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Northern Star (1837-1852), 25th November 1848, Edition 1 of 3, Page 3

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      Untitled Article

      """ "' WHAT IS A PEER ! TThatUa Peir ? An aseku thing—Acottly toy to please a King—A proper near the throne ; A lamp of animated clay—A gaudy pageant of the day—* An ucufiui—• draw . "What li a Peer I A nation ' s curse—A Pagfu on the public purse—Corruption ' s own Jackal j—A . haughty domineering blade—i A Cuckold at a masquerade—ADudyatabill . Te Butterflies wucm Kings create—Te Gatupillan of the State—Know that your Una is sear : Enlightened Franco will lead the Tan , ' To overthrow jour worthless elan ; This moral learn—that Gen made Haa But never aade a P « r ! MUBaadPrtgre tslsmst

      Untitled Article

      A TRtBUTE OF BBSPEOr TO THE KKHORY OF THE bATE MR COUNCILLOR 6 RIG 63 OF SHEFFIELD , AN UNCOMPHO 1 US 1 NG ADTOCATE OF THE PEOPLE ' RIGHTS .

      * An honest man ' s the noblest work of God . '— Pom . Xea ! honett Briggs hath breathed his list , His earthly sun hath set ; The tells and cares of life art put , And paid is nature ' s debt . The poor have hat a generous friend—In whom they could confide ; Their cause he studied to defend , And ofl their wants supplied . Let not the tongue of slander dare , E ' er trifle with his nsme ; Or malice spread her envious snare . His honour to defame . He courted not the world ' s applause , Bis actions were tlnoere ; His eouIw&i wrapt In freedom ' * cans , 'Which cost him mans a tear .

      Hor was it simple fane he sought . His thosghts were pure sad free ! "With heart and voice he nobly fesght—For Right and Liberty . Tioigh humble , yet 'tis well to keow—Since busy Ufa began—To rich and poor , to friend and foe , He was at heart—* man ! Such honest worth demands a sigh Front every throbbing breast ; A pitying tear from every « je , A trofe tint fee is blest . Sbeffidd . J . W . Xmo .

      Untitled Article

      Popular iMology tested by Modem Science . By a Well-Wisher to Society . London : J . Chapman 143 . Strand . This work cornea before the pnblio ia the shape of A . Series of Lrttera to a Friend . '—letters which , are likely to procure the author many friends and many fees . The interested supporters , of the reigning ' spi . ritual * delusion—all who , like Demetrius , the silvereaith , might say , ' by thia craft we have oar wealth , ' —all such will , of coarse , raise aa outcry against a writer who has the boldness to bring their fictions to the test of facts . On the other hand , the seekers

      after truth—especially those who may be yet strugg ling in a sea of doubt—will be grateful to the' Wellwisher to Society' for supplying them with this aslistant to guide them out of their difficulties . The author is evidently a man of first-rate identifie attainments . Ha folly understands bis subject , and takes care that his readers shall be equally well-informed . At the same time he is so pedant ; his arguments are expressed in the language of the jaople . We take from Letter VL the following extract from the works of Baron Yon Baohenbaeh , explaining the' airy nothings' of

      Amstnoss . A singular occurrenot , wUch took place at Colour , ia the garden of the poet PfeSU , has been made generally known fey various writings . The following are the essential facts . Tie poet being blind , had employed a young clergyman of the evangelical church as amanuensis . Pfefftl when he walked out , was supported and led by ' this youag man whose name was Billing . As they walked in the gardea , at some distance from the taws , Pfefiell observed that , u often b » they passed over * particular spot , the ana of Billing trembled , and lie betrayed uBeaiin « s . On being asked , the yenng man reluctantly confessed that , as often as he passed over that spot , certain feelings attacked him , which he could aot control , aad which he knew well , as he always

      experienced the same in passim ; over any plsce where human eorpscs lay buried . Ha added that , at night , when he came near such places , he saw supernatural appearances . PfeffeU with the view of caring tie youth of what he looked on as a fancy , went that nlgkt with Urn t o the garden . As they approach *! the spot in the dark , Billing perceived ¦ feeble light , aad when still nearer , he saw a luminous ghost-Iiko form Sjatog over the spot . This he describe * as a female form , with one arm laid across the boiy , the other hanging down floatisg in the upright posture , but tranquil , the feet oaly abasdireath or two above the soQ . Pftffcll went alone , as the young man declined to follow him tip to the place where the figora was said to be , and strack about in all directions with his stick , besides running through the place of the figure ; bat the ghost was aot more affected than a flame woald have been ; the luralsous form , according to Billing , always retorasd to its

      original petition after these eiperimeats ; suny things were tried during ssvsral months , and numerous companies of people were brought to the spot , but the matter remained the same , and the ghost-seer adhered to his serious assertion , and to the opinitn founded on it , that some individual lay burfed there . At last , PfefiVll had tha place dog ; op . At * considerable depth was foaod a fimlayer of white Hm » , of the length and breadth of i grave , of considerable thickness , and whan this had been broken into , there wen found tao bonst ef a human feeing . It was evident that some eae had been buried in tae place and covered with a thick layer of lime , ( quiok lime ) , as is generally done In time of pestilence , of earthquakes , and other similar events . The bones were removed , the pit filled up , th « lime mixed and scattered abroad , and the surface again mad * smooth . When Billing was now brought back to the plaoe the phenomenon did not return , and the nootoraal spirit had for ever disappeared .

      It is hardly aesesiary to point out to toe reader what view the author takes of this story , which excited much attention is Germany , bectue It came from the most truthful man alive , and Theologians and Psychologists pve to it some terrific meaninf . It obviously falls iato the proviace of chemical action , and thas meets with a simple and clear explanation from oataral and physical cause * . A corpse is a field for abundant chemical changes , decomposition , fermentation , putrefaction , gasification , and general play of affinities . A stratum of < j : aick lime in a sarra w pit , onite » its powerful mfnnUitm to tbeaa of the organic matters , and givts rise to a continued working of the whoh . Rain water filters through aad coatribut « s to the action ; the lime on the outside of the van first falls to a fine powder , and afterwards , with

      more water forms lumps which arc very slowly penetrated by the air . Slaked lime , prepared for buildiag , bat not used oa accouat of some cause connected with a warlike state of society , tome centuries since , has been found in subterranean pits , ia the ruins of old castles , and the mass , except on the outside , was so unaltered feat It na » b « en used for modsrn buildings . It is evident therefore , that in such circumstances there mutt be a very slow and Ioog-oonOnu * d chemical action , partly owing to the slow penetratiea of tie mass of lime by the txternal caibaaic add , pirtiy to the ehugi going on in tke remains of anunal matter , at all erati as long as any is left . In the above case this mast have gone on inQPfeftVA ' s garden . ; and as we know that chemical action is invariably associated with light , visible to the sensitive , this most have been the origin of the luminous appsaracca , which again must have continued natil the mutual affinities of the organic remains , the l ime the air , sad water , had finally come to a state of chemical

      re * t ot equilibrium . Aa soon , therefore , a » a sensitive gfflsoa , although otherwise qalfe healthy , eame that way , and entered within the sphsre of the force in action , he mutt feel , by day , like Kr Billing , ( and like Ifde . Hak , the sensations eo oftea described ; and see , by sight , like IWs . Reicbel ) , the lumiaoai appearance . Ignorance , fear , and supersti tion , would sow dress up the feebly sifaing vaporous light Into a human form , an 5 furnish H with human limbs and members ; Just as we ^ aa , at pl easure fancy every cloud in the sky to represent a man or a demon . We have maca pleasure in reeommending this cW p , neat , well-written , and interesting work , si well calculated to aid the great work of popular enlightenment , & work which most precede political and social emencipatioa . An ignorant people may * in . but cannot retain liberty . Honour then to wose who wage war against auperstitian—the conwrretor of ignorance , and perpetuator of f roletarian

      Untitled Article

      Mi&storv ofh £ Lnni . By Themas Wright , Esq . Part III . London-: J . and F . Tallis , 100 , St John Siietf . Thia ^ rtof Mr Ifrujafs work , devoted to the « 'S of iho Engliek adventerera who accompanied «« suoseeded Strongiow , fosaishes painful evidence " Kt mtetsai division , much more than external aggression , was the eaeee of La / and ' s subjection to » e robb&r . r «! B of the Korman-Et-g « ah . Scarcely a P ? sewe turn over , bufc remind * as ci the stinging « prcoi addressed fay Moore te haeoon trymen"Xt Mfete , ' they'll « y , * a wsjwaft * !*»< " oar wefeof discord wove ; for whilByonr tyrantejoin'diabato , Xoa aererj «! a'din | or « i '

      Untitled Article

      | n the ) yets 1171 , Roderiak O'Connor , king of all inland , aided by a somber tf the Irish frineea , laid negs to Dablin , then occupied by Sttongb » w . The besieged made a sodden and unexpected sally , and O'Connor ' s own forces , being unprepared for the atUck , were routed with great slaughter * The Otkct chiefs who commanded the mass of the besiegers and whose troops had not been engaged with the enemy , iMtead of trying to reverie this defeat , at once broke up their eamps and retired without strik . ug a blow ! tor was this all , their persona feuds which they had for a moment bud aside were forthwith resumed , and the king of Muaster and the king ef Ossory recommenced the old game of mutual throat-eutting—of course sreatly to Hie advantage

      of the English invaders . Three years subsequently King Roderick , after over-musing Meath again , ad-Wnrad near to the walls of Dublin . ' But . ' says the historian' the Irish elans were as usual more inteat upon securing their plunder , thaa of following up their successes ; and , before the English had arrived , 0 Connor ! army had broken up aad separated , each chief returning to his own home . ' The war dwindled into a series of skirmishes and reprisals . Agaia , we read under the date of 1179 : —' The pacific state of the English territory was the consequence in a great maaanre of the troubled eondition of tha rest of Ireland . From ihanortt and weaiof Ulster , throughout Connaaght , and into Munster , the whole land was torn with civil csntentioi , and in the fierce

      struggle between ekief and chief , Eugk de lam / ap . peart to have acted o » the prudent policy of letting the natives fight their own battltt without interfering . ' In the very next page is the following : — ' In this year and the following ( 1181 . 82 ) , the damestio feuds among the clans of UUter appear to have broken out with increased violence , and De Couny , and hia English , no doubt took advantage of them to strengthen themtelves and extend tidr conquests . ' Thre * years subsequently , many of the Irish winceB took up arms to punish the insolenoe of Friuoe ( afterwards Kin «) John , but * The interests of the English were again served by those domestic feuds which had so constantly hindered the Irish from uniting , with any stability , in the common cause . ' Ia 1186 John de

      Coarcy ' i encroachments in Ulster were ' encouraged ty the renewal of the domestic feuds of the Irish , who hadnol long held together in their league against the English . ' It is giekeaing to read page after page of the bloody and senBriess contests of the Irish chiefs with each other . Sometimes they even hired the services of the English adveaturers , for the purpose of more effectually crushing their own countrymen . This part records the deaths of several of the Nor . man ehiefs , ( including the most celebrated of all—Straogbow ); De Courcy ' s invasion oi Ulster , the invasion of the island by Henry the Second , and that King ' s treaty with the native chiefs ; the violent

      death of O'Raare , the celebrated Prince of Breffny—one of the bravest and most uncompromising of the defenders of Irish liberty ; and the ruinous administration of that ecum of princes—John . A Chapter—the most interesting of the part—is dav « t « d to an account , oi abstract of' ( iiraldus Cam * brensis ' g Topography ot Ireland . ' GiralduVs accouat of the Irish and their country is' the description of a despised and persecuted people , drawn by analons partisan of those who persecuted and scorned theta ; ' Mr Wright , therefore , well says that the old Norman chronicler ' s praise and dispraise must be received with great caution . Siill his narrative is exceedingly interesting

      This part brings the history to the commencement of the wan between , the English aud Irish in the taignof King John- ( A . D ., 1210 . ) The illustration is a beautiful engraving on steel of 'The landing of the French in Bastry Bay . '

      Untitled Article

      • GLORY ! BUTCHERING BARBARITIES OF THE BRIGAND BUGEAUD . There has been lately published a book entitled * A Campaign in the Kabylie of Algeria . ' By Dawson Borrer , F . R . G . S ., &z . This gentleman being in Algeria in the year 1847 , volunteered his person to accompany an expedition , planned and led by Marshal Bugeaud , a g ainst the inhabitants of the Kabjle osuntry . or Highlands of Algeria . That unhappy people had gives no cause of offense to the French , but Marshal Bugeaud desired to ' strike terror , ' and reap ' la gloire '—saffioient reasons to justify the atrocities we are about to unfold , in the eyes of the miscreants and slaves who believe that' Oae murder makes the villain—Millions the hero !'

      MrBtrreriays : — The route of the expedition lay generally through a tract ef great fertility , smiling with corn fields aad olive plantations , wall watered , abounding with game , and rejoicing in all those bounties which Nature has poured upon the choicest regions of the earth , —with beautiful flowers , trees , and plants , the wools reiouading day and night with the song of the nightingale . Oa the 13 th of May the troops entered the territory of the Beni-Yalas , a numerous and warlike mountain tribe . The country through which the expedition advaneed was a ' jnost uniformly fruitful . The oolumn found it a paradise , and left it a desert . Ia a single paragraph we have pictured in DisoiATina zmci oi xhb viekch a&vahoe .

      Oflce more the trumpets struck up their lively and exciting airs , and the troopers burst forth in one wild chorus as the ringing notes died off ia sofc repeated echoes amidtt the neighbouring heights . Onward we marched , trampling beaeath our feet van extents of corn almost ready for tbe sickle , smUing fertility iifore us , deMstafton ia our rear . Emyblade and every head of corn too * crushed to lie earth . Tne march of eignt thousaad mea , accompanied by hundreds of wild Arab cavaliers dashtag here and there , some playing tbe fantasia , others chasing at fall speed the startled bare , or riding down-red-legged partridges , leaves ugly backs in a narrow cultivated valley .

      As the troops came within view of the mighty range of the Djarjor * , the Arabs assembled in great numbers , aad seemed disposed to resist the advance of the invaders . Beautifully situated In the recesses of the mighty mountains were tha villages of the Beoi . Abbes , appearing in the distance like nests of peace and happlness , but doomed to immediately become theabedss of dsspair , death , and desolation , ATTICS OH THE itSUl VILLAGES , Our oolumn continued te advance at a rapid paee , tbe KabtYtes fljisg from height to height , pouring ia at times heavy volleys , but at last falling back upon their t . Uite * , which now boistnpon cor sight . These villages

      were Bumerous . and generally tituate upon commanding summits ; tha tbpes wsia poulbly being cultivated with corn and olives . Lofty isolated toweis , tguared at tbe bue , then carried up in an octagonal form , overlooked these villages from the hills around . These peculiar structures were probably holy places of resort daring paaca , and during war served for watoh towers and defence . From the loopholes in them inoessaat shots were fired , but tbe garrisons soon wsre driven oat by a few discharges from the' obuilera . ' Thus the first three or four villages were speedily deserted by those of tbe inhabitants who could fly , and those tefo could not were stauattered . -

      Though the villages held out bat a short time , yet the fugitives had net lost all hope . Sasltered amongst rocks , brushwood , and groves of oltve-tzeeB , they still annoyed much tho advancing foioes . One mount ia particular , near the second village , they clung to very tenaciously , in obmmsadlng ' the passage to other settlemeats farther on . The aseent of this mount was difficult , and the summit , crowaed with masses of rough rock , intermingled with bratbwood , sheltered the defenders from ths repeatad volleys directed agalnit them . In a brief space of time the Arabs were scattered , and then ensued

      THE SACK OP mtiCEl AMD IIISSAOU OF [ IHBIBITAMIS . Still advancing by extremely ragged tracks , the rocks in some places forming perfect moantain stairs , with dsep ravines en one hand or the other , we came wi * bin sight of three villages lying cloie together , overlooked by a foarth in tbe background crowning the very summit of an extremely lofty moont—a spur , in fact , of a range * f heights beaimd It , bat presenting on one side a eralcal face , of most difficult access , np which aa Arab track , winding like a corfcecrew , might be disceraed alive with nosaerotu fugitives tiling towards the mm . mit with slow and difficult steps . Several tswera in the neighbourhood of these villages were garrisoned with enraged mountaineers , thirsting for vengeance , but aware that their only hope lay in the commanding stronghold above mentioned . Continual peffj of smoke issued from the towers , and bnllsSs rattled about

      us It was but a djlng struggle ! The villages in the foregronad were soon gained , the troops advancing ah | W < it MKW as well as the nature of tbe country noald permit , Per tbe cavalry it was diStult enough , ths elopes about these mountala homw being divided into plots by low walla of loose rocks thrown together . Dishiog tbe spurs into ouc horses' flanks , upwards we drove , howevar , at a heavy gall ? p , every man following according to ths ability of his steed . Some cleared tbe rocky divisions ; Eome fUundered over them ; others bit the dast , horse and rider , but always on the right side . More th 6 n one thlck-pated trooper will long remember how he tried the metal of tbe rock with his ekull that day . It was a hard ride , bat an exciting one The I villages wero all rarroondsd with wclia of about twelve | feet in height , and composed ot stoaes cemented together with mud mlugled with chopped straw , a strong eaoe of thorny tushes crowning them , and impenetrable

      Untitled Article

      The Miscellaneous Mathematical Papers of Oliver Byrne . Collected and edited by Joha Byrne , C . E . Lendon : Maynard . Oliver Byrne is a name long and favourably known to the Mathematical world . Mr John B yrne proposeBthe publishing of his numerous papers , and though they will make ten half-crown parts , he is able to announce their appearance ' independently of immediate pecuniary returns . ' This is a eleam from the age of enthusiasm in learning which we thought hsdpasged aray . Oliver Byrne has written both upoB the philosophy , as well as thesoience of

      mathematics , and his ingenious applications of the profound principles of magnitude and measure , evidence both the power and fecundity of original genius . We are promised , in the second part , Mr Byrne ' s famous demonstration of St Athanasius ' g Ctesd . by mathematical parallel . ' It Bhsll receive our patient attention . An analysis of the merits of Mr Byrne's matkematical writings will not be expected in our paper ; but we have great pleasure in testifying to our scientific friends , that this projected publication is , jud g ing from the number before ub , worthy their attention . The diagrams are well conceived , and executed with the average clearness to whioh these illustrations have attained .

      Untitled Article

      Liverpool . —Mkbtinq of xhb Tbadbs . —On Monday night , a numerous meeting of the trades was held at the Concert Hall , for the purpose of taking into consideration the beBt means of securing a fair trial to the twenty-five unionists now in caacodyin London , some under sentence of transportation , but in behalf of whom writs of error have been entered , and the others yet awaiting thefekials . The chair was occupied by Mr Harnott , tlie secretary of the Trades' Union , who introduced to the meeting Mr Hawkiworth , who entered into details of the treat * ment of working men in Sheffield , London , Ao . It appeared that out of twenty convictions in Sheffield , for conspiracy , &s > , seventeen were quashed upon appeal , and that in one in 3 tanoe several men sentenced to be transported for a leng term of years , had had their punbhment commuted by her Majesty to three years' imprisoHmenfc . The speaker , who was most energetic in his address , moved a resolution to the effect that the meeting was of opinion that the four razor-grinders , now under eentence of transportation , were illegally convicted ; that the twenty-one BtonemaaoDB , of London , who are indicted for conspiracy , and now waiting their trials at the Old Bailey Sessions , are unjustly accused ; and pledges itself to use all legal efforts to Becure for them a fair trial . This was unanimously carried . The second resolution was to the effect that the prosecution of these parties waa an attempt to crush the working man s best institution—the Trades' Unions—and pledges the meeting to keep up the agitation until the rights and privileges of the working classes were conceded . A third resolution sought a subscription for this purpose .

      Untitled Article

      ; ;— : — . TO THE PEOPLE OF ENGLAND . LeithV . Fblmw Ootojtrtmbit , —Every one is aware that the West Riding of Yorkshire exercises for geod or for evil , very considerable inflaenoe in our national again . Every Yorkshireman knows that Mr Wm . Rand has deservedly obtained a large Bhare of inftuence over the minds of his brother electors . Hence , at the last West Riding eleotion he w * a selected to second the nomination of Mr Cobden . The opinions of such a person will always have weight ; at this epoch they are unusually important . That is why I again solicit your wdivided attention to the letter of Mr William Rand .

      He repeatedly alludes to the exowaive burde n of the poor rates . 'The middle classes , the shop . keepers , and other tradesmen , ' ho says , ' are abao . mtely ea « n up with poor rates and other local burdena . An amount of poor rate absolutely ruinous . ' An amount of poor rates beyond endurance in these dwtno i . ' p uta ( itt addition to Urge Fl ^ WU y Mpeated fiubseriptions ) are , In many ? £ ??!• *» t"M » more ia the pound th&n the d * S ? S "Brioultural parts of the king-.. TJ . k . ^ oription of the poverty of our ' richest ' S » 'I ^ ry ap pallinsr , though by no means Burprising to those who understand the true priaoiples of social econom y . ? i , ^ " ^ tyled' philosophers' are now taught that their notions are erroneous . They imagined that the twin measures ef freedom of adion-the new j * 7 and Free Trade-would very materially reduce the amount of rate » .

      poor Lord Brtranhaai , while ' shuddering to describe the naked deformity of the old Poor Law . ' addressine their lerdships , said , 'The same hand which lays it bare to your eyes , and makes its asked deformity horrible to your sight , will be enabled , by yout assistaace , fo apply to the foul disease a safe , an effectual iremedy —that disease being no ether than very heavy peor rates , with their natural attoa . dants ! The Free Traders , too—the Leaguers , when they were ' lectnrine'the people out of their sensessaid' £ 4 , 6 * 00 . 000 would bo saved annually out of the poor rates by the repeal of the Corn Laws . ' ' If the landlords will repeal the Corn Laws , the merchants and manufacturers will agree to pay ail the poor rates .

      I do not remind you ef these delusive promise * in the spirit of triumph ; I am too happy that Mr Wm . Rand ( and I hope many hundreds of thousands of honest men as well aB he ) , having discovered the frauds by wbM he was ka astray , now confesses that the promised' boons' have not been realised ^ Again ; want ef employment in the manufacturing districts is matter of complaint . Mr W . Rand Bays—1 Thousands are out of work '—« Our workhouses are filled with the destitute '— 'The dtwtitutien and misery arising from theneoenity of limiting production have been such that it is a matter of aBtoniBhment how the public peace has been preserved at all . Hun . dreds upon hundred * , in this locality alone , and in many other localities also , have Hid or pledged their

      little furniture , and their dwellings are a speetaele ef misery not to be described . ' Remember alwaje that the new Poor Law wbb passed for the purpose of * restoring to industry its due reward ! ' and that we were assured , by the lecturers of the Anti-Corn L « w League , that' If the Com Laws ware repealed , there would be no need for tke women and children to go into the factories . HuBbsnds , ' we were told , 1 could then earn as much as would keep all . Children wonld gn to school , and the wife would be , where every Englishman ' s wife ought to be—nursing her darling infant at hom » , and making all elean and comfortable for her husband and family . ' Fellow-countrymen , I remind you of then thinsje . that you may never again allow yourselves to bsthuB beguiled .

      1 he new Poor Law . it was said , would improve the moral condition , and add to the peace and comfort of the people— ' Lifting up enoe more—God be praised?—the oharaoter tfthafe nob ' e English peasantry !*—( lord Brougham . ) This was also engaged on behalf of the promoters of the repeal of the Corn Laws . Bui what eayn Mr W . Rand ? Hear him . : ' Our gaols are filled with the disaffected , ' 'TheBtato of the population in the manufacturing districts , has , for gome time past , been a source of the greatest anxiety , not only to the resident inhabitant ? , but to the government itself , which has f sund it necessary to Isoate large bodies of troops in tho = o districts . ' 'Their non-employment begets disaffection . '

      TTe mnat never forget tbat one great object of the New Poor Law was to 'reinstate property in security . ' This disaffection and oossequent insecurity of property ia attributed by Mr W . Rand to the very meanres that were expected to produce contrary results—the Free-trade labour and Free-trade produce measures!—to Acts of Parliament causing ' cheapness * and ' immigration ! ' Every wise man expected saoh fruits from suoh trees . Then , those men were laughed at by the ' shiloBopherB . ' Ia this very valuable letter Mr W . Rand proposes certain remedies for the social evils he describes and laments . It will hereafter be my duty te examine the justness and applicability of such remedies . Before entering on that branch of the subject , I will cull a few bunches of grapes in the shape of truism * , from that tree of MrW . Rand ' s planting . They may serve for reference in the examination of the proposed remedies . 1 . 'Cheapness' is a very dear' god . '

      2 . The immigration of labour fron the agricultural districts waa a great mistake , fraught with terrifio consequenoea to thtee who proposed and promoted it —thQtnaBufaoturersacd shopkeepers . 8 . Oar agricultural productions are not equal to the demand . Our manufactures have , for years , exoeeded the demand . 4 . Real prosperity consists in all being profitably employed , and in selling the products of industry for more than they cost .

      5 . It is injurious to advance the interests ef mere wealth at the expense of industry . 6 . Our agricultural produce might be doulled with advantage , and full profitable employment might be found for every idle labourer in the couatry . 7 . Onr present social Bystem ia one of extermination—offering a bounty to a man who drives Mb fellow being from his home and his hearth , and imposing a burden on the place that shelters him . 8 . Non-employment begets disaffeotiontothelawa and the government .

      9 . The removal of the wretchedness and destitution of the people ought not merely to ocoupy , but to engross the attention of every thinking man . 10 . Causes whioh put sooiety in peril arb within the reach of legislation . 11 . Tha poverty , destitution and crime complained of are produced by the operation of bad Acts of Parliament . It is well to register suoh admissions from an authority of bo muoh weight . They will serve very materially to make way for a truthful settlement of the most important question now before the world —THK rROIlTABI / E EWPLOTMBUI OF ALL THE FKOFIiB , The consideration of Mr W . Rind ' s proposed remedies will necessarily force that subject into discussion .

      My late most kind and valued friend , Mr Walter in conversation with me on that great question—a question that occupied so muoh of his thoughtsbeing referred to the following extract , after attentively perusing it , said to me , ' No man should enter upon the study of this subject without having his mind impressed with this passage . ' As that all-important subjtot will oocupy my next letter . I make no apology for requesting your moat attentive pernsal thereof . Here it is : I have said that hmbandmen particularly , and those who took care of nooks , wero in great estwrn In Egvpt , some parts of it excepted , where the latter mte not soffrred . It was indeed to theie two profession that Egypt owedi&i&ies and plenty . It is astonishing to refleoc what advantages the Egyptians , by their art aad labonr , drew from a countrj of no great extent , but whose soil was made wonderfully fruitful by the inundatlonB of the Nile and the laborious industry of the inha > biUnts .

      It will ha always so with every kingdom whoso goyer . nors direct all their aotlons to the public welfare . The cntture of lands and the breeding of cattle , will b 9 an inexhaustible fuad of wealth In nil countries , where , as in S 8 yp ' , those profitable callings are supported and encouraged by maxims of etato aad policy ; and we may consider it bb a misfortune that they are falling at present into so general a diaeeteem : though It is from them that the most elevated ranks ( a a wjj * «» teem theM ar » furnished , not only with the neoeHarlfls ' , % ut even tH luxuries , of lifo . ' For , says Abbe Fleury , in his adml . rawo work at the manners of the Iaraolltes , where tbe l- ; - " ¦ •¦ "I n « v » v toy aub

      jtot I am upon is thoroughly examined , it is the peasant who feods the citizen , the magistrate , the gentle man tha eccleilastio ; ' and whatever artifice and orafe may be used to convert money into commodities , and these back again into money , yet all must ultimately be owned to be received from the products of the earth , and the animals which it sustains and nourishes . Neverthe-Icbb , when we compare men ' s different stations of He together , we give the lowest place te tha husbandman ; « evwith many people B woalthy oltlzsn , enervated with Biotn , treeless to Tbe public , and void of all mult , Las Joe preferense , meroly bccauBo ho has more money , and lives a more easy and delightful life

      . But let us imagine to ounsolves a country where so great a difference Is not made between the ssterftl conrfi . Moos ; whoro the life of a aobloman U not mado to ooa-Blst in Idleness aad doing nothing , but In a careful pro-• ervation of his liberty—that Is , in o duo subjection to the laws and tho constitution ; by a man subsisting on his OBtato without a dependence on any one , and being contented to enjoy a little with liberty , rather than a great deal at the price of mean and ba . se compliances ; a country -where sloth , effeminacy , and ( he ignorance of things Heaessary for life , are held 1 b just contempt , and wuers pleasure is less valued tbaa health and bodily str eDgtb ,

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      n snsh a couatry it wjll b . mush more for a man ' s reputotton to plough and k «« p flocks thaa to ' waste all his « T ., nBB S , nterI . n 8 from pIace lo Pla 06 . « ng * mtng and Jp lfiMfls ! ° | """ BOl !{ n ' *•* " * mtry > V 01 J ' » ' Tb he wire !' " playthiD & "Md-No , Gad forbid I am , Fellow-Countrymen , yonw faithfully , Pnihsm « -jji « Richard Oabilbr . rulham , Middlesex , Not . 4 . 1848 .

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      MINERS ' ASSOCIATION . lsS ' w ^ S g ^ ^ nJMn was held on the mm v * the T , Bowl » ng Green Inn , Halaaaw Moer . MrJuiM Price in the chair . ThepriS statements to be sent to the masters , on MoBdav December 4 tb , de « ai . ding an advance of SaSftfi read to the delegates and deemed satisfactory It was a so reoommendad that , where practicable ! the following resolution Bhould be carried into operation — That no young person commence getting coal , until he haa attained eighteen years of age ; and then for the next three ysars only to perform three . fourthB of a regular day ' s work . ' Eaoh district is particularl y revested to instruct the deleeatea from

      taw respective districts to the next county meeting , what person they must yoie in favour of , for filling the office of general treasurer , vacated by Mr Charles Moadswcroft , on aooount of bstog promoted to the office of general secretary . Eaoh colliery must have a meeting amongst themselves , for the purpose of filling up the blanks in the printed forms of state , ments , and return them to the next county meeting , to see they are properly fit led up . CHoatEY , November IS ' . h . — A very enthusiastic meeting of miners was held at the house of Mr W Harriisn , White Bull ' s Head , when deputations were appointed to wait upon those of the surrounding oolheries who are not paying to their trade .

      w u * j J m ? itin ? u ° . f tho minere of Cbarnock , Riohard , and the neighbourhood , was held on Friday November 17 th , ia Mr Rosbottom ' s Long Room . Mr John blwples occupied the chair . Mr D . Swallow addressed the meeting at considerable length , and m « ch good resulted from the meeting . A district wag formed , and disWiot secretary , treaeorer , and president , elected ; bwidw two lodges being established , and proper offitets chosen : and on Saturday last , above 100 new members were enrolled . All around thoBe districts the sooiety is spreading rapidly , and has every appearance of beiiie better organised before the commencement of 1819 , than they ever were befon :

      NoiicB .-The next county meeting of the minere of Lancashire , will b « hsld on Monday , November 27 th , at the Bull ' s Head , Par Stocks , St HelenVat ten o ' elock , instead of eleven o'clock , as heretofore ,

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      SHAMEFf / L TYRANNY . TO THE MINERS oTnORTHUMBERLAKD AND DURHAM . Feixow Mhn , —The workmen of South Reorth or Ox close colliery are obliged to work the ceal by weight , as is the custom of the trade , but they have the option to appoint a person to stand by the weighing msokine , and see that the individual appointed by the master aota justly ; aad the masters have for many moaths allowed thia mode tf proceeding , without the iilightest objecti on . About a fortnight ago , however , they took an objection to the man the workmen had appointed , and informed him that he had to take hia departure from the colliery . To this tke men demurred , and pleaded their right to appoint any man they chose . The master was obstinate , and the men equally ao , and the miners have been idle some time ; The few shillings earned , and which should have been paid on Friday last , the matter withheld , and this day the work of ejecHon from their houses have bemin .

      The workman have applied to the various otllieries for assistance to engage the services of that eminent lawyer , W . P . Roberts ; but from the shortness of the time they have not . been able to collect Bufficieat to employ tfiat gentleman . Miners of Northumberland and Darham , behold your position—exposed to the tyrannical [ wocetdugs sf your masters , who attempt to deprive yoa of an abBttact right , that they m » y defraud you wlih impunity . Stall 8 uch thinw take place , and you look on with folded arms ? If you do , beasrored your turn will come next , for all experiinoe goes to show that oppressions of this kind are contagious ; therefore , be on the alert , and respond to tbe call made by your fellow workmen . Again let the tag of union float in the breeze ; and rest assured that unless you ate again organised , and take up the position of freemen , yoar few remaining privileges will vanish , and , 'like the baseless fabricof a vision , leave not a wreck behind . '

      TruatiDg that you will rally once more , » nd take that position in the miners * movement , and unite with the brave men of Lancashire , who are again willing to join with you and the miners of England , w u 1 "main , yours , dec , Newoastle-on-Tyne , Nov . 21 . M . Jddb .

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      THE BRADFORD VICTIMS . To the Men o * Yobmbiius . — Shortly will be placed at the bar of their country , a number of men from the town of Bradford and iU neighbourhood , to answer to the several charges of sedition , conspiracy , riot , drilling , &o . —men of irreproachable character ; and in making this appeal to you for your sympathy and support , I hope I Bhall not make it in vain . When I reflect upon the spirit manifested by you on many former occasions , it is net . certainly too much to expeot that the men of this county and country generally , will rafce a-sum ' sufficient to procure them a good legal defence , and thuB proteot them as much as possible from Whig malignity and persecution . Fellow working men , your sympathy and support is the only reward and recompense , they

      will receive for all the exertions they have made in your behalf , and to that they look as an evidence that you appreciate their cervices . They are twentyeight in number , and many oi them are well known to the country generally . Mr John Smyth has honourably and faithfully discharged the truBt reposed in him , as secretary to the National Land Company , from its formation in the town of Bradford , up to the time of his arrest , and ako to the National Charter Association . He wm detained in the lock-up at Bradford for nineteen days without a hear * iag , until a charge could be trumped up against him . No stone was left unturned by the newly-imperted police whereby they could secure a committal . No stratagem but was resorted to by the said individuals . But I appeal more especially to the men and women of Bradford , ae you are fully acquainted with the vindictive spirit manifested on the part of the

      progeeuto !* , and also the history and character ef the witnesses against your incarcerated townsmen . It is for your Bakes your brother patriots nave straggled , and are placed in their present position , with the prospect of long imprisonment , if not baniihmoBt from their native land , before them . Bear in mind , fellow townsmen , that Mr John Smyth applied to be liberated on bail until the assizes , and he was told by ene of the magistrates who graces (?) the Bradford benoh , that they should endeavour to prefer a charge of treason against him at the time of trial . I therefore beg of you to be instant in your subscriptions , and come forward liberally ineupport of yourinoarcerated townsmen . Do not let them go into exile or long imprisonment , with the reflection that those who cheered and encouraged them forward , left them unaided and unsupported on the day of trial . What you do — do instantly . The Commission opens at York , on Saturday , the 9 th of next month .

      - I am , Fellow Townsmen , Yonri , in the cause of . Demooraoy , an Old Guard , _ ,. , Josiph Aldsrbon . No . 1 , Butterworth Buildings , Bradford , Nov . 21 st . Subscriptions by Post Office Orders , Ac , made payable to William Clark , shoemaker ; or Joseph Alderaon , tailor , No . 1 , Butterwsrta Buildings ; or to tidward Hinto , tailor , Market Street , Bradford ) Yorkshire , will be thankfully received .

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      Irish Convicts . —There are 670 oonvicta at Spike Island . Thb H « Duxr . — The total hop duty this year . ia £ 387837183 . 7 ld . Ten sheop were killed If lightning a few dayg back on the farm of Gatehill , in Galloway . Mr Wbiteside ' a retaining fee in the oase of Mr S . O'Brien was £ 500 . The South Derbyshire revision for 1848 shows a dear gain to the Liberals of 275 . The smallest hair caats a shadow ; the most trifling act has its consequences—if not here , her » after . — Jonts , A Conundrum . —Why was Griwaldi like a glass of brandy and water ?—Becaase he was a tambler of first-rate spirit . How to Fill Boxes . —At Ballinasloe theatre the boxeB were filled in double qaiek time by the shil . ling gallery giving away .

      Pensions to Royal Li « jtrsra . —The domestics of the late King George III ., Queens Charlotte and Caroline , receive £ 5 , 215 annually as pensions from the country . The Iligh Sheriff et the Queen's Count ? , who had a writ tosxeoute for £ 83 , 000 , against the property of the Duke of Buckingham in that oouaty , has made a return of £ 5 , the property having been pro * vioualy conveyed away to trastees . The Tbub Philosopher . — ' What do you mean to do with K V said a friend to Theodore Hopk , alluding to a man Jwho had grossly vilified him . 'Do with him ? ' replied Hook , ' why , I mean to let him alone most severely ' A Startling FAor . —Many acreB of land in tha neighbourhood of Ncirmarket-on-Fergus , hare been recently abandoned by the tenant farmers , who are allh » ateningto America .

      A SniiLE . « -Some men are like tea—the real strength and goodneaB is not properly drawn out of them till they have been for a short time in hot water . IlirOBTANI 10 SAILOES AMD THEIR WlVBB . —The judge of the Plymouth County Court last week decided that a sailor while at ee » , who allowed itif wife half-pay at home , was not responsible for net debta . Scotch Cube bob Cholbba— Chiefly owing to tho alarm of cholera , in one day last wwk £ -1 , 500 of duties waa received at tbe Custom House ol Leith for brandy alone . —Glasgow Courier . Thb National Debt . —The receivers of dividends in tbe funds , i . « ., the owners of the National Debt are 280 , 000 in number . Of these ninoty thousand received five pounds saeh , and two-thirds of ike whole £ 50 each .

      Fbbhch Dspihition w a LAWTEB . —' Tiiegeourge of all deliberating assemblies . '—i& Payer , National Assembly . Curb fob ihe Toothache . —An individual says tbat he filled a hollow tooth with gutta perei * eighteen months aeo , and that he haB never had the toothache since . He lecommends it ai an infallible remedy . It appears from th « 'Post Office Directory , ' thai the tables of London are supplied with wine by 1 , 060 merchants , and intoxicating beverages are Bold ia 11 . 000 public-houses .

      A Good InTBBPKBTATiOHr-A gentleman asked a wit tbe meaning of the passage , ' He elothed himself with oursea as with a garment , ' to whioh the wife replied , ' He had a habit of swearing . ' American Distillbbibs . —The prssant number of distilleries in the United states is said to be 10 , 600 ; and the number of gallona of spirituous liquors dig * tilled annually ia 41 , 502 , 707 . Awfsl Statk of SootBir . —In London there ara 12 , 000 children reularly uider training to crime , 30 , 000 thieves , 6 , 000 reouvers « f Btelen goods . 23 000 ' picked up in a state of drunkenness , 50 , 000 habitual gin drinkers , and 150 , 000 of bath sexes leading an abandoned life . Jambs I . —Among tke addresses presented upon tha

      accession of James I ., was one from the aneient town of Shrewsbury , wishing his Majesty nay live as long ; as tbe sun , moon , and stars endured . ' Faith , man / said the King to the person who presented it , ' if I do , my son must reign by oandle light . ' Absencb ot DETBCTivEg . « -In the county of Pembroke ( says the Principality ) there is not a single poliownan ; and notwithstanding thsir absence , the high sheriff was enaUtd at tke last March assizes to pretent Justice Williams with a pair of white kid gloves . Thb Shall Debts Act . —In all , about 2000 poo debtors were liberated ia Ireland under the mernifal act of emancipation passed in tke late BesBion of parlisment . This , however , has cost creditors a low of more than £ 2 , 000 .

      Ahham . —Sbpabatiok op Choroh ahd Statb . — The Diet of the Dachy of Annals haa unanimously decided that the Church shall be entirely independent of the State , and that every cifotn Bhall enjoy full liberty of faith aad conscience . Ambrican Nbwspapbr Pouzm . —An American , paper , the Glodcbtrb Txlmbwh , presmtB the foW lowiug for its readers flB a puizle : — ' Ifanvofour friendsarstraubledineonacienceon accountofdebtB owin gtothis offioeweahaUbemofithappy toaign papersfortheii relief . CuBiesiiT . — ' H » w can you be sure that Mrs Ha will read this letter , ' said one iriend to another , who wished to communioate intelligence te a married ! lady indirectly , ' seeing that you havo diieeced it to her husband ? ' ' She'll open it to a certainty , ' was the reply , < dont you see I've marked ' private' ia the corner V

      Clonmbl Special Commmbiok . —The special com * mision will again open in Clonmel on the 5 th of December , te whioh it stands adjournad , for the trial of the remaining political prisoners ; and it ia Baid that Charles Gavin Daffy will be brought down to Clenmel , and there tried at the commission . Absbncb op Mind —A stranger , in taking his seat lately in the pit of a theatre , aeeosted a gentleman who sat near him , with' Prsy , sir , have you a bill ?' when to the Btrasger ' s astonishment , the gentleman , starting from a reverie in whioh he had been plunged , exclaimed , 'No , sir , but I have two next week , and both unprovided for . ' A Hkdob of Roses . —Near August , Georgia / United States , ta » re is a hedge alo » g 3 , 000 acres ; tho hedge , which ib formed of the Chorekee roBe presents a most beautiful floral spectacle , and per * , fumes the surrounding atmosphere with the richest fragrance .

      Propbrit Cersus . —The constabulary are daily employed taking [ a census of the farm produced stock . &o ., in this district . We are sorry to hear that the returns will bear evidence of the country being in a muoh worse state this year than last . The stock particularly , has been greatly diminished , —Armagh Guardian . It hes been decided in the London Queen ' s Bench that a man is liable to pay the debts of a woman passing as his wife . A Captain Smyth waa held on Wednesday to be responsible for a considerable Bum for articles given to a female on the faith of her being Mb wife .

      What h Law Likf . ?—Law is like a country dance —people are led up and down till thay are fairly tired out . Law ia like a book of surgery—there are a great many uncotamoa cues in . it . It is like physic too—they who take the least of it are beat off . Lair is like a new fashion—people are be witohed te get into it ; and , like bad weather , most people are glad to get out of it . Woodbn Gokpowdbb —From sundry recent expe ^ rimenta the fact is established that floe sawdust or rasped rood , steeped in a mixture of concentrated sulphuric and nitrio aoids , and afterwards washed and dried , willexplode similar to common gunpowder * and if rightly managed , with much greater force . Tho greatest wonder about it is that the fact had not been discovered earlier . —American Paper .

      It ia said a handsome young Xankee pedlar made love to a buxom widow in Pennsylvania , lie accompanied his declaration with an allusion to two impedimenta to their union . ' Name , them , ' said tha widow . 'The want of means to stt up a retail store . ' They parted , and the widow B 6 nt the pedlar n cheque for ample means . When the ; met again the pedlar bad hired and stocked his store , and the smiling fair one begged to know the other impediment . ' I have another wife , ' cried the notion * dealer . Nothin g Impossible . —Mirabeau ' s haste of temper waj known , and he must be obeyed . ' Monsieur le Comte , ' said his secretary to him or . e day , ' tke thing you require is impossible . ' ' Impossible ! ' exclaimed Mirabeau , starting from his chair , ' aavcr again use that foolish word in my presence . ' This brief anso * dote is more oharaoteristio than hundreds of pages ; it is to all men a lesson almost in a line .

      The Mufphd Dam—While a regiment of voJanteers were marching through Camargo , a captain , a strict disoiplinarian , observing that one of the drums did not beat , ordered the lieutenant . to inquire the reason . The fellow , on being Interrogated , whispored to the lieutenant , ' I havo two ducks aud % turkey in my drum , ned the turkey is for the oaptain . ' This being whispered to the captain , he exclaimed , Why didn't the drummer say he waa ill ? I don't want men to do duty when they are not ab . e . ' Destitution inCobk —Cork was never so crowded at any period with country beggars as at present . It is pitiable to see the groups in families that throng the streets , Borne selling matches , others singing Irish eongs , nnd a third class clatsouring for money > They are all wretchedly olad , very filthy , and apparently in great destitution .

      Rotal Bo . i Mot . —Lord Castlereagh ' s snccesBOr hwing been admitted to the royal presence to receive the seals of office , wns observed on his retirement to rub Mb chin in a very oontemplativo mood . I hope / said a friend , ' that you met with a gracious reception . ' I know not what to think of it , ' replied the newly-appomtcdcfficial ; 'his Majesty , with apparently pevfect sincerity , expressed a wiBh that I should follow the example of my late predecessor which I am afraid means that nothing would give * bira bo much pleasure aa that I thwld out Di throat ,, ' . / T UW : Sifli

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      The Shipwucksd Ehio »« itb of the Bobookdt . — Upwards of £ 200 has been collected at Htrwioh , Ips . wlob , ColoheBter , dec , for tho unfortunate smlgrants on baard tho Burgundy , whioh was wrecked on the Loag Bands , on her passage from Bremen to Hew Orleans . It may be remembered tbut more than 200 of tbe poor wonturcs were brought to Harwich by her Majest / a corvette Dtsmond and other ve tels , the whola of them being in a moBt painful Btate of destitution . The Mayor com . municated with the authorities cf Ipswich , ana other neighbouring places , and tbe result w « s , that at tbe

      several churches last Sunday collections were made in behalf of the destitute emigrants , more than £ U 0 being subscribed in Ipsnich . This turn will be the means of considerably alleviating their sufferings , They were to leave Harvrloh oa Tuesday for London , the Eastern Union Railway Company generously providlag them with a free paeisge , when they will , with the remainder of the emigrants who were taken to Ramegate by tho sobooner Nals , be forwarded to their destination , A subscription haa alao been opened for the relief of thoee landed at Uamsgate .

      Attempted Absissikation . —At Snuderland , on Tuesday , a schooner , the Giroude , belonging to Bordeaux , was brought alongside the Railway Wbatf , at the Low Qiay . Several vessels had previously been moored by tuu ffborf ; and the master of the Frtncii craft Vein ; very noxious to be served first , tbeforoman of tbe wharf , Mr Greenwood , said he mutt wait for his turn , This gave riso to an [ angry altercation . The mate of tho Glronde oaiae on deck with a gun , whioh the master seized , discharging tbe contents at Greenwood , who was wouHded in ths face and head . The cnptaln and mate havo been arrested , anl Trill be examined before the maaietrates .

      TUE FoBGKRY OK SlB B , HEIWOOD AHD Oo . ' a BANK . — M'Cormick , the young man who presented the forged ehequofw £ 531 on the bank of Sir BeDJsmln Hey wood and Co ,, Manchester , bat been discharged from custody ( in consequence of the strong probability that he was in nocent of the knowledge tbat It was forged , and was a tool 1 b the Beads of Lee , his . employer .

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      s ^_^____ •¦ -l ' - * j '_ i . bsdges of the prteUj pear ironing along their ban . Tat inhaUtaats fired ealtfly from the loopholes pierced ia these walls aad la ths walls of the hoasts . Upon the Urraees of tha latter also might be leen picturesque groups of giunt warriors , their nowlnz burnoisal thrown hack ai they handled with activity their long guns . In one of these laat villages some half down of them beldly nnsinid after the great body of their oomradei had fled , la a Urge square building commanding the entraaos of the village on tbe tide we approached , and kept up a determined fire at ioutportant . It was all to no avail , however , the marrow streets were soen crowded with French troepg , aivisniHO , hasmcmno , ahc PLDRDSKIHO M AIL SIDIS . NciTBU B £ X NO * AQB WAI Issssssssss ^ jssjjssssssstsssssjtitititsssstis ^ st ^

      BKamiD , THB SWOBD Fill UPOH ALL ALIKE . From <» e hovut Uood-stalBtd soldiers , laden with spoil , pa . sed for * at I entered it . Upon the floor of one of the chsasors lay a little girl of twelve or fourteen years of age . There she lay walterlBg ia gore , and in tbe gonies of death , oiidananursed ruffianihrusthitoayonti ml » her . Ood will requite him ! in another house a wrlnklid old wonsn sat crouched upon the matting , rspidl j muKtring , la the sgony of fear , prayers to Allah wlih a trembliag tongne . A pretty child of six or eevtn years eld . ladtnwith sitor and coral ornaments , clung ther

      « side , her eyes stresmlog with tears as she clasped Her aged mother ' s arms , The soldiery , mad with blooe andnge , were nigh at band . I neizjd the fair child . A moment was ltft to forte her into a dark recess at tbe far end of the building—some ragged matting thrown owore i t served t o conceal her , and , whilst I was making signs to her mother to hold silence , soldiers rushed in . gome ransacked the habitation , others pricked the old female with their bayonets ' Soldiers , will you thy an aged wtman ! ' « Ko , monBlesr , ' said one fellow , we will not kill her , but h » r valuables art concealed , and we mutt have them . '

      But the poor child was saved from one horrible end only to mesfi with a frightful death of another kind . The author says : — In nearly every home wero vast jars ef oil , ( for the Katafles make , consume , and loll vast qiantltte-,. ) often Biz or seven feet in height , and ranged in rovs around the chambers . Holes being rapped In all tht te j « t , the houses were seon flooded with oil , and streams of it were pouring- down tha very streets . When the soldier * bad nmacsed tbe dwelling ! , and smashed to atoms all ttut they oonld net carry off or did not think worth seizing as spoil , they heaped the remnants and the mattings together , and fired them . As I was hastily traversing the narrow streets to rigaln the outiide of the

      village , dhgnsteJ with the horrors I witnoised , fUaes Burrt forth on all sides and torrents of fire came swiftly gliding down tbe thoroughfares ; for the flames had gained the oil . An instant I turned , the fearful doom of tke poor eoaeealed chUM and the decrepld mother fUshing on my mind . It was too late : who oonld distinguish tbe home amongst hundreds exactly timilar ? The fire was crackling , bluing , with increased fury , and there was bo toe to lose . The way o < the gfttoway was barred with roaring flanes . Scrambling to the terrace of a ltw buUdio j , I threw myself over the W « U , Tho unfortunate KafcylecMlo" was doubtloss consumed with her aged parent . How many others may have shared her fate !

      The last village crowmug the mountain height , and apparently inaccessible to attack , yet remained . The troops , inflamed with bloed , scaled the eminence , aad again ensued a

      scene—HCBS 1 BLEI MOBT BOUIBU : !! Finding fluir enemies rapiilj gaining the heights , and thst one detachment was upon the point of taking them ia the flank , the Ktbtf . es might now be seen retreating in stern detpelrfrem the village , turning aad firing at intervals as thty retired to the heights beyond . Tw » or three of the soldiers mounting to this attask fell dead , struck by no ball . Detperate exertion and intense neat bad killed them . The summit onos attained , how . ever , the lust of plunder gave stremgth to the troops , and . daahfag ever the walls and through the gateways , the swnes which had taken place in the villages below were again acted over , tuf ttith increased attendant horrors , for w * s it not the refuge of the women and the aged ! Ra . vmhkd , j « raDSKB , BDa « T , ftar < Hjj aehUd estaptd (» felt the talc . A few of tbe women flad to the ravines round the village , but troops swept the bruBhwood , and stripped and mingled bodies of feaales might there be sew .

      / heard two ruJUmi . when the suMng was over , rthting ttftt great gutto low manp j ^ unj girU had been burnt in one house vfur being actual by Mr brutal comrades and tlKmKlvu . Fire coBpleted the work of the sword , and the country soon presented a memorable example of

      THB EFFECTS OS A KEHCH VIBIT . One vaBt sheet of flame crowned the height which an hour or two btfere was ornamented with an extensive and opnltnt village crowded with inhabitants . It seemed to have been tbe very emporium of commerce of the Benl-Abbes ; gunpowder , arms , bricks , burnooses , and stuff ' s of dlff . rmt fabrics wera there . Tha streets boasted of numerous shops of workws in silver , worken ia eord , v « n « ers of silk tad ether stuff * , and articles of French or Tunisian manufacture , brought by their traders from Algiers or Tunis . All that ww not borne away ly the spoilers was devoured &y fire , or buried amid the trashing ruins , aad then the hungry flames vomited forth from the burning habitations gained the tall corn growing around these villages , and , running swiftly on , wound about and consumed the scattered olive-trees overshadowing It . Fire covered thefaee of the country , and the heavens were obicored with smoke .

      Some of lha KabaUea awing fired a parting volley at the French ruffians , the latter took a bloody revenge by perpetrating an

      ATROCIOUS MA 3 ° ACRB . No other foe prestnting tb « mielve » , they fell upon numerous Kabaues peaoeably reaping amjngBt the cornlands at hand . These unarmed viotins , some mere boys , were massacred without mercy . Oae trooper alone I was by several mouths tisured , sabted seven , —as glorious an aotion as sabring so many sheep . A few individuals who bad been following the column merely from curiosity , and bad held friendly convene with several of the soldiers , were also fallen uptra and slain . One of these victims endeavouring to escape fled into the river with the intention of crosilng it , but a ball frem a carbine shot him do wa in the middle of the water . Rising again , he staggered , morta lly wounded , to the oppsslte shore , and sat himself down on the stones . A trooper galloping furiously in ohase rolled horse and all headlong into tke river , , recowlng his foeting , gained the side of thA J ; lng Ktbjla » nd dwhed hU brains oat

      Notwithstanding as occasional condemnation « f some particular aot of bloody cruelty , Mr Borrer appears to be , on the whole , . * warm admirer of the butcher Bageaud aud hiaarmy of exeorable ruffians . Suoh being the case , the reader will of course understand F . R . G . S . to mean—Fraterniter with Royal Gory Seoundrele ! We bhuh to add tbat Mr Diwaon Borrer is an Englishman . The beast Bageaud was a special favourite of that smooth-faced hypocrite Lome Phiufpk . To do the work of the bourgeoisie , or restore the monarchy , Bugeaud wonld be oaly too happy to devote the inhabitants ef the fasbourg St Antoineto the deem of the unfortunate Eaba'iles ; yet some of the bourgeoisie have desired to elect him President of the Republic ! It is a disgrace to Frenchmen that such a misoreant is allowed to breathe on their native soil . May he yet reap his well-deserved reward !

      Wmttitx *

      WMttitx *

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      The Politician : a Journal of History , Politics , Stttis . tics , &o . Edited by R . Isham . Louden : S . Y . Collins , Holjwell Street , Straad . From an announcement on the cover of this periodical , of which Nos . 1 to 5 inohuive are before us , « e are led to believe that the publication thereof has ceased . If so , the leis is the people ' s—for we have never seen a publication more worthy of popular patroiage . The articles on the Suffrage , Taxation , and other subjeets of vital importance to the working classes , are written with great ability , and in a spirit of uncompromising honesty . No- 5 contains an admirable defence of Chartism , j n reply to the reckless and blood . tniraty dennnsiations fulminated bj the truculent Tiuks . We cordially teeommend this work to oar readers .

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      f tt N ovember , # , 1848 . THB . NiQRTHERN STAR ^ t i ¦ . ——i^—^—— | ^^^^^^^^*^^^*^^^^^^^^*^^^^^^^ P ^*^ ^ ' ^»^ asssssss ^ f - ' •¦ ' Q

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Nov. 25, 1848, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1498/page/3/