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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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Sijs iifctrcpoiis . Health of Loxdox DcniSG the Wees . —The retara for the week radios last Saturday shows that tie total deaths registered in the metropolis Were 1 , 053 . The average of the season , corrected for in crease of population , 1 . 1 G 2 , and therefore exceeds the deaths of last week by 109 . The mortality ¦ which for some time after the abatement of the enidemic continued to fall till it reached a point unusually low , again steadily increases , as appears from the nnmbcrs successivel y returned in the last four weeks which were 87 S , S 02 , 931 , and 1 , 053 . The causetrf the increase may be discovered in the feet , that whereas deaths from epidemic diseases in these four weeks were respectively 204 , 178 . 173 , and 203 . those caused by diseases of the respiratory organs ( chiefly bronchitis and pneumonia ] were 134
lit ) , 194 , and 203 , showing a gradual rise towards the average , which is 214 . The deaths from phthisis ( which are not included in the above ) have been in the last four weeks 128 , 104 , 134 , and 133 ; the weekly average is 12 S . Hooping-cough was fatal in the same periods , to 22 , 12 , 23 , and IS children the average is 34 . There were 9 deaths from wfluenza last week , showing an increase on recent returns ; the average ef previous seasons is 21 but is chiefly derived from the mortality in 1847 , when inflcenza was epidemic , and multiplied the deaths both from this and other affections of the respiratory organs . The deaths in last week from typhus were 51 , a considerable increase on previous weeks ; but other epidemics are siill much below the average . It is gratifying to state that no -person in London was registered as having died in the last week from cholera ; this is the first week in which the hills of morta . lily have been quite free from this disease since June , 184 S , a period of nearly eighteen
months . The deaths from diarrhoea were 17 , less by 6 than the average . A man of 4 T years died of " marasmus , after spirit drinking . " The death of a man of 03 , in St . Andrew Eastern ( Ilolborn ) , was caused by destitution . In Norwood a man died of glanders , caught from a diseased horse . —Accompanying the present return is a diagram , which exhibits the mortality from cholera in the London districts , with the average elevation of the inhabited portions of each ; and shaws also by which of the nine water companies each district is supplied , and the source from which its water is obtained . —The mean daily reading of the barometer on Thursday -was 29 . 635 in ., the highest in the week ; the mean of the week was 29 . 419 . The mean daily temperature , which fell to 33 deg . on Tuesday , rose to 46 deg . on Thursday . The mean of the week was 42 deg . 2 min ., slightly above the average of the 6 ame week in seven years . On Tuesday the mean temperature was S deg . below the average , and on Thursday 6 de < j . above it .
The . Murder i \ IIabley-street . — Since the prisoner ' s examination on Friday week many particulars have transpired , having a tendency to fix a vast amount of guilt upon the prisoner , apart from the awful charge now pending against her . In 1842 the prisoner was tried for the , wilful murder of an illegitimate child , and npon that occasion she was convicted of concealment of birth , and sentenced to six months' imprisonment She was then living in a family at Layton , in Essex , as cook . In this case the child was also packed up in a box , which was addressed to the porter of Enutsford Union , and from inquiries made by the police the forwarding thereof was traced to the prisoner . la 1844 a Iwx , having in it a dead infant , newly born , was seat to Mr . Thomas Burton , another member of
the family . An inquest was held npoa the body , hut in the course of the investigation gone into , nothing transpired which could fix guilt upon any party . Taking all these circumstances into consideration , very little doubt can exist as to the prisoner havingnrardered no fewer than three children . On Monday Mr . Anderson , the governor of Iiford gaol , had an interview with Mr . Long , the magistrate , to whom he made known some particulars connected with a former examination of the prisoner . It is stated that during the short time she -was in the family of Mr . Hath she appeared to be remarkably serious and reserved , and that whenever opportunity offered she employed her tune in reading the Bible , the Prayer-book , and other works of a religious and moral tendency .
MEiaoroUTiS Wateh Scpplt . —On Monday evening a rery numerous meeting of the parishioners of Sonthwark and the districts adjeeent was held at the Three Tuns Tavern , Borough , for the purpose of considering " the present defective and impure supply of water to those localities , as now drawn from the polluted river Thames ; and , also for the purpose ot adopting measures to secure a constant , eheap , abundant , and pure supply of water at hi ^ h pressure , as essentially necessary for the health of the inhabitants . " Mr . T . Walker , a churchwarden of SL Olave's , took the chair . He observed , that they had not met for the promotion of any parties lar scheme . They wished to agitate the general question only , as no one could doubt that the supply from the cesspool of the Thames was unfit for human
consumption . Xot only was the water bad in quality , but deficient in quantity ; and , impure as it was , there was not even enough to supply the miserable dwellings of the poor , let , snb-let , and even re-let again , and where the most imperative necessity existed for an unusual abundant supplv . Jfr . Chillis , surgeon and chairman of the Bermondscy Board of Guardians , proposed the first re solution , and in doing so remarked , that the people were at present utterly unable to prevent the infliction of bad water upon themselves , and the government would probably not greatly interest itself until the pressure from without compelled them to give their undivided attention to the crving evil of the present monopoly . The late epidemic had peculiarly chosen for its ravages those districts south of the Thames supplied with its waters , and , as if to indicate its deleterious influence , had
literally stayed at the point where that supply ceased . The resolution he had to propose was , " That this meeting considers the water supply of the whole metropolis deficient in quantity , impure in quality , and more especially so in the parish of Southwark and the adjacent districts , that supply l * eiag drawn from the impure water of the Thames . ' Mr . "William Howard seconded thi 3 resolution , which was unanimously agreed to . The second resolution recommended that " each metropolitan parish should , by vestry meetings or otherwise , support the principle of parochial co-operation for the purpose of obtaining from parliament powers to place the whole of the water service under the management of a board of parochial representatives appointed by the ratepayers of all the metropolitan parishes . " This was also agreed to , and the meet ing separated after a vote of thanks to the
chairman . The Bobt of a Gextixuax focxd is me River . —On Sun Jay afternoon as two watermen were rowing past the entrance of the Commercial Docks , Itotherhiihe , they had their attention drawn to something lying in the mud by the edse of the river , which they found to be the boilr of " a gentleman A messenger was despatched to Mr . Henry Gardner , the summoning officer of the district , who at once repaired to the spot , and identified the body as that of Mr . Charles Whitburn , of Xo . 10 , Kennin"tonterrace the
, facing Common , who had been raissin " about a month since . It appears that the deceased gentleman at an early Lour of the morning was nrocceding on board the Sir William Jolifie steamer moored alongside the Tower Wharf , when he bv some means slipped and fell overboard into the water . An alarm was railed at the time and everv exertion made to rescue the deceased , but he disappeared and was drowned . Mr . Gardner , the officer , procured a shell , and had the deceased re moved to the dead-house in Rotherhihte Churchyard where it awaits an inquest .
Si-ddex Death of Mr . Marriott . —On Monday an inquest was held at the Hero of Waterloo publichouse , Lambeth , by Mr . Carter , on the body of Mr . Marriott , of Fleet-street , who died very suddenly on SaturdavjlasL The jury returned a verdict of" \ atural death . " Extensive Fires . —On Sunday morning , shortly before four o ' clock , afire broke out in the premises occupied by Mr . Joseph Parting , a watchmaker and jeweller , carrying on business at No . 114 , St . George ' s Street ( late Ratcliff-bighway ) , which was not extinguished until nearly the whole of the occupier ' s property was destroyed . —Shortly before the above fire occurred , one of a very alarming character happened at So . 10 , Alfred-place , Newington-causeway , in the tenure of Mr . Hooper , a linen-draper and silkmercer ; and the flames were not extinguished until they had travelled completely through the building . Toe premises of Mr . Mahon , dealer in cigars ( Ko . 20 . ) and Mr . Good , painter ( Jfo . 18 , ) are also damaged .
Firs at Xobtos Folgate . —OnTaesday morning about five o ' clock , considerable alarm was caused in the immediate neighbourhood of Norton Folgate . in consequence of the sadden outbreak of a fire in the extensive range of premises belonging to Mr . E . Hatton , chemical manufacturer , carrying on business in Elder-street , near Spital-square . It was caused from the overheat of one of the stoves , and the fire was notextingushed until considerable damage was done , for the stove was burned and so wast thedryinghouse and the roof of the store-room adjoining was much injured .
Ax Uxcscal Occcbrexce . —On Slbnday morning an occurrence which of late has become like angels ¦ visits " few and far between "—a duel , took place close to Wormwood-scrubs . It appears that about seven o ' clock , just as day was breaking-, a postchaise , belonging to Mr . R . Xewmanfthe wellknown post-aiaster of Regent-street , which contained two gentlemen , was observed to turn from the Cxbridge-road at Shepherd ' s-bush , up Woodianc , leading to Wormwood-scrubs , and was in two or three minutesfolhjwed by a gentleman ' s carriage , in which were also two gentlemen , and behind the latter was a gentleman on horseback , who is supposed to have -been a surgeon . The parties lowborn they were seen followed up the lane and on reaching nearly to the top found tnafc they ' bad not
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Portway-road , which is sixty or seventy yards distant , and is reached by a footpath forming the usual approach to the colliery . As she did not return home at the time expected , the father went out in search of her . llo did not return eithor , and after more than an hour had olapsed , the mother became alarmed at the absence of both , and she went out to see what h ad become of them , leaving her four children sitting round the fire . The eldest Of these , a boy about ten years of age , fell asleep soon afterwards , and continued so until about two o ' clock in the morning , when he was awoke by the crying of his younger brothers and sisters . He then found that neither his parents nor sister had returned , upon which ho resolvcdto go to an aunt who lives in the Portway-roadin order to see whether
, they were at her house . He happened to di verge a little from the usual path in going thither , and it was fortunate for him that he did so . In groping his way along the pit-bank he observed a smoky vapour rising from a hole , and thinking this might have something to do with the absence of his parents , if he did not at once conjecture what had occurred , the poor little fellow mentioned the circumstance to his aunt , as well as the other particulars we have narrated . The aunt immediately got the assistance of some neighbours , and proceeded to the spot , when their worst fears were realised , as they found that what is known by miners as a " crownings in" had taken place . Eight or ten yards from the hovel , and right on the line of pathway to which we have before referred , . a subsidence of the soil had
occurred , leaving visible a round hole five or six feet wide , from which was issuing such a vapour as showed that it was connected with a coal-pit . This vapour prevented any immediate steps being taken to recover the bodies of the three unfortunate persons , who , there could be no doubt , had fallen in one after the other , as they went along the path . As soon as daylight made its appearance , every effort was made to reach the bodies , but it was not until the forenoon of the 6 th inst . that they were brought up . It turned out that the hole was about twelve or fourteen yards deep , and it hag tho appearance of having , at some remote period , been used as a shaft to the coal workings underneath , although no one was aware of its existence , as is case in regard to hundreds of similar hidden pitfalls
throughout the district . This occurrence adds but another drop to the ocean of arguments which have for many years been accumulating , although apparently in vain , to show the necessity for the passing of some legislative measure which would enforce a rigid and systematic record of mines and mining operations ; an entire mapping out , in fact , of the mineral resources of the country — a system which shall show to the present and to the future generations the fields worked and unworked , the peculiarities , difficulties , and dangers , with all other knowledge which might contribute to safe and profitable mining . The existing generation knows nothing of the position and extent of past workings , and they are leaving as little knowledge to those ¦ who may come af ter . —Birmingham Journal ,
Stra-Sge Catastrophe . —A most serious catastrophe took place about two o ' clock on the morning of the 3 rd inst ., the Cat-hole Dam having burst , and washed away the gable end of the factory ( belonging to Mr . W . Balliwell , of Kitson-wood , near Todmorden ) and greatly injured the goods and the machinery . The latter was quite new , and in goodworking order . At the time of the un ortunate event , the wife of Mr . John Judson , beerseller whose house is situated about twenty jards below the mill over the watercourse ) , happened to be employed in housework , when she was much alarmed on hearing a terrific noise . Being desirous of knowing the cause , she opened the back door , when the water rushed into
tiie house in a mighty torrent , and Mrs . Judson was glad to make her escape ; the whole of the a ! e in the house was spoiled , and a hundred weight of sugar and other property also destroyed . So powerful was the force of the water that a very large quantity of soil was deposited in the factory , and some extraordinarily large stones . The factory has not been many months occupied , it having been recently built for Mr . Halliwell by the railway company on account of their having obstructed the light of the factory he occupied at the time of the making of the Burnley branch line of railway . The damage sustained by Mr . Halliwell is about £ 1 , 400 . —Leeds LiteUigenccr .
The Great Exhibition of Works op Ixddstry of all Nations , 1851 . —Nottingham , Monday . — This morning a meeting of merchants , bankers , manufacturers , and others , was held in the Exchange Hall for the purpose of promoting this exhibition . The Mayor ( Mr . R . Birkin ) having opened the pro * ceedings , Mr . T . Carver , hosier , moved ;— " That this meeting highly approves of the proposed exhibition of the works of industry of all nations to be held in London in the year 1851 , and considers it calculated to promote the agricultural as well as the commercial and manufacturing interests of the community , and to cement a friendly union among the nations of the world . " Mr . R . Morley , of the firm of J . and R . Morley , hosiers of Nottingham and London , seconded the motion , and strongly urged the expediency of appointing committeemen who would take an active part in working out the object
of the meeting . —The resolution was carried unanimously . —Mr . Reckless , lace manufacturer , moved a vote of'thanks to Prince Albert . — Mr . Hannay , hosier , in seconding the resolution , reminded the meeting that there was no town in Great Britain which could produce manufactures of greater beauty than Nottingham . If there were any doubts on the subject of expense , these might be resolved by leaving each locality to pay for itself , but he was opposed to a tax on the country at large . He approved of money prizes ,-but thought £ 5 , 000 too large a sum for one prize . —Mr . C . Paget , as an agriculturist , spoke of the value attacked to medal prizes . —Mr . H . Reckless explained that the medals would be in addition to the money prizes . —The resolution was passed unanimously . —On the motion of Mr . Filkin , seconded by Mr . Mallett , a committee was appointed , and the proceedings terminated .
Ihe Rochdale Sayixgs Bank Defalcations . —Great excitement prevails in Rochdale in consequence of the increased amount of defalcation which the close investigation of the last few days has brought to light . The deficiencies now extend to £ 50 , 000 . John Tidd Pratt , Esq ., recommends the appointment of a committee , formed jointly of depositors and trustees , to continue the examination of the" accounts until the whole deficiencies can be fairly estimated ; and until this time all proceedings of a legal nature will be postponed . At the meeting of depositors , called by Mr . Hunt , solicitor of Rochdale , and held on Saturday morning last , the recommendation of Mr . Pratt beiug stated , the meeting acquiesced in the propriety of tho step , and a resolution was passed to adjourn for a month .
Disastrous Fhie is Manchester . — A most destructive fire occurred at noon on Sunday to the premises of Messrs . James Lillic and Sons , millwrights and engineers , Store-street . The whole of the main building in which the works were carried on is destroyed ; and as the top story , where the fire originated , was entirely filled with , patterns of wheels , &c , which have been supplied to various proprietors of machinery in all parts of tho kingdom for the last fifteen years , the loss is most serious . Indeed the sufferers themselves cannot accurately estimate it , though they suppose it to bo about £ 20 , 000 . This does not include damage done to the building . Insurances ( in the Atlas and West of England otfices ) extend only to £ S , 000 on both building and stock , Messrs . Lillie having reduced their insurances during the last year . Upwards of 200 men will be thrown out of employment by the catastrophe .
ExTitAonpixAiiT Outrage . —An act of a very extraordinary nature was committed some short time ago , and has formed the subject of very general conversation during the few past weeks . It appears that a person named John Didcote , a shoemaker , was drinking one evening in a beer-house in Cheltenham , when some persons treated him to a pot of liquor . The treat was accepted , and shortly after Didcote went home ; but on the following morning he was found to be very ill , and on medical assistance being called in no doubt was entertained that the poor fellow had been drugged with some subtle poison . The symptoms of his disease were most extraordinary . The whole of the hair came off his head , and the nails of his fingers parted from the flesh , as did , in a short time afterwards , the nails of
his toes . His whole frame became shrivelled and emaciated , and there was an evidently deep-seated mischief inflicted on the brain and nervous system . He has been attended throughout his illness by Dr Collings Robinson , and , although partially recovered , it is evident he will never again be restored to his former health . It will , of course , be asked , " What motive could have led to the perpetration of so wanton an act ? " The only motive which has been assigned ( but which we are really loth to believe ) is , that Didcote , who was formerly an active man among the Conservative party , was instrumental at the trial of the election petition in proving the bribery cases alleged against that party , and that the act was committed against him out of political spite . Such is the motive which is at present assigned , but of which there is no legal proof . We understand that a subscription is bo ' injf raised
for Didcote , who has a family of five children , and that steps are being taken lor bringing the parties who have wromged him to the punishment they so richly merit . —Bristol Journal . A Somnambulist . —About five o ' clock on Saturday morning last one of the workmen in the employ of Mr . Evans , carver , of Little Paradise , Bedminster , and who resides in the house , whilst in a state of somnambulism , rose from his bed , and after throwing about the furniture in tbo room alarmed the neighbourhood by several loud cries of "Murder !" He then jumped out of the window , a height of twelve or fourteen feet , and , strange to say , alighted without in tho least injuring himself . Ho then clambered over an outhouse , and after passing over several gardens and enclosures , scaling several palisades in Ms way , arrived at tho boundary wall of Mill-lane , which is situate above 100 yards from Little Paradise . On gefctinginto the lane , however ,
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the exertion attendant upon his climbing over the wall awoke him , and Mr . Evans , who had gone in search of him , met tho poor fellow in a state of nudity on Bedminster-causeway , greatly prostrated by cold and fatigue . Mr . Evans , however , conveyed him home , and having administered some brandy to him he soon recovered . The somnambulist states that he was under the impression that he was about to U murdered , and was endeavouring to escape from the supposed assassin . , The Misers of Newcastle , being desirous to enlist the public sympathy and influence in favour of legislative protection against the fearful loss of life bv colliery explosions , are issuing a series of monthly tractsto illucidate the necessity of some
, pv&vontive measure being enacted for that purpose . BUUGLABV . AT IMS ReCTORI HOUSE , Cl / XIOX .-At tho county magistrates ' office , Rochester , on Monday Thomas Godden , alias Thomas Godden Jones , was brought before the Rov . G . Davies , Captain Baker , and Major Boys , for final examination , charged with having on the morning of Thursday week burglariously entered tho residence ef the Rev . It , W . Shaw , at the Rectory-house , Cuxton , near Rochester , and stolen therefrom five seals , of the value of £ 5 , three silver medals , a pocket-compass and various other articles . The family , it appeared , retired to rest at the usual hour on the prenflflintr niirht . leaving all apparently secure . Shortly
after four o ' clock next morning Mr . Shaw was disturbed by a noise below , and having listened for a few minutes he dressed himself , and went down stairs , accompanied by a servant , when he found tho drawing-room window thrown openj and a pane of glass removed from it . An Indian cabinet had been broken opon , and several articles taken away . There were drippings from a wax candle on the carpet , and some lucifer matches were also found in the room . The prisoner was taken into custody in the course of tho same morning on the road between Cuxton and Gravespnd , and on searchinghim various articles wero discovered which confirmed the suspicion that he had perpetrated the robbery . He was committed to Maidstono Gaol for trial at
the next assizes . A Victim of Mormonism . —An inquest wss held on Tuesday at Barnet ' s-grove , in the parish of Leighton , near Builds as , on tho bod y of Thomas Lloyd ( A Mormonite , or Latter-day Saint , ) who was found in tho river Severn , at Leighton , by J . Howlett , of Buildwas , on Monday . It appeared that on Saturday , tho 3 rd of November , the deceased , who was only twenty-threo years of age , was engaged in baptising a young woman , at Tier request , by moonlight , and that in so doing ho got out of his depth , although ho had baptised several there before , and was drowned . The woman herself was with difficulty saved . Verdict , " Accidental death . "Hereford Journal . Affuay with Poachers . —On Saturday afternoon , between four and five o ' clock , as two keepers in the employ of C . W . Packe , Esq ., M . P ., were proceeding round the estate , they came in contact with three men between Stanford and Cotes , whom
they supposed to be trespassing in pursuit of game , and endeavoured to take them prisoners . The poachers resisted , and a regular fight ensued . The keepers , however , succeeded in securing one of their opponents , but the other two escaped . They then proceeded to Loughborough with their prisoner , but unluckily stopped at the first public house they came to , and whilst one of them went into the town to procure a policeman , the other was left to guard the prisoner . After having sat some time , the captive expressed a wish for some tobacco , which was instantly supplied him , and as soon as ho bad exhausted his pipe , he rushed out of the house and closed the door behind him . The keepers went in pursuit of him , and nearly overtook him at the foot of the Duke of York Bridge . The poacher alarmed lest he should be caught if he ascended the bridge , took to the water , crossed the canal , and thus escaped from his pursuer . —Dei % Mercury .
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" < < i ' ¦ ' — SHIPWRECKS AND LOSS OF LIFE . Advices have beea received at Lloyd's commuui atinij the melanch oly loss of two splendid vessels , ndiamen , namely , tbe Emily , 500 tons burden , om Calcutta , and the Hanover , 700 tons . The rew of the latter all , witk the exception of one , erished . The wreck of tho Emily took place oa he 1 st of September last , on a small island on the western side of tbe Andsman group in the China seas , tho vessel at the time making for the Mauritius , and in a few hours became a total loss , both ship and cargo . The master , with most of the crew and passengers , contrived to gain the shore in safely .
five of the seamen having perished in the attempt . A k \ v hours after the wreck a large body of the natives of the island came down upon the survivors and threatened their lives . They were all armed with bow and arrows , which they presented in a menacing attitude . The poor fellows returned to the boat , and laid for thenight inside of the breakers * some distance from the shore . The following morning the boats parted company , for the purpose of gaining the Cocoa Islands . In . the pinnace were the passengers , with the optain and nine of the crew , and the long-boat contained the chief mate and the remainder of the crew . The long-boat wa 9
soon lost sight of hy those in the pinnace , and no tidings had been heard of them up to the period of the intelligence of the ship ' s loss being sent to England . Those in the pinnace suffered intensely . They were exposed in the boat for thirteen days , many became dolirious , and were all more or less in a shocking condition . On the 14 th of that month the boat gained the mainland , forty miles west of Rangoon , where the natives acted with friendship and hospitality . As regards the other unfortunate vessel , her destruction appears to have occurred on the 9 th of last month ( November , ) on the rocks at the entrance of the harbour of Bath ( United
States . ) The ship went to pieces within ten minutes after she struck , and the entire erew , chief mate excepted , met with a watery grave , amounting to twenty-six men . Another ship , engaged in the East India trade , is also reported to be lost . The barque Orpheus , Capt . Thomas Mann , belonging to London , 382 tons burden , laden with palm oil . It happened on the morning of the 18 th of October , outside of the harbour of Cochin . Her crew were saved . The aggregate amount of tho above-mentioned losses is stated to exceed £ 50 , 000 .
Faluouth , Dec 8 . —Yesterday morning at daybreak a schooner was observed in the hay west of Pendennis Castle , apparently entangled with the coast , and a pilot cutter alongside . The weather was very heavy , boisterous , and thick , the wind blowing at S . S . E ., a gale . By half-past eight she was reported stranded on the rocks between Pendennis Castle and Gyllyng vase , and immediately under the cliff above which are situated the mansion and gardens of the Rev . W . J . Coope , tbe rector of Falmouth . She proved to be the Mary , of Dartmouth , Thomas Jarvis , master , and of 123 tons register , from Acra on the coast of Africa , 105 days , for this
port for orders , She was not fully laden ; her cargo was palm oil , the property of D . Hutton and Sons , Watling-street , London . The crew , consisting of the master and six hands , had been for fourteen days short of provisions , an allowance of two table spoonfulsof flour being all they had to make use of . Of the crew two were blacks , of whom was one aged about sixty years , who had evidently been under the instruction of theWesleyan missionaries on the coast , from his constantly having , during the peril of shipwreck , invoked John Wesley to save him . On Thursday night at ten o ' clock p . m ., she made the
Lizard li'hts , she then stood off to the eastward ; a pilot cutter came alongside , and offered to put her in a place of safety for £ 150 , to which the master did not accede , but it appears to have been agreed to by both parties that they would allow of the claim beiug adjudicated oh by the underwriters or subcommisaioners of pilotage . The pilots sheered off , but after a little while returned and told the master to p » ss his hawser aft , that the cutter might tow her off the lee shore , towards whieh she was fast driving . It appears that the sails blowing away one after the other , occupied the attention of the people , which toeether with
tfteir weakened condition , prevented the pilots' instructions from being heeded ; and shortly after the pilots told the master that assistance was then too late-the schooner must go on shore . The starboard anchor was let go with f orty fathoms of chain , at which period the vessel was m the breakers , and was beaten over the rocks to within 100 yards of the cliff " It was now nine o clock , and some hundreds of persons had assembled at the rear of Gyllyngdune , the residence of the reverend rector , under which the stranded schooner lay , the waves making a fair breach over her at each return , and the weonle nainfullv
excited at witnessing the earnest appeals of the shipwrecked mariners for assistance . At length , by means of a hemp cable , a communication was established , and the mate , after a hazardous passage , contrived to reach the shore by It ; the remainder were got on shore one by oue in a barrel , suspended by a hank to the cable . As they landed they were taken to the Rev . Mr . Coope's , in which act of benevolence the ladies of his famil y took a most interesting part , exposing themselves to the inclemency of the weather for some hours , for the purpose of welcoming the dist essedand exhausted mariam , « ho mot with all that hospitality and kindness could sunnlv . Th * r *
verend gentleman rendered , with personal risk to himself , great assistance towards getting the people on shore and in taking charge of their property . By hree p . m . the tide had-receded from around the schooner , winch allowed of getting on the cliff the spars , sails , running gear , &c . She has lost her fake w ^ i ' tar ° " - ortf a ?? smashed her bottom : her gettrae off again is problematical , but her casks of oil will be landed in barges to-day ) JnV ^ , £ > tf ^ on , outward bound , was on Safnr £ ki 4 betWeea sk afld ™ «> ' " hands Sh H , ; ^ T 7 annoutlce that all ton * , with the exception of the mate , perished . Twelve souls met a waterv irmve . ; nni ,, jiL * i
, tain ' s mk .-Watcrford News , s v ~ Wreck of Six Vessels on the Gunflfft ft £ ^ W ' Fli f la 8 t ™ t £ ? SS sands fivUtf 8 WerC l 0 , on thcse dangerous fKHiSSS l iS ^ gl S i l l
SSS 3 l ? 3 S Scout soon StSinVofSp ! li ° r- ' , ^ Clltf < * SSSS ^ ffiE ^ S ^ Is ^ r Ss StlstBSs fraqu ^ ntly beenTadVtk \ sSSaiSft ^ T ^ to refund monies tlrat had Wmfif 0 < : J e . refuse fases by the HawU « ? J » « een paid in similar noon the united CyS S ° f ty ; . Monday afteu-\ f a free 1 ^ % ™^^ ^ ^ Ihe scene on board was of \ h » \ Rlver Queen - Wd affecting description fe most extraordinary beaten seaman , So Jid J ? « ^» , weatll «' ot that night wiih undaunt £ u ™ ° the P eri ! s review nf it o ^« i . , duntea co « ra « e . werein n > o :
, _ , to God t e OT £ n grS ! r * ift £ M A . subscription for the JamJi S them ^ 'erance . Mr . George Rawon heEVr m u adeo » board , SUm On their arrlySlTg ^ ' ^ S »^ oul fetffi&fiS ^ 'Ss Sated . - £ Wfcfc ExpreS y e more sa % navi-
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EWflttO . The Poon-uw Dippicuwr . —The increasing ombarrassmeats of tho distressed unions in tho south and west still iovm the leading topic in the local journals , and vehement are the demands for legislative intervention and remedy . In tho well known \ in \ on ol Kih-ush there are further evictions to aggravate all tho existing evils . Forty-five families who had been squatted upon eighty acres and some fi \ ? i n Kilmurr }'> W - i' ? , evictcd last week . Ihoy had held under a middle-man , as intermediate landlord , and this person having been elected for non-payment of rent , tho wretched colony of cottiers were turned adrift . It is stated that the land has been let to a neighbouring farmer who when bidding for it " exhibited a stocking full of gold to the landlord ' s gaze , " and was at once accepted . In the Wostport and Castlcbar unions groat exertions ava made to diminish tho exnMuii .
uro ot tuci staff , and to put a slop to out-door relief , la \\ cstport the Marquis of Sligo is actively engaged in a personal revision of the pauper lists in the several doctoral divisions . Even in the comparatively wcll-civcumstanced union of Parsontown king s County , where tho Earl of llossc has been ' so creditably exerting himself , the pressure of poor-rates is severely felt , and the Poor-law Commissionors , it appears , have , for the present waived all claim to the repayment of the instalments of the debt due to the Treasury The Jung ' s County Chronicle congratulates the ratepayers tipon the fact that thcrato about to be mado for the support of tho poor in this union will not in aiw division , exceed three shillings in tho pound ' lhat journal adds :- " We have reason to believe that the commissioners have sanctioned that where » ™ te fo T toe s « PPort of the workhouse , up to tho 2 pth of March next , and the rate-in-aid amounts to three shillings , the government temnorarv i-PliPf advances
may not be included . In tho present calamitous and distressed condition of the union i ? is an important boon . " Deplorable State of the Kilrush Unios —The Limomk papers bring melancholy accounts of a " crisis "Nvhicli has at length taken place in the affairs of this unfortunate union . Monoy and credit are all gone , and starvation has literally set in among the paupers in tho workhouse the inmates having been sen , to bed on Thursday night wffiS having eaten any dinner-the only remedy thajhe guardians could suggest to numb the sonSe of iW « T } i 0 ? hro » idc ' ° statement is a ! follow :-" . Notwithstanding the exertions of the local board and poor law inspectors , tkoin-door paupers were obliged to go to bed without dinner on ThurS night . The master brought the state of the house as regards want of provisions for that day , before the board , when soup and chopped turning « rown
on the land was the only food available . The outdoor paupers are in a desperate state , crowding the depots and following the relieving officers by thousands to town to get irito the workhouse but one day ' s admissions ( 300 admitted ) so crowded tho auxiliary that admission was impossible . Barley , the produce of the land about the workhouse , has been ordered to be threshed ; but arc 2 , 600 paunors
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Scotland Hungarian Refugees in Leith .-Thirty-five Hungarians—a portion , we believe , of the defenders of Coraorn—have been landed at Leith in circumstances fitted to excite deep though respectful compassion . Twenty-seven of these are gentlemen of rank , education , and formly of wealth—and all of them are now penniless . They had arrived at Hamburgh on their way to America , and were waiting for a passage , when tbe Hamburgh police , acting under foreign and evil influence , drove them from the city and compelled them to seek refuge on our shores
lhey were indebted to Captain Blackwood of the Martello for a cabin passage at half price . It is gratifying to be able to state that the merchants of Leith have at once raised £ 60 for the strangers cast among them , and mean at least to try to make up £ 250 , which will pay the passage to America , and other expenses . — A . respectable and influential meeting was held on Saturday last in the hall of the Chamber of Commerce , Edinburgh , to devise means for their relief . Mr . John Ritche , chairman of the Chamber of Commerce , was in the chair . After a lengthened discussion , a committee was appointed to collect subscriptions for the relief and assistance of the Hungarian refugees ,
Fatat , Accidknt at leith . —We regret to state that Mr . G . T . Page , civil engineer , acting at the dock improvements under Mr . Rendall , met with an accident on the 6 th inst , tbat terminated fatally a few hours afterwards . Mr . Page left his office at four p . m ., to inspect the inner dock wall , which , to protect it from the frost , was recently covered with a coping of straw , which projected a little over the wall . Here Mr . Page incautiously put his foot , and fell a height of nearl y twenty feet , striking his head upon a cross beam in his descent . When carried home it was found his skull was fractured , but a fatal result was not apprehended till ten o ' clock , when the medical gentlemen remarked symptonsof congestion , and Mr . Page died at one o ' clock next morning , lie stood high in his profession as | an engineer , and his sudden death has caused a gloom among the many workman under his charge . He has left a wife and a young family to lament hia loss . "Scotsman .
Incendiarism . —We have been imforaed of a very serious case of fire raising which occurred in the beginning of last week in Kintyre , about three miles from Campbelton . It is stated that a farmsteading , corn stacks , and dairy stock , consisting of sixty head of cattle , ( fee , were completely destroyed , lu-om circumstances which have transpired , suspicions are entertained that the conflagration had been kindled by the torch ; of an incendiary . We also understand that certain parties charged with having committed the crime are at present lying in Campbelton gaol , and that an investiRation of the matter is at present going on . We believe that the s was lnsured in one office to the extent of * 3 . 0 < J 0 . The affair has created a great sensation in the district . —North British Mail .
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to be fed on the principle of " live horse and you'll got grass . " It is fearful to think of the state of the Kilrush union—nothing but starving creatures from tho country to be seen pouring into a starving workhouse ; the board meet every day , but , if wo are to judge from the general confession of that body , they are able to effect no good . Tho chairman , Colonel CM . Vandeleur , took the chair yesterday , and his presence was sufficient it was thought to get the' needful , ' but to no purpose ; out-door paupers and relieving officers wero sent homo , and in-door paupers recommended to go to bed . The coroner attended an inquest on a man who was
found in a dying state on the side of the road near Kilmurry . Mortality in the workhouse has been small , but , owing to tho able-bodied on the outdoor relief being struck off , the deaths in that department are every day increasing to a frightful extent . Relieving officers complain that they must bury their dead without coffins . The board yesterday agreed to petition the Poor Law Commissioners on tho state of the union , and said that the guardians would not be morally responsible fov the deaths that may occur through starvation . State op Trade . —Tho following is an extract from the weekly commercial report of the
Freeman's Journal : — " We cannot report any increase in the amount of business done in this week , trade continuing very spiritless in almost every branch . Money grows more and more plentiful and difficult of safe and profitable employment , and in consequence almost all kinds of stocks and shares hav e borne higher prices . The retail traders complain bitterly of the want of business , and we regret to learn that several stoppages of a minor character have taken place during the last few days , traceable to the deplorable stagnation existing , especially in articles of fancy or luxury . " Society for Promoting the Growth ov Flax
in Ireland . —The annual meeting of this society was held last week in Belfast , John Sharman Crawford , Esq ., presiding , when a long and valuable report was read , detailing the operations of tho society in extending the cultivation and preparation of flax throughout this country , in aid of which two separate grants of £ 1 , 000 each had been obtained from the Treasury , through the intervention of the Lord-Lieutenant . We subjoin the concluding passages of this important report : — " In several of the workhouses , both in Ulster , and the other provinces , flax has . been spun and woven into linen ; and , in some cases , the plant has been grown on a portion
of the ground laboured by the paupers . In a few instances , also , the fibre has been scutched in the workhouses , as a means of employing the inmates . Your committee are of opinion , that the general introduction of hand-scutching in the poor-law unions of the south and west would be very desirable , as in cases where a district has just entered on flax culture , and where no mill has been established , farmers are often deterred from proceeding with it , from the great expense of preparing the Sax by the labour of inexperienced hands . The linen manufacture has participated in the revival of trade from its loner depression ; and . as much activihv
now prevails in many of its branches , there is a good prospect to growers of flax of a largo demand and remunerating prices for that article . The establishment of a school of design in Belfast , and the patronage of her Majesty the ( Jueen , to the finer branches of the manufacture , are likely to give them a favourable impulse , and to increase the consumptions of the raw material . The society has now been nearly nine years engaged in its arduous labours to accomplish tho great national object for which it was formed . During tho period that has elapsed sinco its foundation , in 1841 , it has succeeded , notwithstanding the opposition that
prejudice and long-rooted habits have presented , in generally improving the growth and preparation of the flax plant , in all the districts of Ulster to which its operations have beon extended . It has introduced scutching machinery of a very superior description to that fcmnerly in use , and has thus accomplished a great economy in labour and material . It has induced tho saving of a largo portion of seed , formerly lost in the steep-pools , thereby enabling the grower to increase the profits of the crop , by tbe sale of the seed , or its use in feeding his cattle . Since its attention has been directed to the districts of the other provinces , it has done
much towards that great extension of flax cultivation at which it has aimed . Out of the twentythree counties of the provinces of Leinster Munster , and Connaught , its operations have been extended to twenty-one . In some of these Cork Mayo , Limerick , Tipperary , Queen ' s County , Wexford , and Louth—flax culture may now be said to have firmly taken root ; and in the rest it is in a greater or less state of progress , according to tho circumstances of the districts ov the period at which the society took them in charge . Where flax has been extensively grown duriHg the late years of distress , it has been of tho utmost service to the class
poorer of farmers , by enabling them to reserve for the support of their families and live stock the food crops that would otherwise have gone to pay rent and taxes , but whose place , for this purpose flax has supplied . The amount of employment thus given has been very great , more especially to the weaker classes of tho population . When the society was instituted , flax was the only crop in which the Irish farmer had to maintain an W ^ competition with tbe foreigner . While all kinds of grain produce , cattle , &c ., were subject to considerable duties on their importation into these countries , the duty on foreign flax had been reduced to a mere nominal amount . It resulted , therefore that , notwithstanding the peculiar suitability of our sou and climate to the growth of flax t , h « merits of this
question were thrown considerably in the back ground , by the premium that existed on the cultivation of other crops . At the present moment , however , since the late changes in our tariff , this disadvantage is removed ; and with the mereasedattcntion that has been paid to the detail * of management , through the teaching of the society and the necessity for improvement caused by foreign competition , is now in a more favourable position to make good its way than it has ever yet been . . In England and Scotland , the reduced rates for gram produce have caused much attention of late to be turned to flax cultivation , so Ion * neglected m those countries ; and your committee have had numerous applications for advice and information , which they have almost readily erinte . i conceiving , as they So , that this ques i on s not merely of national but of imperial VoS / 8 t £
cneapness ot labour in Ireland must always give us an advantage in a crop requiring so much fflJS lation as tlax , and experience has proved thif- in all the elements for tho sueecssfurnrosepS t this branch of agriculture , we are in no case ? Hfe X ' woS " cn superior ' l 0 mv rivals > throusKt The Practial Instructors' Pond . —The Lord-Lteutenant has placed a further sum of £ 1 000 at he disposal of the Royal Agricultural Sobietv for the ^ appointment of the Practical Instructor / who have rendered such service in the promoK of improved husbandry in this country pi 0 UM > tl 0 a ot National EDucATioN .-Most of " the workbo . iBP schools in this country are connected 2 h the Nahonnl Board . The Northern WIuq states that at the last meeting of the Lisbnra guardians mStSn was submitted that their schools should be ^ wi ^ in connexion with that board . The VnnS P adopted ^ majority of eighteen to ftSl ^
me marquis ot Uownsh re , who nrpsirUi ¦> T that he could no longer be cKE of A , ° " ^ After some discussion , it was ZZl ? tn T "' any finaldecision until the . beginntnlof Sv ? ° T Tiih Old and Young InsiJSSK InS ? ^ XSZEtt £ ^* Z % te ie ^ = ^ faSS ? which he says that the YoiW t " i v T > m " simply that the conditions . SSiSt ?? ast year shall be mutually adopted thi ^ d T " « all . They resolvedtheLelve lo ^ 2 = % » establishment of a new Association ™ P ° * -toe Protectionist Movement - ~ a L document is now circulating " throu \ l 7 i !^ , J the instance of the E » rl of GleSli IS " ! 3 ' peers , in the shape of a . petitiW 1 * 6 . ^ ior
Fiayuig protection to the asricultiiMiTni . i '' thecountry . We believe it is iSded ^ S ° i work , for an amendment to the iffi » £ T mentnext session , incase some meSnf ,- pa rha not recommended by the speech ?^ 1 * 1 ? are We understand that the petition 1 ^ Pl "? ronegreat ability , taking a bfif Sie ? 0 P fT red -, with his country , social and politS Ua K CTll lof throughout a spirit of nationality oA thP n ^ thes and of loyalty on the other , which LT , ha d highest credit , upon thoso who wdertoA * * , of preparing it . The abolition of the v * " H of Ireland is the only question ^* , /«*«» yalty address , -limerick ChroniclT e to P & the During a portion of last weok « , « was exceedingly boisterous , violent ^ i , ather accompanied by a heavy foil or S & ** bein § from tho provinces described SSiwJ ? ' 1 CC 0 Unts weather , and the floods have fnfliS ? Stat - , of the injury in various parts of thecS co ? < lerable ford it bUma- regular stori K ; A * Water-Dublin there were some extensive floS Vlcmit 7 of the incessant rain of Friday kS ? w " caUse « by ^ J ™« s ^ raC ter l lfls / esuked Th ° acoidont raised at Belfast for the reception ^ « he P avilion been destroyed by the heaves U oa rho Kilkenny cts state thi t ¦ ooebes aro . jUaJiug thfough'te *««* * bounng counties , ° uat an < l the neigh-. EXIBRMISATIOS OP TuiRtv t ^ informed that thirty famili esLf AMI ^ --TVe are day . week , from fcappad eff 5 ° Cvlctcd on Thunfcarl of Limerick , in the w , V * Property of th « "'" on ofEnnis . Of tKf l Cloj V and t o f r . SKV ^ S »««" s
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$ t ) e uroutneeg . LAXCASmnE . —DllEADFULMtJROEROF A WlFE . —On the 7 th inst . an inquest was held before the borough coroner , on the body of Isabella Cheetham , wife of Richard Cheetham , a collier , living in Bollan-street Over Darwen , who died in consequence of the brutal injuries which she received from her husband . The
deceased and her murderer had been married about five years , and were respectively aged twenty-six and twenty-five years . The prisoner was present during the investigation . The principal witness was Mary Knowles , a child of nine years old , sister of the deceased , who said—When she went in on the occasion in question the deceased and her husband were in the house , and he was sober . There was a pan upon the fire , and the prisoner began to shake it and to spill the water in the fire ; he then took the pan off the fire , and said it should not go on again until he had something to eat . His wife said she could not get it without the money . The prisoner replied , "But I'll make thee do it , " and he lifted up his fist and knocked her down . He hit her in the breast , and she fell on the floor ; he then
got upon her , and knelt upon her belly with his knees , and " began akneedingof her , ( working his knees up and down , or stamping upon her with them ) . He then commenced pulling her ears until he made them bleed . Whilst he was on her he kept hitting her with his fists on both sides of the head . She shouted out , " Oh , dear me , " and a neighbour came up and said , " They are killing Isabella !" The prisoner knelt upon his wife for about twenty minutes , he then got up and commenced pulling her nose . This took place on the Thanksgiving-day . The deceased lingered until the following Thursday , when she died . Several other witnesses having been called , the jury , after a short deliberation , returned a verdict of " Wilful Murder" against tho prisoner , and he was committed to Iurkdale to await his trial .
The : New Cocxtx Gaol of IIasts being completed , the few remaining prisoners in tbe old gaol ¦ were removed to the new one on the 6 th inst . Among these was one ( a debtor ) , William Miller , formerly of Christchurcli , cabinet maker , who had been in confinement thirty-five years ! he having been committed on the 3 rd of December , 1814 . The old man was very loth to exchange his old apartments , and was actually carried out of the gaol to the carriage which was to convev him to the
new prison . Fire at Upper Haue Park . —At about five o ' clock ou the evening of the 7 th inst . a fire broke out in one of the old wings of the mansion at Upper llarc-park , the seat of Gen . Grosvernor , who , with , the family , is now from home , the only persons residing there being a man servant and * some females , who are left in charge of the house . A despatch was immediately sent to Xewmarket for the engine , which was on tho spot as soon as tune would permit , and the fire was confined to that portion of the house in which it commenced , and which was entirely destroyed . The rest of tho buildings , and all the new part of the mansion , was fortunately preserved . The fire is supposed to have been caused by the overheating of one of the flues , by which means some joints and other woodwork became ignited .
The Recent Case of CmtD Mcrder . —On Saturday last an inquiry was resumed by T . R . Falkncr , Esq ., coroner , at the house of Ann Harrison , the lloyal Oak , North Leverton , in the county of Nottingham , on the boily of a certain male child , supposed to have been murdered by its mother , which has caused great sensation throughout the neighbourhood . The first witness examined was Mary , wife of Theophilus Burton , who on being sworn deposed that her sister , Sarah Drake , left North Leverton , about twelve vcars ago . Five years ago thi 3 Christmas my hus " band ' s ° brother
, Thomas Burton , who lived at Xorth leverton , received a box containing a dead child , but did not sec the child hersel £ Sarah Drake came to see her parents in 18 ± S , and stopped about ten months , and vrentaway in February last . She never said she had a child . She had no idea where her sister was at this time . Before she went away last February she told her she thought it hard her mother mentioned to her that the box had come wUh the SSf 1 ? 5 ft * ^ ever knew an >' thin 2 about it .-After the production of some further evidence the inquiry was adjourned . agical
Tr Occciuiexce at Wedsesbtoy -Xuventure to assert t&d £ fXaSeJto ^ ffl than the one we are about to relate has but seldom taken paco in South Staffordshire . In a fij ° S the back of the Baptist Chapel , on the Volvhead Sh ? cK o f S fe to MessSams imma SfEssjarj : geKS-SlL- riiSffi
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gone on to the Scrubbs , but had got out in tbe lane , ana got over the fence into a meadow belonging to Mr . John Pain , the proprietor of Old Oak . farm unormation of the affair was despatched to the police as soon as the parties were observed , but their movements were so prompt that almost as soon as the persons who followed them could get to the part where the carriage and postchaise were standing , the road being very rough , two shots were fired , and in less than five minutes the five gentlemen returned over tho fence together the one supposed to be the surgeon instantly iumpin * on his horse and galloping off , whilst the ' other fmir
gentlemen , who appeared to be on friendlv terms , got into the carriage , which immediately drove off , followed by the empty postehavse . After the vehicles had got some little distance doftn the lane , thev were met by a sergeant aiid constable of police , but ob ervmg then- approach , the carriage was driven Bwittly on and the police did not interrupt their progress ; and on reaching the end of Wood-lane , they returned towards town . All that could be gleaned trom the drivers of the vehicles , by the party who loiiewed them , was that one of the principals was a gentleman well-known on the turf , and the other a memher of a club in St . James ' -street . It is said that all the parties can be identified by those who saw them .
Opening of the Martlebose Baths axd i . i ?? OUSES ' ~ 0 nTuesdaytnecerera ° Dyof ' openin <> the I abl'c Baths and Washhouses , erected for the parish of Marylebone , on the site of the late lea gardens attached to the Yorkshire Stingo , New-road , took place in the presence of the churchwardens , vestry , baihs and washhouse commissioners , and a vast assemblage of ladies and gentlemen . The cost of the entire building , - which is a very neat structure Of redbrick with Bath facing , will amount to very nearl y £ 20 , 000 .
^ SwiinFiELD Club Cattle Show . —Tuesday was the first day at the cattle show , and the crowded state of the bazaar throughout the day evinced the interest which the public take in the rise and progress of the beef and mutton with which , they are to be regaled in the approaching festive season . The Duke ofllichmond , the Earl of Leicester , and other n ° tabiljties connected with agriculture , visited the exhibition , during the day , and expressed their satisfaction in very warm terms . Three or four of the swell mob made their appearance in the course of the day , hut were soon detected and removed .
Melaxcholy asd Fatal Accident . —On Tuesday afternoon the body of L . H . Shadwell , Esq ., barnster-atJaw , and second son of Sir L . Shadwell , Vice-Chancellor , was discovered hi a ditch which divides Barnes Elms Park the residence of his father , from an adjoining farm . The deceased occupied a sleeping apartment in a lodge , which is about a quarter of a mile distant from the mansion occupi ed by the family ; and he was last seen alive on Sunday night , when he left the house about halfpast nine o ' clock to walk across the park to his lodge . The night was not only dark , but there was an intense fog . It having been ascertained in the morning that he had been absent from his customary sleeping-place during the night , a search was in .
stituted , and on Tuesday the body was discovered in the ditch already mentioned , in which the water was not more than two feet six inches deep , but the deposit of mud was still deeper . Dr . Willis was sent for and made an external examination of the body , which it should be stated was dressed , with the exception of the feet . Which were naked . There was no trace of the shoes , but afterwards socks were found in his pockets . His trousers and other portions of his dress had been much torn , apparently by the brambles at the side of the ditch , which the deceased had evidently caught at to save himself if possible in his descent . A ring and other valuable
property were on his person , showing that the deceased had not been the victim of robbery . The general supposition as to the cause that led to the death is that the deceased on leaving the mansion diverged out of the right path , owing to the heavy fog , and fell into the sluice connecting the lake with the river , the tide being then up , and being a most fearless swimmer , it is presumed he swam out into the river , and then landed on the towing path , and in endeavouring to regain the park he inadvertantly fell into the ditch , where it was evident his struggles had been most terrific to extricate himself . Death of Mr . DEroir Disos . —This gentleman , well known in the city circles from his long connexion with the "Ward of Cripplegate-without , died ou "Wednesday at the advanced age of seventythree . He has left a numerous family to mourn his loss .
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- 6 - „ . „ , THE NORTHERN STAR ' * . December 15 , 1849 .
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Dec. 15, 1849, page 6, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1552/page/6/
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