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Northern Star (1837-1852), 27th January 1849, Edition 1 of 3, Page 8, oi oi iMiimsiex Printed by WILLIAM RIDER, of No. 5, Macclesfield-street, * •!__.__•__>__. A ji» —. "llr_~__L ?_._.__._! _. __.__. __.!__ • a •

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    • gtovtims &t.
    • oi oi iMiimsiex Printed by WILLIAM RIDER, of No. 5, Macclesfield-street, * •!__.__•__>__. A ji» —. "llr_~__L ?_._.__._! _. __.__. __.!__ • a •
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      Untitled Article

      hadcorn . i . ; dt « hiscareundera written and more defi :.: ; .-: ntractthan appears to have existed betwo-n t ; x ; n . At the same time the jury most cmpiuiwVv condemn the practice of farming pauper cHl ^ - ' i > n the houses of strangers , because the systwn tendered by it affords to unprincipled persons * lisostrous opportunities of defrauding the poor I'hiiJren of their proper food and clothing , in a manriv i ' ' io wickedness and evil consequences of which d ' . ' not seem to become publicly apparent , nor i ;> f oduco such adequate effect on the minds of divei-i' -rs and guardians of the poor as to lead to correction of the evil until disease has produced the mosi mvihl effects on the helpless population of minh iv-Tal . lishmonts . "

      The- inouiry , after lasting in the whole fourteen hour * -, ' 5 .. » n terminated . INQUEST AT KESSEfGTOX Oi . T . ar ^ kv , January 18 th , Mr . Wakley , coroner \» V > an inquest in the Board-room of the Kensin" :- -- . orl-housp , Gloucester-road , Kensington , on the ' l- "of John Wilkins , . 1 boy five years . of age , one - ; tii « twentv-threo boys belongingto that parish removed from Mr . Drouefs establis hment , at Xa ^ aSfcrttSK'SS LTSiwa tsffitf * tu

      * ° SiV ' ¦ . mS ™ l ^ o « i « h <;«> ™> f ST * * " present at the death , wlueli took place at , i , ht o ' clock on the evening of Sunday last . The dec . nsed was brought home on the 4 th inst ., and = = with witness on that night . He seemed Terr * -ei , and had some tea and bread and butter . In * tV nurse of the night he awoke in a state of appar . r" darm , and on witness questioning him on the s \ v-y ot , he said the nurse at Tooting had struck him r-r . ' . ' , ; - ! little nose and made it bleed very much , and \ n thought she was going to do so again . PeceasaivMs seized next morning ( Friday 5 th ) with vomr-. i-. ii ; and purging , and although he had medical assist I ; - ; . ; he continued to get worse till he died .

      By ih > Coroner . —Deceased had been at Tooting abou' seven months . Saw him there several times , hut al ^ ftys in the presence of the porter . Had another child there . She used , generally , to take with iiev some bread and butter , when she went to see then ; , -which they ate most ravenously . They frequently complained of not having enough to eat , and on ier questionin g them on the subject , they said they had not enough to eat at any of the meals . The deceased looked very well when $ he visited him after he sirst went there , but he soon seemed to be falling ofi ; and appeared more Bickly and weakly than hefore .

      The < oro . ver here desired the daughter , nine years < = ' " age to be brought into the inquest room . She was Drought in , in the arms of a nurse , wrapped up in ' . blanket , and by being carried across the arms oi the nurse in the manner of an infant , appeared to be much younger than had been stated . J Mr WiKLET inquired if anything was the matter with hc-r , when the master of the workhouse and Mr . Cr . rjrzaroni and Mr . Goodrich , two medical officers of the parish , said she had heen ill for some time . : u : ; l was suffering from itch . . On i I ¦ ¦ - . blanket being opened at the feet , the lower part of ' ; ie legs were found to be covered with rags , out iViihcient of the feet and legs were visible to show rh :: ^ the flesh was covered -with brown marks

      of it *! :, which were eaid to extend in the same manner a ! i o - ? r the body of the unfortunate girl . The- Cohoxer said he he had never before in all Ms life seen such a bad case of itch . It was really frighift ;) . Mr . Oiomucn said in all his experience of thirty year ? _ : •*• had never before witnessed such a dreadful case . T r . was really awfnl . He was the medical atten dant at the workhouse of St . George , Hanoversquaiv . in the Fulham-road , where there were 250 children placed , and there was not one single case of itch . Mr . ^ lackwell explained to the coroner and jury that -b- » girls liad been removed from the Tooting establishment ever since the 9 th of November last , in coR ?? = 'juence of the complaints of some of them that Mr . Drouet ' s brother had acted improperly toward ' - * them .

      Th < - ii-1 wa 3 then removed from the room , and the Ccfiner repeated that she was a perfectly sickening sight , to which _ . . Mr . OooDnicn responded : It is indeed ; it e frightful . Matit . da Pearmax deposed that she was a nur 3 e m the Ec-iisington workhouse , and attended the deceased from Friday , the 5 th instant , to the time of hit des ? h . He was seen erery day by both Sir . GuaZisroni and Mr . Abrams . He was attacked with vomiting and purging , and placed in hot Bankets , r-nJ medicines given him , and also wine . He got bf . ter , but afterwards got worse again , and sank vinil he died . The Oorokeb said he would next examine some of the children who had been with the deceased at Tootin-r .

      . Fa >" - st Bailet deposed that she was fourteen yean of a «\ and while in Mr . Drouet ' s establishment wa « a heivor in the ward in which the deceased boy was placed . The Coroker . —Did you ever oomplain of the food yern had at Tooting ? " TVitness . — ~ So , sir . I was always afraid to speak about Mr . Drouet , or what we had to eat , for fear of punishment afterwards . By ise Coroxeu . —Had not enough to eat while at Tooting . The breakfast consisted of a slice of bread , " - isd a shallow white soup plate full of gruel made of flour . Had seen it made in the kitchen , and v :. s sure it was made of flour , and not oatmeal . Had "Jivard many others complain about the food . The boys were worse off than the girls , as they were not paid for working , and the girls were paid twopence a week for working . The Coroner . Jfow , on vour oath , had you ever ,

      Fhile at Tooting , enough to eat ? Witness . —> ot when T had my meals in the hall . Had enough when I was in the ward , as the nurse gave me more than the allowance . The beef was hard at Tooting , and the potatoes had frequently the disease , and ¦ when eat were quite black . Sometimes the slices of bread at Tooting were not half the size they were at the Kensington workhouse . "Would rather not go to Tootir : ^ ao-ain . The fire in the schoolroom was a small 5 otc ( not open ) at one end of the schoolroom , Upon her learing , in November last , she had only one blanket on her bed . The Coroxeu ( seeing the witness well clothed m a good warm cloak ) , said he supposed that those clothes had been given them by the Kensington guardians . Mr . Blackwell said that was the fact . When both the girls and boya were brought from Tooting they were all ragged and tattered .

      Thomas Mills , a short thick-set boy , of twelve years of age , was next examined : He could neither read nor write , and did not know his Catechism , and the Coroner would not , therefore , administer the oath to him . He stated that he had been occasionally to school . There were twelve beds in one room , and thirteen in the other , and in each bed three boys slept . With the 2 d . a week he used to buy erub . After he had had Ms breakfast he could eat four treads more ( slices ) . Never while at Tooting liad enough to eat . Was always hungry after his meal » . A great many boya had run away from Drou-t's establishment . The first time he ran awav

      he was beat for it . When they come back they put gjrls' clothes on them , and birch them . The last time ho ran away was the Sunday before they were fetched away to Kensington . He then went to town to see after his friends / but could not find them , and walked about all night . The next morning he was Stopped by a policeman , and taken to the station , and thence to a workhouse , but he could not say where , and was kept there a day and a half , when Mr . r-orris , the shoemaker at the Tooting asylum , came and fetched him back . He was then stripped of his clothes , and kept only in his shirt from seven in the evening until twelve nest dsy s as a punishment .

      The Coroner : iow , you appear to be a knowingloqkiug fellow . Tell us what you think made the children bad , anD brought the cholera to Tooting . —Witness : Want of enough grub . The gruel was inade hy Bill Brewin , and was sometimes thick and sometimes thin . Could always eat more—could eat three more allowances he thought . Had heard many bov 3 of a morning complain of pain in the chest . They nearly all complained of the pain . There was no water-closet to go to at night at Tooting ; but two tubs were placed in each bed-room , in which the boys made both water and stools . They had handles on them , and were emptied every morning into the privy . There were only two whi tlows in each bed-room , and both on one side . They were open in the day time , but shut at night . * Mr . Guazzaroxi had found the quality of the food at Tooting particularly bad , and there was no fibre in the meat .

      Jonx Thomas , a hoy fourteen years old , was then "brought in , and it being found that he Lad not been to school , and could not tell an E from an A when it wa 3 shown him in the room , the coroner would not swear him . lie made the same statements as to £ he insufficiency of the food . He had worked in the garden , while there , from six in the morning , wntil six at night , and was paid for it 2 id . per week . He at first saved that to buy a silk handkerchief with , but at other times bought cakes with it . Mr . Goobhich said the bov iras a verv intelligent toy before he wont to Tooting , but now he appeared to have lost all Ids animation , and seemed ncariv a fool .

      : Mr . Gi-azzaroxi said he was just recovering from feTer . The CosoN-ER sa id it was a most important question ¦ for the consideration of medical men connected with great public establishments , like those gentlemen present , whether the people in them should be fed all alike . Nojperson would feed animals all alike , . partici-larly while they were young . Animals took f £ much . r % they pleased .

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      Mr . Goodrich said he thought it was necessary t ° limit the food of children . Fueiverick Dr . admax , aged thirteen years , having said that he had been taught his catechism , and to read and write , in the Kensington workhouse , Defore he went to Tooting , was sworn , andI deposea that he did tailoring for a month , and ^ pjg pence a week for working fromnmetoon aad from two to five . While thcrche had not *^ g and he always felt hungry « ftor ^^ eflTe ^^ isas triSod atVner , and were not ten

      min-Mr gobibosi was then examined : He stated rhathe saw the deceased on the ath inst ., the morninf on which he was attacked . He was ma state of collapse , and had every symptom of malignant cholera . He treated him with artificial heat , medicines , wine , laudanum , &c . He rallied , and had nearly recovered , -when he was attacked by consecutive " fever on the fourth day , and eventually died . Had opened the body on Tuesday last with Mr . Goodrich . It is my opinion that the deceased died from diarrhoea , and consecutive fever that supervened from the effects of an attack of cholera . Mr . Goodrich said he had visited the

      establishment in June or July last , with some of the guardians , when he saw reasons to complain of the overcrowding of the children , both the bedrooms and the schoolrooms . He also tasted the soup , anil found it different to that made in Sti Georgc ' a workhouse , there being no fibre of meat in it . He therefore refused , on leaving , to writ « anything in the book ; and on the way home he impressed on the guardians the necessity for taking the children home , but the new workhouse not being ready it could not he done . Mr . Goodrich was then sworn and confirmed Mr . Guazzaroni ' s evidence , and further stated , that when he visited Tooting , he disapproved of the arrangements there altogether . He considered the children were too crowded there , and that while in the playgrounds , which were surrounded by a high wall and high palings , they had not sufficient air , and that they were unhealthy . " He also complained of the dormitories and steDned them , and considered they

      were too crowded . He was told that Mr . Hall , the assistant Poor-Law Commissioner , had recently been there to see it , and approved of what he had seen , and witness thought it was no use complaining further if he approved of it . By the Coroxer : When he saw the children there they were healthy in their appearance , but when he felt their arms they wanted firm flesh . The Coroxer said he did not approve of the farming out of children . He thought it a bad system , Mr . Goodrich further said the pea soup that he saw at the Tooting establishment , taken with nothing else , one day all the year round , would lead to disease and to cholera . He fully concurred in the opinion of Mr . Guazzaroni as to the cause of death . After some further evidence given by both boys and girls , of a similar character to the preceding , the room was cleared of strangers , and upon tho public being re-admitted , the jury returned a verdict" That the deceased child had died from the mortal

      effects of exhaustion , consequent upon fever supervening on an attack of malignant cholera . The Foreman said that the jury unanimously considered that in returning a verdict in accordance with the medical testimony , they should only do right in coupling it with their opinion that the attack of cholera produced at Tootmg proceeded from the insufficiency of food and warm clothing , and the want of proper ventilation in Mr . Drouet ' s establishment . The inquiry occupied five hours , and in the course of it , it was stated that , when Mr Drouet . knew that the Kensington children were going to be removed , he told the workhouse messenger to . tell the guardians that he had great difficulty in preventing his brother from coming over to Kensington and thrashing all the guardians Cr U b

      ^ _ _ _____ _____ _ The adjourned inquest on the bodies of the cholera victims belonging to Islington parish was also resumed on Thursday , when , after the evidence of Mr . Pearce , the surgeon to the out-door poor of Islington , and Sir . Grainger , the officer of the Board of Health , whose testimony did not difler from that given at other inquests , the inquiry was again adjourned .

      INQUEST ON THE CHILDREN OF THE HOLBOItN UNION . On Friday morning , at ten o ' clock , Mr . Wakley , M . P ., again resumed the inquiry into the deaths of the four pauper children belonging to the Holborn Union , who died at the Free Hospital . Mr . Grainger ( of the Board of Health ) , and several membera of the Holborn Board of Guardians , Mr . Drouet and his legal adviser ( Mr . Ballantine ) , were present . The foreman of the jury intimated to the coroner that thirteen of the jury had visited Mr . Drouet ' s establishment on the previous day , and not only examined every part of it , but received from Mr . Drouet every information respecting it and the inmates , that they demanded to know , but as he was

      unwilling to state publicly all they saw , he suggested that they should : otire to a private room , and there communicate with the coroner . Mr . Warley . —IS there is no objection on the part of the jury I should much prefer hearing their statement publicly . Some of the jurymen thought they had better have nothing done in private , and another juryman haying suggested that they could gather quite sufficient from the evidence to be given to guide them , it was decided that no statement should be made , as they were of opinion that it ought not to be made publicly . Mr . James presented a large book , under tho official seal of the Poor Law Commissioners , containing the visitors' reports .

      Mr . Waklet . —We cannot receive all that that book contains . Mr . Ballaxti > -e was anxious to see it , on the part of Mr . Drouet , upon which the seal was broken , and the book handed to him . William Mortimer examined . —I live at the Royal Free Hospital , and am engaged in looking after the children as nurse . . I had two children at Mr . Drouet ' s , a boy aged three years and six months , and a girl aged five years and nine months .- I _ last saw them there on the 26 th of December in the lodge , and in the presence of two or three women belonging to the asylum . They did not come out , they were never allowed out , although I frequently asked permission . The girl was not then complaining , but the boy was very bad . They are now both dead . I heard of their deaths last Friday for the first time .

      The Coroner asked Mr . James , the clerk of the Holborn Union , whether he could say that these children were dead ? Mr . Jajies said they died on the 6 th and 7 th . Witness . —It was reported to me that my children were ill on the oth instant . I was then in the workhouse . I was not permitted to go and see them . I applied to the board through the master , who told me my application was refused , but that I should hear more about it . [ Mr . James said that the guardians felt it would then be wrong to allow persons to go to the asylum , as it might interfere with the children and breed disease . ] Witness . —I tendered my discharge in the workhouse , but it was not received . [ Mr . James said that if the witness

      had g iven three hours' notice he would have been entitled to his discharge . —Witness : I did not know that . —Sir . Wakley : These regulations ought to be printed and hung * up in every workhouse . ]—Witness : My children had heen in the asylum since March and April last . Although they died on the 6 th and 7 th , I did not hear of it until the 12 th . David Kelly ( an Irishman ) examined . —I live at Russell-court , Lamb ' s Conduit-street . I had two grandchildren at Mr . Drouet's establishment . Their names were Jeremiah and Jdmes Doyle . Their father and mother were in the workhouse when they went there , but we know nothing of the father now . I believe he is gone to America . One of the children is dead—the other in the Free Hospital , with

      had sores on his ears , Ms navel , and his shins . I went to see the children at Tooting for the first time on Sunday , December 31 st ; again on Monday and Thursday ; and on Friday the children were removed to the Free Hospital . When I went it was half-past ei g ht in the morning , and being permitted to go in , I found little Jemmy in hed along with another cWld in a small ward . I staid about an hour . On leaving I saw young Mr . Drouet in the yard . I asked him if he had any report to send by me to the workhouse ? He said , " I believe I have , for our children are dying very fast these three or four days . " He gave me a note , and I took it to the Gray ' s-inn workhouse , and asked the porter to let me in . He refused , and I gave him the note . I went to Tooting again on Monday , and found

      Jemmy in the same ward , and in bed with- another child . I walked each time , for I could not afford to ride . I met the doctor . He was a big tall gentleman in black , and he said to me that my child was better and doing well . On Wednesday the ward was much more crowded , and there were three in the bed . I taxed the nurse with neglecting them , and she said she was away during the night , because her sister had died . I saw the doctor , and sajd to him , " Doctor , you told me the child was getting better , but it ' s wo ' rse he is , and I now see he is done for . " Coroner . —Is the doctor here ? : Wiixess . —He was a big fat man with a red face , and better fe . l than the children . Witness , looked round tho room , and said ( pointing to Mr . Drouet ) , I thij _ k that is the person , but I am not certain , and I won ' t spe .-ik anvthiug I am not certain o £

      Air . W . J . Kiie examined . —lam a member of tho College and licentiate of Apothecaries Hall , and hold the o-Sce of resident surgeon in Mr . Drouet ' s establishment . I have held that office since the first week in November . There was no resident surgeon previously . I liad the entire medical charge of the establishment . I held no similar office , previously , nor any office in any establishment devoted to the treatment of children . I had no written engagement with Mr . Drouet . I engaged , at a fixed salary , as medical attendant , hut I had nothing

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      whatever to do with the diet or clothing of the children nor with the regulations of the establishment , nor did I pay any attention to these things , nor to the size ol the rooms , nor the drainage . There wat no premium upon health , nor penalty upon sichitsi , in my agreement . I did not , on entering the establishment , make an examination of all the children , ^ hut I did of some ; and I have in mj book an entry of the state of those children . I did not find any epidemic raging at the time . I found children under opthalmia of all sorts ; I also found scrofula and itch prevalent , and four or five with dysentery . A few were lame , but their lameness was either congenital or of long standing . One variety of the opthalmia was contagious . The children so affected

      were immediately separated from the rest . —Coroner : How many had the itch ?—Witness : I cannot say exactly ; but a great many had skin disease . There was no separate ward for them . I made great efforts to cure the itch , but I found it impossible . Itch i 3 easily cured , but it is easily caught again . — Coroner : Did you represent to Mr . Drouet that it was absolutely necessary to separate the children so affected ?—Witness : I did , and thev were so for the most part . But they mixed with the other children in the day time again . There was no obstruction thrown in my way for treating the children properly . Many of the children when admitted to that establishment , were affected with itch , and I can answer for it that they were better leaving it than

      when they entered . I examined the children on being admitted to see if they were healthy or if diseased , particularly if they had a skin disease . 1 found several with itch . —< And you admitted them ? I had no power to send them away , —Did Mr Drouet know they were so afflicted ? Of course he did . 1 have told him jo . I had no power to decline receiving such children . I had nothing to do with their reception . It was a well-understood and usual thing to receive such children . —Coroner : Why it appears to have been a nursery for the itch , for you have said it was impossible to cure it , it being so easily caught again . Had any of the children from St . Pancras parish the itch on entering?—Witness : Yes : two or three out of 120 . The cholera broke

      out on the 29 th of December , and on the 30 th we had one death ; on the 31 st , three ; on the 1 st January , three ; on the 2 nd , seven ; on the 3 rd , five ; on the 4 th , twelve ; on the 5 th , nineteen ; on the 6 th , fourteen ; on the 7 th , eleven ; on the 8 th , twenty ; on tho 9 th , fourteen ; on the 10 th , ten ; on the 11 th , five ; on the 12 th , nine ; on the 13 th , eight ; since the 13 th , nine—making a total of 150 . Some of these were complicated with other diseases . They could not be said to have all died of cholera . Before the other medical men visited Tooting I recommended a better diet . Mr . Chapman was called in on the 30 th , and on the Monday a better diet was adopted ; an additional meat day was added , and rice substituted for arrow-root . I cannot say what

      was the quantity of arrow-root or of flour mentioned in the diet table as given to the children , butlknow when made into a gruel it was thick , quite like a jelly . I opened seven bodies , but couid not account tor death by the post mortem examination . The in . testjnes contained a gruelly , colourless substance , similar to that which had been discharged before death . —Do you refer the outbreak of cholera in the asylum to any atmospheric influence ? I cannot say what was tho proximate cause . It may have been the atmosphere acting on constitutions predisposed for illness ; and if I were to attribute a proximate cause , I should certainly say the overcrowding was it . —Have any others than the children been attacked by cholera ? Yes , and three died . One was Battershy , a nurse , aged nearly 60 , who died on the llth ; Sarah Goat , aged 24 , a housemaid , who died on tho 10 th ; and a third , who was an attendant on the sick , who died before the 8 th . —How do

      you account for it that so few besides the children died of the disease ? It may be that children are more susceptible . —Do you as a , medical man hold that to be the case , that children of from four to twelve years old are more susceptible of cholera than adults ? I only say it ma £ be so ; and certainly from what I have seen at Tooting I would draw that conclusion . —Do you regard cholera to be contagious ? I do not . —Infectious ? That is altogether another question . Before I went to Tooting I was a non-contagionist and a non-infectionist . But what I have seen at Tooting has much shaken my opinion about non-infection . Treated the premonitory symptoms with astringents—Coroner : Mr . Grainfcr made his visit on Friday , the 5 th , and I think e reported thirty-eight cases of premonitory symptoms . —Witness : I never heard of thirty-eight cases , nor of any considerable number previous to the visits of the other medical men .

      Mr . Grainger referred to his report , and said that the thirty-eight cases were mentioned as existing on the following Saturday and Sunday , and he made that report on tho representations of the medical gentlemen who had been sent there . But he had not seen Mr . Kite at all . Mr . Kite re-examined . —I have not noticed any ill effects from drinking the water . It is the same which I consume , and is procured from an Artesian well . I have noticed a peculiar smell . I do not know what the analysis was . Since the 29 th December we have used exclusively the same water up to this period . I noticed the objectionable smell three days ago . It was water that had heen in my room all night . I drink water myself every

      day . —The Coroner : Not exclusively , I suppose ? ( A laugh . ) I have never complained of the boys ' bath-room , or have any reason to believe there is anything wrong in it . Mr . W . Home Pofham , examined by the Coroner . —I am one of the parochial surgeons of St . Pancras , and at the request of the guardians , ' went to Tooting to attend some of the children on Friday , the 5 th , at ten o ' clock at night . [ Mr . Popham read a document which he had signed in reference to Mr . Grainger ' s report . Some contradictions appeared between the two reports as to the children sleeping five in one bed , and the state of the surgery . ] I have not come to a satisfactory opinion as to the outbreak of the cholera . I believe the overcrowding predisposed to it .

      Mr Grainger . —Were not the particulars respecting the condition of the surgery and dispensary in my report , given to me by Mr . Popham , and are they not correct ? Mr . Popham admitted that they were . I found four in a bed in several beds , between twelve and one o ' clock on Saturday , Cth January , and on that day they began to remove them into separate beds . There was no difficulty in getting medicines . I do not believe the disease to be contagious , and I do not believe it to be infectious . Mr . J . G . BAILEY , one of the surgeonB sent down by St . Pancras parish , said—In consequence of what I have seen at Mr . Drouet ' s establishment , I believe the children were too closely crowded during an exciting cause iri the atmosphere . . . Mr . B . B . Penny , surgeon , did not consider the disease to be contagious or infectious .

      Patrick Sheese , aged 10 , of tho Holborn Union , examined . —Could not say tho whole of his catechism . . Has a mother living in the union . Knew Michael Harper , he slept with him at Mr . Drouet ' s , and two or tnree hoys slept in the same bed . Michael Harper slept with him four or five weeks before he came to the Free Hospital . He was well . Twelve slept in the same room . There were four beds . Germaine was the nurse . Boys used to clean the rooms ; one boy used to scrub one room , and when they were small rooms , two or three . His mother came to see him every three weeks . They used to go out for a walk , but as the authorities were afraid they would run away , sometimes they used to have the girls' clothes on " . They were kept on three or four daya , sometimes a week . The gentlemen from the Holborn Union used to ask them if

      they were well . If they spoke the truth , the people used to beat them in the liouse afterwards . John Walsh was beaten for holding up his thumb . I got a pint of gruel and a slice ot bread for breakfast . I used to eat all I had for breakfast , dinner , and supper . I could eat double as much as I got . I only got as much as I could eat on Mondays . Sometimes I used to run into the hall and get some water out of the cans . We had a slice of Bread and half an ounce of cheese for supper . It was said the big

      boys' bread was quite four ounces . We did not feel that we had enough after we had our meals . We used to feel as hungry as we went in . I should not like to go back . —Coroner : If you were to go back , what would you like to have altered ? All the meals , sir . ( A laugh . ) I have enough to eat where lam now . The boys who were ill never said what it was that they thought made them ill . —Coroner : The doctors have a difficulty in telling what is the cause of tho cholera . What do you think is the cause ? Not having enough to eat .

      William Derly , aged 8 , could not read . This witness and Emily Uungerford , aged 11 , had not enough to eat , and were afraid to complain for fear of being punished- Sometimes the bread would be mouldy . The girl Baynes was beaten for saying she had not enough to eat . Henry Hartshorn , aged 14 . —Has neither father nor mother living , and no brothers and sisters . Went from the Holborn Union Workhouse to Tooting . Was there one year and three months . Came back to the Royal Free Hospital on Friday . Has been well ever since . I could always eat my bread . I had not enough . I could eat two more allowances . Sometimes the meat was not good . The meat was quite hard . Had bread and cheese for supper .

      Sever had enough . Was always hungry . I saw tho gentlemen when they came down , and told them I had not enough to eat . Mr . W . Drouet said I was the rin g leader of all the bov . s . AVelsh was the boy who was beaten . Two were beaten after tlie guardians went away . I said to the guardians , in the presence of Mr . Drouet , I had not enough to eat . Mr . Drouet said it was not a proper question to ask the children . Did not get more food in consequence of complaining . I wanted more pudding , and more of everything . Should not like to go back . If I were going back I should wish for more victuals . Have not been ill , nor had any attack in my stcmach or looseness in my bowels . I never sold cakes ; sometimes I bought cakca , liad toast and water for dinner .

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      Mr . Kite recalled . —Had not heard of any complaint of their wanting water . —Re-examined : Most boys complained of their not having water . Emily Hungeuford recalled—Got water to drink from the taps . Sometimes they would take the pot away and box their ears for it . Sometimes she used , to cive bread away for water . John ' Welsh , aged 14 , was one year . at Tooting . Complained to the guardians of not having . enough to eat . Had held up his hand when the guardmna asked if they had notcnoughto eat . Drouet was present . The schoolmaster flogged me , and said , " If you tell the guardians I'll give you a little more to eat . " Did not complain to Drouet that Brown had

      flogged him , because Mr . Drouet would , have whacked him . The boys used to get a cap full of potato-peelings and sell them for a halfpenny .. Could not get as much water as he wanted . If they complained that they wanted drink he whacked them all the same . The witness gave many other instances of ill-treatment . ., . , .. Sarah Srittlkthorp , aged 14 , said she knew all of thedeee- ised . Was at Mr . Drouet's seven months . Never liad sufficient to eat , but did not like to comp lain to the guardians . Had not enough to eat at any meal . It being now near six o'clock the Coroner adjourned the further inquiry till Tuesday .

      ADJOURNEO INQUEST . The inquest on the four children who died in tho Free Hospital , on being removed from Mr . Drouet's establishment , was ^ resumed on Tuesday before Mr . Wakley , at the Globe Tavern , Derby-street , Gray ' sinn-road . On information given by the foreman of the jury , John Sau . vders , tailor , and an inmate of the Union workhouse , who had charge of the children on Friday last , deposed that , after the examination , Mr . Drouet ( who , on being asked , said his name was Bartholomew Peter ) entered the tap-room where he was . He said to one of the children , " As for you , you lying young scoundrel , you'll be taken notice of before the * night is over . " That child ' s name is Henry Hartshorn , lie was one of the witnesses who had just been under examination . He did not address any of the other children . I did not interfere , for Mr . Drouet went away directly .

      The Coroner , after censuring the conduct of Mr . Drouet , did not think it necessary to pursue the matter further . Sarah Sellers , an inmate of St . Pancras Workhouse , went to Drouet ' s establishment as nurse , and attended to the children for ten days . The ward was very dirty indeed . We cleaned it . We had two little boys of the establishment to assist us in taking away the slops , < fec . Mr . LovtcK , assistant surveyor to the Metropolitan Commissioners of Sewers , understood from the surveyor of highways that ono of the ditches had been cleared out about a fortnight before . There was water running in it , but parts contained stagnant mud .

      Mr . Kite , surgeon , said he had seen the ditch or drain cleaned out twice during the two months ho had been in the asylum . The last time was about a fortnight previous to tho 29 th of December . It was then done under the direction of the local sanitary committee . The first time it was done at Mr . Drouet ' s expense . Mr Lovick had no hesitation in saying , that tho state of the ditches there must have exercised a prejudicial effect upon the inmates of Mr . Drouet ' s establishment , at least , in certain winds . Mr . E . G . Livesat , a member of the sanitary committee , and master of a boarding school at Tooting , described the situation of the ditch . Where there was a rectangular turn there was a collection of

      O . _ _ . _ * * *¦_ J * 11 * , 1 M offensive matter . Was in the habit of calling that the cesspool of Tooting . Considers Tooting a healthy p lace . The children in his care had never been so healthy as within the last six months . William Pokier examined . —I am a master shoemaker , and have resided in Mr . Drouet ' s establishment these ten years . I superintend tho boys , drill them , < fec . At the suggestion of Mr . Ballantine , Mr . Drouet here signed nis dietary table approved by the guardians , and handed it in . On being given to the witness , he said—I have seen the diet given to the children according to this table . The arrow root and flour mentioned for breakfast is usually thick—quite as thick as treacle . The meat weighed to them is

      without bone ;—By the Coroner : Were there any other persons who lived on exactly the same food as the children ? No ; not exactly . Others had the same meat , but they cooked it as they pleased . Neither were they limited to the gruel . There are no quantities mentioned for supper , but they have about the same quantity for supper as breakfastabout five ounces of bread at least for the larger boys . I cannot say the differenee between that and what was jjiven to the small boys , but there was a considerable difference in size . A four pound loaf was cut into thirteen pieces . Mr . Winch , a poor-law guardian , said he saw a loaf cut , and on counting the pieces , found sixteen . Witness . —I never know a loaf to bo cut into

      sixteen pieces . I always cut the upper part into seven , and the other into six pieces . Sometimes a boy would complain of his bread being small , and as there was always some left in the tray , I would give him another slice upon seeing that it was so . The boys all appeared satisfied . I did not ask them , but they would complain if they were not . With regard to water , they could always get it whenever they wanted it . I never strapped a boy for asking to go out in a case of necessity , and never knew such a thing to have been done in the school . The book referred to on a former day as containing the reports of the visiting guardians of the several unions having children at the Tooting asylum , was here put in as evidence , and received . Mr . W . B . Whitfield , medical officer of the Holborn Union , deposed to the removal of the children

      from Tooting , and the death of several from cholera since their arrival . " I attribute the outbreak of cholera at Tooting to the existence of a poison in the atmosphere , which I believe still exists in it . I attribute the spread and large amount of the disorder to several causes—first , excessive cold and the imperfect manner in which the children were protected from cold ; second , tho overcrowding of the children and the want of proper ventilation ; of the third cause I cannot speak with certainty , but considering the tumid state of the abdomen and the weak state of the lower extremities of several children , it is possible that the diet was not sufficient to give them that strength which would have been necessary to enable them to resist thosejprejudicial influences to which I refer . I think it probable thoy would not have died if they had been previously in a better condition physically . "

      Henry Witiiall , registrar of births and deaths Mr Tooting , Graveny , and Streatham , had registered no deaths by cholera at Tooting , except those at Mr . Drouet ' s establishment . Mr . W . MAnspEN , one of tho surgeons of the Royal Free Hospital , bore testimony to tho emaciated state of the children , which he accounted for by their having lived too much on fluids . He save their complaint the name of the Tooting maladyit was not in his opii-kmtifitoholcra , but a species of asphyxia , from overcroj |^ rog . Ho instanced the case " of the black-hole ill Calcutta , the Scotch case of the children in tho corn-bin , and affirmed that carbonic acid gas would produce symptoms precisely similar to those of cholera . The Royal Maternity Hospital in Dublin received 7 , T 00 children in four years , and out of that number , 2 , 792

      died of a disease similar to that of the Tooting children . An inquiry was instituted , and it was ascertained that the mortality had arisen from want of ventilation . On a change being made in that particular , the mortality ceased . In tho Grotto del Cane at Naples , the mephitic vapour produces symptoms exactly like those of cholera . I do not think the external atmosphere had anything to do with it . The children were breathing an atmosphere so mephitic , from the amount of carbonic acid gas , as to be almost deadly . Finally , I attribute the disorder , first , to improper diet ; secondly , insufficiency of clothing ; thirdly , low temperature ; and lastly , the generally humid state of the atmosphere . These are predisposing causes , and the immediate cause was the poisonous atmosphere b eathed by the children .

      Dr . Garrod had made a post mortem examination of the bodies . Tho result was , his decided opinion that the deaths had been caused by cholera . Several reports of the guardians were read , commendatory of the foodand cleanliness of the establishment . After the cholera broke out , warmer clothing and fires were recommended . Kkzia Diamond re-examined . —The children were in a very bad state when they came to the union . Believe that their feet would have fallen off if they had not been brought to town and cared for . They looked very pale and thin . They have had wine , porter , meat , and rice pudding , since their return . They don't look like tho samo children . Mr . Grainger wished to make a statement in

      reply to something which had been said at the last meeting . At the former sitting , Mr . Kite was made to say that " he did not know where Mr . Grainger had got his information . " I now beg to state that I cot it from Mr . Kite himself , and the other medical officers . He had reported thirty-eight cases of diarrhwa on Mr . Kite's authority . The Coronkr here interposed , and expressed his belief that the misunderstanding arose from Mr . Grainger and Mr . Kite having had different dates in their minds .

      Mr . Kite was called , and acknowledged the truth of Mr . Grainger * s statement . Mr . Grai-vger then read a report prepared by him and Dr . Arthur Farre , at the desire of the Board of Health , as to the state of the pauper children since their return from Tooting . They had examined 500 children , two-thirds of whom ln-d the itch . The aspect of all was most unhealthy . They had visited Mr . Aubyn ' s establishment aiso , and had not found a single case of itch or sore head amono- 530 children .

      Other witnesses -were examined , when an adjournment took place , from five to seven o ' clock . At that hour , the Coroner proceeded to charge the

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      iury James Andrews and other children were sent to Mr Drouet ' s from the Holborn Union at a charge of 4 s ( id . per week each , including every expense . He did not think that any complaint ought to be made against tho guardians for the sum . In h » opinion , it was a liberal sum : but , whether liberal or not Mr Drouet had no business to undertake to maintain the children for , that sum unless he waa prepared to maintain them , and did his duty towards them . The guardians having entered into an en" aeement with Mr . Drouet , paid occasional visits to fus ° establishment . One would suppose , from the reports which were entered on the visitors books , that Argus himself had seen the establishment , and that eyes innumerable had been inspecting all that was passing within its precincts . There was nothing cut it T"ii ___ _ L

      but approval , nothing but satisfaction , seemed they were content with investigation which aome might think superficial . Common sense might have indicated the propriety of callin g the children into a private apartment , where the infants might feel they were not in the power of any one connected with the establishment to hear what was passing . They might have been asked , " Are you abused , flogged , or ill-treated by anybody ? " These were questions which one might suppose that a guardian —called a guardian in law , but not seeming a guardian in fact—would put to an infant child , who was helpless and dependent in an establishment like that of Mr . Drouet . Unfortunately , no such examination was instituted . Tho first child died from

      cholera on the 30 th December , but no official notice was communicated to the board till Wednesday , January 3 , when many had been destroyed . That omission was an extraordinary fact in this case , but up to this moment it remained unexplained . Parochial children , in point of law , wore entitled to tho same amount of protection as the children of the rich . No intimation was conveyed to the guardians of what was transpiring in Surrey Hall until 3 rd January . Parties could only be strictly responsible in one case by a verdict of murder ; in the other , by a verdict of manslaughter . It was his conviction that the guardians were not legally responsible . He absolved the board from moral responsibility , but not the visitors . There were other parties , and it was

      necessary they should be noticed . These were the Poor Law Commissioners , the Assistant-Commissioner , Mr . Hall—there was Mr . Kite , and Mr . Drouet , the proprietor of the institution . In 18 p 4 , the Poor Laws were changed , and a Commission was appointed , which was to set everything right . The Commissioners were empowered to make regulations to enable them to annul any contract with tho houses which took children as often as they should have occasion . Mr . Drouet's establishment had not really been under the superintendence and control of the Commissioners . Mr . Hall had visited the institution as a kind of amateur traveller . Ho stated in his evidence that he firmly believed the Commissioners had the power of preventing any parish from sending their children to such an establishment . The Commissioners had acted as the

      law empowered them to act , and he held that , on this occasion , they were absolved from tegal responsibility . Who was the next party ? Mr . Hall , a gentleman of hig h character , who acted under the authority of the Commissioners . Mr . Hall paid his visits and reported , and saw little or nothing wrong in the establishment . It was unfortunate for children that there should be this ill-defined arrangement as to those who were to carry into effect the operation of the law . He held that Mr . Hall was absolved from legal responsibility , but he did not think he could be complimented for tho manner in which he had discharged his duty . It was clear that he nerer intimated what was of importance in reference to Mr . Drouet ' s establishment . Mr . Kite , the surgeon of Mr . Drouet ' s establishment , had boon there two months at the time of the outbreak

      of the cholera . He ( the Coroner ) was Anxious to know on what conditions ho had entered the establishment , and Mr . Kite summed up all by saying that he considered it his duty to attend to the sick . All that Mr . Kite apparently had to do was to prescribe for those who were sick , ne had no knowledge of the circumstances under . ' which water was given Tto the children , or that they had not a free supply at all hours . Was Mr . Kite , then , responsible at law ? It was his ( the Coroner ' s ) conviction that he was not responsible . There was one other party , then , to bo named , and that was Mr Drouet , who entered into a long contract to feed , clothe , and lodge the ^ hildren from the Holborn Union . Mr Drouet voluntarily entered into this arrangement with the board of guardians . He held that if it should appear that the life of any child liad been lost from what had occurred at tho

      establishment , Mr . Drouet was responsible . Mr . Drouot was bound by his engagement to adequately clothe , adequately feed , and adequately lod < re thoso children . A dietary was furnished by * Mr Drouet , Mr . White was satisfied with this dietary table . On looking at Mr . White , lie ( the Coroner ) would have said , if there was a surgeon in London whom lie would have selected to make out a dietary table , he would have selected that man . But was this a sys . tern to be endured in the hospitable land of Old England , that children's stomachs were to be estimated by the ounce ? It was a . shocking , an odious , an abominable system , and it was an abomination to the charcter of this country that such a thing should ever liavo been endured . Infant pauper children , dependent on the guardians , liad an inefficient diet . What were the results ? Early disease and early and lasting decreptitude . He had one prescription for the treatment of these children .

      which was to give them at least twice a day a bellyful of good food . The doling out bread in ounces , and hearing them say they could eat more , was disgusting . He now came to what had been deemed the cause of deatli in this case . J . Andrews died 10 hours after lie returned from Mr . Drouet ' s establishment . The jury had heard evidence from a great variety of medical gentlemen . With one exception , all had agreed that the disease of which the children died was Asiatic cholera . The great question was whether the life of the individual was lost owing to what occurred in Mr . Drouet's , or from causes over which ho had no control . Much had been said about drains and ditches , so that we might almost believe that this beautiful land had become a great cesspool . This had become almost a species of cant . It had been said that a dunghill should be immediately removed ; that it was dangerous to health . Where was it accumulated bv the fawner ?

      Directly before his door . And where did they see the fine ' st specimens of Englishmen and women ? In the farm-houses of the country . The jury had had before them the registrar of the district , and he had stated that not another death from cholera had occurred at Tooting . Another witness never met with such a healthy place . The jury were bound to give due weight as to the exciting causes of the death of J . Andrews , and' they must determine whether it occurred from circumstances over which Mr . Drouet had control , or from circumstances which were beyond his power . As to the 2 > ost mortem examination , the uniform appearance was striking , and all were led to believe that spasmodic or malignant cholera was the cause of death , and all admitted that the

      predisposing cause was the overcrowding of children together in the establishment . The evidence of inlufficient nourishment was very strong . As to the accommodation in Mr . Drouet ' s establishment , no person who had heard the evidence could believe they had sufficient room . The beds were six inches apart ; there were three or four in a bed . In reference to the evidence of the children their manner indicated that they spoke the truth ; the jury would not forget how uniform was their statement as to the insufflcieney of diet . The evidence as to the health of the children was uniformly that it was in a bad state . This indicated great neglect , and the responsibility lay with Mr . Drouet and no one else . In former times it happened that where an individual by neglect or insufficient food caused the death of another , he was guilty of murder ; if a gaoler gave a person insufficient food , he was guilty of murder ;

      if an individual killed another by any act of his it was manslaughter . In the case of James Andrews , they must not fasten on an individual that which belonged toasystem , but if they believed that , owing to neglect , the children had lost their lives , they should be equally firm in their verdict . The jury retired about half-past nine o ' clock , and on their return , in about an hour , tho foreman read the following verdict : " We , the jury impanelled to inquire touching the death of James Andrews , unanimousl y agree to the following verdict , which is , that Peter Drouet is guilty of manslaughter , and that the guardians of tho Holborn union have acted most negli gently in their engagement with Mr Drouet , also in their visits to his establishment , and we regret that the Poor-law Act is insufficient for the purposes for which it was intended , and hope the time is not far distant when the necessity for such establishments as Mr Drouet ' s will entirely cease . "

      The Coroner : I should flinch from my duty if I were to refrain from expressing my opinion that your verdict is strictly just , and that , if I had been a juryman , my verdict would have been the same « i ° ?? w- 'f ' !™ 1011 of the jury is unanimous that Mr Wmch has done his duty , so far as lav in ins power , in bringing this case before us . The coroner then ordered the arrest of Mr Drouet but upon being informed that he had left the room two llOlU'S previous to tho verdict loin * < nven the coroner issued his warrant for his apprehension ' At the Rail Court on Wednesday , before Mr Justice Erie , Mr Ballantine applied for a rule to show case why Mi- Drouet , the proprietor of the infant pauper establishment at Tooting , against whom the coroner ' s jury had on Tuesday , returned a verdict of Manslaughter , should not be admitted to bail Mr Justice Erle said the proper course would be for the deposition to be officiall y brought before

      Mr Bahaxtixe then presented an affidavit hut Mr Justice Eric , after consulting ^" the registri romthe Crown-office , said he did not thinkthc afhdavit stated su&cient facts to induce him to grant the application of the learned counsel At a later period of the day Mr . Ballantine put in a more extended a&d . mt , upou which his lordship

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      granted a rule absolute for a certiorari to bring up the depositions , and a rule nisi to show cause why Mr . Drouet should not be admitted to bail . Mr . Ballantine said it would be more convenient for Mr . Drouet to come up on Saturday than on Friday , as ho had orig inally suggested . INQUEST AT ISLINGTON . This inquiry Was resumed on Tuesday , when the vestry clerk , MrJOldershaw , deposed that the parish had no written agreement with Mr . Drouet relative to the diet or general treatment of the pauper children sent from Islington to Tooting . INQUEST AT HACKNEY . This inquest was resumed on Tuesdayjbefore Mr . Baker , when , after tho examination of Mr Oldershaw , the vestry clerk of St . Mary's Islington , the inquiry was again adjourned . _* -. Mn * % ^ A-i-l-n % 4 iil-n ft ho _ r \ Iii + _ rx ^ r \ n *\ rt / itv ^^ -r-i . ta- ' -wwvt + _ T * I ^^ YTl Cf 111 b

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      C- imbbrwell . —A public discussion was held , last week , in the School Room of the Rev . John Burnett , on the question of " Morality . " The Rev . gentleman occupied the chair . A deputation was present from the Executive of the National Charter Association who were invited by tho Camberwell friend ? , and the morality debated was political . Messrs . Webber , Yines , Stallwood and others took an active part , and every allusion to the People ' s Charter was vehemently applauded , although the audience \ m mainly composed of persons of tho middle class . The debate was conducted with the greatest decorum and order , the freest discussion was not only permitted but invited . Such discussions must tend much to the dissemination of sound political information amongst both the middle and working classes . Th » next discussion was announced for tho 30 th inst ., on " What Lessons does History teach ?"

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      CORN . FbidAT , Jan . 19 th . —The arrivals are good of foreign wheat and Irish oats , but of English or other grain there 13 not much reported . Wheat has a slow sale this morning at Monday ' s prices . Only the finest sorts of harley sell ; other kinds are neglected . Oats meet a very limited de-TlAiiK-IiAtfl ., Monday , Jan . 22 . - The show of wheat sam - ples from Essex and Kent this morning was moderate , but we had good arrivals from the Continent during the past week . English sold pretty readily , and free foreign wheat in retail to-day at last Monday ' s prices ; but buyers generally : u-e holding off for the 1 st February . In flour but little doing . Tine samples of English malting barley are scarce and wanted , and grinding and distilling qualities , both of English and Foreign , sold fully us dear . Beans and peas dull . We had a large arrival of Irish oats , but few of English or Foreign . The trade was slow at 6 d . per qr . reduction upon last Monday ' s quotations . Bonded oats sold pretty freely without alteration , in value . Rye dull . In tares very little doing . Linseed and cakes dull . Ked cloverseed meets with a sale at from 37 s to 38 s for good , and 40 s per cwt ., for fine new French , and for white rather niore inquiry . Wednesday , Jan . 24 . —The supplies of grain fresh in this week are but trifling ; but the quantity in granary is large . However , every article is . held very finnly , us we ara looking for buyers presenting themselves from various parts , to the extent of soon diminishing the accumula t ion , BREAD . The prices of wheaten bread in the metropolis are from 7 Ad to 8 d ; of household ditto , 5 M to 7 d per 41 bs loaf .

      CATTLE . Fbidat , Jan . 19 th . —The supply of beasts was small , quite adequate , however , to the demand . The mild weather and the glutted state of the dead markets caused a very slow trade here , at a reduction of fully 2 d . per 81 bs . The number of sheep was rather larger than on Friday last , but still small ; prices remained about the same as on Monday . There were a few more calves on offer ; choice ones maintained late quotations ; but few inferior were a little lower , with a slow trade . The weather was against the sale of pigs , but there was very little alteration iu PI Smithfield , Monday , Jan . 22 . — There was exhibited for sale in to-day ' s market a very limited supply of foreign stock . As lias beeu the case for some weeks past , the beasts were in a very inferior condition , and thu quality of the sheep and calves was indifferent . All breeds were a slow sale , but we have no actual decline to notice in the

      quotations . The primest Scots were in moderate request , at Friday ' s decline in the currencies of 2 d per 8 lbs . — the rates of that description of stock varying from 3 s lOd to 4 s per Slbs . All other breeds of beasts were dull in the extreme , and the late fall in value was with difficulty supported . The whole of the beasts were not disposed of . Notwithstanding there was a further somewhat considerable decline in the numbers of sheep , we have no improvement to report in the mutton trade . The best old downs may be considered steady , at prices equal to those paid on this day se ' nnig ht . All other kinds of sheep were in moderate request , at last week ' s quotations . Host of the sheep were disposed of . In calves—the supply of which was small —comparatively little business was doing , at late rates . The pork trade was ' in it very sluggish state , at barely stationary prices . Trice per stone of 81 bs . ( sinking the offal ) Beef .. 3 s Od to 4 s Od Veal .. 3 s 6 d to 4 s Oi Mutton .. 3 i .. 1 10 l ' ork .. S 6 .. 4 8 Per Slbs . by the carcase . Newgate and Lkadenuau ., Monday , Jan . 22 . — Inferior beef , 2 s Cd to 2 s 8 d ; middling ditto , 2 s lOd to 3 s ; prime large , 3 s 2 d to 3 s 4 d ; prime small , 3 s id to 3 s Cd ; large pork , 3 s Od to 3 s Sd ; inferior mutton , 2 s Cd to 3 s 2 d ; middling ditto , 3 s 4 d to 3 s lOd ; prime ditto , 4 s to 4 s 4 d ; veal , 3 s 4 d to 4 s 4 d ; small pork , 3 s lOd to 4 s Cd .

      PROVISIONS . lioxvox , Monday . —With lai ^ ge supplies of produce frora Ireland and the United States , our markets in the past week ruled dull . In Irish and foreign butter the transactions were few and unimportant . Prices for each the turn cheaper . Irish bacon sold slowly , to minor extent , and prices declined Is to 2 s per cwt . Of bale and tierce middles the same may be reported . Hams 4 s to Gs per cwt . lower in price , and no increase in the demand . In lard no material change . American-singed bacon and scalded , boneless , long middles attracted attention ; the quality , flavour , cut , and cure being much superior to that of last season , and sold rather freely , at Is to 2 s per cwt . decline . Cheese , January 22 . —The trade is dull , except for very fine , of which scarcely any can be had ; the middling * sorts sell badly . Cheshire , 54 s to 62 s , fine 70 s to 74 s , Chedder , GOs to 74 s , Derby , Ms to ( JGs , double Gloster , 50 s to UUs , superfine , 04 s to iios , thin Gloster , 00 s to 56 s , thin Wilts , 3 Ss to 47 s , lojif 00 s to 70 s , Americ-an , 40 s to 50 s . Edams , ; Ws to 42 , Gonda , 32 s to 38 s , Derby Gonda , 40 s to 42 s . English Mutter , Jan . 22 . —Our trade continues in th » same depressed state , and the bulk of stock in casks here is almost unsaleable , the quality being very inferior , and weather all agaiust sale of such .

      VEGETABLES . Covest Gardes . —The supply of pine-apples continues to be sufficient for the demand . Hothouse grapes are scarce . Foreign ones tolerably well supplied . Pears chiefly consist J'eurre Bailee , Easter Beure , Ne Plus Jfeuris , jand Old Colmar . Apples are not over plentiful . Nuts in general are sufficient for the demand . Oranges and lemons arc plentiful . Amongst vegetables , carrots , and turnips are abundant and good ; cauliflowers , broccoli , « ke ., sulKcii-nt for the demand . Asparagus , French beans , rhubarb , and seakale , are plentiful . France , Belgium , and Holland still contribute considerably to the stock of potatoes .

      POTATOES . - Southwaik , Waterside . — From the prevalence of southerly winds , our market has been sparingly supplied the last fortnight , which has caused a lai ^ ge quantity of warehoused potatoes to he cleared away . The following are this day ' s quotations : — Yorkshire Hegents , 100 s to 140 s ; Newcastle and Stockton , ditto , 90 s to 100 a ; Scotch ditto , 90 s to 120 s ; ditto cups , 70 s to 90 s ; ditto whites , 6 u » to 80 s ; French ditto , 80 s to 110 s ; Belgian ditto . 80 s tg aOs : Dutch ditto , 503 to 70 s . .

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      DEATHS . We regret tc record the death of William John Plavtera Wilkinson , Esq ., of Exeter , formerly Mayor of that \ -itv and representative of the Devonshire Chartists in the Convention of 1848 . We had the honour of sitting in the Na . tional Convention with Mr . Wilkinson , and dined with him almost daily . We found him open and manly , possessing a soul imbued with the truest patriotism . When the oh-Btmacy of the Kussell ministry , the falsehoods of certain p ublic journalists , and the unguarded expressions of hungry and enthusiastic men , almost forced the iMisli imUtary and the English populace into collision , Mr Wilkinson rose in his place in the Convention , and said with all the majesty of a man who was true to himself-- " H the of lite

      giving up my , the shedding of ray blood , would appease either the government or the people , and prevent tins collision I would gladly d . e . " This was no mock expression of lugh-sounduig bombast ; his "words were things ; " and our departed friend was too honest to shrink from what he said , in the hour of peril . On the moS of the 10 th of April he took his place on one of the front seats in the large van that headed the Kennington Com . mon procession , although he , like others we could name , was previously informed that he was " a inarlwd man . " To the members of the deceased patriot ' s family—those among whom he lived and moved , and who every day enjoyed the benign influence of his chastened and elevated mind—the loss must ever be irreparable . . "He was—words fail to say what—Think what should

      a man be—he was that ! " Mr . Robert Cadell , of Edinburgh , who for th ^ ° kst " thirty years held a very prominent situation as bookseller and Publisher , but cliiefly in connexion with the works of Sir Widter Scott died on the SOth instant , at Ids seat near Edinburgh . Mr . Cadell married the daughter of the late -Ur . Constable , and was introduced into partnership with that gentleman shortly after the publication of Sir Walter ' s first poems . On his first wife dying , Mr . Cadell sometime afterwards married Miss Mylne , who survives him . Subsc quently he became sole publisher of Sir Walter Seutt '* works ; the profits on the sale of which , since 1829 , bare been estimated at not less than a quarter of a million sterling . Ethnological science , has recently sustained a serious loss by the death of Dr . Priehard , the author of "Researches into the Physical History of Man , " ' Natural History of Man , " and many other Ethnological worlts . The Swiss historian , John Gaspard Urelli , died lately at Zurich , aged sixty-two . The deceased tuuk an active share in the liberation of Greece .

      Of cholera , at Glasgow , Professor Thomson , who long filled the Natural Philosophy Chair in the University of that city . Two Roman Catholic Bishops liavc died within the past few days : Dr . Maginn , Bishop of Derry ; and Dr . Walsh , Bishop of Cloyne and Ross . M . d'Ussel , former page of Louis XV ., Lieutenant-Colonel of the 6 tli re ^ imc-iit of dragoons in 179 * . a . nl created b : i \ -on of tho Empire by Napoleon , died at Flayat , on tho latH inst ., in the 102 nd year of his age . On the 13 th inst ., at the lloyal Military Asylum , Chelsea , after a lingering illness , Captain William Si ' borne , author of "the History of the War in France and Belgium in 1 S 1 D , " and the constructor of the Waterloo model .

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      in the parisn . nuuc , n-- , ax cue rrcnungotlice 10 " , Great Windmill-street , Haymarket , in the Citv Of Westminster , for the Proprietor , FEARGUS O'CONNOK , Esq . M . P ., and published by the said William Rideb , at the Office , in the same street and parish , —Saturday , January 27 th , 181 ? , ^*

      Gtovtims &T.

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      THE NORTHERN STAR . Janoab . 27 18 . 9 . - ^^ — - ^^ - ^ - ^^^^^^^^ B ^^^ B ^ BB ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ l ^ BB ^ B ^ H ^ t ^ B ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^*^^^^ " ^^^^^^^^^

      Oi Oi Imiimsiex Printed By William Rider, Of No. 5, Macclesfield-Street, * •!__.__•__&Gt;__. A Ji» —. "Llr_~__L ?_._.__._! _. __.__. __.!__ • A •

      oi oi iMiimsiex Printed by WILLIAM RIDER , of No . 5 , Macclesfield-street , * •!__ . __•__>__ . A ji » — . "llr _~__ L ?_ . _ . __ . _! _ . __ . __ . __ . !__ a

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Jan. 27, 1849, page 8, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1507/page/8/