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rrmiea Dy WU^IAM K1DKK, pf^i o. 0,-W"^ 11 -"1 p-ifitiSo' 1 Printe'dbV^ ; a£rkM>vrbER:ofXo. ! 5,'JlVi'cyesfie W^
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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"tmrial-gronnds at fhe present time in the metropolis is 138 , tat this cannot be taken ^ s the . actaal nurabecsince a great many parishes hare riotyetientin their returns . "The total nniflb £ cannotl ) Bless than 200 , ana is probably somewhat more . There are , then , in lonaon , atuatea at-rano ^ aisjtances from each other , and each differing in extent , 200 centres of more or less pollution , each pouring off unceasingly day and night , its respective contribution of decaying matter , butthe whole together , reckoning only the gases fiom decomposing human remains , amounting , as we have seen , hi one year , to upwards of two millions and a half of cubic feet Whatever portion of these gases is not absorbed ty the earth—earth already surcharged with the accumulations of centuries—and whateverjpart does not mix with and contaminate the -water , must be emitted into the
atmosphere , bearing hihi them , as we knew , putreseent matters perceptible to sense . That these emanations do act injuriously on the health of the people resident in the immediate neighbora-hood of the places from which they issu ? , appears to us , by the evidence " that has been adduced , to be indubitably established . From the law of the diffusion of gases they must be rapidly spread through the whole of the atmosphere that surrounds the metropolis ; and though they thereby become diluted , and are thus rendered proportionally innocuous , yet that they do materially contribute to the contamination of the air breathed by 2 , 0 «) 0 , 000 of the people , cannot , we think , admit of any reasonable doubt .
( Hear , hear . ) "Without entering into the evidence , ho would proceed to state the outline of the Ml which had been prepared npon the basis of the report of the board , leaving matters of detail to be considered when ihe bill itself should be pmted . He proposed , in the first place , that , for the purposes of the bill , a district should be formed , to be termed " the Metropolitan Burial District , " consisting of all the parishes enumerated in the schedule and comprised within tho Registrar-General s London district , with the exception of a few outlyin" parishes which it would not be necessary to include in the metropolitan districts to he formed For . this district burial-grounds would be provided either within or without the limits of the district , -which would be placed under the control and
management of the parties intrusted with the execution of the act , who -would also be authorise d to fix the fees and payments to be made upon all interments within these grounds . Power would be given to take any of the cemeteries which had been established xmder acts of parliament within the districts , making compensation to the companies . Power -would be given to shut up any of these cemeteries ¦ which it should seem advisable on the ground of public health no longer to retain as places of interment , and , on the other hand , to retain for that purpose such others as it might be deemed expedient to continue . Every burial-ground to be pro-Tided nnder the act -would , like all the great cemeteries hitherto established , he divided , one portion teinsr consecrated and provided' with a suitable
chapel for the performance of service according to the rites of the established church j the other portion being left for interment of persons of other denominations . Power would further be given to set apart portions for those denominations who , on religious grounds , required separate p laces of interment . When one or more of the burial-grounds to be provided under thevact should he opened for interment , the Queen in Council would be empowered , upon the report of persons entrusted with the execution of the act , and after duo notice , to order "burials in churchyards and other existing gravey ards in nny part of the district to be discontinued , subject to any exceptions that might be thought necessary , and the prohibition might from time to time be extended until interments were discontinued
throughout the metropolis , with such saving of existing rights of burial in vaults and thelikoas might be exercised under certain precautions without prejudice to the public health . The inhabitants of the parishes in which the burial-grounds were closed would have the same rights of interment in the new grounds as they had in their own burialgrounds , and , to provide for the natural wishes of persons to be buried near the bodies of their own relatives , power would be given to remove , without the expensive process called a "faculty , " bodies from the intramural places of interment into the new grounds . The persons who were to superintend the execution of the act were to be empowered to provide , within the limits of the district , plaess of reception to which the poor ( who -were now so
often endangered by the continuance of the bodies of their deceased relatives in the rooms occupied by the living ) mi « ht have the corpses removed . A great practical difficulty in extramural interment was the removal of the bodies to a distant cemetery , especially in the cases of the poor ; and it wa 3 therelore proposed to empower those appointed to execute the act to provide means ( of which all who chose might avail themselves ) for conveying bodies to the places of interment , and for conducting the funerals , at specified and moderate rates of payment . A large portion of the incomes of some bf the London clergy was derived from fees on buri : d 3 , and it was therefore only just and fair that provision should be made for affording compensation to them and to other persons whose incomes might be
affected by tltis measure . In the case of the clergy , some regard would be had in fixing the amounf of compensation to the diminution of their duties , and the consequent saving of expense which they would effect ; but , in consequence of the large proportion of the incomes of some of the clergy derived from these fees , it had been deemed necessary to extend the compensation beyond the existing incumbencies . The amount of such compensation would , however , be subject to revision from time to time . Provision would also be made for compensation to clerks and sextons during the tenure of the present holders of the office . It was calculated by the Board of Health , in their report , that the whole of the expenses , including the compensations and the interest of the money ' borrowed for purchases of burial-grounds ,
and other expenditure , would be completely covered by the receipts on the interments which tbok place ju the district , notwithstanding a great diminution of the present charges in respect of burials . As , however , it would be necessary to mate some provision for the immediate purchase of burial-ground 3 , the hill provided that in case of necessity the deficiency of the receipts might he made up by a rate on the district ; but it was provided that this charge , if it became necessary to resort to it , should not exceed an annual rate of a penny in the ponnri . The Board of Health , in their report , Tecommended that the powers which were neeessary to establish and carry on the system of extramurarinterment should be exercised by a commission specially appointed to carry out the measure . There were , however ,
obvious objections to the creation of a new commission , unless an indispensable necessity could be shown for it , and it had been thought by the government that the Board of Health were fully competent , and were , on the -whole , the besthodv , in the first instance , at least , to carry into effect the measures they had recommended . Their knowledge , acquired in their inquiries and in their other duties , and to a great extent their existing staff , might be thus made available . It was proposed that one additional paid member should be added to the board , and that with this addition , and the appointment of such subordinate officers as might be requisite , they should superintend the measures' necessary for establishing a system of extramural interments for the metropolitan districts . Before he sat down he wished to express the sense which he entertained of
the ability and efficiency with which the Board of Health had discharged the duties imposed upon them , and of tbe Talue of that great mass of information which they had collected and embodied in their report . The thanks of the public were especially due to the noble member for Bath ( lord Ashley ) , who , as an unpaid member of that board had most assiduousl y and useraliy devoted many months of his valuable time to carry out the objects of the board , and to obtain information on the subject to which this bill referred . He ( Sir G . Grey ) would only express his cordial concurrence in the hope expressed in the concluding paragraph of the report of the Board of Health , that their inquiries and recommendations might prove eminently conducive to the public health , by leading at no very distant time to the discontinuance of the great evil , of intramural interments .
Leave was then given to introduce the bill , which was brought in and read a first time . The house adjourned at a quarter past one o ' clock . TUESDAY , April 16 . HOUSE OP LORDS . —This house sat for a few minutes only , during which the Exchequer Bills JHll , and the Brick Duties Repeal Bill were respectively read a third time and passed . HOUSE OF COMMONS . - Taxes on Knowledge . —After the presentation of numerous petitions for the repeal of these taxes
, Mr Gibson rose to move the following resolutions : — Whereas all taxes which directly impede the diffusion of knowledge are highly injurious to the public interests , and are most impolitic sources of revenue , this house is of opinion — 1 . That such financial arrangements or . t to be made as will enable Parliament to repeal the Excise duty on paper . 2 . That it is expedient to abolish the stamp duties now payable on newspapers in Great Britain and Ireland . 3 . That , it is expedient to abolish the duties now payable on advertisements in Great
Britain and Ireland , i . And that the Customs ' duty on foreign books ought to berepealed . " Hon . members were entitled to raise these questions of taxation as broad questions of national policy with the-riew of asking the opinion of the ho se wheth er any particular duty should continue' a permanent part of their system of taxation . It was said a school of repudiation had arisen . ; but " to that school he did not belong . He desired only to examine the incidence of their taxation and the consequence of raising ; it ina particular mode , with the yitii of seeinor whether they could not make their
financial arrangements snch that the public revenue would be maintained without cheeking the diffusion Vit ^ T f jessing any important branch jS&taR' ^ ssLareig
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employment of labour , and other considerations QJ acomniercial ' character'rio ' fc '^ mniedmt ely ' cqnnected with the diffusion of knowledge , heshould ask whether it was in the power of ihe government by any device they could adopt to protect the honest from the fraudulent dealer ? . Notwithstanding the most vexatious measures were adopted , it failed in doing so . "fflienamanufacturer succee dedmmakinepaper from dry materials instead of the wet ™* ^/ Jw which it was laid down in an act i ° ? J f ™??* that paper should be made , steps we « to f ke ^ nrf jsarssftrtt v ^ jg - ^ . i . ; m . / . nmw . toilivit . li . naner . As re garded
employ-= he Jllcd the nttention Of hOU n ^ DOl UJ terested in the rural districts to the fact that tne SufactSrer of paper was perhaps the only rural SaSSrc thatLlted and the tendancy of the tax was to lessen the number of manufactories , the production and export of paper , and consequently to lessen the employment of labour in these rura districts . Mr . Crompton calculated that the repeal of the duty would lead to the employment of 40 , 000 people in London alone on the raanu . acture itself , and on manufactures subsidiary , to it . He said a single newspaper which purchased as much as £ 3 , ° 000 worth of paper in a year employed as much as £ 15 , 000 per annum in labour . When societies were snrinjrin ? up to export the female population
who could not find employment , they ought to pause till they had done something to remove obstacles to tlie employment of labour at home . The chief view which he took of the paper duty related to its effect iu preventing the diffusion of knowledge among the mass of the people . It was no argument to s : iy that the duty on a novel , or on M'Ctdloch ' s Commercial Dictionary \ iovHdboM . only . Iu thepetition presented last year , Messrs . Chambers , of Edinburgh , stated that they had been oblig ed to abandon a work intended to diffuse the blessings of knowledge , and moral culture , and which had a sale of 80 , 000 weekly , because it was unprofitable , the fact being that the paper duty alone would have been a good return . There was a similar statement from Mr . C . Knight in his able
pamphlet—the Struggles of a Book against Excessive Taxation , which contained the history of the struggles of the Fenny Cyclopedia against the fatal effects of the Excise duty on paper . From this it appeared that the Penny Cyclopadia—a . book intended exclusively for the instruction of the poorer classespaid for paper . duty no less than £ 16 , 500 . What an enormous sum to exact from a man before allowing him to spread through this vast community the blessings of knowledge by means of cheap literature ; which , ' iu the words of Sir H . Parnell , "formed the raw material of the social improvement of the working . classes of this country !" Another fact stated by Mr . Knight wa 8 j that within the last twenty years he had expended £ 80 , 000 on copyrights and literary labour , and that he had paid
£ 50 , 000 in paper duty in order to give the world the benefit of that £ 80 , 000 worth of editorial and literary labour . Here was a tax on capital and a pressure on the industry of talented men which , he would be bound to say , was not equalled : by anything in the tariff , either of Customs or Excise . The proprietor of another cheap work—the Working Han ' s Friend—had informed him , that before he employed labour of any kind he was obliged to pay £ 1 , 000 per annum as the duty on paper which he used ; and it iras useless to observe that the paper manufacturer got back these amounts from the consumer ; for the fact was , that this duty prevented the entering npon these speculations at all , and thus the country was deprived ot many means of mentul improvement . He came next to his second
resolution , with regard to the stamp duty on newspapers , and he proposed that the house should resolve that it was expedient toabolisb that duty . ( Hear , hear . ) It yielded about £ 350 , 000 per annum . He knew it was supposed by many that newspapers had the privilege of being carried through the post for nothing , and that in return they mi g ht fairly be expected to pay this amount . Now , he did not picpose in the slightest degree to alter the postal part of the question , being quite prepared to admit that when a newspaper went through the post- it should pay the stamp duty as at present ; but when it did not pass through the post that there should not be a compulsory stamp imposed"upon : it ; and this system was at present adopted in the case of fiftythree registered newspapers , who published
portions of their impressions without a stamp , and the remainder with a stamp . Now , the privilege that was granted to those fifty-three registered newspapers in London he wished iu justice to soo oxtended to all . What good reason was there , if they allowed Punch , the Atlienocum , the . Builder , and Others to publish such portions of their impressions as did not go through the post without a stamp , for not permitting the same privilege to the Daily News ? It might bo said that tho stamp on newspapers was a political question , and that it was necessary to be maintained in order to . keep up the respectability bf our newspapers . But how did it operate as a security ? Why , there were those papers , Sam
Sly , Paid Fry , and the . Town , scurrillous papers , which circulated what he should call news , and news of the worst description , and who lived by libelling individuals , mentioning their names and naming their places of residence , and they had been declared by Mr . Kcogh , the solicitor to the stamp department of thp Excise , not to be liable to the newspaper stamp . It was contended that the stamp duty on newspapers prevented the pelitical press from * circulating among the working classes . He asked , did it ? ( Hear , hear . ) He knew it wa 9 irregular to produce newspapers in that house , otherwise he could have produced a bundle of unstamped publications as large as one , if not both of the red boxes on the table of the house—most' of
them weekly periodicals , which circulated amongst the great mass of the community , and which contained those very political theories which some hon . gentlemen fancied were kept exclusively , in the hands of respectable people " by the imposition of a stamp . He did inot mean to deny that many of these unstamped publications were highly respectable , and were doing much good , but what he wished to point out to the house was , tttat they were all at liberty to spread political theories . The words of the Newspaper Stamp Act were , that any paper that " published intelligence , news , or occurrences , or any remarks or observations thereon , " should be liable to , the stamp duty . Some might perhaps fancy that those latter words , " remarks and observations , " would apply to the political observations which
appeared in the unstamped publications which he had mentioned . The law , however , had no such effect . They gave their political theories without let or hindrance . The Stamp-office did not interfere with the promulgation of any speculative opinions whatever , provided they were not accompanied with the facts which were necessary to test the accuracy of the theories and guide the . people who reai- them in forming a just . opinion thereupon . ( Hear , hear . ) They might giro any opinions they p leased ; they might speculate upon relig ious or political matters to any extent they thought fit , so far as the Stampoffice was concerned ; hut they must not give facts . They might tell falsehoods , there was no tax npon lies—( laughter)—but they must not meddle with truth . I Hear , hear . ) The
Stampoffice could only punish them if they gave , to the working classes the debates of that housp . jor tho proceedings of the courts of law . Was it fitting and right that such a state of things should exist ? To g ive the house some idea of the sort and extent of comments in which these publications were permitted to indulge , the hon . member quoted a passage from a paper called the Lamp , ridiculing what it called " the solemn tomfooleries" of tbe dispute between the Bishop of Exeter and Mr . Gorham . If the law allowed men to say these things he held that it ought also toallowthem to publish the facts to which the comments referred . ( Hear . ) The Lon . member then read an extract from Reynoldf ' s Political 'Instructor , denouncing in strong terms the foreign and colonial policy of the government .
There -was also a paper , the Weekly Tribune , on "the necessity of an entirely , new organisation of society based on principles noteppOBed to , but in accordance with , nature . " ( Laughter . ) After quoting an extract from CocpeSs Journal and J'tain Speaker , commenting on the Queen ' s speech from the throne , the hon . member proceeded to say that the unstamped publications were the only papers that had access to the minds of the working people , in consequence of the law not allowing the higher class of newspapers to compete with them . The result was that there was no opportunity of supplying an antidote to tho ' poison which those lower class of publications found it their interest to administer . Debarred from recording facts , tho conductors of the cheap press were compelled to rack
their brains for something to excite the passions or stimulate the imagination . Sometimes they did nothing more than act upon the nervous system . There was , for instance , the Terrific Record /—that was for nervous people . ( Laughter . ) There was another weekly paper , the name of which he had at that moment forgotten , but which contained a horrible account of a duchess who had been murdered by a maniac , and another " story of real life »' namely , "tho Confessions of a Countess ; or the Life of Lola Slontea" ( "Hear , " and laughter . ) He had been informed by an eminent bookseller in Manchester , that he-sold over his counter , every Saturday , 80 , 000 or 90 , 000 of these penny publications to the working classes
, some of them political , some imaginative , and some religious . This book-BCUcrtold him that he did not believe there was one m fifty of his . customers who would not prefer to purchase tho papers containing theleadingeveuts of the day , but ; they could notaftord the price . After quoting a strong opinion- in- favour . ; of penny newspapers pronounced . , by lord Brougham , when no was Oiincellor , an 4 a . wjsh-i . of .-the ; present Chief Justice , when he was Mr ... Campbelh . tliat the working classes could have , halfpenny , papers ^ the hon ; member . said , a penny stampjon . apenny paper was lOOper .. cent ., ' anduppn . ajialfpflnnjr papcriit was 200 per cent . ; Wm ; this'Viitay which the hojuse ..- ! . '• . — " ¦ ¦ , .. ' •• ' i .-. ;<• .: ' ¦ ¦ . Li -V . , i . u ^ ' -1 •¦ ¦ ¦
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wi 8 he 4 . to 8 ee _ kep ^ up ^^ Venue , " but simply , for tEe ~ tfu rppse of preyenting r tne circulation of the knowledge / of ifatatsamongst tne norKing people- ? - ( Hear ; Jjearj ) ' ; , Thw Has been avowed , and ,, ao far as he waa aware ;' never witndrawnr He shouldbeglad , indeed ; - to . find ; thatiit was withdrawn ; for , it would be . ' better / to put the tax upon a mere revenue' foundatibh than as a matter of public policy to retain it -for the purpose of preventing the circulation of a faithful record iot facts among our fellow-countrymen . "With ; regard : to the present stamped press , especially , the ; dally journals , the Change could not but be beneficial to . them also . The hon . member , ; alter alluding tothe difficulty of defining what a newspaper was , and the
conflicting decisions of the Solicitorof Stamps on the subjeot , showed the nature-of some " of the eva-Bions resorted to . He held in his hand a specimen of a very ingenious device that had been , resorted to by a publisher at Greenock for evading the stamp . This person himself informed him , that having given offence to the authorities by some political observations in a weekly unstamped paper of his , of the character of Chambers ' * Journal he was prosecuted for violation of the Stamp Act , and fined for each of five numbers £ 25 . Hereupon he diligently studied the act , and , finding that printing upon cloth was not within the prohibition , he set to work and printed his journal upon cloth , giving matter " savouring of intelligence , " without the penny
stamp , and calling his paper the Qreenock News Clout , sent it forth despite the Solicitor to tho Stamp-office . ( Laughter . ) Unless it was proposed to establish a censorship , making the Solicitor to the Stamp-office the judge what publication should be read , and what noc read , they must do one of two things ; they must either repeal the stamp duty on newspapers altogether , or they must erifore the law fairly and indiscriminately , and permit no " competition between tax-paying newspapers and untaxed newspapers . ( Hear , hear . ) Let all men bear the burden equally , or relieve all from it . As tothe revenue of £ 350 , 000 from this source , it would not be wholly lost , for there would still be payable , according to his plan , all the stamp duty upon
newspapers gent by post . Uow , there were at present some 86 , 000 , 000 of compulsory stamps issued tor newspapers , and upon Mr . Rowland Hill ' s data it would appear that of these about 70 , 000 , 000 now passed through the post . He would hot say that the whole of these 70 , 000 , 000 would continue to paas through the post , but he believed he might fairly calculate that a large proportion of them would still stamp themselves for that purpose , and ho was strengthened in that supposition by the vast numbers of the 53 registered publications whichstamped themselves for the post , and for the post only . ( Hear , hear . ) But , even did he ask the house to sacrifice a greater portion of the £ 350 , 000 than he honestly believed would be sacrificed , ho felt that
tho sacrifice would" be richly i Compehsated by the inestimable boon which would bo conferred-upon the nation by the circulation of cheap , newspapers among the masses . ( Hear / hear . ) There was no sound reason -why newspapers should not be as cheap here as they were in other , countries , why the poor man should not have his penny weekly paper , or even his penny daily , paper . Of course , for papers on which a higher class of intellect was employed , higher payment must bo made ; but the working man might still have his penny newspaper , giving him the leading facts of the passing time , and , further , information as to the beat mode and place of employing himself . One word as to the hearintrof the subiect upon the law of the land ,
You held that no man was ignorant of tbe law ; you would permit no man who . appeared before a criminal tribunal to plead . that he diduot know the law ; and yet you prevented the' circulation of cheap newspapers throughout the country , of those proceedings in the courts of justice , which were the only , practical mode by which a general knowledge of the laws they were to obey could reach tho people . ( Hear , hear . ) He trusted that tho heuse would not permit the consideration of £ 200 , 000 or £ 300 , 000 , even supposing the sacrifice so much , to interfero with tho enunciation of a great principle . .. .. . ; Mr . Cowan seconded the motion , and described the peculiarly oppressive effects of the paper duty , the incubus of which , with the Excise restrictions ,
checked improvements in the manufacture . British paper formed but a trifling article of our exports . The Chancellor of the Exchequer ! would be always glad to remove taxation when he had the means of doing so ; but he had already appropriated his surplus in a manner which was not disapproved , and he declined to commit himself by a declaration against any particular tax until he had the power of dealing with it . With respect to the paper duty , he controverted the statements of Mr . Gibson and Mr . Cowan as to the vexatious regulations of the Excise , reading documents to show that no excisable article was subject to so few restrictions as paper . Every suggestion for the improvement of tho manufacture nad been carried out with the
cooperation of the Excise Conimissipnors . The amount of the duty was increasing , being .. £ 581 , 000 in 18 iO , and £ 810 , 000 in 1849 . Adding this ; to the amount of the other duties comprehended in Mr ; Gibson ' s resolutions , tho total , was £ 1 , 379 , 000 ; and he hoped , the house would forgive , him for suggesting a few reflections upon these successive proposals for the repeal of taxes , ne was' not more nervous than a Chancellor of the Exchequer ought to be respecting our , finances ; but ho could not look without serious anxiety ' at the course which a portion of the house seemed disposed to pursue . If all these taxes were to be given up , either fresh direct taxes must be imposed , or the expenditure reduced , whereas all the services had been already voted ; and
it was impracticable to diminish expenditure to such an extent . By adopting these resolutions the house would , by its own ¦ deliberate act , create a deficiency of revenue , which would place the country in a position in which fears of repudiation might be entertained ; for if the house caused a deficiency , without providing for it , the public creditor might naturally apprehend that tho credit of the country could not be maintained . Mr . Hume had a motion on the paper to-nig ht for the repeal of Custom duties to the amount of £ 1 , 538 , 000 , so that it was proposed in one night to voto away nearly £ 3 , 000 , 000 . Ho thought it would be unwise and discreditable to do so , and that the house should not even pledge itself that these taxes should be dealt with next session . Taking the motion as a whole , it would , in his opinion , be an act of political suicide to throw away the financial advantages we now possessed , and lie called upon the house to negative the motion . :
Mr . Hume" said , if our large military establishments were reduced there would be an ample margin for repealing these taxos , as well as the window tax , and the duties he proposed to abolish . Let these and all . obnoxious taxes be removed , supply additional means of diffusing knowledge , thereby diminishing crime , and tho country would then enjoy , real relief . : :: Mr . EwAM recommended the substitution of direct for indirect taxation by increasing : its rate upon property , thereby extending labour and cheapening production , which was the true policy of thia country . Mr . AoLiONnT was obliged to vote against the motion , which , whatever its effect , could be of no practical ad vantage to the country . ¦ .: Colonel Thompson hoped to be excused from voting with Mr . Gibson , because he did not consider that by doing so he did more , than oxpress a hope that the Chancellor of the Exchequer would remove these taxes . >
Mr . Roebuck denied that this was a matter for a Chancellor of the Exchequer or of fiscal regulation —it was a question affecting education and the moral condition of the country . He believed that no proposition could bo of equal importance to that of Mr . Gibson , because the people of this country were now asking for oducation , and if it was hot given- to them , there were ' Republicans and Socialists and Communists on the other side uf the water , who , if we did not give the people a right education , would give them a wrong one . The multitude were at present rising up ; . they could not be prevpnted from obtaining political power ; and how great would bo the evil of an ignorant multitude being in possession of tho power of regulating the affairs of this gigantic empire ! He would teach them to understand their own interests / and then they would minister to the interests of mankind .
Lord J . Russell recapitulated some of tho objections offered to the motion by Sir C . Wood ; who , he thought , had taken a right view of the question when he asked the house to consider-its effects upon the general interests of the . country as regarded public credit . It was the duty of the government to see that the credit was not shaken , and to place distinctly . before tho house the consequences ot adopting the proposed resolutions . Tho governments with which he had been connected had not been indifferent to those taxes , Lord Althorp had reduced the advertisement duty , and Lord Monteagle had diminished , the stamp duty on newspapers , and the excise duty on paper . These reductions amounted to £ 775 , 000 upon the very articles referred to in Mr . Gibson ' s motion ; nndlf nootlier taxes were ^ morc objectionable , he should be ready to reduce ' them . " still ' . ' 'fuvthcivioivi abolish them
altogether .. He , however , thought /; there had been great exaggerations as to ; the advantages : of abolishing these . taxes , which ; were .. 'invidiously termed "taxes upon knowledge . " It was Very desirable that the people should have political intelligence . ; - but much of the , matter contained in newspapers , was . hardly to bo dignified •' * with the name of knowledge ; V \ Yith . regard to the higher class of newspapers ' , tlie reason why their price was so high was that they wero , put ; to an . aimzing expanse to obtain ; e . irly . intelligence . ;; Tho . i state of France , to . which Mr ! , Roebuck , had alluded , was not owing to , the , want of newspapers . or of eduoa-, tion ; tmfc from . tHe , newspapers . attacking -government in the ,, ab , straet , and from , th& . scho ' olmasters endeavouring to iendeEreligipn odious .-i He asked tHe'hoHsj p ' tp ; reject ' the motion , though agreeing with ' , / ' ''" . f . . ' " ' i . ¦• I .,., i ' ., , ' ¦ ' . ¦ - ,. . - -v ( ' ¦ \ . ¦( \ ! - ¦¦ ' ' ' ' (¦ '
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iH ^ rim S £ ] £ asked them , therefore , to concur mthinm urreiecting"tbe motion , arid thereby ' . ahow *> the country thlir determination to maintain its ; oredit , and that they were worthy of the people they repre-Se Mr ? bi 8 HABLi reminded the house that <^ que £ tion immediately before them related ^ simplytolhe duty on paper ; but . he could not view the question Selylpart from the financial exposition of the government . He held it to be *' g *«^' I J ? n ffi two considerationsought to ^™ e t a ZSt Minister in : dealing with a surp us-fiist , the relief of any suffering interest ;; and if there ^ re none , secondly , the reduction of the pnMw ^ ' 5 ? S * L iZ fhn /{ . i , « rB was an interest ereatly suffering he .. « .,.. _ ^ ^ . ^^ -nf ^ hiB ^ h wnHmiBrbttS ttny ^ "
h ? d proposed to relieve it 5 ' ^ the government naa ODPOsed'this proposition , and instead of devoting the surplus to a reduction of the debt , they had so appliedit . as to leave a portion of it unappropriated , and Mr . Gibson asked that a part should be applied to repeal the duty upon paper . He ( we Disraeli ) had to consider , then , whether upon the whole , it was most for the advantage of the country that that duty should be repealed , or that tne Chancellor of the Exchequer-should remam in . posession of thia fund without any security that ne would discreetly apply it , for he had ^ not stated what he intended to do with the Stamp Act . ; ihere might be two opinions as to the other resolutions , but his opinion was , that it would be prudent , politic , and beneficial to the country to repeal the Pa The house having divided , the resolution was negatived by 100 to 89 . ¦ -,- «* , The other resolutions were negatived without a
Industrial Investments . —Mr . Slanet then rose to move for a select committee to consider and suggest means of removing obstacles and giving : faoilitiesto safe investments for the savings of the middle and working classes , and for affording them tne means of forming societies to insure themselves against coming evils frequently recurring , ino richer the person and the larger the investment the less did it cost in proportion . . Now , taking a man possessed of £ 5 , 000 as representing the richer class he might invest that sum in land at a cost of only £ 2 lOi . per cent ., or £ 125 . A man possessed of only £ 500 might represent the middle class , but the investment of that sum in land would cost him £ 10 ner cent ., or £ 50 . -whilst a man possessed oi
only £ 50 could not invest it for less than ± -20 per cent ., or £ 10 . That gave the humbler classes a strong claim to relief being afforded to them in some other mode Of investment . " It mig ht be said they could invest in the public funds ; but they might invest when the funds were high , and be obliged to sell out whenthe funds were low , and thereby lose a part Of their capital . There was already an example for what he proposed . ^ The other day a large lodging-house for the humbler classes had ^ been established in this metropolis , in shares , yielding profit , and he believed that the noble lord at the head , of the government and the Chancellor of the Exchequer , as well as the noble lord lately at the head Of tho Woods and Forests , were partners in it . _ A charter had been grunted to it , and it was being local im
carried on by joint capital . But the - provemenris which he proposed could not at present be undertaken without a separate act of parliament in each case . He asked , then , only that the same principle should be applied in this case as was applied for the landed gentry a short time since for the enolosure of commons , at a comparatively small expense . Ho did not ask the government to give anything , but to afford to the humbler classes the means of a safe ' investment for their small savings . If the government thought his motion was-too extensive . 'and refused it , he trusted they would consider the subject ^ for he felt confident that , for the encouragement of the middle and humbler classes , and attaching them to this country , nothing was of more consequence than to give them every facility for the safe investment of what they had obtained
by their labour and diligence . Mr . Labououeri : had great pleasure in stating , he did net feel it necessary to oppose the motion of his hon . friend ; No one could doubt that the object of his hon . friend was of tho utmost importance , and he thought it probable that the committee might obtain valuable information on various topics connected with it ; at the same time / some of thoso topics were of great difficulty . He agreed with his hon . friend , that it was of great consequence for industrious persons among the humbler claBaea to have greater facilities than-they now possessed of investing their savings in an easy and safe manner , and he should be glad by every means in his power to remove the obstacles to carrying out that object ,
Tho inquiry , however , would involve serious questions connected with tho law of partnership , upon which point ho would refer . to the evidence given by many of the most eminent men in the mercantile world , before the committee of 1837 . But ho would suggest to his hon . friend tho propriety of altering the terms of his motion , as the latter part of it was not very clear . The first part of it' was for a select committee to consider and suggest means of removing obstacles , and giving facilities to safe investments for the savings of the middle and working classes , and so far was clear , enough ; but the latter
part Of it , " and for affording them the means of forming societies to insure themselves against coming evils frequently recurring , " was obucure . The hon . member had better omit tho Words . Mr . P . Howard hoped the committee would direct its attention to tho removal of the difficulties with which building societies had to contend . Mr . SLANEYsaid he might defend the phraseology of his motion by high authority— " Coining events cast their shadows before them ; " but nevertheless he would omit the passage which had been objected to . ; Tho motion , as amended , was agreed to .
WEDNESDAY , April 17 th . HOUSE OP COMMONS . —Education Bill . —On the motion for the second reading of this bill Mr . Stafford moved that it be read that day six months . In a . speech of considerable length , he cautioned the house neither to outrage the religious opinions of the country , nor to accede to a new 8 ystem of centralization of a most objectonable nature . The country had a strong feeling against merely secular education , and both tho National Society and the British arid Foreign School Society Vere opposed to it . lie regarded the Bill as an assault upon civil and religious liberty , and concluded by solemnly denouncing the establishment of schools in which the name of the Redeemer would never bo heard . ,
The Earl of ARUNDELand Surrey seconded the motion , and as a Catholic , declared indignant hostility to a system in which religion was not made the first consideration . He dwelt upon the demoralization which he said had been caused in France by the adoption of the new system of education , and proceeded to denounce a variet y of cheap works published in England , and reprinted here , from America , and in which the history and character of the Saviour were treated with apparent devotion , and admiration , while in reality the Gospel . narrative was discarded , and the language it placed in the mouth of Christ was described as inconsistent and unworthy of Him . Asserting that such publications were-. favoured by the atheistic school which produced this Bill , he deblared that we were . gathering for the great battle ! between religion and infidelity , God-and the Devil , Heaven and Hell . ' Mr . Roebuck contended that tlie attack of the
previous speaker was unjust , and that secular education did not mean atheism . He said that the hostility of Lord Surrey to the bill arose from the fact that secular , education withdrew the people from a meddling priesthood , whom he insisted on calling a Church , which it was not . He ( Mr . Roebuck ) , was just as much a minister of the church , when tenching his children , as any priest in the world , This was ; a question not of religion , but of policy . . 'He natnednuie different religious parties who had to decide on this bill , and said that if they all came together and opened the Bible , no one would agree with another as to what its teaching meant . How , then , was it possible for Parliament to afford religious education ? A'rid so we were to do nothingjugt because ' we-were a Christian nation :. , : •!_ ,.
Lord AsHLBT said that it was impossible to overrate the importance of this quescion ; and he denounced in the most solemn way the system of teaching which , ¦ while it effected to impress Christian upon a ehil . i , denied , him the acknowledge that the founder of that morality was the Son of his God . He argeed against the enactment , on the ground of tlie extensive interferance it would exert over all the educational , bodies in . the country , on the ground that it would causean immediate levy of taxes to the amount of upwards of two . millions , but . chiefly on the ground that it , was a scheme withholding Christianity from the people . . ! ., ¦; , ¦ M r . Monckton Milnes thought that the'opponents of the measure ought to ; have brought iorwa ' rd . S ' plan of education ; ( which thereicould be no doubt was demaridid by thecountryj ) which should combine the religious and-the secular , conditions . » :
Lord' J , Russell said ; in speaking ot this bill lie wished t 6 avoid as . much , as possible all . intemperance , and to make- , every , admission which- was fairly dueto the author of the bill ; and to ; the : bill itself .. ' ln ' thi ( fir 8 t place , it could not be denied that . there was a ; lamentable , want of education amongst the poorer classes , ; and that it was desirable that' Parliament Bhonld endeavour to-remedy ; the deficieiicy ; 'iri tho next place , he thought it wpuld be" utijiisti lo infer that ; ifi the schools proposed by this bill were established , it would follow , as anecess ' ai'T conkequence / tliht the doctrines inculcated in the writings referred-- to by Lord Arundelwould'be ' -prevaleht amonR ^ the teachers . But ho thought any edbcatlAi on si hierli ' i secular hasi 8 : would . bo . ] amontab 1 y ;> nsuffl 6 ien ! i ' : and that any scholastic system , in ' wliiolvtheiimniortal parbbfihari would be lost-sight of ,- would ( unles svin / ciroumstances-of the greatest necessity ) be , a sad falling off-from , tho ^ K
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shafj ^ oi ^ tiae ^ i ^^^ with the . liberties of Englishmen , and , ffilto'fte , charw ter « tlie numerdus and ^ admirable Bchdols ^ alreo dyin «»«« nce i iriinosi 6 f wMoh ' -tha'M&rtioMf-a religlous'princlple was the-impprtarit : element . VAf ? pb ' werJwaffJproposea to oe given to = Oto .. Cbmmittee oWyy-Pquncitfo force a system upon theiiatioii ; ana" he thought the enormous power or taxation -which was also tobe ( riven ' tob ' -most objectionable . - / The-Bill had riot at all been what he expected , and he should therefore supportMr ^ Stafford ' samendment .: wiBhed , however , that parliament had more information upon the subject , after obtaining which the question might be reconsidered . ' : ¦ - < ; -. ¦ • ¦ : ;; : ;• - '"¦ - ' ¦ ' ! Mr . Hdmb supported the Bill , and Bald that Mr . Fox ' s Statements ' on ' introducing it had not been answered .. He expressed great regret at the unexpected and inconsistent conduct of Lord John RusselL ' lf : ; / ' ^ - The Marquis of Blandfobd spoke against the Bill . . f . 5 f ^ f « iS ^ ° ? S ^ fi , lroTanil with , the character of
Upon tlie motion of Mr .. CflisHoui Anstbx , the debate was then adjourned for a fortnight . . . Ths orders ot the ' day were then disposed of . ( Fromowr Second'Edition of ' last ivuk . J THURSDAY , Apbil li ; HOUSE OF COMMONS . —National Land ComrAKT . —Mr . G . ' Beiuwle ? presented a petition from Gioucostor stating the confidence of the petitioners in Mr . F . O'Connor ' s Land Scheme . iParliambntary - Voters ( Ireland ) Bill;—The ho «»« having resolved itself into committee , Lord J . RuasEii , with reference to a proposition made by Mr . MonsellJ when this bill was last under eonsideration in committee , for the union of towns
and boroughs for the purposes of the bill , stated that it hud been attentively considered , and the result was that there were many objections to entertaining the proposition in the present bill . He reviewe d the different plans suggested for carrying the proposition into effect / pointing out the objections to which they were severally open ; and observing that tho whole subject required serious consideration , he rocommeided that it should be reserved for a future session , and that tho bill should be adopted as it stood . All ; the clauses contained in the bill were got through without any material alteration ; as well as th « neYir clauses and sehedulea , and the bill was reported ^ . / _ ; , ¦ '; . ; v : . , ' ,. 1
, pntheorder of the day for the second reading of the ' Distressed Unions Advances and Repayment of Advances ( Ireland ) Bill . ' ¦ Colonel Sibthorp objected to the progress of this bill , in the absence' of certain returns , of the nonproduction of which he complained ; he likewise objected to the grant itself , and moved that the House . shouldadjourn . ' ¦ : - ' - ¦ ' After some time spent in discussing this motion , the Chancellor of the Exchequer made ariearnest appeal to Irish members and the House to allow the bill to proceed , this loan ( for it was not a grant ) being greatly needed in Ireland , and on a division the m otion lor adjourning was negatived by 131 against 23 . The bill was then read a second time . The Judgments ( Ireland ) Bill was read a third time and passed ; (¦ ¦; - ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦¦¦ - ¦ - Other bills were advanced a stage , and the House adjourned at a quarter past 1 o ' clock .
• i ( from ow Third Edition of last week . ) . ¦ . Friday ; apbil 12 . HOUSE OF LORDS . — The Convict Prisons Bill . was ' read a third time and passed , after some discussion , iu which Lord Littleton , Lord Wodehouse , the Earl of Ilchesteh , Lord Stanley , and Lord Montea ( 3 LE took part . The house then adjourned . . . ; HOUSE OF COMMONS . —Salaries of Public OrFicEBs . —Lord John Russell moved for a select committee to inquire into , the salaries arid emoluments of offices held during the pleasure of the Crown , by ; Members of either House of Parliament , voted in the annual estimates ; and also into the salaries and emoluments of judicial offices in the superior courts of law and equity in the United
Kingdom ; and into the retiring pensions . allotted to tne judges ; and also into tho expense of diplomatic establishments . charged on .- the consolidated fund . / ' Mr . Disraeli opposed tho motion ,. and moved the following amendment ;— ' That this house is in possession of all the information requisite to revise and regulate public salaries : that parliamentary committees of inquiry , under such circumstances , would only lead to delay ; : and that it is the duty of the government , on their own responsibility , forthwith to introduce the measures that may be necessary for ,, effecting every reduction in . the national establishments consistent with the efficient discharge of the public service , " A long discussion ensued , when the house divided .
For the amendment ... ... 159 Against it ... _ ... 250 Miijority against Me , Disraeli Miijority against Me , Disraeli
91 Mr . Horsman then moved a second amendment to extend the inquiry of the committee into the incomes of ecclesiastical dignitaries . The hon . member proceeded to give a variety of details showing that theprelates were , paid more highly , and every way more lavishly endowed , and less severely worked , than any of the judges or ministers of the croivn . The whole system enlled for a strict investigation . - ¦¦¦ . !•''• ¦ . Sir O . Grist opposed the amendment , and said that the Jay and the religious questions were totally distinct , and ought not to be confounded in the same inquiry , which would thereby be rendered unpractical and useless . ' the house divided— , ' "
For the amendment— a , r ... 95 ' Against ... ... 208 Majority against Mr . Horsman -113 The motion for appointing the select committee was then put and carried , and the house adjourned .
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MIDDLESEX SESSIONS . Illegality of Betting Lists . —The court sat on Monday at Clerkenwell , for the purpose of hearing appeals against the refusal of the divisional justiceB to grant and renew public house licenses ; Mr . Sergeant Adams , the assistant judge , presided . The first case on the list was an appeal by Samuel Searle , against the refusal of the justices of the division of St . Mai'tin-m-the-Fields , to renew a license under tbe 9 Geo . IV . y c . " 61 , to sell exciseable liquors in the house called the Salisbury Arms , Durham-street ; Strand . Counsel having been heard , the- learned Judge said the bench : was unanimously of opinion that these betting lists were "gaming , " and therefore by the publicity given to the proceedings there , the trade would have a distinct intimation that the
licenses of those who persisted in keeping betting lists would be endangered ; and the magistrates below had taken a very judicious course in bringing the matter forward . Any future infraction of the law in tliis respect -would be severely dealt with , and this the bench wish to be understood . This license was granted , with £ 10 costs to be paid by the appellant , with this intimation also , that he must discontinue the betting . lists . .-. : . ' In the case of JosepTiBaiT , of the Windsor Castle , and the case of Sattbry Middleton , of the White Swan , Long-acre , the renewal of whose licenses had been refiiaed onr thev ' B ' anie grounds , were then granted , upon promises " that betting lists should be discontinued in their houses , each ' of theso appellants paying £ 10 costs . ' : ' ¦ ¦ ' ¦ ¦
Music and Dancing Licenses . —This was an appeal against a refusal torenew the license to the Hope ; Stephen-street , Lisson-grovei Mr . Huddlestone said he opposed this nppeal on" behalf of the justices , who refused to reiiew-the license , on the ground that the appellant had suffered music and dancing arid card playing in his . house , but more particularly for the mariner in which the appellant facilitated the escape from bis houseof a man whom a woman accuaed of robbin ^ hdr in the room where tho dancing was going 6 n : 'Wh ' en the officers arrived the gas was turned off , and the ' man got away , but he was- afterwards taken , ^ iedi . n >? tnis court , and ' sentenced to six- months'' hard labour . The facts were communicated to the justices by the CommiasiohDrs'of Police / and the justices felt bound to refuse tho < Jiceiise . —After ¦ some discussion the
license was renewed , with . an lntiiriation that the music and tlhincing wfi ' s to bo 'discontinued ; and that all publicans who had' music and dancing in'their houses , '' and had their licenses refused , in consequence , would havo but little chance of success on appeal tothe Quarter Sessions . Granted , with an order , bri appellant for £ 10 costs .
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. ' ., '' CLERKENWELL COUNTY COURT . Wblls v . Wells . —Father and Son . —The plaintiff , who appeared by . attorney , Mr . Dadley , sought to recover the . sum of , £ 13 i 4 » . tor . money-lent . — His Honour ; , As the ; dejbt is : riot disputed , how do you offer to pay it ?—Defendant V I can only offer 10 s . per month . —Mr . Dadley : . I am instructed to oppose this offer .. The defendant some time since came to . ah arrangement with me to pay a certain sum and which ho has not fulfilled . I now call upon him-to . pay that ' sum forthwith , and I am conlent , to accept this ' offer . —His Honour ; What are you , , and what are youivc'rcuuistiinces ?—Defendant : 1 am librarian to ; the . Stock Exchange ; and my salary is but £ 100 a year . —Uis ; Uonou . r :: I perceive tf " , names , are , alike , ; Vqre you a relative of tlie plaintiffs J-rrDefondaiit v . lie-is my father , and ; holds
a > situation m- tho . rS . tpek Exchangers' well -as ' -my " - self .,, ; ; j l-Io . is storekeeper ¦ t | iere . —His Honour What . afathpr . sueliiS'Soniu this court for money lentfrrrlt . is indent ! painful . —The I ) ofeiidant ( bursting ; into tears ) : I feel it , tp . be so , your , honour , and could I b y any possibility ; liiVve escaped . the expo-? " ? £ / J ; ' - ^ ' sonjj-would- have dpno so . Through illness ,, andl my : poorinejins , j . fe . U iii ^ o .. difficulties . 1 o wedj £ 55 , arid being ! sorelyimportuned ; my fatjior ailvahcL'd me , tliemoneyho ^ now- presses me for . ' I h ^ ve otlier- engagomeii . ts to meet , and if I could pay morethan ^ Os . per mon , tuI ; dp , assure youiv , honour , I would "riot ' dispute : ; > ny ; arrangement my fatherj : throMgji ; h ' w , ' solicitor , ; desires , —The . Jearned Judge ) obseiyeijj that , thu ' . casei w , as . one which -he .- hoped-^ eldom 'b pcurred , ; Here was ; a . father . suing his own son for assistance rendered . his . . , offijpring ,. to release Mm from pecuniary . diffioul . tJgB . j .-aml / father and son
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CORN . Makk-iAne , Monday , April 15 The snmr ; lisk grain to-day were short , but we have S , % l ? , of foreign wheat , barley , oats , and £ NeaiSBe ' nnight , with some iurthei- quantity of S , Ce this ' ? trade was very dull ,, the . best sampkVS ^ 1 and inferior sorts 2 s per qr . under h « t y ? " * " ^ Foreign wheat was offered Is to ' » s imr a J '» Pri quality , but met very few buyers . There w ^ " ^ ^ f " in flour , but sales were quite retail . Fin ,. p " ^ 'WsS sold fully as dear , having very little here Ld | h * « of foreign were taken off at full prfe' " ^ W samples were rather cheaper , with a ' , 0 Ul « UofeS neglected . Fine dry beans and peas , both « T , " *• U maintained their prices , Oats sold h " aJi 5 ll C and fid to Is cheaper , ovnm tn n . « ^ Y ? ""WJ
almost nominal . Cloverseeds very dul 1 c , i ateH aJ prices . In Unseed cakes no alteration TW r e ^ id asunder . ¦ currcnt ptiS British . — Wheat—Essex , Suffolt ami r \ . ; to 37 s , ditto white 3 Gsto « s , IJncoln w ' u ^ ' ^ S'i shire / red 30 s to ' 34 a , NorthumbeS Z f ' T ^ JOs to 35 » . ditto red 30 s to 33 s , Devoaliure ^^ 8 hire ,, red , -s to-s , ditto wldte-to . % l > 2 barley , 20 g to 23 s , Scotch 19 s , ^~ t 2 y iH % Malt ordinary , -s to -3 , palelGstow , ° 5 to s 20 s to 22 s , maple 23 s to 25 ^^ 0 ^ % ©'^ 24 sto 2 Gs , beans , large , new 10 s to 20 s ticks *? le 1 harrow , 23 s to 20 s , pigeon , 2 os to % l \™ Tu ! ^ Yorkshire ^ fted , 13 s to igS | ditto l& } $ * 15 s . to 17 s , Berwick and Scotch , 153 to is , ^ feed , 13 s to lis , Irish feed and black 1- > tn u ^ potato , 14 sto 16 s , Unseed ( sowing ) 50 s to " 5 " s ,. ; ' ""i Essex , new £ 30 to £ 31 per last , eari-uwaAed k ' - * " * 27 s to 32 a per cwt , rape cake , £ 4 to i'Ufis „„ 5 ^ seed , £ 9 . 0 s . to £ 9 103 . per 1 , 000 , flour , pers £ , ^ * $ & ship , 24 s to 2 Gs , town , 35 s to S 7 s . 01 •* , Fobeiok . —Wheat : —Dantzi g , 38 s to 15 s , Anton Marks . 83 to 39 s , aitte white , afisto 39 s , 1 ' omeVS . "
35 s to 37 s , Rostock 38 s to -42 s , Danish , HoS ^ Friesland , 30 sto 33 s , Petersburgh , Ai-cliangd , andV 28 a to 31 s , Polish Odesea , 30 s to 34 s , Marianopoli inS dianski , 80 s to 32 s , Taganrog , 28 s to ills , ftiSl « French , 32 s to 34 a , ditto white , 34 s to 33 s , Salouica ^ 31 s , Egyptian , 22 s to 24 s , rye , 19 s to 21 s , barley w £ ' and Rostock , lGs to 19 s , Danish , lCstu 22 s , Sail SS 19 s , East Friesland , 13 s to 14 s , Egyptian , 12 s to 13 s im i ' 12 s to 14 s , peas ,, white , 22 s to S 3 s , new boUc « T ' 2 Ss , beans , horse , 18 s to 22 s , pigeon , Ms to 'fc'S !} tian , 18 s to 20 s , oats , Groningen , Danish , BictnenS Friesland , feed and black , 10 s to li ' s , ditto , thick and hn , 13 s to lCs , Kiga , Petersbvu-gh , Archangel , and Sw > di&n to 13 s ; . flour , United States , per Mis ., SOstoa- i b » burgh 10 s to 21 s , Dautzig and Stettin 20 s to 21 s , PreiS 2801 bsM 28 s to 30 s . ¦* Wednesday , April 17 . —We have again to report ah ,- , supply , of grain to this market , as per statement bel-n The accounts from ttlOSt Of OW provincial and 0 ) 3 , 1 markets advise us of a dull trade and declining prices , % are to-day without activity on our market , but theratai i Monday may be considered without alteration . '
Arrivals this week : — Wheat—English , 1 , 350 quarts foreign , 10 , 310 quarters . Barley—English , 1 , 84 D quiwen foreign , 6 , 380 quarters . Oats—English , l , S 70 quartet foreign , 26 , 060 quarters . Plour—Englisli , 'J . SGU sacks , Hiohmond ( Yobksiiuie , ) ApriH 3 . —We had a fair sujri of grain in our market this moi'iiin ; . ' , whiuh wasallyi off , but there was no advauee on last week ' s prices . - ^ Yheat sold from 4 s 3 d to 5 s Gd ; outs , Is 10 d to 235 d barley , 3 s Od to 3 s Cd ; beans , 3 s ( id to 3 s 9 d per bushd '
BREAD . The prices of wlieaten bread in the metropolis are&a Gd . to 61 d . '; of household ditto , 4 d . toajd , per 4 lbs , lost
CATTLE . Sjuthpield , Monday , April 15 . —With foreign stocks market was very scantily supplied , while its general qiafe was by no means first-rate . The numbers of hmi beasts on offer tliis morning were considerably less ( hi those exliibited on this day se'niiight . Their condita was , hon-euer , prime . Notnithstanding tlife UtlfaMlUili weather for slaughtering , the beef trade , owing to tte paratirelj small supplies of meat iu Newgate and Leste hall , ruled firm , at an adrance on tho prices of llondi last of quite 2 d per Slbs ., the primest ^ cots selling roB at 3 s 6 d ner Slbs .. andagoodclearanee waseflk'tcd .. Ffi
Norfolk , Suffolk . Essex , and Cambridgeshire we KWi 1 , 700 Scots and Shorthorns ; from other parts oi'Ens'e 500 Herefords , Runts , Devous , itc . ; and from Seoite 240 Scots . There was a slight falling off in thesupplri sheep ; jet it proved seasonably esteosive . ah tree sold freely , and the quotations improved Sd per JJs Prime old Downs , in the wool , realised 4 s 2 d to 43 &l ; ta out of the wool , 3 s 6 dto 3 s- 8 d per Slbs . We hadaafa prored d « iaandfoi' lambs , at 2 d pei" 81 bs . mowmraj . Prime Down breeds . went at 5 s lOd per 81 bs . The ale& calves was inactive , yet pWces were fairly supports ii pigs very little vfas doing , ' at late rates .
llEiD Of Catti-e at Smithfield . —Friday . —Beasts , w gliGGp , 3 . 010 ; calves , 260 ; pigs , 300 , Mundaj .-lfaii 3 , 205 ; sheep , 13 , 830 ; calves , 92 ; pigs , 240 . . Price per stone of Slbs . ( sinking the offal . )—Beef , 2 s mj 3 s 5 d ; mutton ; 2 sl 0 dto 4 s 4 d ; veal , 3 s 0 d to 3 s W ; pork , 3 s 2 dto 4 s 0 d .: .. ; NEWGATE AMD LBADESHAlt i Monday , April 1-5 . —IaftK beef , Is lOd to 2 s 2 d ; middling ditto , 3 s Hi to i ' s ert j pria largo , 2 s 8 d to Zs lOd ; prime small , 3 s tfd to 3 s 2 d ; la ? pork , 2 s lOd to 3 s 4 d ; inferior mutton , 2 s lid to $ » i middling ditto , 2 s Sd to 2 sl 0 d ; prime ditto , 33 Od toSsl i veal , ' 2 s 104 to 3 s 8 d ; small pork , 3 i Cd to 4 S fti ; lambs , 4 s 8 d to Ss Sd ; per Slbs . by the carcase .
PROVISIONS . LosDOif , Monday . —Since our last the demand for Irii butter slackened , and the transactions last week wok * - a more limited scale . The stock has further diminisW , th » market , however , closed dull . The supplies otwwp were lai-ge , and prices for the test kinds 4 s to . Cs perc « . Cheaper . Bacon .-Kather more was doing in Irish of vf cure , at Is . advance . There was a steady sal * m American , at last quotations . In hams a nd larU « aw » sny T&risitioTi > > jji Enolisq Bdttteb Makket , April 15 .-Traiic is very * with us , and prices are fast running down . - "" If" . , | ' j noir comes in . an increased supply , SO < l 083 U'CSli ; , there is much difficulty ia keeping English butter W ^ off . Dorset , fine' weekly , 8 Gs to 90 s per cwt . ; ditto > m dling , 70 s to 80 s ; ditto old , nomiual ; fresh 8 s to i « P doz . lbs .
FISH , POULTRY , i-c . New HnNGEEFOBD .-Tui'bots 2 s Od to Ms ; brills 2 a ; W » 5 s Od : codfish 4 s Od to CsOd- ; whitings 4 d to Odji ^ M ' Cd t » Sd ;• haddocks' Oa ' to Is 3 d ; red nlull f V " nljr and lobsters Is Cd to 2 s 8 d each ; soles 6 d to ' h IA W 1 » ' fresh herrings , Od to 0 s ; . and smelts isOdto " *^ dozen ; eels , 3 d to la ; and salmon , Is 3 d to Is od p » i "tS ^^ w ^^^ T-M ^ j w yiS t&ismsAtiiSiiissf ^ jgi to 3 s Gd " ; guinea fowls , 3 s Od to 3 s Gd ; partotes . * . «^ OS 0 ; and pigeons 6 d to Sd each . Meat per 1 £ r ^ J , lrgs ' of mutton 7 d , shoulders fid . necks 5 d and brwto ^ ^ StSSliSs 5 id to CJd p ' erlb .-5 uppl 5 good , trade moderate .
FRUIT , VEGETABLES , ic . Forced asparagus . 3 s . to 7 s , rhubarb 6 d to U « g brocoli 8 d to 2 s per bundle ; cucumbers Is od to * w ^ strawberries 2 s to ? s per ounce ; apples is 3 d to 4 » , » w 15 s to 20 s , onions Is 3 d to Is , 6 d , parsley Wd to ls > » spinach 4 d to Gd per half , sieve ; red cabbages -S | " : ' Savoys Gd to 3 d , celery Gi to Is , Horseradish Is M to- " and early summer wbbages Is to Is 3 d per dozen » j turnips Is 6 d to 2 s , carrots 3 s 6 d to is . ud , s f L , to 2 sperdozenbunclie 3 , - ., foreig ! i groPes u * ° 's ' ,,,-ei apples 0 s to 10 s , and filberts Is to Is lid per ft . ¦ •*? %$ Oi to 14 s , lemons 5 s to 9 s , and forced French 1 'eans - ^ to 3 sperl 00 ; seal « de Is to 2 s , mushrooms < Mto i * j new potatoes Is to Is 3 d per punnet ; turnip -gi * . ns 8 d , and brocoli sprouts lUi to Is per bushel basket , ju » radishts Is to Is 3 B per dozen bauds .
¦ ¦ POTATOES . giinrawAnK Waterside , April 15 . —Our market coagj to be abundnntly supplied from the continent , all ot «" are selling heavily at : a low price . York itegents iu' « sw ^ j and are realising a high " figure . ' Tho following aie . . day ' s quotations : —Yorkshire llegents Ods to 120 s ptf l "" Wisbeclv ditto -- to —S ; Scotch-ditto' 70 s to : 80 s : ;^ Cups 50 s to 60 s ; Ditto Whites 40 s to -43 s ; \ ^ i Whites 40 s to GOs ; Rhenish and Belgian 40 s to 30 s . W 40 s to 4 as . ' j . - - ¦
yiooh . Cm , Monday ) April l 5 .-.. The imports of wool into Ion * - last week included 1 , 018 bales from Van Diemci ) s «« 8 , 38 G ; from Pprt . Philip , 055 from Alicoa Hay , ? « ' J"L Madras ; Belgium , Italy , ic . . The market for , uool it S ^ arid for the May auctions there will bo a foil c «<" » "' arrivals of toVeign arc'increasing . ' . ... ,.: tiinntaM Livehpool , -April 13 .-Scotch .-We arc still *«»» M active demand for Scotch wool of either clastOS ., ° -- j . li ( stocks being very low , holders arc pretty fin »; lt llwu ratesl' ' , , , ... «• 1 , 1 $ Imports for tlie week 243 bags ; previously tlu » }* i l ) aes .... : ' , ¦ ; ¦ . . ; ( iiuivetfe Fokeion , —There liave been several "'• ' ival ^;'" find principally from the West Coast , the latter CM " , buyei'son landing at late rates .. ' ;• ..,,:,, year ., Imports for the . weeU 3 , 300 bales ; in-eviousl } tui » ,. lC 835 baIe 3 . ' . " . '¦ ' J ' ' . -. ¦ . : ; ¦ ¦ ¦
. . „ _ ; " '; - ¦ - -: - . TALLOW . - ' | f Tailow ; -Monday , Aprill 5 .-F 6 i-ti » e tii ' ne of yett ; , average" amount ' of business is-doing m ' our ""'" last , ¦ prices about equal , to " ,. those . . obtained on ; Jloniw * , . L » Y C . on tlie spot . being . quoted at 3 ( is Ud to o 7 s , ^ . ( j delivery during the' last three inontlis ' 35 s 8 d to , li per cwt . Town Tallow 30 s-9 d ' per cwti' r . et cash . lv r $ fat 2 s per . 8 l . b 3 j : fiuv . St , Petersburg ; letter brings 1 * higher figures , , . : ¦ ,. - - 'r . ' . -, " = ¦ > -. r ' ¦ - . hay . ; .. ;/ . i . Saturday , April 18 . —Sjiitbeielt . —A fuU average sllW' - and a heavy demiuid . . ComisEBLAm—Supply gootl . niid trade voi-y dull-
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' ¦ ' : BRITISH COLLEGE OP up ! Kkt-boad ^ LoSo ? 41 TO THE FINANCIAI & gooiu *„ THROUGHOUT GREA ^» jw FELLOw-CouNTimiES .-Prove . , - ^ ™ can , how the doctors tor ages clmVffi ^ 'W tho question or their health , and all 5 ? 'Si ? that-you demand must follow , Jd £ . * t $ secession . The dishonesty of the S r ' ° , ' S be most easily established . modl eai bi , ip We are , rellow-O ountrymen ^ Yours in thc . causo 01 Saluuvy pnf A The Mbmbkrs of the Un , ; r ° i ! , ^ lth ' 1850 ' " S-iS •<*¦ — - ™ 111 —Ml ^^ te ^ i ^—^_ . " 1
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), April 20, 1850, page 8, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1570/page/8/
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