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Northern Star (1837-1852), 10th August 1850, Edition 1 of 3, Page unpag, Untitled Article

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    • 1 TAMABLE FBEEMD ESWK.
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      Untitled Article

      fCwtf-A& ^^ ifrm the OaforMiti Papsn . ) TO SMALLCAHTlSbs AUD OTHKRS . Minster Lovel , near "Witney , Oxfordshire . TO BE SOLD BY ATJCTIONj , .. ' \ .. B 1 JIB . LONG , . CnSaturday , the . 31 st day of August , 1850 , ¦ ¦ '¦ " AT THE STAB HOTEL , OXFOKD , At Three o ' clock , in the Afternoon , IN EIGHTY-FOUR LOTS , WF < VRT ) ER OFTHE MORTttAGKEH .

      ^ Pleasantly and advantageousl y situated in the village of Minster Lovel , in the - county of Oxford , in the vicinity of the following excelient market towns , namely : —Witney three muea ; Burford , fourrafles ; Woodstock eight miles ; Oxford , thirteen miles ; and Farring-« dpn , twelve miles ; jmd distant from Cheltenham , twenty-five miles .

      Comprising about 297 acres of superior land , principally arable , and a great portion ¦ of it in a high state of cultivation ; together -with ei ghty-two excellent cottages , of three , 4 bur , and more rooms each , and oufc-offices , the yrhole of them built in a very superior manner , in stone , with slated roofs , &c ., and conveiliently fitted up for immediate occupation , -each cottage being situate and standing upon sa allotment of two , three , or four acres . Also , an excellent homestead and labourer ' s cottage , - and suitable agricultural buildings .

      The estate was formerly the property of John "Walker , Esq ., deceased , and was farmed by him for some time , and two or three . years since was purchased for . the - purpose of allofe mf ^ ij ^^ ca ^^ f ^ r - ^^^ ^^^ : -cottages on the Estate are very pleasantly aha . advantageously placed , as to frontage , &c , -and tne whole property presents a very agree-¦ able and picturesque appearance ' ; and most of the allotments having been occupied and under culture , chiefly by the spade , for some tune , the soil is greatly improved , as is evidenced l > y the superior crops produced at the present -time . The greater number of the persons HOW ^ occupying porUona of the property are under compulsory terms to quit and , surrender up

      -their respective allotments immediatel y , unless -the purchasers of one or more lots are willing io accept them as tenants ; and some-others lold until about November next ; possession -of the lots in their occupation cannot , therefore , be given immediately . It is proposed to -offer the ori ginal homestead , labourers' cottages , and farm buildings , with about tw . enty--five acres of excellent meadow laud , partly watered by the river Windrush , ( an excellent # 6 ui Stream ) , in one lot The high road from Oxford to Cheltenham tuns through part of ¦ the property , affording capital frontages to : snany of the cottages ; and most of the others -front the public road , running through and -dividing the larger portion of the property . leading from the Oxford road to Brizenorton .

      "Within a short distance of the estate is the -forest of Wychwood , over which there is an ¦ unlimited ri ght of common . There is also plenty of good building , paving , andlime-Btone -on the estate . The whole will be Sold b y Auction , without reserve , in numerous lots , affording to small -capitalists , and other persons , an opportunity of possessing a Freehold Estate , and votes for ike County , wnich seldom presents itself ; and to the monied man an advantageous mode -of investment , as there cannot be a doubt of the allotments' finding ready tenants to pay a good interest for the money invested .

      Foil particulars and plans of the Estate anay be obtained from the Mortgagees , Mr . Weaving , corn merchant , Oxford } and Mr . W . Pinuock , of Chimney , near Bampton , * Oxon . ; Elijah Litchfield , Esq ., solicitor , 89 , CJhancery-lane , London ; Messrs . Lee and IBees , solicitors , "Witney ; at the Bull Inn , Burford ; the Bear Lin , Woodstock ; Crown , Abingdon ; King ' s Arms , Bicester ; Buck -and Bell , and at the Guardian Office , Banboxy ; Three Cups Inn , and place of sale , Oxford ; at the Midland Counties Herald Office , Birmingham : and of the Auctioneer , ^ Witney .

      Untitled Article

      "MURDER WILL OUT !" TO THE PEOPIiE OF ENGLAND . My Fbiesds , I had not time last week to comment : upon my question put to G 00 DEN 0 U 6 H HAYTER , on Thursday night week / relative to his conduct as chairman of the Committee appointed to inquire into my conduct as ; proponnder of the NATIONAL LAND SCHEME . I had not time , as the question vas put on Thursday night , and the first edition of the " Northern Star " is printed on ihat night . However , now I shall do so .

      * ext week ! shall gfo the reader a fair desenpfaon of the present state of France , and avsassia : " **^ YourFaithfuland Un compromisuig Friend , * eabgus O'Conhob . m

      I have stated the persecution to wnich my ¦ father , and my exiled uncle , Arthur O'Connor , have been subjected , for having the manliness and courage to advocate the people ' s -cause ; I have stated that John McCuliOUGH , my father ' s steward , -was offered 5001 . -a year and a commission in the army , if he "would give such evidence as would cause my . father ' s death ; I have stated that Peter Hazes , an old stone-mason , was also offered -a handsome fortune , if he would do the same ; and that Gilbert , a government officer , was -offered a reward of 500 / ., if he would perjure limself to secure my father ' s execution ; and "that Hebebt , a French prisoner of war , was offered a free pardon and a reward , if he would -do likewise . ¦

      Beddy , who was incarcerated for four years , stated at a meeting at Ashton , that he was offered a handsome salary by the Bradford Magistrates , and a . free pardon , if he would swear against me ; but , as life can only be a secondary consideration to a man of honour , I must now call your attention to the -rile , the atrocious , the abominable and villanous conduct of GOODENOUGH HAYTER-a member of HER

      MAJESTY'S GOVERNMENT . This fellow was appointed Chairman of the Land Committee . He wa 3 the JUDGE-ADVOCATE—a just one , of course ; and the duty of a Judge is to secure a fair and impartial inquiry into the case which he is appointed to hear aad judge upon . He should be impartial , and should give the accused the benefit of any doubt that may exist or arise ; the investigation should be _ ppen . But what do you think of this Government official admitting that he

      paid A SECRET SPY MONEY OUT OF HIS OWN POCKET toseeureMY CONVICTION ? What , I say , must those out of ¦ whose pockets such a ruffian is paid by a Minister of the Government , think of such an trocious act ? And what must they think of Hau 36 of Commons , professing to represent Miem , not censuring such an act ? However , fins pious juggler in Flemish , Belgian , and fnghsh Railways , may rest assured that I uave not yet done with him . I do not think tfcat the people , if fairly represented , would auow such a monster to sit in Parliament . u * i \ ^ the ** " * of the "Man-? WHlfTLPR ftlfe PP ° rter 5 Of m WHISTLER AT THE PLOUGH ? '

      Untitled Article

      mm TO THE LAND MEMBERS . We , the undersi gned Allottees on the Minster Lovell Estate , beg to address you through our bright luminary , the "Northern Star . " We feel it to be our duty to make known to you our dissent from those that opposed Mr . O'Connor , at the late trial at Oxford , and who are now seeking to throw the estate into Chancery . Notwithstanding their abuse , insults , and threatening , for daring to differ from them , we again declare our unabated confidence in Mr . O'Connor and his Laud Plan . While we admit of our difficulties through inexperience , we feel bound to acknowledge the lenity shown to us in not having yet paid our dues . To Mr . O'Connorwe

      , feel grateful , to you we are thankful , and we hope to remain here , to show that we are worfby of the indulgence we have received . Go on brother members , and continue to support our benefactor ; you have enabled him to purchase and divide the Land into small lots of five estates ; is that worth nothing ? A nation ' s gratitude is due to you , it shows your > power when united . Our enemies have created a division , but we trust the working men will again rally round our champion , who has so nobly striven to work out our freedom , by placing us on the laud of our birth , there to enjoy health and happiness , and become , like our forefathers , robust and brave , moral and free .

      Charles Willis ,. Benjamin Munday , George Carter , John Stone , William Chandler , George Gay , William Smith , ( two acres ); John Morgan , John Drinkwater , John Littiewood , James Shawcross , George Turton , George C . Boggis , John Hays , William Hay , Charles Ireland , John Bennett , Charles Nippord , John WUkins , Thomas Maycock , ! John Medcalf , Thomas Belstead , Thomas Wyatt , Henry Kirkham , James Price . Charterville , August 6 tb . 1850 .

      Untitled Article

      ' ' ^> . ¦ - ' ¦ THE NATIONAL LAND AND LABOUR BANK AND " ONE WHO HAS WHISTLED AT THE PLOUGH . V TO THK KDITOB OF THE NORTHERS STAB . - Sib , —In your last week ' s impression I observe that Mr . O'Connor has published a letter , dated September , 1849 , written by " One who has Whistled at the Plough , " to some of his friends in Manchester , and from which I am led to infer that he takes credit to himself for "breaking up , " what he is pleased to call the "Land Bank Swindle . " As Manager of the Institution I may be supposed

      to be cognizant of such an event as this ; and I think your readers will not refuse the same amount of credit to my statement as may have been accorded to Mr . SomerviU © by the readers of the Manchester Examiner . It hat ever been my care , as one whose duty it is to attend solely to matters of Bank business , to avoid public remark with respect to any knowledge I possessed as to the affairs of my Principal , although such strange and absurd conclusions have been arrived at by those who do not , or will not understand Mr . O'Connor ' s

      motives or actions , that I have been often tempted to break the rule I had laid down for my conduct The following remarks of Mr . . Somenrille , however , compel me to offer a few observations , with the view of correcting ( as I am certainly best qualified to do ) the ' sweeping assertions he has thought it his public duty to make . I now call your readers' attention to the following extracts from "the Whistler ' * " letter : — - It was not until thftmiddla of 1647 that other newspaper * ventured to combat the huge delusion of the Land Scheme , and that more transparent swindle , the Land and Labour Bank associated with it And then it was chiefly from me they had their information . All that year I was incessantly engaged in examining the scheme and swindle :

      in warning the shareholders of their danger ; in preventing . Trade Societies , Benefit Societies , Burial Club ? , and other Associations , fwm -sending theft funds to the land Battle . Though mj exposure of theunsoundness of the Bank did not prerent all those societies from parting with their money , and parting with it for ever , 1 saved many of them from rain . But for my timely interference the Engineers and Machine Makers would have lost £ 20 , 000 more than they did lose . I carried on an extensive correspondence , made other ws ! ls to the estates purchased bySTr : O'Connor with theshareholderssuhscriptions , to theBanUin London , to the Registration Office , and to branch societies , to rather information , and continued so to do after the newspapers ceased to publish whatlwrote-their conductors thinking , not without reason , that the public were , for U » time , tired of the subject . . . '

      In London I continued my exposure of the Land Schema by pamphlets and otherwise , and finally broke up the Land Bank Swindle . You will observe that this person ' s " services" appear to have ' . been most energetic and effectual in the middle of 1847 , and that he prevented certain societies from losing " £ 20 , 000 more than they did lose . " That he visited the Bank in order to procure information , with the clear intent tomato treacherous

      Untitled Article

      use of it ; and , finally , tThat he "broke ' upiiho Land Bank Swindle . " j ; * ™ I took charge of the Bank on 1 % September 1847 , littledreanring of the eneniyjwitfi % h ' om I had to contend , wheriT foundI ' m . less than fourteen Benefit Societies wi&accpu ' nts open From September , lSlT . tothO ^ ientrtrme , I opened no less than eighty-saw fresh ; accpnntg with Benefit and Trade . Societies , ' jiheigreater P * # - o £$ hich were . opened in 1848 ; f pgr&ipB in consequence of . Mr . . Somervillefs efforts ; to prevent it . However that may be ; noneifefclfce ., r -,- , > — ,,-, .,

      soeteltes have " parted for ever " | withWeir npneyj and not , a single individual brWti fo hamng a credit at the Bank , and requmng ' tKHr / anofe , have . ever been , disappointed pi receiving tnetr . prtncipalandinterest o » -the'day on which the money : was due ! , , .:- ; : ; ' , - ; . ; ' ^; :: n >< ys'& -Thia assertion—which Idefyariy Wtitiitifc trovert ^ mn make : it / almo 8 t 5 unnece 8 BiSry : 5 fc * !» Bay jtHat-the-Land-Banket ' SwlnM »^ M # ^^ WeaSt ^ a ^ feware itis

      ^ W ^ Ww open daily , ! and trans ; acting business m precisely the same routine , and with . ' the same , staff of clerks , with the " «* manager at itshead , as when ,. "the Whistler . opened his campai gn against it in 1 B 47 . ; In conclusion , I must beg leave to ex ; press my great regret that Mr . Somerville did not favour me with ainote previous to his visit informing me of his intention and object ; for I shouldhave feltit jny duty to haveshoWhim every attention , by showing him the " way out

      ortneiJanic . i can never sufficiently regret his omission on this point . I am , Suy yonr obedient Servant / - ' T . Pbicej Manager .

      Untitled Article

      • , THE LACEX FTJ ^ I > , ; TO THE CHARTISTS OF THE UNITED- ' KINGDOM . : ; Brother Chartists and Democrats , — Several weeks have elapsed since we apprised you of the formation of a committee for the purpose of . raising funds to defray the expenses of Mrs . Lacey and her family to her husband ( William Lacey ) , at Launceston , in Australia . At that time the committee appealed to your charitable sympathies in behalf of the above object , and , up to the pre ^ sent moment , £ 16 has been received from

      mends in the Metropolis , ; butJthe ChartistB in the provinces ,, Scotland , and Wales , have not contributed their mite for this purpose ; and we , the committee , deem it imperative to make this appeal to the Chartists , generall y , and at . the same time to earnestly request their attention and assistance to effect " the union of the Lacey family . ' It . may be necessary to inform ybuthat

      William Lacey was one of the victims of the " Powel plot" in . 1848 , and that with Tay , Cuffay , Dowling , and others , he was sentenced to transportation for life ; After paBBing two years' probation in various prisons in England , he was sent to Australia ; and on arrivfng - at Launceston be was presented with a ticket of leave , , which left him . without restraint to obtain his livelihood by followinghis occupation of a boot and shoemaker . . . : ;

      At the time of his arrest he was in comfortable circumstances , carrying : on-business on aisown account , and he also kept the " Charter Coffee-house , " where the Chartists of the locality met . He had a famil y of six children —the eldest then about fourteen years of age , and the youngest onl y two moritha ; old . Deprived of a husband ' s support ind protection , she has hitherto supported her large family by her own exertions , aided by the trifling sums afforded to the Victim Committee by the Chartist body . To add to her ' sorrows , Mrs . Lacey met with a severe loss , in the latter end of last month , by the death of her youngest child ¦ ¦¦ ' °

      . . ,- ¦¦ - We consider the reunion of this family to be but an act of simple justice on the part of our body , and that they have a ri ght to expect it at our hands . i According . to the rulei of the Emigration Society , the cost of transmitting this family to Australia is , as follows : —Passage money , £ 30 ; outfit ; ; £ 20 / Bi / t this is independent of the expense of travelling to the seaport where the vessel might be stationed to receive them . Thus it will be seen that , at the least , £ 50 is required ; and that , as before stated ^ £ 16 only has been , collected , which leaves a deficiency of £ 34 .

      It is of the greatest importance that whatever is done should be done quickly . We have before intimated our desire that the subscription should cease and determine by the 25 th of the present month of August—this being the best time of the year to secure a favourable voyage , and consequently a time when vessels are ; bound for Australia . In accordance with this expressed desire , Mrs . Lacey ; has made preparations for her departure ' by the adjustment of her affairs , and has given up tho coffee-house , ou the profits of which she has hitherto subsisted—another pressing reason for prompt and immediate action . ; ' ~ ¦'

      -Brothers , we have laid this plain and aimple statement of facts before you in full confideuce that you will do justice to the case . It ia the last , the least , and the only consolatory act you can perform , as a recompense for the Bufferings of this now divided family . We appeal to you , for the last time , in perfect confidence . that you will nobly and actively perform your duty , that you will stand by and assist your own order , and show the government that you sympathise with the political victims , One halfpenny each from every professing Chartist would more than double the : sum required . To the work then ,-at once . Let subscriptions be commenced in every Chartist

      Untitled Article

      iffi&Sfe fttfH , and : let the respective ^ SrW ^ fo ^ 'forwara the monie ^ SS ^ i , ^ Mpffic ^ drder ; ( payable to 222 ft ' * ter . Street , Weat . n » n ster , vthe Secretary of ; this rCoininlttSe , ^ be ; made payable M ^ mx at : the . 'PogVOffice ; Broadway , ^ Teatminster . / .: ; ! ' V ' ^ ?' ^ rconclu ^ ipn ^ we canVonl y ^ ay ^ aiunleM efficient . means . ase , inatantl y afforded for the acepmphshmentoftheaboveobjecC a lasting disgrace ^ illbe attached to our body , , and the governmenjpefsecution of Mr ; Lacey willibe trivial ,, and sink- into nothinghess , in com-P ^ isp tiwith the'hardshi p ^ ^ arid cruelty inflicted by , us i ^ c 6 ntmirinff : the separatioh' ^ and : «« , r .

      ha « ng the ultimate- ruin of this perfieo ttte * % ily ; i 4 We cannot , however ^ ' eirtertain suohran : iaea ^ 5 &We > trust to the honour , l ^ work ^ ngo laB ^ « ml ^^ f 1 ^ t-r i&i | f !*^^^ 3 ^ p ^ Effi ^ bKn hearty ' response , - we firmly ^ elfjupon ' yoS probity . and integrity , and expect you to do your duty . i :, v . r -. - ,. ,: •¦ ; *• ; ; i r Signed on behalf of-the Com ' mittee , ¦ . '¦ ¦ ' Henry . ^ Vilks , secretary .

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      AN ADDRESS ; TO , THE PEOPLE n ; ;;; ;; Bi ; ERiraisT jones . '; ; 0 p <<™ JC 6 raTRTMEN ,-ii . When - a man stands forward as an advocate of a popular , principle , the ; public Wt ^ right to know upon wlmt views he means to base-that advocacy , ^ andwhat course , however humble , he intends to ! Pursue , Therefore , asl purpose , devoting myfuture to . the cause of , the ; po 5 r , as , , pursu i ant . to . mvitatwns . received ,, I have resolved oh recommencing my labours by a tour through England , Scotland , and'Wales , arid as all com ^ mumoation between us has been ' interrup ' ted f » rmore than two years , I think it my ' duty to address a few words to you beforejwe meet ' oft our past and present ' position , and on our future prospects ...: j

      In the spring ; of 18 ^ 8 the Democraticmovement assumed an astonishing rapidity . - Never was a ; time / of greater .. promise-inever was a deyelopement of greater .: power . The middle class ; were ready to make concessions ; the governing faction were paral ysed into inactivity , and yet the people were frustrated—frustrated , not b y the hands of the Whig oligarchy , but by their own 1 , , The source of that' event was party-bickering and personal contention . The National Convention was called for the

      purpose of-presenting the National Petition * MWy ! ' . insuHed , but its '; missioii was fulfiUed as far as lay in . its power . Qh ' the express ^ un'derstanding that it was not-a sufficient representation of the national willin r ^ ference to 'further measure ' s ,, for I the . carrying ? A ? £ « $ " # ^ was ' » ot coniiniB 8 iohed ,:: by its last act'it convened a larger and more authoritative assembl y . It was now that intefitine discord arose : the movement stopd in a proud position on tho last' day of the National Convention—it was strong and united -withiri

      itself , and , so long , no hostile power daredassail it . It was inviolable , because of that strength and union . The very fact' of the fortifications ln . the-metrbpolis , of the artillery , ' cuirassiers ; an 4 ^?^ nti ofrthe ; yeomanry ; and . armed police ;> of the almost ceaseless Cabinet Councils ; of the arming of ., the aristooratic portion of themiddle claas , headed by the aristocrats of the courtl y -precincts of iWest London ; ; of the marshalling of those working men as constables , whom fear of losing their employment had coerced into an outward semblance of support , but could not mould into an efficient sympathy' ; . and all this against an unarmed

      , peaceful , and legal assembly of the people , intending no violence , und demanding constitutional , rights by constitutional means , was a homage paid ; to our power , and a tacit admission on the part of the governing- faction , that the bulk of the popular feeling , was agajnst . them . Well jni ght the Attorney-General say at my trial that : — "We had . caused them many a sleepless night . " But when division > and discord had been sown among our , rauks when oa separation bad taken place between , moral force men " and " physical force men ; " tvhen the breach grew wider every day , when , oiit of one hundred ideleeates

      summoned , only sixty came to the Assembly ; when its Hall was made the arena for personal contention ; when some of those who aspired to reform the laws pfthe ^ r country , actually . began to discuss whether theirdoing . so was , « r was not . illegal ; when , in the acrimony of debase , some of the rival Speakers aecus £ | d the . Chartist body of , weakness , and ,. 'in the very presence of the government reporters and spies , anatomised its every foible , in order to strengthen their own poBUion j—nay ! when tho people ; paralysed by . the contention of the : rival principles , and led from tho main q « e 8 tion by their abstract theories , ceased to uphold the . Assembly from witnoufc ;;~ when , oven the money for its siipbeoame

      pdrt' deficjent ; then the Whig faction saw it was the hour to Btrike ;—it said : " They are fighting among themselves ; they will not have time to parry our blows-now crush theji !" - But , I ask ydu , had that assembly met in its full numbers ; had the working clsssesi poured Up the voice of their . sympathy from far and near ; had they withheld from tho gin palace the money that would have given vigour to their Democratic Senate ; had that senate been united within itself . ; had it but acted up to its motto of carrying out " measures , " instead of quarrelling about " men , " and discussing about vague theories ; had the stream of popular feeling , and-the enunciation of popular will , been \

      manifested , day by day , from hundreds of gatherings , * , had every town marshalled Mi thousands from onpend of ; Britain to ; tho other , all lifting tho same cry and tending to the same object ; had they all pronounced the inviolability of their representatives , ~ and . the detertniiiation to upbold their cause '; had they arrayed this peaceful phalanx of unarmed petitioners in the preaerice of bankrupt trade and of paralysed speculation ; then ,-I risk you , would tho usurping faction have dared ; to strike?—or , would not their Wows have lecoiled upon themselves ?—or , could more have been plunged into prisons under that course , than hsivd been tortured under the . course pursued ? But , in the face of fcurope , in the face of the revolutionary world of lift * »» /• ¦ - ¦ - — - — ' »• >< v > viii % i j if Ul 4 V 4 v * 48 in tho

      , face of the English people , to whom qvery day would have brought fresh strength : every hour have added new recruits : —where is the hand that would have dared to assail us , while we maintained tho attitude of poaco , tho' we displayed the attributes of power ? . Tho answer is given by thojinviqiability of , tho Convention ; the language of which waaiivr Btrouger thnn , that of the Assembly , while the ; fear of . tho cabinet w&a greater , as proved by their armed panic during its continuance ; And what do you suppose would have been the result of tho struggle ? Would not that mlddle- ; class that seen the necessity for mock-concession in the hour of our weakness , have been doubly forced into , sincerity in tho timo . of our . strength ? Would not

      that cabinet , that ever panders to tho Itown of power , but insolently spurns the petition of the bumble , have been glad to compromise for Its existence by , tho' recognition of our rights ? The means , the material , tho Wan was there : —ohee more they are ready to our hands ; lot thorn not be again misused . ; ¦ It appears to mo to hayo . become tho fashion to rundownthe ^ publio ; position assumed by , the majorities in the Convention and tho Assembly : I refuse to join in the outcry . ' I believe in their honesty ; and while 1 doDrecate . asa fatal error in iudement .

      their having for one moment countenanced discus * 8 ton on moral and physioal-force theories , and their having entertained personal questions and individual biokerings , I believe the failure of their misgion to lie moro at the doors of the people who neglected to support ; them , than , in any incapacity on tneir part to perform the . duties of their Btation . Keel called upon to say thus much in roferenca to bodies witU Whom I have acted , . and am proud to have aote ' d ; though I always have kept , and always shall hold myself perfectly diatihet from individual jealbusios and personal ambitions , - It is riso eaid that an « x <

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      afetessssis ^ & v ^^^^^^^ 'Y' ^ mm ^ m ^ Wma : ' " ¦ ' -- ¦ ¦ - - \ \ i "" " \ f **|^ Wiae ia the ^ airs bfin en ' " ' ; '¦ Si $ fe& ? } flo H ^ « n <» ^ fortune . " WWi . 0 Jw » t » t 81 you waited . till the ebb , and iwhafcha Tepttbeenidoingin . the ; interval ? About ^^ fe ^^?^ anditransported .

      £% ? M ! W , \ t sm i » rops ; : of water out of ^ the g »«; fter « , tHe waves cease to S | fe ^ ' ^ ' Because a few ft € KSS ^ K ^ * 5 |» ^ bWJ « . ofthii law , as dug vy rimg ministers ; and baited bv Whiir mdma i « ** £ ¦ waeon ^* the m&Sli S ll straggle ! Let ^ uslake warhingiby the pastaril " in g ^ SP ^^ . ^^ ^ l ^ -SS ^ Sff the ' elemen s ^/ progression , aud ' the ^' aourcS ni democratic nfluence . iohave'Weh neter before ? n so . abundant and promising a itate as now-tC lieve the ChaTtit fmHv tif * 1 * 3 now 5 } be ve been

      « « » -... . : with I £ Z r ,, T i ° , ^ ^ ver imbued ffi ^ - ^^ . " admixture withthemselveti ; the petple Bee more distinctly than everThat ftWMBLSiasaS SS : « £ ^ i ; I f ^ fl . b / the hand ofthe CharteWeSstS r- ^ T ^ i * I > roud < aDdinde endentpo ' Si % , ? rov , thi 8 , I do not allude to "the navins SSSftV ? -S « i «> w «>' toiiie-i 3 ii iS-ffiSS S * J ™ 7 : M » PWbably , been much im-^ an d is ; not "

      pavre yetwcon ^ ucted 7 n ; r ha i rnninfT ^ Ti- ^" ? effeotive m »« er : bu & £ ? the e S w the public , breast ; I point fcSft ma 8 2 £ V W debts . poors rate , and taxatwn ; to the ruined . farmers , an i their starving Si 4 ^ ' > 1 , f ^ rated . hopes of the poor j to the broken promises of the rich ; I point to the re-arousin of the public mind after its re-adtionarv wl' * ¦ ¦ K ? Sj . ? tbe death-struggle . between the Whigs and Tories ; .. to the bankrupt trades -to he SSr 5 ela ? S *? 8 ra « ™ S r ! and the famished men ; I point to the reawakening of fZ f ^ fl } ^^ ^ material 8 ^ Vic SSjm « ? w 1 ° the « eefcional movements and petty SSSJmT- d i lssi ? ate thera « to cLos ?„!?„ ? W ^ d th « m into a world of ordori Against , that are arrayed-merely tVDes shadnwV and figuresijailore , 4 ho JStS ^^ Z- '

      prisoners bludgeoneers , who moltattheir hard and servile lot ; soldiers , who wince at the lash and Who likewise begin to claim their share > in the fo ° n il ? ft o w ^ l- . citizen 'tim statesmen , who ; Kn ^ \ ^ h - * question ' lbst U 8 hould « Pset their . cabmetj ^ bansees and money-chanBers , who quarrelin . tWtemple , , but are afraid SflomTto Wows , m presence of their mutual foe-the people ! , To orocrastinate-to put off the hour pfreckoningto linger on from session to session is their boldest hope !; Basking in the last sunshine of their expiring day , they vote yowr annual thousands for their pauper princes ; and their roval ™ lanM ™ a *« -

      , royal apartments ; they : discuss the words of an uiw meaning oath , and forget Christianity in the discusawn ; while , they are chopping logic , their Irish Victims are chopping nettles ; while they are disputing points of law , half a nation is at the point of ^ h , ; -rbDt society is fast ripening towards a change , and I warn them , that the shout of freedom of- 48 , compared with « ' the trumpet thai has yet to TlL lsbu' » s the lisping : of a child , contrasted with tha roaring of a ^ giant . ¦ ' - ¦ ¦¦ . Such appears to ine the experience of , the ' Paat . ; and the ; aspect of the Present . A glorious Future is before us . jbut it has its perils . ¦ The

      . , most important question which the immediate . Future proposes ; is our union with the Middle-Class and support of Middle Class ! Reforms . We ought never to make an enemy where we can honourably make a friend ; but we ought never to maUe a . friend by tho saoriflce of a just principle We may gloze over our support of middle cTassmeasures as wo pleasd , but tho result is a virtual and practical abandonment of principles , if we support half-measures . We . may lay theT salve to our conscicncee , that wo will still agitate for the Charter atterwards—have you never contemplated that 2 ? tl ^ t ' Tt > a I l ? ° Ulte ! -tbui w « Bhall be met atthe very thresholdof the agitation with the words :- "Have we- not given you what vou iranreu i

      , lou joined us . for this , and now you ' ve got it I—wo cannot have such constant changes and commotions ; back to . yourtoili and leave politics to us ! Do you not see that the middle class cannot do without Reforms ; that there are too many monopolies ; that there is too much misery pressing on them to permit them to tolerate the present sys-Wm J ^ bUt , THAT THEY CANNOT ALTKR 1 T WITHOUT OUR fh ^ f ?! . ! l e £ y tbat ; help on any terms less than those that will enfranchise labour , and place it beyond , the grasp and power of . capital , do you nofc see that we are lost ? - Do you not see that their half measures are , the very things to give power to the mia'dUdcus , without giving it to us , and that the ttroiiger they grow the weaker we become ? Can you doubt that as soon as they have carried tho measures that vill relieve themulvu—^ soon-as they have placed . MeiV own interests in-aafelv thev

      will deny us those concessions which would reuder us independent of their class?—and if now , while themiddle olassare still , in part oppressed , we find such dif culties in the mere amnion of our rights how much more difficult should we not find the oltainment of . them , when we ourselves have-helped to place them on tho pinnacle of power ? It is but trickery in the middle class to say , when advocatin * their excluBivo , self-benefiting Reforms , that '' they cannot carry alarger , measure at present !" for middle olass and working class united , can carry any MBASUBB thkt choosb ! And , indeed , the time fe't coming when . the middle class will raise the loudest watchword of liberty ! They will speak in fi » r , moro viplent language than that , for which I , and better , men than I , have been immured in felons' gaols ; They will go far bey 6 i \ d the Charter in their wordy eloquence ! They will talk of

      BkpuBUcs- ^ blue , black , and . grey ! . They will even whisper " Red ! " They will talk glibly of " Social Rights , " : and "independent labour ! " They will stir the masses by nighsounding sentiments , and dera ' oc ' ratic " tKe ' ories : nnd Buoh is often- the error of th © . people , ' / that , perhaps , the real democratho-who tries to steady the public ; mind , and to , fix those slippery champions to a definite and practical recognition of a well-defined right , to a distinct arid' unequivocal object—he who tvieB to keep them to the ; point , or rather the lisa points ( the foundation of all the . rest ) when they would cloud it with vain and fiery declamation , will be hooted from the people ' s plfttfoms , by the people s own voice , as an aBS . imjqT . WR—aa a pander to that fatal half

      " reform , " which it is hisvery object to prevent ! But , no matter—the path of dirty is clear ; and I , for one , inteadto follow it . I am opposed to , and ahali ever oppose , all union with the middle class , and all support of middle class measures , in reference to the- franchise , short of tho Charter : hut I would still ; wish to conciliata them . I would not seek to increase ' class hate , aad thus perpetimte class dUtinctiori ^ bu he mode -of conciliating them , siiould be , not by truckling ; to their prejudice ' s—hot by surrendering o « r rights , or by flying from ou . Hemands- » 4 * uth never veils her brow ; or hides her head !—? ¦»© should conotliiate them by : showing that thos& rights and theao demands , are fully compatible , with their own welfare , and , indeed , the only giiarantee for tieir own safety—by teaching then * that homo trade , their great' wahtj , ' ' can aloae- be created- ^ ihat pauperism arid taxation . tfieVgreat evil can

      alone-) e lessened by the , ov . eittb . row of all monopoliesthat tho worst and most deadly of aiisaonopoliests the monopoly Of tha ftvinchiso , bewvuaoit is fea foundation and btttwavk of all the c * i » erB—and that nothing short of the Charter baa remove this , acr nopoly ; and by temperately , yelt firmly insiatinjr , that we . will nDtfolpthem to ««{«« . their pmttanc « wiless . they hip .. its to ' nclresi « uvmm , Bjjst , at a time when the Protectionist may possiify return topower > ¦ wUsr tho trading ctosseB will ^ ainlv be struggling for existenee-at the tima when the game is in your own ha » ds-do « ot » for heaven ' s aakoi do not again faU into the miserable trap into which , throughout the long annala of history , the people-have so oftea fallen ! Do not miga the field at the very moment of yiofcory ! At the time when you can ensure your . own . terms , do not throw , yp »[ jelTe 8 helpless into the . hands of your oppo-¦ ' Another Important feature of bur future agitation appear W bo , Koit to act towarda those men who ,

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      ^« gwij ^|^^ fea of sepa > uX ^ f , ma )^ . Helndtn ^ ,: pfiji /] iose policy U to ««« . ^ T feK ^ % : ^ allyingthemBelves with the mid ^ W ^ sgr ^^ awra : |^ ioa of the people after i ^^ te ^ SffiQ tf |»™ # 5 AS § rW ' t ^ -tRP ^^ qracy ^ of laBKur- ^ in d here tha ^ v S ^^ ?! f * i ^* eiioiiie 8 doubly an . ^ ISS ^^ fc Wm * m >< XZ OP THK MbDS Vf of po ^ mtef thejj # v ^ i 9 $ m . opponents . It has i .- ' ever iee » -the greatidifflcul { y : df , our ¦ movement ^ L ^ counteract the middle ci ^ ssV . tendeiibf of the hetl » NVV Paid , ^ i . ^^^ f ^^?/^^ ^^ difiUultyl—mr tbemgh : np . w " pf < 5 fe - s $ ng Chartism X > with their 1 ; jb , they wi ^ Boon ^ w'idtffiie howl of the <\ wolfffsh ^ ' aok' / vfho -bii [« fen'i < bn . 'the ? : i » ebple ' 8 hearts n ThejMow-affeBt ah- aWwsrreiiqoXofic ^ violent senti * K niirat ^^ f ^ ranoua -dea ^ r ^ ts ^* . I r ^ eJia ^ ionists ^'^ ifc . wtbe ^ ouxenientscreen uadet whi ^ h t !>^<} over tk « ic ., 8 eplaat ; Joii ' ,, their nextBtex wiJl .-bean' endeavoar , tolidentify ; Chartism witoXJ * VH ) lenoe '' -- . fuw ^ 4 ttd » t Wp pd"l-until at last , N \( t ^ f su cceed , '' tWe' Charter * ' vrift . * po a forbidden \

      woro , and democracy ainiseraoie ruin , haunted b ; Vxjl tbe-siwrbws of a-betraye ffflud » criflced people . \ N ^ ' Itell those ' men , wfco' ^ t ^ Mfc'tryto'create a skc * \^ ^ t »* tTOTEMBKTia . wttv . rrii £ 8 >; if they are FOR # ^\ the- ? Gharter , there , can b > aQ good reason why they I Av-! lrS ? W weBd ^ from the phftlaflx of , Uie Chartists ; \ \ if they ate AGAINST it / theyrinrot have bad some n ! rewonMp « tendingto , beinitfi | yqhr . Theymwj v \ ! mm matthe splitting of" aip ^ ihto Binall frag . « X-J meat * » fetal to ^ its V ^ sr ^^^ xo ^ even to ^ ' \ its existeneewand , knowiogiSKy must be our S \ $ enemres-if-they persist . jn , Bo |^ iou 3 a polioy . ^ jfe I thewfore catt on you , notfaWSfrr - ¦¦ . k T

      ^ » HHR , SBDD ^ QtASS . OTSipBTOM . VV 'V Some , ej | - ^ J » om : . inay , bV * pnwiMfflL ? but ; alt of ¦ ' ^ ' •' ytops ^ b ^ wapablq ^ leadi # ^ caU on yoni f ^ 1 by no ,, vwleB ] Be of e ^ r 68 isit ^/ * c > , iiiteBjperanee -6 t - -V- - ^ i ^ y ^^^ -pvaA ^ coldnyto ii ^ l ^ dBatip ^ vrQioU -- ' y 1 the wcfcand'theB' dejoy-ducka it fW brine affainsfi ¦•««' the democracy of England ' . They will endeavouUN '•''•? to identify us with theories withiwhich we hava " -v I nothing in . common ; to make usaccountable foe ' '•' actions which wo have never participated in or sanctioned ^ to > . ally us with men and parties to U whom we- are utter strangera ; to brand us with , fi sentimonts abhoreflt to our hearts ; whatever there I i is most prejj ) djoo against , whatever is most reviled , ' and whatever is most hated , with' thai they will try i to identify our movement . You play into thaip f

      hands , if you give a colour to the accusation . Remember !—t » e- Charier , w the foundation of all demo * cracy—you have not got the . Charter yet—direct all your . energies to jhat pqint—foy tliefaimdatwnbefor * youMldthe-vopfi , :: . l-. "" . ' . ¦ " ' I should deem ' it un , heee > ssiry toatlvert to what might have been con > i 3 ered an . exploded dogma , the " moral" ; and "iphyfsicaWorce ^ abctrine , had iP «« e »* a ^^ aticnVawa rdiseuesiona proved that the Old Ghost was not f ^ hii . Herev again , may W the seed of di 8 co » d ! a 8 : it *' a » : before . ) Soinepartiea write l 'peacef ^ f tl ^^ gali ? idn . ;; theiv programmes . I give them credit foj . airg ^ odintention . I , too , am for peace and . kv . ^ wdpa ^ otLB ' a peace , add ins Peope ' s law ^^^ uM ^ eMd it af any cost , against any ene ; mief % Ho ^ Sayiiry to break if . hut I

      assert , thatalF ^ riessiJj ^ § i tfiinnselves irrelevant , but that may fend tp-be / onAe-tho watchword of a party and creafcs ; division , ought most studiously to be avoided . 'ItotrthenJthatiiitJs a mark of folly , to predicate whaft the qharaoter § f a movement may become—that this . Jejen'ds ' wliplly \ upon circumstances beyond . th / . rConlr 0 l - OJ . man-r-that it ' migbt be as criniinal ' jii dn ^' . cas ;^ . tQ ' maintain peace , a 3 it would be in ahotKer W ievy war—and that it is as great a felly ' ; in -the face of ' armed oppressjonjto announce yourintention of unconditional 8 uomiB 8 ivenes 8 affaTioiPreaistaiiOT . -oo-it -tto » u-v » wicked on the path of constitutional victory , to sully it with-in » sce 9 sary blood . - I ,- exhort you to cruah in the , hAiavpvevyraitempt to raise the

      question of" moral : ' or /* -physical force , " trample , it as ; you would an M&if , . In the speech which formed the nomnat ' gljjund of acc ' usatioh against me , I I said : "thatl did ' - ' nSt " believe a single blow , need be Btruck , or a drop 6 f " Dloo 4 beshed . bytn& " people , to secure the triumph of Democracy in ""' England . " I still v ' betie \ e the same , because I have confidence inJour * ' strength , andhope ^ in eur progress—but I fearlessly assert , that contingencies might arise , under which it wmld be tho uuty ot the . people to arm and btrike ; Snd I will do evon the ' ! Mbn 6 ^* Submission " the justice to believe , that they would . do inore . than talk in the cause of Democracy . J ' - ' ' In advocating th ^ tt cause , r-believe it to be necessary , that tho practical 1 . an&V ' social results of the Charter should bo laid before the public ; I believe , that the leB& . enUghtened portiou 9 t the working classes feel , little sympathy with political rights , unless theyxsan . Be made Xo see the " result in social

      benefits ; I believe they do not yet fully understand the connecting link oetweev poxiticai . power amd social reform ; ' I bSltevVthere is little use in holding before tbem the '; Capofjilberty , - . unless you hold the bio toAP-fby th # woj £ ©); itTTit » therefore , as I conceive , the daty . of aM ^ dVocatesiOf Qh ^ rtjsiS ' aiijI : ; Democracy to point to t&e social , benefifo ' WJiTcji yifflfc result from the Char { er ? 7 to show them whafaria ' the laws and institutions , that ne ^ d altering , aftd " abrogating , why they ' are injurious , ' , why'they musVbe removed > before the suffcreracdn be prosperous and happy , what ; are the materialsf out of which to construct such * prosperity and happiness , and how the Charter will enable-them to make that change . J would have them taught , a knowledge of their SOCIAL riohts ,. in order that , wh , en they obtain political power , they may , know , how to keep itand not be deceived , duped , betrayed , a 3 the nations have so often been before .

      Above all , I ' would liaye them to understand , what the ' experience of eighteen centuries has taught us , that political power must be obtained , before social amelioration cas . be enjoyed ; that cO'Operation , however salutary . . and successful , that abstinence , nioralitr , and toil , that all tho efforts of united , industry and ( intelligence are ineffectual to remove the . dead wieigbt of misery , as long as the sharp . sword , of monopolising power is wielded by one dominating class ; Instead of wasting your ' time and your energies

      m attempting to convert the middle class , whom nothing but fielf-interest will change , and whom bankruptcy , pqrirs . rajes , and taxation , aro fast donverting , dive . e . t ;^^ nfTaj ( fention tojyour own order : there is . rqomVenqugio ^' e ^ nversbn in tha ' t ^ -ldok at the agricultural ., § eris «; r&ok at . tliebbourers 6 n our railways , inoBr !^ iuife ^ iiSd' 4 ocK ^ iourbaf--racks , arsenals , aud sliips ^ roofriii lfe } an < lwjth Its desolated misery—conver t thete ^ trtfto' fo ' rhdniunion toitft . these ^ -&vA you will > aieed-no truckling to any haughty- claB's , that basks under the golden sunshine of prosperity . , ¦ . .., " ¦; Thk Poor alons cak wisthkbattlbof thk Poor .

      Brother Chartists I I have spoken freely and without reserve of those subjects on which I thought a dear understanding most necessary . I shall [ now shortly have tho pleasure of visiting you in several of your localities , pusuant to the-invitations with which I have been honoured ; I shall then be able to exchange views with you more fully than at present . My last words on leaving the dock at Newgate , were " The Charter and So Surrender I" I will now take ft prouder watchword ;— ' The CnAniKR and Victory . With these- words I will bid you farowell for tha present , And remain ,, your Faithful Frierid , and Servant , "" " - ' -JgRNEST JONES .

      P . S . —As > . pursuant to invitations received , I purpose starting , on a tour through England and . Scotland in September , I should feePobligedbyfbosa places ,, which * honouring me wilh an invitation , have not speei 8 ad the days : of tlie week that are most suitable- in their several loca&ties , for a lecture or meeting ) . to > i&timate the same-wtfAout loss of time . in order that t may arrange my rout * accordingly . All letters to be addressed to . me , " 62 , Queen ' sroadj . Bayswafter , London . "—K . J :

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      Loss o » ' the Corsair BstiQRANT Sin ? . —This snoble vessel > nearly one thousand tons burden , was , jwe regret to say , totally lostiGB hey last out ward passage on th » eastern bankg . Q £ Ne \ vfoundlaDd , with a very neas- sacrifice of silt the passengers .. The ship , which wasVthe pscipasty of Messrs , Pollock and Coi ,, of Glasgow , sailed ; from ' : Liverpool m the latter p ; u-t of May laBfcfpi ! -New York , carrying out 300 ehiigrants . ¦ ¦> Aftex-a . passago of thiaty-five days she- wiaa making foa-tLe- Eouth-east point of tho Bank * of Newfoundiiuu ^ whe . u she unfortunately struck on some ro » 5 ^ ,, There was a strong swell runni ng inwards ,, causing the . ship Do tLump tremaodously , sooiUatitewng in her , bottom , and tho sea filling her . Tjhe preservation , of the alarmed nasaengers wa&i&e first care of tb master and offij cers . A rope Tans , got to thesliike , thus enabling the crew to nfeoe-tSe emisrants-Safely on thol : uid . by

      bubsequentl ^ tihe-wsselAvas Buarounded a gang of desperate iwetahes , who pbndered the bnggage of the passftngere of everythiog that was valuable . Ldbcax SPK ( Ireland . )—Asoovding to a return recently mad . e » the amount of local aid received by the teaeXeea of national scheals in > eland darin ? the year 1844 viaa £ 25 , 607 10 s ; 9 d ., being an average of £ 7 lfeaw . per teacher . In 1848 , tho- nmouut of looal aid received was £ ® , W Is ., being an average of J £ 5 l ? s . 3 d . per teacher- The local contributions towards the payment ofthe salaries to teachers of national schoola oonsists : prmoipally of the weekly fees from the chi . lren , of voluntary donations , and subscriptions , and in a . few cafes of permanent funds provided for the maintenance of tl . o school . The commissioners of Rational Educatioa in Ireland stato thatihey clo not . require proof that such permanent funds exist ; nor a . ^ uarantee for their continuance , as indispensable conditions previoua to tnakjpg a grant of tuinf to mj wm ,

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      THE NATIONAL LAND COMPANY AND THE POOR UNFORTUNATE OLD SCOTCH W 0 MAN . i ¦ - THEHAW . NAT . j . ^

      TO I . O ' CONNOR BSIJ . ''!•¦ Sre .-Ha ying been a resident ofthe metropolls during the last week , theB ubject of your justice to an ag ^ d Scotch female named Wafaon , haabeen the main subject of conversation ia the vanons companies il have freauented , and being in possession ; of the toll part , crJar 8 of this woman ' s unfortunate case , Ithinkit my duty to lay it before the public . Mr » . Watson was unfortunatel y duped into the purchasing of a £ 5 4 s . share in the Land Company mthe ^ year 1846 . On the 1 st of ft ?• W . » having been fortunate in tha ballot , took possession of > four acre farm at U Oonnorville , in theGouiitv ofTTo ^ i . ~ ™ i \

      ill additiW to . tibe f % nrhad ; ie 2 i laid out for ?« J » aMt in Bsmurei . seedri ; Mi and received 5 i ^« Mh £ 50 ; being ^^ 3 p . aid ] mpaey , , and £$ J ?!* $ ^^ i ^ dng ^ d' ^ lfiTi ^ ^« m ^< Onthe' 12 th 6 fAprii ;! l 848 , after about eleven months' possession , during triiich she had received upwards of £ ? O in money , or money ' s worth , or about Thirty-two Shillings per week , this poor dupe sold the allotment to George William Wheeler for £ 115 , thus receiving , in the space of eleven months , £ 185 for her original outlay of £ 5 is . nor did Mrs . Watson ' s unfortunate 1 OB 8 B 8 end here -for mth p Novemberof 1847 , her brother was awinjier rathe ballot which tlien took place ; he soon after died

      , and by will left his chance to iilrs ! Watson ; for this , in my presence ^ she ha « been several times offered £ 50 , but declined selling it for that amount I was present at the last Conference at Snigs End , when she was offered an allotment at Lpwbands , or £ 50 in money ; she declined accepting the latter , thinking to make more money by disposing of the allotment . Believing that these particulars were unknown to yon , and to the shareholders generall y , and being anxious to giyethatadvicetohertalehtedsoiicitor , lfr . Fry , alias Pry , which the worthy Alderman could not be expected to give , I remain yonrs , a faend of the 1 ' oor Scotch Lady , who has received £ 185 in lieu of £ 5 4 s ., and who expects to receive £ 50 more , ' _ . Thomas M . Whebieb . 00 , itenton-Btreeti Brunswick-square

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      Opxkko of the GaEAtlTosTHBBH Ria ^^ On Wednesday morning the companjr . according to their promise , commenced rnnning theirlu ggage-Wawons from the . King ' sHJ 03 S station to Le eds , Hull and other places on the line . At twelve o ' clock the passengers traffic also commenced . and did a good business . The cab and omaibos conveyances were very numerous , and the civility of the railway officers creditable both to the company and themselves ,

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      ~ " - —?— ' ~ - ~~ -.:: . ' ' ' DEFAULTING NEWS AGENTS . ' " t . ° "S * . ™? OF THE ' NORTHBHN STAR .: . : ' ; .. Dear Sir . —For several weeks past there have appeared notices in your paper addressed to . tho Agents ofthe . " Northern ; Star ,. » bomplaramg of the non-payment of debts duo to the Proprietor . It is most disgraceful and disreputable for any man to obtain goods without theintention of paying for them ! and

      more particularly so by professing Democrats : _ It is due to the Chartist public , ( who are the purchasers of the "Star , " ) ihat tfiev should be furnished with the names and ' residences of such dishonest Agents ,, in order to avoid them ; and I most respectfully request that a list of such personB be forthwith inserted in the " Star . " : ; Why not makfi all A «« , ta

      pay'in advance ? This would prevent loss ? and be domg ^ an act of justice and kindness to the parties themselves , by teaching them habits of carefulness and prudence . The question has frequentl y been put to me : Do you owe any monerfor the "Northern Star ? " It is not right that all the Agents should bear the stigma of being dishonest because some individuals prove themselves so . Let the -people see who the swindlers are , they will then know

      now xo aeai with them . Hoping shortly to see . the . names , trades , residences , of these sham Radical Reformers , ( who ought to reform themselves ) published , I remain , r . . Yours truly , : ; ¦ ¦ . James Sweet .

      1 Tamable Fbeemd Eswk.

      1 TAMABLE FBEEMD ESWK .

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      1 — 1

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  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Aug. 10, 1850, page unpag, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1586/page/1/