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Northern Star (1837-1852), 7th April 1849, Edition 1 of 3, Page 4, THE OftEAPXRT BD1T1OV ZTR TWJM1OSD. Priosls. fid., A n«w and «leK*nt edition, with Steel PJa*» of Uu Author, of PAIHE'S POLITICAL WORKS.

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    • 3T0 erorrcwuoewtf.
    • THE NORTHERN STAR. SATUBDAY, APRIL 7i IS49.
    • DESTRUCTIVE FIItES.
    • SEiV" TALE BY G. W. 3L KEVNOLDS. An excellent opportunity now presents itself for new subscribers to commence taking in BEYNOLDS'S MISCELLANY. Edited by G. W. M. Retoolm.
    • THE OftEAPXRT BD1T1OV ZTR TWJM1OSD. Priosls. fid., A n«w and «leK*nt edition, with Steel PJa*» of Uu Author, of PAIHE'S POLITICAL WORKS.
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      Untitled Ad

      Author of the First and Second Series of "The Mysteries of London , " "Faust , " "Wagner , the Wenr-volf , " "The Mysteries of tlie Court of London , " &c , &c . : In Xo . 3 S , lately published , commenced an entirely new and original romance , l > v Geobge W . JL Beixolds , entifled

      Untitled Ad

      TO TAILORS . Bt tpprobatirm of Iler Majesty QueenTictoria and His " Hoval Highness Prince Albert . > "ow Ready , THE LOXDOX and PARIS SPRING and SUILMBR PASHIOKS for 1849 , by Messrs . BENJAMIXBEAD and Co ., 12 , Hart-3 treet , Bloomsbury-sa uare , London ; and bv GEORGE BERGEE , Holyurell-street , Strand : a splendid MIXT , elaborately finished , and superbly coloured , the LANDSCAPE , a correct view iu the Queen ' s Botanical Gardens , London , ( by special permission , ) the most magnificent place in Europe . This beautiful picture will be accompanied with the most novel , good fitting , and foslii . v . iable l ) re * , Riding , Frock , and Hunting Coat Patterns , both double and single-breasted ; Hussar ' s or Youth ' s round Jackets , plain and with skirts ; single and double-breasted Uress , Morning and Evening Waistcoats :

      Untitled Ad

      TO THE DEMOCRATS OF GREAT BRITAIN . FTHERE . will uc " DIS P OSED OF , by X SUBSCRIPTION , on tlie principle of the Art-Unions , TWO BEAUTIFUL PLAIDS , OF O'COXXOR AND DCXCOMBE TARTAXS . They are of this fiuust quality , are suited for the wear oi either * Lady or Gentleman ; and will lie , for inspection , at the shop of Mr . Umuiaiid Bubkitt , stationer , 177 , Fountain Bridge , Edinburgh . They will be forwarded to die successful subscriber bj such conveyance as he may desire . The ubSCription Sitle Will take place In Ross ' s University Temperance Hotel , 59 , South Bridge , on the ISthof April , ar Seven o ' clock ia the Evening . . Proceeds to Ire given to the Victim funds of England and Scotland . 5 CDscBiFnoss : —Sco-exce each , to be i > aj < l or remitted in Postage Stamps or Post-office Orders , to Mv . Burkett , as above . Regarding the above we beg leave to intimate that , havingreceived commuuitatwas from several quarters requesting ws to postpone tlie inviug away of the prizes for afew weeks longer , as many are desirous of becoming subicribers , but cannot at present , in consequence of some being paid but once a fortnight , and others but once a month , the comniitK tliusk it judicious to postpone the same for a fortnight—the ISth of April ,

      Untitled Ad

      A BARGAIN . O *\ E PADD-UP FOUR-ACRE SHARE in the National Laud Company . Pries , £ 3 . Direct to IV . G . Baker , 52 , Georgu ' s-grove , Holloway .

      Untitled Ad

      TO BE SOLD , A FOUR-ACBE SHARE in the jSTatiooial -QL Land Company . Any reasonable offer wiR be accepted , as the bolder is about to emigrate to America . For particulars , appl . v , ( if by letter prepaid ; , to 3 fr . John Denicomte , 17 , little Grosvenor-street , Berkeleysquare .

      Untitled Ad

      OCONNORVILLE . TO BE SOLD , THE RIGHT OF LOCATION of a TWO-ACHE ALLOTMENT in a good situation and much uui'rorcd , with a large Outhouse , Pigsties , Iron Boiler , and every other convenience , with a certainty of a plentiful supply of water . One Acre of the land is cropped wiih winter wheat , and the rest is ready for spring Operations , "with Seed , pyiatoes , and manure . Immediate possession may be had for the sum of £ 15 . Farther information may he had by applying ( if by letter post-paid aud stim ]> for reply ) to Jlr . John Hornby , Ko . 15 , XortlianVa-builuiug 5 , Skinner-street , Somers-town , London .

      Untitled Ad

      Now Ready , a New Edition of MR . O'CONNOR'S WORK ON SMALL FARMS . Just published , No . III . Price SixmcE , THE COMMONWEALTH : A MONTHLY RECORD OF DEMOCRATIC , SOCIAL & INDUSTRIAL PROGRESS "THE COMMONWEALTH" will be the Representative ef the Chartists , Socialist * , and Trades' UnionUU , ia tha Monthly Press . COVTEMTg ; 1 . What is to be done with Ireland ? 2 . The Tfesrer ' s Daughter . 3 . Extinction of Pauperism . 4 . Popular Cause in Europe . 5 . Social Effects of Peasant Proprietorship . 6 . The Hero . 7 . Events of the Month . Communications for the Editor , Books for Review , Ice , to be forwarded to the Office , 16 , Great WindmiU-strert , Hay-market , London . Sold byJ . Watson , Queen ' s Head Passage , Paternosterrow , London ; A . Hey wood , Oldbam-street , Manchester ; and Love and Co ., 5 , Nelson-street , Glasgow . And bj all Booksellers in Towa and Country .

      Untitled Article

      Serious Fhie axd Explosiox is Souihwark . — On ilouday evening , about six o ' clock , a fire broke cut in the oil and colour warehouse belonging to Mr . Tiffinrd , So . 25 , Great Suffolk-stveet , nearly adjoining the Grapes Music Hall , Southward . Tlie building , although of limited frontage , extended backwards a great distance , and were stored with oils , turpenime , sulphur , and other articles equally combustible , independent of which there was a large quantity of gunpowder in the shop and upper part of a warehouse . The fire originated in the cellar , but from "what cause could noi he ascertained . "Whilst Mr . Tilliard and his son , a young man , were standing in the shop they were astonished at finding the flooring move as if shaken by a smart explosion . They hiuantlv went below to ascertain the cause , ¦ when ther found the cclliir in one complete sheet

      of fire . They retreated as they could , but the flames followed so ' rapidly that they were nearly circled irith them . Having ; gained the shop the fire broke through the floor in various places , and ignited everything with which it came in contact . At that time There was a dxiusrhter of Mr . Tilliard ' s on the premise ? , together with a boy about eight 01 ' nine years of age , with his sister about five years old , and the shop-boy . " With great difficulty they succeeded in getting into the yard with their clothes on fire . By the exertions of the neighbours and Mr . Tilliard they were dragged out of the place , and were assisted over the ~ back wall into Revel's-row , and the flames about their bodies were extinguished . This had hardly been accomplished when a loud explosion took place in the shop , by which the lad in Mr , Tilliard ' 3 employ was thrown down and his head severelveut . lie was immediately removed to

      Guy ' s Hospital , where he at present remains . — Engines quickly arrived , but no water could be proenrcd from the mains in the district . The fire flavin : ; readied the upper floor prior to the al ' ri Wll of the firemen , it shortly afterwards penetrated the casks filled with gunpowder , when a loud explosion took place , the noise of which could be distinctly heard in the city and in most parts of the metropolis . At the same time the roof was lifted high into the air r » i < J scattered to pieces . The front wall and the "various floors wore simultaneously hurled below , and numerous parties passing along or standing near the premises were thrown down , and several must have been severely injured by the falling of the bricks and timber . The noise occasioned by the

      explosion had barely subsided , when the house irom the base to the top presented one body of flame . After the lapsa of twenty minutes or half an hour -water was obtained , and the whole of the firemen Laving set to woi-k , they succeeded by nine o ' clock in getting the flames entirely extinguished , when upon an examination being made the damage done ¦ was found to be most extensive . —Independent of the total destruction of Mr . Tilliard ' s premises and their contents , nearly a dozen other buildings are damaged . Amongst the number are the premises belonging to Sir . Preecej and called the Surrey Harmonic flail , in which the valuable chandeliers and plate glass in the picture gallery are broken by the force of the explosion . The premises of Mr .

      Deprose , general salesman , io . 37 , in the same thoroughfare . The King ' s Arms tavern , belonging to Mr . Chedjoy ( opposite ) , has the front damaged by fire , and the windows broken by the explosion . Mrs . J . Sanders , confectioner , has part of her premises injured , the glass vases and cases in the shop are demolished , and the windows destroyed . The "Windsor Custle tavern , and several houses in Revel ' srow , at the real' of Mr . Tilliard ' s premises , are likewise damaged . —Mr . Tilliard , who was partially insured in the Sun Fire-office , will lose upwards of £ 1 , 000 beyond the sum he was insured for . YiBE is Lambeth . —About one hour previous to the above fire taking place another occurred at the hat factory of Messrs . Ashlin and Son . 55 .

      Onrnwall-road , Lambeth . It began in the proof-maker ' s shop , in consequence of the boiling over of a copper of composition used in rendering the hats waterproof . The material being of a very inflammable « wH ?* « W L i ° P ^ ent soon became one Sheet of fire . At that period five persons were on toe premises , and they were quickly surrounded with flame ; and before they could effect their escape , they were all more or less injured , two of the xrarehousemen bang so badl y burned as to be obliged to be taken to Guy ' s Hospital . The engines were unable to get the masterv over the fire until the proofmakers shop was nearly burned out , and the bodyniakera' shop and contents damaged by heat , &e . Tiefirm , itis understood . was . insured .

      Untitled Article

      Mr . Ktdd , —It was stated in last Saturday ' s Star that Mr . Kydd's letter was unavoidably postponed . It appears in this day ' s paper . We have received the following : —Sib , —I have had my band in my pocket for years supporting the cause of Chartism , and yet you hare not given me an answer to a question forwarded to you tores woeks ago , and for which I paid a penny , it was as follows : — I owe a few pounds to a few creditors , ( one is a loan society , ) I am obliged to go out of the country : if they ascertain this can they stop my good * on board , or arrest mo , and hOW SOOtt could they obtain power to do either ? I should teU you that the paper I signed for the loan declares that the furniture in my house is mine . I am too poor to pay for the information required . I shall feel extremely Obliged to you for the answer . Yours , Tery sincerely , T . E ., iMe End .

      [ The impudent assurance of the writer of tho above is , we should suppose , almo 3 t matchless . He has had " Ms hand in nis pocket , ( fee , " and tlierefore he expects us to give him legal advice . We have nothing to do with law matters , and therefore were we disposed to serve him could not do so . But if we know as much of the law as tho Attorney-General is supposed to know , we would see T . E at Jericho , before we would give him any other answer than the folio whig : —If T . E . designs to play the swindler ' s game we trust that he will suffer both in goods and person . "We strongly doubt that such a man would put his hand into his pocket to support any good cause . Bui b © that as it may , we tell him that Chartism would only be dishonoured by his support . Kogues and swindlers may call themselves Chartists , but true Chartists will denounce and repudiate all such false friends and real enemies to

      our sacred cause . ] 3 Ir . Bubkett , Edinburgh . —We have received the list of seventy-one subscribers to the Tartans ; but it would be impossible for us to find space to attach their names and residences to the advertisement . Messrs . Stkes and Lockie , Beeford—Must send copies of the advertisements , with 4 s . 6 d . each for insertion . Many persons write as though the NorQitrn Star was the property of the Land Company , and think we are bound to write advertisements , insert them gratis , and transact their business by communicating with applicants . They are labouring under very erroneous notions , and must brook disappointment . W . Sanderson " , Galasliiels . — We received it at the office ,

      but did not forward it as directed . Poor man ! we pity you , but cannot serve you by delivering your sleepy epistle . Your dream was returned by following post . If not known among Chartists , " don't rob your employer of time by looking after other people ' s affairs . AVe are sure the Chartists will not trouble you , only remain in your obscurity . Baalam's ass might have a can , but he was more sagacious than you . James Febset , Netherton . We cannot answer JOUT QUOS . tion . You had better search the old Stars in the possession of some of jour neighbours . Geokge Desiais , Bradford . —We did not insert your former letter because our columns were otherwise occupied , and for the same reason we cannot insert your present

      communication , Robert Rams , and N . n . C . S . —We cannot answer your questions . OiDHAM . —All Chartist communications must be addressed to the Secretary , Mr . James Cooper , 12 , Katcliffc-street , near the Church , Oldham . Jons Hattox , Oldham . —Yes ; but it is seldom enforced if it is not the general occupation by which you live . We have frequently staied that « 'e CAUUOt answer lDgal questions . J . Sweet acknowledges the receipt ef the following sums , sent herewith : viz . —Fob Defence Fimo . —Mr . Knott , 3 d . ; Jlr . Perkins , 2 d . Fob Victim Fond . —Mr . Chipindale , Gd . ; Mr . Hall , Id .

      Untitled Article

      NOTICE TO LAND MEMBERS . Kbticc is hereby given , that every occupant upon the Company ' s Estates , whether he bo tenant or purchaser , and who has not refunded the amount due to the Company upon taking possession , will De served with an ejectment , and will ho ousted in the approaching term , and no exception whatever will he made .

      Untitled Article

      " The folly of to-day is the wisdom , of the morrow !" HOPE FO R T HE MILLION S . THE LAND . 2 Cever was the maxim , that " the folly of to-day may do tlie wisdom of the morrow , " more aptly or happily illustrated thau in the dissipation of that lowering cloud which so long hovered over and mystified the senses of prominent Free Traders , as regards the Laud , its value , and capabilities . " Every dog will have his day , and now for Bull y , " is an old Irish phrase . " It is a long lane that has no turn , " is as old an English p hrase ; and the truth of both has been realised in the satisfaction that our readers will derive from the perusal of the following advertisement , which appeared in the " Daily News" of last week , as well as in other metropolitan , and several provincial , papers . Here follows the gem : — ¦ FREEHOLDS FOR THE MILLION . TWO ACRE 3 OF FREEHOLD LAND FOR £ 25 10 s . TVTORTHAMPTON AND MIDLAND 1 \ COUNTIES FREEHOLD LAND ASSOCIATION .

      TATBOXS . RICHARD COBDEN , Esq ., M . P . WILLIAM SCHOLEFIELD , Esq ., M . P ., Birmingham . Bankebs . — The Northamptonshire Union Joint Stock Banking Company , Solicitor . — Mr . G . Coolie , Koithampton . Secretary . —Mr . Frederick Parker , Wood-street , . Northampton . " Union is Strength . " " Counties must be won before the House of Commons can be Reformed , and a Cheap Government Established . " The object of this Society is to unite and procure county votes for the middle classes , and to elevate the working man to the suffrage by possessing a freehold of his own , and it is fervently ; hoped that those who appreciate an extension of the franchise and -who -value a freehold -will Immediately become members .

      From the liberal politician and free trader the promoters of the Northampton and Midland Counties Freehold Land Association expect every encouragement . Arrangements have been made , and near 1 , 000 acres of freehold land secured in a midland county , which it is proposed to divide into 450 lots of two acres each , of equal value : these lots ( supposing , for instance , the first allotment to be 200 lota or shares ) shall be offered to the first 200 members good upon the books according to seniority of membership , and if any member would prefer to bo omitted , the shares to be offered to the next member , until 200 members are found -willing to ballot for the said lots , and so on until the whole 450 lots are disposed of .

      The Society will be able to sell out two acres of this land to each member for £ 2510 s ., which sum will include the costs of . the conveyance . It is proposed that each member shall pay 10 s . per month , so that in four years—at that rate of paymentevery member good upon the books will be in possession of two acres of freehold land , upon which he can build a cottage and cultivate the land , himself , or he can let it at a rent of £ 110 s . per acre , thus inaMng a gooa investment , and securing a rote for the county . Any member may , however , at any time , pay up the whole amount , and have his conveyance handed to nun ; or a member having paid a part of his subscriptisns , and being anxious to have his two acres , may , by giving a mortgage to the society , flave it conveyed . The ballot for the lots will be as follows : —The names of &e members will bo placed in a box and drawn singly ; the first name drawn will take the two acres marked " No . 1 , " the second "No . 2 , " and so on until all are drawn . The deeds will then be made , and the mortgage ( if necessary ) executed to the trustees , for the repayment of the amount due upon the land .

      From practical experience it is known that an industrioui man may support himself , wife , and femiZy , upon two acres of land . WORKING MEN OF ENGLAND . '—To you this appeal is made . Tour own enfranchisement is within your reach ; be independent and noble-minded . The British Legislature , by a great majority , told Joseph Hume , Esq ., M . P ., you , " the Working Men of England , " were unworthy of a vote , " and denied you the ri ght to possess it . Cease to ask tor that which you can by jour frugality obtain . To the cause of jour own freedom you are invited : to the

      Untitled Article

      brilliant deed of your own political redemption you are now challenged . The House of Commons will not reform itself ; the work is the people ' s . Counties must be won to make the House of Commons in practice what now it is only in theory" The House of the People . " No person to hold more than five shares . Applications for shares { post-paid ) to be made to the solicitor ; Mr Parker , the secretary ; Mr . James Taylor , the secretary to the Birmingham Freehold Land Society , Newhall-street , Birminghnm . Name , residence , and business , to be correctly stated in applications for shares .

      So soon as the shares are taken a president , trustees , treasurer , and a committee , will be chosen by the shareholders to conduct the business of the society . Persons residing in any part of England may become shareholders ) as non-residence does not disqualify a voter . Northampton , March 20 , 18 « . Header , what think you now of Bully and the long lane ? Do you not think that Bully's day is come , and that tho longlaae has hadits turn ? "We give the above , however , not as the text of a violent sermon , or acrimonious criticism upon the propomiders , but as proof of tho fact , that "thefollyofto-daymaybethe wisdom of the morrow . "

      So far from treating this project or its projectors with harshness or vituperation , we congratulate them upon the restoration of their senses , and hail them as co-operators in the great and glorious work of man ' s redemption and their country ' s regeneration . Unlike our contemporaries , we publish the advertisement without charge ; while the absence of newspaper abuse of this plan is based upon the fact , that they will derive benefit from its adoption .

      Let us now analyse the main features of this promised "liberty to the millions , " and let us contrast them with those of the universally reviled Land Plan ; while it must be understood by our readers , that we are prepared to adopt as a truism , and most easy of solution , every promise held out by the projectors . When the National Land Company was first propounded , the chief objections urged against it were—Firstly . —The impossibility of purchasing Land in England at 18 / . 15 s . per acre , followed by the most unmerciful reproaches upon the head of the juggler who would consign his dupes to bog , rock , or waste Land , to starve or eke out a miserable pauper ' s

      existence . Secondly . — The impossibility of the most industrious man supporting himself and family upon two , three , or even tour acres of the best Land in England , without paying rent , rates , or taxes . Such were the general objections published by the Press , adopted and promulgated by philanthropic Free Traders against the National Land Company . But now , alas ! how changed the scene , how compkte Out justification , and how enlig htened have those philanthropists become , when freeholds for the millions are

      necessary to confer political power upon their masters . Now , we find that Land can be purchased for 11 ? . an acre , as the new ( Society proposes to sell out and out two acres of enfranchised Land—of "Happy Land "—for 251 . 10 s ., including the cost of conveyance , which , if we estimate at 3 / . 10 s ., reduces the price of the Land to 11 / . per acre ; while those who were told that Land could be purchased for 18 / . 15 * . an acre , were juggled , cheated , and deceived— in fact , that it was " a mockery , a delusion , and a snare ; " but we go farther into

      the consideration of this great and important question , which , as we predicted , is now occupying every mind , and has become the question of questions ; and what do we discover ? Why , that an acre of Land costing 11 ? ., will readily secure a tenant at 1 / . 10 j > . a-year , or will pay the lessor a fraction more than thirteen and a-half per cent ., as interest for his moneythat is , the man who expends 0 QI . in the purchase of Land at 11 / . an acre , if he receives II . 10 s . an acre for the nmeacres so purchased , will derive an income of 13 / . 10 * . a-year from the 992 . thus expended .

      Now , far be it from us to deny the fact , that an industrious man will support himself , his wife and family , and pay 8 / . a year rent tor two acres of Land , that cost only 11 / . per acre ; but we go further , and assert , that the occupant will he ablo to give continuous employment to a hired labourer , who will be able to support himself , his wife , and family . And we go still further , and we defy contradiction , that in ten years tho occupant , by common industry and frugality , will be able to buy his holding , out and out ; and that the two acres , costing hut 111 . an acre , will , at the end of that period , be worth il . an acre , or 8 / . a year rent .

      The following pithy sentence—vouched for by Richard Cobden , Esq ., M . P ., and William Scholefield , Esq ., M . P . —is the comp lete and irrefutable answer to the revilers of the National Land Company : —

      " FROM PRACTICAL EXPERIENCE IT IS KNOWN THAT AN INDUSTRIOUS MAN MAY SUPPORT HIMSELF , WIFE , AND FAMILY , UPON TWO AOBES OF LAND . " Can the grimmest of our readers , who never smiled before , withhold a horse-laugh when he reads the above ? Land , bo it observed , which has cost but 11 / . an acre ; no house ; the cultivators of the inner allotments having to walk over 250 acres of Land if the 1 , 000 acres constitute a complete square , and if he is

      fortunate enough to secure lodgings upon the very verge ; no house ^—no home—no aid moneyno cultivation—no cropping—no pump—no water—no road to every man ' s house—no path to every man ' s door—no school-house , to educate every man's child—no means of retail benefit from wholesale co-operation in the building of houses , as each freeholder is told "he can build a cottage for himself ; " while the very difference between the wholesale and the retail price of building a cottage , would amount to much more than 22 J ., or the whole value of the two acres .

      Let us now contrast the position of the dupe of the National Land Company , with that of the enfranchised freeman of the philanthropic Free Traders . The Cobden-Scholefield Society , pays a hundred and ninety-eight pounds for Land , and the occupants are assured , from PRACTICAL EXPERIENCE , that they can live , support their wives and families , and pay 2 ft .

      a year rent for Land which has cost but one hundred and ninety-eight pounds ; while the Juggle Company charges eight pounds rent for Land that has cost two hundred pounds ; but , to make the contrast complete upon its ownmerits , the Juggle Company would charge less than nine shillings an acre for the same Land that the Philanthropic Company sets down at II . 10 s . an acre .

      As we have frequently predicted that the question of the Land would one day monopolise the attention of the world , we shall not be considered tedious if w © carry our illustrations and our contrasts a little further ; the Land purchased by the National Land Company averages 37 / , an acre , which makes H 8 / , for four acres ; the expense of Cottage we will estimate at 132 / ., and Aid Money spent in cultivation , 30 ? . —making an outlay of 310 ? ., and

      amounting to a rent of 12 / . 8 s . a year ; while , for the same amount expended upon Land , our new fledged converts anticipate a rent of i 2 l > a year , or thirteen and a half per cent , upon the outlay , and the means of support for fourteen families at two acres a family . But there is an important-Hiay , an overwhelming—consideration , which must not be lost sight ofj it is this ; that we have often told our readers that we would much

      prefer paying 4 / . an acre for land worth 3 / . an acre , than take a present of land worth 11 . an acre , and for the reasons we have often assigned , viz ., that the good land requires less labour , and less seed , while the crops are less liable to casualty and failure . What , then , must be our confidence in man ' s ability to live like a freeman on his native soil , when , notwithstanding the preference we accord to the better Land at a higher rent , we nevertheless admit the truth of the Free Irade propo-

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      — " i ; 10 a an acre , ffi ^ Kff ^ ^ z ^ ^ s ^ lp : z nowtmtoa review of the past conduct of SS om and WumM SCHOLEFiEtD , the patrons of the new project Cobden , his myrmidons , and their Press , tneir continue -y an acr 0 )

      Were loudest and foulest in and untiring abuse of the 'Juggle Company ; and Scholeeield was a member of the Land Committee . The first objections were that Land could not be had all that Land could not be purchased for 18 / . 15 s , ; that no man could support himself and family upon four acres of the best Land , without paying rents , rates , and taxes ; that no man would invest his money on mortgage of such property ; and that it would take God knows how many thousand years to locate the members . Well , tho

      Lord hath delivered our enemies into our hands , and their advertisement is our answer . Now tnrn we to the consideration of the Report of the Committee , of which Mr . Scholefield was a prominent member . That Committee reported upon the legality and practicability of the Scheme ; it reported that the Ballotwhether applied to the selection of members , or the assignment of allotments—was illegal ; and yet Scholefield the judge , who pronounced this solemn decision , is now

      Scholbheld the p atron—who adopts this notable illegality . The practicability of the plan was condemned upon the evidence of Mr . RkVANS , the Poor Law Commissioner , who declared that the most industrious man in England could not support himself upon the three best acres of Land in England , even if he was free from jents , rates , or taxes . Upon his evidence , Mr . Scholefield gave judgment against the practicability of tho plan j while Mr . SCHOLEfield the patron , now informs us

      that" FROM PRACTICAL EXPERIENCE , IT IS KNOWN THAT AN INDUSTRIOUS MAN MAY SUPPORT HIMSELF , WIFE AND FAMILY , UPON TWO

      ACRES OF LAND !" If tho juggle or the juggler required a defence , could we furnish one more ample or complete ? and would it not be superfluous to add another word beyond an appeal to the Patrons of the New Land Company , asking them whether they are likely to devote their whole time for nearly four years , and to app ^ y over 5 , 000 / . of their own money , to the accomplishment of their own object , the securing

      FREEHOLDS FOR THE MILLIONS ? Will the Free Trade Press abuse these Free Trade philanthropists ? or will they advertise their scheme gratuitously as we do ? No ! one of their daily organs is chaunting its lamentations over the incarceration of the FLOGGED SOLDIER j who , we are informed , isnowimpriioned by the printer who printed his ignorant bombastic tirades against the National Laud Company , but whose co-operation is now indispensable to the rea lisation of FREEHOLDS FOR THE MILLIONS ,

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      evinced such dogged determination and perseverance in the prosecution of the Chartists who were even suspected of an intention to violate the lav ? Wh y they inflicted the severe sentencesthelaw allowed , when they succeeded in obtaining convictions ? And wlrjr they now shrink back from the due exercise of the powers vested in them , and which by their oaths of office they are bound to exercise fairly and impartially ? evinCed such dogged determination and perse-

      The Government talk of introducing tt new Bill to explain the state of the law . Ther 0 is not the slightest necessity for their doing so . We know very well what tha law is , and ah we want is to see it enforced . If the Manchester school of Magistrates will not do so , send them to the right about , and let us have others that will . The Factory workers do not ask for any new acts , or new explanations . They do not ask from the Government anything more than that they will see the authority of Queen , Lords , and Commons obeyed . They are quite

      prepared to submit to it themselves , and they hope her Majesty's Ministers will not suffer it to be set at defiance by a band of reckless speculators , and greed y millowners , with the connivance of a few interested magistrates . Let Lord J . Russell—who most eloquently supported this law in its passage through the Leg islature—^ bethink himself that it is better to have the esteem and gratitude of the swarming thousands of Lancashire and Yorkshire , than a few venal and interested votes at his back . If he will only maintain the law he may safely despise the efforts of any faction of millocrats . If he does not , the scandal , the

      future mischief that may ar ise from his dereliction of duty rest upon his own head ! Not lesa foolish and short-sig hted is the conduct of the mill-masters on this occasion . Of all men in the world they owe most to the habitual deference of Englishmen to the law . Their mills and wai - ehouses are peculiarl y exposed to the dangers arising from incendiarism , or sudden outbursts of unpremeditated violence . Their very ascendancy as a class is based upon this almost instinctive feeling . Why will they M'eaken it ? Why place themselves , in periods of stagnant trade , widespread distress , destitution , and discontent , in greater danger by their own act ?

      They may depend upon it , that a law which was gained after a struggle of thirty years ' duration , will not be tamely yielded up , and that if , by any improper intervention , those who took part in this struggle are deprived of its benefits , the state of society in these districts must become daily more unsatisfactory as regards Iho feelings of the various classes of the community towards each other . Into the commercial and political part of the argument we will not enter . We only desire to call the attention of the Government , the magistrates , and the millowners to the necessity of enforcing the law . "A word to tho wise is enough . "

      Untitled Article

      PARLIAMENTARY REVIEW . PEEL'S PILL FOR IRELAND . The Ministerial makeshift for Ireland has been carried through another stage in the Commons , after a protracted and wearisome debate , in which all manner of questions were introduced by the speakers , who were equally unanimous in avoiding the nominal question under discussion . This can only be accounted for by the general feeling that it was not worth thought or criticism . The real question debated was the p lan of Sir R . Peel , to which we referred last week . On Friday night he returned to the subject , and , in a speech of

      nearly three hours' duration , amplified and illustrated with greater distinctness the ideas he had formerly sketched in outline . As a comprehensive and faithful description of the real evils requiring to be remedied in Ireland , and of the magnitude of those evils , the speech was not to be surpassed ; and there was equal amplitud e and power in tho outline of the measures proposed to moot tho crisis he so accurately described . No doubt the ex-Prejiier may be accused of hesitation and over caution in some of the details of his plan , and other portions of it may be open to objections ,

      but , taken as a whole , it embodies a sound principle — it proposes to liberate the land of Ireland from those feudal fetters which at present makes it valueless , both to the landlords and people , and in the least objectionable manner to bring it into profitable cultivation . Sir Robert showed with great force and clearness , the folly and the fallacy of foreign emigration , as a remedy for tho present state of Ireland . He pointed eut the fact , that many of the persons who wore now emigrating , were taking away capital with them . " Many of them" said the Right

      Honourable Baronet , " are men who are labouring under the apprehension of the increasing poor rates involving them in tho general calamity from which the insolvent unions are suffering ; and every man that you lose from Ireland , who takes away more capital than individuals whom that capital would employ , is a \ dead loss to the country . " The passage we have marked in italics expresses a great truth in social economy , to which , hitherto , few of our statesmen and politicians have attached the importance that ia due to it ; and it must certainly be obvious to the most

      ordinary capacity , that a continuous abstraction of capital from a country where the complaint is , that it is already deficient , must tend to its further impoverishment and pauperism . As Sir R . Peel truly remarked , " The comfortable farmer who , fearing the invasion of the poor rate , and possessing some £ 40 or £ 50 , flies , after selling the tenant-right in his holding in the north > f Ireland , and transfers his capital , and his industry and skill , on the United States , or Canada , confers no benefit on the country by emigrating . He ia withdrawing that capital which might be

      usefully employed at home . " Sir Robert was equally oxplciit and decided in his condomnation of that wholesale shovelling out of paupers , in the last stage ) of destitution and disease , on the shores of our colonies , or upon our own shores , in order that Irish landlords might escape the burden of supporting them . Mr . De Veue , a gentleman who took a berth as a steerage passenger in one of those floating hells in which these poor wretches are transported to our colonies , describes what is called tke voluntary system of emigration from Ireland ; and we quite concur in tho opinion of Sir Robert Peel , that there is nothing we have heard of the sufferings

      inflicted by the slave trade of a more revolting character . " Before the emigrant was at sea a week he became an altered man and it could not be wondered at . Hundreds of men , women , and children , of all ages , from the aged imbecile to the infani just bora ; jbeing huddled together without light or ah * . They lived without food or medicine , except as administered by the hands of casual charity : and what must have been , felt as a severe deprivation in the case of a people like the L ish , in many cases died without spiritual comfort . Since the period to which Mr . De Verb refers , improvements have been made , and these emigrant ships placed under a more

      vigilant 8 UTM > r int , pindfitip . ft Vmt . o + ill ;~ . & „ lant superintendence ; hut still , in tho very nature of things , with such a mass of destitution and suffering as must , in all eases be crowded into such ships , it is utterl y impossible to prevent the occurrence of gimilar scenes of squalor and filth to those wq have already alluded to . Such an emigration as this ia disgraceful to this country , and deeply injurious to the colonies to which these poor wretches are tranaferred . Their removal , also , has a tendency to perpetuate the bad system which has engendered suchmassesof destitute and famishing paupers . If landlords and middlemen can thus easily get rid , of the wetchedjaeas aad

      Untitled Article

      misery their own neglect or" selfishness ash created , it is not very likely that they will make any very serious effort to abate the real and radical evils of the country . ^ Apart , however , from all these considerations , it 13 quite evident that Land and Labour being tho original elements out of which all kinds of wealth are created , there is no necessity for exporting the former as long as large portions of the latter are uncultivated . The truestateaman will rather endeavour to make the kingdom whose affairs ho administers , populous and prosperous—than to convert it into halfp&oplcd and barren wastes , This was , as wo misery their own neglect or" ^ elnshness ash

      have said , felt to he the real question at issue . In the recent debate , Mr . Bright in thecourse of the best speech delivered during its continuance—or , we may add , perhaps the best ever delivered on the question—emphatically enforced therandamentalimportanee of making land marketable in Ireland . Wo see great reason to doubt the feasibility of gome of Mr . Bright ' s notions as to the way in which that is be done ; but , at all events , it is a gratifying sign of political progress , to find that the idea has got such a firm hold of the minds of so many of our most active public men . The best mode of carrying it out will , no doubt , by and by , suggest itaelf .

      The bearing of the Liberal party , and of Sir R . Peel , on this important topic , was singularly contrasted by that of Mr . Disraeli and the Premier . For more than two hours the would-be leader of the Protectionists exerted all his ingenuity to decry and disparage what he ironically termed " the revelations of the experienced mind of the great statesman , " and signally failed in doing so . The pettifogging and spiteful detraction in which he indulged fell harmless ; and , when he concluded ,

      the one idea of a bold , practical , and substantial measure having been proposed by a statesman capable of carrying it into effect , towered above all others . Nor was that idea weakened by the feebleness , inanity , and personal jealousy of Lord J . Russell , who followed . We do not wonder that he should feel sore in the presence of his rival , and feel humbled also at the thought that he is totally destitute of anyremedial policy . But , in order to cover his failure in that respect , and to account for the non-fulfilment of the promises by which he

      rose to power in 1846 , he made the astounding declaration , that when he used words -which bound him to bring in remedial and comprehensive measures , he was not at all aware of what he was saying—that , in fact , he did not mean anything by the use of these words , and that his present and . matured opinion is , that an amended Poor Law , and a better drilled Police , ia all we can do for Ireland—that is , we must build more workhouses and more prisons in that country . That is the height of Whig statesmanship in the middle of the nineteenth century .

      3t0 Erorrcwuoewtf.

      3 T 0 erorrcwuoewtf .

      The Northern Star. Satubday, April 7i Is49.

      THE NORTHERN STAR . SATUBDAY , APRIL 7 i IS 49 .

      Destructive Fiites.

      DESTRUCTIVE FIItES .

      Untitled Article

      LAW-BREAKERS IN HIGH PLACES . No better illustration of the fact , that rich men may break the law in this country with impunity , can be offered , than the proceedings of that portion of the Factory Masters who are now openly and advisedly violating the provisions of the Factory Act . There is no doubt about the meaning of these provisions . The highest legal and official authorities have decided that point against these millowners . Had the act been a very old one—the motives of those by whom it was passed obscured or

      rendered doubtful by the lapse of time—or the language in which their meaning was expressed of an equivocal character—there mi g ht have been the shadow of an excuse for the systematic infraction of the statute . No such palliations ean bo alleged . The framers of the Bill are alive , and have given their version of it . The people who struggled for it coincide with that interpretation ; and the HoME-SECKETAEr , Attobney-Gtenebal , and | Solicitou-Gene-RAii of the Administration under whom it became law , have unhesitatingly confirmed it .

      Tho Act is not yet three years old , It is only a few months since it came into complete operation , and previous to that period there was not the slightest doubt as to its meaning and intent . So far from that being the case , even the organs of these mill-masters were loud in their condemnation of it ; precisely because it enacted that which they now evade . A slight revival of trade was concurrent with the period for the law

      taking full effect , and the conse q uence was , that a few of the factory owners—eager , as usual , to make riches , no matter at what cost to ihe community at large—invented a mode of evading it ; and when the Government inspectors—as was their duty—brought the offenders before the magistrates , those functionaries acquitted them . It is said that they are connected with the law-breakers by blood , or are otherwise interested in the

      non-fulfilment of the law—indeed , no other explanation can be offered of the singular and unwonted occurrence of provincial magistrates daring to sot themselves in opposition to the Government and the Law Officers of the Crown , as to the interpretation and enforcement of the law . The class to which these magistrates belong are ever ready to insist on "the majesty of the law" being vindicated , when " a poor sinner" comes before them . In such cases , benevolent constructions and compassionate hypotheses are the last things thought of . They see in the " looped and windowed"

      raggedness before them , only objects of the primitive powers of the law ; and most vigorousl y do they exercise them . Their lenity and mercy are reserved for sinners of their own class . They sympathise with them . They comprehend the motives b y which they are actuated—they have , perhaps , a direct interest , themselves , in the infringement of the law , aud hence comes the common proverb , that— "There is one law for the rich and another for the poor . " Even when the Legislature does not positively enact such onesided laws , the administration is of such a

      partial and class character as to justify tho axiom . But the Government ought periously to consider in the present state of societ y , and witb the events now transpiring around them , whether this is the best way of upholding the " Supremacy of the law , " and of maintaining that respect for it , and its administrators , which is much more efficacious in maintaining "Peace , Law , and Order , " than all the Special Constables or standing armies that can by possibility be gathered together . It is ,

      above all things , a suicidal policy for a Ministry to undermine the feeling of respect for the law , which lies at the very foundation of societ y . Look what such conduct has produced in Ireland , where the conviction that England was not their friend , nor English law , arrayed the whole population against the constituted authorities , and perverted the sympathies c-f the people in favour of the law-breaker . How many columns of objurgation and lamentation on this disgraceful propensity of the Celtic race , have not been poured forth by the calumniators of the Irish people , from the Puddledock

      Thunderer downwards to it § puniest echo ? Yet what was the original cause of this fatal alienation of a whole people , but the partial and unjust administration of the law ? The people will ask , in this country , why Sir G . Grey has not removed those Magistrates who have contumaciously refused to enforce a statute of the land , in the plain sense intended by its framers , and in the sense which he , the Home-Secretary , backed by the Attorney and Solicitor-Gehehai affixes to it \ They will ask wh y those officials

      Untitled Article

      Failche of SavjjVGS Banks . —A question of great and general interest to the working classes was discussed on Thursday se ' nnightnamely , the security afforded by Savings Banks to their depositors . It was mooted by Mr . Reynolds , who moved for a Select Committee to inquire into the circumstances connected with the failure of the St . Peter ' s Savings Bank , in Dublin . In the year 1833 , the deficiency in the assets of that Bank , from fraud and peculation on the part of its officers , amounted to nearly four thousand pounds , and

      continued to increase until 1849 , when it amounted to the large sum of fifty thousand pounds . B y the law , these Banks are required to make periodical returns to the Commissioners of the National Debt of their income , expenditure , and financial position . The Act of Parliament expressly imposes certain duties on these Commissioners , for the protection of depositors , which , it appears , they are in the habit of systematically neglecting . In the case of the St . Peter ' s Bank , they knew h to ho actually insolvent—to be not able to pay ten

      shillings in the pound—as shown by the periodical returns of tho annual deficit sent in by the Bank ; and yet , so far from giving any warning to the public of this state of affairs , they boklly violated the law , and neglected the duties distinctly prescribed for them in such cases . The act contains a mandatory clause , in which the Commissioners are " required forthwith to publish in the London Gazette and also in any newspaper published in the county in which the Savings Bank is established , tho name of every Savings Bank neglecting or

      making default" in the punctual transmission of its annual accounts . Yet for sixteen years they allowed this insolvent bank to go on un « checked , during the whole of which period the law was not complied with—the balance sheet was not transmitted in time in any one of those years ; they wore not made out in proper form , and instead of using the printed forms issued by the Commissioners for the use of all Savings Banks , the St . Peter ' s Bank in variably used a written form of accounts , varying very considerabl y from that prescribed .

      Such circumstances ought to have aroused suspicion , even if the deficit had not been palpable on the face of their fabricated returns . Yet the Commissioners took no step's to warn the public , as they were imperatively required to do . On the contrary , they never seem to have contemp lated the fulfilment of this duty . Mr . Higham , the acting officer of the National Debt office , in his evidence , plainl y stated that tho Commissioners have assumed the power of disregarding the distinct requirements of au Act of Parliament , "Because , " savs Mi .

      Higham , "it would Iq an impolitic measure , it I may so term it , to publish the name of e very Savings Bank in the Gazette which did not furnish thoso accounts within the time required by the Act . " In order to show the extent to which this wilful disobedience is carried , we shall merely quote two questions aud the answers of Mr . Higillu . " Upon that occasion you did not consider it necessary to act as the Act of Parliament pointed ou 1 > -namol y , to give notice in the newspapers of the county 1 Certainly not

      " Is that invariably the case with all tlie Banks ? Yes . " Now he it remembered that the poor peop le who deposit their small savings in these Uaiite do this under tho assurance that they have the guaranteo of an Act of Parliament »'" superintendence of the Government . The w »" lions which have thus been invested i « t ] l ^ hands of the Commissioners of the Xatiouaj Debt , have been obtained on the faith of th at

      guarantee , and the belief that that super * teudeucewas v ig il a ntl y exorcised . Bat u f we have the fact , on the authority of tw > Actuary of the National Debt office , that tiw Commissioners have not in any one case do " their duty—nay , that they consider they oug 11 not to doit—and , consequently , for all the PuU * lie knowa to the contrary , there ma ? mt single solvent Savings Bank iu the counti )' So far for the safety supposed to be g » 'J rantoed by the protection of an A } Parliament ; next as to the responsible pc ^ in case of loss : Mv . 7 ? rcvxm . » s . after si ' * ,.

      that the depositors of the St . Peter ' s ba » £ Dublin , had altogether been swindled I * manner of £ 50 , 000 , intimated his <> PinI % be that the Government were bou nd to » ^ up the loss . Mr . Herbert moved t 0 ' . ] icases of Tralee and Killarney , and of ^ terarderin Scotland—all of them sin " * ' ^ aolvent banks—to the motion , in odct tna ^ Committee might inquire into the *' : | js < them '; whereupon the Chancellor of y |! iticii chequer—himself an officer w hose p ^ makes him personally acquainted wit » ^ facts—opposed tho motion , on the gi ' ! ' qc the law has studiousl y refused to recogni 3 ? , VOTmTM / m + liohilitv in Snwintrs Bank « cp J

      But this plea did not meet the co * Dublin and Tralee—thereal claim a g *" j jjfl Government was not » legal but a ffl ^ . ^ It waa argued that the losses to vbwa ^

      Untitled Article

      - April 7 , 1849 . 4 THE NORTHERN STAH - _ - —— - ¦ - —^— - *—¦ - ¦—g gsssss *

      Seiv" Tale By G. W. 3l Kevnolds. An Excellent Opportunity Now Presents Itself For New Subscribers To Commence Taking In Beynolds's Miscellany. Edited By G. W. M. Retoolm.

      SEiV" TALE BY G . W . 3 L KEVNOLDS . An excellent opportunity now presents itself for new subscribers to commence taking in BEYNOLDS'S MISCELLANY . Edited by G . W . M . Retoolm .

      The Ofteapxrt Bd1t1ov Ztr Twjm1osd. Priosls. Fid., A N«W And «Lek*Nt Edition, With Steel Pja*» Of Uu Author, Of Paihe's Political Works.

      THE OftEAPXRT BD 1 T 1 OV ZTR TWJM 1 OSD . Priosls . fid ., A n « w and « leK * nt edition , with Steel PJa *» of Uu Author , of PAIHE'S POLITICAL WORKS .

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), April 7, 1849, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1517/page/4/