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Northern Star (1837-1852), 9th September 1848, Edition 1 of 4, Page 5, Untitled Article

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      Untitled Article

      v body lhat ever sat in this country , not excepting ihe famous Ramp Parliament . Unfortunatel y for ^ have no Cromwell now to kick them out , nd lock the doer afterwards . The speech which the Ministry had prepared for closing the session , was strikingly in accordance with fte character of the session itself . Apart altogether from its vulgar , slovenly , slipshod , uagrammatical composition , it was in all other respects a miserable production . The Encumbered ( Irish ) Estates Bill , the Scotch Entail Bill , and the Sanitary Bill , are the only measures enumerated as having been passed into laws . In order to swell the list , the Irish Poor Law , which was passed in the closing uv body that ever sat in this country , not excepting ! v ' - famous Rump Parliament . Unfortunately for

      session of the last Parliament , is pressed into the service , and by way of making some show , the distress in Ireland , the voluntary contributions for the relief of that distress , and other equally foreign topics are logged into the speech head and sheulders ; the ingenuity of its author must have been exceedingly hard taxed to spin such a yarn out of the meagre materials he had famished for the purpose , and in order to eke out something like a decent number of paragraphs , much is said about foreign affairs , and something about" organised Confederacies , to excite my suffering subjects to rebellion in . Ireland . " If the review of the past is barren and disheartening the peep into the political future of Lord John

      Rnssell is equally so ; there is no hope held out of any attempt , or even af the existence of a desire to make an attempt , to grapple with the great questions of the age . Lord John and his colleagues have carried the hisses faire principle of modern government to its hig hest state of perfection . Henceforth everything that must require to be looked after , amended , and regulated , is to be let alone , Parliament , or , in other words , 656 gentlemen free to do what they like , are to be at liberty to make what speechesand motions they please . Lord John holds

      that it is no part of the constitutional duty of a Government to prepare public measures , or to superintend their passage throug h the house . The whole functions ef the Executive Government , according to his new theory , consist in collecting the taxes , spending them , and receiving their own salaries regularly . It is just as well that the country should know this , and be prevented from indulging any expectations , which are certain to be disappointed , so long as the present men remain in Office .

      The worst of it is , that we do not see in any other quarter better mm to take their places . We do not mean by that there ars not better men in tie country , bnt simply , that in the present st :. t of parties no other administration but the | ese t is practicable . The Whig Radical party are n mentally too weak , even if they were united , to su-. 1 |! n i ministry of that party , and that they are an . thing hut united is well-known to everybody . ( n the other hand , the continued division of the two

      sections of the former Conservative party , neut alii is the chance of either holding the reins of power . The Whigs arc strong only in . he weakness and division of the other parties in t' e House . To that fact alone can be attributed the political puzzle of a Ministry continuing to exist , and to have a chance of retaining office for some time to come , which is looked upon with general dissatisfaction and contempt by all parties in the country except its own immediate on-hangers .

      Mr Disraeli , in his clever resur . § of the Session , had to clear the House of Commons from the blame of being accessory to the lame , impotent corelusion of a ten months' SessiunJ . aud to some extent successfully . We have frequently stated our own conviction , that there was no lack of will to work on the part of Parliament , but that its energies were wasted and misdirected in consequence of the Kant of clear-headed and business men at the head

      of affairs to give them a right direction , to prevent useless debates , and to keep them properly employed with matters of real and pressing importance . In fact , Mr Disraeli's speech was but an elaboration of this statement But" two blacks don ' t make a white . " Mr Disraeli , in his witty and sparkling speech was successful in showing the incapacity of Ministers , bnt when he added , he had vindicated the character of the Commons , he west too far . The Parliament which submitted to become useless or

      mischievous in the hands of a useless and mischievous administration , must take its fair share of the blame which attaches to such conduct . We oliserve that some of the Ministerial papere are trying to throw all the blame of the long session and its beggarly performances 0 : 1 those Siamese twins , Messrs Anstey and Urqnhart . Undoubtedly , these pragmatical and babbling fellows have wasted a good deal of time , which might have been more usefully spent ; but , admitting that their speeches as calculated by Mr Osborne , would be equivalent to a five weeks' debate , that will not account for the melancholy failure which every one admits the session to be ; the necessity of putting a stop to the ceaseless flow of words ,

      • ' In ana weak , warty , everiaitlng flood . " from such endless spouters , however , appears to have attracted attention in various quarters . A Committee ef the House has reported several suggestions , based principally on the views of the Speaker ; and we obseive that Mr O'Connor has given notice for next session of a limitation of the time of speaking , which , we believe , would be found most beneficial i « practice . If a man cannot clearly state his ideas on anv ordinarv subject in twenty minutes , or

      half-anhour , fee had better keep quiet , and , like the silent member , say— " ditte to Mr Burke . " The evil of long speeches has attained an intolerable height . A member thinks he is nothing unless he can keep on his legs for two or three hours , while , in the ceurse of his tiretome , prosy , and common-placeharangue , he will not state a single new fact , throw the slig htest new lig ht upon the question , or lay down any great first principle by which it should be tested and decided . Lacking the possession of quality they endeavour to make it np by quantity .

      With a few closing remarks on the session next week , we shall be glad to bid it " good-by , " and consign it to that oblivion or contempt which awaits it in history .

      £O Fteader* & Correspondents

      £ o fteader * & Correspondents

      Untitled Article

      To the Editor of the Xanana Stax . —Sis , — Would you inform me through the Noitbebs Stax , the best guide to the United States , North America ? One that treats on the mirfcg department would be preferable . Yours , &c , A Soa of Ton .. —Newcastle-on-Tjne , 30 th of ABgust . [ Our correspondent must app ' y to' the JJirectorsofthe Rational Land Company , 1 * 4 , High Helborn , for a solution of his second question . Ed . X . S . ] Ha J . Taylor , Salford . —The charge would be lonr shil . lings and sixpence . A Lass Hexbek , St Helens . —Ton should have sent fonr siillinga with your communication . J . Sweet acknowledges the receipt of the following sums for the Defence Fund , vU .: —Mr Chipondale , Is . ; Mr Shepherd , 3 d . A . F . Ellasd , Lambsth . —We may some time find room for the verses . J . S . B . B . —We cannot with certainty advise , but should recommend to let matters take their course , and when brought before the court to state the case , as it has ' been done to us . E . Taylob , Gloucester , and T . Cabet , Greenwich . —Xo

      room . Notice . —All parties holdisg tickets for Mrs Cofiaj's raffle , are requested to bring them to 83 , Dean-ttreet , on Sunday erening , the 10 th inst The Victim Fcsd—Mr Maurice WhittJngham , ot Wol-Terhampton , states that a few friends sent 5 i on the 22 nd of August , to Mr Christopher Hayman , secretary , 152 , High Ho'born , which has not yet been acknow . ledged in the No&thebk Stab , and inquires the reason , why it has not ? The Libebtt Ford— We learn that thebaTotfortke four freehold houses at Holt , in West Norfolk , will finally cloEeon Wednesday September 2 ith . AllfriendB who intend taking sSareB , are therefore solicited to forward theamonct < 5 f the same , on or before that day , to the secretary , John Arnett , Bricklayere * Armi , Tontridge street , New-road , Iondon . if by Post Office order , nade payable to Mr Charles Dadderidge , at the Battle-bridge , Tost Office .

      Untitled Article

      EXECUTIVE NOTICE . All monies received on behalf of the Liberty und , will be acknowledged next week .

      Untitled Article

      NATIONAL LAND COMPANY . A dentation frem the Director ; , consisting of Me » ra P . M Grata and T . Clatjr , will visit the following branches daring the enduing week : —Monday , lltb . Shield ; Tuesday , 12 tb , Boneaiter ; Wedi «< iay , \ Z ' Ja , Barnslty : Thureday , Mrh , Dtwtbury , Etd district : Friday , loth . Halifax , And district .

      Untitled Article

      Liv £ rp ol—Oa Sunday evening , Mr Edmund Jocec will deliver a lectnte . Subject : —CommnniBtn ; what it is , and its f ffects on scciety ; ' at Jolley'n Temperacce Hotel . 76 , Cre * sweU-etr . et : to commence fttcUhto ' tl'ck . A tea-par ; y and ball wiil ba held on Tuesday eveninf , September 12 'h , at the same pl ace . The proceeds to be g iven to the Victim Fond . Tei on the table at eihgt o ' clock . South Shiilds . —A general meeting of Land members will b 3 held in Mr Dryden ' s Schoolroom , Mill Dae , on Monday evening next , at half-psst seven o ' clce * ; , to discuss the proportions laid down by Mr O'Connor . It is hoped that all the members will attend .

      Untitled Article

      TO THE WORKING CLASSES . Words are things , and a small drop of fok FaUinj—like dew—npoa a thought , produces That which msfes thousands , psrhapg millions think . ' . bx » o !» . ' THE FRENCH 'REPUBLIC Brother Pbolbtahians , Exulting over the downfall of Lotra Blakc , thaTniMhaiaddreBsed a series of articlei to that proscribed friend of the human race , for theprofesstd purpose of showing the folly and wickedness of revolutionary changes ; and the wisdom of , and hap . piness arising from , the anti-revolutionary career of tte people of thia country . The French Revolution , ' Eays the Times , ' was concerted and exeonted upon the pretext 0 ! se : nring a greater liberty of the subject , and more advanced political freedom . ' Instead of this state ol freedom having been established , the Times , in describing the TO THE WORKING C \ , \ SW c ^ uaooaa .

      actual situation of France , truly shows that— 'The personal freedom of French citiieas is at an end . The courts of justice and the forms of law are sup ? r Eeded by courts-martial , at which individual ? , arbitrarily arres ' ed , are summarily condemned to penalties which nothing but the discretion of the judge regulates . There can be no political clnbs , dinner ? , er demonstrations ; no protests , pamphlets , or remoBstranoss . The entire pre 3 B is under the irresponsible control of a military officer , who suspends , suppresses , or seizes any publications tending to embarrass or obstruct his pslicy . ' The Times adds a good deal in illustration of the misery of the working classes , and concludes by asserting that all these evils , oppressions , and disappointments are the

      natural and necessary consequences cf the Revolution of February . The TiMES thereupon argues that that revolution was both a foil ; and a crime . Here I most observe—paradoxxal as it may seem —that the Revolution was not the wotk of the R volutioniatr . The responsibility of that catastrophewhether a folly era crime , or bath—rests with King Smith and bis Man Friday , Gdizot . The Revolution et February was the natural and inevitable conolu eion of the corrupt and despotic system founded on the barricades of July ; just as the R-volution ot ' 93 was the necessary result of the grindingdespotism of Lone XIV , the profi g * cy of Lotjis XV ., and the imbecility of Lotus XVI . ; and just , as the present damnable tyranny—the heartless rale sf the workmen ^ lajing bourgeoisie— is Bure to bring fotth another struggle . The Turn speaks of Loo ts Blutc as ' the representative of ideas destined to be effaced as soon

      as they were expressed . ' ' Effaced ! ' Does the Iuies-writer imagine thatths 'ideas' he speaks of were massacred in the June slaughter ? or flung into the Seine ? or shot in the cellars of the Tuiieries ! or have been transported by the autocratic command of Dictator Cavaiosac ? Effaced , indeed ! The ideas ' of JUSTICE will , I believe , yet eSacethe false , plundering , acd murdering system whioh—all the world over—is championised by the traculent Taiw . If not , if fate has decreed the perre ' uation of the reign of triumphant crime—that the labourer Bhall for ever be the prey of the spoiler—I can , at all events , tell the Tiuss-writer one thing—that the men who have imbibed the 'ideas' he f coffi at , are in no humour to succumb to their conquerors ; but , even if vanquished in the future , as they have been already , will , nevertheless , commit their cause to their descendants , in the ferveat faith that

      • B xJy killhig tyrants cannot kill Toe pnbllc soul , the hereditary will—¦ Which downward , asfrom sire to son it goes , By shifting bosoms more intensely glows—Its heir-loom is the heart , and slaughter'd men Fight fiercer in their orphans o ' er again . ' The existing tyranny in France—the destruction of pubr ' c and personal freedom—the enslavement of the press—the misery , prescription , and massacre of the wotking classes , is not te be attributed—as the Times falsely asserts—to the Revolnticn of February , bat to the fact that the principles of that

      revolution have not been carried out . It is ( and has hitherto teen ) too true , astheTiMBS says , that * The poor monopolise as large a proportion ot the miseries of a revolution as of the calamities of a famine . ' Bnt why so ? Because of ( he ignorance of the people themselves , the treachery or incapacity of their leader ; , acd the intrigues of their enemies . As I have shown in previous letters , these three cauges have all been in active operation to produce the Dead-Sea fruits' which , ' fair to the eye bat within dust and ashes , ' have been brought forth by the tree of liberty' planted on the 24 th of February .

      Speaking of 'happy' conservative England , as contrasted with unfortunate revolutionised France , the Times bids Loins Blanc bend bis stepB * from Leicester-square ta the Boulevard 6 f London , and he will find that instead of four shops out of five being closed , the whole line of Regent-BtreeS is glittering with the merchandise of the world , acd yet animated with the expiring buBtle of the season ' While on hi * London ^ pilgrimage I trust that the author of Ten Tears' will extend his researches b ? yond Regent-street . Let him visit the purlieus of Westminster , the rookeries of St Giles ' s , the dens ot Bin , and shame , and sorrow , of want , and wretchedness , and woe abounding in Clerkenwell , Sonthwark , and the Tower-Hamlets ; and existing more or less in all parte of this Babel . If he will do so , I promise him such revelations ef misery , igBorsnce , and crime , as shall enable him to silence the Thunderer of Printinz-House Square .

      The journey of 'fifty miles into the country , ' as suggested by the Tuns , will not improve the picture of ' happy England . ' Labourers driven from their natural heritage , the land , may be seen—neither few sor far between—at the miserable , profitkes tr-il of stone-breaking , or pining like gaoled felons in Union Workhouses . If the * fifty pules' are extended to one two , or four hundred miles , Norwich , Manchester , Liverpool , and Glasgow , will exhibit still more appalling illustrations of the ' blegBingB * the Times vaunts o . Biased may be the spider who suckB the life from its victim , and blessed may be the parasites of tie aristocracy who exhibit their' glittering merchandise' in Regent-itreet , bnt not eo blessed are they that have their life-blood drained to glut the

      rapacity of aristocrat ; , capitalists and shopoorats . Even within sight of the ' glittering' heaps gathered together ia this metropolis , famishing creatures exhibit their rags and misery , because denied ' the right to labour ; ' and many a houseless wanderer is even refused the temporary shelter of the inhospitable and filthy casual ward of the workhouse . The Times talks of bloodshed and massacre in France , bnt let the Times remember the victims of the irish famine , and reflect that those whe fell on both sides in the June insurrection , numbered not a tithe of those who recently perished by famine , and faminecreated pestilence under the operation of the blessed anti-revolutionary system commended to the admiration of Louis Blakc . The Times ef Monday hut contained a note from Louis Blasc , in which the writer intimated that a number of Englishmen , partaking his opinions , bad expressed a desire to give him Eome public

      demonstration of their sympathies , wbicb , with all thankful acknowledgements , he declined ; be conceiving it to be his duty to abstain from taking part in public manifestations whilst a Eojourner in this country . I consider the illustrious exile has taken a wise course in coming to this decision ; although had he decided otherwise , thousands would have been only toe h » p ? y to have paid their respects to this persecuted champion of the right s of labour . The Tijiks of this day ( Thursday ) contains a leader * on this subject . The TiuEs-writer affects to be at a loss to conceive who the parties can be who desired to express their respect for Louis Blakc ; and wonders what kind of sentiments or ideas can have animated them . The rest of the article is an outpouring of venom against the exiled patriot , written for the purpose of making it appear that he is responsible for the blood of the workmen shed in Jane , and for all the miseries they are now suffering .

      The Times asserts that Louis Blasc sought to transfer property from the middle classes to those below them ; and that , therefore , the middle classes rebelled . At last , then , even the Times confesses that the shtpocracy were the real rebels . But it is false that Locis Blasc sought to deprive the middle classes of their property . What he sought was to toESsrve to the working men their property—the fruits of their industry , hitherto 'pillaged' by the classes above them . It was to ' conserve , not their own property , but their power of robbery , that tbe hour geoisie rebelled , and succeeded in forcing the workmen once more behind the barricades . The combat of June was forced on by the bourgeoisie , who wistei to' strike terror' into the hearts of the ouvriers , and thereby put a stop to their efforts to redeem them selves from social slavery .

      The Times wants to know if the English 'sympathisers'include a single person who conscientiously believes tint Fracca won ! d have been rendered lees miserable , or French prospects les gloomy , by the success of the ' advanced' Republicans , Althongkl am not included amongst the parties , who appear to have been in communication with Louis Blanc ainoe his arrival in London , yet as I do sympathise with that pure-hearted patriot ; and , I may add txp : e-s , too . the sympathies of multitudesof my countrymen , I nny say , that I have no hesitation in answering the queries put by the Times in the affirmative . I more tbaa believe , I am confident , that had the majority of the Provisional Government belonged to the 'advanced Republic , ' France would at this moment —in spite of temporary saffering—been en the high road to real and lasting prosperity acd happiness As it is , future revolutions will be the eatnral acd inevitable consequence of the triumph of the bour

      qtouie . The calumnies cast upon LcDia Blakc by the Tikes are quite in accordance with the character of thkt paper . The exile has one consolation—that journal is recognised , all the world over , as the unscrupulous defender of the crimes of capital ; and enjoys in this conntrv the special hatred ef tbe working classes , as the pitiless and truculent enemy of the rights of Labour .

      Untitled Article

      i" ™ & *• Just published a pamphlet , ad-!? Sk iV eleotor 8 of th 8 diff <* ent departments by which h 3 was returned to the National Assembly , ? i 3- n acc ount of his oondnct and motive whilst h » K * and repIyin « to the wrioM attacks that * £ & uH ? !" - Ofl e ™ P ° » . the maI " X 5 £ ? 7 i ! haTe kenbyBomepartiesimputed to i 2 rt 22 lRt ? ° V » ional government , Lamar . othlrnnif K- enfc \ " Pretty satisfactory . On all forSrSSS " ^ a tions condemn him , and musi idwhtu ^ t 0 an y connexion he may have a with the ultra-demooratic party . ««^ hfnJra 5 ° ^ e 88 e 8 tbat « ^ e very hour which theU cnmma « i . of the P «™ onal government tWfc . ^ " P ' ' real Republic , and tbe ' Moderate' or Am Republic . He prideshim-SS . ta'S ? 8 h 0 W ? r t "Elding and successful op-S ° iJi - 2 m he to" » ' " of another & ?!• : « nd ?? mes tha he ever pronged the working c ' asses the or ganisation of lahnnr' He s& \ s . Lammiiisb has just nnblisheJ a namnWat . ad-

      • hat ma speech he delivered to the Socialist workffi ! rv * » " «?«« themselves en mam&t the Sin Ue - *? InBfBted on * ««« of a proclahe r . ltt « r * w ., « BM » i » tion of labour , jLj "f * ; if he were to be placed at the month of twenty pieces of cannon he would not sign tne pnrase or ganisation du travail because after fifteen jeara' study he had not been able to understand it . Very honest , no doubt . But mu > t the massescontinue to suffer beoauae of Lamartines thick-headedneBB ? Had he been the conscientious gentleman he affects to be , he would not nwe accepted the post of chief of the Provisional Government , he would have made way for a wiser man . And had the two hundred thousand workmen acted wisely on the 17 ch of March , they would have hurled him and the majority of his colleagues from power , to the cry of Get you gon * . give place to better men !'

      But I shall prove Lamartinjj guilty of something very like prevarication . Granted that he did make the speech he sayj he did on the 17 th of March , he had at least two weeks previously sanctioned the publication of the following documents : — Whereas , the Revolution having been accomplinhed by the people , eught to be accomplished for the people ; whsreas , the time hes arrived for puttiDg a s ' op to the long and iniqultoui sufferings et the wortmw ; whereas , this cnbject is one of Immmse importance , tad worthy of the greatest consideration of a republican government ; it therefore behoves France to deliberate carefully , ani to bestow its earnest attention upon this problem wblch Unaw placed before the iaduitrial nations of Europe , and to consult , without a moment ' s delay , upon the means of Knir&ateelng to the people tke legitimate fruits

      of their labour . The provisional government decreesthat a permanent committee be appointed , to te entitled the committee for the government ef workmen , with the ezpreai and special mission to wa'ch over their Interest- . In order to demonstrate the importance which the provisional government attaches to the sola * tlon ef this grand problem . It appoints as President of the committee , one of its memb rs , M . Louis Blanc , and f no . tberof Us members , M . Albert ( mechanic ) , to be Vice-Presideat . - Workmen will themselves be called npen to f-rm a portion of the committee , which will sit at the palace of the Luxembourg . ( Signs !?) Lotus Blamo , 6 iinie& Pagm , Abhamd Mabbabt . That the R ? public guarantees an existence to everyone through labour ; that it guarantees work to every citizen

      It recognises the right of wptkaen to asiooiate ¦ mopg thehwelves in order to enjoy the full benefit of their lebjar . I-promises to give to the ouvriers the million cuteff from ths civil list . . Gabsieh , Paqei , Loon Blanc . 'ThB Provisional Government decrees . ' Lamartine dof s not and cannot deny that he was a party to the decree for the appsintment of' the committee for the government of workmen . ' The mission of that committee was to ascertain'the means' which were to be applied by the government to put a stop to the long and iniquitous sufferings of the workmen , ' by ' guaranteeing to the people the legitimate fruits of their labour . ' This decree was signed not merely by Leun Blakc , but also by . Marbasi and Gaesikk Packs , thesworn friends of Lamabtine , and the b tter

      enemies of Louis Blasc . Bnt the second decree ! b -till more foraibly expressed : — Tha Republic guarantees an existence to eaerg one through labour ; it gvarantees work to every citizen' Tois decree also bears thesignature o f Gabnub Pages . Will Lamarmne deny that decree ? A fortnight later , when surer of the support of the bourgeoisie who were again lifting their heads and already conspiring against the Democracy , as manifested by their demonstration on the 16 th of March , and wheD ho had oom menced his smuggling of troopB into the capital , tben it appears to have suited him to deolare himself agsinet the organisation of labonr . But he cannot declare away the decrees above recited . They stand in the records of the Revolution and are not to be effaced by any amount of poetical , egotistical rigmarole , even though signed by the once magio name- ' 0 fL&MABTINB .

      Lamabtine says , 'that on the sixth day after the R volntitn , he had the idea of abolishing tbe penalty of death for political offences , ' and he Bays , ' the iame inspiration descended at ] the same time from Heaven into the breasts of his colleagues . ' lie adds that aftr the abolition of death was unanimously voted , the members of the provisional government ' fell into the arms of each other , and gave each other the kiss of life ! ' I think I see them now < Mabbabi hugging Ledbu Rolun , Abago passionately em . braciDjt Loom Blanc , Mabb c ! a ? ping Flocon to his heart (?) , Gabnibr Pages doing the amiable by Albebi , and , lastly , Lamabtine giving the 'kiss of life' all round . Suoh a sight would have made

      even Launce ' s dog weep tears of sympathy , had he beea present . It is tme there is the other side of the picture : —Lajiartinb , Abaoo Mabis and Mar . ribi givi pg their evidence before the Committee of Investigation ( query—Assassination ) . and doing their best to ; deatroy , bothlpolitteally and morally , the men to whom they had given the kiss of life . But of course all thia is natural , for has not Lamartise said ( see evidence before Odillen Barrot ' s com . mittee ) that' facts are connected together in political order in the same manner as in moral order . ' No diubt the kiss of Marrasi is as 'connected' with traaohery , as waB the kiss of Judas !

      Lamabtikk includes amongst the grounds of his claims to the confidence of the bourgeoisie , that he eava nothing but' soft words' to the Poles and the Irish , armed assistance , or aDy real assutance , he never intended to give to either . And so , as ' soft words butter no parsnips , ' the ' oppressed nationalities' are just where they were , ; or rather worae than they were , from thejdisappointment of hopes eioited by the Revolutien of February , but which hopes Lamariinb took gocd care should not be realised . On the charge of having encouraged attempts of armed pr . ipagandism against Belgium , Germany , and Savoy , Lauartihe declares tbat formal ordeig were given and proclamations issued to prevent such attempts , and that when bodies of men were assem .

      bled to make them they were dissolved . He appeals to all governments , and says : — 'If there be onewhich accuses tbe Minister of Foreign Affairsof complicity , or even negligence , in the repression of those attempts , I declare myself csnvioted of felony . ' This is bold speaking , but is it truth-speaking ? Why it is ' as notorious as the inn at noon-day' that 'legions ' of Belgians , Germans , Poles , and Italians , were openly and regularly enrolled and organised in the streets of Paris . The projected invasion of Belgium was universally talked of in Paris , and will this man , who acknowledges that as Minister for Foreign Affairs , he had the sum of 233 , 000 francs of secret service money at his disposal , for the purpose of obtaining information , &o ., will he Dretend

      that he was ignorant of what was known to every gaminin Paris ? No one can donbt that he knew all about it . and connived at it , not for the purpose of revolutionising Belgium , but fur the purpose of securing the destruction of the revolutionist ;! . Had heacted an honest part , he would have forbidden the enrolment of the ' legion , ' or at any rate have prevented the departure of the misguided men from Parii . He did neither . He allowed the poor fe ! - lowsto proceed openly by railway to the frontier , where they were trapped and destroyed . It will be remembered that the first detachment was taken by the train across the frontier , and set down in the very midst of an armed force of Belgian troops drawn up to surround them . Those who followed , though the ; defeated an intended repetition of this treachery and stopped shcrt at the French side of the frontier , were compelled by the persecution of the

      Provisional Government ' s agents to cross into Belgium , where they were shot down or taken prisoners . In this day ' s Stab will be found the names of a number of men who have been condemned to death by the Bslgian government for having taken part in or favoured ' the invasion . ' Some of these unfortunate men I know personally , and I am acquainted with tbe names of others as pure and ardent democrats . Judge then whether I have not got too good reason to feel more than I shall allow my pen to express in tho way cf disgust and indignation towards this Lauartisb , whom I Bhall regard as mainly responsible for the blood of my betrayed friends , if tbat blood be shed . But perhaps Louis PmuFrs ' a daughter may remind Leopold of the uncertainty of fortune , and the instability of thrones , and in that case the condemned democrats may be spared to witneBS happier timeswhich mutt not yet be despaired of .

      , I admit tbat proclamations were issued against the attempts at' arnledpropagandiem / and , in some instances , armed bodies of men were dissolved . But only after the poor felJowi had openly and irrevocably committed themselves ; and when they had only the choice of risking death in 1 battle on the German or Belgian side of the frontier , or the certainty of death by starvation on the French side . Lamariinb wished to get rid of the ' foreigners ' from Paris , because he apprehended that in their rasks the olub 3 would find allies dangerous to the ' moderate Republic' He does not say this , but his conduot can only be thus interpreted . Hi * appeal to foreign governments will not Bave him from the charge of 'complicity . ' If those governments would ,

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      I have no doubt they could prove his complioity , not with the ' Propagandists , ' but with themeelvos ( the foreign governments ) to rieatroy the Revolutionary mrty . eternal dishonour rests on tho name ol oon « i ? d ^ fot havin enooura » edthe risings in 1830-31 u 1 Poland , Italy , Spain , < fec , and then betrayed and persecuted the actora therein . Lamar tihe has played a similar part . The results may theMTO le 88 ' £ uinary but . the policy of both waa Lamariire states that it was hewho proved the organisation of the Garde Mobile , which saved Paris ana D ranee on the 23 rd of June , and asks if that Ihavenn dn ,, kt * t , \ j IV ....

      were want of foresight ? No ! It was , on the conwary , proof of a far-seeing policy , thonghoopied from the policy of kings : — Divide and conquer ! ' Tho Garde Mobile , taken from the most Unorant and reckless orders of the Parisian populace , were sudplied with arms and uniforms , and attached to th ' e government by pay fourfold tho amount rocoived by he soldiers of the line . Thes 9 were the tools which Lamartine had the'foresight' to prepare against the day when tbe real workmen should descend int ) tbe streets , to enforce by arms the fulfilment of tho prof ! Hl ! m ? t hj the p 'ovHonal government in the ZZtlX \ u Kc J . dt For this datable foresight he deserves the admiration of the bourgeoisie- Why confiS ™ W « t 0 withdraw from him the SedIt , ? Ch hC pr ° him 8 elf so wel 1 enrf ^ SnShT ? 6 apt 8 t 0 o ! ear hin"e f etany share ot responsibility , on account of tho . Tn ™ !«<> .,.. «„> , •„„

      wo ' rkmS £ y' * ! & ** M hi 8 opinion' tha the h SW ? , * lional ™ l"hops should JJuLt ° K ™ ilway 8 . otherwise ' a battle would ensue on the dissolution ^ the ateliers . ' Here Sf «» ^ S ? amab 0 5 » ° the Assembly , in Odiuo * BiBims 1 committee ' s ' report , ' and in the news P ' f ^ . nd English—tho liea about ' war sgainstsociety ' - ' war against property and family , ' 4 c . the conflict was , in faot , as h is been repeatedly stated in this journal , a war for labour , bread , and lifeLAMAniiNE

      . next shows how zealonslv he labouredto fill PariB with troops ; and that he waa unceasingly ocoopir d fcr a day or two previous to the outbreak on the 23 rd of June , in confering with generals , and making all military preparations for combat , It never seems to have struck this huma . nity-monger , who had been eo Z'alous in proposing the abolition of death-punisbmenti , that the execution of thousands in the streets by bayonets and cannon , was something more horrible than the gu'l loaning of a * few iadividnals . Nor does hi appear to bave thought that the bloodshed he was Drensrinc

      tor could have been prevented , hadthegovcr iment of whioh he was a member , set about making good the proaiBes they had given four months before to the deceived , disappointed , and despairing workmen . The last paragraph I shall notice in Lamartise ' b precious statement , is the following : — TheRspubie , Inspired by WasbiDgton , sball triumph ov : rthe Bepublio of Bitoeuf , Robtspierre , andDanton ! In other ages , other ideas , other thought ! , other men ! lhi « is the truth with regard to society . Fco ! s will swallow this as a piece of profound political philosophy . I f , as Lamariinb B 8 yg , the ideas , thoughts . and men of' 93 would be out of place now , how comes it that the ideas , thoughts , and men of 76 would be m place ? Granted that the Republicof Robespibrbk is of the past , the Reoublicof

      Washington is of the older paBt . In faot , the Republic of Washing ton waa but the Eaglhh Republic ef 1645 reprodeced and brought to perfection on the American continent . Washikgtok was a good and skilful man , andalso a great man for his time . Bnt he would not suit the present time , no more than would Wallace , the hero of Sootland . Wallace was a great man for the time , when it was necessary to lead a natuvi to the recovery ef its outraged nationality . Bnt Wallace is m t wanted now . The Radicals used to toast the memories of' Hampden who died on field , and Stdnet on the scaffold , ' but this toast has passed away . Hampden and Sidney were no doubt very good patriots for their time . They were' chosen men'to war againBt kingly deB otism and prieatly tyranny ; but in these times ' we have other fish to fry . ' Washington ' ^ name shines in history ' s page , but principally becau-e bo was an exception to the long list of successful soldiers who hav 6 abused the

      power they acquired by arms . Considering the circumstances of bis time , he played his part wtfl in as-BistiDgin the establishment of that political system which sufficed to proteot the liberties of his countrymen , and which has pretty well served the same pnrpoae up to this time . But already America needs a greater than Washing ton ; a legislator to provide remedies for those social evils which are fast neu . trahaing the political institutions of the Commonwealth . Republicanism sufficed for Washington ' s time , but will not sefflje ranch longer . The sooisl causes which produce crime and misery in Paris and London are in full operation in Now York , producing there like effects . Ic ' needs na ghost coma from the grave' to enable any man who can think for himself , to predict that the day will come when , unless the social s . vstem of America is thoroughly retnrmed , blood will flow in New York as lately it fl > wed in Paris .

      ThelUpubLoof RoBEfpiERRK ( that is to say , the Republic which cx ' sted in the tinre of Robespierre , but not the Republic ho aimed at founding ) , was inevitable , for its time , but its reproduction would be an immeasurable calamity ; nevertheless , and in spite of Lamartinb ' s theory , it may be reproduced if his nonsense is acted on . The ' Republic inspired by Washington' could find neither work nor breid for the Btarving masses of Paris . The Republic of Basedf has never yet been . Babcuf never ruled , he but conspired with a few other men who , like himself , were in advance of their time . The Republic of Babojdp is in the future ! I have heard tell of a 'big of wind , ' a ' bushel of moonshine , ' and similar anti-sulBtantial matters ; but , for the distinction of being 'full of emptiness , ' this vain-glorious Lauariise ( regarding only his political character ) decidedly bears away the palm .

      ' The eirth hath bubbles as the waur has , And he is of them , ' G . JULIAN HARNEY September lib , 1848 .

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      PRESENT AND FUTURE STATE OF EUROPE . Part II . aJr I r - tate o ^ n'ope , the cause of its anarchy , disunion and confusion , and their remed y were explained in the first part . The cotweof these evils having been discovered : and the remedy m consequence , as previously stated , being obvious , plain , and easy of execution ; and all the materials for effecting

      rri £ } nlwi r \ tm Kaih . u ... 1 « . O the change being everywhere abundant : and it being the undoubted interest of all the parties that the change should be made in the shortest tune practicable , it is now necessary to meet the real difficulty to be overcome before the change can be accomplished . This difficulty is the change from the state of falsehood , and all the evils which it has produced in practice , to an entirely new system based on truth , and constructed in all its parts , and throughout its ramifications , in accordance with its fundamental principle .

      To effect ' this change in practice is a straight forward operation that men experienced in the establishment of large manufactories , in directing extensive agricultural arrangements , or in the command of combined armies , could readily be taught to comprehend . The difficulty is not to be feared in the practice , which will be beyond all comparison more easy to understand , and far more simple to execute and permanently to maintain in order and govern , than it is now to conduct and control the present most divided , unjust , and disorganised state of society ; the only difficulty is in the creation of a public opinion in favour . ' of the change .

      The public of Europe is not only ignorant of what this change will be , but it is strongly and most blindly prejudiced , by the ignorance and falsehood of the old system , against any full and fair investigation of the subject . This blindness to the almost illimitable good which may be now secured for Europe , alone prevents the immediate introduction of practical measures to well employ its population , and put it in a straight forward road to a beneficial prosperity that shall know no retrogressing , and gradually place every class in a much more desirable condition than any class is now or ever has been .

      But nature has decreed that half measures now are impracticable , that society must have falsehood in principle , and endless evils in attempting to maintain it in practice ; or it must now consent to have truth for its foundation , with a practice that shall gradually elevate all of the human race to become fullformed , superior , rational men and women , enjoying their natural rights as the first of

      terrestrial beings , directing the sciences of mechanismfand chemistry to create for them as many unfed and obedient , well taught slaves and servants , as they may wish or desire . AndJwhat is the real difficulty to be overcome to attain this new state of elevated existence ? Merely to overcome rank ignorance , by a plain and simple statement of facts which no one possessing reasonable claims to rationality will think of denying .

      These facts may be thus stated in successive order , that their consequences may be more easily perceived , and their ultimate resuits comprehended . 1 st . —No man made the general qualities which constitute humanity ; no man combined these in his own organisation . 2 nd . —No man can decide upon the age of the world , the great circle of religion , the country , or the class in which he shall be born , and these decide his language , religion , and habit * .

      3 rd . —No one can decide upon the character and condition of his parents , his playmates , his instructions , or the other circumstances by which he shall be surrounded through infancy , childhood , and youth . Arfd these circumstances combined , compel the individual to acquire the character which they create for him , until the period of life when the superficial observers of humanity say , the individual may then form his own feelings , thoughts , and

      conduct , by his own free will , when all his feelings , thoughts , and conduct are the unavoidable result of the physical , mental , moral , and practical powers , given to him without his knowledge or consent by all the previous circumstances which have acted in their formation , and for which no one possessing rational faculties could attribute to the individual having these powers , either merit or demerit , or suppose that they could be justly entitled to reward or punishment .

      As the individual has been so far the creature of the inferior , mixed , or comparatively superior circumstances , which , without his knowledge , have formed him to be what he is , to the period when the thoughtless have been taught to imagine that he had acquired power to will , feel , think , and act , let us for a moment consider whence his capacity to feel , think , and act , has arisen . Has it not proceeded direct from his original organisation , as given to him without his knowledge or consent by God or Nature , and by the inferior , mixed ,

      or better circumstances , in which he and his parents have been placed by society from his birth ? Then these , so far , have formed his character for him , and whether this foundation has been good or bad , Nature and society , and not the individual , ought to be accountable for it . If it has been made inferior or bad , the individual justly requires and deserves more sympathy , kindness , and attention by all around , to make amends for the errors of Nature—if Nature can err—and the removable errors of society , of which so far he has been the victim .

      5 th . —But facts demonstrate that , from this period of life also , the individual continues to be the creature of the inferior , mixed or better circumstances in whicli society shall place him , for he cannot escape out of the circumstances previously created by society . And , as these are , he is yet compelled to feel , think , and act , and thus is his character always formed for him , and by the combination of superior circumstances , with this knowledge of

      its power over individuals , society may always well form the character of every one , and surround them from birth with such a new combination of superior circumstances , now easily attainable , that all shall be made intelligent , with good and superior habits and manners , with kind dispositions , and a desire to promote , in all sincerity , the happiness of all others , and ^ thus to secure his / ulljhare of happiness to himself .

      6 th . —That wealth is created by industry , temperance , ' and order , and poverty by idleness , intemperance , and disorder . 7 th . —That the greatest of all absurdities-is the supposition that all men cannot be well employed , made to become industrious , temperate , orderly , and good members of society , and that it is easier to maintain and govern them in idleness , with bad habits and under inferior circumstances .

      8 th . —That it is now impossible for society longer to continue blind to its present insane condition , or to refrain from commencing the transition state for all Europe , for that which is necessary and best for any one division of it will be found to be necessary and the best for its entire population . And that which is now required to effect this change is , 1 st . A settled peace throughout Europe . 2 nd . An assurance that no one , without his free consent , shall be . disturbed or injured , in mind , body , or < estate , 3 rd . That

      new arrangements , based on the knowledge that the character of each is formed for him , shall be immediately commenced to employ all the unemployed throughout Europe . First , to create their own food and all other necessaries and comforts of life for themselves and afterwards to aid general purposes . Second , to distribute this new-created wealth justly for themselves and society . Third , to well form the character of these persons and their children to fit them to become members of a rational and a very superior state of society . Fourth , to train them not only to be well and

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      usefully educated but to govern themselves locally without expense or trouble to the general government . Fifth , to effect these arrangements , by the creation of superior circumstances for each of these objects , separately and combined , on the principle that man must ever be the creature of the inferior or superior circumstances in which society shall place him . Your space will not admit of more . I will pursue the subject in your next publication , merely adding that the transition state may be made easy for all parties . Robert Owen . London , September 7 th .

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      Mr Bttbne ' s route next week . —West Auckland , Monday , llth September ; Toddles near Byrr ' s Green , Tuesday 12 th ; Coxhoe , Wednesday 13 h Kelloe , Thursday 14 th ; CaBaop , Friday 15 th . O'Coskorvillb —The allottees intend holding a llarves !; Home ' pBrty on Monday evening next , Sep . llth ; the proceedings to commence at five o ' clock preoiaely . Several talented friends are expected to attend . Barbican .-The ( disposal of the gold seal preseated by Mr E . Brand , for tte purpose of raising a fund to prevent the violimB picking oakum , is unavoidably postponed to Monday , Oetobar 2 nd , when it will positively tske place at Cartwright ' s coffte horn , Redcro BB-street , at e ght in the evening . Towbb HAi ! LKis .--The numbers of the district committee will meet at the Globe and Friends , on Tuesday evening at eight 0 ' 0 ' ook . Those localities whose delegates did not attend the last treating are requested not to fail in their attendance , and brin statements of tho position their localities are in .

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      A Female Swindler . —About two years since , Selina Leslie , otherwise Gillard , otherwiee Villiers . was tried at the Bristol session * for having fraudulently obtained a piano from Mr Cochrane , which she shortly afterwards sold at half price . She was then acquitted , and some time afterwards went to Gloucester , where the same person , whose real name is Villiere , has just bees brought by the police , before the city magistrates , charged with having obtained several articles of wearing apparel , under false pretences , from Mrs Margctson , staymaker , of Southgate-street , A great degree of interest appearei to ba manifested by a large number of tradesmen , to hear the examination , many of them having been the dupea of tbe prisoner to a eroatcr or lees extent . Tl

      appeared that about a month since the prisoner went to the residence ot Miss Mogey , whs keeps the National School at Berkeley , and represented that she was in distress , but that she hoped in a fen days to obtain a situation as a turnkey in the county gaol at G ! onoester . Miss Mosey , who had been with the family of the prisoner far several years , immediately allowed her to reside at her home , and she remained there until Saturday week last , when she went out on an errand for her hostess , taking with her a little girl who lived with that lady . laBtead of returning ho-yever , she went to the railway station , and asked Mrlvey , the clerk , for a return tioket to Gloucester

      , saying that Mias Mogey would pay for it . Mr Ivey , happening to be well acquainted with Miss Mo-ey , gave the prisoner the ticket , and sbeleft in the n ? xt train , after havine aent the little girl bick again to Berkeley . Miss Mogey ' a suspicions were aroused on hearing of this , and on examining her drawers , she found that nine or ten artioles of wearing apparel were missing . In the train the prisoner contrived to scrape up an acquaintance with a penon who , on arriving in Gloucester , aooompankd her to Dawes ' d coffee-house , and requested Mr Dawes to whom he was known , to pay the greatest " attention to the lad y . On tho afternoon of the Sundav fnl .

      h / ' ? " « WHham . an acquaintance of Mr Dawee , called at the house , and Mr Dawes , seeing that the wT ? £ eMed > y > kind'y introduced Mr * Witnamto her . andthey walked out together . In w . o ? r Ur 8 e u - the afternooi » 'he prisoner represented Mrffe , ° g » b ^ to bo married , and requested f ™ Lo ¦ T J advice - a 910 the ohoic 9 of tradeamen , tw ? i 5 f e ' . eterai ' t ' nto reBidein Gloucester 'luS £ S 5 Vr i battheBh . of Mr Foxwe 1 was recommended for dwsse ? , and the next dav the Z ° wMl edup r , r el 1 in « "w » S dreun ^ - ' j , 8 de choice of an assortment ol faKhiS " 1 owedb y an order to Mr Strat-SmmWr ^ ' f Watta » "hing iron-SnI ' . . » dkin - Pp'fiMor , and several other mm tLZ L ™ \™ Ordera t 0 the extenfc tf S « t , T th ( m . 9 aDd P ° unds were 8 iven t «> t ^ Senh , Hf ™ enin . ^ « er . A house was taten by the prisoner in the Spa . to which the thin ™

      2 e ! n f f ?* u * e Pri 8 Oner «¦ » o hav ^ e posseMion on Saturday ; but , as a depoaitof £ 40 was S ' » n . Jn « money not being forthcoming , 8 he Sn K f kf ? - - She "tow * to a gentleman ^ nnniih' ^ ? ^ written to . no such peraon could be found ; and this , coupled withother oircum stances , led to her apprehension . A pair of gloves was found id her pojsession which Mr Foxwell alleget were 1 stolen from his shop ; and also a quantity of Sw ° l NwwBomelight on her hirtory , and show that she is related to some highly respectable families jn that neighborhood . Aa the fe ' ony « t Berkeley was the clearest against her , she waa « -u ^ I . the oount magistrates , and by them committed to the aeBaions . '

      A water-spout was seen at Woodbridge , on Thursday week , passing from a long cloud along the surface of the land towards Hollesley and Bawdsey . It expended itself in the river , near Mr Pretyman ' s , Kamsholt , carrying away part of an embankment . The fall of large pieces of ice and water at Bawdsey was prodigious .- —JSi < rw Post .

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      THE SPIRIT OF CHARITY . Long experience with the" thoughts and habits of all sects , parties , and clashes , has convinced me that the great defect of society is a want of charity for the different characters which different circumstances force upon all and which defect proceeds from ignorance of the cause which can alone produce real charity and bring it into daily practice . Until this can be done anarchy , competition , disunion , and violence will , continue

      throughout Europe and the world ; it becomes , therefore , the interest of all that the spirit of charity should be made to prevail , and become general in every class , from the highest to the lowest . This first of all virtues has never yet existed among any class , sect , or party , at any time , in any country ; ' t does not exist at this day in any nation , or among any people . How , then , is it to be introduced ? and whence the cause that this universally-recommended virtue has not been previously attained ?

      It is because all society has been based on a falsehood directly destructive of charity , and of all the highest and finest qualities of humanity ; and false religions , and absurd superstitions , opposed to all real charity , have been substituted for that virtue , without which all other pretensions to goodness are but as sounding brass or tinkling cymbals . Witness the present opposition of the various sects of superstitions to each other , and solely because they know not what real charity isy or the only cause which can produce it . But this virtue can never be acquired , while the very germs of it are destroyed by the fundamental falsehood on which the educated character of all is based—a falsehood made to pervade all their feelings , thoughts , and conduct ?

      The necessary effect of this falsehood is to pervert and misdirect all the qualities of huinanity . The baneful influence of this false direction of good natural qualities is now experienced throughout Europe ; but mere especially among the three opposing sects of religion in Ireland . To relieve all nations and people from the dire effects of this fatal falsehood , the truth must be faithfully declared without mystery , mixture of error , or fear of man or disunion andVant of charity | will , as heretofore , continue to paralyse every effort to make men

      charitable and kind to each other , The truth then is , that the poverty , disunion , ignorance , and crime in Ireland , arise from the want of charity between the three sects of religion which have so long contended against each other for mastery and power , and the mammon of power . These insane contentions ; are brought more into collision in Ireland than elsewhere , and the evils which they produce are more violent and prominent ; but the same want of charity , and the same created opposition of feelings , and the same insane conduct , are everywhere more or lets evident according

      to local circumstances , between all the opposing sects of religion this day , as they have been through past ages . The only possible way to terminate these insane feelings , and their consequent conduct , is , not by finding fault with , or punishing the victims , whether Jew or Gentile , Mahommedan , Hindoo , Chinese , or Catholic , Episcopalian , or Dissenter , but by openly and honestly acknowledging the direful falsehood , from which these fearfully-opposing and ever-contending errors emanate , and are rnsde universal . If , then , the want of charity produces disunion , hatred

      ann crime , with their consequent misery—and charity would create union , kindness , goodness , and their consequent happiness ; it may now be asked , why has it been so long withheld from the knowledge and practice of the human race ? One true reply only can be made to this all-important question , which is , that man is born more ignorant , helpless , and powerless than all other animals ; and his facujty of imagination has been the blind pioneer of his other mental powers . Through this faculty he has been led to believe that , in opposition to every known fac * , he makes himself individually to be what he is , although he knows not how one human faculty is made , or the

      compound of his character is created . The supposition that he forms himself to be what he is , and can , by a supposed free-will of his own creation , make himself , at his pleasure , wise or foolish , good or bad , is the cause , and the only cause , of a want of charity among the human race ; and also of all the virtues of humanity which emanate from charity . The present ignorance of all nations , respecting the true formation of the character of all individuals , is not only the cause of the want of char ity over the world , but it is also the cause of the inferior , inconsistent , vicious , and insane character which has been foiced upon all , from their birth .

      This false principle , and ignorance of the true formation of character , is also the sole cause of angev , hatred , jealousy ,, revenge , illwill , and all their direful consequences . If then Ireland , France , Italy , Germany , and the other nations of the world , are to be relieved from present and future anarchy and irrationality , such change can only be effected by abandoning the supposition that men form themselves by their own created will .

      Were men competent to create their own qualities , and make themselves good or badinferior or superior ; if they did not make themselves beautiful in person and perfect in mind , they would be yet more insane than their present ignorance has compelled them to become . Let the British Government , and the Governments on the continent of Europe , now openly and immediately abandon this fatal absurdity , and put themselves in the way of acquiring a knowledge of the science of well forming the human character , and Europe will rapidly become a terrestrial paradise , and i \ s inhabitants wise , rational , and happy , to enjoy it through a long life .

      This change in principle and practice , from a false and misery-producing system to another based on the knowledge that man cannot form himself , may be now easily and gradually introduced into practice , not onl y without injury to any , but in peace , with order , and with great permanent benefit to all ; but until thespiritjof charity can be introduced , no permanent success can be anticipated . Kobert Owen . London , Sept . 6 , 1848 .

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      September 9 , 1848 . — - — ^ - ^ — - ^^ - ^ g - **~* _ .. „ THE NORTHERN STAR . ; \ = ™™ " - " ,- ^___ . i . TTITr ^ - !¦ ' ¦ ¦* *

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Sept. 9, 1848, page 5, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1487/page/5/