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Northern Star (1837-1852), 16th June 1849, Edition 1 of 3, Page 5, Untitled Article

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      Untitled Article

      laH" -sasss " JS ^^™ ^^^ ^ to 5 S the derelopement of national wealth andmividaal prosperity . and , after all , these two things are _ Or ought to t ^ -the great oV jects of human society . ^ Ol )" It seems difficult to see ^ hy the princi ple of SStr ? . Ration , ^ pon definite and S ^ i T Ciple V M not te applied to international as veU as individual disputes . R ations are onl y aggregations of individuals , art jrhile it js quite possible that they may in their collective capacit y , experience fits of that anger which has been described as » snort madness , " as well as individuals , it Would surel y he much to their advantage , that * ney should he prevented from doing either * aemeelYes or others harm , while in thP paroxysm . == ..

      At present , in crder to guard against the possible outbreaks of passion , on one side or auothei ^ EnropDinaintains at least 2 , 000 000 sighting men . Two 3 inxiox able-bodied adult 3 UEES are drawn from industrial pursuits , and made a lieavy burden upon those who labour . Fortifications and barracks bristle everywhere with ' cannons and bayonets and ships of war , armed to the teeth , swarm in all seas . "With , what an insane and perverted ingenuity mankind labour to make themselves miserable ! In this country , out of a net expenditure of fifty-four millions , we are paying not less than Forty Millions every year , as the cost of past , and the provision against future wars ! But is it such a provision ? TTe confess that , looMnsr to the

      interest of ihe fighting men to keep the hall rolling , and the game in then * own hands , it seems rather a provocative . It is like laying a tram of gunpowder , and sitting down to play beside it with lueifer matches . Of course it it is easy to prove ingenious objections to this as to erery other suggestion of enlightened international policy . The great stum-Wing-block ia this case is that it would Tjc impossible to constitute a Supreme Court , to enforce the award of the international arbitrators . This seems to us mere moonshine . After an , among nations as among individuals , It is public opinion which rales in the long run . If clauses binding the respective

      nations to aruitratum were inserted in all treaties , and in the cose of a desperate one of the contendin g parties refusing to submit to the award of the atbt trators , it would stand convicted of a breach of public faith . It would come even into the field of battle raider a disadvantage at starting—and other nations warned by its violation of its solemn engagements , would , in self-defence , cease to have any dealings with it It would be outlawed from the companionship of nations , or as we say in vulgar parlance , " sent to Coventry . " The proposers of this great improvement in onr dealings with other powers , Took great pains to place themselves ri ght zipon one point . They repudiated the extreme doctrine that under no case or circumstances is war justifiable . They recognised the right of oppressed

      nations to rise against their rulers—of countries groaning under the tyranny of foreign usurpation to appeal to arms for their emancipation from the loathsome degradation . But these are not international cases and the adoption of the arbitration principle would , even in them , have a reactive in-2 Uience of a highly beneficial character . Ministers made pacific , and , all things considered , not bad speeches upon the subject , they approved so far of the principle involved in Mr . Cobdex ' s motion as to refrain from meeting it "with a direct negative , and contented themselves with the moving the pre-Tious question , thereby indicating the time may come , even in the opinion of official men , when the practical adoption of the principle may be expedient

      In the midst of general commotion , and a sbite of things not dissimilar to that which at the close of last century forced this country into a long -war , and the expenditure of six hundred millions sterling , it is gratifying to find a movement of this kind a-foot out of doors—and gratifying to find that it Las so many supporters in Parliament . Its moral effect on ^ Ministers , and the increased chances of our thereby keeping the peace , are of the most Taluable description . With Pauierstox in power , who knows where we should be , but for such influences ?

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      RECEIPTS OF THE KATIOHAL UNO COMPANY ¥ OR THE TVIEK EXD 1 XG TlICRSDAT , Jcxe 14 , 1810 . SHARES . Xs . 4 £ s « 1 . Calais .. 10 0 Southampton .. 015 0 Crarford -- 1 S 7 Elland .. .. 113 C Barnsley -. i i 6 A . 1 L Gram .. 0 6 0 Jjsmheth .. O 4 C & Oram .. 0 4 0 Coventry .. 1 1 0 P . ^ I'ilanus .. « 3 o Carlisle 2 17 0 T . Davenport .. 0 10 0 KotUMsham .. 0 6 4 J . Steward .. 0 la 0 Boston - O 8 « J . C . Taylor .. 0 8 0 Blandfora .. 15 0 J . Kendall .. 0 a 0 Manchester .. 414 0 J . \ igurs .- 0 3 C Banbary - 3 10 fi ' Westmujster .. 0 11 0 £ 24 13 11

      EXPENSE FUND . Crayford .. 0 2 0 Carlisle .. 0 2 o Uaiham . 0 7 0 Uanbury .. 010 t lambeth .. 0 2 0 — - A'leliagham .. 0 « 0 * LJL _ ° TOTALS . """""" 3 * ind Tumi 2 ± 13 11 Expense ditto ... ... ... IOC Sonus ditto 912 9 11 Loan ditto 0 2 c Transfers ... i i , i Sides 2 n 1 ¦ . i £ 910 17 a " Vy . DlXOX , C . Dotle , T . Clark , " Cor . See . P . Jl'GBAin , Pic . Sec . X . B . —The money forBules was paid by the BanhuiY " Rrim-Tl - -

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      EXECUTIVE FUND . Received by " Wh . Ridek . —J . Tajlor , Stonr Provost , Is . ; Winchester , per G . Sturges , Is . FOR WIVES AND FAMILIES OF VICTIMS . Received l > y Wsi . Rideb . — A . SmitliandT . Kerr , Ashhyae-la-Zoncb , Is . ; J . Tavlor , Stour Provost , Is . ; W . Lewis , Xonaon , Is . Gd . ; Nottingham , per J . Swcet j £ 1 as . Sd . ; Winchester , per

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      LETTERS TO THE WOJiKING CLASSES . XLTIII . " ¦ Words are things , and a small drop of ink FaUing-like dew-upon a thought , produces ? i ?^ makes tll 0 usandS i Perhaps millions ""^ eieos . THE CEISIS ! Bkother Pholetariaxs , Once more our brothera in Paris are strnggW for the rights of mankind . In toZS ^ X ^ r 01 C Patriots blood has a g ^ n flowed-the blood of the people . The traitors and assassins , Buonaparte , Omllok Barkot , Faliotjx , Thiers , Mole , Ciiangarnier , &c , hare thrown off the mask , unsheathed the sword , placed Paris in a state of siese , ar rested the faithful Representatives tf the people , and hoisted the BLACK FLAGT of

      -Imperial-Bourgeois TERROR ! Ere this number of the "Northern Star" issues from the Press , the question at issue will , in all probability , have been decided . Either we shall have to mourn the destruction of our-gallant brethren , and the prostration of their holy cause , or we shall be able to rejoice over the downfall of the abovenamed traitors and assassins , whose unpunished crimes have too long dishonoured France , and wearied the patience of Humanity . The fratricidal invasion of Italy has provoked the present struggle .

      Under lying and hypocritical pretences the Ministers induced the Constituent Assembl y to sanction an expedition to Italy , for the purpose—as was then represented—of upholding the influence of France , by preventing Austrian domination in the Uoman States . At Civita Vecchia the French troops were received as friends , and under that guise they marched to Rome , which they attempted to occupy as enemies ! Repulsed by the Romans , driven back with loss and disgrace , the French Commander , Oodinot , waited the arrival of reinforcements before making a second attack . In the meantime , the French Government tried to

      effect by fraud that which they had failed to accomplish by force ; but their diplomacy , like their fighting , resulted in failure . The glorious Mazzvsi , and his glorious compatriots , showed that they were neither to be cajoled nor frightened . The attack on Rome was therefore renewed , and from the 3 rd inst . to the date of the latest accounts , fighting had been going on . Torrents of blood have flowed . Every step the French have taken has been disputed inch b y inch . The Romans exhibit a valour worthy of their ancient renown ; and , if ultimately the French are the victors , they will have to erect their standard on mountains of the slain . Such has been , and is , the fiendish work of that enemy of the human race , President Buonaparte !

      Against this impious war , this war of brother : tgainst brother—for Trench and Roman Republicans should shed their blood only when fighting on the same side , and for a common cause—against this unholy contest , waged for the profit of priests and kings , the generous people of Paris have protested , and are now protesting—it may be at the cost of their lives . Their demonstration on the 13 th , was the manifestation of a pacific and unarmed , but virtuously resolved people . In that manifestation from fifteen to twenty thousand National Guards took part . The people were assaulted , dispersed , and ? ome wounded , smdit is said even killed . "Wednesday , the 13 th , was in many respects a repetition of the 22 nd of February . "Will this day have been a repetition of the 23 rd ? "Will to-morrow repeat the

      popular triumph , of the 24 th of February ? or arc our brethren doomed to be crushed anew , as they were in those fatal days of June , when Louis Pni-LirrE vanquished the Republicans with grape-shot , or , as in those still more terrible days of June , 1848 , when the Proletarians were mowed down by the ruthless soldiers of the bourgeoisie ? These arc , indeed , anxious moments . "Woe to the human race if our brothers are vanquished ! The fifth article of the Constitution sets forth that" The French Republic respects foreign nationalities , as it will make its own respected , will undertake no war with a view to conquest , or ever employ its forces against the liberty of any people . " The attack upon Borne is an outrage on a foreign nationality .

      The war asainst Rome is a war to conquer the Roman Republic and subvert the liberty of the Roman people . Buonaparte and his Ministers have violated Art . 5 of the Constitution . ' The fifty-fourth article declares that t ' ie President " cannot undertake any war without thfi consent « f tli ? National Assembly . " The Avar against Rome was undertaken without the consent of the Assembly ; and , indeed , indefianee of the expressed will to the contrary of the Constituent Assembly . President Buonaparte and his Ministers have violated Art . oi of the Constitution . Under these circumstances it was the duty of the Legislative Assembly to impeach the Government . The members of the Mountain , faithful to their mission , prepared an act of impeachment , directed flfainst the traitorous President , and his traitorous

      Ministers . . But , on the 11 th of June , the majority of the Assembly , by passing to the order of the day , on the interpellations of Ledru Rolun , declared then adherence to the treasonable policy of the President and his Ministers . On the 12 th , tliey rejected the decree of impeachment presented by the minoritv . . The members of the Leg islative Assembly , formin" the majority , hare proclaimed themselves accomplices in the treason of the President and his Cabinet . Thus situated , the faithful minority appealed to the people , the National Guard , and the army ; reminding those they appealed to , that -Art . 110 of the Constitution , p laces it under the guardianship of-all Frenchmen . . The minority have deserved well of their country ; more they have deserved well of the Human

      IJalCG As already stated , the people of Paris responded bv a pacific ' demonstration ; which was answered by brute force on the part of the Government . At tho same time Buoxafarte and his fellow traitors , presented to the Assembly the project of a decree for declaring Paris , and all the surrounding territory , in a « = tato of siege ; and authorising the establishment of the same military despotism wherever the people mav , like those of Paris , manifest their attachment to the Constitution . The " project" was received with loud applause , and , undoubtedly ,

      was adopted in the course of the sitting . The latest accounts I have before me , state that the Government had arrested two leading members of the Mountain—Felix P vat and Theodore Bac . There is n rumour in town that CoxsiDERAXT , Etiexxe Aiugo , and Ledku Rouin , have also been arrested . The conspirators have also arrested that patriotic citizen Colonel Guinard , chief of the ArtiJJcrv of the National Guard . Cuaxgarnieu has seized the cannon of that body . The artillerymen of the National Guard are staunch Republicans , and therefore not to be trusted by Buonaparte and his

      traitor confederates . ~ , . A ROTALIST REIGN OF TERROR , having commenced , the people of Paris will clearly be justified should they appeal to force in defence of the Republic . Never was insurrection more justifiable—more imperative . Buonaparte and his advisers have ranged themselves on the side oi the crowned conspirators of Europe . Should they succeed , the Revolution of February will have been in vain ; the counter-revolution will be accomplished . Republicanism throughout Europe will be smothered in the blood of its defenders . The parson's paper—the beastly " Church and Kin * " " Standard }'—oi this evening , says : — " "We heartily hope that the originators and leaders of this revolutionary movement will receive the lull punishment their iniquitous designs demand ; for hi a case like this , to bemeraful is to be unjust . The ruffian means to say , that he hopes that Buonalwill de

      p arte and his comrogues , if successfu , - vote the Republicans to p itiless slaughter . I respond to the " Standard" by expressing wpmjo t batredvengeancemayovertakethetraitorswhohave driven the people of Paris to revolt . I earnestly pray that Buonaparte , Odillon Bakrot , Famous , Chav g arxier Tdiers , Mole , and their infamous confederates ,-may receive " tho full punishment ; their Sitous designs demand . " I agree with the «• Standard ^ ' that , " in « case like this , to be merciful is to be uniust . " Had the victors of February fluncr " mercy , " " magnanimity , " andLamartineto theSevil , and , instead of doing as they did , allowed iustice to " take its course , " the Republic would not now be in peril ; the people would not now be driven to the alternative of submitting to hopeless slavery , or again pouring out their blood in defence of their new-bom liberties . " Moderation ! " "moderation ! " thou has been the curse and ruin of the patriots of all lands .

      To-Morrow ! Brother Proletarians , To-Morrow M y heart beats with , anxious hope and dread of what the future of a few hours will reveal . But , come what may , my prayer is— victory to the French Bepullkans , «^^ ^^ fD ^ rj PLEl June 14 tb , 18 * 9 .

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      . 1 m ^^ t ^—t » i ¦ OBITUAHY NOTICE OF THE LATE JOHN FIELDEN , ESQ . A funeral sermon was ' preached in tho Unitarian Chapel of this place , by the Rev . Mr . Jones , of Liverpool , in memory of the late John Fieldcn , Esq ., on Sunday last . The scene , as described by an eye-witness to the writer , was imposing . Upwards of ' 500 of the working classes , chiefly operatives employed at the factories of the Messrs . Fieldcns , marched to the chapel in procession , —the chapel was crowded , and as the eloquent preacher spoke on the character of their late neighbour and employer there were but few cyos undimmed with tears . If to lose < i fi'iend is a subject of regret , and most of us have felt it , to know that the virtues of the dead are not forgotten , must ever be a pleasing reflection . .

      .. The late John Fielden was , what is popularly called , "the architect of his own fortune . " Like some others , whose names I could mention , and among them , Jacob Bright , of Rochdale , father of John Bright , M . P . for Manchester , ho was connected with the cotton trade , previous to the general introduction of improved machinery , so extensively used at this time . Industrious , frugal , and thoughtful he , in the cotoi'so of years , rose to influence and the possession of riches . He , however , had the merit of remaining true to the interests of his own order . When honoured with a seat in the Senate , being , with the ISte William Cobbett , representative in parliamentpor the radical borough of Oldham , he oftener thai once assured our aristocratic commoners that he bad been himself a factory operative ,

      and knew the cruelties and horrors of the long hour system from experience . Such a declaration was worth a volume of drawing-room sentimentalities , and at once spoke the stock and breeding of tlm man Mr . Fielden was for years the sincere and warm-hearted a dvocate of short hours , and contributed not a little by his writings , as well as speeches in Parliament , to ensure the success of the Ten-Hours Bill . Mr . Fielden ' s Curse of tiie Iactort Stsiem is a truthful exposure of the iniquities and barbarisms of Eng land ' manufacturing system when laissezfaire was the order of the day , and the ^ v / xynlntfon economists had full scope , and a

      fearful . ' chamber of horrors" it . unfolds . Mr . Aauara o pposition to the long hour practice was not based in humanity alone . He was a practical man , and ? a « Fielders Letter to Ktten " . the secret of our manufactu ring ruin and excesses are . put down in Sam arithmltic . Mr . Men argued p . r ° P erly . Sat we suffered more from home than foreign competition , and that we suffered from producing too Sch rather than too" little . In the absence of X Ashley from Parliament Mr . Fielden was too t ed upon as the Parliamentary leader of the short time party , and under his guidance the measu ? fbeS la J The evasion , or rather suppres-S of S Ten Hours Bill by needy and covetous

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      manufacturers , supported by interested magiatrates , was to him a constant subject of regret , and caused him much mental excitement . A gentleman who accompanied him to the Homo Office on a recent occasion , along with Messrs . Walker and Rand , of Bradford , bein a deputation to wait on Sir George Uroy aboutthe " relay system , " assured mo that it was refreshing to hear the plain old man assure the Ministerial . B aronet that it was his ( Sir G . Grey ' s ) duty to see that the law made by Parliament should be executed . Mr . * FieIden , too , was the unflinching opponent of the Malthusian Uew Poor Law . Born and living among the people , he knew that thoy were neither idle nor improvident , knowing as he did that their industry was the souvce of fortunes enjoyed by

      Liniselt and hundreds of others . As an employer he was upri ght and honourable , and had but little to fear from strikes , turn-outs , or riots . His life was an illustration of a truth often overlooked , to witthat good men are as necessary for the peace and happiness of mankind as . good measures . The common motto is , " measures not men ; " the wiser motto would be , "wise measures and good men . " The late Mr . Fielden breathed his last at Skcynes , in Kent , on May 29 th , and his remains were interred in the burying ground of the Unitarian Chapel of Todmordon , on the ' 4 th of June . Mr . Fielden was an x traordinary man , possessing much vigour and decision of character , and his mind , if not eminently great , was at least such as rendered his life eminently useful . ' Samujjii Kidu . Todmorden , Juno 12 th , 1819 .

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      mi HONOUR TO T . S . DUXCOMBE , M . P . FOR FINSBU 11 Y . On Monday evening , a supper got up by the Finsbury locality of Chartists , was helu at the Clerkenwell Lecture Rooms , 34 , Clerkenwell-green , ( late Lunt ' s Coffee and Assembly Rooms ) , to congratulate the hon . gentleman on his partial restoration to health , and the resumption of his Parliamentary duties . A substantial supper was served up by the worthy host , ( Mr . Humphries oi the United Trades , ) to which a goodly number sat down , amongst whom we noticed several of the leading members of the Trades bodies . The tables being cleared ,

      Mr . M . P . Lee , an elector of the borough , was called to the chair , and said : They had met to night te congratulate themselves on the restoration to health of their champion and representative , Thomas Slingsby Duncombe . ( Loud cheers . ) lie , as an elector , had painfully regretted that indisposition should at such a time have deprived them of the services of both their very honourable and exceedingly useful members . ( Hear , hear . ) One of them was now at least partially restored to health and had agajn appeared in parliament , at which the " sovereign people , " which ' lie now pave as the

      first sentiment , was most heartily rejoiced . ( Loud cheers . ) The next sentiment he had the honour to submit , was " health and happiness to Thomas Slingsby Duncombe , Esq ., M , P ., the indomitable and uncompromising advocate and champion of the rights of the people . " ( Rapturous cheering . ) Mr . Duncombe , had appoarod as a Reformer prior to the passing of the Reform li [ \ l , and had steadily adhered to Liberal principles , progressing in his love and advocacy of liberty down to the present period , and it was no joke to stand up awongsb men who had been denominated " a hand of robbers . "

      The " House was bad enough in the rampant days of Toryism ; true the rotten boroughs had been swept away , but looking at its acts , he could not help thinking that the House was as corrupt as ever . It was only for the people to rally round such men as Mr . Duncombe , and my Lord John would be soon crouching at their feet . Mr . Duncombes consistency , perseverance , and talent , were the theme of all , and their representatives were worthy of all praise . ( Tremendous cheering . ) Mr . Peel , of the United Trades said lie cordially joined with them in their admiration of tlicir

      indefatigable ' representative . Mr . Buncombe's illness had indeed been regarded as a national calamity ; for Mr . 'Duncombe had not alone been the representative of Finsbury , but had represented tho wants and wishes of the industrial portion of the whole nation . ( loud cheers . ) lie believed , had Mr . Duncombe been in the House during the last twelve months , democracy would have ucen in a better position , and that the " Hume party" would have moved on a little further in tho right direction . ( Cheers . ) Kot ! iii \ g gave him more p leasure than . to cordially- respond to the sentiment placed in his hand . ( Loud cheers . ) Mr . Green read and moved . an address to Mr .

      Duncombe , congratulating him on his restoration to health , and pledging tho meeting to continued confidence in , and attachment to , the hon . member . [ The reading was greeted with much applause . ] Mr . Green then said , he believed that Mr . Duncombe ' s indisposition was , in a great measure , caused by his assiduous attention to what the lion , member deemed his duty to the people ; and surely we could not bo too grateful for such services . Mr . Duncombe had visited the hulks with a view to the amelioration of the condition of the poor miserable creatures therein confined , and in so doing had caught a severo cold , which led to his protracted illness . The hon . member ' s indisposition had thrown as it were , a cloud over our political and sociiil movements ; but he hoped to soo that clout ) dispelled , and that the radiant beams of light and

      life would again burst lorth , illumining the way to liberty and happiness . ( Loud cheers . ) Knowing the groat exertions Mr . Duncombe had made , it was their duty to adopt the address now submitted . Mr . Duncombe had proclaimed aloud the great principles of political equality , and the social truth , "that every man had a right to live in the sweat of his own brow , " and had manfully resisted oppression of every kind . He had much pleasure in moving the adoption of the address . ( Applause . ) Mr . Wm . AiJiN'UTT seconded the adoption of the address , which was carried amidst the most hearty acclamations of the audience . The Chairman next gave , amidst loud cheers , " Health and happiness to Feargus O'Connor , M . P ., success to Chartism , and prosperity to the Rational Land Company . " Mr . KoiJEs responded .

      The Chairman gave the next sentiment— " The National Association of United Trades—may its numbers and its powers for good increase for the defence of Industry , and the overthrow of injustice and tyranny in all their fovms . " Air " . IIobsox responded . The Chairman said the next sentiment was" The four persecuted razor grinders ^ of Sheffieldmay their release from prison be speedy , and tho rights and privileges of trades unions be maintained inviolate . "

      Mr . ' Lancaster , delegate from Sheffield , replied . The next sentiment was responded te by Mr . Stalz . wo . od : — . " Success to the democrats of Hungary , Italy , and the whole world . " ( Cheers . ) Mr . IIo ' lmks , of tho Ladies Shoemakers , gave— - " A speedy release to all political prisoners , m this and other countries . " ( Cheers . ) A deputation having been appointed to present the address to Mr . Duncombe , and the usual thanks having been g iven . to the Chairman , the remainder of the evening was spent in social harmony .

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      The Annexation or tiie Punjaub . —Tho big British Empire has accomplished another " extension" by the annexation of the Punjaub . " Annexation" -- " wo thank thoo Jonathan for teaching us that word , " it is so much more polite than robbery , the proper name for all conquests from the days of Semiramis to the present time . According to tho proclamation of the Governor-General of India , tho British are the " mildest incekest men" this earth ever saw—the eternal victims of their love of truth and abhorrence of violence ! On the other hand , the uufortunate Sikhs are set forth as being faithless , bloody , and possessed of every sin under the sun What another sort of picture wo should have were the Sikhs the painters ! The conquest of the

      Punjaub is now added to the gigantic crimes of which the history of " our Indian Empire" is one unbroken series . Twice in the course of tho present session , Mr . George Thompson , M . P . for the Tower Hamlets , has attempted to bring the Punjaub question under the consideration of the House of Commons , and on each occasion there has been " no House" to listen to him . The Whigs and Tories were determined that so far as they were concerned the truth should not be made known within the Avails of Parliament , and the pretended Liberals seem to have been of the same mind , otherwise they would have made " a House . " Ministers evidently desired to stave off discussion until discussion would be useless . That time has now arrived ,

      and perhaps Mr . George Thompson may now obtain a hearin " . If so , Ministers will tell him that the annexation of the Punjaub is unfait accompli , an argument which will be all-sufficient to induce the " hon . members" to refuse to entertain any motion Mr . Thompson may submit to them . When we pro - ceed with the laborious but most necessary task of exposing the enormities of the British system in all its ramifications —( a work we purpose to perform in the future numbers of this publication)—the rise and progress of " our Indian Empire" shall be done justice to . For the present , we can only record our this act of

      humble but earnest , protest against new spoliation perpetrated in the name of England , but not by the English people ; perpetrated for the " benefit" of these aristocratic plunderers who monopolise the fruits of every conquest , and usurp possession of every colony and conquered state , as they have monopolised and usurped everything valuable in this island—land , mines , fisheries , and : every description of property produced , but not enjoyed by the wronged and cheated Proletamns . —Ztemoeraftc ' cSain Heinrichson , whose family was so cruelly murdered in Leveson-street , ^ Wtn "T + h * his passage home , lie haying left Calcutta Ott the lTthApril .

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      NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF UNITED THAMES . The Central Committee of the abore Association having returned to town from attending the lato Conference , have since been actively engaged in carrying out tho instructions of the delegates . Arrangements have boon made for the commencement of an active agitation . The two districts in which it is proposed to commence operations are Manchester and the cotton districts of Lancashire generally , and the populous towns in tho north ,

      commencing with Newcastle , Sumlerlaiicl , North and South Shields , &c , where the objects and principles of this Association are as yet but imperfectly understood or appreciated . The busy hives of industry , scattered so thickly throughout Yorkshire and Derbyshire , will also , in turn , bo visited , and tho question of National Union and Protection to British Industry , versus the Free Traders' present darling system of isolated dependence and individualised competition , be fairly tested .

      The working classes will once more bo called on to decide whether they are satisfied with their present . slavish depen dence upon the freaks and caprices of capital , or whether the experience of the last two years has yet failed to awaken them to a sense of their true posiiion . Messrs . Robson and Peel , who had been appointed a deputation to wait on tho Conference of the Engineers , Mechanics , and Steaincnginc Makers , in Manchester , reported the

      results of their mission , to the effect that they had been received by the numerous delegates there assembled in the most cordial manner ; and that during an interview of more than two hours ? duration , they had been listened to with the most profound attention ; that they had represented to that important meeting the paramount necessity for national union , as the only available means of cozening the rights and freedom of British industry , and called upon them to co-operate with the National Association in effectiug so desirable a

      consummation . The questions of Homo and Foreign Colonisation were incidentally discussed , with reference to the propriety of the working classes investing their funds in cither or both these schemes . Foreign Colonisation or Emigration found but few supporters , but the importance and benefits of Home Colonisation wero generally admitted , and it was explained that the National Association was by no means opposed to such a scheme , but that it was , in fact ,

      enumerated amongst its objects . After a most interesting discussion , uniformly favourable to the National Movement , the following resolution , proposed by Mr . " \ V . Newton , of London , and seconded by Mr . Moms ox , of Swindon , was unanimously adopted : — " That , in the opinion of this meeting , the National Association of United Trades is calculated to confer great advantages upon the industrious classes generally . We , therefore , pledge ourselves individually to promote its objects to the utmost of our abilities . "

      A vote of thanks was then passed to the de " putation , and thus has one of tho most impor " tant and influential Trades in the British dominions TRONpuxcED , through their Delegates , in favour of this great and imperatively necessary movement . " The correspondence received during the last few days breathes a uniform spirit of returning confidence , which is fully borne out by tho gradual increase in the income , which for the

      past week has exceeded £ 50 . Several applications have been made for information by parties desirous of joining , among whom we may enumerate the carpet weavers in and around Durham , and a numerous body of miners in the same district . Applications have also been received from tho United Body of Journeymen Shoemakers of Carlisle , who express themselves now prepared to carry out the resolution passed by them in March last , of joining tho National Association .

      "We trust we shall bo able , from tune to time , through the kindness of the proprietor and editors of the "Northern Star , ' to give equally favourable reports of progress . Manchester and Birmingham we know were never in a position so favourable for the consideration and reception of our principles , and from letters from tho neighbourhood of Halifax , Ripponden , &c , we le-avn that the proceedings of the

      ate Conferencchavcgiven uumixedsatisfacetion , and inspired thcoi with renewed hope . The Central Committee , on their part , are determined to spare no efforts to improve these highly encouraging symptoms , and , by assiduous attention to the duties of their important mission , to prove themselves worthy of the high privilege of conducting this the most important experiment in the history of labour , to a successful and glorious termination .

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      TIIE TERSE CUTED ItAZOR GRINDERS OF SHEFFIELD . A numerous public meeting of the Trades of London if . is held at the National ILill , High Holborn , on Wednesday evening , to consider the case of Mr . John Drury and his compatriots , who were prosecuted by the Manufacturers Protection Society of Sheffield . ik . A . Campbell having been called to the chair , stated the objects for which the meeting had assembled , and called upon Mr . Mark Lancaster , one of a deputation from Sheffield , to address the meeting . Mr . Lancaster said , that for the last two years great depression of trade had prevailed . The twenty-five organised trades in Sheffield , when in full employ could boast of possessing to the amount of ^ O 000 . but from the depression such was not

      now tho case , and hence , as the expenses were very heavy they were obliged to apply to their friends at ; i distance . Mr . Lancaster read a letter from Sheffield , showing tllO awful depression that prevailed , and trusted that would be sufficient apology for their appeal to the men of London . The . orgaised Trades of Sheffield had uphold their rights , and tho masters were using their utmost exertions to put down and destroy the just influence of working men . The brothers Eastcott had been tried some eighteen or twenty months ago , and found g uilty of destroyin " tools and other property of their fellowworkmen , called Biw ' shiuv , and sentenced to seven years' transportation . These men were not defended bv the Trades simply because the Trades believed them guilty , and while in York . Castle , in order to save themselves from their fate , they incriminated Messrs . Dray , Bullos , and others , in an alleged act of councilling destruction of property , &c . This was done through a magistrate named Overcnd , who had declared lie would convict in any case

      acainst Trades Unionists . Mr . Laxcasijek quoted the evidence given by Alex . Eastcott , showing its glaring inconsistency , yet upon such evidence as this was John Drury convicted Tho Easteotts wero the men who had actually committed the deed , and one of them admitted that lie had been a principal in no less than seventy similar cases of destruction . ( Hear , hear . ) Such was the nature of tho evidence that their solicitor thought no rebutting evidence necessary , but that an acquittal was certain . The ; jiu-y , however , brought in a verdict of " Guilty , " and the judge Over Stepped the bounds of law , by making the sen ence ten year ' s transport ation ; they had sent to SirGeoi-e Grey , who kept the papers six weeks , and said he commuted the . punishment to seven years instead of ten- ( laug hter ) -but they immediately wrote to SiV George Grey , stating that they had not asked and did not . ¦ .

      Mr Roberts , another delegate , said , so much were the men respected thab some persons had offered themselves as bail to the amount of £ 700 and £ S 00 , provided they put in the p lea they did ; and from the manner this meeting had received his explanation he was sure they were satisfied with the course pursued . The Easteotts were at liberty and had returned , and were now wallowing amidst all tho luxuries of a public-house . The committee had evidence to prove the innocence of Drury and his companions . He challenged the Sheffield manufacturers to contest the matter , and he would undertake to pi'OVD that emp loyers set their men to break the machinery , With a view to suppress Trade Unions . ( Greatcheering . ) ¦ . ¦ i 1

      , „ .. ™ .., -. Mr . Edwards moved , andMr . "Wood seconded , and Mr . Tooney sup ported , the following resolution : — " That it is the op inion of this meeting that while the preponderating power and influence of capital is exercised against the poverty , division , and consequent weakness of the working classes , injustice , tyranny , and abuse will continue . The case of the ltazor-Grind ers , ( Messrs . Drury , Maraden , Bullw ,

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      and Hall , ) now under consideration , is , therefore , the case of every mechanic , operative , and 1 iboui c * in the country , the more so as no one can feel his liberty secure , when ( as in this case ) the villany of the felon is associated with a combination of wealtii and station . " Mr . Thomas Clark , of the Executive , moved tho following resolution ;— " That the protracted sufferings of the prisoners in question , tho object s e ' V the prosecution—namcJy , the suppression of Irades Unions , and the avidity evinced to deprive them of future liberty , entitle them to tho deep sympathies of the Trades of the kingdom , and that , in consid eration of the inability of the poor man to purchase English law individually , it is resolved , that the London Trades be requested by tin ' s meeting to render all tho pecuniary assistance in their power , and forward the same to the Defence Committee , Bell Inn , Old Bailey , without delay . "

      The resolution having been secondedand supported , was carried ; Thanks having been voted to the proprietor of the Northern Sta ;' , und to the chairman , the meeting separated .

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      THE MIXERS OP TIIE NORTH . A deZcgaCc meeting of the Miners of Xorthumbsrland and Durham took place on Saturday last , at the Ceclc Inn , head of the Side , Newcastle , when ; i numerous accession of delegates were present from the Wear and Tees Collieries . The money contributions having been paid in , it was resolved , " To engage three more hdurcrs , there bring so many collieries desirous of their services-, " The next business was to appoint the route of the different agents , which resulted in appointing € ? , Hardy , to the Tyne ; and the old veteran—Emb . leton , with Wilson , A . Stove , &c , t © the Wear and Tees . It

      was also agreed , by a large majority , " That no exchange of lecturers take place at " prcssnt . " The delegates then resolved , " That in consequence of some of the Trimdon men now on strike , applying to uollieries in union for support , and thus preventing the money coming to the general board , that the practice be discontinued , .-uid that all ' collieries in . union forward their contributions for the unemployed to the general board , that the same- may be fairly applied . " The delegate from Brancepeth announced " , that a . clause in the new bond provided that any minor seen in the company of union men , or having : joined the same , should forfeit all -wages earned .

      The chairman then announced , that when at the meeting of the Wall's-End men , they iinaiiiaiously resolved , " That a vote of thanks be g iven to the Editor of the Northern Star , for giving publicity to their proceedings ; . and that we recommend our brother jniiiei's to support that pfvper , in preference to those journals which decline noticing either them or their proceedings . " The unfortunate calamity at Hcbburn was- then duly considered , and a resolution agreed to , * That a letter be forwarded to Lord Brougham , to bring the same before the House of Lovds . " It was then resolved , ' ' That the next delegate meeting be held at Durham , at the Greyhound Inn , Claypath . Chair to be taken at ten o ' clock a . m . " M . Ju » z , Chairman .

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      IMPORTANT FROM FRANCE . PARIS IN MILITARY OCCUPATION . ( From the Globe . ) Paris , Wednesday Afternoon . —This is another lamentable day for Paris and Prance . All tho working men are out of doors—bodies of troops are parading to and fro—great part of the Rational Guards arc under arms—the gardens of the Tuilcries , the Place de Carrousel , the Palace of the President , the Place Yendome , the principal public buildings , tho mairics , Ac , are occupied bv soldiery—all the shops are closed—business is entirely suspended—in a word , imeuie is again raging , bufc up to this moment ( three o ' clock ) without

      barricades , and without slaughter . It is said , indeed , that some shots hove boon oxdiann-ed between the gendarmerie and the people , and that some of the mob have fired on the commandants of tho troops ; but even if this bo true , there lias , I repeat , been no regular conflict , The whole town , however , is in a state of tremendous excitement , and there is no saying what may happen . Nearly all the lied journals of this morning contain violent excitations to ttie people from the representatives of the Mountain , from the Democratic and Socialist Committee , from tho Committee of the Schools , the Hepublican wress , &c , Ac .

      A grand pacific demonstration , in favour , of the Constitution , took place this morning . A great number of National Guards in uniform ( among whom were several officers—some of them of superior rank ) but without arms , and a vast crowd of people of diticruut classes , but chiefly workmen in blouses , assembled at the Chateau ' d'Eau on the Boulevards , and after foncing themselves in procession , descended the Boulevards in ranks of eight or ten , arm-in-arm . A few National Guards walked first , to clear the way for the procession , which they did by simpl y waving their hands for the people to stand aside . At the head of the procession was a row of National Guards , in the centre of whoni was Colonel Forcstier ( whose

      arrcsfc some time ago by the government created great sensation ) , : iml one or two superior officers . Eticmie Arago was also at the head of the procession , which included from 12 , 000 to 15 , 000 National Guards . The procession advanced down tho centre of the Boulevards with a grave and solemn step , as if engaged in a funeral ceremony . At intervals , however , it stopped , and raised a loud shout of "Vive la Constitution I" after vrh ' ch it again slowly wended its way . On arriving at the corner of the Rue do la Paix , where a detachment of the National Guards was stationed , the procession stopped , and the multitude forming it , taking oti : then- hats , again shouted " Vive la Constitution !"

      At tho same moment strong detachments ol Lancers Dragoons , etc ., headed by General Changarnier and the Prefect of Police , galloped down the street . The body was broken by the troops , one party withdrawing by the small .-treets leading down from the Boulevard , and the rest towards the Madeleine . Some accidents occurred whilst the cavalry was proceeding down the Boulevards ; one dragoon being hurt by a fall , and a National Guard having had his face Gut with a sabre . The passages rcnintncd uninterrupted in the neighbourhood of the Rue de la Paix . The demonstration , we understand , bore with them a petition to tho Legislative Assembly against the war at Rome .

      Oil the procession being dispersed , and the crowd being separated in the different streets , they immediately setup a cry of " Aux armes ! " and with this cry retreated to their different arrondissenients . Opposite the Cafe de Paris , in the Boulevard des Italians , an attempt was made to form a barricade . An omnibus and a carriage were seized and upset by the mob , who commenced to pull up the pavement , but some of the Tirailleurs ile Viucennes , c omiug up at the moment , charged with their bayonets , and set the insurgents at once to flight . At half-past three there was some firing in tho direction of the Bastille . The Porte St . Martin is quiet , but the streets arc filled with troop s , who are apparently to bivouack . theit all night , as

      they are fully supplied with rations and provender for their horses . It is said that the insurgents commenced making barricades in the neig hbourhood of tho Ualles . but that they have been put down by the troops . It is announced that the artillery of the National Guards , which is known for its adherence io tho principles of the lied Republicans , endeavoured to seize upon , the cannon and to hand them over to the insurgents , but that General Changarnier , having got notice of their intention , seized upon the cannon . An order has been issued for the arrest of Colonel Guinard , who is said to have given the orders for the delivery of-thc cannon to the insurgents . Orders were given last night for tno National Guards to turn out this morning at eleven o ' clock , in case of need , and in was intimated that the rappd should not bo beaten . It has been remarked

      that comparatively very lew obeyed the order . In tho 10 th Legion , of one battalion , consisting of 5 , 000 men only twenty-three appeared at the place of rendezvous , and in the 7 th Legion tho attendance was still worse . In all tho Legions , the indifference and coldness of the National Guards was remarked as a bad indication of the state of public opinion on tho part of tho public as respects the government policy . The President and Ministry have demanded of the Assembly a law to p lace Paris in a state of siege . Felix Pyat and Theodore Bac , two of the members of the Mountain , have been arrested . It . is rumoured that Etinne Arago , ' Considerant , and Lcdru Itollin have also been arrested . . It is stated that in the Hue de hi Paix a National Guard , seeing a body of Cuirassiers coming down with drawn swords , opened his coat with both hands , and , standing in the middle of the road bared his breast . A Cuirassier transfixed him as he passed .

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      French Intervention in Italy , —A public meet * in" - was held on Thursday evening , in the National Hall , Holborn , when resolutions sympathising with the Romans and condemning the French intervention in Italy were adopted . A c&mmittce was appointed to receive funds for the purpose of assisting the Italians in their struggle , and thanks having been given to the chairman , the proceedings terminated with three cheers for the Italian Ilepublio , and a li-. beral collection on the spot . The meeting was addressed by Messrs . Moore , Hawkes , Buchanan , Lloyd Jones , Shaea , and Dr . Eppa . '' j ^ tif ^ s <

      The Distins , the celebrated s ® j ^^^^^ P > L §§ have heen received in America # f aggaP r ^ s ^ rflW the musical . worhj < They i ^ mmmM ^ V ^ to Enguuui , ; - < ¦ mmS ^ m A ^

      i i fltS' i

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      _ J . Fletcher , a respectable looking youth , -was charged "with picking the pocket of a gentleman iamed Cook , ia St . Peter ' s Church , "Walworth . — The prosecutor stated that on Sunday last he attended the morning service at St . Peter ' s Church , Wahvorth-road , and at the conclusion of the service le felt a twitch at Ms pocket , and discovered that Ms Aandkerchief , which ieiad used but a moment Or two before , was gone , Observing the prisoner eadeavonr to shuffle among the congr egation coming out of the church , he at once suspected Jam , and Jhallen-ed Mm with the robbery . The prisoner , finding there was no chance for escape , took the iandkercMef out of Ms hat , said he had picked it up , and hoped he would not g ive him into custody . The witness added that the prisoner had been in the same pew with Mm during the service . —Sergeant Qaenner said he was present at the assizes at 2 iii < rstonwhen the prisoner was found guilty of felony and a former conviction having been proved , le was sentenced to eighteen months' imprisonment . Mr Norton fully committed the prisoner for trial . 1

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      — . —i^——THE FRATERNAL DEMOCRATS ( Assembling is London ) TO THE PEOPLE OF FRANCE . FEEXCHMEN , BltOTHEHS , — The vote of the Legislative Assembly on the 11 th of June , by which the majority of that body declared their adherence to the treasonable policy of the President of your Republic , has filled us with profound grief , and excited our most auxious apprehensions for the stability of your democratic institutions , and the cause of Liberty throughout Europe .

      The attack upon Rome , by your troops , is beyond all question the most disgraceful act in the history of your country . ' General Oudinot , and the renegade ' Obillou BAEKor , may pretend tliat the " honour" of France demands the slaughter of the Republicans of Rome , but no sophistry can blind the human race to the fact , that the attempt of French Republican soldiers to drown the Roman Republic in the blood of its heroic defenders , is an atrocity so infamo us that France will be for ever dishonoured in the eyes of mankind , unless you at once reverse the policy of your traitorous Pkesidenx , and punish him and his guilty confederates , for their violation of the Constitution—their betrayal of the interests of France—and their horrible

      conspiracy against the liberties and happiness ol all nations . Astonished and grieved at the choice you made on the 10 th of December last , we have not been at all astonished at the subsequent conduct of the bastard Buonaparte , the would-be Louis XIX . When in this country , we knew him to be the confederate of the most disreputable section of our selfish , heartless , Franceand-Freedom hating -aristocracy . We saw

      him on the 10 th of April , 1848 , whilst yet skulking on these shores , enrol himself in the ranks of our hated oligarchy—banded in an unholy alliance to keep the people of this country in serfdom and misery . Since his elevation to the Presidency of the Republic , he has acted as the "Special Constable" of Europe . Here ho made himself the tool of our usurping aristocrats ; at the head of the French Republic he has made himself the tool of the crowned assassins of Europe .

      Behold the results of the fatal vote of the 10 th of December : Piedmont abandoned , and Lombardylost ; Sicily betrayed and crushed j Venice deserted and left to a hopeless struggle against the overwhelming force of Austria ; the bombardment of Bologna and Ancona by the Austrians , and the invasion of the Roman States by Neapolitan cut-throats , and Spanish brigands , connived at by your government ; lastly , the twice-renewed attack upon Home , in which torrents of blood have flowed—the blood of those

      who should be brethren , of those who should shed their blood only when fighting on the same side , and for a common cause . O wrong ! O shame ! O infamy eternal to France ! if you , Frenchmen , do not crush the traitors , and hasten to staunch the blood of Republican Rome . It is true the policy of Prince , President , Louis XIX . has gained something ; has gained for France the applause of the English Government , the approving smiles of the English aristocracy ; it has gained , too , the recognition of the Republic by Russia . But you Lave not yet paid the full price you will have to pay for the approbation of the English aristocracy , and the good will of the Muscovite

      miscreant . Permit your President and his inlamous ministers to continue their present course , and you will be condemned to witness Hungary Polandised , without you being permitted even to remonstrate : and , worse still , you will he called upon to repeat the dismal Roman tragedy , by sending your soldiers to the Rhine —not to resuscitate the past greatness of France—but to assist the royal butchers of Prussia , Saxony , Hanover , and Bavaria in perpetrating a St . Bartholomew of the Republicans of Germany . In conclusion , for all these services , you may expect that your trai torous President will have the help of English intrigue , and Russian force , to establish his bastard ambition upon the ruins of your Republic .

      Now is the time to save yourselves , your country , and mankind . Buonaparte and his ministers have violated the Constitution , and the members of the Right of the Assembly have , made themselves parties to that violation . But the Constitution is above majorities , and if the majority betray their trust , it is for the minority to take the place . of the majority , and it is for you to support that minority—the only true representatives of the people , and defenders of the Commonwealth . .

      If the National Guards of Paris will do their duty , Justice and the Constitution will triumph without a sword being drawn ; but should blood aVain flow , on the heads of the traitor BuonarARTE and his traitorous ministers will rest the responsibility . -- ' God save France and Italy . ' Long live the French and Roman Republics ! Hurrah for tho Fraternity of Nations ! Honour to Ledru Roixin ! Honour to the Mountain J Vive la Republique Democratique et Sociale I Signed by the Committee ,

      James Ghassby , President , John Godwin , Augustus Piercy , John Arnott , H . P . Child , Edmund Stallwood , John Clark , ¦ William- Shutb , John Milne , Henry Ross , Alfred A . Walton . a . JULIAN HARNEY , Secretary . London , June 13 th , 1849 .

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      On 'Wcduesday , a host of small bills have tern forwarded a stage , amongst which Is Mi-. JIoffati ' s hill for excluding Insolvent and Bankrupt Members from Parliament . "Whatever may be the technical form of the bill , 1 Jnt is its int : id , ? nd we quite agree Trittt Sir W . GW , who moved the rejection of the measure , tliatin tills country we worship ^ Mammon earnestly enough already , without setting up the l > rcechcs poctct as the lean ideal of Parliamentary iitness . Xo doubt every man should pay his debts , Irat it is too bad that a man who cannot do so , should be declared as unfit for the discnargc of the duties of a representative , and , in fact , have a moral Stigma thrown upon Ms character because of a pecuniarv defect . It is , however , not at all improbable that the bill will be defeated in Committee . The majority for the second reading -vms a small one , in a ildn House .

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      S ¦ June 16 , 1849 . ^ — - — ^ ™* NORTHERN STAR .

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), June 16, 1849, page 5, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1526/page/5/