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Northern Star (1837-1852), 11th August 1849, Edition 1 of 3, Page 5, Untitled Article

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      TO THE FRIENDS OF HUNGARY . Feilow Citizens , Instead of my usual Letter to the Working Classes , I prefer , this week , to address the friends of Hnngary without distinction of class . Recently I have had the pleasure of addressing public meetings composed of all ranks , and on each occasion , my object being to serve the holy cause of Hungarian freedom ,

      I have been courteousl y listened to by the rich as well as by the poor , —by those "who dissent from , as veil as by those who agree with , my ultra-democratic principles . On the platform I hare not encountered even a whisper of opposition . Those who have heard me , doing justice to my motives , have not subjected my words to factious criticism . A Tery different course has been pursued by certain " gentlemen" belonging to the

      Pressgang-The abnso and misrepresentation indulged in by the Tunes could surprise no one . The bitter and unscrupulous enemy of all who ad-Tocate the Hungarian cause , that journal onl y acted consistently in g iving the Attorney-General a hint that my speedy appearance at the Old Bailey was desirable ; such being the meaning of associating my name ^ Yith that altar of Chartist immolation . I have now to expose calumny and misrepresentation much more dastardly and vindictive on the part of the Weeldy Dispatch and Nonconformist —professed advocates of the Hungarian cause !

      In the usual letter of " Publicola" the second—otherwise the Rev . "W . J . Fox , M . P . for Oldhain , which the reader will find in the Dispatch of Sunday last , that writer comments on what he calls a " tr ick" " played upon the Marylebone meeting , " and adds : " Sir . " Jullvn Hauxet usurped the functions of " the Chairman , and called for a show of "hands in favour of going to war with " Russia and Austria . Had Mr . Julian

      " Hakxey been the hired agent of the despots •' ofthose countries , he could not moreeffi " ciently have served his employers * * * " This country is by no means destitute of " Russian spies and emissaries , and no honest " man should "volunteer , or blunder into , " doing their dirty wort . Let the people be " on their guard against any future mystifica" turns of this sort . "We are not going to " war ; we are not likely to go to war ; and " what -will help the Hungarians , or any other " people battling for their rights , isthedeci" sion and dignified expression of opinion ; not " bluster and braggadocia . "

      Another anonymous writer , jn the same paper , who sets himself up as advisergeneral of the people ,, and has a good deal to say concerning the fitness of "leaders , " ' writes as follows : — "I have " heard "William Loyett , and felt that every " word lie spoke was the conviction of a wise " heart , I have heard 1 £ ydd reprove the " people ' s faults as earnestly as those of their " antagonists . I have seen Clark ; step for" ward iuid do the work cf a srreat leader .

      * ' There may be many others , worthy to stand " beside these , whom I do not know . These " I euumerate as men whom , I believe , the " most advanced fully trust . I believe them ** to be also capable of earning the full trust of " men who entertain more cautious opinions . ** How , then , can auy meeting permit itself to "be swayed by such pretenders as the Julian * " Harxeys ? Are not the errors of 1848 " branded on them ? "Why are the best 'causes , such as that of the independence of " Hungary , disgraced if they cannot be perilled "by their " patronage V

      The Editor of the Nonconformist—quite in accordance with his Christian character , exhibiting that charity " which thinkcth no evil , " and that humility which so well becomes his Holixkss , the High-priest of the Cromwelilans—vituperates after a fasliion which would do honour to " Johx of Tuaiu . " He denounces the * ' scene "" at the ATaryleboiie meeting as " sheer , contemptible brag "— " as

      com" pletc apiece of folly , as downright and stupid ' abluiiilfii'asjvhvsJcal-foroeChai'tism . orLEinju " Bollix Ixepublicanism . " But tills gentle shepherd , not satisfied with denouncing the Chartist " whose name is not altogether unknown , " mast needs pour out his wrath upon the entire meeting . If the men of Maryleboue were in earnest when they responded to my appeal , why , then , says the recerend " Mtvtt , they were "demented—that is all !"

      3 fy answer to this three-fold attack shall be simply an account of my conduct at the recent public meetings , together with a lew observations hi -vindication of the policy I have advocated at the said meetings . At the London Tavern , I sought not to address tlie meeting ; on the contrary , I was sought for . 1-toag before presenting myself to the Chairman , I was called for by the people , and I would rot have spoken at all , had not the great body of the meeting persisted in shouting my name even when " honourable " and " right honourable" speakers presented Hiemseh-es to speak to the several resolutions . At that meeting , although I did not call for a

      = show ol" Isauds , I took thfi line of argument K-hieli I repeated at the ilarylebone meeting 1 grounded my advocacy of the Hungarian cr . use on the fact that the Hungarian struggle was for social justice as well as national independence ; I expressed my thorough dissent jroia the praise lavished upon Lord Palmku-STOK ; and I closed my speech by advocating JJriikli support of Hungarian independenceif need wore—by arms . Even by those who had tSirov . jj the meetinginio confusion by very unjust ! . ? attempting to prevent Mr . Bey > 'olt > speakiug—I was listened to with attention , and the applause of the great body of the meet ins . found no inconsiderable echo on the

      platform . "With a full knowledge of my views , and my mode of expressing those views , the 3 Iarylebone Committee invited my attendance &t tlie meeting in the Uiding School , and requested me to move or second a resolution . I assented : I liad , however , another and a still "better invitation than the Committee ' s—tlie invitation of the people themselves . Long beftee my turn came to speak , I was loudl y and almost universally called for , so much so , indeed , that Lord Dudley Stuart , in reply to the ^ ionting of ihe people , said : " Pray be

      " patieat , and keep order . Mr . ILutXEr has ' * a resolution , and will speak presently . " In putting the meeting to the test as to the kind of " sympathy" England " ought to aflordto Hungary * " Publicola" ' says that I " usurped the " functions of the Chairman . " Two courses onlv were open to me to . ascertain the seitimeutsof ihe people ; either tlie ceurse 3 pursued , or that of moving an amendment on the resolutions prepared by the Committee . "With mv convictions , I felt bound to take the one course or the other . An amendment I was averse to , because I dreaded exciting even called for

      the semblance of division—hence I a show of Jiands , at the same time I expressly disavowed any desire to usurp the functions of fte GhairmaH—such were my very words . With the result I was-svell satisfied . * Aoarly everyone present , " says the reporter , " obeyed the cs « . He then p « t the contrary question and nota hand was raised . " A " great tact , - most galling to my censors . Parson . Mlul reveng ts himself by denouncmg Hie entire meeting as " demented ! " " * , Hen of ilarylebone , you know best it you -were -in earnest in responding to my appeal . "F or my part , I nave faith in your sinceniy , suffi

      and I ' fear not that you hare good sense - cient io enable yon to estimate and pass judg ment on yonr demented slanderer . Shame on the man who has dared to ridicule , and tried to fasten contempt on your patriotic and generous enthusiasm ! To prove fartb . ev thai I have acted in perfected kith ana torn anxious to wmd

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      everything calculated to cause division , I may state , that it coming to my knowled ge after my arrival atthemeeting in the Riding School that one of the resolutions contained certain words which conscientiousl ylcouldnotbe aparty to , I requested that the said words might be withdrawn , atthe same time observing , that if those words were not withdrawn , I should feel myself obliged to propose an amendment , a course which I earnestl y desired to avoid ! My-objections were listened to , and the obnoxious words withdrawn . Had Ibeen anxious

      for personal display , I should have stated my objections to the resolution not to the Committee , but to the public , and proposed an amendment ; and that amendment , I know I could have carried triumphantl y . Let me add , that both at the London Tavern , and the Marylebone Riding School , my remarks earned me the hearty grasp of the hand , and the warm thanks , of more than one Hungarian . On this head I could say more , but enough . The thanks of even one of that brave people is more than sufficient compensation for the calumnies of anonymous slanderers .

      A few days after the Marylebone meeting I received an invitation from tbe Jfotting Hill Committee , to attend the meeting which took place in that district on Monday last , and which was attended bv Lord Dudley Stuart , and other M . P . ' s . I regret to add that illness prevented . my attendance . To the invitations I have received from friends in Kent , and other parts of the country , I can only say

      that , for a -week or two , I cannot leave London ; but ero this month ends I hope to be able to do so . I am happy to learn through letters received from very many places , that the people are not so " demented" as to swallow the " peace-at-any-price" dogma ; on the contrary , they vote with Marylebone , to take- the side of Justice , Freedom , and Humanity , at auy cost and at all hazards .

      The Dispatch and Nonconformist single me out for denunciation as though no other speaker had talked of war in behalf of Hungary . Let me remind you that Mr . Tv " , M . P ., who rose to speak before I addressed the Marylebone meeting , said : " A few words were feeble against hordes of Cossacks and Muscovites , but a few ships of war which we had to keep up doing nothing , if sent to the Baltic and to pay their respects to Cronstadt , would speedily cause the Russian Emperor to withdraw histroops from Hungary . " ( Cheers . } Mr . Deal said : "It would seem that it was

      the wish of the meeting , that the members of the Government should not only recognise the independence of Hungary by their words , but by their deeds also , if necessary . ( Cheers . ) He had the utmost pleasure in seconding the resolution upon that understanding and that ground . " Mr . Hoggins " expressed a ' wish that the Foreign Enlistment Act did not exist , in order that he might have taken a drum and beaten up for recruits for Hungary , " At a meeting at Hackney Mr . Russell talked of England sending a few line-of-battle ships and light-armed steamers to Cronstadt ,

      Odessa , and St . Petersburg , to " singe the bear ' s whiskers . " At the Notting Hill meeting , Mr . J . A . St . John said : " Hungary must not be allowed to fall ; and if peaceful sympathy rendered her no substantial help , then must the people of England call upon the Government to go to war on her behalf . " ( Hear , hear . ) Mr . Nicholat said , " If English sympathy would have no ellect upon Austria and Russia , he had sufficient

      confidence in his countrymen to beheve that thousands of them were , like himself , ready to enter the battle-field in support of the Hungarian cause . " ( Cheers . ) Atthe same meeting Colonel Reid , United States , announced himself to be " at the head of a band of Americans -who had arrived in this metropolis on their way to Hungary , to place their swords and lives at the disposal of her people . " Three Tiearty rounds of cheers were given for the Colonel and his gallant companions .

      Of the provincial meetings I can only make room to notice one . At a great meeting in the Town-hall , Leicester , the Mayor , W . Biggs , Esq ., presided , and , says the Weekly News , { late Douglas Jen-old ' s Neiospnper ) , " advocated the immediate recognition of the independence of Hungary l ) y the British , regardless of the fear of war with Prussia , and the support of that recognition even with arms if necessary . " These sentiments , adds the report , " were echoed by most of the speakers , and almost to a man by the vast assembly !" You see , if lam a " firebrand , " a "

      physical forcist , " &c , I have the honour to rank with " very respectable" company . "W ill the Dispatch and Nonconformist , denounce Mr . Tvylp , or Messrs . Beal , Hoggins , Russell , St . Joiix , Xicholay , and Biggs , as " braggarts , " " pretenders , " aad "tools of the Rnisian and Austrian despots 2 " "Will " Publicola" describe the " three hearty rounds of cheers" given for Colonel Reid , as " braggadocia ; " or will Miall dare to pronounce the Leicester people " demented ? " No ! "Wh y ,

      then , am I singled out for denunciation ? Because the Shams of the Dispatch and Nonconformist know that I am neither to be bullied nor flattered , neither persecuted nor cajoled into abandoning the ' cause of uncompromising and eternal Justice . The Dispatch and ' Nonconformist desire , by exciting public prejudice , to prevent me speaking for my Order at future public assemblies ; but , relying on the sound sense and stern integrity of the people , I can afford to defy the malice of such cowardlv foes .

      I am sorry that I have had to speak so much of myself in this Letter ; and I am still more sony that I must postpone the greater part of that which I desired to advance in vindication of the policy of aiding the Hungarians by arms . I will , this * week , only say , that if all our meetings , speech-making , and resolution-passing , are not calculated , nor intended , to give Lirih to more potent " sympathy , " then the entire agitation will prove but " a mockery , a delusion , and a snare . " The sneering priest of the Nonconformist observes ;—•• ' 'Tis easy to be brave by proxy . " I echo his words , for most fitly they apply to such sympathisers as himself . It is easy to cry , — " Go it , ye brave Hungarians ! Brave the wrath of the Russian

      and Austrian despots I Risk the massacre of your wives and children ! Let your fields be given to rapine , and your cities to the flames Fight , and die to the last man rather than Yield I ' All this is easy enough for " peace-atany-price" sympathisers . It is easy to cheer on Bem and Dembesski , and Colonel Reid and his gallant companions ; it is easy to applaud Poles and Americans for pouring out their blood in doience of Hungary . To be " brave by proxy , " after this fashion , is agreeable enough to the Dispatch and Nonconformist , and the rest of the word-mongering sympathisers , who trade upon popular enthusiasm and derive profit from struggles in which they take no pail , and sufferings in which they have no share .

      Should the Hungarians finally conquer their enemies without the aid of English physical force , they will owe nothing to this country , uor he indebted one iota to the speech-making sympathisers ; on the other hand , should they fail , anil share the doom of the Poles , they will , most justly , bequeath their dying curse to this nation , which might have saved them from ruin , and at the same time secured the eternal supremacy of freedom in Eastern Europe .

      If I am at aft able'to write I shall have more to urge on this subject next week . I am sorry to Eay that the news from Vienna , through Paris , receives this day , is unfavour able- to the Hungarians . ' The news may be false , and I trust it may prove so . That the Vienna journals and the "French telegraph are most proficienbin lying , we all know . Still , while hoping for the best , it would be as well to anticipate the worst . One thing ig certain , that the two despcts ? relaun

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      against the Hungarians , hoping to conquer lohsh skill and Magyar heroism by overwhelming brute force . The two crowned murderers will employ all their resources , rather than be foiled in their desperate attempt to save their own dominions from revolution and dismemberment , which would inevitably follow the complete and final triumph of the Hungarians . 1 have the most implicit faith in the devoted heroism of that glorious people , but , nevertheless , if they are only to find lipsympathy on the part of England , I tremble for the issue .

      It is time—high time—that preparations were being made for holding great public meetings in Lambeth , Sou thwark , the Tower Hamlets , and Finsbury . I understand that a requisition lias been , or is about being , preseuted to the High Bailiff of Westminster , requesting that functionary to coiivene an open-air meeting , which Avillbe held either in Palace-yard , or Covent-garden . The day is yet uncertain ; but I trust the working men of Westminster will be on the look-out for the advertisements and placards , and on the day of meeting attend in their thousands , and peaceably and legally DO THEIR

      DUTY . Gv JULIAN HAKNEY . August 9 th , 1849 . P- S . ' —I have received a communication from Glasgow , informing me of a great public meeting held on the fourth of July last in that city , no notice of which has , up to this time , appeared in the Star . Of course , it would be out of place to publish the report now ; but I may state , that the meeting , ' which was most numerously attended , was held in the City Hall , for the purpose of sympathising with the Romans , Hungarians , and Germans . Councillor James Mom presided , and

      delivered one of the ablest speeches it was ever my good fortune to read . > Tho petition and resolutions were proposed by the Rev . C . Clarke , Mr . TV . S . Bbown , Mr . Malcolm M'Farlane , Mr . D . Paul , Mr . G , Adams , Mr . Macdojcald , Mr . Duxcajt Siieriuxg-• ro >* , and Mr . Patou" . The speeches appear to have been of the first order , and excited the greatest enthusiasm . It is to be regretted that our Glasgow friends did not furnish , a report to the Star . I am not in the habit of seeing a ? iy Glasgow papers , and consequently was unaware of the meeting until this week . G . J . H .

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      ig > INDEPENDENCE OF HUNGARY . "WESTMINSTER REFORM ASSOCIATION . A meeting of this society was convened on Monday evening at their rooms at the York Hotel , Upper -Wellington-street , Strand , for the purpose of considering' in what manner sympathy or aid could be given to the Hungarians in the struggle against the invaders of their ' country . Mr . Pnour , on taking the chair , said that ever since the commoneomont of that strusgle he felt the deepest anxiety for the success of uie Hungarians—a struggle on the part of an independent country governed by its own laws and institutions , and holding a compact with a king , the breach of which by that tang wao calculated to lesson ov destvoy it as much as if it were violated by the people . ( Hear . ) The Emperor of Austria having refused

      to be made King at rcsth tailed mfulfilling his compact , and in that way became a traitor to Hungarian liberty . Ifot satisfied with that , he called upon the barbarians of the north to assist him in laying waste , with fire and sword , the country of tho Hungarian people . It therefore lehoved them as Englishmen , Avho loved liberty , and were determined to have a full representation for themselves , not only to sympathise with the Hungarians , but to aid them by their purse , so as to prevent that rapine and murder which it was the object of those northern barbarians to carry on with a view to the subjection of the Hungarian nation . If they admitted a Russian autocracy into southern Europe he did not th ' nk they would much longer enjoy an overland mail from India . Indeed , such an ailvance n-oiild so affect this country , geographically , commercially , and statistically , us fully to justify this country in declaring at once the independence of the Hungarian nation . ( Cheers . ) Such would , he

      thought , be a wise course , in order to prevent the designs of Russia upon Galicia , . ind ultimately upon Turkey . ( Hear , hear . ) The Chairman then alluded to the interference of France in Borne , denouncing it as unjust , and particularly so when regarded as an attempt to impose a church government , a government which ought not to be tolerated in the nineteenth century . Tile church should rest upon its own merits , whether of evangelical doctrine or any other . France , therefore , was wrong in sending an army to Rome for the purpose of upholding church government . What France ought to have done was to have placed 50 , 000 men in the north of Italy , and said , "We mean to allow tho Italian people to have their freedom ; " —( hoar , hear)—and 100 , 000 men on the banks of the lthino ,-and said , " So soon as the Russians cross the Hungarian frontier we will cross the Rhine . " By such a course war would have been prevented , and the peace of Europe preserved .

      Air . W . Geesis then moved the following resolution : — " That it is the opinion of this society that tho EmpGl'OV of Austria , as King of Hungary , has violated his compact with the Hungarian nation , and , therefore , that . is Englishmen , we publicly declare our deepest sympathy with that people , and unanimously proclaim our disgust and horror atthe traitorous conduct of the Austrian Emperor in culling to his assistance the serfs and Cossacks of Russia for the purpose of devastating with fire and sword that interesting country , destroying its inhabitants , and binding m chains and slavery a brave

      people engaged in the noble cause of maintaining their civil and religious liberties . " Dr . Brett seconded the resolution , heciuso tho manifest and declared written rights of Hungary sanctioned by ancient monarchs , had been grossly and inhumanly violated by the Emperor of Austria . Dr . RoGBns ( of the Reform Association of St . Anne ' s ) , after dwelling on the character of the Hungarian struggle , which he likened to that of the English people " when they righteously brought Charles to the block , suggested the propriety of a great public meeting in furtherance of the objects of the meeti : i 2 r .

      llv . L . vscvsTP . n did not think the association was sufficiently powerful to denounce kings and countries in such strong language , which should . be reserved for a public meeting , tlie present being only a preliminary one . He therefore moved to substitute a resolution to tho effect , simply of a declaration of sympathy with , and ii piedge to assist tho Hungarians . So seconder being found , the original resolution was put and carried item . con . After a conversation , which was originated by Mr . M'Intyrc , who bore strong testimony as to the anxiety of the . lower classes to join in some groat public demonstration in favour of the Hungarian cause , resolutiors were passed for , calling a public meeting and collecting subscriptions for effecting that object : Several sovereigns and half-sovcreigRS were subscribed on the moment , and thanks hating been voted to the chairman , the meeting separated .

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      > 4 » KEXSEKGTOX . On Monday evening , pursuant to public announcement , an exceedingly crowded meeting of the inhabitants of Kensington took place at the Prince Albert Tavern , Sotting Hill , for the purpose of expressing sympathy with the noble , maligned , and betrayed Hungarians . Mr ! -DuRXFonD , of Notting Hill , occupied the chair ; and amongst those present were Lord Dudley Stuart , M . P ., Mr . T . M'Cullagh , M . I ' ., J . A . St . John , Esq ., W . Birkbeck , Esq ., J . A . Sicholny , Esq ., John Wilson , Esq ., Capt . Mayne Reid , of the United States army , P . T . Atkinson , Esq ., James Ward , Esq ., Ac . The G ' jmibmax having briefly explained the objects of the meeting , read letters from Lord Robert Orosvenor , M . P ,, SirB . Hall , Bart ., M . P ., Mr . Hume , M . P ., Mr . Wyld , M . P ., and other members of Parliament , expressing their approbation of the objects of the meeting , and their regret at unavoidable

      absence . Mr . Ward moved the first resolution . He saul he believed that , whatever might be the differences of the people of this country upon other matters , he thought there was but one feeling with regard to tho struggle of the Hungarians amongst tho people of this country . ( Hear , hear . ) The position of Hungary was that of a nation fighting for their liberties . They werefighting for liberties against the Austrian government , which had ever violated its compacts with the Hungarian people . He concluded by moving a resolution expressive of the greatest admiration , respect , and sympathy at the noble determination of tbe ' Hungarian- nation to maintain tho just rights and the constitutional independence , they had inherited from their fathers , against the . tyraniucal encroachments of Austrian despotism .

      Mr . T . M'Cullagh , M . P ., seconded the resolution . England had already spoken out , and the echo was to be raised in the same shout for Hungary that day in the metropolis of Scotland . ( Cheers . J It was , therefore , only becoming of him , as an Irishman , on tiie part of his oountvy , to say that they also gavo their hearty good cheers for the

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      The resolution was seconded by Mr . Fraseb , a working man , and unanimously carried . Thii Rev . Dr . HjiTUfimNeTOH moved the next resolution , which was as follows : —" That , in the opinion of tho meeting , the government of Great Britain should embrace every opportunity of pressing upon ' that of Austria tho duty of abandoning tho attempt Which , with foreign aid , it is now ' carrying on to crush the independence of Hungary , and to overthrow that constitution which the sovereigns of Austria have uniformly acknowledged and sworn to maintain , and of remonstrating with the Emperor of Russia , on his interference by lorce of arms in tho internal affairs of another countrv . "

      Mr . James Moxcrieff having seconded tho resolution , the Lord Provost proceeded to put it , when Dr . Wm . Glover rose from his seat on the platform for the purpose of moving an amendment , as follows : — " That the meeting was of opinion that the Royal House of Austria or Hupsburg had forfeited all claim to the throne of Hungary , and that the Hungarians had a perfect right ' to choose what form of government they thought proper , independent of all foreign interference , and thxt the meeting memorialise her Majesty to acknowledge the independence of Hungary and its existing government , and to withdraw her ambassadors from the courts of Russia , Austria , France , and every other government violating tho laws of nations and tho rights of humanity . On being put to the meeting , tho resolution was declared carried .

      Mr . Bkow . v ( a working man , ) seconded by Mr . J . F . Mackarlaxe , moved the following resolution , which was also adopted : — " That a memorial be presented , in the name of this meeting , to her Majesty ' s government , through the Secretary of State for Foreign Aftaira , praying and urging them without delay to use their influence witli Austria and Russia for puting a stop to the warfare and armed interference so much deprecated by this meeting ; and , further , to endeavour to bring about the restoration of peace on a basis which sha'l seem'e , in a manner satisfactory to the people of Hungary , their religious and civil liberties and rights . '" On tho motion of Mr . Haiihison , it was agreed to prepare . 1 suitable address to the Hungarian nation , to be transmitted to Kossuth ; and after a vote of thanks was given to the Lord Provost , on the motion of Mr . Duncan , S . S . C , the meeting separated .

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      MANCHESTER . On Thursday a crowded and even overflowing meeting was held at Manchester , to express sympathy with the cause of the Ilungariansand Romans , and to protest against the interference of Russia and France in the affairs of those countries . The meeting had been called by the Mayor ( John Potter , Esq . ) , upon a requisition highly-respcctably . signed , and was held in the Town-hall . Along with alarge body of the working classes there wove present many of the most respectable of the merchants and public men of the borough and neighbourhood , including two members of tho county , Alexander Henry , Esq ., and James Hey wood , Esq . ; and James Kevshavr , Esq ., M . P . for Stockport . The proceedings lasted nenrly four hours , and yet from no individual among the numerous speakers , of all

      classes of men , was a word breathed contrary to tho spirit in which tho meeting had been called . Mr . T . Bazley moved the first resolution : — " That this meetinjr , recognising the right of every nation to the management of its own internal affairs , undistuvbud by the intcivcntion ot" foreign powers , sympathises with tlie Hungarians and Romans in their heroic struggles to possess that right , and protests against the infringement of it by the Russian and French government !; -, " A . IFe . vry , Esq ., M . P .. for South Lancashire , seconded the resolution , which was supported in a very lengthy , able and patriotic speech by tho Rev . Robert Vacgiux , L . L . D . Jamks IJevwood Esq ., and Mr . Charles Southwell aiso supported the resolution , and it was carried without a word of dissent , amidst loud cheering .

      Mr , Absalom Watkiw , merchant and manufacturer , moved the second resolution : — " That a memorial to her Majesty be drawn up and signed by the chairman , on behalf of this meeting , humbly beseeching that she will be pleased to instruct her Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs to protest against tho armed intervention of Russia and France in the internal affairs of Hungary and Rome , and to use all the moral influence " her government possesses in behalf of the liberties of tho oppressed nations . " James Kershaw , Esq ., M . P ., seconded the resolution ; and it was supported by tlie Uev . Dr . Beard , who , like Dr . Vaughan , went into the history and habits of the Hungarian people , with a view to show that they were justified in the course they were now taking . Tho resolution was carried unanimously . v

      Mr Robert Worthington moved a resolution , protesting against the atrocities ' committed by the Austvians and Imperialists in tho way with Hungary , especially the unprecedented cruelties practised by General Haynau . . Mr . Jou . \ Stores Smith seconded the resolution , and it was agreed to uriiiniinonsly . After a vote of thanks to the Mayor for calling the meeting , and for presiding , and a few expressions from ' his worship in warm approbation and approval of tlie proceedings , the meeting separated .

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      -.,, ¦ ¦¦ -, « & > PARLIAMENTARY AMD FINANCIAL RBFOKM . GREENWICH . A meeting of the Greenwich Parliamentary and Financial Reform Association was . hold on Tuesday evening in Providence Chapel , Powis-streot , Woolwich , G . W . Mastkrs , Esc ., i" the chair , in the place of John Wade , E * q ., who was absent in consequence of the sudden death of one of his family . The meeting was addressed by Messrs . Haiuimax , Blioii , Tindal and Atkinson , and a resolution in accordance with the object of tho society was carried . A vote of thanks was then passed by acclamatioi to the chairman , and the meeting separated .

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      READING ELECTION . THE XO . M 1 XATION . Monday . —The town was kopt in a state ot commotion from rather an early hour bj' the bands and bannersof two of the Candida tus parading the street ! :. The excitement reached its utmost heigjit , when an address appeared from aiioiluT candidate , making a total of five , who in their political sentiments varied from high Toryism to Chartism . The now candidate is Mr . Thos " Norton , who , for a period ol twelve years , held a seat on the judicial bench in Newfoundland , and he appears to solicit the suffrages of the liberal electors . This gentleman was introduced by Mr . George Thompson , M . T . for the Tower Hamlets , and his address was in circulation a few hours prior to the time appointed for the

      nomination . The preliminary proceedings having been gone through by the Mayor and Town-clerk , Mr . T . Salmon proposed Mr . George Bowyer as a fit and proper person to represent this borough in parliament . ( Cheers and confusion . ) Mr . LuTcmvonTii seconded tlio nomination . Air . Bowyer said he stood before them to ask their suffrages ; he did not come as the nominee of any person or set of persons , but as the honest exponent of those great principles of national improvement and progress which were maintained by the liberal constituency of this borough , and triumphantly maintained by their zeal , patriotism , and union . He

      wasnot broughthereby any strange member of parliament ,. buthecame uninvited , believingthatthc liberal constituency wanted a candidate . There was no candidate in the field , he came down and offered himself , feeling a deep interest in tho borough , and having alarge stake in the county ; therefore ho must bo a more safe representative of the borough than any stranger could be . He thought they had a greater hold upon him than upon any stvangoi' . Thohon . candidate spoke at length on the question of free trade , and expressed himself as determined to support the princi p le , for he had not seen that any of ni 3 tenants Or labourers had suffered from its adoption . While- they had free trade in corn , it ought to

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      be earned out in everything else , for it was an in consistency to confine it to one thing . It must bo earned out in every branch of national commerce , and to the fullest possible extent . It w : ts : ibsurd to ¦ alk of going backward to-the old principle of protection . Cheers It to » on the principle of progression h 6 Should legislate . With looiud to CCOnoniyhewas determined , if they returnwl him to parliament , to enforce it in every brr-a-oh of the public service , being of opinion that 110 o < ie should bo paid from the resources of the country ' out those who were engaged in its service , lie thought that education ought to be given to t \ it > public without reference to tho interests of any particular creed . The income tax which was known as a war tax , wag

      very objectionable , and lie was in favour of a modification , lie thought that allowance ought to be made for the disbursements in trade , anil that it should be imposed on the net and not ihi gross produce of trade . To the endowment of Catholic churches he was strongly opposed , mid as to the ballot , it should receive his support ; and he was anxious protection should lie given tc- every man in the exercise of tho franchise . As to tim suffrage , that ho would extend as people bw . imo educated , and he concluded by calling upon the Liberals to unite and support him at the poll . Mr . H . Simonds proposed , and Mr . Iioti-os seconded , the nomination of Mr . John Frederick Stanford .

      Mr . Stanfoud briefly addressed the electors , saying that he was maintaining that nifuiiirchial system of government under which he fi-i'iid the greatest liberties exist . ' He was opposed to free trade , as it subjected the labourers of this mtuntiy to an unfair competition with f oreign eounjrie . * . He alluded to the state of Ireland , and srgued that the industrious classes ought not to bo taxo-A for the support of men who had ample mean ? , L > ut who iacked energy to improve their com it ion . He pledged himself not to support the present guvernment , as he regarded the whole of their policy , both in reference to the colonies and at home , as ; ui exhibition of their incompetency to bold offi ' w . He was friendly with all sections of religionists , but to dissenters and Roman catholics he couM mislcu no concession , being a strong advocate for Church and State , from which he conceived msnv of lIk' bleasings of the country flowed . If they returned him he would stick , he said , to his text , and be would support their interests , and work for thy town .

      Mr . Hone m a few words , proposed Sir John Have as a candidate . The proposition wns seconded by John Hone , Esq ., amid much kugbt-. n- and confusion . ' Sir Jons Hark gave a brief statement of Jiis political views , saying , that ho was in favour of universal suffrage , voto by ballot , ju > wr . ; i ! parliaments , reduction in taxation , and every measure of reform which the people now requin'd . ' Mr . Garroi . Ii , a , Quaker , nominated Mr . Thomas Norton . ¦ , ¦ Mr . Esau , seconded the proposition .

      Mr . Nortos addressed the elecroi , ? at greafc length , stating that he was for tho maintenance of free trade , and the removal of all restriutiimu upon the commerce and industry of the pooplu ; he advocated financial reform , and every practicable degree of economy in the several departments of the public service , lie' was in favour of an extension of the suffrage , would vote for the protection of the ballot , and support a measure for ^ shortening the duration of parliaments . He was a friend of universal education , free from the interference of any religious sect ; in favour of the abolition of ecclesiastical courts , and tho removal of all imposts levied upon dissenters for the support of the established church . Ho was anxious for an improvement in ihc government of the colonies , with the view to develope their capabilities and to diminish their cxpcnsi * by concoding to them the power of self-government . Mi-. Jones , seconded by Mr . J 3 ucku . \ o , thun nominatedMr . Thomas Clark as a fit pc-i-sou to represent the borough .

      Mr . Clark proceeded to addreii the- meeting , which by this time had become very impatient , and he had not gone , far before the procee ' .-lings were totally interrupted for some time by : i fight that took place in the body of the hall be " twccn " the partisans of tho different candidates . Tin * police intevfvi'ed , and for ' a time seemed likely to !> e > v . ughly handled ; but , aided by the good sense of thy majority of the meeting , order was resioi : ¦<( , Mr . Clark , then proceeded in a temperate ; i : nl quiet manner to advocate tlie several point . ' - of th ? Charter , which , he said , the working men wet * anxious to place before the other classes on sue . ! occasions as the present , believing that a great port ! mi of the dislike entertained by the educated e ' . ! i « os to the enfranchisement of tlie operatives arose , kpi horn a feeling of hostility to them , on the cor ' s t : \ -iry , they believed that the rich and tho wealth wire actuated

      by asineore desire to benefit their . socinl coalition , but from an imperfect acquaintance with tin 1 principles and the temper of the working ; : «¦« . Having advocated the right of universal suijfragc to a considerable extent , he said it was not his iitu-nUoa to go to tho poll . He thanked tho meeting for the patience with which they had listened to him , : \ ud ! u . « concluded by reuommondina ; to the Liberal party to devise sonre method of healing : their divisions , and uniting upon one or other of the camiidiuos now before them , as it would be a disgrace to ;'» u Liberal constituency of Heading to be represented by a gen tleman professing the principles of Mr . Stanford . On a show of hands being taken , it was declared to be in favour of Mr . Xorton . A poll wis demanded for the other candidates , and , after passing a vote of thanks to the mayor , tlu » mooting dispersed . WEDNESDAY . —OFFICIAL DECLARATION OP THE POLL . At noon the Mayor ( Mr . Thonm Ihvris ) announced tlie final state of the poll , and deekred tho votes to have been recorded as follows : — Mr . Stanford ( Conservative ) ... 507 Mr , Kowyer ( Whig ) hi ... ... t'i'i 4 Mr . Norton ( Liberal ) 107 Mr . Stampohd and Mr . Norton * having addressed the electors , the proceedings were brouglsS to a close by a voto of thanks—proposed by Mr . StanroRn , and seconded by Mr . Norton—being formally passed to the Mayor . The honourable member afterwards went through the ceremony of" chairing . " The town resumed its usual quietude af . an early hour in the evening , and the election passed off more orderly and peaceably than for many years past .

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      Advaxci" in Wages at BLACKBUKN . —Oi ; U 10 3 rd inst . a notice , of which the following is : ; copy , - was posted in the principal mill of this town : — " Notice * that an advance of five per cent , in the wi ' . jres of the persons working in this establishment , in weaving , spinning , and carding , will be made at the expiration of a fortnight , from the . close of tho present working week . The masters hold themsdves at liberty to reduce the wages again to their nresont rate , if other towns do not adopt the advance of five per cent , within six weeks . —Blackburn , Aug . 1 , IS-iil . " Some , have accepted tho offer , but others declare tlmt they will have no less than ion per cent . A portion " of the weavers of Mcssr .-i .

      Pilkington , Brothers , and Co ., about 200 , struck , Inicmany resumed work this morning . One tiinaurr raude tho following proposition—that he would give the ten per com ., but the money should lie in his own pockot , and if in six weeks other towns did not generally adopt the ten per cent , he should retain tho amount , and that his Lands should continue 10 work at the present rate . —1 ' nnton Chronicle . Saviscs Baxks Uetuhx . —An interesting Parliamentary return has just been issued on the subject of savings-banks , giving a variety of particulars respecting them . The return embraces iha whole United Kingdom , and is made up to the 20 th of November liist . Tho number of depositors was l , l . M , bM ; tho amount deposited , £ 28 , 046 , 130 ; while C , a 6 S persons had purchased annuities

      amounting to £ 10 i 5 , 0 C > 2 . To conduct 581 savingsbanks , there were C 35 unpaid officers and 1 , 140 paid . . Vo loss than £ 73 , 384 was disbursed in salaries , and the total annual expenses of management amounted to & 10 : 3 , 102 . The average rate of interest ; i ! iowc'l to depositors , which ' varies in different banks , was . £ 2 ISs . 1 M . per cent . The largest establishment was that- ; in St . Alartin's-place , Charing Cross ; there wore . 07 , 211 depositors , who llild invested Xi , lU , C 17—n sum greater than tho amount deposited in the whole of Scotland ; there were sixteen officers , all paid , and the total expenditure was . ( - 5 , 187 . The comptroller and secretary of this bank receives a salary of £ 770 . The actuaries at Manchester and Exeter received £ 600 each .

      Tin : ]' iia . \ 'kli . \ Exi'KDiriox . —Every one will bo concerned to hear that a despatch has arrived at the Admiralty from Sir John Richardson , without any news of Sir John Franklin . The expedition hud traversed the coast from the Mackenzie and Coppermine river ; but the Esquimaux all declared that no whi to men had made their appearance . Unfortunately the ice set in unusually strong , and prevented the expedition from proceeding beyond Icy Cove , to the north of Cape Kcndal , just as it was on tho point of exploring a most interesting region . Thus , for the present , all hope is cut off of discovering the lost voyagers . Our only consolation is in the gain to science , for the search for Capt . Franklin .

      1 ms brought to light many interesting facts respecting tlie inhospitable regions of Arctie . America . A . v l . vconiuoiBLE Besoak . —A man was recently brought before the Tribunal of Correctional Police on the charge of . mendicity . " Have you erer beea condemned before ? said tho President . "I should think so , " answered he . "How often . " ' "Always * m fact the thing . has . become a perfect bore , foil every time 1 ve been caught I ' ve been condemned . " '' lou have lived forty years b y begging ? " " No ; thirty-nine only-as 1 passed the first year of my lite at-nurse 1 " "And you are decided not to work ? " "Why , if I found a lucrative place with nothing to do I might not obiect to take it . " , ? ha tribunal condemned the fellow to three montns -m * . pusonment . . •' -. :

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      CARDIFF . A public mooting was held on Friday evening in the Town Hall , Charles Vaehell , Esq ., in the chair , for the purpose of expressing sympathy -with the Hungarians in their noble struggle against Austria and Russia , and aiding them by subscriptions in then- behalf . Tho Tovm-hall -was soon filled to suffocation , and the meeting adjourned to the square outside , where there were at least 2 , 500 persons present . The following resolutions were adopted : — ' 'That , in the opinion of this meeting ' , the struggle of the Hungarian people to maintain * their independence ,

      and to vindicate . their personal and constitutional liberties , entitles them to receive the warm sympathies of all classes of the people of England and Wales . " " That this mooting earnestly calls upon the British government to recognise the independence of the Hungarian nation , and to negotiate a commercial treaty ¦ with that country , that the moral and peaceful support of this great empire may bo given to a noble people who are vindicating not only their own freedom , but tho interests of civilisation and libertv ag . iinstthe camarilla of Austria and the barbarians of Russia . " " That tlie foregoing resolutions , together with any subscriptions that may be obtained , be forwarded to tlie friends of liung . iry in London now acting on their behalf . "

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      • - ^ . SHEFFIELD . The cause of the Hungarians in Sheffield is exciting much interest and enthusiasm . The Chartists had a large meeting on Monday evening in Paradise-square ; Mr . Councillor Ironside presided . The requisition calling the mooting was signed by eleven town councillors ^ The Chairman opened the proceedings with a spirited address , calling upon the loading men of the middle class to . assist the brave Hungarians against the barbarian despots of Austria and Russia , with their influence . and their purse He next called upon Mr . It . Otlcy to move the first resolution , which was to memorialise her Majesty and her government to immediately recognise the

      independence of the Hungarian nation , and calliii' » upon her to employ her imperial authority , and that of the British nation , to put an end to the sanguinary war , in which the ri g hteous principles of justice arc so grossly violated by Russia and Austria . —Mr . R . Otley supported the motion by demonstrating the impossibility of the sword subduing and holding in subjection the spirit of a nation endowed with intelligence mid tho lovo of political liberty and equality . He denounced Lord Brougham as a political renegade . Adverted to Lord Byron , who gave his fortune and his life for the lilicitfes of Greece , which , like the phoenix consumed by fire , yet rises again from its ashes to immortality ; and , in conclusion , called upon the

      British people toinutatc so illustrious an example . — Mr . Scwnrd , seconded the motion ; he pleaded with considerable force for the Hungarians ; denouncing the tvrants of ; Russia and Austria in no measured terms . The motion was passed unanimously . —Mr . Kobinson , late of-London , moved the memorial . ( He was received with cheers . ) He commenced by observing , that a previous speaker had said , that the tyrants of Russia and Austria merited to be sent into Siberia ; but he was of opinion that Siberia was too holy a place , evory foot of land there had been sanctified by the blood of the martyrs . In his opinion , these tyrants should be doomed to a place much hotter , in which dwelt a personage of whom the parsons spoke so much . He dwelt much upon the sufferings and bravery of the Hungarians , and recommended the people of Sheffield to support their cause to the utmost of their ability . —Mr .

      Buckley , seconded tho memorial ; ho entertained the meeting with lively and true Irish wit ; gave tlie Sheffield Times a . sound castigation for their falsely reporting him at : i previous meeting , am . was much cheered during his address . —It was then moved and seconded , that a subscription should be entered into for the Hungarians . In conclusion three groans wore given for tlie special constable President of Trance ; three cheers for the people of France three cheers for tlie Romans ; three cheers for Mr . Roebuck's speeches in the House of Commons in favour of Italy and the Hungarians ; and , in conclusion , three cheers for the bravo Hungarians and their illustrious generals . This was the largest and most enthusiastic meeting that has been field in Sheffield for some time . The meeting was adjourned to the following Monday , at the top of Sheffield Moor .

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      . . * b » : •;¦ < ¦ •'/ .- EDINBURGH . A public meeting of tho citizens of Edinburgh was held in tho Music-hall , on Monday , for the purpose of " expressing sympathy with the Hungarian nation in their glorious struggle for constitutional freedom . " On tho platform were : —Mr . Cowan , M . P ., tho Lord Provost , Count Krazinski ; the Rev . Drs . Alexander , Brown , and Iletherington ; Mr . Makgill Crighton , of Rankeillour ; Uaillie Stott ; Councillors Gray and Ridpath ; Mr . James Moncrielf , Advocate ; Mr . A . Dunlop , Advocate , Mr . Duncan , g . S . C . ; Mr . J . F . Macfarlcn ; Mr . William M'Crio ; Mr . George Lees , A . M ., &c .

      On the motion of Mr . M'Ckie , the Lord Provost was called upon to preside . Mr . Cowan , M . P ., proposed , and the Rev . Dr . Alexaxdbr seconded the following resolution ;—" That this meeting heartily sympathises with the Hungarian nation in the noble and determined efforts which they are now making to maintain their constitutional independence , and to secure the permanent enjoyment of civil and reliffious liberty ; which efforts , the meeting ardently " hopes , may soon , by the blessing of God , be crowned with a glorious success . "

      The resolution was then put to the meeting , and enthusiastically carried . Mr . A . Duxlop , advocate , proposed tho next resolution : — " That this meeting deeply deplore the war waged by the Austrian authorities , and that with such barbarous cruelty , against the independence and liberty of Hungary , arid deprecate in the strongest manner "the armed interference of Russia with the settlement of a question between the house of Hapsburg and the Hungarian nation , as unwarranted and oppressive in itself , hostile to the rights of an-independent people , perilous to the peace of Europe , nni&lireatening- even to endanger ultimately its civilisation and freedom . "

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      EXETER . A very full meeting assembled in the Reform Institution Room , in Exeter , on Wednesday last , for the purpose , as the bills expressed it , of sympathising with the brave Hungarian nation in their present struggle for independence . Mr . Cuarles TiTiiEHLETt , the president of the institution , was in the chair . Mr . Councillor Baruixoton proposed the following resolution : — " That this meeting regards with the greatest admiration and sympathy the noble exertions of the Hungarian nation to maintain inviolate their ancient libertiea and constitutional independence from the tyrannical encroachments of Austrian despotism ; and it views with abhorrence the atrocities committed by the Russo-Austrian authorities in Hungary , and regards the intervention of Russia as a violation of tho law of nations and dangerous to the peace , freedom , and general welfare of Europe . " Mr . Strowbridge seconded the resolution , which was carried uminimously amid great applause .

      Mr . Councillor Richards moved : — " That her Majesty's government be respectfully requested to protest against the . interference of Russia , and to recognise the independence of Hungary and its provisional government ; and that these resolutions be embodied in a memorial signed by tho chairman , and forwarded to Lord John Russell . " Mr . Standlake , a working man , seconded tlie resolution , which was carriod by acclamation . A vote of thanks was given to the Chairman , and the meeting separated .

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      Hungarian nation , who were so nobly leading the w ? i ? cl ? iIisation on the continent . ( Cheers . ) The hon . gentleman , at gome length , denounced the conduct of Austria and the interference of Ilnssin , and concluded by expressing his conviction that if the people of the United Kingdom were determined this ^ country cpuld decide the victory . ( Cheers . ) ihe resolution was carried unanimously amidst loud cheers . Lord Dudley Stuaut , M . P ., rose to move the second resolution and was received with several bursts of enthusiastic cheering . Ho expressed his delight at seeing the unanimous feeling' of the iinglisli people from one end of the kingdom to the other , 111 favour of the stnurglc of the Hungarian nationand

      , indignation at tlwconduct of their ruthless oppressors . The city of London , the boroughs of Marylebone , Birmingham , Leicester , Cardiff ; and other places had already held their meetings . They heard from the hon . member , for Dundalk that Edinburgh met that day ; Wakefield , Leeds , Manchester and Liverpool and other places were about to follow the example , ( Cheers . ) The sentiments of a free people , like the English nation , 2 ™ 110 , . dy to acknowled ge and to support a Sfi ^ SBlH-g &r 1 »« liberties . ( Hear ) ' The S ™» of Austria were at work , and at the great ™ It f ^ ° orouSh of Marylebone that £ / TS ' n dbeca tnkcn t ( 3 misrepresent what tha he deekfl °$ l ? ^ had b ° stat

      fcrence . luneers . The struggle going on in llunln , ? I J t U , . lt was a struggle of the hi ghest importance 10 tins country , inasmuch as its commercial interests were involved in tho question . The house 01 Hapsburgh and Austria hail evtr boon tlie enemies and tlie persecutors ol religion . They shot their prisoners of war in cold blood ; they wore tho scourgcrs of women ; and to show their impartiality they , had recently hung Protestant and Catholic ministers of religion on tlie same gallows . ( Shame . ) 1 he noble lord concluded an eloquent address by moving a resolution to the effect : — " That the meeting viowed with detestation and horror the barbarous manner in , which the Austrian and Russian generals are prosecuting tlie war against the brave Hungarians , and c 6 nsidered"their brutal and bloodthirsty , conduct deserving of tlie just and indignant reprobation of all civilised nations . "

      Mr . St . Joun seconded this resolution , which was also carried . Mr . NicoLAt moved the third resolution : — " That the meeting considers the military interference Of Russia in the affairs of Hungary wholly unjustifiable , and a gross violation of the law of natians , the indefeasible rights of Hungary , and perilous to the peace , the freedom , and general welfare of Europe . " Mr . Long seconded the motion , which was also carried . Other resolutions were adopted , including one expressive of satisfaction and admiration at the protest of the Ottoman Porte , and its refusal to allow the Russian troops to pass through the Turkish territory . It was understood that this was in compliment to some members of . the Turkish embassy , who were present . The meeting , after thanks to tho chairman , separated at a late hour .

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      . ¦ Ahwb 11 , M 4 » . ' " THE NORTHERN STAR . ' s -

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Aug. 11, 1849, page 5, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1534/page/5/