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Northern Star (1837-1852), 20th October 1849, Edition 1 of 3, Page 8, Untitled Article

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    • ©tjrtitttft BitiUtgince*
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    • Printed hj WILLIAM RIDER, of No. 5, HHcelesfield-street
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      Untitled Article

      dencethat he did not know there had been a ike , and when lasted if there hadheen any alteran ot wages at Messers . Worrall ' s , he said he did ZxUZ ' nF ** S ' til 0 } 1 & > t « a > clearly ovcd that this man had absented himself , there j s no proof that he had absented himself unlaw-. * « , * v re - ? nothing inconsistent with tha ct , that he might not have been away from his Ttvi P ° rmission of his master . I don't y 1 think they had given him permission to go ray , 1 think they had not , but 1 say themagisate ought to have given him the benefit of what ie . other sile neglected to prove . I urged this , hut failed to make the court comprehend . They were etermined he should be imprisoned and flogged .

      Cries of " Shame . " ) Now , it is just possible that ome of you may think that this flogging part of the enicnce—the words in the warrant are , that he be nprisoned and pat to hard Labour , and that he be orrected . It is possible that some of you may hink that the last term means nothing . But I sited the govener of the gaol if theprwoner was 0 be flogged ? He said , " Yes , he willb » flogged rith thecat-o ' -nine tails , " and I kiowttut hese polers are not backward in inflicting th 8 p « a : shnent . 1 know some of them have a relish for it ; nd one of them once told me he never knew snch 1 thrill of joy come over him as when he lifted the iat-o-nine tails— " he liked to pitch it into them so . " Grie 3 of "Shame . ' : and great sensation . ) It is a

      nore accident that Bailey was not flogged on first ping into goal , and then our endeavours to save urn through an application to the judge would have isen too late . Fortunately there is a sort of ramanity about these gaolers at the Xew Bailey . It eemsto be a part of that huraauity that they like o send a youth or a man home to his parents or ds wife with his back lacerated , that they may feel lis ignominy and share his feelings . ( Renewed cries f "Shame . " ) You know what an awful thing his application of the lash is . You hare seen it in lewspapere , no doubt , feat a man threw himself rom the mast of a ship and wag dashed to pieces ather than have the cat applied to his back ; and mother man , % soldier , perished from the lash at

      Ilounslow . As was justly remarked by the preceding speaker , this punishment is unkonwn to the English law as applied to adults ; but is has been allowed to linger on the statute-hook with regard to apprentices , and that is the reason why I said the law of apprenticeship could not he applied in this case to a man wko attained his majority , seeing that the punishment awarded him by the law of apprentices was one which the law had not retained in tha case of those of mature years ; and -that was a point referred to in glowing trems by the learned jadgeto whom the application was addressed . Notwithstanding the opinion that strikes are an evil , I believe they do more good than harm . As I said , there is an unfortunate leaning on the part of the magistrates towarJs the masters ; but when I say that , I speak of stipendiary magistrates , separating

      them from the others—and it is accounted for , perhaps , on the ordinary principles of human nature , because they associate and have all their pleasures together . What I complain most of in this case is that the magistrate , though he had a doubt as to his power to deal with the prisoner , did not do as other judges do , and &s judges direct juries they should do —that where there is a doubt they should give the benefit of it to the prisoner . With regard to the flogging , I belive that tke magistrate did not intend it to appear against the prisoner . I did not hear it pronounced in the judgment—but it did not appear in the warrant . But while I have pleasure in saying that , I say that the punishment of flogging onght not to be recognised at all . Mr . Roberts went on to impress on the meeting the necessity of preserving their unions , and concluded amid loud cheers .

      The resolution was carried . Mr . Southwell and others afterwards addressed the meeting .

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      TIIE CURRENCY QUESTION . TO THE EDITOR OP THE SORIHERX SI AK . Sib , —I have just read with no small degree of astonishment Mr . Brook ' s reply to my letter on the Currency . It appears that he has not thought proper to make the slightest allusion to any one of my arguments , having , as he says , met them in his letter to Mr . Culpan . I have no desire to take up the pages of the Star , or the time of its readers , with mere cavil or wordmongering , and am therefore desirous that a proper understanding should be come to . I should not have written after Mr . Culpan had taken up the subject , had I not considered that I was one of the principal persons alluded to in Mr . Brook ' s challenge . But now that the discussion has commenced I am desirous that it should

      be properly conducted , knowing that good will result from It . Mr . Brook states , in his reply to Mr . Culpan , that" we , the free paper advocates , are lwund to provercertain things , —how the paper will work in our foreign trade , &c . Xow , with all due deference to Mr . Brook , I beg leave to inform him that if that is Ids efinion , he is ignorant of the laws of argumentation . We are not at present obliged to prove anyfning . lie has thrown out the challenge , and assumed the affirmative Of the question , while ¦ we occupj merely a negative position , * and by the rales of logic , no man is ever called upon to prove a negative . He must first attempt to prove his posit ion . If he succeeds , the discussion is at an end ; if he fails , then we assume the affirmative , ard Jav

      down our position , which he can either admit or assail . Having thus put Mr . Brook in his proper position , I shall bow proceed to examine his arguments . He complains of having been misrepresented . If I have misrepresented him it has not peen intentionally , bnt has arisen from his unguarded method of writing . But the explanation which he offers does not , in my opinion , mend his case . He would let the money alone , but not the money dealers . 2 ? ow I imagine any thing he could ao to the men would not be of much use if the laws remain untouched ; and if he alter the laws then he floes not let the money alone , inasmuch as the money springs from the laws ; and therefore whatever was done to the men would be of no avail , because others would be found to pursue the same

      course . Mr . Brook seems to treat the idea of money Tieing abstracted out of the country with levity . He observes , that no one will part with Ms geld , either to the foreigner or any one else , without receiving an equivalent ; and that should it be abstracted that which would he left behind would speedily rise in value , and thus bring back its abstracted brethren , ^ ow these are verv fine words , and well calculated to deceive persons who are ignorant of the nature of such transactions . But when we come to strip them of their outward tinsel , and examine their naked form , we shall find a mass of fraud and robbery on the one hand , and of wretchedness and misery on the other . With

      regard to parties receiving an equivalent for their gold it is no matter to the working classes , inasmuch as they are not money-holders , and have nothing to do with the transaction . But any one acquainted wifi these transactions knows that when gold is sent , abroad it very seldom goes in the regular way of buying and selling . There are the Rothschilds , and others of the same class , who have their establishments in almost every commercial country in the world , and who may be said at present to hold the destinies of commerce in their hands . These parties can as easily transmit gold from one country to another , without the process of buying and selling , as a man can lift the victuals from one shelf of hi 3 cupboard to another . When

      gold has to be sent from one country to another , it is generally scaled up in casks , and consigned to some large commercial house , where it remains unopened until it is reshipped to the place from "whence it came . The talk about an equivalent is therefore so much nonsense . But the rise in the price of that which is left behind is a painful fact , and ene which the people are soon made to know to their cost . For just in proportion as money rises wages lower . The mills and workshops are closed , or put on short time , and wages reduced twenty or hirty per cent . The money , which before paid two men on full time , now pays six on short time . The streets are filled with unwilling idlere , who must either subsist on parish relief—work at the

      degrading test-hills for sixpence per day , —or he fed with the cold and trembling hand of charity from the soup kitchens . Nor are the working classes the only parties who suffer during these periods . Parish relief , test-hill wages , and soup-kitchen fare , begin to tell fearfully on the tills of the shopkeepers and other small tradespeople , who depend upon the yrages of the working classes for their support . It is in vain that almost every article in their shops are ticketed astonishingly cheap ! half price ! in : ; money has become so dear , and labour so cheap , that the people have ceaied to he consumers ofuuything but a few of the coarsest articles of food . In consequence of this the home trade becomes paralysed , and destitution increases . The bills of tbe tradesman and manufacturer continue to become due , and their means to take them up have become

      exhausted . Their goods are thrown upon the market at half price in order to raise the means to meet their outstanding acceptances . The parties who have taken away the gold now bring it back again , lodge it in the coffers of the Bank of ' inland , draw out its paper instead , and purchase up the goods at merely nominal prices , and « tore them up in warehouses till prices get up again , when they are Iirou « hn > ut ana spld for double Ibii purely money . This is what is meant by one of those riaeg in the price of gold which Mr . Brook treats with so much indifference . It affords the people no relief to tell them that the parties who carried abroad the gold got an equivalent for it , or that that which was left behind had doubled in value . Such a story is but io mock their misery . Could anything but the most infatuated madness induce a people to cling to a species of currency Tyhieh affords such opportunities to a set of cons » s » eelc 3 s scoundrels to plunder and rob them at

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      pleasure ? The people remain as willing , and as able as ever . Their heads are as skilful to contrive , and their hands to execute ; the national resources remain undiminished , but a few casks of gold are locked up in the cellars of some foreign country , and the people must starve till it is brought back and safely lodged in Threadneedle-street . Mr . Brook has given us a programme of whai he would do had he the power . This , of course , we are to look upon as his plan of setting things to

      rights . First , we are to wait until the government falls to pieces of its own accord . That event having happened , we are to settle off with the banks and their creditors , —stop the issue of all paper money , —and return to a purely metallic currency ; then knock off the taxes , and hand over the land to the fundholdcr ; and this is to constitute Mr . Brook's political and social El Dorado . I would just remind him , however , that" society is a wheel which must be repaired while it is in rapid motion ;" and he must show us how he will take out the old

      spokes and put m the new ones , and yet prevent himself from being destroyed by its velocity . When we have got political power we shall only hare got a g limpse of the land of liberty ; we shall still be dwelling on the dark and gloomy shores of detpotism . A wide and yawning gulph will lio betweon us and the promised land . All history proves that to bridge over this gulph with safety has been the greatest difficulty which the true reformers of all ages and countries have had to perform . Forno sooner have they made the attempt than the destructive batteries of despotism have been let loose upon them , and they have either been driven back or destroyed . The man who lias set himself up as a public teacher , —who has not duly weighed over this matter , and prepared to meet it , —has neglected the most important part of his duty . That Mr . Brook has not done so is clearly evident from his

      programme . Setting aside this idea that we are to wait for political power until the government tumbles to pieces of its own accord , and voluntarily surrenders its power into our hands , which I imagine will be the day after doomsday ; the rest of bis plan is a rank absurdity , aud will end in the destruction of the first government , no matter whether Whig , Tory , or Democratic , that attempt to put it in execution . In the first place , the great bulk of the people are ignorant of the nature of the power that oppresses them . They are aware they are wronged by some one , and they have been taught to believe that government has the power of redressing their wrongs . When , therefore , a popular government had been elected they would naturally look for some speedy relief , and if they found only increased distress they would soon overturn the

      Democratic government , and restore their old taskmasters to power . It requires very little penetration to discover that the moment Mr . Brook attempted to put his plan into execution the entire population would be thrown out of employment and that , too , without any prospect of bein * env ployed again , perhaps , for years . We have all witnessed those periods of distress which I have attempted to describe , which occur when the gold has left the country , and the paper money has been curtailed in quantity and raised in value ; but if we could just get a view of all thebanks being stopped , without any substitute being provided beyond the metallic currency , and the general bankruptcy that would follow , we should behold a mass of wretchedness and misery to which even Ireland , in her worst periods , has been a stranger .

      The magnitude and extent of our industrial operations are such , that it will be utterly impossible to carry them on with a metallic currency , without snch a breaking down in the price of labour and its products as will put an entire stop to all the productive operations of the country , and the people will have to perish by thousands ; whilst the Jews , and those who are holders of gold , would , according to Mr . Brook , have their property , which is gold increased in value ferty-fold . All this would take place whilst the circumstances of th » country were accommodating themselves to the altered state of the currency . Can any one suppose that it would be possible for any government to maintain its existence , much less its popularity , durinsr such a

      eenerai wreck . Most decidedly not . The people would cry out , like the Israelites of old , for their old Egyptian taskmasters and the flesh-pots , in preference to perishing in such a wilderness of despair . But supposing that it shouid survive the storm , and the people could be persuaded patiently to suffer , in the expectation of better things , would the result answer the proposed end ? I deny it . Were the people who produce the only parties who consume , then it would be a matter of perfect indifference whe ther the price of their labour was great or small . But when we consider what a large portion there are who live without any kind of labour , and whose incomes are fixed , even when the tax-eaters are destroyed , and the large quantitv of our Mods

      which are consumed by the foreigners , we are led to the conclusion that every reducation that is made in our labour is so much given away to the idler and the foreigner . Whenever a general reduction takes place , wages are always reduced in a greater proportion than other thingg , just in proportion to the amount consumed by the idler and the foreigner , whilst the iucome of these parties is just enhanced in the samo proportion that the labour is reduced Thus if the purchasing power of the sixpence was made equal to that of the sovereign , in order to preserve the balance of trade we should be obliged to give the foreigner forty pounds worth of goods in return fthe nt

      or same quaity for which we now give him only one pound ' s worth , whilst the man who is now worth fifty pounds a year would then be equal to the man who is now worth a thousand . Now these parties could not be enriched in this manner without the people being made poorer by the amount . While , therefore , the man of money had his fifty pounds raised to a thousand , the man who now rec eives ten shillings a week wa ges would then have to labour for about twopence . Mr . Brooks seems to be afraid of having to strip his shirt from his back under a national system of paper money , but , I think , under his metallic currency we should soon have none to strip .

      As for handing the land—which ought to be the common property of the nation—over to the fundholder , I think these parties have robbed the people to a sufficient extent , without having the land handed over to them as a reward for tueir peculation and plunder . In conclusion , I would observe , that I have no wish to drag irrelevant matter into the discussion ; but when we are told that in a certain state of society money would be of no use , we are led to ask what that state of society is ? Mr . Brook will , perhaps , say that I am here misrepresenting him—that he did not say that money was of no use—but he said that which was the same thing ; because if the amount is of no moment , then it does not signify whether it be one pound , or one hundred millions ; and if one p ound would do then , how would one hundred millions do ? He thinks that communism is impracticable . If he will look to America he will

      see that it is practicable . I am of opinion that it would be best for Mr . Brook to write series of letters detailing his whole plan , then if we think him wrong we can write a series in reply ; he can then rejoin , after which we will give him a detail of our plan ; he can then reply , and we can rejoin . I thiBk vre should be likely to come at the truth in this way better than by discussing either plan in parts , a method which must always be imperfect . C . Shackleion . Queen s-liead , near Halifax . [ We have no objection to the fullest discussion of the Currency question , but if Mr . Brook and his opponents proceed to act upon the suggestion conveyed in the last paragraph of the above letter , they must study brevity , both as regards each series , and each letter . We do not hold ourselves bound to insert letters , though otherwise unobjectionable , which exceed half a column . —Ed . N . S \\

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      THE MISERS OP THE NORTH . TO THE EnilOR OF inE MOUTHERS STAR . Sir , —The delegate meeting of the Miners of this district took place on Saturday last , at Mr . Greener ' s , sign of the Cock , Newcastle , when an accession of members were added to- the union , together with additional delegates , thus presenting proofs of further progress of the most cheering character . The first business was of a preliminary nature , being relative to the adoption of a few regulations for conducting the business of the delegate meeting , and to facilitate the same . The next question was in connexion with the restriction of labour , from which it was understood that in future , and until the miners are more generally organised , four shillings per day shall not be

      exceeded , but it is left entirely to each colliery or district to fix a temporary restriction or regulation at any figure below the said four shilling * Latters were read from Sir G . Grey and Professor Philips , the Commissioner appointed to examine into the ventilation of mines , wherein the former states his rcadinea * to have the case alluded to properly examined , and the latter appoints Monday , the 22 nd of October , at 3 p . m ., to meet a deputation of the Alincm concerning the state of the collieries with respect to the ventilation . The following collieries wero then selected , each to send one man to form the deputation : —Washington , Wegtartou , Crook Wall , Castle Eden , Walls End , ff

      w «»« j Grains , oxelose , Crow Trees , North Het-{ qh , CWo |» , ftdij ( / uDtoil . The fiegwury having announced that a most calumnious article had been published in the Globe [> n \ ter , and reprinted in the Newcastle Courant , at once charging Mr . Wyld , M . P ., with attending the public meeting of miners held on the Black Fell for the Hole purpose of " urging them to form combinations to resist reduction of wages , and to insure employment to all Miners , who are willing to work *" whereas the object ofthat gentleman ' s visit was to ascertain the condition of the pits with regard to ventilation , and to urge the' necessity of governmental interference in preventing the immense sacri-

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      fice of life , caused by explosions , Ac . ; and lest hi humane purpose should be attempted to be miscon " strued , he guarded against that by the following words :- " Ho declined any participation in the dispute between them and their masters about wages , " his" object being a national remedy for the benefit of all Miners . The delegates rwolved with perfect unanimity to afford Mi . Wyld every aid in defending and vindicating his character against the foul slander , and provide the means ( if needs be , ) to prosecute the party who propagated it . The next business was a proposition from Seaton Deleval Colliery , " That a subscription be entered into to assist the widow of the late secretary , Wni . Hell " which was adopted unanimously .

      It was then resolved "To hold the next delegate meeting at the house of Mr . 6 . Corby , New Durham ; chair to be taken at nine o ' clock a . ui , Thelevy for the unemployed to be threepence per member , and one penny to the general fund . " Several delegates then detailed the hardships and suffering endured by those whom their hard-hearted employers had turned out of door in this inclement season of the year , and it affords some consolation to learn that in one case the workmen have taken legal proceedings to ascertain whether they are not entitled to one month ' s notice before ejectment . At another colliery the workmen have had their wages paid by truck or tommy ticket , and as they have ceased to work until an advance of price is given , the wages earned has been retained by their master for goods got at the store , but as this is said by a legal gentleman to be illegal , summonses are to bo

      tafcen out to recover the wages so retained . Six of the workmen had also been apprehended and taken before the magistrates for neglect of work , convicted , and ordered to prison for three months , when Mr . Briggs , the attorney , demanded to look at the agreement , which he pronounced invalid , and succeeded in getting the magistrate to reverse his decision with respect to the men going to prison . These recitals had a tendency to avouse the delegates to a more definite plan of procuring a redress of those evils , and on the motion of Mr . Smith , it was resolved : — " To lay before the respective collieries the necessity of establishing a law fund , in order that injustice to the working Miners may be prevented . " The meeting was then adjourned unto Saturday , the 27 th inst ., at New Durham . Yours truly , . . : ' M . Jdde .

      P . O . —It is respectfully intimated that each colliery haying just complaints about the state of the ventilation will forward the same to M . Jude , Sandyford-lane , Bams Bridge , Newcastle , that they may be laid before the deputation and Professor Philips . All statements to be accurate , and sent m en or before Saturday , October 20 .

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      ORGANISATION OF LABOUR . TO THE DELEGATES WHO MAY COMPOSE THE PROPOSED CONFERENCE OF THE LONDON TRADES . Gentiemen , —As you are about to meet in Conference , on the 7 th of November next , to deliberate upon the best means of delivering your order from their depressed condition , and as I have laboured in conjunction with many of you to establish an organisation among the trades , I , therefore , trust I need offer no apology for offering a few remarks on what appears to form a correct and well-directed policy . I say a correct and well-directed policy because all the past exertions , the money , and the time which the trades have spent in struggling to secure " a fair day's wage for a fair days

      work' have totally failed . You may behold the reason of such failure in the fact , that the trades themselves have never yet correctly understood or settled what really constitutes " a fair day ' s wage for a fairday ' s work . " That system of remuneration cannot surely be considered " a fair day ' s wage for a fair day's work , " which , compels most workmen to make two shillings for an individual in the capacity of an employer , while the employed are only making one shilling for themselves . And yet this is all that has been attempted by the most enthusiastic trades' unionists of the old school . The trades of Great Britain have never yet had the intelligence or the fortitude to make a stand against this nefarious system of man being used up

      by man . How , then , are we to rectify this great abuse , and give practical effect to this ill-understood phrase of " a fair day ' s wage for a fair day ' s work ?" That can only be done by making the working classes , as far as possible , their own employers , under the most efficient associational arrangements , by which means the employed would receive the full value of their labour , instead of two-thirds of it being systematically handed over to individuals who are licensed to defraud them , merely because they happen to be employers . I am firmly convinced that to attempt any other mode of permanently bettering the condition of all classes of workmen than by extending the field of employment , and giving the employed the full value of

      their labour , would turn out to be a most grievous delusion . It is impossible for any right-minded man to observe . and study the position of tW working classes without coming to the conclusion , that as far as the question of labour and its reward are concerned , all classes of workmen are subjected to a cruel system of legalised confiscation . How , then , shall we remove this most grievous and unnatural confiscation of wealth , which is the offspring of labour , and cause the child to perform its duty towards its parent ? On that head a new commandment must be given and received ! New principles founded in justice , must be everywhere proclaimed and enforced . There is nothing so escential to the success of any political party as cleai

      and well-defined principles . A large section of the London Trades have adopted a series of fundamental principles , which , if acted upon , would effect the industrial , social , and political emancipation of labour . As several of these propositions may probably be submitted to your consideration , I trust they will meet with that due consideration which their importance demands . This much , at least , I must say , that unless the Trades seek to extend the field of self-employment all their attempts to permanently better their condition will prove entirely abortive . And while thousands are walking the streets in despair , in consequence of being compelled to go idle , let me sketch to you the superior position of two or three operatives in tbe

      immediate neighbourhood of my residence , arising entirely from having the facilities afforded them of combining two or three branches of industrial pursuits in their every-day avocations . The shoemekers of London and other large towns who are competing with each other in the slave market , and in many instances obliged to work for the slop shops , and be otherwise subjected to tho many evils arising from the overstocked state of the labour market , will surely considers the members of their trade to be in a superior position who can say that he is altogether independent of shoemaking , at least six months of the year , and who , by combining agriculture with his trade , grows so much corn as serves his family the year round , and has now from fifty to sixty bushels of potatoes housed for winter use , together with two fine pigs , from fifteen to sixteen stones weight . I frequently visit a shoemaker who is in that somewhat enviable position ,

      compared with vast numbers of his trade at the present season of the year ; he occupies a house and about two acres and a quarter of Ian 8 , which supplies his family with the chief articles of consumption ; and fills up his time in following his trade as a shoemaker , which forms a ready money source to supply the entire wants of his family ; and thus , by associatingtsvo branches of industry he is , to a great extent independent of the slave market . There are others living in the same neighbourhood who are equally well circumstanced , from having the facilities afforded them to combine two branches of industry together ; antkmong others I may mention a carpenter , who is employed b y meat the present time , who not being able to find employment at his trade much more than half the year , thought upon the wise expedient of producing for himself those chief articles of home consumption which the want of employment prevented him from purchasing from others .

      Let me now draw your attention to the impression which I am desirous of making , by bringing the 3 e cases before your notice , which is this—that if either of the men I have alluded to was to discontinue associating the two branches of industry which they pursue , they would become as completely ruined men as any one among the several thousands who have delegated you to propound measures for then- relief from the poverty and degredatidn which surround them . It would be of little use to give to eitherthe carpenter or the shoemaker . I have alluded to , or any other man , two , three , or even four acres of land , perhaps at a considerablo distance from any market town , and probably without the means of transit for their produce ; they would soon find that the physical and intellectual wants of this life are of a more comprehensive character than the isolated position of the mere occupant of a few acres of land would furnish them with .

      But when it is demonstrated that one individual by associating two branches of industry together can make himself comparatively independent , it must surely be clear to the most obtuse mind , that the most beneficial results would flow from labour being placed under far superior associational arrangemeuts . Ye 3 , I repeat that it is by the association of labour that it can alone be emanci pated and associated under far superior circumstances to which I have alluded in the case of the carpenter and the shoemaker , which , nevertheless , proves that , even under the most unfavourable arrangements , a combination of at least two branches of industry whereby agricultural and manufacturing pursuits shall go hand in hand , are indispensably necessary I must observe , before I coneluvie , that I think your first aim ough t to be to establish a National Organisation of Trades . To do thai ? W mustroake

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      the cohtribtio ns as low as possible ; and , in answer to several friends who . have wrote to me to ask my opinion respecting the propriety of levying a weekly contribution as a fund to establish home colonies , Ibeg to answer , in my opinion . that would be premature at present , and that the time to do that would be ( if done at all ) when the members of the association amounted to fifty or one hundred thousand . The history of all past attempts at self-emancipation by weekly contributions proves » at until the people are pvepared to compel the government to afford them the facilities to provide for themselves useful employment , by breaking up our landed tenures , aud throwing open the soil for national industry , making an advance of capital—say in paper-money , which may becalledtreasury notes , or any other name—until that be done , believe me , the emancipation of labour will nevev come . Alfred A . Walton .

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      IRELAND AND HER RULERS — TO WHOM ARE HER MISERIES ATTRIBUTABLE ? ( From the Belfast Vindicator . ) It is painful to listen to the quack politicians and would-be patriots of the day descanting on the causes of Irish misery . They throw history overboard , and blasphemously assert that the cause of Irish misery is entirely attributable to the indolence and stupidity of Irishmen themselves . Even some of our Repeal organs gravely talk of selfreliance , and denounce their own countrymen as the most consummate blockheads on the face of the earth ; and join in the cries of our calumniators , who daringly preach that all the evils of

      Ireland are of her own making . We deny this in toto , and denounce the preachers as revilers , and as knowingly perverting the simple truth . They might hold the doctrine in question if the Parliament were Irish , and if the government of the country were in tho hands of Irishmen . If the Irish governed themselves , then , indeed , would it be just to attribute to them the evils that pervade this country ; but it is equally just , at first , to attribute to England those miseries which afflict the peoplo of Ireland . It is just to do so , because England , for more than GUI ) years , has governed and ruled the destinies of Ireland . For 600 years she has misgoverned Ireland . It is enough to make the hardest heart weep tears of blood to

      think of the wretchedness of our native land , and to behold the determination on the part of England to continue the present system . But it is fit to drive men to despair to hear the petty leaders of detached factions calumniating their own flesh and blood for acts and conduct over which they can exercise no control . A glance at the past will show that the present system has been handed down and perpetuated by a brute force which overcame all resistance , and mocked all efforts to destroy it up to this hour . Why , then , blame the victim , if bound and overpowered it cannot resist the descending blow of the executioner ? In looking at the history of Ireland since the connexion with England commenced , the review is as melancholy for the past , as gloomy for the future . Invited over by the profligacy of a scoundrel , Henry II . established a footing in Ireland in tho year 1872 . From that period to the present

      the policy of England has , under one or other name , perpetuated a system of disunion . Mere lrishvy , previous to the " Reformation , " was as great a cause of exclusion for an English minister or his ready automaton , in Ireland , as Catholicity has been in our own days ; but even this was not sufficient , for we learn that , in in spite of all these disadvantages , the descendants of English settlers soon got Irish feeling , and to support English ascendancy the plunderers of one century were the plundered of the next . How long this centennial plundering might have gone on it is impossible to conjecture , had not the " Glorious Revolution" of 1088 introduced a new order of plunderers whose religion differed from the religion of tho mass of the Irish population . New names , but the same tyrannous policy , continued to divide tho people of this illfated island .

      Catholic degradation , and English or Protestant ascendancy , now succeed to Englishry or Irisbry , and it must bo admitted with increased violence , and a greater disregard of all social and moral tics than any even the black statutes of Kilkenny evinced . The first act of justice to Ireland was after the glorious and successful resistance of her then Colonies in North America to English assendancy . Notwithstanding the devastation of ages , the population of Ireland , true to the religion of their ancestors , gained in numbers , iu wealth , and organisation .

      Tho forces of Great Britain wero deemed barely sufficient to protect her own shores , and Lord Buckinghamshire declared to the peop le of Belfast the inadequacy of England to afford protection—that Ireland must now depend on her own population . Tho accursed statues of William III ., of George II ., of George III . which declared Catholics incapable of bearing arm ; , were then forgotten . Protestant joined Catholic , tho volunteer association sprung up , and Ireland , for once , was universally armed , and universally enjoyed domestic peace . Free trado and emancipation from the supremacy of a

      foreign parliament followed this glorious union . _ The Protestants were not , even after this experience , prepared to emancipate their fellow-soldiers , and succeeding years enabled the demon of English ascendancy to foment a religious rancour which made a desert of our fertile isle , and turned neighbour against neighbour—man against man . The gifts of nature were spurned , and , to use the expressions of a talented countryman , " Blessings were spurned by government , who embraced , in preference , fanaticism , and malignity , and made us a nation of victims , and a government of crimes . " f

      When weak in numbers , the government of England , whether Protestant or Catholic , ruled the people of Ireland with the law of the sword , and the sword of the law . As our numbers and unanimity increased , this system has been relaxed , but has again been enforced , as soon as Protestant could be pitted against Catholic , when Irishman could be marshalled against Irishman , and all her sons rendered unmindful of their native soil . EHglish supremacy again arose , and in one of those seasons of suicidal folly , after a rebellion excited for the purpose , a base , corrupt , and daring Minister robbe d us of our resident legislature , and blotted the . name of Ireland from the roll of nations . Base as the records of the day prove that

      legislature to have been , it is a consolation to find that its existence could not be quenched , without exposing in tho statute book its venality and its profligacy . English policy did all this ; and now , when the country , by such barbarous government , has reached the brink of ruin , we are told that the entire fault lies at the door of the Irish peasantry . The landlords are . only a portion of the machinery of English rule . "When they exterminate and plunder in the name of law , they ave only doing their duty to their masters—just working for their pay . They hold their lands for a certain consideration ; their titles are derived from the same source as that qf the officers of an ancient baudit

      to the plunder their swords aided in securing . The tithe collector , the cess gatherer , the law driver , the Grand Jury extortioner , haunt every recess , and seize upon all the means of livelihood —while the absentee squanders in foreign climes , and encourages foreign industry with the spoils of our impoverished land . Amid the dreariness of our wretched country , the most hideous of earthly monsters , religions discussion , rears its horrid head , and " affrights the isle from all propriety . " To England we attribute all these evils—to England we justly attribute them . All the crime , and some of the punishment , thank Heaven , belongs to England . ° b \

      Man cannot be unjust with impunity . To countenance and support a faction—to enable a greedy and unemployed clergy to bloat with wealth , and live in luxury—to crush the sacred principles of liberty of conscience , and to extinguish the hope of rational freedom , is the game England has long played in this country . She has succeeded to her heart ' s content , but she is beginning to pay for that vicious success . Ireland cannot be oppressed and productive ; and her miseries must , ere long , entail retributive misfortune on the head of her enslaver .

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      Shipwreck and Lobs of Life . —On Saturday intelligence reached Lloyd ' s of the total loss of the vessel Endeavour , of Lynn , Micel , master , together with all on board , on the Sherringham rocks , coast of Norfolk . The vessel was observed about nine o clock , a . m . A crowd of persons immediately collected on tho beach , but were unable to render assistance . The poor fellows were seen to get out of their vessel into their boat , which was instantly struck by a tremendous sea , and all the men perished , in the sight of some hundreds of persons . Fanny Kembik . —It is rumoured that Mrs . Butler is about to marry Theodore Sedgwick , Esq ., of Stockbridge .

      Elopement . —Some gossip has been occasioned at Cheltenham by the elopement Of a VOuUg lady po » - sessed , as all young ladies are , of " personal charms , " but who is further represented as being " engaged" to a military officer in . India . The lady , it » oems , left her mother ' s house in Cheltenham with the ostensible intention of visiting some friends at Gloucester , instead of which she met bv appointment , a young legal student , and the pair having been united in holy bonds , proceeded to the Continent , whence letters were written home by the newly-made bride , announcing the fact and asking forgivoness . -Gloucester Journal . AwKirKsowji mattrede cuisine , in a recent pub-! P C ~ ' , gWely l nf 01 ™? , th Public that grew will become brown unless foiled in cold water

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      Dorking . —A lecture was delivered in the Odd Fellows' lodge-room , Three Tuns Inn , Dorking , on Friday evening , the 12 th inst ., by Mr . G . G . Reynolds , a working man of this town . Mr . R . showed the necessity of extending the elective franchise to every male adult registered resident—the evils of a state church , the legal plundering of the people of two-thirds of the tithes—the evils of primogeniture and entail , showing the curse of locking up the land from the cultivators of the soil—the necessity of extending free trade to all imported goods as well as home ( productions , and to all matters pertaining to the ihappiness of . the human family , particularly education , which ought to bo as free as the air \? e

      breathe . The lecturer was warmly cheered during the delivery of his lecture , at the close of which he kindly promised to lecture again on Friday next Thanks were unanimously voted to the lecturer and chairman , and the meeting separated Nottingham . —A public meeting on behalf of the political prisoners was held in the Townhall , on Monday evening last , for the purpose of adopting a memorial to her Majesty . —On the motion of Mr . Sweet , Mr . John Wall was appointed chairman , who after a short address called upon Mr . Roberts to move the first resolution , as follows : — " Thai this meeting deplores the excessive and severe punishment inflicted upon the persons of all political offenders ; that we deeply lament two of our

      fellowcountrymen should have been brought to a premature death by the infliction of a cruel punishment for refusing to perform a degrading and unhealthy labour , inflicted upon them contrary to the sentence of the iudge before whom they wero tried , more especially as they were convicted on the evidence of witnesses of the worst possible moral character , as proved on their trials . And that they were tried at a time of great political excitement all over Europe , when the minds of jurorB , and all those in the administration of the law , would be operated upon by such excitement , so as to give their verdict and award punishment under a momentary impulse , instead of a calm impartial exercise of their mental faculties ; " which , being seconded by Mr . Skerritt ,

      was carried unanimously . — -Mr . Harrison moved , and Mr . Fletcher seconded , the second resolution , as follows : — " That if it is necessary to ' inflict punishment for such , offences as have been attributed tO the persons now suffering incarceration and banishment for political offences , it is the opinion of ttna meeting that sufficient punishment has been inflicted to satisfy justice , and vindicate the authority of the law ; and it is likewise the opinion of this meeting that anything like vindictive party revenge will have a tendency to lower the institutions of the country in the good opinion of the population . " Carried unanimously , —Mr . Sweet then moved , and Mr . Saunders seconded , the adoption of the memorial , in telling speeches , which was unanimously agreed to , and ordered to be forwarded to our esteemed member , F . O'Counor , Esq ., for presentation to the Home Office . The same individuals

      moved a vote of thanks to the Mayor , for the use of the Hall , which was also carried unanimously , and a vote of thanks to the Chairman , who briefly acknowledged the compliment , arid the meeting broke up . ^ Northampton . —The democrats of Northampton meet weekly in the New Hall , Newland , and are prepared to join the democrats of the midland counties , to commence a winter campaign . A crowded and enthusiastic meeting of Burgesses has been held in the New Hall , Newland , to take into consideration the propriety of putting forward Chartist candidates at the approaching municipal election for this town . A resolution was passed , 11 That it was desirable to put them forward for each ward . " Six gentlemen were proposed to the meeting and carried unanimously . A memorial was also submitted to tho meeting to bo sent to Sir G . Grey , on behalf of the political prisoners .

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      v TO FEARGUS O'CONNOR , ESQ ., M . P . Respectrd Sir , —Having been requested by the members of the Chartist Association in this town to write you a few lines—we think it best to preface them with a short history of the Chartist cause in this very slothful and slumbering borough of Great Yarmouth . In March , 1848 , a few friends who had the cause of Chartism at heart , and had for a long time admired your bold , straightforward , and noble advocacy of the rights of the people , had a desire that your motion for the establishment of the Charter should be backed by a petition numerously signed by the inhabitants of this place ; and for that

      purpose , together with a view to establish a branch of theNational Chartist Association , those friends , eight in number , formed themselves into a provisional committee , and their first step was to call a public meeting , by posters and handbills being duly circulated through the town , and the largest room we could command in the town was crowded to excess , and had it been twice the size I believe it would have been full , for very many went away who could not gam admittance ; as it was we had a most gloriousi and enthusiastic meeting , notwithstanding the fact of our shortness of help and want o f speakers , for those eight men who have been mentioned are all working men , and Quite unacnnninterl

      with public speaking , and the only stranger our means would allow us to invite at the time was also a working man , and one who has worked longand hard m the good and holy cause , we allude to Mr . Hurrell , ot Norwich . This man has responded to our invitation then , as he has done several times since , with a willingness that does him great credit , and tor which I hope he will , ere long , be rewarded in a much move substantial manner than it has been in our power to do , for , to the honest and zealous conduct a nd arguments of this true and noble patriot , we are , in a great measure , indebted , and shall never forget his kindness in coming amongst ua ; but , Sir , enough of the meeting . innt . if . iftn ^ o

      soon got up and obtained , I believe fifteen or sixteen hundred signatures , and was forwarded for presentation to the House of Commons ; and the committee having done all they could to assist you in this . formed a&ranch pf tho Chartist Association , which for a time , promised to do all we could desire But alas I the time of excitement over , our members fell away , and now we are , and have been left for some tune , with only some fourteen or fifteen members ; those few we , however , believe are good men-men who will stand to the cause and the principles they have advocated , so long as life remains to them , although their path may be strewn with difficulties , and persecution meet them at everv noint and

      nappy , vea , proud , am I to say , that cut of the eight men who first attempted this work in Yarmouth , one only has departed from us , the others remain to this day all safe . And now , Sir , it remains only for me , at this time , to inform you of the purport of this letter , which is this , as we have had no help in the town , no lecturing , beyond what we ourselves have done , and we having sent two sums to the Executive , and several to the Victim * und , we consider ourselves members of the Association , and should be very much obliged if you could pay us a visit . And it now appears likely that we shall have a public meeting some time in November next , convened by what is called " The Liberal Registration Society , " and Josenh Hum * .

      ^ q ., andS . r J TValmsloy , M . P ., aretoattend ; and mOnMn « thatal cla « se , smay be representedatthe meeting , we should be most happy to see you S { <»« r society would bo increased , and much good would bo done . I must now apo ogise for the length I have trespassed upon you * time , and hoping you will receive this in a favourable light , and consider - it ; as a mark of our respect for you and the cause in which you have embarked . Wo subscribe ourselves your sincere , though humble , fellow workers in the good cause of Liberty , e . W . C . Sawyer , President . t , „ . J . FutcjiRR , Secretary . fimn o n ans f wlllHlu « 1 i oblige at as early a time as convenient . " J

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      which Mr . Thomas Clark is ^ p ^ T —^ ^ benefit of ^ "WmSflSnK ^ . & ** Victims ( I have forwarded a contribntL H * own books for the same purpose ) HT lny ateness of presenting books of Mr H-h ? W ^ P" - this lottery i , worthy of notice , nfrw * to honour the dead and serve the 1 Ln / T to Hcthenngton knowithe would rejoH * C ^ d destination of his volumes . And Sm £ " ? a those concerned , I hope ttedraunuSL , - !? of an attraction to the DistribuSn » wU Prov ° Yours , very faithfully , Jfouoneroffiee , Oct . 18 th ™ m *™ IIolt < Ure -

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      CORN . Mark Lane , Monday , Oct . 18 ouriw ; .... i > lidi and foreign wheat during the pS "" ' % moderate , and with few samples tZ tffl ™ < tothn morning ' s market , w had rather mTL coan ^ trade at an advance of Is to 2 s per qr . 2 We in the Monday ' s prices , aud fully 1 , per Or mW ^ krt Flour dull Jtarley , both for m ^' iTS . * " * ' ^ ign . with a ready sale at full prices . Bwm . ff" * . meet , dear Tlio mpply of forei gn oats ww ^ feaoitc « s of all descriptions gold prettv readilv -im , I n < fillL' corn In r , e little doing . LUueecf andolL ujfi l ° , s & * £ British . —Wheat—Essex . Suffolk in . i ito 44 s , ditto white , 40 s to 80 . >! un ^ to v ^ W nw , Ms sliire , red , 35 s to 40 s , Northumber ., / 1 ^ - "'" I York . 32 to 3 Ss , ditto red , 34 s to 38 s , S ,, ^ f ''• *« £ shire , red ,-s to-s , ditto white O t '' s lllrc ami Sumws £ barley , 24 s to 32 s , Scotch , 2 : js tft .,- s > W 21 s to 26 s , Maltordinary , -s to -s , pale , £ > s i 0 fe » K"s—s to -s 26 s to ' 28 s , maple 28 s to 30 s , wh \ t 24 s toV l ' . F >" - 28 s to 31 s , beans , large , new , 23 ' 0 25 s tt £ t ' ( llw > harrow , 2 Ts to 30 s , pigeon , 30 s to ft' ! ^ -8 s . Yorkshire , feed , lbsf fo 20 s ^ ditto Poffi V *?* 178 to 22 s , Berwick and Scotch , wTto "Sf I- ' feed , 17 s to 22 s , Irish feed , and black 15 s t " o VT potato , 17 s to 23 s , linseed ( sowing ) 50 s to Vs « i " ° Essex , new , £ 27 to JBOperlast , cJWe ^ £ » to

      , aosausper cwt , rape cake , £ 4 to £ 410 s per ton «' seed , £ 0 10 s to £ 10 10 s . per 1 , 000 , flour , per sack o $ a » £ " ship , 28 s to 30 b , town , 38 s to 40 b . ' ~> Foreign . —Wheat , — Dantzig , 44 s to 52 s , Anlnit .. „ a Marks , 36 to 44 s , ditto white , 40 s to 44 s , PomeraS £ f 38 s to 42 s , Itqstock 42 s to-48 s , Danish , Hotar iS mS Fnesland , 30 s to 35 s , Peteb ^ I , Archangel , and kg * 32 b to 3 is , Pohsh Odessa , 32 s to 38 s , Marianopoli , and Bo ? dianski , 32 sto 35 s , Taganrog , 33 s to 34 s , Brabant aid French , 33 s to 38 s , ditto white , 38 s to 4 Ss , Salonica M 33 s , Egyptian , 23 s to 26 s , rye , 20 s to 22 s , barley , iisma ? amlRostock , 18 » to 22 s , Danish , 18 sto ' 22 s , Saal S 24 s , EastFrieslana , Us to 17 s . Egyptian , U . to Us / Dam *? Us to 15 s , peas , white , 25 s to 27 s , new boilers ''Rs to 30 s , beans horse , 24 s to 30 s , pigeon , 30 s to 32 s &J turn 22 s to St ., oats , Grovringen , Danish , Bremen 7 $ 5 Fnesland , feed and black , 11 s to 16 s , ditto / thick and brew saeisr * and stettin > 2 us to 233 < Fre *

      Wednesday Oct . < .-The arrivals of grain ftesU in this w « ek are verj limited Wheat , and all other articles huld firmly at Monday's prices , most of our country maVS being on the advance . ' * Richmond ( Yobksiiuje ) , October 12 . -AVe onlv had a thin supply of wheat this morning . Wheat sold from 5 e fl t « Cs « d ; oats , Is 9 d to 3 s 3 d ; barley , 3 s to 3 Cd ka , to 4 s fid per bushel . ' ' "

      BREAD . The prices of wheaten bread in the metropolis are from 6 id . to 7 d .- , of household ditto , 5 d . to 6 d . per 4 fts . loaf .

      CATTLE . Smithfield , Monday , October 15 .-The supply of Foreign vf « ^ Mn - Sheep ) , u re fc ^ VM ^ in extensive , but of very middling quality . The number of Foreign calves were kESif T * T- l ? razins distlict ' tIie arrira 's of beasts fresh up this morning were very extensive , even the & £ Z > , T Sidere ( : but - thehl g ^ eral quali ^ was in-Kir tif * carct ;^ a single mt " y prime so * was S ? " P ' . P rime . « tswerei . i fair request , at last week s quotations , viz ., from 3 s 8 d to 3 s lOd per 8 lbs . ; but all othey kinds of beef , as the dead markets w « re extensively supphed moved offhmily , at a decline in the prices 0 * Monday last of 2 d per Sffis . With all breeds of sheep except Downs , we \ me well supplied ; their aualitv hnw MO- w « indifferent . General ^ W& $ » mutta tradewas in a very sluggish state , at a fail in the quotations paid on this day se'nnight of 2 d per 81 bs . The highest fcgure for mutton was 4 s perSlbs . Prime small porkers sold steadily at full prices . In other kinds of pork next to nothing was doing .

      Head of Cattie at Smitofield . —Friday . —Beasts , SOC sheep , C . 480 ; calves , 2 !) D j pigs , 240 . Monday . —Beasts ! 4 , 913 ; sheep , 29 , 240 ; calves , 141 ; pigs , 243 . Price per stone of 81 bs . ( sinking the offal ) . —Beef , 2 s Sd to 3 s 10 d ; mutton , 3 s Od to 4 s Oil ; veal , 3 s 0 J to 3 s Cd ; pork , 3 s 2 dto 4 s 2 d . ' Iiewgate and Leadeshail , Mondav , Oct . 15 Inferior beef , 2 s 4 d to 2 s Gd ; middling ditto , 2 s * 8 tl to 2 s 13 d ; prime large , 3 s Od to 3 s 2 d ; prime small , 3 s 4 d to 3 s Cd ; loree pork , 3 s 4 d to 3 s 8 d ; inferior mutton , 2 s lOd to 3 s 2 d middling ditto , 3 s 4 d to 3 s Cd ; prime ditto , 3 s 8 d to 3 s lOd ; veal , 3 s 2 d to 3 s 8 d ; small pork , 3 s lOd to 4 s 4 dper 81 bs . by the carcase .

      PROVISIONS . London , Monday , October 15 . —The arrivals last week ; from Ireland , were 27 , 510 firkins butter , and 570 bales bacon , and from Foreign ports 5 . S 40 casks butter , aud 52 ( 1 boxes and bales of bacon . We have to notice an improve , ment in the butter market ; the demand very good , and prices of the best descriptions advanced 2 s per cwt . The market closed firm . Best Dutch 92 s to 94 s per Cwt , TllC SUppJy Of Msll bacon having decreased considerably , and the trade being quite bare of fresh meat , prices advanced towards the close of the week 2 s to 4 s per cwt . Lard without alteration . Fine hams scarce . Stocks and deliveries

      for the week ending October 13 : — Bdtteb , Bacon . Stock . Delivery . Stock . Delivery . 1847 .... 30 , 330 14 , 070 2 , 010 990 1848 .... 59 , 050 11 , 110 1 , 380 6 'JO 1849 .... 19 , 570 18 , 580 G 20 1 , 250 English Butteii Market , October 15 . —The trade during the week has been active for fine butter , at a trifling advance . For inferior qualities the demand has continued languid , and lower prices have in some instances been accepted to effect sales . Fine Dorset butter , !) 0 s to Ms per cwt . ; middling , 70 s to Sis ; Fresh Irattev , 9 s to 11 s per dozen lbs .

      POTATOES . Soctbwauk ¦\ Yatbrside , October 15 . — The arrivals las week were rather limited : the / met a ready sale at the following prices : —Yorkshire Kcgents , 70 s to 85 s per ton ; Wisbcacli ditto , Gas to 70 s ; Scotch ditto , Cas to 70 s ; foreign whites , 50 s to 70 s . HOPS . BoROUGn , Monday , October 15 . —Our hop trade continues in a very inactive state , and prices ave somewhat lower for Sussex hops . Kcnts , however , especially the finer sorts , maintain their value , and a slight advance has m some cases takeu place . The duty of £ 80 , 000 finds supporters .

      SEEDS . Lokdos , October 15 . —There was a good supply of Canary seed from Essex and Kent , and factors had to submk ta a further decline ; the article may be quoted 70 s to 70 s . The transactions in other sorts of seeds were quite trilling , and prices remained nominally unaltered . British . —Clover seed , red 35 s to 40 s ; fine 4 us to 50 s ; white ' Us to 42 s ; coivgrass [ nominal ]— sto —s ; linseed ( per qr . } sowing 54 s to 56 s ; crushing 40 s to 42 s ; linseed cakes ( per 1 . 0 U 0 of 31 bs . each ) £ 9 Os to £ 10 Os ; Trefoil ( per cwt . ) its to lSs ; vapeseea , new ( per last ) £ 28 0 s to £ 29 OS ; ditto cakes ( pw tou ) £ 4 5 s to £ 4 10 s ; mustard ( per bushel ) white GsDQ . ; brown 8 s to 10 s ; Coriander ( per cwt . ) 10 s to 25 s ; Canary ( per qr . ) new 70 s to 75 s ; tuvnip , white ( per bushel ) —s to —s ; ditto Swecdisli —s to —s ; tares , winter per bushel 4 s Gd to 5 s Od ; can-away ( per cwt . ) 2 Ss to 2 i ) s new 30 s to 34 s ; rye grass ( per qr . ) —s to —s .

      FoBEWN . —Clover , red ( duty as per cwt . ) per cwt . 30 s to 40 s ; ditto white ( duty as per cwt . ) per cwt . 24 s to 42 s ; linseed ( per qr . ) Baltic 54 s to COs j Odessa 40 s to 44 s ; linseed cake ( per ton ) £ ti to £ 3 ; rape cuke ( per tou ) £ 4 5 s to £ 410 s .

      TALLO'W , HIDES , AND OILS . Tmow , Monday , October 15 . —Since Monday last this market has been decidedly active , and prices have further advanced 3 d to Gd per cwt . The deliveries , last week , were 3 , 549 and the imports 5 , 251 casks , leafing a stock today of 43 , 502 casks . This morning , P . Y . C . on the spot is selling at 37 s 3 d to 37 s Gd , and for forward delivery , 37 s 3 d per cwt . At those quotations , however , the chandlers are not eager buyers . Town tallow , 37 s to 37 s 3 d per cwt . net cash ; rough fat , 2 s Id per Slbs . Our St . Petersburg letter states that prices were firmer , with only a moderate business doing . Leadenhaix . —Market hides , 501 b . to C 4 a ., lid to lid pen ft ) . ; ditto , G 4 ID . to 721 b .. ljd to 15 d ; ditto , 721 b . to 801 b ., lfd to 2 Jd ; ditto , 801 b . to Stflb ., 2 Jd to 2 Jd ; ditto , 881 b . to 9 sa ., 2 | d to 3 Jd ; ditto , 9 Gft > . to 1041 b .. 3 d to 3 d ; ditto , 1041 b . to 112 ft ., 3 } , to 4 d ; calf-skins , each , 4 sto 5 s Gd ; lamb skins , ; 2 s Od to 2 s lOd ; Horse hides , 7 s lid ^ Shearlings , Is 8 d

      Linseed , per cwt ., 30 s Gd to -s ; rapeseed , English refined , 39 s Gd to —s : brown , 3 Ss «< l ; GaUipoli , per ton . lea V " ; »! f ool ' "i- ' s P > 80 {< J ^ SS ^ SU . ; South tP ' PkPS t ° , 33 L Seil 1 . l lale > 308- TO 37 * 10 S j do ., CO . 2 W » COd , 291 ; cocoa nut , per ton , 381 . to 401 , ;

      HAY . SKvrnsmp , October 12 . _ At per load of 3 G trusses .-K ° 30 s . 2 S ; Clom ' ' > COs to 93 s ; straw , COAL . ( Price of Ceals per T on nt the close of the Market . ) Monday October 15 , -Hetton , 21 s ; Tees , 21 s ; Wylam . 11 « S * ? <**• , ««* y ^ ceeedea in getting adrai . ee ot L"A SJStSSS ^ Fmh * " B ; left from

      WOOL . City , Monday , October 15 .-The imports of wool into London last week were 3 , 908 bales , of which 2 , 531 wera from Sydney , 1 , 075 from Van Diemcn ' s Land , and the rest mm Kio de Janeiro and Germany . The puhlic sales ot wool have closed , and about 49 , 000 bales have been offered , me destruction of a portion at the fire at Messrs Gooch . and Cousen's warehouses has rather assisted the market , £ , salvaSe will lie sold . The decline upon colonial is about Id to ljd per lb ., hut Cape is considered to have nearly maintained its value , and it is the low and inferior description of wool offered that has in part been the cause of prices ruling lower . Liverpool , October 13 . —Scotch . —There lias been UttlQ business doing iu Laid Highland wool this week , without variation in price . White has also been less inquired for . The best class of ChevwUwl cross are in fairdemana at

      FoKEiGN . -The public sales that have been goin Kon in LoiHlonforthe last month will b * brought To TOctiS \ SL « ° T ™ public auction here of ^ out 1 , 409 balesBuenosAyres , J . OOO East India , 500 Onorto , Turkey , and other sorts , on the 17 th . in&t . * 4 ffl « nSfc f . r ' J vcok ' l 736 bales > Previously this year , 40 , 808 bales—Total . 42 . 188 haloa

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      lntttc parish of St . Anuc , Westminster , at the Printing office , 16 , Great Windmill-street , Havmarket , in the City of Westminster , for thel ' roprietor , FfiARGKS O'CONNOlt , Esq . M . l ? ., and pnbttsheihy the said VhaiuiIUdbr , at the Office , in the same Meetwia parish . — Saturday October 20 th , 1849 . ¦ - " . *

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      - — - ^* - THE CHARTIST PRISONERS AKD THEIR

      4 m T ? , VA V , * , tfO ^ nEIlN STAR . SiB ,-Tjnt ; l I heard Mr . O'Connor ' s speech at the recent public meeting at John-street , I was not aware at whose expense the Chartist pvisoneSS metropolis were exempted from the liabflitv of offensive labour . Mr . ^ 'Connors magnificence ? n this matter , ought to be put to the cS s 2 of hi » account , in the public estimation The letter of Mi \ Rider , in last week ' s Star T forwarded to a friend who takes a generoSs interest m the welfare of all who incur sfffS ^ in ther endeavour to serve the people , and he , 3 e " ring to lighten the generously assumed f » , l . M \ 3 1 °

      month for the three months , present and enfuinl October November , and December , to Mr £ 52 ' owards the relief from labour of prisoners in ouea ' tion . In the case of Mr . Ernest Jones , ij * S ^ cular ; taentemper , { education , station and I wiH add public literary services , must combine to render the compulsory mckin ^ of mkm « Z \! r , n revolting to him ;«/ J wi ^ ° a . ° y t ES that the many who have given him thM .. u , > bo lavishl C y . Add ^ K ^ hev L 0 ^ & Sign H ; . glVOtheU > PenCe t 01 > el ! eYe wAm tS ; . The same gentleman , "II L B " ikn ™ ™ - sionsme to purchase one pounds worth If , T ^* . ttMS- ^ iBKBtS

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      My Friends , I have only just time to say that I will cheerfully attend the proposed meeting . Yours faithfully , Fbargus O'Connor .

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      * THE NORTHERN STAR October 20 184 Q

      Printed Hj William Rider, Of No. 5, Hhcelesfield-Street

      Printed hj WILLIAM RIDER , of No . 5 , HHcelesfield-street

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Oct. 20, 1849, page 8, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1544/page/8/