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Northern Star (1837-1852), 14th September 1850, Edition 1 of 3, Page 3, Untitled Article

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    • 9S j^ySICAL ;DISQUALiFICATI0N3, GENERATIVE INCAPACITY ,^AND IMPEDIMENTS TO MARRIAGE. -
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      T ^ lVn " $ - > > " •"" ratcdwrith Twenty-Six ' Ariatomi ' 9 < M ^ " i ^ SteeI ' "' larged to Jytpnges , price J * . Gd ; by post , direct from the Estfiblishmenc , 3 s . ca . in postage stamps , ; ' . .- . ¦ T H E 8 . 1 L E NT F R IE N D ; A . a medical work on tho exhaurtion and physical decay of & systoy produced by excessive indalgcnce , tho conae que ^ oes of inftetion , or the abuse of mercery , yAtix observaftenr , on the manned state , and the . disaualMcationii WJiich prevent it f illH « rated by twenty . -six coloured eni gravings , and by the'detailof cases . B y . R . and L . PERRY and Co ., 19 , Berners ^ strcet , Oxford-street ,. London .. ¦ Published by the authors , and sold by Strange , 21 , Pater , noster-row : Hanna . y ,. 68 , and Sangcr ,. 150 ,. Ojtiord-street , Starie , 23 , Tichborae-street , Haymarket ; and Gordon , 146 , Leadenhall-street , London ; J . and B .. Baimes and Co ., Loittiwalk , Edinburgh ; . D . Campbell ,. Argjli-8 treet , Glasgow ; J . Priestly , Lord-street , and T . . Neyr ton , Churchstreet , Liverpool ; R . Ingram , Market-place , Manchester . ¦ ¦ ¦ •¦

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      Brothet- Chartists ! Beware of " Wolves in Sheep ' $ ,.. ' -. . . . .-., . - . Clotkihg ! . ' " ' Sufferers are earnestly cautioaad against dangerous imitations of these tills by youthful , self-styled doctors , who have recoursei to various schemss to got money ; such for instance as professing to core eonipluiuts for 103 . only advertisiig in the name of a female , und ' pretending to give the eliarheter of persons trpm . tlieir wilting , uuu what is equally absurd , promising tni produce hair , ¦ . whiskers , &c , in a fe \ y . weeks ; but , worst , of all , ( as it is playing with the afflictions of tlieir fellows ) , daring to infringe the proprietors' right by making truthlcss ' asseriioiis , and adver-. tising a spurious compound ' under another , the use of which , will assuredly brinir annoynncc . and disappointment .

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      DB . . DE : EOOS' COWCJEKTKATED "GUTT ^ VIT ^! has , in . all . iastai : ci-s , proved-a speedy and permanenfeure , for cymj variety t-fdisease arisifli ; from solitary liabits ; youtltful delusive excesses , ami infection , such as gonorrliQW , syphilis , < Sc ., which from uegleet oriinprope ' r treatment bjuiereury , copaiba , cubabs . and other deadly poisons , invariably fiid in some oi theioUuwiiig r f 6 Vinsofseeundary symptoms , viz ., puius and &ivc ] Uiijjs Jh tlie' bones / joints nn . vi ; glmius , skin eruptions , blotchtsand pimples . ' weakness . , oStlio eyes ,, loss of hair disease ; md decuy of the nose , sort- throat , piiins . in . the sido , back ; aiid loins , fistula , - piles , &c ., diseases of ; the kidneys , iind bladder , gleet ; strjotui'e , seminal weakness , neiivb-u ' s und' sexual debility , luss . c ? memory , and finally sush istixtc of dcowsiness , lassibuile imu « e » eral prpslratton of strength , , as unless skyfujjj arixstod , soon esals in a-miserable death ! : . :

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      EEAB PRi DE ROOS' CELE 13 RA ? Si > WORK , THE MEDICAL ADVIS&B ; the 64 tk tlsousiin 4 of . which is just publi ^ had , containing lti pages , illustnitqd with numerous beautifull y . coloured wgravings , desqrigtivo of tlio Anatonjy . smil Physiology of the Geneiative Oxkw » of , both Hexes , iv \ . health and disease ; alsa Chapter&on . the Obligations , aiid Wiilosophy of Marriage ; Diseases , of the Male anfl . EeuiaAe parts of Gsgxeratipn ; the oolv salts mode of fcyp ' a . Uuent and cure of all those secveii diseases arising frimiiafection ' and jouthfiil delusive excesses ; with . pUiii ^ dir ^ ctioJisi lor the reanaval ot every disqjmlafication , niia tbeatjaisaweutoflicaniu . vigom-, fce , > yitliease , certainty , n 3 d ., sflfoty . .. : May beoUained i »' a Beuh 4 . cny « Jope UirougU most book " selWrs , or of tho Author , uriua 2 s . ; or fre ^' jy post Jor thirty-Uvo postage stamjs . , ' . . ; OPINJflNfiLOF 5 UE PBE 8 S . ...... 11

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      THE "SWISISH MULTITUDE . ' ! :.. , " ... [ ' ( FromButler ' slludibras . ) . ' How various and innumerable . " Ate those who live upon the «* BWtf- . ¦ " * Tis they maintain the Church and State , Emplov the priest and mag istrate ; Bear all the chaise of government * . And pay the public fines and rent ; Defray all taxes and excises , " Jaxi impositions of allpnces ; . . r . * Bear all expense of peace and war , And pay the pulpit and the bar ; Jfointain all churches and religions , . and gire their pastors exhibitions . : . --. ; -

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      A WOKD IN SEASON . ' BTL . H . TH 0 R 5 ION . Winter is comine , winter is coming , ¦ --.. "What shall wo do for the poor ? . . .... Let them , as Dives did Lazarus , < Unheeded lie at the door ? - - 5 b ! rather break the crust in twain , saying " Take it—we wish it was more . " ¦* . ,: ¦ : TFinter is coming , winter is coming , ! Biob . men say what will tod do I Te who know not what it is to be starving—Woidd to God none ever hneWf-r " Part with your riches—there ' s treasure in " Heaven ; ¦ Trust the Onmipolent ' s word ; . He of his substance who to the poor givetk , Terily lends to the lord 1

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      The War in Hungary , 1848-9 . By Max-ScMesinger . Translated by J . E . Taylor . Edited , with Notes . and an Introduction , by Francis Fulszty . " 2 vol .. Bentley . - M . Max ScMesinger is by birth a Hungarian , —by the accidents of fortune a German . For some time a resident in Prague , and more recently settled in Berlin , he has had excellent opportunities of seeing the men and studying the questions connected both in the literary and political sense with the present movement of ideas and races in Eastern Europe . His

      acquaintance with , the aspects of nature in his native land—Ms knowledge of the pecnliar character of its inhabitants , their manners , modes of thought and habits of life—his familiarity Trith its past history—his right conception of the leading men in the recent struggle —are all vouched for as " essentially accurate" by no less an authority than Count Pulszky . It would be an injustice merely to ' say thati ' M . Schlesinger has given in an original and ' picturesque " way a general view of the -course of events in the late war more complete and connected than is afforded in any account hitherto presented to the public . He has done more : he has enabled the German and

      English reader to understand the miracle of a nation of four or five millions of men rising up at the command of a great statesman and doing successful battle with the elaborately organised power of a first class European state , shaking it to its very foundations , and contending , ' not without hope , against two mighty military empires , —until the treachery from \ r ithin paralysed its power of resistance . The struggle , brief as it -was , brought out , to the surprise of Europe , almost every element which might have contributed to success—great statesmen , great generals , expert financiers , adroit diplomatists , heroic soldiers , In these mysteries M . Schlesinger has contrived to throw many and interesting side-lights . So

      far as affects the political and military question " , -we have here the social organisation of the country laid bare , — -we become familiar ¦ with the Csikos , the Kanasz , the Gulyas , and the Halaszes in their homes and among thennative forests and heaths . TVe find the material of armies , so to say , waiting for the forming hand of genius—ready to obey its pressure and take the shape desired . TVe feel almost present in the scene ; and , as the Americans say , can realise the mode in which Kossutn * s * extraordinary power was exercised . The effect rather increases in grandeur , -when we come to understand the means . The thing ceases to be a mystery , — but remains a Biiracle .

      M . Schlesinger gives au interesting account of the Csikos , the Kanasz , and the Gulyas . The first is the hunter of the half-wild horses reared on the great Hungarian plains ; the second is a swineherd , in a country where the profession is one of great hardship and peril ; the third , is the lord of the heath on which his cattle feed . The Csikos makes a magnificent Lussar when well trained . ; but in the late war they fought with their long whips , and \ rith these did excellent service : —

      The foot soldier who has discharged his musket Is lost when opposed to the Csikos . His bayonet , viih which he can defend himself against the Uhlans asd Hussars * , is here of no use to him ; all his practised manoeuvres and skUlare unavailing against the long whip of his enemy , which drags him to the ground , or beats him to death with its leaden buttons ; nay even if he had still a charge in his musket , he could sooner hit a bird , on the wing , than the Csikos—who riding round and round him in wild hounds , dashes with his steed first to one side , then to another with the speed of lightning , so as to frustrate any aim . The horse-soldier , armed in the usual manner , fares not much better , and woe to him if he

      meets a Csikos singly ; better to fall in with a pack of Tavorions wolves . It was fortunate for the Imperialists that the Csikoses , from thenatnre of their weapons , were incapable of fighting in close ranks , or they , would have constituted a most formidable ¦ power . Nevertheless , in a semi-official report it was stated that they had broken the centre of an Austrian corps before Comorn ; hut their boldness and the- discouragement " of the Austrians must on this c-eeasion have assisted them quite as much as their vhip _ and the short hook , which in case of need they hurl with dexterity . At Wieselburg the Imperialists caught one of these fellows alive , and brought him as a curiosity to the camp . The General in command and his officers had a mind to see the

      brown bird on the wing , and stuck up a man of s : raw ia front of the tents , on which the Csikos vas ordered to exhibit his skill . The lad consented , only desiring to be shown the point where his leaden ball was te strike . He then galloped at full speed several time 3 round the straw figure , whirled his whip in the air , and to the astonishment of all present , the ball struck exactly the spot marked . The Egectacle was , by general desire , ordered to be repeated a second and a third time , when possibly

      it occurred to the poor hunted Csikos that he might iisake a better use of his weapon than against a harmless man of 3 traw ; and with a wild scream he whirled his whip into the midst of the gaping circle , dashed through it on ' his trusty horse , and away ever the country through the green corn-fields to the Danube . A dozen shots were fired after him , bnt fortune favoured the fugitive : he reached the t-sposite shore and ' the camp of his countrymen in

      Out of such men it tras not difficult to make warriors , when generals , stores , arms , equipments , money had beeu obtained : —but these all required also to be created . We loot hack \ rith astonishment at the working power of Sossuth . He stamped his name on bits of paper , and his countrymen took them as gold . They exchangedfor them all theAustrian hank sobs in the country . These were sent to Vienna , aad cashed . Arms , ammunition , army clothing were smuggledin from abroad ; a system of telegraphs arose at his bidding ; and the comfort and even the lives of delicate women were placed at his disposal to expedite despatches . M . Schlesinger vividl y describes this system : —

      _ 2 > o one had ever before heard of telegraphs in Hungary , and now on a sudden we are told of th * existence of an immeBse net ! This nu « ht rf ™ TJ f ^ rn ^ ° * l ption ' ^ thoit som e "pWion It is true that there are no proper telegraph , ever have been in Hungary . On the heights " , and on the church-towerB , we find no telegraphic apparatus by day , nor fire signals by night : we find eo electric wires or batteries on the plains-and yet Kossuth had his telegraphs . . Let the reader aow cast a glance over the meadow at Buda . a

      motley crowd js there in motion . Adjutants are galloping to and fro , —camp-sutlers are packing up tueir goods , the horses are put to the poo toon-equi page , the drums beat and trumpets sound , the lorses neigh and anort , the harness cracks and snaps , knapsacks are strapped , the cannon advance in order of march , the columns are set in motion , and gradually the -immense train falls into order , and crosses the bridge to Pesth with a hollow , mea" ^ stepon ife road to SzoInok . Tie inhabitants 1 ^ esth are gathered in dense crowds and silent ;

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      the women gazeput ' ofthe windows with sad " and anxious looks ; but all is still-nbta single cheer is heard for the soldiers who are going forth to battle : but a hundred thousand prayers , breathed in silence for the enemies whonvthey are going to encounter , is ah the farewell .. salutation they take with them on . their march ; A dashing cavalry officer has meanwhile ridden on before through the streets , and lighted his cigar at the pipe of a . cduntrvman standing idle at the banner . ' In doing so the man ' s pipe goes out : what can itbe that moves him so powerfully ? He runs aside to a sand-hill , quickly strikes a light again with a flint and steel , but instead of lighting the tobacco in his pipe ; he kindles a faggot , extinguishes it again , once more lights it , and goes his way . . The man must be a dreamer or a madman , for he has thrown his short pipe also into the fire , to make it burn the brighter ............ Let us look further . At short distances another

      column of smoke , and another , and still another A llittle hump-backed gipsy-lad , who *; has been gathering faggots id .-the ; woods from , early- in the morning ^ peteeives a column of sinoko , and immediately throws , on the ground tlie bundle he has collected with such labour , sets fire to his treasurea second Sardanapalus . We riovr turn ' our ' view still further to the east . A boy is seen running throughthe village—a horseman is flying over the Heath—a dog swims across the river—and horse and rider , dog and boy , are all links in that great , living , invisible net of telegraphs . A ' few hours after the Imperial army has set out from Buda , the rout of its march is known on the banks of the Theiasi and the necessary precautions are- taken , whilst the Imperial General with all his power cannot bribe one trusty spy . Such is the history of the Hungarian telegraphs , which were used In the Ketherland as early as by Philip II ., and will always find employment where a national war is waged against a foreign standing army . . . :..-. ' : :. ,.

      This is one side of the picture . Then let us glance at another . It is -in these things that the secrets of the grand results which > amazed the . west ' of Eurbpe are ~ to be sought .- — . : ? It was on- the' second evening after Razga ' s execution , that a-carriage stopped at the door of a nobleman ' s mansion ki . the -county . of < T * ?* .- This country house was . situated in one , of the finest parts of the noble valley of the . TVaag , jaside from the high road . * * During tueVrholc year all had been quiet in this mansion : its possessor had followed Kossuth from Pesth to Debreczin ; his beautiful wife and her youngest sister kept house alone , with a few . irnsty servants .. The two ladies bad hastily stepped on to the balcony , to see whether

      the visit was to them , and what gpest- could have wandered into the solitude of their retired valley . In a few minutes the stranger stood before them , and delivered a , letter from Debreczin .. ¦ The master of the house introduced him as a friend and patriot , adding that he was " the bearer of papers of great importance , which had to be conveyed to Vienna , and forwarded from thence to Teleki at Paris . The ladies were requested to do all in then power to assist him . - Half the . ' night .. was passed in taking counsel together and relating occurrences , . The young man , who was here first informed of the execution of Razag , his friend and tutor , took a solemn oath to avenge his death . His passionate spirit , which might endanger the enterprise , the difficulty

      of reaching Vienna at that time , when the frontier and the line of the VVaag were doubly watched , together withlhe importance of the mission , inspired the two ladies with the adventurous idea of undertaking the journey , and executing the commission themselves . The ' scruples of their guest were removed by the force of circumstances : the same night he returned , and at an early hour the following morning these two delicate ladies set out on foot , clad as peasant-women , on their way to Pressburg . Two days and three nights lasted this wearisome journey , which at ^ other times , with their fine horses , they would have accomplished in a few hours . Frequently they had to climb steep mountain paths , to avoid the piquet of an Austrian outpost ; and when ,

      exhausted by fatigne , they reached the spot where they had expected to find an open path , they descried in the distance a horse patrol of the enemy , and had to crouch down half the night in a thicket almost dead with fatigue , tormented with hunger , in nervous dread of discovery , shivering on the damp ground in the forests—two noble , rich , proud ladies of Hungary . One moment was the most dreadful of all . They had , in the darkness of night , entered theborderof a thicket , without observing a post of the enemy which was on watch there . Suddenly they hear , not far off , a voice— ' Who goes there V then a gain , and yet a third time . In alarm thcyretrcat behind sometrees—a flash startles them at scareelv fiftv paces distance—a shot—a rustling

      in the branches—the whistling of a musket ballthen cries , exclamations , the ' steps of men close to them . The yonnger countess had sunk fainting on the ground ; and her sister , who believed her struck dead , fell on her knees in despair . beside her . To this circumstance they owed their safety ; the low bushes between ; the slender stems of the trees concealed them from , the observation of the soldiers in search , who with lanterns were scouring the thicket and firing at random . It was not until af ter ari hour of unspeakable anguish that the sisters recovered strength . to steal baek again . The following evening they reached Pressburg in safety , and were there concealed by a female friend , who

      sympathised with them . * * The following night they slept in Vienna , in the apartment of a student , to whom they had been referred from Pressburg . The young man , happy in being able to shelter two of , the noblest ladies of his country , took charge of their despatches , aiid , like a faithful guardian , slept through the night outside the door ot their room . The despatches were written in the language of the country , - provided with the great seal of tbe government , and destined to be transmitted to the Ministers of France , and England . These noble ladies journeyed by Odenburg back to their quiet valley on the Waiig , where they remained until the conclusion of the- war . '

      Nor were they only the inferior agents of the statesman -who found themselves in these romantic and perilous positrons . The reader will remember that when Prince TVindichgratz arrived in Pesth , few persons in England expected the Magyar struggle- to be renewed . Of the west of Hungary , Comorn only held out ; and the agents of Vienna almost persuaded the commander of that fortress to surrender on the ground thai the war -was ended . It was thought impossible

      for Kossuth to communicate with the garrison ; bnt as soon as the armies began their movements from Debreczin , he appointed our countryman , General Guyon , to the command , with orders to get to his post in the best way be could . An absurd story was told at the time in all the German and English newspapers , to the effect ) that at the head of a dozen hussars , he fought his way through all the beleaguering armies of Austria . The real facts are given by M .. Schlesinger as follows : — '¦ ¦ ¦¦ ¦ '•¦

      A dirty-looking Jew , in a torn shabby coat , an old hat , and with uncombed hair , is seen wandering up and down one street after another at B ; ija , and inquiring - for a cheap conveyance to carry him . to Konyhad . The Jew , according to ancient custom , wears ostentatiously over his coat a jacket yellowed with age : at his back he carries a box containing matches , needles , and shoe-blacking—the portable booth out of which he has to get his livelihood , and whose contents he offers for sale to the passers-by with greedy importunity . One man snubs him and buys a pennyworth of some , article ; a second purchases nothing , but takes the liberty of bestowing on him some abusive epithet ; the village boys , just broken loose from school , where they have been

      reading of the sufferings and meekness of Christ , vent their wrath on the accursed race by pelting the unhappy Jew with dirt ; nay , even the dogs in the street seem to know the Paria , and run barking round hini . Last of all , a troop of Croat soldiers , reeling out of a tavern , plunder his store of blacking , and in their drunken wantonness fall to blackening the feet of St . Keponiuk , who stands under the two white poplars . Fortunately a clergyman , chancing to pass that way , takes the poor pedlar to his vicarage , to shelter-him from ill-treatment . The name of this kind Samaritan we know not , but we remember the name of the Jew—it has an outiandish sound—Guyon ue Gey , Baron of Pamplun . The high-born Briton had adopted this disguise not

      without reason . The pedlar has at all times the privilege of roving through field and forest , village and toivn ; and of all the various languages spoken between the Leytha and the Maros , Guyon was acquainted with none except the dialect of the Polish Jews . He was a perfect master of this language , in which respect , as well as in personal' bravery , he had no equal among the Austrian officers except Count Scblik . This General gained his knowledge of orental languages from his long residence in Galicia , where intercourse with the Jews i 3 as indcspensable to existence as the air to breathing . Probably Guyon likewise , during his service in the Imperial aimv , bad been in garrison thero long

      enough to be able now to try his band in the character of a Jewish pedlar . How far Guyon tra veiled about in this disguise , remains a secret with himself ; bnt the skill and success with which he acted his part are proved by his safe arrival at Comoi-n . ' The story of hi * having , with twelve Hussars , fought his way through the midst of the investing corpg of the enemy , is a mere fable . People are never at a loss when itventing marvellous stones of their favourite heroes , and there was no enterprize of danger andheroism whichthe Hussars ' 58 not ready to attribute to Guyon . Guyon ' s f"fc ^ rance in the fortress , the fame 4 icb had preceded him , h ; s resolute character , together - with the accounts he - gave of the enemj's positions ,

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      of the general enthusiasm of the country and " the in creased strength of the Magyar army , of Gorgey , Bern , and Kossutb , restored the confidence- of the officers in the garrison . ¦•• ¦ ' ¦ •• ¦ ¦ - ' Prom this scene yre pass ' ., towards the mournful conclusion of these high hopes and heroic efforts . , The overpowering forces of Russia have succeeded—Gorgey has given up to despair the last hopes of Hungary the hangman Haynau , is at his work . — . .. ' On the 6 th of October thirteen generals and staff officers were executed . . Four of these- heroia men met their end at daybreak , 'the commutation of their . ' sentence to . ' . ' powder and lead"l exempting

      them from the anguish of witnessing the death of their companions-in-arms . Amongst the rest was Ernest Kiss . His brother had become insane after Gorgey ' 8 treaohery ; his cousin had fallen , a second Leonidas , in the defence of the Rothenthura-Pass ; he . himself , the .. richest landed .. proprietor- in . the Banat , ' whose hospitable castle Was all the year round filled" with Austrian ; cavaliere and officers , was on the 6 th of October sentenced to death by the Austrian court-martial } on which sat many of the former partakers of his hospitality . Bis friends at Vienna had interceded to save his life ,- but ' in vain . ! He died a painful death ; the Austrian soldiers who were ordered to carry the sentence into effect , and

      who for a whole year had faced the fire of the Hungarian artillery , trembled before their defenceless victim : three separate volleys were fired before Kiss fell-rhis death " . struggles lasted full ten minutes . The report of the firing was heard in the caBtle , were those officers sentenced to be hung were preparing for death ; Polteriberg had been in a profound sleep , and startled ,, as he told the Austrian officer , -byr-the first .-rvolley , he had jumped out of bed . -The unhappy . man had . been . dreaming that he was in the face of the enemy , and heard the firing of alarm signals at his outposts r- ^ fcwas the summons from the grave . At . six . o ' clock in the morning , the condemned ' officers were led to the

      place of execution . Old Aulicn died first : he was the most advanced in years , and the court-martial seemed thus to respect the natural privilege of age . Distinguished by his zeal and efforts in the cause of his country , more than by . the-success which attended them , Aulich was . inferior to many of his comrades in point . of talent ; but in , uprightness and strength of character , none surpassed him . Count Lemingen was the third in succession , and tho youngest . An opportunity had . been offered him late on the preceding evening of escaping by flight ; but he ; would not separate his fate from that of his brother-in-law , who . was a prisoner in the fortress . His youth , perhaps , inspired him

      with a desire of giving to his elder companions in sorrow around him an example , of heroic stoicism in death ; and , on reaching the place of execution , he exclaimed , with melancholy humour , They ought at least ! to have treated us to a breakfast ! - One of the guard of soldiers compassionately handed him his wine-flask . * Thank you , my friend , ' said the young general , ' . I want no wine to give me courage , —bring me a glass of water . ' He then wrote on his knee ' with a . pencil the following farewell words to his brother-inlaw . ' The shots which this morning laid my poor comrades low still resound in my ears , and before me hangs the body of Aulich on tho gallows . In

      thia solemn moment when I muat prepare to appear before my Creator , I once more protest againRt the charges of cruelty at the taking of Biida , which an infamous slanderer has raised against me . On the contrary , I have , on all occasions , ' protected the Austrian .-prisoners . I commend to you my poor Liska , and my two children . I die for a causo which always appeared to me just and holy . If in happier dayB ( my friends ever desire to avenge my death , let them reflect , that humanity is the best political wisdom . As for " . * * hero the hangman interrupted him : it was time to die . Torok , Labner , Poltenberg , Nagy , Sandor , Knezich , died one after the other . Tecsey was the last ; perhaps they wished by this nine-fold aggravation of his

      torments , to make him suffer for ; the destruction caused by his cannon at Temesvar . Damianich preceded him . The usual dark colour of his large features was heightened- by rage and impatience . Hi 3 view had neyer . extended further than the glittering point of his heavy sabre ; this was the star which he had followed throughout life ; but now he saw whither it had conducted him , and impatiently he exclaimed , when limping up to the gallow 3 ; Why is that I , who have always been foremost to face the enemy ' s fire , must hero be the last ? ' The deliberate slowness of the work of butchery seemed to disconcert him more , than the approach of death , which he had defied in a hundred battles , This terrible scene lasted from six until nine o ' clock . "

      A good deal of space is given by M . Schlesinger to a developement of the characters of the good genius and the evil one of tho struggle— -Kossuth and Grorgey . Count Pulszky also furnishes a separate biography of the general . Their estimates , taken from entirely different points of view , are not incompatible . They both acquit him of the charge of having sold his country for gold . They cannot forget that he is an Hungarian . They attribute his treachery simply to the envy of Kossuth ; a passion which they think became powerful enough , to induce him 'to ' - disregard' his own

      fair fame , ' his country s rights , and the lives of his companions in glory , to the prompting of a remorseless vanity ! - He would not be second to the man whom history will pronounce to be immeasurably his superior . This view of his character and case we find it difficult to adopt . While Poltenberg , ( who loved hini ) and Damianich and Vecsey lie in dishonoured graves , —and while Kossuth , who raised him from an obscure" position to the highest rank , languishes in a foreign , prison , — lie lives , a guest , op the Austrian soil , and is rewarded with a pension by the Viennese government This ' fact involves the whole moral of his

      Story . ...- " : : .. ¦;• : Hungary and Europe have pronounced upon these two men . Kossuth in a dungeon is still a power ; the hearts and the hopes of his couutrymen are still ' with ; him in his exile . Should events lead to fresh changes in the east , says M .. Schlesinger , "Kossuth will re-enter his country , hailed with a welcome such as no man on earth has ever received from a nation . "

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      disappointed in ^ thespecf ^ HsieolIeetflil iri ^ ne present publication . , 17 etMst limit ourselves to a brief extract 6 r ; tw 6 . ' Tfee folWingis in the author Brhappiegt vein — , J , ..

      T TH . "T ' lSr THE DUNdBBK ' ' ; f ¦ TTnffl - dungeongrew JifS P'n . Hnoheeredbydew ; ' Its pallid leaflets only drank . . . ¦ Cave-moistures foul , and odours dank . ? hl th J ° n gh t ? le owngeoriigrating higbr There fell a sunbeam from the sky ; ' ' It slept uponthe grateful floor -: - . . . in silent gladness evermore . : Thelvy ieitatremoriBhoot " - ¦ HY ' 3 KW * 11 itdfibres to ther <> ofc i ' ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ It felt the light s it saw theray , ¦¦ . ¦; it strove to blossom into day . . , ' .

      i It reached the beam-. it thrilled—it curledi l , blessed the w « mth that-cheers the world ; ,- : It rose towards the dungeon bars— ^ It looked upon the sun and stars . It fertile life of bursting Spring , - - It heard-tho happy sky-lark sing . i : ' , It caught the breath of morns and eves , And wooed the sWallow to its leaves . By rains , and dews , and sunshine fed : . Over the outer wall it spread ; ;¦; . < And in the daybeam waving free , It grew into a steadfast tree . In a different atyle , but not less pleasant in its way , is ¦ , -. . . : ' ; ' , ¦' . ' ' . .. , . ' .,. ' . ' .

      ¦ THE SECRET OP SUCCKSSFUt LYING . Build aJie-iyes , build a lie , ' ' " A large one- ^ -be not over tender ; : Give it a form , and raise it high , , . ¦ That all the ' world may see its splendour '; t Then Jaunch . it like a mighty ship ,. '• ' i . On the restless sea of men ' s opinion , ? . 'Aiid tho . ship shall sail before the " gale * " -. \ 'i Endued with motion ' and dominion /¦•"• ' : ' ¦ ¦

      ^ ¦ - •¦;¦; ' ¦• :: 7 v ' -i ¦••¦ ¦>¦ ' ¦¦¦ , ¦ !¦ - <¦ ¦• : . . ; Though Btorras may batter it eyerniore , " : i Though anery lightnings flash around it , Thouffh whirlwinds rave , an d whirlpools roar , To overwhelm and to confound it , ' The ship shall ride , all wrath Of time . ; And hostile elements defying ' : ¦ ''' ' ¦ ' Tho winds of Truth are doubtless strong , , But great ' s the buoyancy of Jying .

      And though the ship grow old . at last , Leaky , and ¦ water-lojigea ' ; and crazy , Yet still the hulk endures the . blast , ; ¦¦ - - ;• : And fears no weather , rough or hazy ; . For sbould she sinkj she'll rise again , ; - ¦ - ¦ . ; . ¦ No strength her rotten planks shall sever : , Give her bnt size , and the wcrst of lies , ¦ ¦ ' . , May float above the world for ever . 1

      ? . „ -, Leisure Moments . -. ' A ] Monthly Journal of Popular , Domestic , Re cfealiv . e , \ Philoso-. phical and Hygienic Literature . "Edited by ' . E . J . Culvei'well , M . D ., Argyll-place , Re-• gent-street , London . . . - < ..-. _ -. - ' ¦ : This is a very long title , but it fully explains the nature and objects of I ? r . . CulverweH ' s periodical , which is written in a gossippy arid entertaining style , and is sufficiently variedin its contents . The opening article oa the ¦ " Lalcesof Killarney , " appears to be all that

      is needed in the way of a hand-book for inr tending visitors to that most beautiful of Irish scenery ; and at this holiday ¦ : season , when all who have a little time and money to spare , are turning their backs upon crowded towns insGarch of fresh aiiV change of scene , ' and health , such a cheerful communicative guide as ; the editor , at a cheap price , ought . to be duly appreciated . He evidently has a much better opinion of . the , " Hygienic virtues of generous diet , '' arid , plenty ' of healthful exercise in the open air amidst pleasant scenery , than all the contents of the pharmaebpeeia . " '

      Untitled Article

      : ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INS ^ TITUTION . : A new mode of propulsion is daily demonstrated at tho ' above-nained establishment ,: which , under this title of the Noya Motive , consists of a sei'ies of carriages travelling ' along with their rown motion , in tho form of a tube , which is floxible and airtight . This tube has a series of slide valves , entirely under the cure of a guard , who , by levers , has perfect control over his train . Along the . "whole . lino of rairway is laid a pipe , in connexion \ vjth _ which a Beries of pistons are fixed between the rails intended to receive the tube above mentioned in its passage . In these . pi ' storis / are atmospheric valves , opening

      into , the fixed j > ipe ,. \ vhich . is ' always kept exhausted , so that when the train passes over the pistons the slide valves in the tube are . opened by . means of . inclined planes communicating with other levers , which levers -are raised' upon the train passing . The almosphere . existing in the tube , consequently rushes from the tube to supply the vacuum , and the train is impelled by cxternaratmospherio . pressure , The inventor , Mr . Weston , with several other practical mechanics , formed' into a ; society called the "Inventors' Protection Society , " has executed the illustration of a system by which the inventor states that a great saving may be accomplished .

      Untitled Article

      • .: ¦ . ¦ —¦ : - ^ Sb- ; Stars ' for Ireland . TO TnE EDITOR OF-TUE NOHTHERN STAR . Dear Sin , —As the Irish people , everywhere , are beginning to think likomcn ,. ' and to put faith in principles , but none , thank God , in loud talking patriots ; and as I am most , anxiously desirous to lend them a helping hand , may I request that you will have the kindness to publish this . note in next Saturday ' s Starj in order that some of . your subscribers may send their Stars- to the undernamed parties . Those who do send should mention it in the Star of the ; following . week , ¦ lest too many should bo sent to ono place . It would be well to send the paper as clean as possible ,-as tho parties here Imve all coffee rooms / viz .: —Mr . D Murphy , Roundwopd , Newtown , Mount Kennedy ; Mr . R . i . Stovonson ,. ditto ; Mr , John M'Clemerits , MounS . Kennedy ;• Mr . P . Moran , Atfoi-d ,. County Wicklow ; Mr . Bouvke ' s Hotel , Athldne ; Mr . Isaac ; Moore , William-street / Limerick ; . The Bmen Head' Ilotel , Bridge-street , Dublin ; The Provincial Hotel , Dublin . . . . <

      I shall send you additional names next weeki In the meantime .. ' ....: lam , truly your 9 , . ' , . ••;• : ' - 1 :. -- .. .. PairiciIjO'IIigoiss . Roundwood , Nowtbwn , Mount Kennedy , . : Countv Wicklow . . ¦ ..

      Untitled Article

      Scenes and Life in . > California . —Mr ., John Whitford . jun . j a gentleman recently engaged , as a clerk in tho service of Mr . William Laird , a Liverpool merchant , in a letter written to that gentleman i-om San Francisco , gives some' interesting details concerning California , . and its strange medly of inhabitants . The wafttiy he says , at San Francisco and Sacramento city is very bad : it-is taken about in carts , arid sold at one rial ( 12 J" cents ) per bucket ' - ful ; it causes the , diarrhoea ) . as he supposes , on account " of its mineral qualities ' . ; , He oxpresses an opinion , "that , in . thecourse of a few years , all tho gold regions in .: California will be : bought from the United States government by . largo capitalists ,

      tvotks will bo erected for washing tho gold wholesale , and men employed .-it high wages , and that this country will flourish so long / as the gold lasts ; and it seems to be inexhaustible ^ for I have never yet washed a panful of dirt in theso mountains without finding some specks of gold . Sickness , also , is a great drawback . I would not advise any ono to leave £ 100 in England , with all tho comfort and case of a good house , for California , If even they were to make 5 , 000 dollars here . , No one likes this country ; all come with the intention of making money and going home again ; very few intend to settle , for it will never bo an agricultural country , except on tho banks of the principal rivers . The stylo of dress is pretty much the same all over the

      country ; red ' flannel shirts , belt with knife , . ind pistols , and mining boots pulled over the trowsors , and a straw hat with a wide rim . San Francisco city is about one mile and a half broad and two milos long . ¦ It is most ci- ' owded at the waters edge . Piles are driven into tho beach , and any quantity of house 8 builtonthem . Several ships are run ashore , their masts , &e ., cut away , and two or thvee stories built abovo the deck ; a first-riito house ismadeout of a ship . Hundreds of fine ships are lying at anchor , -entirel y deserted ; eorne sink- at their anchors for want of pumping . San . Francisco is very unhealthy , on account , I suppose , of the cold north-westers that blow every atternoon . Saevamento city is a most unhoalthv place , because it is

      built on a plain below the level of the river ; the stonoh from the offal , dead bullocks , &o ., lying in the streets , is Bickening . There are some hundreds of Indians camped all round us in the woods ; several come through the towns every day . They are a miserable set of follows , and all carry a bow and arrows , Their dress jb an old shirt , tied with a string or belt round the waste . They are frightened of a white man with a gun , but they are sly assassins when they , have the chance . _ An Indian seen at most of the mines is shot down without hesitation . It is a diffloult matter here tore-Strain old millers from shooting them as they come through the valley . People that die at the mines are buried on the tops of the neighbouring hills . It is astonishing to see the number of grflYOS on some ' hills . ¦¦ ¦ ¦ . . . .. - .. :

      Untitled Article

      Peace is the evening star of the soul , as virtue is Its sun ; and the two are never far apart . '' . ' . .. "¦ _ / . Virtue forgives injury , even as the sandal tree perfumes the hatchet that fells it . —Indian Maxim . . It I 5 ' merit ;' and not title , says a' writer , which gives importance . It is usefulness , and not grandeur , which makes the world happy . The . First Chinke Newspapbh . ^ - A newspaper is now printed in China ,, called the T / sJan Monitor . It is in the- Chinese language , and is the first paper ever published in the celestial empire . An honest Dutch farmer thus writes to the chairman of the Massachusetts Agricultural Society : —" Gentlemen , —Please to put me' 4 Wn on your list of cattle for a bull . ' v ' . '

      The Baptists have in the Island of Jamaica thirty-five thousand church members ; the Methodists twenty-four thousand . The number of children in schools is estimated at . 'forty thousand . At » Exchange paper says : — " When you see a gentleman at midnight , sitting on the step in front of his house , combing his hair with the door scraper , you may conclude he has been out at an evening party . " ¦ . A lawtbk got into a war of words with another member of the bar , and knocking him down , re marked , " I'll make you behave like- a gentleman , you scoundrel !" ., " No , you won't '" cried the other , spitefully—" no ; never ! I'defy you ! You can't doit ! " . - ¦ ¦ The Hobart Town Britannia , of the 14 th of March , says , " We regret exceedingly to learn from an authentic source that Mr . O'tfrien is suffering , severely , both mentally and personally , from his banishment to Maria Island . " '

      A Charm for WARTS . —In some parts of Ireland , especially towards the south , they place great faith in the following charm : —Whert a funeral is passing by , they rub the warts and say- three times , "May these warts and this corpse pass away arid never more return ; " sometimes adding , "in the name of the Father ,. Son , and Holy Ghost . —Notes and Qvitries , •• '¦ ¦ . '•<¦ '¦ - ¦ ¦ ¦ ' ' ¦¦' ¦ . >• , ¦ . / . ; . ' , ; ' .- ' ^ . v , Stuange SuPEHSTiTioN .-iOife of the villagers of Warwick , in this country , ^ ied lately , and it was proposed to inter his remains in the neighbouring , churchyardi' An elderly . matron , a relation of deceased , objected to this , and . insisted that he should be . jburied . in . the . churchyard of his native parish . On . being . interrogated as to the ' reason of this objection , she replied , that none of his relatives or acquainancea were buried in Warwick churchyard , and if his remains were deposited there , there would be '' nae kent faces at the resurrection ?"Carlisle Journal , x ' ¦ ' ¦ ' ' ¦ ' ¦ .- . ¦ .. ¦ - ¦¦¦

      BRAGGiNG .-f- " I understand , Mr . ; Jones , that you can turn anything neater than any man in this town . "—" Yea , Mr . Smith , I said so . "— "Well , Mr , Jones , I don't like to brag , but there is no man on earth that can turn a thing as well as I can whittle it . "— " Poh ! nonsense , Mr . Smith , talk about your whittling ; what can you whittle as well as I can turn it ? " "Anything , everything , Mr .. Jones ' . Just name the article that I . can ' t . whittle , that you can tunwnd I will give' you a dollar if Idon't do it to the satisfaction of all these gentlemen present . '' — "Well , Mr . Smith , suppose we take two grindstones , just for trial ; you may whittle ,, and I will turn . "—Mr . Smith slid .

      Abook on Europe , " as seen bya Candyman , " has just been published in America by . one Mr . Jervis , the son or husband of the celebrated " candy " manufacturer . Describing what be saw in Kensington-gardens , his remarks , "On the inteDseiy green and velvety English grassiyou see the squarebuilt ^ xereised-ohest-developed'unsoeiable- prejudieed-good-lnoking-substantial-slow-arid-sure-untastefulno-humbug - French -hating- comfort - loving-Timesreading Englishman , walking through an avenue of English oaks and ,. elm trees , which his' greatgrandfather has possibl y made love under many years ago . " " - - ..- , ' ' ' r ' Fertility of -ENGLAVD .- ^ -Some papiirs write ' as if

      our soil were exhausted or inadequate to the . support of the population . 'Various estimates have been made of its capabilities . Bishop Watson , who made the lowest , said if ' was enpable ; of supporting 30 , 000 . 000 , the Earl of Lauderdale . l 80 ( OOP , 000 ' and Mr . Alison , the eminent writer / 1 estimated it at 120 , 000 , 000 . ' Fleming , in'his . statistics , calculated the waste but cultivated lands at nearly 15 , 000 , 000 of acres . If only G 75 . 000 of these acres were ) when cultivated , capable of yieldinsr thirty bushels an acrefj they would give a total of IS . 'S'SS ^ OO quarters , or a sufficient quantity of . bread to sustain one-third of the . whole of our population . . . . " . ''"'

      MARniAGE in China : —There are no . Chinese customs so little unuerstood as- their marriages ; thus we often hear of the number of a Chinaman ' s wives , while , in reality , he has but one wife , the remainder being handmaids or companions ; among the mandarins and wealthy classes , a wife is . always chosen from their own sphere of life , tho marriage ceremony'is celebrated with solemn rites , ' and ' she takes her husband ' s name . The marriage , tie can only be dissolved by the husband , for one of seven causes , amongst which may be mentioned disobedience tohimself or parents , talkativeness , thieving , ill-temper , ' and inveterate infirmities ; although the wife , should beffound Iguilty of any or all of these offences , ' yet she cannot be divorced if she lias mourned for her husband ' s parents , if property has been acquired since their marriage , or if her parents . are dead . —China and the Chinese by Henry Charles Sirr . - ' . - > ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ , ¦ - : : ¦ ... ; .

      A Village Solomon . —A few days ago some of the inhabitants complained to the . may 01 of Malicorne , near Commentry , department of the Nievre , that their geese had been stolen bya dealer ; but as he had mixed them ' with a flock of his own , it was impossibletp recognise them . Thereupon the mayor , a shrewd peasant , solemnly ordered all ' the geese to be place in caris , some little distance from the village . . The villagers wondered greatly what this could mean , and ventured to mutter suspicion of the mayor's . wisdom and probity , but the functionary

      took ho notice of these ' remarks and stalked solemnly off with the ciivtsj Arrivedat the spot lie had . indicated , hecried to the drivers to " . Stop ! " and . then , with great dignity , added , " Now let loose the ' geese ; those that hayebeen stolen will make their way back , to their . masters' farm yards , ' those 'that belong to the dealer wiU ' remaln . " This was done , ' and Jo I as the village Solomon . had said , the stolen geese , waddled gravely homewards , to the astonishment of the * villagers . The . dishonest dealer . was arrested . — Galiqiiani . ' ¦ '¦ '¦ ; - . !¦ .. ' . . .,.: lhe six

      . A PRrsoNSKETCit . —purin ^ first wpeks-the sound bf . 'tjia felons' chains , ' niixed with what' I took for horrid execrations or despairing laughter ,, was never out of my ears . When I : went' into thoiafirniary , which stood between the gaol and prison walls , gallowses were occasionally pujb in order by the side of my windows , and afterwards set up over the prison cates , where they remained visible . The keeper , one day , with an air of mystery , took me into the upper ward , for the purpose , he said , of gratifying me with a view of the country from the roof . Something prevented his showing me this , but the spectacle be did show me I shall never forget . It was a stout country gii'l , sitting in an absorbed manner , her eyes Sxed on the fire . She was handsome , and had a little hectic

      spot in either cheek , the effect of some gnawing emotion , He told me in a whisper , that she wns there for the murder of her 'bastard child . , 1 could have knocked- the' fellow . \ d 6 wii' ! for | his urifeelingtiess' in making a show of her ; but ' , after all ,, she did riot see us . She heeded us not .. There was no object before her 1 , but what produced the spot on her cheek . The gallows on whfoh she was executed must have been brought out . within her hearing " : but , ; perhaps , she heard that a 3 little . ' . To relieve the reader ' s feelings , I will here give him ahothor instance of the . delicacy , of my friend the under gaoler . He used always- to carry up the food . to this nooi girl himself , because , as he said , he did not think it a . fit-task for younger men . —Leigh Hunt ' s AnibMpgraphyir ¦ "' " ' ¦ -

      A Fbast of Snails . —The chemical philosophers ,. Dr . Black and Dr . Hutton , were particular friends , though there was' something extremely opposite in the external appearance and manner . Dr .. Blao . lt spoke with the English pronouaciation , with punctilious accuracy . of expression , both in pointofmatter and manner . The geologist vias the very reverse of this . His' conversation was' conducted- in broad phrases , expressed with a broad scotch accent , whicli often heightened the humaur of what he said . " It chanced that the two doctors had hel < 3 ; some discourse together upon the folly of abstaining from feeding on the testaceoas creatures , of the land , while those of thesea were considered as . deliceioies ,. W , feerelore , not eat snails ? They nre well known to be nutritious

      and whol « some , even sanative in some cases . The epicures of oklcn ttmes enumsrated agiong their , richest and raciest delicacies the snails , which wers fed in the marble quavries c ? Lucca . The Italians still hold them ia esteem . In shori it was determined that a grastrononyc experiment should be nude at the expense of tha snails . The snails ; were procured , dieted for a » ii » e , and stewed for the-bfineflt of the two philosophers , who had either incited no gaest to tU » ir banquet , or found none who lelislied , in prospect , the piectde reeistavse , A hu £ « dish of snails was placed before them i but philosophers ' are . but mori af : er all ' s and the stomachs of both the ' do ^ tors began to revolt against the ' propose ' j experimeat . Nevertheless , iJ they looked with disgust on the

      snails , they retained their awe for each other ; sathat each , containing the symptoms of internal revolt peculiar to himself , began , with infinite exwtion , to swallow in very small quantities , the mesa which he internally loathed . Dr . Black , at length , " showed ihe white feather , " but in a very delicate manner , as if to sound the opinion of his messmate . ' * Doctor , " he said , in hia precise and quiet manner , '" Doctor do you not think they taste a little , ' a very little , green ? ' » "D-d green , d-d green , indeed ; tak them uwa , tak them awa , " vociferated Dr . Hutton , starting up from tho table , and giving full vent to his feelings of abhorrepce . And so ended all hopes of introducing snails into the modern cuisine , and thus philosophy oau no more cure a . nausea than honour can set a broken limb . : ¦

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      Egeria , or the Spirit of Nature ; and other Poems . ' By Charles Mackay . London : Boguei : 1850 . :. ' ., , ; In a well-written prefatory essay , Dr . Mackay combats the dogma that modern science arid material prosperity have killed poetry . Of the first he says , ' " Science is the nursing mother of poetry , whspahows it whither to fly , and to what g lprious regions toiturn in search of new inspiration . " Even ; Utilitarianism , in its widest sense , as he contends , " by no means excludes the qrnainentalj " - and at once acknowledges and satisfies "the cravings of tho mind and fancy , as well as those of the body .

      The question ,, after all , is to be settled by example rather than precept . There are welllniown harmonies in our' present author's former works , worthily companioned by some few in this new volume , whichhave done more to settle in the affirmative the existence of a real poetic spirit in the heart of this nineteenth century than could be accomplished by reams of argument . But while conceding the perennial existence of poetry , and its infinite adaptability to every form and habitude of associated humanity , we may reserve a doubt whether certain embodiments of the poetic element are not unfitted for certain eras of social and

      national existence . Like man himself , though careering round a longer cycle , successive developements of civilisation pass through their periods of youth , of vigour , and of decay , and require to have the food for their fancy changed quite as much as the exercises for their strength , or the checks for their eccentricities . These are not timeB for the longer and statelier developements of poetry . The atmosphere is too perturbed—readers too busy—the spiritof combativene ' ss too general . TurniDg , however , from these speculations to the volume before us , we find Dr . Maekay confessing , in fact , whatever theory he may urge , that the new era is not grown beyond

      the age of ballad-singing . Glorious ballads , moreover , are those he has given us , here and heretofore . Earnest in purpose , striving , healthy in tone , breathing energy and endurance in every cadence , his brief poems are true inspiration , spoken by a seer who knows the existing spirit and wants of humanity . And mingled with these sterner notes are the tones of tenderer passions , and the affluence of natural beauties and harmonies , which teach use that now , as in Paradise of old ^ love is the help-meetest for strength . But we have not now to tell , or our readers to hear , for the first time of the characteristics of Dr . Mackay s muse . Suffice it to say , that they will not be

      9s J^Ysical ;Disqualificati0n3, Generative Incapacity ,^And Impediments To Marriage. -

      9 S j ^ ySICAL ; DISQUALiFICATI 0 N 3 , GENERATIVE INCAPACITY , ^ AND IMPEDIMENTS TO MARRIAGE . -

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Sept. 14, 1850, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1591/page/3/