtWJBfrai SESS ^^ Aastw dweUmg ofthe tradesman , and . the cottase of the Y T fCa ma » has his plaa , ^ writer feebcallea upon to express his opinions ? fie wehaveemigration schemes inenfflSvirSS Sfnffnl ' — PWosopher , to the wild speculabous anoV ravmgg ^ of the ephemeral and drivelling vmtera of yesterday , We have in fall operation 2 £ W ™ ' ^ . eara » P « rfe ' ssiug to be founded upon poUtical . religious , and philanthropicalprinciples ; asd others confessedly arisine ontof the sPlfisw « a

      of the nchj aided by their jealousy and fear ofthe poor . • - ¦ ¦ . : It ia not a little remarkable that though the founders and supporters of all these different Bcnemes for transporting the poor and the indus trious from their native land , profess to have'the interests of the poor at heart land never fail to proclaim tbat-they are actuated only by a desire to improve . thejcondition of-the working classes whom they can persuade to emigrate , their exertions : for tte same laudable object in . behalf of those who , stay at home are very-limited . indeed . All their schemes seein to bare but-one object in . view , to get rid of wh > t they are pleased to call" the surplus population" of the mother country .. at all hazards . , Judging from actual facts , it is pretty clear that so long as large numbers of the labouring Donulation

      of Great Britain and " . Irelaud . ; caB'be induced to leave their native countries , the promoters of the plans . for sending them away care very little what becomes of them so they can only get rid of them ; "We find tha ^ t all sympathy for the emigrants en'ds with tbeir embarkation ; it does not follow them in the most remote degree to Ihe new lands for which they are embarking / andin which their , Ma ture home isto bemade ; jonce on . board ship -they- are " done with , they are turned adrift ' and forgotten . . In this colony , for'instance , what provision is made- for the imigraDt . / wlien he arrives , lured as he has been from the home of his childhood and the friendsot his youth by themostglowin ^ descriptionsand the most unfoandedrepresentations . , . '¦¦' . . .. ' ....,-.

      When the imigrantarrives here . there is absolutely nothing before him but a dreary and a cheerless proBpect . ; The ship on its arrival in the harbou . r is literally tabooed ; 'the imigraut can have no possible intercourse . with . the . people , for none are allowed on board except those . who want "tolive /' , in many eases imigranta ana their families are hurried into the distant interior , to wild and uncultivated regions , without being allowed so much as to set their feet on shore in the metropolis . Once in the

      country , they are compelled to enter into the service of the first person who wishes to engage them , because they haye neither the rneans of returain" to Sydney , or ^ of obtaining a subsistence . ^^ This ^ " no doubt , . aecst-rate plan for reducing wages ; but we ask , is it just , is it fair , is it honourable towards the imigrantsthemsel yes ! . Does jt not fully bear out our previous " remark , that all synipathy for the emigrant ends with his shipment at home , and in no instance does it follow him to his new and distant home ?

      On previous occasions we have denounced the inducements held out to the working classes of the mother conntry , ; to emigrate to these colonies as heartless and wicked , and we have seen no reason to change our opinion . Writers and speakers inthi 3 colony and at borne may write and talk of . the advantages which Australia possesses as a ; field for emigration ; . . but under the present state of things such , " advantages' ! are merely ideal ' We assert most fearlessly that , with our present land system ^ and under the existing regime , Australia possesses » io advantages for the emigrant ; nor can it do so . until

      the system has been jadieallr altered or the colonies composiogthe Australian group Lave become independent and sovereign states . ¦ - ¦ = ' ¦¦ Let us take first the- emigrant . agricultural . la"faoHrer . What advantage will , he gain by emigrating to ' .-this . ' colony ? ... His services are not very greatly in demand , because New South Wales is not yet , whasever'i tmay be hereafter , an agricultural country ; and if he gets employment , the wages he receives-are scarcely more than adequate , for the maintenance of himself and . ) as family . Indeed , iif he has a family it is doubtful whether he -will g « t emplovment at all . ¦ ¦ - .. ¦•'¦ ¦• ' " ¦ ¦

      Let us . look ; at the mechanic or . the artisan .: —What encouragement is there for him ? Absolutely none ; he is even in a worse condition than the agricultural labourer , because the latter having been used to field employments and a eountry lifej -can turn himself to something ; but the , former . having been educated fora town life , arid his subsistence depending upon . atown population , is utterly . at alosswhat to do .. Sydney , the only town of any eonsequence in this colony , is already overstocked with mechanics and artisans of every description ; and we know of some at the present moment working at their own trade in this city for a pomid a week , whose . wages in the city of London , previous to their emigration , were for the same work tairiy . shiljings a week . -Men thus circnm 5 taiVeed have consequently ' most ' -setiously injured themselves aud their families by-emi-. grating to Australia , and so ,, except under very peculiar circumstances , will any mechanic : who for years to come mav airive on these 3 hores . •

      Then as to men of small capital possessing from £ S 00 to £ 1 . , * bat can they do in this co ' -ohv ? Nothiug , —but starve . If they have been used " to trade , in Sydney tUere » no opening for them , the ground 13 already occupied . If they intend to go into agricultural pursuits , there is no land for them to sit down upon , anywhere within a reasonable distance of a market for their produce ; and if they go where laud n « i ?/ be obtained , it is a positive fact that it will cost more to bring the produce to mirket ^ thin it will ; realise when it has reached its destination . The want of navigable rivers and the absence of roads will for . many years to come prevent agricultural operations iron being not barely remunerative , bnt actuallv sufficient for- the

      sustentation of those -who engage in them .- Sbonld the newly-arr ived emigrant be desirous of entering into grazing speculations , his thousand pounds will do little more than enable - him to . buy a fewflocks of sheep , or herds of cattle , which the next summer , from drought or some other peculiarity-of climate , may sweep away and leave him a penniless and ruined man . ' " , ;' .,. ' So long as the system under which the Australian colonies ,, particularl y New South Wales , 13 ; now

      governed , continues in operation , so l « og will they be the . very worst field for the enterprise of British emigrants ; but if these restrictions were removed i if "we were allowed to manage our own- afiaita independent of the control of . Downing-atreetj a finer field for emigration than , the Anstralfan ? roup presents would not be found-in the whole ofthe British dominions . Uutil that Jay arrives , we would warn all intending emigrants , whether they be men of small capital , mechanics , or labourers , to shun these shores .

      Untitled Article

      "RwEiL op ijj e Taxes os KKowtracB : —The BuTnbijrbam Association for Promoting the Repeal w the Taxes on K » ow 5 edge haTeprepareda memorial to the Chancellor of the Exchequer which has alread y received upwards of 6 , 000 signatures , ini eluding the mayor ,- members of parliament , high and low bailiff * , and many of the clergy and members of the town . council .. . When completed ; it is expected to-have-fifteen thousand genuine signatures , ana will be 700 feet long . ' - " ; .-- > . ; Loss or Two larks' at Liveepool—On . Saturuay nijrut , about ten o ' clock , a woinan" apparently aitout twenty-seven years of » se , and very respectabl

      y dressed , committed suicide'by * throwing her ? self "Uito the river from the great landing stage ; tue tide at the time was ruiiuing out very , strong , and although every exertion was made to save lier ^ sue was carried away , and her body has not been u ? C 0 Tere ' * - The ' police had noticed the woman talking up and down the tfage for some time , and site took the opportunity to -commit the act when wre was no boat at the stage . A fatal accident wcorred . at almost the same spot about-half an nonr afterwards byihe Bock Ferry steamer running ^ n . a lugger bo ^ tbelonging to Tranmere ; jn whi ch were two men , one of whom , named John Williams we master , was drowned . . .. . . . i

      ¦ Episcopal CossisTEscr . —Amongst the bishops * m recentl y signed tue address to ' their clergy against changes in the manner of performing divine 1 ^ ? the Ksb ° P ° / Rochester . "Notwithstanding this recommendation to ^ tbp clergy of the - eeie Ol fiocbester , BUhop -: Murray has since «« ue d an order to the Dean and Chapter of "Chester . C athedral directing them ( against their own wishe s and determination ) to intone those m « ° fte serv ' whichhad ^ rten prevHW : ly " reM that Cathedral cbni eh : and . bv wav . of piviae

      greater importance to t&ls . - ' vishorial- order and cnaijge , the bUbop not only attended divine service o « tbe Sunday ( April 20 , ) on which the intonation wmmeuced , but , for the first time doriug his epi&j Co , preached twice onaSuatlayin his cathedrali

      Untitled Article

      Tp o ?? n ^ ASSOCIATION TOR THE PROSECTION ; OF , INDUSTRY : AND . CAPITiAL . . On Tuesday , the" second . anniveraarr : meetiBg " of thw association . was ^ h eld in Drury . Lane Theatre , wbich was crowded to excess in every . corner long before the Wur named for the commencement " of the proceedings ( twelve o ' clock ) . Precisely at that time . the Duke of Richmond took the chair , and was lustily cheered . Ills grace was supported on the platform by the Earl of Cardigan , Viscount C' \ mliermere , Earl qf ' Glengall and party , Lord Berners , Viscount Strangford , -the Eari of Erne , the Earl of Lisburne , LordSondes , Earl Talbot , . Viscount Ingestre , Eirl Cadogan , Earl of Sheffield , Earl of Malmeshury , ; Lord De Lisle , . Lord Ranelagli , Eail of Stradbroke , Lord Horthwick ; Lord . Ikjtings , Mr . R Spooner , M . P ., Colonel Sibthorp , M . P ., Lord John Manners , M . P ., the Marquis of Gi-anby ; M . P .,. Sir John Tyrell , M . P ., Mr . Kewdeg » t « , M . P ., Mr . ' PrcshBeld . r M . P ., ' Mr ; A" . Duncombe , M . P ., and a great number of other members of Parliament . .-,, ...-,.. .. , ; .. nTTrTrnRiiiLrrLj ? E

      The Chairman having acknowledged the eomphmentavy manner in which he had'been received" by that assembly , of representatives ofthe agricultural interests in every part of this great empire , said it would be useless for him to profess his attachment to the great cause of protection ; because his feelings respecting free trade . were known throughout the . length- and ; breadth , of this , their f « therland . While ho . should deprecate anything ' like a war between clasaeB , he would . tell them that the tenant fanners of England ^ with their hardy labourers at their backs , would care ntoi for a con i test with a hundred-thousand cotton-spinners . ( Tremendous cheering ;) Ho did ¦ not believe' that such men could intimidate ; the agriculturists , ' because the respectable operatives eiven in the

      manufacturing districts-agreed more with the Protec t ionists than with .- ' the Free Traders . ( Cheers . ) Tnerhad found out thefallaoyofHhe : " cheap loaf ... ( Cheers . ) , Theyhad-discovere d that What » va 3 to . maKbthemhappy , pro 8 perousiandcontent ' ed was fair-wages ,- andalwaysto be ^ mployed . ( Loud cheers . ) •; The noble duke then called . upon- ' ' ~" ' The Earl of Winchhska and ¦ Nomwoham , who , on ; * rmng ,. to . move-the . ^ &st-resolu ' tion ; -said he should have shrunfcfrom coming forward were it not for a dreamiest he ' should b < v suspected of lukewarmness towards , the great-principles of politic ' just , and equitable protection ; ( Cheers /) 1 ' - 'He finnly-believed that it was upon-those-prinoiples alone ^ or . upon their abandonment , depended tho earthly prosperity of . the country ; or its total de-¦ ¦

      struction . * ( Cheers . ) .. The resolutien he bad to propose was'to the effect— "That the long-continued and BUUvuoreasmg distress of the agricultural interest ; the unmitigated difficulties' of 'the colonial I ™?*!! " 1 ^ . ? P ^ P 83 ion of the shipping interest ; the diminished an * continually declinino-Wb : fits of trade , and of " everybranch of industrial ' pur : suit ; the reduction ofthe wages oMaboiir ? arid the ' diminution ; of employment'in many * Paris of the Si !^^ f *^^ ' * :- ? f ^^ ci ^ ''au 4 't& desertion of hqm& and country 'by continually ' auementing bodies of the mostindustribtis aridvaluable portions of tba ; British population ; present indisputable evidence that' -derangements " exist in' the social system ; of the'fcountry ; which are sapping the ; foundations of its-prosperity , and ,- if not speedily-remediedi'mnat ; end itf ' ¦ wide-SDreiitl rii « aster

      , ai 3 content ; and ' ru » n ' . '' ''The resolution spoke for itself in such clear and -distinct ¦ terms " that no man ; could fail td " understand it ; If gave' ' the lie direct to theftieuii ? of free ti ^ oe ,- who had tau ' ute'd the agriculturists with being an'insulated interest ' ( toud ' cheers . ) If he were < not persuaded'ttiit ' other interests ¦ were"dependeiit ' upon ttiat %£ thV land , he would n , ' ever have supponeu' DroteDfinn ( Cheers . ) : He stbod . tHere to ^ Are ^ inCSof that meeting ; and in the '' £ ce ; Sf the country : that they ^ would never ceasfe from' their demands until they had . obtamea tfem-- (! eqa cheers , which lasted some minutes ) -hamely ; , - protection'' to the British plough , protectionto the'BHtish loom , ' and " protection to the British " soil , f ( Renewed-cheeri ') They wouldnotall o * foreign ' pro ' ducfioiiato ' bfe ' nmA ^

      into our markets unless those pVoductioiis paid such ^ "t y as should place , them ott an e ^ ual , footing with our 6 wn . " ( Cheere . ) ¦ If they did hot insist on that ,-he * was prepared to maintain that ' they woiild give the foreigner a virtual ' monopoly of the markets of this ' country .- ' ( Lbiid cheers . ) ' A dissolution could ' not be far off , and > e calle < r UpOh ^' e ' ry man who had any electoral franchise ' to 1 exercise it fa 1 a constitutionaVmanner , ' - nndfto return ' only those -i !?« w nW M }! , T ^ n , ! . heir" P ™« Pfes . " ( Loud cries of Wwill ; " ) . The increase of crime proved that free trade was working the ruin pf the country By depriving many irt' th > ' hgricultural districts of employment , they ; had driven them in ' tolciime from actual want ; they were now' ' suffering' punishment for their crime-ia punishment ' . wKich ^ he . thought ? " ! J * - . Jay ? faUon 1 on those who hdd ' placed tfiem mthissituation .- ( Chders : ) ' ' ' . ¦* - ' ¦¦ ¦¦¦ ¦ " l

      , J » lri BDTT , O C .,, ; wh 6 was greeted with , loud cheers , said- ^ Ireland' had suffered more tlia ' - any . other part of the'Briti . sh' domiriipha by free trade ' and the people of Englahd might regard ; what was passing m Ireland as tlie prbgi anirrie of . what would most Assuredly lefal England unless they reversed . theivpohcy . Therecouldnofibe a'bett ' ev test of the state of the population ! than the progress' of crime Now . m 1846 , ' the first , year of free trade , ' the number of convictions in Ireland wefe' 8 , 639 '; in'i 847 thev wefe ' -15 , 233 .. ' . ' That" * jas ^ bV . ' first year of th ' e famine ; and . they inight attribute " the increase to that ; but in 1848 ' they ' ampunted to 18 , 206 , and ' in 1849 to 21 , 202 ; " ' and the cases bf transportation had increased in the f 6 nowiug ' ratio ' :--. Ini 8 i 5 ' tbBv JS >> . 18 iO . G 87 ;; i ^ l 84 T ,, 2 , 202 ; Jh iffi 2 , 733 ; land- in 1849 ; 3 , 073 . "ne himself in Iriib courts'bf justice had . ' seeri judges' refuse to pass sentence 01

      me transportation upon convicted felons , because they said they had committed the - i ? * - ? ° « fa 0 P . e of liei PS sent t 0 a Penal- ' colonv , . S- ¥ ? T'p ^ : ^ i - «« . > n . f » n ( Wefwauoj-ff «' the lowest difefe that coutd ^ susiain existence the gaol diet ; 'because "H v , - was proved 'I to ^^ them that enme" was cotaraitted 'bypriBo-ners to get to ; the gaol ; in ' order to ' escape from the intolerable-nuisances' that ' free trade had brought on ' * % " »•' . . Hejfras notable to give ' tilBui tHo ' state of prime m England . ; ft had not ' increased in the same vahoas in Ireland , but ithadincreased and it had mcreasedbecausfe industry had not received its due reward . 'Some people told them . thai lahd

      naanot gone out of cultivation in England ; ' In 184 b there were a million of acres devoted to wheat In 1849 Mention was called to' that circuinstarice and the returns stated there had'been an increase but still norto the extent pf Mo-thirds of what , it was m 1846 rbut he knew that in one favourable localitym thesquth of Irelaiia ; the buTtivation of wheat had'fallen ; b ^ in two" years oiifi-half ' The land had nofc ' gorie out of cultivation iii England yet becanse . the English , tenant , fiirme ' rs had cupital ' ?>^ } f | T lsl J ? J « h ^ . . not ¦ , but , " as . ' soon as ' that capital was exhausted / the same misery would fa uponthe . farmeysofEnglartdthat'had already fallen ¦ upon -theirbrethronm Ireland . ' ! TH « nhi ^ t

      or the'tree Traders was the' extermihafion " of the tenant farmers of Bnglan ; d ' . '; It was not a- landlord ' s question . " "The tenant 'farmers of England stood between the landlords and '' ruinl Huin could riot reach the landlords till the tenant farmers ' arid the agricultural' labourers > ere' both destroyed . " Ko less than -230 , 000 ; of small farmers had left Ireland If was much easier , to destroy a ' iriah with' thirty acres than a ' roan with ' 500 ,. > t the ' process that had rained . these 230 . 0 Q 0 w 6 uld : ln a" veryBhort tinitv , if Free Trailo" were npt ; reyerWd , ' reach the . farnie ' rs of En gland too . Tho learned gentleman tlie ' n £ efei-redtb the Hubjaot of emigration ; ' stating that in ¦ 1 M 5 only 70 , 000 persons' emigrated ' from the . United Kingdoih , but in 1840 tbe emigrants am ' buni ted to 299 , 498 , who bad' befen driveh . out riot by hopebut bdespair ' The " national

      , y . debt was a charge on every acre of land in the cbuntr / : arid if they Iowered ; price 3 what they did Was . iii point ot fact to Rive' him a larger ' nio ' rtgage . " ( Hear , near . ) -InIrelandthey ; werein the habit of coraplamirig of absenteeism , but'free trade had doubled that . absenteeism , - bbcause' where' one" quarter would formerly suffice to pay . the' laridlbrd ; tVey had now to export Wo for that " purpose ' . ' ( Hear ; hear . ) - But how . had' the " prophecies of the free traders been fulfilled ! * They said it would be utterly impossible that' ¦ France could ' ever bean exporting kingdom , whereas they had sent in the last year 500 , 000 quarters of wheat ; arid two nnlliqn cwts . bf ground flour . ' ' ( Cheer 3 . ) . Then ; " with regard to bther ' nationsi"following ' ? the example ' of

      Great Britain ;' ¦ the' Zollveiein and" the United States still maintained exclusiyd"diitie 9 . ' A little while since some preserved meats " , winch had ' been sent to ' -California . fromi Australia , " had been charged forty per centlVariu when' an appeal " hatf . been made' at Washington ; the '' answ er , of the government was , tha ' t'they cpultf not . interfere with , any particular tariff .: " •' ¦ ( Hear . )"' ¦ ' '' ; . / v The CHATBJiiN'herc announced that a' number of gentlemen wh 6 ' could riot obtain lateissiori h& 2 ' adjourned' to St . ' Mar tib ' s-hall , Long-acre " , ; arid he therefore ' deputed \ Lord Stanhope , Sir . 6 . F . Young , and MrlBall . 'tbcoriductlt ; " ' ¦ ., ¦ ' .. " . ; , ' MK-Biut ,-before leaving , begged to . su ggest . that when the Exhibition in Hyde-park shbula be . over ,

      tney should ask the Queen and' Prince Alber . fc to grantthe loan of ii for ' one day' ^ in ordetth ^ t'thpy might-fill it with a stjll riobkr demonstratiori than the present ; ' ( Cheers . ) ' i ; ' ' . ' . "'"' . ' } Ar . Bun resuming , alluded to the threats of a revolution which ha di ' been' thrown' out in .. case an attempt should be made to' recur to protectlbri . If the Free , Traders should 'dare , to . put their threats into execution ; . thfey-would giT © them such a jderjion- ' strationaathe ' wprldhadnevers ^ eri . 'Bdtthe wliole thing was ludicrous in the exti-eme . ' The arist ' ocracy , gentry ; jrebmanry ; and artisapsof iliecouritry were ; " tnrea ' tened- ~ by ' a ' mem ' bef' of the " peace society , and by a . Verfdistiri ' gu ' ish ' e ' d member bf that mostrespectablebrit not ' particularly warlike'body the Quakers : ( laughter . ) ' Aud these " wwellie

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      p ! lST r fi 0 ^ - Asd Sib ' JiBrookb's ExPEDmo 5-. By 3 parliamentary return just issned , we find that the gross amount s head-money granted for the destruction and capture of the Sakarran pirates , on the coast of Borneo , by Sir James Brooke ' s expedition , 'on theTfi"htorth » 31 st of July ; 1849 ; was £ 2 O ; 700 ^ . j ) amely , at the rale of £ 20 per bead ori 500 persons captured or destroyed in piratioal prahusi £ 10 , 000 ; and atthe rate of £ 5 per head on 2 , 140 persons who were alive at the beginniDg of the attack thereof , but who were riot taken or killed / lfl . YOO ; abating for law charges , agency ; percentage in aid of Greenwich out pensions , and incidental expensed , £ 2 , 117 14 s . 9 d . ; the net amount ftr distribution is £ 18 , 582 Si . 3 d . It is added that" the above return is made as nearly as possible in conformity with the terms and presumed object of the precept ; but it is to be observed that in the decree under the seal of the Admiralty Court

      at Singapore , the persons for whom the bounty is granted ; according to theact of the 6 th GebrgelY . i ci 49 , are iiot described as " natives of Borneo , " but-aa piractical persons forming thfe crews of eightyreight piractical prahus . " Itis the "Free Trader , -Mr .- n ^ me , who describes these wellknown pi rates and scourgers of the coastsof Borneo » «« natives . " The number of pBrsorisfor whSni this head-money has been paid is ' 2 , 040 : tlie ' force en £ ged ws 246 under Captain FaVquhar / bf her ? SSP ^ - ^ P Albatross ; her Majesty ' s ^ brig Royalist ; Lieut . Commander Everest and the 3 fa l ^ ° ra rr ^' ^ ^ » 9 . « dNo / S the -stiare _ of bis second in command is only £ 735 = this distribution being made' according' tFthe ' old inequitable scale .- The warrant" bfflcera get ' £ 165 ^ Vk * £ "" T ^ 'P ^ : second-class bOy £ £ 13-153 . 8 d . each . —MomwtfHtra'ld ' ' ' ' ''

      G ? , . m " »« cora 8 r .-Capt . Guesdon , commanding the French whaler the Salamandre iu » t arrived at Havre , gives an account of the discovery of a cluster ofislands which is not marked on anv of the charts . They lie in 172 deg . 5 C . min . - west longitude ofthe meridian of Paris , and 9 deg 38 min . south latitude . They are from twenty-five , to thirty "in number , three of them of some extent and all covered with cocoa-nut trees . On the same day he . discovered the He Clarence . : ¦ v . FaXAI .. ACCIDEKT 10 THE . HoS . ; 6 . EflERTOS .- — MrT £ < jerton was a : midshipman on bo .-rd her Ma | e $ ty's ship . Meander , 44 , Captain the lion . II . E ^ eppol .- The frigate was at California , receiving treaJsuVe . for conveyance , to England . > Mr . Egerton arid a * partyof officers went on . a shooting excursion ; I w ' uea llr . Ejjerton ' s guu burst and killed him on the spot . He was in his seventeenth year . - ¦ ¦ "

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      Lat tS ° Were threatenifl ' = [ them with a servile war . therl t t 0 d 0 * fc » fttiby dared . ( Cheers ) But Had ^ ? d ^^^ a ^ bsurdityjnithe . matter . i He he m ^ t i was . an operative ' s question :: and the ^ ount r -, t 80 ! 0 D 8 a » thcrft * asamariin bread n S ^ lliln # to wo ^ . ' .-and yet unable to get S ' ttKw ^ ° gK raM » fecturers . ( Hear . ) One fromfivpin ^ axon work nian » toiling , diligently amp , for six d ° - i tiU dusk ' and often ^ ^ wife coulrf n . y 3 in the week > and ^ sistetl by his ™ ' . l ' 5 ' yearn 2 s . Cd . a week ; and the con-Svm Sfw ? v . at the ? ^ erbdriving the m « world ( fw ° , tm ^ m 0 Ut ofcvery mai ' t » " the ¦ the ™ £ S \ m ? 'h Ifc Wils ™ t ™ t . ti ™ > that Doint-anVK ! and ; niU 8 t come- 'down Wrth ' at . ? 0 ? nl' ^ . _? cetl > ey -would see that it was better tor each » Aimt r' "" aKV uiax ' " "eicer t ^ . wl 10 Wer ^ threateniii ? them with a servile war .

      - Sorid wid « * to . P rotecfc « t » own ; because in a ^ any coUn t ^ . ! PetlUOn L fc ^ loffest w « iges received f PheSi ^ SS 7 b Oa ? e the ' measure for ftll the rest ; KJI H ^ then of self-protertion - . wW aside S ?^ P ? htlcs ! ' and it could not bo' set Sb ift ^ P ^ y ^ CheersOaie confes sedthere vet h'Kii T e ! them anxious foreboding .., and sStSnuS ^ ^ t ^ ^ wwMin-EngUna a fffiiH nl " i H Preserving , it from deciy . Sin ? VJ \ cwS ( 1 not look on thataarfc she wKf ff 1 tha * . Eng ^ nd was doomed ; but if otS ^ i ; " ffl ?^ be owin 2 to hM reversing her of that . P ? y- ( Cheei > 8 . ) - Ho had seen symptoms » ,, m , n ' e « or ^ as seldom long-iived- » -4 i »!' o-WhiS n day they htl < 1 wifwled tbeif banner neathifT V ? r - be again taken down until beaTusl ™ T \ - ? nti 8 h artiKatl 6 Ii i ° y ed a fu » . -t ^; tinued cheer iSP 1 ' ° teOtiOD- ( Loud aad lon 8 W

      ArZ ^ > ?™> Selby > Yorkshire ; next adqressea the meeting . '• ,. ¦• ¦ '¦ ., ¦ , '• .. ! .-. ; mou 9 ?/ . eSOlUtiO T ^ tbeD Pt > and carried unaniw& . % . ^ M P 0 P 08 e'l the second resolution ' , ' Ul ^ buted the "" a under which it alleged so roanyof .: the great interests ofthe state are now intensely . suffering ,, to-the : admission of the produce ot ,. foreign , nations : iinto : unrestricted competition « n 7 a Oduc t tfi ' 3 h'gW . v taxed country , ; Thev were not there , he said ^ to advocate class legislation . but to demand ias a right" that protection be ext ^ ded to all British interests .- He would counsel them not to seek for a-direct reversal of pveseri ' t P l Ufc rather a modification of it .- He trusted tjiat there would he no violent explosion of Protdctionwt violence , but thai they would rather , display tbp magnanimity , of xmoderation . \ Ho beygod to ' move the resolution ; , which iwaa . loudlv . atitilaudfid ? Air !

      :, ,,, uat was received witliloud cheers . SolonV as the love ; of justice and truth lived on the earth ; so . long would protectionfind friends and supporters ( Loud cheers . ) VLord Grey had ' , stated in the housV thatffhen free , trade . should be' obtained the price of : w . heat , woMldbo what hadbeerithe averaee prico for . thelafifc twelyo ' years , namely ;; 5 os ; ( Groans . ) Mr . Hume had given a Bimilar prophecy .: Sir Wrn " Molesworth said i the ; landlords would have the pleasing gatisfaotion . of rnisingtheirrents . ( La ' ueli : i eiv ) ^ 9 j had' Col . vThompson . the author of 4 e knsj . irade : CatecMsm '; and VaaMmgm newspaper ' - the nuthorisedorganof . the Leagueitself .-fixecl tKe pnce . atSOs , . ( Cheers . ) Then . aeain . Sr-RbS

      i ' eel said , ttiaf tho importations would be verv trifling , and Mr . Bright ^( groans ) ,-had declared that no countvy could grow more than - it'wanted ;' ( Laughter . ) . The . Jieaaue . had ' stated that foreign ' corn could , not be importedat less tban' 489 ; ( Hear . ) He considered that they . had a . right'to arraign those authorities for doing ! what many ! » felon had done beforo them , obtained tho measureby false pretences . Ihe veryiprincipleof ifree trade wa ' s'to grind the , ? ° on r < nn ' A e ! u new ' a' Free-trader uwho' was ^ worth ' ± dP , 0 P 0 , . whoisaid . they , had ; not carried out free trade as they jought ^ ' for he ' tievev meant to . give more than 4 u . 6 d ; per week—he never meant to employ . a . mamed man . ' , ;( Name . ) And he knew . an-. other who was employing persons eighteen years ' of ageat 4 d .. a . dav . ' ,. ( Name . ) Mf-anyrone called ori ; him he would , givotbe names . - A , corporate body , wbom ^ e would : not name , had , the : ' othei > day reduced , the - . wages . bUheir sluicckeeriers fortv- 'rier

      c nt- , v v at was fl'ee frade . ; : » Ifcitwas continued he should . be concerned for the morality of thenation Air ; - John . Beh , of Ko « fc ; spoke in Rupport o £ the resolution . : ¦ ¦" , ¦ . ¦ o-- ! , c , l \ . i ' :- ; : > . ¦ :: - ; ,-, ; . ' " . Mv : REiD ,. -. wh ' oVwas introduced as a London baker , in supportiiigthe resolution ^ said he did so under the firm conviction that this'waa nofc : merely a class . mterestmovement , riora ? farmer ' s interest , butonein . whichitbe . iriterests of all , and above all , : tneworking ; : men , might-be looked-to , and their erievances ^ redreaBed .-: ¦ ' ui -.-: ' . ¦ .: ' ¦ . ' .. . ¦ • i .. ' .:, ? i :

      Theireaolution was then put and carried unani-. mou . 8 ly , ias , were all the others ; i ... " : ; " !; " ,.. Mi . . C . tWorsmy , whom tho . chairman described as _ a : Sussex ; mrin ; -moved the third resolution , to the ettect . thatiunless ; free trade be abandoned , arid equal protection be-restored' to British labour ' and . pwuetion , vthe mpatdeplorable consequences , both political and Isooial ^ onding' in national cbrivul 8 l 6 ri and banl ^ ruptcyy must ensue .--xl , ¦ - ; - ¦ . -r . O ..--Col . . Kinloou , ' in a ; very . humorous speech , se " conded the'resolution ; which was- carried amidst ? "

      loud cheers . : ¦ . -. -,:., k- , . " ; ., " " ' " V ' i ^ Lord Bersbbs , in proposing the noxfc resolution : said he stood before them as an owner arid ocoupier ot landiandlanemployev of ; labour , and as one who wM . paTtwipatmg : in the Buffering which . owners andoccupier 3 : of ; land-. w ere : enduring . He saw belore him ; a banner ) on whioh was inscribed "the rights of British subjects . " , aftd on ' another 'f More of justice and less of charity . ?; . Ti ] ey . wer ' e prepared to support the rights of • Briti 3 h subjects , to-aiip'port thelright of ' protection-. - Bat the should' be content to have ¦ ¦ inscribed' : on his banrier not the . word ?' protection , " , hut'justice" to all classes of tne state . Ho asked them if they would support-him ? ( V / Yes . " ) : lei them then return to their homes arid

      apeat to their ,, wives- arid- tneii ^ chiiaren of this great . gathenngi : and to speak of it in theitreets and jn . the marketplaces , - and say that- they ha ' d " seenritue-jrepresenta'tives of . 776 . 000 ; farmers and . grazjers ofthe United'Kingdom , who hdd declared ' th : rt . ; they . would IstaridibyiLord Stanley , and Mr . pi 9 raeli- ( cheers ) -and'ith ' at they : would stand . bv justice to British industry . ; :: The noblo lord . coneluded by ; movin | . ' a . vote of . thanks to therDuke of Ewhmondj President of the . 'National Assoeiatioril : SirJiMEs S . R ; Mackenzie seconded it ; ¦ ¦ . ! ! . ¦ Ih ' e . motion passed with . great cheering . ^ ; " ' ; .- The Duke ofRiCBMOND said he should indeed feel himself unworthy of any i position in this country if , m .-receiving so great ; a cbmnlimont from- the

      gi-eat . body of the . farmers of ^ England , wbQm he nowjFa ' w wound . him-, he did not ; feel the deepest gratitude to them ; -. He aisked ; them to look at the votes of . their county i members , a [ nd to turn out every one of ; them . v » ho did not vote for Mr . . Disraeli ' s motion ^ J ( Cheers . ) He : asked them not to pledgettlieir members ; to matters of . detail , bufc , tb ask ; them ; this , question—will :. you support Lord Stanley ? ..- If they i said nbj . then do not have them . : Were .. thoy to abandon the . , cause of . protection because , forsooth ,-, there might become mobs formed in gome parts , of . the Country ? . That would be to say ., they were prepared not , to : ^ Mde by the ? law which theirJegislators made , ; bufby the will of a yiolent ' and infuriated ' mob , ( Cheers . ) lieasked

      , them if thero . were any . among them craven hearted enough not to do the duty whica they owed to their sovereign and the country , frorii the basest of all motives , personal cowardice ? If " there- were apy base , enough ,-they wouldtihave to . tfighfc the battleagain . for other insijitutions . of the country ! pecause If a mob prevented protection-being restored , how did they know that a mob might not wish to remove , the crown froni . the head of our most gracious sovereign ? ,.. ( Three cheers were here given for the Queens ) That . cheer . proved to him that . the honest yeomanry , 6 f . England , were ; true at heart , and . that they concurred with him in the opinion tnayhey , tho agricultural ; interest , with , the land

      coW tlio shipping interest , I the 'large mass qf . vth ? . . respectable-part , of ! . the \; country ;' were reaoy to . lay . down their . lives to . protect their . l sovereign , and not only . to maintain their sovereign , v , ii ^ v ^ ^ e- 'nsMtut ^ ons of happy M England . ( Cheers . ) . Thenoble ' dukeagain assured ^ ^ f i ^ S . ot . the . deep gratitute he felt to them , l £ T ^ ot Permit the ; meetingl to ¦ sepa ^ S'f ^^ m ? l 8 lVln r gt , heir test andearneatthanks t S » " - ° f the National Association , and to Mr . G . F . J pung , its chairman . ; , :. .. . , ' d . h « ' ^ * ^ V wa ! 1 ' then « tiveD accor dingly , which was . responded . io by Mr ; ( J . P . Young . lhe meeting ^ then separated at a . quarter past five , ' havjog lasted five hours awd a quarter . ,

      inKft !^ 10111 ^ tbe . gentlemen who ' ? f | , « P o 6 d * V > ° ^ thering , dinedtogetlicr ; w the ? reOma 8 pn' 8 Tavern .. There were present-Snlirf ' I : J ^ Su ( the c hairman ) , the Dukeof Rich ^ mond , E arl ^ twhope , tbe Earl . of Winchilsea , Lord ^ S >^ .. Fo . wke ^ iColonel . Sibthorp ,, M . P . i T } $ ?' So" ? - qi > eeno ' « .. Colonel Kinloch ; m'ister' 'Rfi' ^' ^ ^ officiated as to ^ Q onoured ^ S , ? h laad l »« t . » UQtic . toasts wereiduly pSSo'cS ^ com P ^^ atedia bouth li "

      hem' unihS' ^^ u * Ibbiis « «* Persons who . had fi ? itrfl Sf ^ . ^^^ m »« on : at Drury-lane rt Sir » -1 % mrSfc ' U ! i ? ti * ' * > Long-Acre . ? ph 11 w a 8 ^ k 0 ri ' by E ^ lStanbope , aid . the meeting was addressed , by his , lordship , Mr . G . Fj ISS V ^ ^ % ^ . ^» .. Mv . m , M Cam : bridge Rev , Cliarles Day . and several formers ; The ¦ S ^ B ^^^^;^^; ^?"

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      JSZl I ' > \?? understand , the author . ; . of J £ S ^^ l « b 6 Hl > ' « P'odaoed at the Tnealre . Uoyal . Drury-la ' ne , ' and WhieK has been 8 P ° ke -n' « "J ^ cW ' g ^ at ^ terins-b yrthe ' . pfeaa . The title of tUeiragedy is i ?« a * k ^« Wffer . " v "

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      " , - . - ' ' monpx y . apmi ; 28 ; r .: ' - " ¦ ' HOUSE OF COMMOXS .--Thehouse re-assembled on . Monday last . » fter the recess . Lovd J . Rdssbll intimated , that , it was not tho intention of , the government to adopt the . amendments of the Eoclesiastical Titles Bill of which notice had been given by Mr . Walpole . . . . Propebii ; Tax Bill . —On the order of the day for the second rendiiiir of this bill , \ Mr .. SrooNun entreiited the house to , pause before it continued , !! tax which pressed most unjustly and unftirly . upon many . of the great interests ofthe country ; which was . not--required by any peculiar , emergency ; which had lieen originally proposed as a temporary , tax , whereas ,-if the . house , assented to this bill , it would put its seal to the permanency of

      an impost ,- the . vexation , frauds , and evasions attending , which , as well as its inequality , tho present Ministers , when in opposition , had been foremost in prpc ] :. iming . ; : ( Ileiir hear >) , He allowed how oppressively , the . tax fell . upon the landed interest in comparison with the fuudholder ; and he called upon the house , if , the bill should reach the committee , to remodel , the tux so as to reliove the claWes now unequally affected by , it .. ( Henr . lie . ^ r , ) ' He however , movedttwt . the . Becond reading of the lili be defm-wl fov . six : months ., > .. ' .- ; . . : . . ; , . Mv .. Muntz seconded this amendment ' , subscribinc to nearly all that had fa . Uen : fr . ohvMr . Spooner . He urged the unjust manner in-wliicli this tax operated upon tho tenant-farmem and the small manufactu-. rers . who wei-e . made to pay whether , they had an . . incoine or not . He resisted , the tKx . movcoser , first because it was (\ . drench ofifttiih , and , secondly because pe . couWseeiioend to it .. ¦ .

      ; ¦'¦?• ' Fi ^ supield should : not oppose the , second reading pt . the bill , b . ut be hbpevl that in the : committeo ; the , extent . of time for which the tax . was to no cpntiuued ,. and modifications , ass tOithe . subiccta and the amount ,. of , the , tax , would , bo taken into serious consideration ., ,, . .. . . . , .... . .. . , The . . Chancehor . of ., the Excn , E < jDKB aaltl , the house had already l . d . etermined to relinquish a given . amountof . revenuejm ' d . to . renew the : income-tax ; out if tho amendment were carried , not only must the reduction , of the duties uponcoffee andL-timber and the cominutaiion of the window duty , beabaniioTien . biititWuld be necessary to impose other taxes , sjnee the rejection of the bill , would creato . a deficiency . ; . ¦ ...,- . , - . ' . :

      Mr . M'GREOOR supported the bill- ' . : ; . Mr . DisRAELi thought the objections made to the bill were , rather .. for ' . consideration in committee than upon the , second , reading of the bill , and jib therefore . hoped that Mr . . Spooner ,. would not divide the . housD : upori . the : qu . estion ; of the second ; reading . . Mr . SroosKRsaid he , would not . Oivide the house upon the amendment ; which was then negatived without , a division , andthabill . was read a second time . ' . i ' _ .: ' .- ' " .,- ; >; . ; ^ ^ " ¦ , ^ . Lord J ., ilus 9 RU , gaye , npticethathe . would ! mov 6 tnaji toe house . 8 hou | d ; mee ' t . at six o'clock on Thurs-. dayhext , instead of atthe usual Jiour . : T ] ie stamp . Duties Assimilation Bill , the Exchequer Bills Bill , ^ nd the , Indemnity Bill , wore re . 8-peotivelv read a third . time and . passed .. ..-.., ^ After some other ; l > u 8 iness ,.-the . housoj . adjourned at a quarter to , seyen ^ o ' clo ^ k ., ; 1 ; . ¦ .-: . ¦ : ;' . TUESDAY ,-April . 29 . ; -..

      HOUSE OF 00 MM 0 KS .-In reply tq-Mr ; Sprakbb , as to what steps : had been taken to secure the ' persons of Birchmore , Wagget , and Heyward , against . Trbom-warrants-had been issued on a charge of , misdemeanpur , proved to hayebeon committed " on 'the ' occasion of ' the sitting' 6 f a parliamcntayy . committee ,, ^ - inquire into the , validity of the St . Albany , election , " , ;' ., ' . ¦ , ; ' Tho . SERoBiNi-A ^ KMs ' stated'tnatuuririg the adjournment . tf ^ the , house He '; bad use ' d' all'dne diligence to oxecutp the warrants of . that ' hoiiselagainst the . parties charged therein ' . ' but to . no nurnnse .

      The police .. authoriUes , ' had just infbrme ' u ' . nim tliat up to that ' m ' bment . they ' . 'had . " liot been able to obtain the slighted trace of th ' e parties ; ¦ ' j , ; Lord J . Russeli ,, said ,., that . unless , the parties were apprehended ' within ' , a rbasonable time , , it would b , _ o necessary toaddrcss the ' crown that areward . ' might . bp : " proclaimed . " . ' . ( Hear ,: hear . ) ' He would , therefoVe , wove , that the house' resolve it' self into a . 'ijommittee' i ; o . eorisider-the ' pr ' opriety ; of adopting an ' address toher Majesty "that she might be pleased . to order aprpcliimation , with a reward ; for ' , the qiscpyery . ' of , iVVaggett , Heyward , and Birchniorp ; .. ( Hear ;)' , ' . , , "' , ' , ; ' .., ¦ ' ' 1

      'WATEft ' SvPELTi . '—Sir G . Gbey moved for leave to bring a biU'for . the . better ' supply of-. VTatOT to . the Metropolis . He referred to the large amburit bf information inVpossessiori ! of the . house . upon , this subject , ' contained je ' specjally in the repqrfe of the . Bbard ' pf Health , ' which allowed , first ,. that some , extensive charigo / ypasi neqessary in . o ' rder to ipsuro , an adequate . supply . of ; . " go 6 d , ' ' anil . wholesome water ; and ' BeconjdLy , that ; Ccimpetitioficoiiid . riot be trusted to fbr that p ^ cti . ^ Xhel ' tirst ^ question ; therefore ; whether'the' existing system should . be , atllVered to , or tliiit somu ' eas&ntial ' . fiharigeahoul ' u 6 e , raado in it ; admijtted . of an , easy answer . ; the second , . was ,. what substitute the ! goVernmen ' t should nroDqse and Parliament : adopt . ; The' Board " oflilealtli hail

      iecommendeo , ; . J . n . the , nrst instance ,. that , the . existing sources of 8 u ' pjly should . be ] 'alt 6 gether . abandoned , and ; jtliat ¦ reo 6 u ' rBe ; su ' ould be bad to . deposits of rain water collected iri . gaiheriug grounds n ^ ar Bagsliot . They bad 8 ul ) seft \ ieri . tly so far . rn ' odified tlieir recommendatioa a 3 to' . prbpoao ' . triat' instead , of rain water l . sprijig ^ water , should „ be' - . ' collected arid brought to . London in / . pipes ^ ; Th ' is ' .,-very , change of opinionV , inculcated , ' . caution , .. and' . the governtrient ' ^ had ; . laid ' , ' . ' , ' the' , reports ..-, of '¦ the . Bourd , of ; Health " ;^ and ailthe eviuorice ; before three gentlemen eminent for theiy skill arid . ability ., that they might reportiipon the . chemicaLprbpeVties . of the water arid to what extent tUeexiatins soriroes bf suodIv be

      should be ' retained or new , . source ^ operie . d . I . The ' miri ' uteridss anil labour ' of | hia ' inquiry Rad ' hittotio prey . ented . them from , making ,. a , report , and , ' in " tlie meantime he bi \ d . thou ' gnt i ^ better ^ to lay before tlie hpus&tne pub . lines of ... a ' sch eme " , by . which bepro' posed , to substitute anew maohiriery for that of the nine water ' co mpaniiijs , each , occupying a separate district . . "The . Bo arg ^ . Qf . Uea ( t ^ . ha , d recoiumorided . that instead of a ; . pl , uralit , v . of , riia'iageriients , there 8 ' hQuW be on ' ej ppinpiri ' e ^ inaiiagenient , as , the best inearis jof ? ec . uring ; a sufficient , supply . ' and . ioryicB / pf ; water . with , a . dimiriritipn ofiCOSfc ^ and this combiiiatiori' , they suggested , ' might be ^ effected by purchasing jihe . stock of . the existing companies at a liberal yaluatipn , bjiit .. they foyndji ; necessary , to dcfrom ttieV

      , part an p' ¦ rec birimeridation , to vest thp ^ m . v j nagemen ^ bodies , and ; propps . ed , tb place ; it under , a government board . piMzippi ^ officers ; . There , " v ^ ere , therefore , three ' general modes of ; . e ' ffe ' otirig the objects in vievv -fir . st ,.. Uy . the ^ xi 3 | jng : b 6 nipanies ; Becond , by mu-MCipalittes , on the' representative principle ; third H , « " * , Var ied , bo , ard , , actlrig iinder , the . immediate ; control of-the government . arid'indirectly respon-Bible to . parliament , ; The , objfictions to the latter plan -we ' re formidable , ' and nothing but necessity wouldjnduco the government to adopt it . If , indeed , they , were dealing . with this as a new question , . irrespective of private , interests , and the habits of , tbe pepple ,. should .. certainly prefer the plan suggested ; by the . Board , ; of Health -but as an

      extensive Bys ^ em Kfas already in existence , and , ; as no repvesentative ijiaohinfiry was to bo found ,, the pnncipje pf . the m . easui ; e . he proposed . was the con-SQUUlUlOo of the existing coinpaniea into one , bythoi . purchase of their respective Stocks oither by , valuation or by arbitration , -with a consolidated capital , the consolidated body being charged with the whole supply of water iq the metropolis subjoct to the control of Government and Parliament He oxplained .. the functions ,-powers , and obligations witfrwhich . the . 'biU proposed to' endow thiB body , and observed that tho plan would accomplish the ends of saving expenditure , ' increased efficiency in management ' vit

      , goveramecontrbrunaer responsibility ' vto 'Parliament , and reduction -of " rate ' s ' - tocon- sumierss realising ,. at the eame time , trie pririciulc l-ecommeaded by . the Board of . . Health of a contract between tho government and the company ! ""lie anticipated An obvious objection , toafc the companies could riot he compelled to consent Ho this arrangement ; but they were , entitled to the first-offer , arid they had met the ' communications of the government ' in ateasonable spirit , reserving their decision ' until they saw the details of the bill , which he pro- ' , posed prefer to a seleot committee , so that the ' companies would have ample opportunity to advance their clainis . v ( Hear , hear , ) 7 ' i •• . ' .-.. ; v .: " I

      iJ-i iA J ° UNST 0 NE S » ye . various explanations on behalf of tho water companies who were favourably disposed towards thejtteasure , . , : J Mr . Gocii ' uANE considered that sucha ' , bill would only fltrongthen the existing . monqpoly , continuing all its evils , and confirming its power ., by * uni ^ inir the . existing companies ' into one . , ( iSear . ' hcar ' , ) i : " Mr . JIuiiB thought there ^ fould be no difficulty , in ; adopting the principle " of , competition by allpwing . PAW companies to come in . ¦ , ; : ; Sir- B . Hah was of opinion that the amalgama-j fcioiuof . the ' existing companies , though it might save spine expense , wouldmake the . combined company a very ppwerfulone , whereas tbeobject of the go ^ vernment should be . to . abolish a . monopoly , . which

      had existed . too long . ' - ( Hearj hear . ) .. ; :, LordiEriniHaip . ij reviewed the jsubject of . water , supply at some length , : amd condemned the scheme of the government as defective in principle . . , Sir \ Y . P . ut contended that ; competition : could ' not be applied to ; the principle of water supply . He ! admitted that ttie . poor of . the metropolia . were ill ! provided with" wafer ; but this aroae from rib indis- position of the companies to 8 npply . it , or from any ! deficiency of , 'the article i bub beoaueethe proprietbra ' of small teneraenta ; refuBed . to take ; means of aun plying-their occupants . ( Hear , hear . ) Ho defended the water companies against the charges of extor ' tion ,. waste , and extravagance , and expressed hW perfect conftdenco in the fair ; dealing of E mem ment ; and the . hou 8 e , ' which bv aotin- , m

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      country . ( Hear , hear . ) Tho . question was entVely tor conopromiso , which would be . the cheapest , as weUas the fairest course . ; ' V ' S tft MowA " . objected to the scheme , that it con-*?!^ a ? ° Prov' 8 ion for a new source of supply inthot ? Lr prTlUmPuro one ' that it made S s ^ XTSssr ^" ** sBS ^^ ' ^ s ^ T . luowatt s oojection , stated tliit tl . n l >; n to the Secretary otS ^ AtX R * ° of supply . icspcet to the sources ' S ? 5 *!!?* ?! S i ¥ on { 1 ? »» R in the bur . ' ' tb ' eiT moved . .. .

      Wr . EwABT a ^ rcsohitjon V ^ ' ^ ¦ expedient to extend the miti gSoUho * % *¦ %£ respect to capital pmushment to the colonK ' hS a member having moved that the house w . counted and only thirty-eight members being present an adjournment took place at seven o ' clock . ' WEDNESDAY , Apbh , 30 . : nOUSE OP COMMONS .-Lord J . R « SS km moved that tho house , at its rising , should adjourn until six o ' clock this evening . Sir R . Inolis said that if the adjournment irag not to betothe . ; U 8 ual hour to-day , it would be bettor to adjourn t . t once until Friday . Ho ther » Sn s ! 'a ^ endrae ^ After a short conversation the house divided SS" ? 52 to ^ . * IUgliS mS def 6 ated b ^

      a , ^ AA K lKr ^ - ~ -Lord J- Russbll moved MRS ? S « v - ff ' ' pray ili s that < v proolftina - non mignt tssuo , offering rewnrds for tho anni < plii . n § SSSS « sSi After a very desultory cbnvorsatiori the addroas was a greed to , and the house resumed . ' M In reply to a , question from Mr . Dumb ''"'• '' J . li-. T - " ' Bili ( 1 " til 0 » w « , every wish to deal hberally With tho . exhibitors in the way of giving -them freeadmissiohatUio opening o 7 tl ?« Exh , b . t . on , but . t was felt impossible . to TtJL n I to their number , which exceeded 15 , 000 S ?»*«» , l * Jo : intention of , hor M » jort , " to aSi theExhibitionon' some brie Saturii iy morn in " on which occasioirthb' exhibitor * . uJ W Sotted f ^ iii n . j ! * ' . opportunity of explaininS he ?

      exKibiteu 3 - ' eS th ® y have iS ^ fef 4 ^ - ^^ « tto AyiS ^ ft ^™^^ " - After a- short discuBSJpn , tlio amendment was nelS ^ S £ Mlim ^ ' ^ Highway s ( Soum ^ yAI , Es ) Bai , . —Upon tho o ' rder : ^ & ^ 'iifr * uttVin *»' Dr . Xicnon moved an instruction to ttie committoe . o give power to extend the . provisions- of the drew ° " ° ' after some do » ate , he with-™ SS ? Sff thilt thc > # **> . The bill was Sunuortbd l > vt . nriniiMrv » « , ! . « , i .. j le

      introducedit , > rid - . " also by ' Wr 5 . Lww , whowas C ^ t ° ^ T ri ^ iple ' Which was discusSdby d . e \^ S . - , - . YlvI ^ . and Mr . Riciurds ^ . uI tlie amendment being negatived , the houst . i Vent into committee upon the Sill , the clauses ' of which were agreed to with amendments " ^^'"^ The Lodginjr . BOuses Bill was read a second time . PARM . Bya WsoS ; BfLt .-Mr . . G 0 CHRASK ) in moving the second reading of tie Farm Buildings Bill , cave a brief explanation of its . objcct , which was to authorise the-charging , of estates with loan ' s for . the repair and . erection of farm buildings The bill was opposed by . Mr . TmtAwsr Mr . fiui > wNas , ; Mr . Home , and Mr . W . Wilbs , but upon . a ^ alaii ^^ vf ^^ ^ J ?" ^ , T ^ DING PRe tbk « on BiLL .-Petition Ifv iif blllwc : ro P ^ sonted by Mr . WAiuuY . and

      » s «? ' - "' v ' Wltl " ^ ' ^ y ins ' pyesbnted several petitions in favour of the measure , mpved . that the houso go into committee upon the / bill ' ' ' ; ' ¦' ' . iSAT ^? t to -, ° ^ M . thVmoljpn ^ ' j fe-ooit . sidered that faith- had been ' , broken ^ ith him and others who had consented to the second reading of the bill , for it was then understood / that it waf to go beforo a Select Committee , who bbouW have power to send [ for persons , papers , and records , ia oraer to furnish the opponents of the hill ari opportunity of disproving , and the sucDorters of m > J * L «

      tlic preamble of it . He refeiVed to the proceed ings in committee , where an assurance , . wa given thlt witnesses should be sent for ; but after 4 rds that pyomisowas not fulfilled ; He had , as ' a . member ot he committee done hbbest . to make it KarmS ; but now . he could not recommend it to to udoptioi of the house . Tlie second clause was " the cODai . deratronblausc . - fov which it would be adopSik thai vda another . place . . The classes . Sgainsfc whom this legislation was directed did not par 5 pate largely in the enjoymen t of th ' e franchise It was desu-ed to extinguish ; trading for the benefit of he working classes , and yet make it as little ti-oublesome as possible to thoso who wished to h ? vve such as- enactment as this .... The line was to-be drawn between tlid small , mpcn-inin a « J those immediately above him " Jt" £ u ft £ j man was to be . placed at the mercv ofThiSf

      man , acting under parochial orders , whilst the larger tradesmen would notbotouched at a The prohibitions ., were to be found in the first clause the exceptions were to be found in the second ^^^ as ^ trjaftt pssKS ^ a ^ tsg t ea ^ fe ^ si- ^; ' ^ r tnulkWcmmpot a l m » ig » l . tfcr afficS ? . lie now camo to the most . tyrannical , and therefore the most otyuctionable clauso of the bill , it WnR clause seven , giving a judicial power to policemeri 5 " ^ ° \ Pe nalty nad bcen P incuS toseizepn . he , whole capital of the ' . hawk <» r , ; avv 4 then , to add insult to injury , a oower of aim ^ l « , « .

      next day . to a magistrate . The most perishable materials might be -seized -under this clause , and hey knew how httle confidence the poorer classes had « , tjo discretion of the police , o / in the 3 ness ol the magistrates to interfere in their behalf iSovf this clause passed in committee without a division . He referred to the evidence of Miv Goniicisbioner May ne on . a similar clause in some of th& lpca acts He ( Mr . Mayne ) . stated , ho had invariably refused , to . permit the police under him to exercise this power , One of his reasons for refnsiriff waS , that it would excite u strong feeling--agninS : tl e pohoo , and produces a riot . His evid « face ° aloS nuyie put ftn unaswerable caso against the bill . But then they , had the evidence of the police themselves , , that there was no . necossity whatever for this lesis-, lation-their ; returns proved that Sundav trading

      was aiminishwg . in every district of London . That was the , only evidence , they -had on this sut'ject ; aud he left it to tbe ; house-to say , whether it was in favour of or . against the bill . There was the proof pftheJows tvading-but then they had the Sabbath of their own , and several days on which every species of work . wasforbidden , makingsixty-six days in the year ., Now . it-was proposnd to add fifty-two more to the Jew's abstinence from latonr . Thi 8 ; would ; be a withdrawal of four calendar months ouc of ; tbe twelve . . There was a Protestant sect called . " Sabbatarians , " who abstained from labour on Saturday , but laboured on the Sunday , which they . , did not feel conscientiously called unnn t , n aK .

      serve .. lie thought they ought not to deal ' harshly by now legislation with any class , however small Why did riot the tradors . of Lambeth , for * h £ benefit this , bill was proposed ,, themselros .-ibstaia lromkbour . and this they , admitted in theh-Wition to . the , other house , ? , Hc asked the lion-member for Lambeth , how did . his . bill amend the defects ofthe ancient law ? , ; The . horn member for Lambeth saul it was as much his ( Mr , Anstey ' WH as the lion , member's ; , then ; if it were porhap ' 3 the noil , member would . hnve no objection to his withdrawing the billi in his name . . ( Laughter ) . If , so , Ue promised the houso they , should liear no more bf this bill ' . ' . ( Laughter . ) : Ho asked the hori . memberon , what he rested his case ? They had heard nothing , from him that day to justify it . The

      poorer , classes had no represontative in this house , arid it was not becoming in one holding the poaition of tho hbn . member to harrass them with legislation of this description .- l } e declared his intention to oppose tho bill at every , stage . He ' moved that tho bill go into committee that day sixmftntu .. Mr ; B . Wail seconded the amendment . If hS been allowed to call for evidence ; in committee " ho should have been -able . to ^ idd uce , manv mnspi ^ portarit facts , which WWO ttot . then before ' theK 2 " He should have asked medical men fo * ; ,, lf % they wouldtecommenu such a 2 £ ' l 8 A . nc ?» year like the year bf the choler ? If f } , ft ' , ' a passed mto . a law (; & ' 3 h 3 iS ^ f ^ general instead of local . He alw nf 8 ma e BS ^ efSiSi litari diSflfll ed opwation tbih e Bietrbpo-> wail Hl 8 triCt 8 . rheneXt . OUPSf nn , lin o | , « .. u . _ A _

      with nL ^ 3 ° « W . be , difficult . for hon . tmembera m Sv " ? TWd ,: 1 » , i « as ; sure -there iwaa > WV ^^ ^ "Se . withput a . conscienoe-to . adopt one restrictions contained , in the bill ; ( A laugh j B ! it the measure , mi ght be evaded . A poor man might eritor ' a shop on the SundaymwaiujR pureM 8 o . an article , and , pay for it' «« > » f 3 w ^ 5 \ day .. As he read the . bill ityio \} imti pjrj 0 mj & \ > Ties , chemut 8 , aMdruggistVitO / e ^ W ^ neiK-pNR ^ J 5 j feB ' sion in cases of' necessity or ^^^( P «»* v' * X /? 9 » would prohibit othe < -s . Th « s ^ ey ^^* WW ^ F ? ua ^ chemists , and druggists would bm ^ tf ^ PpriuriftyH ^ 3 ^ 5 I f II »^ S

      Kmuetial Parliament Kmiit&Gt;Ftfllwf.Vt.T.T««^*

      Kmuetial parliament Kmiit > ftfllWf . vT . t . t ««^*

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      May 3 , -1851 . - ATJIE ^ lOR ^ TiH Elt ^ " STA r A —^^ = ^ 1-- - , ^_ - ; . i _ : ~ ~~~~~ ¦ S = 5

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), May 3, 1851, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1624/page/7/