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Northern Star (1837-1852), 9th March 1850, Edition 1 of 3, Page 2

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    • i^rWwn SUCCESS 0F TIIE SEWMOM OP f 11BATMENT . WHICH HAS NEVER PAILPn
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      FSR . ALFRED BARKER , 108 , Great Bug ! . tr- ¦ ' , '"sticet > Bloomsbury-square , London , ( near th » 1 ntwh Museum ) , having Jmrta vast amount of prScdc * ? the various hospitals in London nnd . n the Contiul- t ' s enabled to treat with the utmost certainty of cure every vanety ot disease arising front solitary and seiK X Jiaiuts , indiscriminate excesses , and infections , « u ' cli m gonorrhoea , gleet , strictures , and syphilis , or venereal disease , m all its various forms and stages , whstlier . fri maryov secondary , whidi , owing to negfeet or imwo-er treatment , invariably end in gout , rheumatism < £ ;» uiseascs

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      If m anki . vd are liable to one disease more than another , or if there are any particular affections of the human body we require to have a knowledge of over the rest , it is certainly tluit class of disorders treated of in the new and imi proved edition of the "Silent Friend . " The nutliors , in thus sending forth to the world auother edition of tiieir medical work-, cannot refrain from expressing their gratification at the continual success attending their efforts , which , combined with the assistance of medicines , exclusively Of . their own preparation , have been the hnppy cause of mitigating and averting the mental and physical miseries attendant on those peculiar disorders ; thus proving the fact , that suffering humanity must always derive the greatest

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      FRANCE . THF T 0 RTHC 3 MING Emsctioks . —The tneaibers comprising the Afounttins have jmmJ a powerful address to the people , of which Michel de Bourges is the author . In this address the losses of the party by death and exile are eocraerated and deplored ' The Mountain , it says , is not a faction , it is a principle , and therefore it has feved . It is in vain thaf the executive has adjourned the elections ; the ; cannot but result in filling up tke -ranks of the Mountain , and its present leaders vs . 'the Assembly have faith in the good sense of the masses , and the constancy of their opinions . Toe address then proceeds : — The political bearing of the elections of March 10 has not escaped us . The general

      policy of the government is deeply involved in them , and a striking judgment of public opinion on the Roman question will more particularly result from it . In Democratic Republics , good and bad governments are recognised by an infallible sign , the former serve for the emission , the development , and the propagation of ideas ; it is , in fact , progress . When just they benefit all , and consequently the government itself , which should be the organ of the people ; when false , the good sense of the public does justice on it , and it falls into oblivion . AH tbe sophistry in the world cannot conceal this truth . The idea triumphant at the barricades of February was socialism , that is to say , the emancipation of the masses by labour ; labour raised to the height of tbe property which it engenders , and whieh it l ^" '

      matises ; general com fort secured by an equitable remuneration for labour , and the abolition of usury . Such is the principle of justice which it is necessary to render everj dav more and more e ' ear to the conscience of the human race . To repress this idea , to transform it into an attack on society , is the avowed object of all the efforts of reaction . Power , treasury , police , and army are all made to annihilate the principles on which we p lace the emancipation and the fotnre prosperity of the world . To attain this object , the old moral conquest of our fathers , those which were considered as the most irrevocably secured , are denied or overthrown . What truth remains standing ? Our enemies proclaim themselves tbe saviours of society , and every day they sap the "foundations of one of those principles on

      which not only French , but all modern society subsists . Liberty of thought , that source of all other liberties , purchased at the price of so many tears and so much blood , has been visibly persecuted under every form ; in the press , by incessant -prosecutions , seizures , and sequestrations ; in other institutions , by the state of siege , which has become a normal state of things in many of the de . partments ; in public life , by the interdiction of the rieht of meeting ; in education , by the moral prosenption extended to the whole body of laica

      teachers , in order to abandon France to the exclusive influence of religious communities . They treat the liberty of thought like those trees beloved by the people , who planted them to shelter the cradle of the republic . That branch incommodes us , they say , and they cut down the tree at its root . In exchange for moral liberty , what material welfare has been spread over the masses ? Where are the new markets opened to labour ? Have the protective barriers of privilege been removed ? The people suffer huneer in tbe midst of abundance . Where

      are the Banks of Credit ? Where is the new mortgage-system , -which was to attract capital by a more secure and ready gurantee ? Where are the benefits of tbat public assistance so pompously written in the constitution ? What is the part of the people in the eig ht milliards that have been accumulated during the last fifty years in the grand livre of the public debt ? What will revert to it of the 1 , 500 millions inscribed in the budget of 1850 ? What is the dowry secured te the people by these treasures , the " produce of the sweat of its brow ? The constituent Assembly , af its close bequeathed the people a legacy of 100 mifiiins , by abolishing an odieus tax ; what has become of it ? what has rendered it

      abortive ? The wants of the treasury . The people continue to pay the tax on potable liquors , but rentes and capitals p laced at interest escape all taxation . Such is tbe pob ' cy pnrsusd at home . ' The address , after thus recapitulating their domestic grievances , proceeds at some length to criticise the foreign policy of the government , reproaching it in strong terms for its acts , and more particularly fur its conduct towards the Roman republic , and concludes by calling on the electors of the party to be firm andunited at the day of election , in order to secure the success of tbeir candidates . The a < 3 dr s ? 13 signed by the representatives , comprising what is called 'La Reunion de la Montagne . '

      Private letters from Brussels of tbe 27 th ult . mention that M . Etienne Arago had landed at Antwerp from England on tbe 25 th ult ., but tbat the order to permit him to reside in Belgium not having been received at Antwerp , he was immediately arrested by the police and sent to prison . An announcement to that effect having been made to the Belgian government , he was ordered to be set at liberty , and permission granted to him to reside in the Belgian territory under certain restrictions , which will have the effect of preventing his presence there from giving umbrage to the tVench government . After our reporter closed his despatch in the Legislative Assembly on Thursday , M . Casal put a question to the government on the subject of opening letters at tbe Post-office . He complained that several he had lately received had their seals

      opened and were then clumsily closed . The Minister of Finance denied the right of any one to question the integrity of any branch of the Administration . He would , however , inquire into the subject . M . Victor Haanequin , editor of the ' Dsmocratie Pacifique , ' was tried and found guilty on Wednesday week by the Assizs Court of Paris of a seditious libel . lie was sentenced to a year ' s imprisonment and 5 , 000 f . fine . The editor of the ' Republicain . de la Moselle' has been also sentenced to two months' imprisonment and 2 , 000 f . fine , for a similar offence .

      The' National states , that General Castellane , on assuming the command to which he had been appointed by the President of tbe Republic , issued an order of tbe day against any military man under his command rearing his hair or moustaches longer than tbe existing regulations permit . Long hair is regarded as a sign of Socialism and long moustaches as a symptom of Republicanism . A letter from Montpellier of the 23 rd ult . states that the editor of tbe ' Moniagnard' has been ac quitted twice in one day by a jury of tbat town . He was prosecuted for having published an article entitled ' l'lmpot des Boissons , ' and extracts from The Thirteenth of Jane / by Ledru RolUn .

      A Socialist named Merlet was sentenced by the Assize Court of Paris , on Tuesday , to imprisonment for one year , to pay a fine of 200 f ., and to be dep rived of his civil ri g hts during five years , for having founded a branch society of the rights of man , and for having concealed arms in his possession . Progress of Tyranny . —M . Barrot has brought into the Assembly a bill according to which , all mayors and their adjoints are to be hereafter appointed by the executive , which is limited in its

      choice , however , to members of the municipal councils . The appointment is vested in the President of the Republic when it is for a commune of 3 , 000 souls ; it is vested in tbe prefet when the commune has no less than 3 , 000 souls . The act to be in force in two months after its promulgation , and a general appointment of mayors and their adjoints to take place at that time . The law would remain in vigour until the passing of a bill on the municipal organisation of France .

      The provisions of this law will give rise to the fiercest parliamentary struggle . The legitimists , who are strongly for decentralisation , and for increasing the local power of country districts and authorities , oppose this bill , and with some justice , as an attempt to hurte municipal liberty .

      MOREPEHSECUIION OP THE REPUBLICANS . In the Assemblr on Tuesday , M . Dens the president , announced " that he had received a requisitory from the Attorney-General , M . Baroche , asking to be authorised to take legal proceedings against XL Michel de Bourges , for having , on the 1 st of March , in the commune of Montmartre , addressed a speech to an auditory , composed of 800 persons , assembled at the Hermitage , in which he attacked the principle of property , in the following terms : — "The day after their triumph the people will inquire into the origin of fortunes and capital , and proceed to wind up the accounts of the bourgeoisie . They will do justified in so doing after examining the accounts

      Of . Royalty , unless the bourgeoisie should voluntarily consent to the sacrifice—which I strongly recommend them to do . The people produce every thing , ana it is to them , consequently , that everything belongs . Let us accordingly unite , and we will come out victorious from the contest .- It is for that reason we entreat you to be peaceable , in order that we may one day say to our enemies— "Do as we have done ; we hav e too long submitted to you . " Ton may rest assured that they will do so . Is our present social state possible or durable ? Are there » ofc , in-pur society , taanj individuals , who live in eaiwortaw e idleness , whilst others work very hard

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      and ioad ^ wretched existence . ? . The R ep ublic , as it eiistsitcday , is a mere empty we « d . Thopossei-8 ion . ofiman by man must at last oease , " < kc . Uiiis . communication was freceived by the Left ¦ witfa loud murmurs , and one member exclaimed , 11 T'b'ls ls . aa electioneering manceinsre . . M . Mwnst de Bourgbs , having ascended the tribune , said that he had thrice spoken at elector * m € otinos . a 3 an elector , and not arfepresentative Ot Unpeople , neprotestedonhis ¦ boa ^ - ^ J ^ 0 ^^^^ S 0 S ^^ t and

      he JisT adopted by tto <^ 2 JSdST 5 «* F 8 concilmtion between the ^ W ^ Je w ^^ iag classes . He defied the Minuted ««» » g . to -substantiate their charge . Hegto ^ between was time tfbe murnndewtan *» S . «^ ° nd that thelourgeok and the peop le JwJW ¦ £ > Th they should take each other ftJfJZi ™ ^ speech asembed to hun Jhy ^ e v ^ ^ fabrication . , ^ J ™ ^ fjffiithe improvement of thosyniboLof thro W ^ JUm oTvidel ; their fa rt £ S 5 St o' by that of Carnot ; aS ^ S ^ aU thf — gs , andhe

      Sd any Vaa to eite a sing le word pronounced by S on that occasion , or during his whole life , Snst religion , property , or family . He had not read the Constitutioivad , or he should have instantly protested , as ho did two days afterwards , when the forgery was made known to him . At the meeting on the Boulevard Bourdon , held on Saturday , he had said that if the labourers gave their arms and the bourgeois their capital , they would form a great association which would save society . Tins was very different from the expressions placed in his mouth . He was no enemy of capital —( laughter)—but he thought that it was not unlawful to inquire

      into it « origin . M . llouiiKtt . Minister of Justice , said . The Assembly was the sole judge , and would decide if thfc explanations entered into by Mi . Michel do Bourges were satisfactory . . As to what the latter said respecting the three candidates , inscribed on what fee called the Jist of conciliation , lie ( M . Rouber ) regarded them as the candidates of ignorance , insurrection , and labour , organised on the principle laid down by the delegates of the Luxembourg . The Assembly , on being consulted , declared urgency , and afterwards decided that the requisitory of the Attorney-General shou'd be referred to the bureau , which should appoint a special committee to examine it .

      The President next read a letter of the Minister of Justice , including a report of the Commissary of Police of La Villette , in which M . Bancel , another representative of the Montagne , was stated to have used language offensive to the Legislative Assembly , which lie divided into two " hostile camp / , the one representing Monarchy and oppression , and the other , the Republic and emancipation . lie bad declared that the former , composed of 500 individuals , had deprived the people of the sacred rig ht of meeting , of the liberty of the press and of thought , and advocated the legitimacy of the expedition to Rome , Ac .

      51 . Baxcel admitted having used that language , and said that he was ready to appear before his sovereign j udge , the country . The Assembly , on being consulted , unanimously decided that the language used by M . Bancel was not offensive , and passed to the order of the day . M . LAGiuxcEand M . Mattihiu de la Drome next rose , but were not permitted to speak . The Assembly next refused to authorise interpellations to the Minister of War with regard to to the arbitrary imprisonment of a corporal of the 39 th Reg iment of the Line for distributing the Socialist list of candidates among his comrades .

      A revolt took place on the 27 th ult . amongst the military prisoners at the Fort Mont St . Michel . The troops succeeded in disarming them . Several of the persons who opposed the cutting down of the trees of liberty in Paris on the 4 th ultwere tried before the Police Court of Paris on Sa turtlay , and sentenced to various terms of imprisonment from one month to four . The ' Voix du Peuple' was yesterday seiz ° d for an article entitled ' Silting of the Assembly—Treason , ' Some sl'g ht disturbances took place at Marciac ( Gers , ) and at Tsrascon , on the 24 th February , in consequence of the authorities having put a stop to the procession formed in honour of the anniversary of the Revolution . Several persons were arrested for smaing patriotic songs .

      The correspondent of the ' Chronicle , ' writing on Saturday , says : — ' A pamphlet has appeared to-day , under the title of ' La Naissance de la Republique en Fevrier , 1848 , ' written by Lucien de la Hodde . It will be remembered that De la Hodde was a person supposed to be an ardent Republican , but who was discovered by Caussidiere , when he became Prefect , to have for years been a spy in the service of the police . So little suspicion had Caussidiere of

      the character of De la Hodde that , at the period of the discovery , he was actually secretary of the prefecture under Caussidiere himself . Upon ascertaining beyond a doubt tbe character of the person whom he had been fostering as a friend , Caussidiere called a party of the principal members of the Provisional government , sent for De la Hodde , and accused him of the treason . De la Hodde denied that he was the writer of the letters signed Pierre , but at length the letter in which he offered his services to the

      police , signed with his real name , having been put in his hand , he confessed his guilt , and falling on his knees prayed for mercy . Caussidiere put a pistol into the wretch's hand , and told him lie had nothing better to do in this world than to blow out his own brains . The remedy not being to De la Hodde ' s taste , he refused , and was allowed to exile himself to England . Since then tbe tables have been turned : De la Hodde comes back , and , in imitation of M . Cbenu , writes an account of the sayings and doings of the leaders of the Revolution of February . The object of the volume seems to be to do

      damage to the moderate Republicans , and especially of the party of the National , ' who are accused of having got up the massacre of the Boulevard des Capucines on the 23 rd of Februarj . M . de la Hodde describes himself as a philanthropic and humane personage , who , while he appeared to act with the brutal insurgents , could hardly restrain his feelings of indignation at their conduct . More than once , he says , ' he was inclined to discharge his carabine against these cannibals . ' M . de la Hodde does not throw any freeh light on the affair of the 24 th of February , and his book is neither so graphic nor so amusing as that of M . Chenu .

      The editor of the ' Republicain de la Moselle has been found guilty by a jury , at Metz , of having published a seditious libel , and sentenced to imprisonment for two months and to pay a fine of 2 , 000 f . M . Ridart , Mayor of Came , in the department of the Maine et Loire , has been sentenced by the Court of Assize of Angers to pay a fine of lOOf . for having posted a manuscript placard on the walls of his village , containing an inflammatory address to the peasants . A court-martial in the 6 th military division has sentenced to death five soldiers of the 17 th Li g ht Infantry , for refusal to obey orders in Lyons on the 15 th of June .

      M . Cassavente , a law student , who acted as private secretary to Sobrier after the revolution ef Feb ; was sentenced by court-martial in Paris on Tuesday to transportation for life fur the insurrection of June , 1848 . SWITZERLAND . The cowardly rulers of Switzerland are doing the dirty work set them by the continental tyrants . The following is the circular addressed by the Federal Council of Switzerland to tbe Cantonal Governments on the subject of Sergeant Boichot : — Berne , Feb . 14 .

      'Faithful and dear Confederates , —The French authorities have recently seized a pamphlet entitled 1 To the Electors of the Army , Boichot , Sergeant . MajorofCarabiners ' of the 7 th Light Infantry , Representative of the People ( Seine ) , ' and which is signed by Boichot at the 6 th page , considering that this letter , dated from Lausanne , must , from the manner in which it is drawn up , produce agitation in France . The Federal Couhc ' iI has decided on moving this refugee to a greater distance from the

      French frontier , until such time as it may be con . sidered whether he ought not to be expelled from the Swiss territory . In the meantime tbe said Boichot , now living at Lausanne , is forbidden to reside in the cantoF . s of Berne , Fribourg , Soleure , Bale-Ville , Bale-Campagne , Argovie , Tessin , Vaud , Valais , Neufchatel , and Geneva . Should he present himself in your canton , you are to expel him from your territory , and send him to the interior of Switzerland .

      In the name of tbe Federal Council , ' H . Drtjey , President . ' Von Moos , Vice-Chancellor . ' Letters from Fribourg of the 23 nd ult ., state that on that day two carriages filled with refugees axlived there . The papers of a society call the Deu' - scher-Verein were seized on the same day at Geneva , and the delegates of the association arrested at Biennr .

      ITALY . TUSCANY . —The Austrian court-martial at Leg . horn has condemned a man named Pieri to two

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      * ea « hard labour , : for having a 8 tiletto and * he barrel of * p ittol about him . A merchant , » . RntVa sixty years of age , has been condemned -to a fcrtniiht' -s imprisonment , for not having given-up a mu sket-barrel , althoug h in the sentence it ie declared tbat he was not aware of hawing such a ' ibinir in his house . Another person , M . Giorgio , Ansuirei , has been sentenced to a week ' s imprisonment ' ifor haring in his possession certain portions of his fowling-piece , under the pretence of pre - venting the person now in possession of it , and not livin r at iLeghorn , from making a bad use of it / Letter * from Leghorn , of tbe 26 th ult .., state that the whole of the province of Leghorn has been p laced in a statp of aiege , in consequence of novae symptoms of disorder . ^ ^^~ . -,-w- .- ,

      LQMRARDY . —TheTurin papers announce , without giving any explanation of the fact , that Mr . C-impbell , the British Consul at Milan , had suddenly struck his flag , and left for Switzerland . The fact is correct that Mr . Campbell has taken down his flag ; but there is nothing hostile in the proceeding , and the Consul has acted in conformity with the orders of his government . The explanation ( says the Paris correspondent of the Chronicle' ) which I have received of the affair , from a quarter which ought to be well informed , in the following : —For some time past there has been some difference between tbe Austrian and the other governments , with respect to the right of consuls to exhibit flags . The Piedmontese Consul at Milan having expressed , after tbe conclusion of the peace between Piedmont and Austria , his intention to

      hoist the flag of his nation , and the Austrian govern * uent refused to permit him to do so . It seems that the Austrian ^ fel t alarmed at the effect which the appearance of the Italian tri-coloured flag , which has now become the national flag of Piedmont , would have on the population of Milan , if it were al lowed to be hoisted . On this account the Austrian government gave notice that it would not allow a flag to be exhibited at any of the consulates . Austria , it appears , contends that the consuls of

      foreign powers have the rig ht to hoist the flags of their nations in front of their consulate in seaports , but not in inland towns . Relying on this position , the Austrian authorities at Milan have insisted tbat ail the consuls at Milan should lake down their flags . There being nothing intentionally offensive in the proceedings , and it appearing , besides , that it is in conformity with the practice , not only in England , but in France and other countries , the whole of the foreign consuls have agreed to take down their flag .

      ROME . —Another military execution took place on the 26 tb , ult on a man who was found carrying a knife on his person .

      GERMANY . The following is from the pen of an enemy—the Berlin correspondent of the Times ;'—Iu France funerals have been turned into political demonstrations ; here the Democrats have hit on the plan of making U 3 e of baptisms for the same purpose . A tailor first set the fashion by inviting all the Democrats of his district by advertisement to the christening of his child ; the church was filled , and a

      scandalous scene took place , the congregation making all the responses en masse , accompanying them with 'loud cheering / to the horror of the officiating minister . The proceedings closed by a fight outside with the constables and an active chase after some of the ringleaders . The success of the 1 demonstration' was so decided that it has been repeated , and the "Democratic Journal' now fre * quently contains those invitations to a ' party ' christening .

      HUNGARY AND AUSTRIA . ( From the 'Daily News . ' } VIENNA , Feb . 25 . —I send a letter written by Count Leiningen to his sister-in-law , on the day after his sentence to , be hanged bad been pronounced by the court-martial at Arad . That sentence was as yet a secret known only to his judges ; and I can conceive nothing more calculated to set this page of Austrian history in its true moral light than to contemplate side by side on the one hand this natural outpouring of a noble heart , little suspecting the

      horrible doom ao near ; and , on the other , the instruments of a treacherous and bloody government getting ready their halters and gibbets . This lettet is also the most effectual answer to those dastardly calumnies which were industriously circulated against its victims by the organs of the Vienna cabinet . The lady to whom the letter is addressed is the sister of Count Leiningen ' s widow , and the wife of Colonel Rohonesy , who escaped , indeed , with his life , but has been immured in a fortress , where he is condemned to pine for eighteen years .

      ' Dear , kind Clara , —Your tidings about my little girl tranquillised me not a little ; for although Lisa ( his wife ) , in her last letter , gave me a comforting account of her , I fancied that she kept back somewhat of the truth to avoid increasing ray anxiety . I am , notwithstanding , still uneasy about the poor little thing . Her health was always weak ; and the more I clung to the child , the more anxiously I watched her slow thriving . When I left my family , I had the best hopes , for my darling was then well and blooming , and began even to wax strong ; and now fresh attacks of illness shatter her delicate frame , and awake in me once more all my old apprehensions . If the tendance of a mother full of love avail , with God ' s help she will recover .

      • Yesterday the court-martial sat , and my sentence among otkqr . s was pronounced . The nature of it is known only to the judges ; but , according to the letter of the law , it can only be a sentence of death . 1 You are right , dear Clara , in supposing that I can bear willingly to be talked to about the doom which perhaps awaits me . In twenty battles I have looked death in the face , in the last ( God forgive me !) I sought it . During six weeks ' I have had time enough to prepare for it ; and stood I alone , had I no family , I would even bid it welcome . Twice only during my imprisonment was I overcome by anguish , and then it wrung from me bitter tears .

      Once I wept about my little girl ; and the other time when I was judicially examined on account of that newspaper article . I had been long prepared : and yet when that slanderous letter in the ' Allgemeine Zeilung' was read before me , my firmness abandoned me . pain and indignation shook me like a fever , and five minutes elapsed before I could utter a word . At the court-martial I asked the auditor if I could hope to see myself quickly cleared in this matter . He answered , ' There is not a member of tbe court who gives credit to the

      article , which is besides anonymous ; neither will it exercise the smallest influence upon your trial . ' 1 can say truly that I have in the course of the war saved many hundreds of Austrians , among whom not a few were officers . No one towards his soldiers was so strict as I . Once , at Szolnok , I clove the skull of an Honved , who was about to shoot a Grenzer begging quarter on his knees : yet was my good name not safe from so abominable a defamation , but branded before all Europe . My nerves are not weak but they were shaken by this foul calumny : and it cost me some right heavy davs . 1

      1 am now , I thank God , become as a stone to self and to the world : and fate bring what it may , will find me armed . 'You think , were I restored to freedom , that 1 should become purer and better . We protestants , albeit we have no purgatory , believe that God lays upon us trials , in which our moral strength must bear us up , in order that we may deserve his grace . I consider in this light my present situation , and I can assure you that tbe school of bitter undeceptions has not passed over me without leaving some trace . Perhaps you are right , and I trust that I shall be a better man than heretofore .

      'All your hopes of amnesty have already occupied ue here . It Beems , indeed , probable that , after clemency has been shown in Ital y , and even towards Peterwardein , the whole severity of the law will not be visited upon us alone . Hut I count upon nothing , and make to myself no illusions . For myself , I have no further solicitude , no further hopes or wishes ; but I am beset with care and pain for the lot of those who belong to me . If I must die , I will die in the creed of my fathers , and with the courage of a Leiningen ; if I am set at liberty , there will breathe no happier man , nor any more thankful to God .

      ' You ask if your letters are agreeable to me . Can you doubt it ? Write , write long letters , each letter is a day lived happily through , for one reads and reads again to devour the expressions of affection , which smile serenely upon the solitude of a prison . If I do not always answer , or answer briefly , still write to me , dear Clara , as often as you have time to busy yourself with me . ' Meanwhile , I am not usually so lonely as you think . Thoughts of whom I lo , ve keep me company , and their images stand even before me ; and then the remembrances of an ever memorable year , which I am endeavouring to fit on paper , occupy me . My day begins at seven and closes at nine ; and so solicitous am I about accurately observing the appor .

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      Monment of time which I give to my several occupations , from brushing My clothes (( which I do , not from wan t of service , but of my own will ) up to reading , thinking , and writing ., that hitherto I have kept ennui at a distance . May God protect you with his all-powerful arm , and dic tate to you right m « ny Jotters for your brother-in-law Charles . ' 1 Fortress of Arad , Sept ., ifliSL ' Feb . 24 . —Your readers will remember that Lieut-General Count Lemberg , who was charged with full powers by the Emperor Ferdinand , was assailed by a furious mob on the bridge fit Pesth , and that he perished pierced with wounds . This lamentable event , which wai attributed 4 o the Magyar party , took place in the month of September , 1848 ; and must have made sufficient noise at the tin ™ to h « tsZmwnt of timei which I give to toy several occu

      still in the recollection of your readers . One of the murderers , named Kolosy , a Wallachian , was executed three weeks ago . The proceedings at his trial , which should have been published , have remained a secret , and the authorities only inform the public that the confessions made by the condemned charge—Kossuth , the scapegoat , with having arranged the whole affair . However respectable is this allegation of the Austrian authorities , it is not sufficient for the public , who are accustomed to such charges , and therefore require somewhat better proof of his guilt . T « ' 9 or three months after the murder of Count Lemberg , another , and equally horrible assassina tion was committed in Sclavonia which has been

      concealed with the greatest possible care . The victim on that occasion was a Count Elz , a member of a very noble Bavarian family , and the sou-in-law of Count Pejacerich , a Hungarian Magnate . Count Elz lived upon his property close to Essek , and'had remained a perfect stranger to the ? political agitations in Hungary ; if he possessed any political pphions at all—which is held to be doubtful—they mU 5 t have been similar to those entertained by the other members of his family , nearly all of whom belong t « the imperial party , to the cause of order and legitimacy , to the honest men , the men of modera . tion , as the Austrians pleasantly style themselves , while they are banging and shooting tbeir fellow

      men by the doz » n . This Couut Elz , however , became suspected , possibly because he abstained from all interference in political matters . His cb&teau was invaded one day by the imperial ' Grenzer , ' who are Croatian or Wallachian soldiers employed in guarding the frontiers : they seized upon the count ' s papers , without , however , discovering even the shadow of culpability . Nevertheless , he was seized and hurried into the garden by these infatnou 3 roU diers , and there exposed to a cross fire , under the eyes of a major and several other officers . The count , however , still breathed , when one of the monsters stifled him by forcing a handful of tobacco down his throat .

      The Vienna correspondent of the' Daily News ' write as' follows : —We see daily large convoys of the prisoners condemned at Arad or at Pesth passing to Ollmutz and Spielberg , or the other fortresses in Bohemia , there to suffer the cruel punishments inflicted on them for having attempted to promote the freedom of tbeir country .

      THE GREEK QUESTION . Malta , Feb . 22 . —The Neapolitan steam-frigate Ercole arrived here on the 19 th , from Palermo and Lampedusa . Upwards of seventy vessels took advantage of shift of wind and fine weather yesterday to put to sea . Among them were seventeen bound to Cork , with wheat and Indian corn . During last night the wind shifted again to tke westward , blowing fresh , and no doubt the greater part will put hack again . Some of the vessels having been trying since the middle of December last to get to the westward , but without success .

      A letter received last night from Athens , by the French steamer Leonidas , to the 18 th , states that the Greek question is in statu quo , the government having decided to wait for and act upon the opinions of the courts of Paris and St . Petersburgh . Meanwhile all commerce is impeded ; every vessel caught at sea or in harbour under Greek colours is immediately taken to the Eay of Salamis , and placed under the guns of the fleet . There are upwards of eig hty vfssels thus detained . The Greek corvettes , Araalia and Ludovico , said to have been captured I y the English cruisers , are still at liberty . One is re . ported to be at Previsa , and the other at Salonica , no doubt they are in some neutral port , where they cannot be touched . Some of the Greek journals are very severe in their athek upon the English . The poet Alexander Soulzo has written an article in the ' [ Siccle , ' intituled ' The impious English . '

      See ( says he ) these ravishers , these Cartbagenians , who have seized the ships of Greece . The froth of their crime can be seen floating on the sea ; but :, whilst a siagle Greek exists , he will hand down to his posterity a relation of this disastrous epojh . Courage , my friends , courage ! There is a God in heaven , and the earth has not been given up to the tyranny of Great Britian , like the sea . Diplomacy at Athens and at Constantinople is generously working in our favour . Already are steamers ploughing the waves , and carrying to other courts the news of this crime of England . Behold the Emperor

      Nicholas raising masses of men to crush the Ottoman . Citizens of free Greece , prepare yourselves . The Engli sh compel us to become another Alexander , to cut this Gordian knot—this important eastern question . Let us recommence the war , and the nation become an entire army ! Let us , under the auspices of France , Austria , and Germany , restore the empire of the great Cunstantine , and thus be in possession of Western Greece from the Eurotas to Istra , and of Eastern Greece from the Nile to tke Euxine , with three capitals—Athens , the seat of learning ; Constantinople , the seat of government ; and Jerusalem , the seat of religion .

      The Pirasiis is still blockaded ; no Greek vessel can leave . The Bulldog steamer has blockaded Syra . General Mamouri , aide-de-camp to the king , and military cammandant at Phthiotide , published an appeal to arms to the people of his department ; when Otho heard of it he immediately removed him from his command . The islands of Sapienxa and Cervi have not yet been made a subject of discussion ; they will remain until the present question is settled , when , it is said , Great Britain will lake possession of them by force if denied by the Greek government . The cold at Salonica has been intense the thermometer for days standing at from 10 to 14 deg . below Zero .

      The Paris 'Patrie' of Sunday evening says :- 'We have announced that M . de Brunow has received in London th * order of the Russian government to net in the Greek question in concert with the French ambassador . The note in which these instructions were given arrived in Paris yesterday , and was read by M . de Kisseleffto the minister of foreign affairs . We are assured that it expresses great dissatisfaction at the praceeding of Lord Palraerston towards Greece . The note commences with these words : — ' The Emperor , my master , has learned with a surprise mingled with indignation , etc ., ' and ending

      with the following : — ' Yon will ask Lord Palmerston to what extent he proposes to employ force in support of his demands , in order that the allies of King Otho may occupy themselves with the means of guaranteeing his independence and that of his people . The 'All gemeine Zeitung' ( Augsbure ) has a telegrap hic message from Vienna of the 27 th ult ., which states that intelligence had just reached that capital from Athens of the 20 th of February . The coercive measures of England were to cease immediately . The blockade is said to hare been removed on the 20 th .

      TURKEY . Our dates from Constantinople are to the 13 th of February . Count Sturmer persists in his demand that the refugees should be detained in the interior during five years , aod the Porte is equally firm in its refusal to comply with a condition so derogatory to its di gnity . For the present the internated refugees will he transported to Broussa , from whence , whea the season grows milder , they will proceed to Kintaj-flh . The usually well-informed correspondent of the Wanderer' states that the Russians are to occupv Transylvania .

      PERSIA . Dates from Teheran , o € Jan . 2 , state that the capital haeonce again been the theatre of a popular commotion . A few days previous to the above date the peop le proceeded in a large body to the house of the Imaum Djouma , in order to engage him to accompany them to the Shah , and induce his Majesty to sign the destitution of MirzaU Taghi Khan , the prime minister . The Imaum quitted his residence without giving any 6 ien of acquiescence or refusal .

      Upon this the populace dispersed , but announced the firm determination of actiag with greater success another time . This movement was followed f > y several arrests , the most remarkable of which are that of Suleiman Kha : i , the king ' s maternal uncle ; Ibrahim Halil Khan , ex-commander of the army of Khorasan ; Hussan Khan , chief of the staff ; and a number of persons accused or suspected of being iccompliceB . Although public tranquillity had not been troubled popular discontent was not smothered ,

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      * fld < it is more thaa probable that ere long the people , encouraged as they are by the clerpy , will act in a decided manner , which will cause a general ¦ revolution in Persia . All sympathise with the Hadji , the more as at the time of his nomination to the ministry he wa « considered as the future regene . iffitor of Persia . * nd < it is more thaa probable that ere long the

      UNITED STATES .-CALIFORNIA . The Europa , Captain Leitch , has arrived at Liverpool with dates from New fork to the 20 th , and Halifax to tbe 23 rd ult . Among the passengers were the son of Lord Stanley , and Mr . Crompton , late British charge d ' affaires at Washington . The proceedings in Congress , during the time that had elapsed from the despatch of the previous mail , are fairly stated in the following resume of the ' New York Tribune '— Tbe attention of Congress for the last fortnight has been principally occupied with the subject of slavery . Mr . Clay ' s speech , in support of his compromise resolutions , was an elaborate and powerful performance , distinguished

      for its conciliatory nnd temperate spirit , and exhibiting the earnest , vigorous , and impressive eloquencp , for which that eminent statesman is justly celebrated . Among the opponents of Mr . Clay on the question of compromise , Mr . Davies , of Mississippi , has been conspicuous . His speech on the sulijrct took the strongest ground in favour of slavery ; contended that it was a wise and useful institution ; janCtioned by the dt-ity , and not repugnant to humanity ; that it not only belongs to the respective states in which it exists , but to the whole United States ; and that it is necessarily involved in the constitution of the Union . He assumed the legal existence of slavery in California and Mexico , and

      that the Mexican laws for its abolition were destitute of validity . Mr . Butler , of South Carolina , has maintained similar views , in a vehement speech , declaring that the interests of his constituents were of more importance than the preservation of the Union , and warmly opposing the admission of California with her present constitution and boundaries . Mr . Horace Mann , of Massachusetts , has spoken with great ability in the house of Representatives on the othfirside of the question , describing the effect on Southern interests of a dissolution of the Union , and declaring that no motives could compel the acquiescence of the north , in the further extension of slavery . The last important speech in opposition to Mr . Clay , was made in the senate on Monday , hv

      Mr . Downs , of La . lie contended that the prohibition of Slavery in the California constitution was owing to the interference of the executive . In the house a motion has been made to instruct the committee on territories to report a bill for the admission of California with the boundaries described in her constitution . An effort was made b y the southern members to lay this on the table , but -without success . The whole question labours under complications of a difficult character ; no exertions are spared by the Champions of slavery to prevent the admission of California ; hut it can scarcel y be doubted that they will prove ineffectual , and that California will be received , without much further delay , as a free state .

      The telegraphic correspondence of ( lie New York journals bring down tbe proceedings in the legislature to the 19 th ult . The debate in the Senate on Mr . Clay ' s motion had been again adjourned . The House of Representatives had gone into committee of the whole house on the President ' s message , and adjourned after hearing Mr . VenaWe , Mr . Campbell , ( ot Ohio , ) and Mr . M'Lanahan .

      CALIFORNIA . Philadelphia , Ff . b . 18 . —The yellow feverthat is , the rage for emigration to California—is now wilder than ever , owing to the arrival of t ' ne steam-ship Empire City from Ch » gres , with full two millions of dollars in California gold dust—1 , 133 , 647 dollars on consignment , and 900 , 000 dollars in the trunks and pockets of passengers . And this noble steamer has not been ' alone in her glory , ' for since the last English steamer sailed from this country there have been in all five arrivals from Chagres , with passengers aud gold , thus : —

      Dollars . Empire City , steamer 2 , 000 , 000 Alabama , ditto 300 , 000 Ohio , ditto 500 , 000 Falcon , ditto 500 , 000 Cherokee ( 110 , 000 dols . consigned , and 00 , 000 dols . by passengers ) ... 200 , 000

      Total ..... 3 , 500 , 000 The wealth of California , therefore , now begins to flow in abundantly ; yet it should be remembered that large sums might have been anticipated at t e close of the digging season . The next arrivals also are expected to be laden with a rich aureal freight . The Empire City brought the latest news , her dales being from San Francisco to 1 st January inclusive . Her advices are certainty important . The Legislature of California met on the 17 th of December , when Governor Burnett was duly inaugurated . Besides several able recommendations in relation to the finances of California , a system of iaws is suggested , and the Governor advises : —

      1 . The definition of crimes and misdemeanors contained in the common law of England . 2 . The English law of evidence . 3 . The English commercial law . i . The civil code of the Slate of Louisiana . 5 . The Louisiana cede of practice . Colonel Fremont and Colonel Gwynne were elected senators from California to the United States Federal government , by the Assembly . Mr . George-W . Wright and Mr . E . Gilbert were elected by the

      people of California as their representatives in the House of Representatives at Washington . The State government of California is now completely formed in all its branches , civil , financial , and political , and the Legislature was in full session at the latest dates . The mining operations are suspended , owing to the rainy season , and they will hardly he resumed until April . The Panama Star' gives the following as the amount of gold which has crossed the Isthmus from California , and silver from South America , from the 1 st of October to the 1 st of January : — Dollars . By Zachnsson , Nelson , and Co 2 , 095 , 814 OS It . M . Steamship Co : 707 , 000 00 Private individuals ( estimatcd ) ... 2 , 500 , 000 00 Total 5 , 362 , 841 OS Gold and silver by 11 . M . S . S . Co ., from S . Am ., Mexico , &c . 4 , 000 , 000 00

      Making the sum total of . 9 , 302 , 841 OS There had been a dreadful conflagration at San Francisco on the 24 th of December , in which one half of the city was destroyed ! The loss is estimated at from 1 . . 500 , 000 dols . to 2 , 000 , 000 dols . The frame buildings , with painted cotton and oilcloth ceilings and roofs caused the flame to spread with unexampled fury , and the fire was not arrested until several houses had been blown up with gunpowder . Fortunately no lives were lost at the fire , but the distress of labourers and miners , without , means , who had flocked into the town , where tiny wandered in sickuess , and without shelter , has been greatly aggravated . Hundreds are described , by

      several letter writers , as wandering about San Francisco , knee-deep in mud , drenched with deluges cf rains shaking with fever and ague , and literally without food to eat , except from charity , and with out a place whereon to lay their heads . Such is the account of a ' Returned Goldseeker' to the ' Boston Traveller . ' Vast amounts of dry goods and other articles , he says , are lying about in heaps , wet and entirely ruined with rain ; and he speaks sorrowfully of the suffering , misery , and death in San Francisco . He says the newspapers there do not record all the deaths . He was told by the superintendent of burials of that town , that from sixty to seventy died weekly , and that from six to eight were daily buried

      at the expense of the city , they having no friends to care for them while sick , or to bury them when dead . Many persons have come down from the mines enfeebled , wlthont money , friends , or home , They wander about the town , and often sustain life by digging clams and muscles upon the sea shore , and by fishing , finding a lodging at night perhaps in the tent of a friend ; it not , in the open street . The late fire , by decreasing the number of buildings at the moment that the population was rapidly increasing , has added greatly to the suffering of this class of persons . Such was the state of San Francisco at the commencement of the new year . It certainly is not a very inviting picture .

      I am sorry to add , that an equally destructive fire , in proportion to the size of the town , has occurred at S . tuckton , where an immense hotel and several other buildings were destroyed on the same 24 th day of Dece mber . In you . accompanying reports of the California markets , y iu will observe references to the prices of wooden hou ses ana ' ' ' ! hut , in addition to the information ti ^" ' contained , I would remark that I have been in . orme ° y passengers foom San Fran . Cisco that there ' 9 not 8 ? 8 reat a rise on t ^ her dwellings as had L een anticipated . The people there are more than ever . "wxious- for iron houses . The conflagration has tau ' nt them » fearful lesson . Oil he day that the Emp . ' re Citv arrived , a friend of

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      mine in Philadelphia was offered a number of framo houses and a quantity of lumber for 6 , 500 dols . but he would not give more than 6 , 000 dols . ' a shrewd merchant , however , who had doubtless re ceived a telegraphic . despatch , instantl y bo ught them , and . paid the full price demanded . in an hour they were worth nearly 10 , 000 dols . o house speculation in New York , on the sanied / 6 sold at cent .-per-cent . profit ; and Mr . Carman ' lumber merchant , of Caraden , has just refused fiftJ per cent , profit on a venture he sent out to Cali fornia four months ago . His houses are , of cour aT likely to arrive there in about a month or six week after tbe conflagration , and sell they must as th » matter is reduced to Hobson ' s choice ' -woouVn houses or none . It will be , at least , a year beforethere can be anything liKe an adequate supply of iron houses . rr ' " « mine in Philadelphia was offered a number of framn

      Antiquarians will feel deepl y interested in the discovery of va 3 t regions of ancient ruins near San D . ego , and within a day ' s march of the Pac 2 Ocean , at the head of the Gulf of California pl r tmus of temples , dwellings , lofty stone pyramid '" ( sever , of these within a mile square , ) and roa i ™ granite rings or circular walls , round vp " ra ? te trees , columns and blocks of hiereglvphics—all « n « 4 k of some ancient race of men now for ever , ' , 1 their history actually unknown to any of the el ' . ' !" famil l es of """ kind . In some points th L

      - . . . , rums resemble the recently-discovered cities Of vl lenQuc&c near the Atlantic or Mexican Gulf coast ; mother ? , the ruins of ancient JW in other ., again , the monuments of Pftcenieia ; and yet l ifSSS !^ Tu h v diffar frora a 11 " -t iJ ; referred o . I observe that the discovers deem h ™^ Tr ntedlUViaD ' While lhe l > resent ^ fow have tradition of a great civilised nation , which their ferocious forefathers utterly destroyed The v T * ^ niinS i 3 Cllled ^ India "s ' Hi-Valley of M yst-ry . '

      , -• ;*F»Rfi§Hft«Ttlufekcc.

      , - ;* F » rfi § Hft « ttlUfeKcc .

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      THE NOBT ' BBfltH STAR . ¦ March 9 , lggp _ _ ¦ —————i — ? j iu

      I^Rwwn Success 0f Tiie Sewmom Op F 11batment . Which Has Never Pailpn

      i ^ rWwn SUCCESS 0 F TIIE SEWMOM OP f 11 BATMENT . WHICH HAS NEVER PAILPn

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), March 9, 1850, page 2, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1564/page/2/