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Northern Star (1837-1852), 25th November 1848, Edition 1 of 3, Page unpag, Untitled Article

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    • — «T«btfM*wansd!itob«f9r«gtBtS. H . JO ALL WHO LIVE BY INDUSTRY.
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      Ht Friends , ifhe present is pefnaps the most important gjjsis that has ' occurred in the annals of gntish history since the revolution of 1688 . fp , system oased . upon that revolution has , for tke last century , been so strongly impregnated ^ i th coitoptioa that mortification has sec in , and pithing but the profoundeat still , sMlfully applied , can save it . We have passed through a very tempestuous season-of * part spring , the whole of summer and autumn , and a portion of winter , and ,

      thank God , we have escaped the horrors of those bloody revolutions to which the impoverished and ill * governed working classes have been excited by false hope and mighty promisesj and now that the reviled principle of Chartism , which I have frequently told you would one day , in defiance of all opposition , be isore powerful than the cannon ' s roar , has ence more proclaimed its resuscitation , when all claptraps have died a natural death , it hecomes our duty to see that its" new birth unto righteousness" is not stained , stunted , or crippled by our own folly or the sophistry of others .

      The animal has shot its bristles forth , again * undimiaished in number and unblunted by persecution , and as now one of yoiir .-Kpognised leaders , it becomes my duty to submit to you those means by which I . hope to seevthe national resources cultivated by the nation ' s industry for the benefit of the native people . At this season of former years it has been the custom of the faction leaders to get up a kind of Christmas political pantomime to amuse the gaping and divert the dissatisfied ; but ; alas ! their every warlike nostrum ( for Free Trade was to be carried by the masses marching to

      battle ) having failed , they would now lore the trorkiog classes , designated as revolutionists and anarchists , into this FASCINATING UNIVERSAL PEACE-TRAP . But , as to be fore-warned is to be fore-armed , so the best way to preserve peace is to be prepared for war ; and the best preparation for war is , that every man should have his sentry box and labour-field to defend , and that every man ' s family should be th £ pride of his existence . Bat before I come to the consideration of a few other baits , let me submit to you what ought to be our future policy .

      As long as we have kept within the narrow limits of the narrowed law , as prescribed by the narrow intellect of hired officials , we have , though persecuted , triumphed over all ; and while the failure of Free Trade and the worse than failure of the old Repeal agitation—the show box being now for sale—has proved not only the fallacy of those measures but the incompetency of their prepounders , Chartism still remains as the accepted principle of the millions , and why ? Because we have never varied its principles to suit the changing mind or the grasping selfishness of man . Every year we have htd our Parliament , and when the deliberations of those assemblies

      were not operated upon by the enthusiasm of the rash , or the villany of spies and informers , they have given an impetus to our cause ; and n ow that tyranny gloats over its triumph , and when the Whyj Attorney-General in 1848 may hug himself in the same fond hope that his predecessor did in 1839 , that Chartism was dead and hurled , let us answer Mm , as we did his predecessor , by proclaiming its resurrection , and the mode which I propose for its accomp lishment is this : —

      let all who have a sincere belief , not only in the truth , but in the justice of Chartist p rinciples , at once enrol themselves as Chartists in their several localities , without the payment of any fee , and on the first Monday in March—after the Executive of the Chartist Association shall have divided the country into ^ brty-nine districts—let those several districts , after due notice legally given , proceed to elect their delegates to a Convention to sit in London , to meet on the first Monday in April , for i the purpose of superintending the

      presentation of petitions to Parliament , and for the purpose of submitting to the working classes of London , in public meetings assembled , a digest of the Labour Question , prepared and accepted by their representatives iu the Convention ;—not such a solution of the Labour I Qestion as would lead the idle to believe that I thev could live in affluent idleness , but such a I solution as will convince all , that the most pro-I fitable cultivation of the national resources I would make the rich richer , and the poor rich , I and that then the advocates of Labour will I suction the punishment of wilful idleness . I fe My friends , would to God that the aristo I cratic trades of England would appoint the

      I same time for holding a LABOUR CON ] VEXTION , if they pleased , altogether di-I vested of political character , and the two Conventions sitting at the same time , and dispassionately and maturely discussing the rights of Labour , and the mode of achieving those rights , would give an impetus to the cause of Labour , which no power on earth could resist We might , also , have a cheap public Dinner , to which those Members of Parliament favourable to our cause might be invited ; and , although it is premature to express even the hope , what would I give that I nothing but cold water should be the beverage , 1 and that teetotalism was the qualification for I your representatives .

      I Let the working classes in their severalloi calities subscribe , not a penny a week , nor a penny a month , but a halfpenny each , to be sent through their delegates , to constitute a premium for the best essay on the Rights of i Labour , and the mode of acquiring them , and Jet the Convention be the judges in the 1 matter . In such case the delegates elected upon the first Monday in March would , if they chose to eater the lists , have ample time for preparation before the day of meeting , while the long winter nights will afford all an opportunity of 1 instructing themselves , and for preparing a H proper digest of their thoughts .

      El The classes that oppress the poof—the II religious classes , the Free Trade classes , II and all other classes—have adopted this | Qethod of condensing thought and cirfj eclating opinion ; and why should La-II hour reject it ? No plan has gone further to jj improve the system of agriculture than that I ° f giving prizes for the best essays on the sci a ence . I will add—cheerfully add—201 to the

      | J f wid ; au ( i or ji er that one " star" should II n « t eclipse the minor lights , I would propose | ] that we have a first , a second , and a third I P ^ ze ; that the writer of the first Prize Essay ft should receive 1002 . ; the writer of the second i "jze Essay . 501 ., and the writer of the third II "rce Essay , 30 / . ; and that each should be I fL * ^ ' a handsemely-bound copy of I we several essays ; that the essays should then 1 ^ come the property of the Association , and I « . published for its benefit .

      I i V ? also propose that several meetings I oe held in London each night , and that those I Jfcehngsbe attended by the delegates . The I '" caliUes to be named by the Convention , and 'oat their duties shall be the development and ~™ P'e explanation of the Labour Question , CHART * Prindples of the PE 0 PLE ' S Then , as to Petitions to Ihe House of Com-I v ^> ff hat I would recommend is , that one I i 4 v Pe f ition be ad 0 P ted bya 11 ; lhat that tl t : V » e signed , in nresence of witnesses , bv

      1 W ln their several localities , and that each B - nand district transmit its petition to the I Jliresentative ofthetownor district , to be 1 an ? ted by hira t 0 Parliament I and that the 1 £ V nte < i secretaries in the several towns and ; 1 **** shall communicate , through the Chair-• 9 d ^" - e Convention , the exact number of : I \ v ™ res that each petition contains . , I J !/ 1 ^ mean by National Petition is , that 1 Bfitir a and district shall adopt the same I nation , and attach the signatures of that 1

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      town and district to it , so that there may be ' no confusion occasioned by one hon . Member stating that his constituents petitioned for one thing , while the constituents of another hon . Member petitioned for another thing ; and the petition should be as concise , emphatic , and unmistakeable as possible , the drawing of which may be entrusted to the Executive . My friends , you may rest assured that you cannot tie guilty of a greater folly than that of protesting against petitioning . I am myself opposed to any more National Petitions , but rest assured that what the enemy most dreads is the announcement , through the House of

      Commons , of the number of working men who are in favour of the principles of the PEOPLE'S CHARTER . . You possess " no possible channel through which you can make your sentiments—and your devotion to those sentiments—known ; you possess no other means by which you can convince your ctyrants that the mind , the devotion , and resolution of ' 49 is not to be measured by . the unconstitutional tyranny and persecutipn of 1848 . " If you have difficulties , to meet , " said the Shrop . shire Quaker ^ " get up- > iB 4 he morning , and you will heat them , hut if you lie in bed they will beat you . "

      My friends , again I say , at no period of Enggland ' s history—nay , of the world ' s historywas energy upon the part of Labour so indispensable as at the present moment . If you had achieved the Charter when you achieved Reform , the principle would have been frittered away by entangled and inexplicable details , as the principle of Reform was ; and the reason why the enemies of Labour are averse to the principles of the Charter , is because knowledge is power , and because—through the knowledge

      which you have acquired during the last eleven years—they see the impossibility of destroying the value of the PEOPLE'S CHARTER by cumbrous and inexplicable details . In Paris , in Frankfort , in Vienna , and Berlin , they have had revolutions ,. battles , and slaughter , and all because not a man in any Assembly was prepared with a proper solution of the Labour Question , And hence , despotism and dictatorship have followed popular triumphs , while the poverty and misery of the labourer has increased . The French

      Constitution—the bug of moonshine—has been pompously proclaimed ( amid fat soldiers and lean artisans ; and why ? Because , in the moment of hesitation , and during the interval between the destruction of one system and the adoption of another , the upper and middle classes have wherewithal to live upon in idleness , while the poor are cajoled and fascinated b y pitiful gratuities for a period sufficiently long to allow the new oppressors to frame and model their new engines of torture , which the deceived and disheartened labourer is not prepared to resist .

      Upon the other hand , if the Charterwhich I contend is the basis of the English Constitution—was proclaimed to-morrow , not a day , nay , not an hour , would pass without a rigid preparation upon the part of the millions to give to it its legitimate effect . The manner in which municipal electors are seduced by small gratuities to vote for the briber , furnishes no proof of popular venality or indifference ; in the one case , the powers conferred are comparatively limited and insignificant ; in the other case , they are important and national . Nothing is more easy

      than to taunt a cowed and oppressed people with ignorance , when want of knowledge is urged as a justification for withholding right . But open the market for knowledge to-morrow , and those who now stigmatise the labourer as ignorant , would then appeal to his profound knowledge as the means of securing their own promotion . My friends , quote for me the words of any titled hereditary legislator ; of any , the greatest , statesman ; of any , the most profound , philosopher ; of any , the greatest , speaker or writer ; that for wisdom will bear comparison with the Yorkshire weaver , the Manchester spinner , or the Chester cobbler .

      The Yorkshire weaver , when taunted for his ignorance by Earl Fitzwilliam , and upon being asked what he knew about Parliament , replied : — " I know that all the stuff ' ee the world , war made for all the folk ' ee the world , and 1 han ' t got my share of it . " The Manchester weaver ( Butter worth ) , when asked by the League what objection he had to machinery , answered : — "You may go to bed by machinery , and

      dress by machinery ; you may eat by machinery , and drink by machinery , so long as YOUR MACHINERY doesn't take MY BED from under me , the clothes from my back , and the food from my mouth . " The Chester cobbler ( Daniel ) , with a family of a wife and ten children , when asked by the childless Lord Bishop of Chester , if he was not aware that the poverty of the people was the result of their own idleness and immorality ; and if he was not aware that God never created

      a mouth in this world that he did not create wherewithal to put into it ; Daniel replied : — " Yea , my lord , I know that d— -d well , but the differ lies here ; that God Almighty has sent all the mouths to my shop , and Parliament sent all the meat to thine . " Now , then , Chartists , let your watchword once more be : —

      " Onward and we conquer , Backward and we fall , " Never put off till to-morrow what can be doue to-day . The time is short , Parliament meets in ten weeks . "We have passed through a fiery ordeal of nine months ; arm me with the popular will outside , and I will declare its omnipotence inside . The principles of the Charter have not yet been submitted to this Parliament , but they shall be in the approaching session , and I will tuke care that no indiscretion upon my pait 6 hall subject your cause to weakness outside , or to taunt inside ; while I rely upon you to shield it from the spy and the informer , by keeping within the strict limits of the law—narrow as those limits may be .

      I tell you that it is wholly and utterl y impossible for the present system to stand , with all the surrounding monarchies of Europe crumbling into ruins ; and I tell you that the only justification that the factions can invent for uniting against the people , will be found in the FOLLY OF THE PEOPLE . Let us strip the enemy of this delusive pretext , by showing that those who legitimately contend for right will be able legitimately to exercise that right .

      Working men ! accept no crotchet , accept no principle but the Charter ; as , rely upon it , all else is moonshine , and only suggested by the cunning of the deceitful and self-interested , who would lure you into the trap—a bit by bit reform—thusdisuniting your ranks , while union is the indispensable element of success ; and while every one of their nostrums have but tended to increase your misery . Chartists , do ) your duty , and I shall be prepared to do mine . But failing in the performance of yours , the efficient performance of mine becomes an { impossibility , and therefore with you rasts the solution and success of the Labour Question . Your faithful friend , Feargcs O'Connor . L

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      "The folly ol to-diy U the wlidom of to-morrow .-: TO THE WORKING CLASSES . My Friends , I am not going to impose another letter upon you , but duty compels me to warn you of what has been many a time fatal to your cause , namely , the temporary abandonment of the great luminary to go in quest of moonshine . If anyone thing mere than another has been injurious to the cause of Chartism , it has been the running after this moonshine , and as it is very likely that several shades of the flickering light are still in store for us , we must not follow them .

      Mr Oastler has been a very good friend to the poor , and a very able advocate of their social rights , but he should have learned by this time , that to Free labour from the shackles of capital , labour must participate in making the : laws by which the profits upon both are to beregulated . Mr Oastler , in his letters of last week , appeals to the ghost of the Tory Eldon . to clerical piety , and to | a Free Trade

      mariufacjurers concession of error , as a means of assisting the working classes , but it is my duty to tell you that all 6 \ ich reliance is mere moonshine , and that if your business is to be done , you must do it for ^ yourselves , and in corroboration of the truth of my motto , ' I beg leave , to reprint the letter of Mr William Rand , a convert of Free Trade , and selected by Mr Oastler as a proof of his wisdom . Here is the letter :- — ?

      'A period when the tradeof this important part of the kingdom i » in a most depresses condition - when social evilsofanertennveand alarming character have , on wlW ™ ^ , 1116 P ™ Peace , and put in jeopardy the very aaftsty of society in the manufacturing districts-a period when our workhouset are filled-with SnnJ ^ J ^ » nd » n 8 ft , ol » with the disaffected- when ttougandBareout of work-when the middle cissies , the SeP «! ' a * d other tradesmen , are , in addition to the almost enure absence of profits , absolutely eaten up with KS ^ X ^ ff" * * «* i « teih

      n < . Ja ° tHf con 8 tant » ttcamofimm ! grationfremthe rural t £ ™ of * ec , ountr yJ i , . ^ e large towns and tillages of ^« ™ T ™ f ^ » triot 8 . which has been going on for « sa ^ fts Eats as ~ ° ** - *» Now , working men , have you aot read this announcement fifty-yea , a ^ hundred-times betoreMr Rands conversion . Have they not beenjyour sentiments and mine , repeated to surfeit , until our fourteen years' folly has , atter dear-bought experience , become Free lrade wisdom . The repeal of the Poor Laws—the tinkering with factory labour—the reliance upon dead Tory chancellors—living : Torv narsons . nr ™ n .

      verted Free Traders , is all bam . You are aware that the columns of the Star are open to all who choose to propound their theories , but that the publication of those theories by no means pledges you or me to acquiescence m them . Your faithful Servant , Feargus O'Connor .

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      EXECUTIVE NOTICE . TO THE PEOPLE . Despotism rules abroad : Mammonism at home . All governments exist ana depend upon society . Ignorant people have despotic kings , and slaves have Slave-Oftmers . If nations will be free , thought must be revolutionised , institutions changed , and the bold and honest in all lands must reason , resolve , and act . In eight days from this date our plan of organisaturn will be before you—our policy and principles

      published for your approval or rejection . In our late address we declared to you our intention , and we now ask of you to provide us with funds so that tnose intentions may be practised with celerity and effect . We are in earnest , and call upon you to prove to us , and to the struggling races of all lands , that you will to be free . Let it not be said that jou want means . A nation of six millions of adult warkers must have the means , if the people have the will . See to it , you old soldiers in the " empire of reason and justice ; let every friend send his mite and every locality its subscription , forthwith .

      we wait the result of this appeal . If you are with us , you will support your own cause ; if not , let us know our true position . Signed on behaltof the Executiv e Council , Philip M'Grath , Thomas Clark , William Dixon , Edmund Stalwood , G . Julian Harney , Samuel Kydd , Secretary .

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      THE LAND CONFERENCE . [ This letter Bhonld have appeared last week . ] In justice to Mr Kydd , 1 publish the following letter , and regret that 1 made a mistake in the name of the delegate with reference to the question named in Mr Kydd ' s letter . —Fiakgus O'Carwr , ' 23 , Upper Seymour Street , Euiton Square . November 11 , 1848 , 1 Dxab Sib , —I write to call yonr attention to a statement in your letter , u published in this day ' s Star , You write , 'Mr Kydd then asked , how it happened tbat the amount of clerks was bo much larger than that under Mr Wheeler ' s management . '

      4 The fact is , Mr Kydd never laid a word on the subject either in Conference or ont of it ; he does not , however , think it necessary to write to the editor , as neither the text nor Btriotures thereon are impor . tant , and merely correct the mistake for yonr private information . Altogether he considers your letter as able a compendium of a debate—and as fair a commentary as he hai read for many a day , and remain your obedient servant , 'S . M . KTDD . ' ¥ , O'CoiniOB , Esq . '

      'Bradford , November 15 th . ' Sm—I with you to correct the following statement , which Mr O'Connor , in his Letter , makes me to say—that I ( Robert ; Ryder ) never saw Mr Uullingham drank on any of the estates in all my life . The charge of being drank on the estates was not brought against Mr Cullingham . Ihe charge was being treated by , and drinking with , the carters , which I believe to be false ; and every indi

      Tidaal who regard ! a man ' s character , will say the same as I did . When Mr Cullingham appealed to me m to the charge being true , I Baid ' Certainly not ; ' meanisg that the charge was not true . As to his being drunk on the estates , is not my business ; therefore I do not wish to interfere with his private charaoter . I believe him to be a different manhaving better habits than skulking and drinking with the carters . ' I am , yours fraternally , R . Rydeb . '

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      Thh ' Okwabd Mas op Chartism . —Oo Friday evemnj , the 17 th instant , that portion of the Exeoutive Council residing in the metropolis , held iti uT ^ "Kjtt the National Land Cora pany ' e SSSJlW ^ ^ n' Present-Mejsra Kydd , -Mr M'Grath was called to the chair .-The nr ° v ^ LJ [ f ii ielterfrom tb « w «» t Riding ?« «? M stloSthe BWTicM of Mr Kydd toleoture HJ « S - I 8 lt Yo ^ 8 hire 0 D n early day . A S 5 n « T » hft i r ! a ! fromMr Donovan tManches . St ?« I * hto > stated that he had reported to his conttitue&ta the results of the Birmingham no . t ; , n

      t a ? iw . y Wan * gratified . With reipect fh ? l ?« f m u M « W ed to state that they ( the men of Manehester ) , through their eouDoil , had entered into an arrangement with Mr W . P . Roberta to defray the expense of defending the ManoheBter 5 ! L ¦ " > enroine Lancaster assizas . — Messrs Kydd and M'Gratn reported the result of their visit to tin- London Victim Committee , and the dHCussien thereon at the Dean Street meeting : when MtStallwiod said , that having heard the report and having , been present at Dean Street , u well as being eogauanUf proceedings elsewhere , and feeling the neceMj ^ the - . Eieootive Council having the Buppoiwf aU good . tlh 8 rti 8 ts , whilst th « y did not depart from the spirit of ihe Birmingham resolutions ,

      as taoagat to gam we great object they had in view , they oeuld not do better than act in a conciliatory manner . After paying a hiRhoomplimentto the present London Victim Committee for their very btuinegs-likehabito , and their industry and general philanthropy , he moved the following reiolution • That the present Metropolitan Viotim Committee bB henceforth constituted the National Victim and Defence Committee conjointl y with the members of the Exeontive Council of the National Charter Associatiou ' -whteh wamoondedby Mr Clark , supported by Mr Kydd , and carried unanimously . —Thei SecretatythenBubmitted a list of local councillor * from Manchester , which was duly confirmsd .-Mr Harney in accordance with notice , moved—* That the Plan

      of Orgamsation be read , with a view to such revision and amendments as time and circumstances may have rendered necessary . ' Seconded and nnanimouslyadop&jd . Rtadaoooidingly . On the motion of Messrs Clark and M'Grath , it was resolred-• That the association be called the National Charter Assooiatisn ef Great Britain . ' And on the motion of Messrs Clark and SlaUwwd- * That the Association be one and wdmsible . ' Mr Stelkood moved and Mr Clark seconded- ' That eaoh member of the Association shall subscribe four shillings annually , one half of which shall be forwarded direct to the General Secretary , for the general pnrposes of the Asaociation-the other half to be retained , to defray "PA ? : 8 « ch subscription be paid by

      ^ . may instalments of not less than ene penny per week : no person ' s name to be registered on tho books of the Associationi as a member until he ahull have paid one shilling , ' Mr Harney moved- ' That eaoh member pay to the general fund one shilling per annum , and that each locality defray its own expenses ; that no person be entered as a member until such time as the shillling be paid-such sum to be paid by instalments or otherwise . ' Mr Kydd seconded the amendment , After a long and able discussion , in which every member present took part , Mr Stallwood ' * motion was adopted . The following was on the motion of the same HnanimouBly adopted- That n& wi a « mt

      tmi retain in hand more than five ahillinas appertaining to thegeneral fund , but shallremit suoh sum t ^ mL" h S , raay receive to the general Secretary forthwith . ' That cards of membership be iBJUed at a charge of one penny eaoh . ' On the motion of Messrs Harney and Kydd , it was unanimously resolved- ' Thatan Annual Conference be held on the first Monday in May , the first to take plaoe on Monday , May the 7 th , 1849 . -Tae above were the S cipal amendments made . The revised rulea were ordered to be submitted in their entirety to the next meeting ; The Secretary was instructed to draw up an address to the country , and the council adjourned until the 24 th mate

      Thk Pkople ' 8 CHABTBB .-Last week , a publio meeting , convened by placard , was held at the Litemy andfccientififf Institution , John Street . Fitzroy Square . Mr James Watson was unanimously called to the chair , and said : After a long elapse , we have again met to reww the agitation for those political andsooial privileges which have been so lomr withheld from us . Recent oircumatanoeg had not damped his ardour . The prinoiples were good , and no amount of obloquy that could l » thrown on them could prevent their ultimately becoming the law of ihe land . The evils under whioh society laboured were incurable , without the principle ef representaturn as laid down in the People ' s Charter . ( Loud cheen . ) He trusted the labouring population would cherinh those principles as dearly as their daily bread —and men who felt thus , would never fail to render

      such a support as must cause them tobacomethe adopted ol the whole community , ( Hear , bear ) Two resolutions would be iubmitted to them-one expressive of their determination to continue the agitation for the Charter until sucoesj crowned their eflorts-the other avowing their deadly hostility to the employment of spies by the government-and whilBt he was not prepared to jaitify attacks on the police or government , yet he oould , by na means , excuse that governmenc whioh had fostered and sup * ported the fabrication of those peats . He thought no modicum of reform , suort of the People ' * Chatter would do any good ; nothing less than Universal Suffrage eould work well for the masses . ( Great applause ) Mr Watson here entered int » some of the effects caused by class legislation' Amongst the mos $ glaring were what was called Our Indian conquests -and just let us look at their costjin the shape of prize money , pensions , &o . First , there was Sir

      varies-aapier , £ 70 , 000 , whilst a private . oldier would get about 53 . 8 i . ( Shame , shame . ) Yet Sir Charles was not satisfied , because he had not obtamed bo muoh aa other « Indian conquerors . ' Sir rS ™ n L 9 gge obtaine d £ 16 . °° 0 . » ncl a pension of h ' - ° ^ . X 81 £ rt £ « e 8 « nerations ; Genera ! Harris , £ 400 000 , and a Peerage ; Sir John Kean <\ a Peerage , and a pension of £ 2 , 000 per annum ; Sir H . Ppttwger , a pension of £ 1 , 000 ayear , and ado lonial governmentship ; Sir George Pollock , a seat in tue Supreme Government of India , with £ 10 , 000 per annum ; SirH . Gough , a Peerage and £ 3000 per annum ; and last , not least , Sir Henry Hatdinge , a Peerage , and how much prize money he did aot know . Theae were Bornei of the vioious things he hoped to gee corrected when they got the Charter . Thatfortunate Genera ' .-the Duke of Marlb * ouehtoo , got the eplendid Palace of Blenheim andI £ 4 000 per annum , for , he knew not howiT ,

      rauonB . it had recently been w « ll obsemd , that liJESS 7 D bM ? 1 . weU f « is if we had never won t&e battle of Ramihes , and then we should not have been troubled with Marlborough or hie pension . Those monstrosities al . o prevailed iu the church , the law . md every department of the state , and the sooner they had the Cnart ^ , the quioker they would be enabled toapply the reihedy ; and who would ventuie to say that a remedy wa « not required ? ( Re . newed cheera . ) -Mr G ; J . HoUyoske came forward to move the first resolution as follows :- ' That while fSL SSSSF ? ° ? . 8 the necessity of obedience to the laws ot Bociety , it recognises do right in any ?{;» ^ ii ? ?! r on 8 t ^ thefflselve «« o ^ y . to the txcluiionof thereat of the community , every SS ? l ? nSf « , ? H ^ m lobe conddered iu the making of the laws which he is bound toobey-a claim which is reoogniaed in bo scheme so nlainlv

      asininereopie ' s Charter . ' He said , hew as pleaeed E ^ HW » ' that gentleman came to town * ° « Ji , « J' ¦«»* >? Puttiug down spies , and to ep . pon the hateful ediots of Castlereagh ; and if CastlecnuffnoS j ™ 8 deBi 6 DBdid D 0 t " henSeed he would now for a M mo ffle » t oppose those of Lord John wouwnow . ( Much applause . ) It was said Ifthn KX ^ elr lhey k SEttt ?« & ? tmsmm ' «« S « S io « n ttth > $ * »! r - * ¦* 5 govern tne noh-they simply wsbed to have a hand in governing themselves , and property muJt hfl in I moat pitiab e . condition when it fSS To nut Z 5 m comp ^ u with the unsupporteTyVe ! tf e'S man . under the preeent sTBti > m « Bni .,, i . « j __ ui . L » j

      property , save end except the " ftoiZti " andTureb Sfer- 'c ^ S Sffip ^ s ^ M SW ^ JSft debauch £ ii ? Bend 1 , ? 8 a 8 entB amoD 8 the people to thn trufbhl mM r al khem ' lta ^« ed ffiuch for £ ™ SS ? i Oftha kopje ' s Charter when Ihe nrHhn ? T cdt 08 uch means to put it down . i lii , l rs >) , waB Pleaeing to know that the principles they advocated were making bo much progresa . Mr Holyoake hero passed a vevy high comfifei ? ° r n the meBliDg of delegates recently held at tne bmp loa , Birmingham nn , t » m u , ara th « f ^ t .

      ing and principles there enunciated only carried out I -H ma ? 8 ? 8 ' whole P eoPk muBt speedi ' y be admitted within the pale of the constitution , ( Great

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      applause . ) -Mr Addiscot seconded the motion—Mr Hyde , in mpporting the resolution , invited hisaudience and democratic friends in general to attend the dwussions in that bnilding on Thursday evening , on The People ' s Charter , and its Probable Effects ! ™ lhe resolution was carried unanimeusly—Mr R « ° ^? ^ l ? move the 8800 nd resolution as follows : — lbat while we disapprove of all schemes of violence , we feel the strongest indignation at the opnduot ot the government in first encouraging « uoh schemes through the ; infamous spy system , Bndin aftertrsrda puniBhing ttoir victims with vindictive cruelty . ' J . ni 8 resolution ! called for detestation on the heads of the government for employing spies ; if there was ? u ° ?! "P lrflOy they immediately raised one . So with the Olivers , Edwardses , Castles , and Richmonds ; these aoted precisely in the Bame way as the mkoreant Powell and hia associates had done ; in fact , rpwell appeared to have made Oliver—whn w »« . lit »

      mmself , aoarpenter-his model . He thought no langnage too strong to expreaB his diegust of a go-T 5 . ??* ™ ° could resort to auoh vile means . Although like pravioug speakera , he did uotagree with violent measures , in fact he belived them to be «! fii f UnSe ? e 88 f ry « but he belieTOd * nat * a « acks on property , firing houses , &o ., » were never thought of » i . « 8 « ted by the miscreants to whom he had alluded . Even the very evidence these fellows had Eh ? n tt TrtJH " " ' P'wed that no conspiracy . mL . Wt ! . ' ^) - ??^ ' *» - » tk of April into tliafaots of thBgovenuneiit plot , * , elbiUd on

      ub recenc imis , and traced the wbole conspiracy to the machinations of government . Trusting that the people would be too cautious to fall into suoh traps for the future , he had muoh pleasure in proposing the resolution . ( Great applause . ) Mr Henry Uethenngton , in seconding the resolution , said ; Our great fuilinsf had bsen that by our apathy we haa allowed the middle and other olasses to prevent the accomplishment of our objects , but if the people would hut awuse themselves this could never reour again ; and one great means of effecting this would be by sowing the seeds of political and social information in the workshops , and other places of resort of the werkine men . As regarded this resolution he would speak openly and publicly his opinand he

      wu , advised othen to follow this course , and then they never could become the victims of spies . Speak openly and penuadingly , gam the popular voice , and then there would be no occasion for brute force . The people were now beginning to think , and -a t . ? , ' ° y > t was they were starving in the midst of plenty ! and suoh inquiries must lead to important results . He ( Mr Hetherington ) would never cease in his endeavours , until he had put down a government who could resort to such base means as those alluded to ia this resolution . ( Loud oheere . ) He thought those who did not aspire to be more than slavM , deserved to remain slaves , and endure all the contingencies of slavery bo long as they lived . ( Loud cheers ) The resolution was carried UHammousIy . _ A vote of thanks was riven to th «

      c&ajrraan , and the meeting separated . HoxioN ^ -At a meeting of the Hcxton locality , on Sunday last , Mr Sumner proposed , and Mr Parker seconded , 'That the member * of this locality , meeting at the Hope i Coffee House , Bridport Place , fully concur m the plans proposed by the delegates of the late Couference-of the Ewoutive forming a National Viotim and Defence Fund , and otherwise acting upoa the old Plan of Organisntion ; and feel muoh p leasure , at the same time , in adopting a vote of thanka to Mr O'Connor and those Mend » , for their endeavours to reguacitite the Chartist movement by a policy so likely to ewure those principles we love .

      ana lor whion our esteemed founder has so long laboured . Cmjmi , Rioistrahon Commiitbb . —At a meeting J « ii ? w W c T « esday , the 21 st instant , present-Messrs Milne , Stallwood , Grassby , Goodwin , and Simpson—James Grassby was unanimously elected trustee , instead of William Cnffey . nowan unfortunate victim to Whig vengeance-after whioh the Committee adjourned for a month , then to reassemble to aid in oarrying into practice the propositions of the Executive Council of the National Charter Association .

      Tub Victim CoMmTiBK . -STAB iHn Gabtbb , Kbntish Town . —At a meeting of the members of tnis locality , on Monday evening last , the following resolution was unanimously carried : — ' That we , the members of this locality , are of opinion that there should be ene National Victim Committee tor the whole country ; and , having the fullest confidence in the Central Committee already formed we are opposed to their being dissolved , but that the members of the Executive of the National Charter Association do form part of that Committee : and that we do recommend the Chartists generally , in all parts of the country , to form committees in

      their Eevsral localities , for the purpose of raising funds to support the wives and families of our incarosrated brethren . ' Five shillings was voted for the defence of our friends about to be tried at Liverpool . The members meet at the Star and Garter , Kentish Town , at eight o ' clock , every Monday evening . Thb Victims . —Leamington . —At a meeting of the Lsnd members , the cases of Mrs Jones and Mrs M'Douall were brought before the meeting by J . White-after whioh a subscription was entered into , amounting to 2 i . 5 d ., when it was agreed to adjourn the question to next Monday night , at eight o ' clock , when it is hoped that all persons favourable to that object will attend .

      Bbbhrwicr Haii ,, ' Lmbhousb . —At a general meeting of the members of the abave locality , on Monday , November 20 th , the following resolution was agreed to . Moved by Mr Lsmb , and seconded by Mr Spiers : — ' That we , the members of the Limehouse locality , highly approve of the amalgamation of the Metropolitan Victim Committee with the members of the Executive Couscil of the National Charter AssoeiaUon , and we also give our sincere thanks to the Victim Committee for their zaalous

      and impartial cohduot since they have been in office . ' It was also moved , and seconded , 'That , although we cannot approve of self-elected bodies , but , at the same time , looking at the position in which Chartism is placed , and knowing that those who agreed to form themselves into an Executive at the meeting at Birmingham are good and true Democrats , we are of opinion that every Chartist should heartily concur in their eleotion , and give them all the support in his power , as we pledge ourselves to do . '

      BiRiiwenAU ( Ship Ins ) . —At the uburI weekly meeting on Sunday last , eleven shillings waa collected for the General Victim Committee . The subscription will be kept open till after Sunday next , to give the Land members and Chartists an opportunity of subscribing for the defenoo and inpport of the wives and families of the Whig viotims . A resolution was also passed for holding the anniversary supper of the Land Company and the Democratic Benefit Society , meeting at the Ship , on Tuesday evening , December 26 tb .

      Addrkss of thk Calton Charhsts io Mr Jauhs Moid , Common Councilman of Gusgow , on his RBOBNI TWDMPHANT ElKCTION . A meeting of the Calton Charter Association , took place on the 13 ih inst ., in the Mechanics Institution , whioh was well attended . At a quarter past eight , the president took the chair , when a number of new members were enrolled . Me Robert Alexander moved , and Mr JameB Rodiok seconded , the adoption of the following addms to My Jamee Moir , who haB so successfully defeated the Lord Provoatat the recent eleotion .

      ' Mechanics Institution , ' Canning Street , Calton , 13 th Nov . 1818 Honoured Sir , —We , the Chartists of Calton , hasten to congratulate you on your honourable position as member of the town council of Glasgow , which the electors of the second watd in their wisdom have placed you in . We feel justly proud that you did not sacrifice one single iota of the principles you have bq long held in common with us-that yon did not degrade yourself in the eyes of all upright men by a personal canvass , nor spend a farthing in any way to purchase a place you bo justly merit . Satisfied at the manner in whioh you have entered the council , we feel assured you will oonduot

      yourself in a manner honourable to yoursel f , and satigfae ' ofy to ycur friends—that you will show that the ot-jeots of Chartists are not to / uin , but to elevate both the middle and the working classes—not to disturb the peace ef society , but to destroy the unjust taxes and iniquitous laws , whioh are now shaking it to its centre , and , if not removed , will end in general ruin . Go on , honoured Sir , in the way you bave begun , and ba as you always have been , a temr to your enemies , anda pride to allhonestmea . ' Signed on behalf of the Calton Chartist Association . 'Jontf Anderson , President , 1 Jambs Cairns , Treasurer . 1 Wiu . uuMAOKiE , Secretary . 'ToMrJAMBsiMom . '

      A deputation consisting of Messrs Cairns , AnderBOD , and Canioh , was then appointed to present tho address to Mr Moir . Messrs . Mackie and Canick were also appointed to draw up regulations for the guidance of the association . A vote of shanks waa then given te the chairman and the meetingdiesoheJ . Oq Wednesday evening the deputation waited on Mr Moir , and upon Mr Canick ( reading the above address ) Mr Moir said : 'Gentlemen , I feel highly gratified with this token of respect , and , depend up .

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      on it , I will do all I can to merit it . I umbft U . * same in council as I hare been for many years thZ uncompromising advocate of the people ' s rights Every day I live sbotrs me the greater necessity for the Charter beooming tbe law of the realm . I am aware that a great number of both Whigs acd Tories voted for me at the recent eleotion , and I am determined that they shall not have cause to regret electing a Chartist for their representative . I hope that I shall be able , in some raewure , to relieve all parties from the burthens they go unjoetly bear , and i win do all lean to aid the came of freedom , both ? £ ! , u J& WM * - and do « nto others as I would }! ¦ b a on lddo » ntonie . That Is my Christian printoiple , and on it is based Ohattisa . Suoh principle ! Iwill never desert while I live . ' After someffi Urn conversation the deputation withdrew

      . nIS « S ° l Chabt » m .-Briohtoh .-A ; twS . « 1 ? 8 W * hel dat * ne Artiohoke Inn , oa Tuesday evening , to consider the best means to rewhioh , for spirit and animation , far exceeded any thing . wehaveseenforEome timepart . MrMitohett ran or 78 J , moved the first resolution :- 'That this EfSJtf S tbat the old Plan of SS 2 A « flmwF ? £ the one agreed to by the National Asuembly . is tho best that can be adopted . t preienj [ or . the attainment of the People ' s Charter We ££ iW 1 l peaoaable meaM t 0 0 OT 80 the People '* Charter to become the law tf the realm . ' Me «« i ? i / ,, pith ? t addt l S 8 > 8 econded tte resolution ; and was followed by other speakers who supported the same , whioh being put from the chair

      wannar" « . * mmouill y--Mr John Wells moved , and Ms Williams seconded , the following w solution — ' That Hf ?^ Sr i - , ^ nominated t 0 the BMiwal counoil of rteNa l 0 D 8 i Charter Asaooiation , to conduct tha mZI Si-A ™ * ht 7 ' Carried unanimsusly . g » £ ISFtt "' Flmv - Tu , Ilett ' Willi& » 8 - p * £ Giles , and Harvey , were elected by the meeting Ten shillings was collected for the Defence aS Viohm Fund-The counoil will attend to enrol SSftS "'* / . tiob A ^ Sdky evSg fid ! nd 8 ° f libewy 8 W re 9 »*>» d to ' ¦ '" NiWCASKMB-Tnas —At the weekly council meet

      . ing of ^) 8 braaoh of JtheChMtetAaaocuitioa , it mm unanimously resolved : — ' That a subscription be immediately opened , for the defence ef those patties who have to be tried at the Liverpool Assizes for conspiracy . ' It is hoped thatjthe friends and demoorats of this town will lend their asiistance with as little delay as possible . A sab . icription for the above purpose ij opened at the S mil well Reading Rooms . Mr Henry Fleck , of Blaydon , has gWen one shilling , and trusts the men of Blaydon will not be behind in the good

      work . Bristol . —A spirited meeting was held here oa Tuesday evening , when a looal oounoil was formed , and £ 1 5 s . colleoted for the Defence and Victim Fuud . Mr Charles Clark ' s eleotion to the Executive was confirmed . The names of the Bristol Local Council are , Henry Fincb , John Rogers , W . Tudor . W . Coombi , and Joan Anthony ; Charles Clark , se-« retwy ; W ( Henry Hntt , trewuKf . Weekly meetings are held every Tuesday evening , at seven , o ' clook , at Mr Riohards ' s , Castle Mill Street . Birmingham . —At the usual weekly meeting in thi People ' s Hall , on Sunday eveniBg , lengthy ad .

      drewes were delivered by Mr King , and Mr George White . Mr White caused much merriment arcong the audience by hiei humorous descri ption of prison ; stated his determination to defend himself at the forthcoming trial , » nd called upon the country ia provide for the families of the viotims . Mr Goodwin read Mr O'Connor ' s appeal to the Chartists , and urged the necessity of a becoming response . —The weekly meotings are well attended . Birmingham . —A meeting was held at the Pao « pie ' s Hall , Birmingham ; a few days 8 goMr A .

      , Delzlel in the chair , - when a resolution was passed to the effect that we , the ChartiatB of Birmingham ; duly recognise and will act in accordance with the present Executive as provisionally elected ; but we suggest to them the necessity *> f immediately prooeeding to be constitutionally eleoted-after whioh Mr King addressed the meeting . Mr G . White also addressed the meeting , - upon the ornelties practised towards political prisoners , which will be of weat servioe in arousing the energies of our friends to support the Chartist victims and their families .

      a Dbfbnce of the Lancashire Chartism . —We are informed that , for the purpose of raising a fund for thedefgnce of Chartists to be tried at the Winter Assizes ; Mr Donovan intends visting Dewsbury , on Sunday ; November 26 th ; Huddersfield ; Monday ; Doncaster ; TueBday ; Barnsley ; Wednesday ; Sheffiflld i Thursday ; Mottram , Friday ; Stalybridge , Sunday ; and Hollinvrood . on Monday , December 4 th ,

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      ** ' FORTHCOMING CHARTIST MEETINGS . So tbat , Nov . 26 th . —Mr Miles will lecture at the-People ' s Hall , Birmingham , at half-past six o ' oleck , —A district delegate meeting at Mr Gilroj ' s , Croia Keys , WestJlolborn , South Shields , at two o clock ; -AttheTempsranceHotel , HuU , in the evening . —Mr James Leach , of Manchester , will lecture in the Chartist Room , Yerkshire Street , Roohdale , at six q clock . —Mr Finagan will lecture in the People ' s Institute , Manoheater , at six o ' clock . —At the Bricklayers' Arms . Tonbridge Street . New Road , Somera Town , at eight o ' clock . The members of the Chartist library meet every Monday evening at the above house . —Mr Southwell will lecture at the Souih

      Lendon Chartist Hall , on Sunday evening . Mobdat , Nov . 2 tch .-A meeting will be hold at the Castle Inn , Ipswich . —A general meeting at the DBmooratic Reading Room , 33 , Queen Street , Shef . field , at eight o ' clook .-Mr Skevington will deliver an addreBa at the Wheat Sheaf , Loughborough , at eight O ' clook ,-At Cartwright ' s Coffae House , Red Cross Street , City , discussions every Monday and Thursday . Wednesday / Not . 29 th .- A meeting will be held a the Walters' Arms , Church Street , Deprtfod , at eight o dock . —A social meeting for the benefit of the Victim Fundat tbe South London Chartist _ _

      , — — y v ~—— . wvvsvaB HIHVHI WMH * VWV 81 HJDAY , Deo . 3 rd . —Mr S . Kydd will lecture at the Literary Institution , John Street . Fiizroy Square , in the evening .

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      I Wholesale Infanticide in Manchester . — Here , in the most advanced nation in Europe—in one o { the largest towns in England—in the raiflst of a population unmatched for its energy , industry , manufacturing skill—in Manchester , the centre of a victorious agitation for commercial freedom—aspiring to literary culture—where Percival wrote and Dalton lived—thirteen thousand three hundred and sixty-two children perished in seven years over and above the mortality natural to mankind . These

      'little children , ' brought up in unclean dwellings and impure streets , were left alone long days by their mothers , to breathe the subtle , sickly vapourssoothed by opium , a more ' cursed' distillation than < hebenon '—and when assailed by mortal disease their stomachs torn , their bodies convulsed , their brains bewildered , left to die without medical aidwhich , like Hope , should come to all '—the skilled medical man never being called in at all , or only summoned to witness the death and sanction the funeral .

      State of the Country . —The social aspect of the country was evinced on Monday in a manner at once deplorable and undeniable . The remaining estates of the Earl of Blcssington were put np for sale , and were in every instance withdrawn , because purchasers were unwilling to approach the values set upon them by the receiver . If the whole had been putwp in one lot this would not excite so much surprise , but it was not so . The estates were divided into several portions of about COO to 800 acres , The lettings of the land are all under the ordnance valuation . They are situate in the best and most improving part " of Tyrone , a peaceful northern county , yet in no instance could the small capitalists of those improved districts be induced to offer more than 20 to 21 years' purchase on the present rental . This ia an evidence of the condition of the country which cannot be misapprehended !

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      Facts fob Free Tbadebs . —An eminent London ship broker , in writing to hia correspondents ia the country within the last few days , gives the lolloping striking illustrations of the fallacy of reciprocity and Free Trade movements , in the mercantile world . Under the head of ' contracts , ' the French government , disregarding the reciprocity treaties which existed between this country and the French . Republio , have inserted a clause in their contract for coals to be furnished for the use of the French navy , to the effect that they are to be carried in none but French bottoms—thus striking a blow at the Free Traders and Navigation Law abolitionists of this country , which must convince them of the futility

      of their anticipations in the matter of general reciprocity . Our American neighbours , having also an eye to the encouragement of their own trade , have inserted a clause in all contracts for railroad iron wbichhave been sent from this country during the year , stipulating that this commodity must not bo carried in any but American bottoms . It will thus be seen that our two powerful neighbours are willing to take our iron and coal , but they are determined , as far aa in them lies , to damage our shipping . These facia , of which the English maritime i&tetests were so long and so oiten forewarned by Lord George Beminck , are new becoming matters ot daily occurrence , and will speakfor themselves . — Liverpool Couritr .

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      LAND . SAinroAY , Nov . 25 TH .-A general meeting will t » held in the School Room , Butta , Belper , at seven o ' clock . Sdndat . Nov , 26 ih .-A meeting will beheld at Mr Richard Hamer ' s , St Thomas Street , Radcliffe Budge . —At Hudson ' s Aoademy , 15 , Cross Street , Hatton Garden , ( City and Finsbury branch ) , at Bmno olock . —AtMrJonn Parkes ' s , Old Shildon , at two o clock .-At the Bazaar , Leeds , every Sunday , at two o ' clook . —Sunderland and Bishopwoar * mouth branches , at the Royal Oak , Horus Lane , Sunderland , at two o ' olock , Monday ., Nov . 27 th . —At the Prince of Wales Lodge Room , Malt Shovel , North Church Side , Hull , in tho evening . —In Pullar ' s Close , Murraygate , Dundee , at eight o ' clook .

      Tcbbdat , Nov . 28 iH ,-At the Oak Inn . Cotton End , Warwick , at eight o ' clock . —At Mr Barnes ' s , Exeter Street , Chelsea , at half-past seven o ' clock . — At the Duke of Lancaster , John Street , Kingsland road , at half . past eight o ' clock . Wedmbsdai , Nov . 29 ih . —The Whittingtoa and Cat branoh will meet at eight o ' clock . Sukday , Dec . 3 bd . —At Mr Finley ' s , Stockerly Green , IveBton , at three o ' clock . —In Mr Jude ' s long room , Newcaatle-ou-Tyne , at four o ' oluck . —At Mr Wood ' i , Smitby Brow , St Helen ' * . —In the Chris-Man ' s meeting room , Hooley Hill . Dukinfieltl , at two o ' clock .

      MoKnA * ., Dec . 4 th—At the "Wheatsheaf , Lough , borough , at eight o ' clock . —In Mr Frankland ' s room , Lune . street . at , eight o ' clock . —Meetings will be held at Halifax , at the usual time and place .

      — «T«Btfm*Wansd!Itob«F9r«Gtbts. H . Jo All Who Live By Industry.

      — « T « btfM * wansd ! itob « f 9 r « gtBtS . . JO ALL WHO LIVE BY INDUSTRY .

      Mnm Ihuiiteenm ..

      mnm iHUiiteenm ..

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      \ AND NATIONAL itM ^ JOURNAL .

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      VOL . XII . No 579 . LONDON , SATURDAY , NOVEMBER 25 , 1848 . / . " ™ ^ efe ^ b ^ T .... ,..,.. ___ **** Shlllliign and Sixpence per Quarter

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Nov. 25, 1848, page unpag, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1498/page/1/