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Northern Star (1837-1852), 29th July 1848, Edition 1 of 4, Page unpag, Untitled Article

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      Untitled Article

      TO THE PEOPLE . The wind that shakos the trembiin ? leaf , Givts health and vigour to the stem ; The reign of tyrants mast hi brief , Ana right tho' crushed , shall come again . The thunder cloud , with darkened look , Hay hang suspended for a time ; The lightning ' s flith , who would not brook , And after meet the bright sunshine . So freedom ' s onward course may seem To wear the low ' riug aspect dim , Bnt be prepar ' d tobelp the stresm , And on the tide So sink or swira .

      The glorioas day ghsll soon appear , "WTien liberty with magic spell , Shall shake tfee earth-mad ^ lords with fear , And strike the bloody tyrants' knell . ^? s toiling myriads , know your pow ' r ! Arise from 'neatb the oppressors' heel ; Assert your birthright firoai this hsur , Asd labour for the common weal . The spirit of the time 3 with might , Calls oa unceasing for each slave , To strike with energy for right , And win the laurels of the bra ^ e . K .. W . M .

      Untitled Article

      HUZZA FOR THE RULE OP THE WHIGS ! Air— 'Old Rotin the Beau . ' As matters now stand in this ill-fated realm , When old comrades will give us the slip , We ars strangely compelled to pnt men at the helm . To prevent them from 6 cnttling the ship . Only think , for s moment , if Basse ! were oat , Eovr wild fce'd be ranniog his rigs ! About popular ri ghts he would make inch a rOUW ' Tis lucfey we ' re ruled by the WhigB . Tfce Chmch — can jou doubt wh » t her danger would fee

      " ^ ere the Tories at present in power ! Lord John , or bis frieBds , we shonld certaidy see Attacking her posts every hour . Bat as . ' ong as the Bishops may help oat his lease , He woa ' t injure » hair of their wigs , Say , hi even propoees their list to Increases' kazia for tha rnle of the Whi ge ! If Grey wero st Urge , how he'd lay down the law Oa the cnre 3 he lor Ireland bad found ; And swear that ha never would rest till he saw Her Establishment rsz'd to the ground . But Grey , while in office , rits mafSsd and xsutn , Like a small bird asleep in the twigs ; And Ward , in the Comaens , is rqtully damb So huzza , for the rule of the Whigs If 8 ny of as had mads war on Repeal

      With the weapons that Clarendon tries , What shrieks of indignant invective from ' shiel At the wrongs of Old Erin won ! d riss . By millions of noigy ililesiant back'd , From the peer to « &e pg 3 fant that digs How would Monaghaa murmur that juries were packMSo huzzi far the rule of the Whi gs 1 On AH as and Chartisti to hear them declaim , You'd think Castleroagh come from the dead , Tfconsh the mixture of metaphors isn ' t the eame , Ani the courage and coolness are fled . But the Wnigsare becoming respectable men As any that ever kept gigs , They are practising now all tkey preached against

      then—So huzza far the rale sf the Whi gs ! Go on , my good lafls—never think of retreat , Though anney'd by a f quib or a squirt ; You ' re fa . 'fiJling tbe fate such impostors should me 6 t , Aad eating your bushel of dirt . Then swallow it fast , for your hoar may sot last , We shall soon , If it pleases the pige , Gire your places to men of & different Cist , And get rid of the rule of the Whigs ! — BlacliBjOd ' t Mogzzint .

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      ANALOGIES AND CONTRASTS ; OR COM . PARAriVE SKETCHES OF FRANCE AND ENGLAND . By the author of ' Revelations of Russia . ' London : T . C . Newby , 72 , Mortimerstreet , Cavendish-square . We feel great pleasure in welcoming a ne * work from the author of the ' Revelations of Russia . ' His sound principles , cosmopolitan sympathies , and , above all , his earnest regard for truth , make him a safe guide , a trusty adviser , and ' beat possible instructor . '

      This book , which a ^ est In every page predicts the Revolution of February last , was , as we lenovu , in course of preparation many months before that catastrophe . It is trae it needed ' bo ghost come { ram the grave , ' or other extraordinary power , supernatural or Datura ^ , to predict that Louis Philippe ' s system of corruption , craft , and lies , must , soise day or other , perish of its own rottennes ? . Still had this work been published , ss it was in the pres ? , before the revolution sf Febrnary , ifc would hare been considered 3 rem&Tkible production , and mu&t hive excited & degree of interest scarcely inferior to that excited by the author ' s Revelations of Russia . ' As itis . this work possesses no slight value , showing as it doe 3 , what was the damnable system of government established by Louis Philippe , and what w the condition of the great maES of the French people .

      As the title betokers , a considerable portion of this work 13 appropriated to showing the ressm . hlances or contrasts of England and France , in their political institutions , social condition , material and intellectual power , and national characteristics- The points of contrast are pretty generally understood : bnt it will astonish many of the English readers of this work to learn how very much their French neighbours resemble themselves , notwithstanding * ps of contention and national Isome have asserted , natural , ] enmity . Another portion is devoted to personal sketches of Locis Psojpps , and the celebrities of France , both' dynastio' and revolutionary . The foreign policy of Franca ( under Louia Philippe ) occupies same chapters , snd includes certain

      striking revelations of the Spanish marriages . One object of the author , predominant throughout this work , is the proeotlon of fraternal relations between Franca acd England , is the great pledge for the advancement of all nations ; an object which must command the good wiEhes of all true friends to progress . A theory gomewhatnovel , bnt to onr thinking perfectly sannd , i 3 broached by our author , to the effect that the social comfort and happiness of the people depends everywhere upon their political freedem ; tii&t men cansume mote varied and better food , live longer , and enjoy in a higher degree the advantages of civilisation , in proportion to tkeir command over the government . It has been gaid , that the vices or virtues of a state are ths effaeti of its legislation ; to the same cause qnr author traces the miserable er comfortable condition of tha mas 3 of the people , in the ssver&l states of EuroDe and America . We po * t-

      ? one the authors' Iatradnction , ' written since the ReTolnticn of February ; we shall revert to it when we have done with tfee bulk of ths work . He i » well acquainted with the French people , having , both as 6 n equestrian and pedestrian , travelled through and leenthe greater part of France . He made one jonrney , tbe length of five hundred miles , on foot , lie ha ? been a traveller by the diligence and other modes of conveyance , and has mads not less than twenty distinct visits to that country . He has kept company with the aristocrat , the banrgeoig , the arti-Ein , tae peasant , tne soldier , the irauggler , and ths chamois hunter . He hts been favoured with the friendship or acquaintance cf the Orleanist . the Legitimist , the Republican , the bigot , the infidel , the speculator , and the Communist . He has b . 3 en present at marriages , christenings , and burials ; he has seen all classes liTe # and maDy Frenchmen die .

      Two na ion 3 , sajs oar author , play in our own times * greater part in tfae old world than the Greeks or Romans in the world of antiquity . Page upon page follows in proof of this assertion . We quote the followiEg : —

      KODEER rKOGBEGS . Tram censtitationsl forms of government , from the code Kapokoa , free trade , and anti-slavery agitation" &oa tie eiteasiea of tbe preE « , the establishment of - 'baakfWrom thelnTention of tbe rail , tbe iteam-boat , ( the cotton . m'l ^ tnd ihs electric telegraph down to the V" 4 agnerro : yp » , aad the painless operation—nineteen' twentseAs of tteie discoTerttB au 4 insttatious Tfhloh ' cjnsti'uta the sum of aetu&l civilisation , are due to the j Anglo-Saxons or the Preach . ¦ = France resembles Great Britain in the extent and : concentration of its population , and shares with Great Britain ( in a lesser degree ) the advantage of having -er frontier guarded by natnral ' defences . In the old world , France is only second to Great Britain in tbe extent of its commercial navy , of its foreign cammerce , of it& manufactures , in the quality of food casinmed by its population , &s ., &c . Oar author adds : —

      The French is the only extenilve race beBides the AagbBaron , which has ecbitvei reiponsible gsrern . EJent . The oa ^ rnsl mind ef ? rtuce , n evince ! in Iti liters .. tare— ' . hat neceisary reBalt either of its aptitude or of its cultivation , or of both—can alone compete with that Of Great Britain . Taken as a whole—sciealific , imaginative , acd learned—what literature ( setiieg aside the Ens ' uii ^ csn ba plactd before it , rrance , then fore , either in intellect or education , and In the antbor ' s belief In both , mustb 9 ranked with Great Britais , at the bead of all otter aations .

      EDCCATTOK . Though tbere really may exist a greater amount of otter i gnorance in France than is to bs found in certain lbsolnte BtatL 3 , the is still , in the aggregate possessioa of i hi gher erder of knowledge , far in tho sdrance of those Joaat riei , which in tfce general difineion of itg medi-• wity . may claim oTer her tee samt Eaperlorfty which

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      the Chinese might reasonably arrogate above themselvei , France is furthermore distinguished from all other continental states b y the Impartial administrates of the law , which—openly Marketable in tbe eaBt of Earope ( a notoriously liabla to influence in its etntral states , not excepting PniBsia , and despite the s « lf . lacdatory dictum of its eorereiga , In his speech at the opening of tbe Diet , PrancB , therefore , taken , as a state , and tfe » French people as acommnnltj , can only be likened to t * e » mpire and pesple of Great Britain , in the superiority of their position ( relative to the remainder of Europe ) in psint of wealth , power , and intelligence . raAKCE AMD ESOLA . VB C 3 MPJE 1 D . FraBce exceed * in . ms&t things aVl the great Eutopsan powers combineiJ ; but whsn tre cantrast France with flreat Britain , we find her as f jr behind Great Britain as she is in advance of other Contlneatal state ! .

      Thus France exceeds the thres powera In tbe extent o ( her trade . Great Britain iB her commerce doubles France . France doubles the three powers in the extent of her nary . Great Britain more than trebles France . In the extent of its middle class , Franca exceeds the Costiaent : Franee ha < 1 , 164 , 000 subjects etjoying an income ab « re £ -1 . Great Britain has more than two million ! and a qaaiter enjoying npwards of £ 40 . annually . la the quantity of food consumed by its pspulation , France averages double tbe quantity of wheat and double the quantity of rajar cotuamedbs tnei > 6 pul&iloa Of the absolutely governed states : in France 351 pounds of wheat , and 6 to 4 poundt of sugar are consumed per head . In the United Kingdom 335 pounds ( and taking oaly Great BritaiB , 446 pounds ptr head of wheat ) and 19 pounds of sugar , are consumed .

      During 1847 , £ 58000 . 000 have been raised in France . The revenue of Russia , Prussia and Austria , whose sub . jecta are still more severely taxed in proportion to their ability to pay , is coUectively £ 1 S . OOO , 0 ; 10 . The United K : Dgdoin levies only fifty millions of taree ; but p . s its income is computed at 550 millions , and that ct France at 320 railioas of poasds eterlitjg , it iB obvious that Great Britain could without greater pressure raise double the present revenue of France . [ It should hevo been stated , however , tbat many subjects of local or apecial taxation in England are ia France discharged by the Government : were everything brought to a compa . ratire aceount . it would be found , we think , thatEagland pays the nsest . *]

      It is also worthy remark , that in Russia more than a third ef the whole revenue is derived from the brand ; farms ; ivfcicb , when the low price at which it is sold , the profits of the brandy farmers , and ths produce of illicit distillation are tsk n into account , suppose the consumption of a prodigieus quantity of ardent epiritt . If we turn next to Prussia , attempted to be Imposed on us as a specimen of model admleistratioo , we find twenty-four pints of distilled Ifquoc the share of each individual ; whilst in Ireland , the land of whiskey , the

      average —nine before Father Mattbew ' e reign—is since only about seTea ; and in the United Kingdom , including london with itg gin palaces , something under six and a h » lf . If we draw a lino through Europe , separatee the Western and cenititutioaalfrom the absolutely governed states of the C .-ntreand of the Bast , we snail find that our British exports to Holland , Belgium , Spain , Portugal , and France , notwithstanding the Illiberal tariff * of France and Spain , average threo shillings for each Indirldual , whilst for Central and Eastern Europe only one shilling and eightpeace .

      To the Russian empire oar exports are eightpence and . a fraction for each inhabitant . Tha diacinctionB of individual character between the Englishman and the Frenchman though considerable , are yet less than divide the English from all other continentals .

      TBS TBERCH AKB EK 6 LISE PEOPLE . Fire and water—light and darkness—black and white —have so leng been held at lesi antithetical ttaa French and English character , that we are apt to allow these profound analogies to escape U 3 , whilst tempted to assign an usdue weight to trivial contradictions . Kany foreigner * , it is true , are less unlike us in externals , but on matare investigation nose will be fennd mare to re . sembla u § in essentials than the French , The Dutchman ' g phlegm , the German ' s meditativeness , the Spaniard ' s gravity , the Turk ' s Bedatene 68 , appears at first sight more consonant with British earnestness than the vivacitus levity of the Frenchmen .

      Yet i » this frivolity of form exponent of more- real frivolity ! Far from it . In the terious energy of his pursuits , and in their practical aaa expreEBlve character , the Frenchman alone bears any likeness to the Briton . The German ' s tendency to barren speculation , the Spaniard ' s stolid conceit , the Turk ' s barbaric pride , tbe Duchman ' * contractive egati § m , are more fitted to denote a want of maturity in the national mind , aHd indicative of Ies 3 real gravity than the clamorouB vivacity exhibits with which the ? ren » h purBUe important objects . The Spaniard and tbe iloslemln solemnly trifle away existence over the cigarette- or chibonqp

      The German muses away its most Intellectual portion ia gr&tifslng asensatton by the cultivation of harmony , or in weaving an entangled web of words in a pedantic at . tempt to generalise and classify . The more practical Hollander—covetous of his riches and jealouB of hh liberties , bat regarding wealtb as an end and only comprehending freedom in its personal application—restrict * his activity within the most selfish limits . But can it be said—if we judge by remits , the truest of all teststhat the grave demeanour of any of these nations eBsentiallyas much assimilates to the energetic seriousness of thepopalation of these Islands , even ai the volatile enthusiasm and noisy earnestness of the French t

      The f rsnch aai English people , though In nothing more distinct thaa ia their religions , are still both alike , inacceiiible to plsaiibllity in religion . All tbe graces of a Erudener , and all the genius of a Mttrfelavitcb , would not in this direction be more effective than ths vulgar energy of an illiterate , or the vehemence of an insane impostor ; because the national lucidity of intellect discerns at osce that co efiart of reason can ever rolve , or render through any conceivable hypothesis less asteundieg , —the airfu ! myetery of first causes . Hence the resolute rejection of that which never can be proven from intermixture trlih facts cf which the demonstration l ies within haman compass , by both people , and the coincident liability of the few amongst the Anglo-Saxon race to accept religious theories the most extravagant .

      Our author maintains that the chiralroHS spirit more extensively pervades the French and English than other people , excepting , perhaps , the Swedish and Norwegiana ; this spirit—one of the most powerfal lsvers which ever moved humanity—ia inherited in Franca and England , no less by the lowly than by the exalted .

      CBlYmY OP IHK PSEHCBH 1 K . Howtver rude , vicious and feru tal ' ised that' proletalre ' may seem , wkoie vindictive envy of all above him is stamped in the habitual expression of kis countenance , he is itill capable , If you appeal to his honour , of tha utmost magnanimity . In tfee very midst of riot and < xciteaaent , whsn compensating himself—armed , triumphant snd ia rag * , — by a day of anarchy for veare of undoubted , misery and 6 uppoBed oppres . lion , not one bat a hundted instances are on record of his generosity to a fallen foa and his abstinence from tempting appropriation . That soldier whose tempersment tfce strife heats into blood . thlritlne « s , in whom tbe traditions of French armies inspire the thirst for plunder , an * whose natural Impetuosity nnSts him for prolonged

      endurance or exertion , is yet seen mereifal in tbe battle and on tha breach , strictly honest in his charge , and pstient when suffering privation and fatigue . But with both the soldier and the artisan these qualities are elicited by an appeal to his chivalric or patriotic feeliog . Three times out of five your life and property is safe if you have the pmesce of mind to place it under tbe safeguard of his feon ^ ur . When meditating violence or spoliation address him in hit charscter of Frenchman and the chacctB are that he will forego his purpose to act as ha concelves a Frenchman ought to act . Amidst the weariness and hunger of the march , in the winter ' s snow or the dmitf a Baaa , the invocation of henour , ef p&ttlotitm and glory , arreits his nmrmur * snd supplies tbe place of

      uarmth , shade , water , bread and sinew . Tke very expression of the drunken operative or soldier , -when reeling in the kenael he strikes hl » breast and hiccups out ' Jc tub F T . rr . rancaii ? is but the grotctque expression of a characteristic which universally pervades and ele . vates bii people . Even in the prison and the bagnio , amongst those whose hand is egaiast eeclety , and whom society has stricken , crime and its consequent dlsgrace have rarely wholly smothered the feeling which redeems this degradation . The convict boasts of his nationality , he shows a roagb good faith to fcls eoairade * . and thoug h he is insensible to the mark of tbe hot-iron which brands him with bis thame , he fetis and resents as an indignity the accusation of being a ' moucbard ' or epy upon bis fellowf .

      A VENBEAN STOBT . ' It was three days after the destruction of tbe Chateau de la Peniisiire , ' said the informant of the writer , ' that after being eighteen hours on foot , I crept into tbe oven of a metsirie ( farm house ) in which tbe farmer ' s wife concealed me , as a picket of gendarmerie and » detachment of the line were in the e rfjioent village . Whilst I was atleep two soldiers came down to the farm house , and it so happened that the farmer ' ^ sister seeking a dry faggot from the oven , and not feeing aware that I was in it , screamed to loud oa perceiving me as to attract their attention . Before I knew where I was I felt myself dragged out by the legs , disarmed and bound . There were but two women and a boy upon the farm , find my case seemed hopeless bs the soldiers drove me before them with fired feajonets towards the village . '

      ' Brigand ! ' eaid one a corporal— not so fast ; if you sttempt to swerve right or left , I'll lend a charge of lead thtongh you . ' ' Blane lee , ( greenhorn )'! replied , ' I am no more a brigani tbaB yourself . I was a soldier and I saw blood drawn before yon ever handled a musket . You would not botb tesethtr have mastered me now , If it had not b » EB . for that woman ' s treachery , —far bo at that momtnt I believed . ' , Too are a braggart , ' replied the corporal , and I ht ve a great miHd if you rspeat jour words to put a sword into your hand , and take you over ngatu or run you through the body . 'Try ' said I . 'No sooner said than done . Taking his companion ' s sword , he warned him to shoot mo

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      throu gh the head if I attempted to e » oape , and tben handing it te me he drew his own and loosed the well rope with which he had bound my arms . You know , sir , that < n the royal gu » rd I had learned tho use of the steel . We did not fight long I promise jou , " Once , twice , thrice , and I ran him through the arm . The other levelled his musket , bat the wounded man called shame upon him—that It wa 8 aQ affair of honour . Then he shall fight me now . ' Pooh ! ' Buid the corperal , ' he would spit you like a quail , let him give back yeur sword and be off with him . One half hoar he shall have , and then we'll hunt him to the death . ' 'Son voyage , my frieBdB , ' said T ' and ten minutes after I was safe in the tall broom . ' Our author gives some amusin ? illustrations of English chivalry , as illustrated by the deeds of cab men and other similar oharaefew , for which we must refer the render to the work itself .

      Commenting on the abominations of the passport system , our author tells a story of a traveller sent sixteen miles , on foot , in tha custody of a corporal ' s guard , because his eyebrows were not . as described in the passport-blue . Passing over the particulars of this story we select another equally good .

      PiSSt-OBTS . A spinster lady , applying for her pasport , and disposed to Da facetious , remarks alond to her companion that tbe functionary before them reminded her of the apothecary in Romeo and Juliet . This observation , if apt , is in this respect inopportune that it Is perfectly undemtood by the employe who not only has studied the English language , but being a zealous partizan of tbe romantic ( as distinguished from tbeclBPSlc ) drama , U deeply read in Shakespeare , and ftels in no wise flattered by the comparisen the fair stranger has instituted , But tho means of retribution are in Ms hands , in the shape of a pen and a printed form , which , after polite inquiries as to tbe lady's name , age , destination , &c , he proceeds to fi'l up unil he comes to the signalement or personnl description , often consideratel y left jn blank In s female ' s passport . Here , in characters aa dark as Ouyot ' s tncre de la pelifc verftt could mtke them , he inscribes his revenge .

      To tbe horror of the lad y who bad been 60 satirical on the outraged employe , ahe found when the document was banded to her , that he had thus depicted her . Hair , false ; forehead , low ; eyebrows , dyed ; eye » , small , greenish ; nose , flat Inez epate ) and complexion tanned ( ttint basane ) . Her age , which had been set down as sho had given it , at thirty-five years , was accompanied by the remark ' looks fifty-three . ' And weree thaa all , this libel which the victim was bound herself to exhibit throughout France—like all libels ( at least according to the view taken by the British law ef these matters ) w » s heightened ia malignity by the fact that ita truth was undeniable ,

      Oar author maintains , that though modern Ganl scarcely deserves the title of' Belle . France' it iB still the fineat eountry of the European cOBtinent . In the conaitieu of its people a striking inequality exists betwon its town and rural population . The real French people—the people which thinks , feels , and acts , is confined to the oities . In the fol owing extract we are made tocomprehend why universal suffrage has resulted in the election of tie present rascally Assembly . It must be borne in mind that the following passages were written some months before the late revolution . Mr Smythe , in his historic sketches , gives a characteristic dialogue between an ultra-liberal deputy and an Eng . lisa Radical , in which the former Ib utterly astounded to hear hiB English host advocating nniveraal suffrage , vote by ballot , aad liberty of instruction , which in France , the most thorough . going partisans of the old Bourbon monarchy wonld ao eagerly accept .

      Ib point of fact , the legitimists , who Sn the columns of the Gazette de Fkance and the Qbotidienne ( before tbe fusion of tbe royalist organs ) called with apparent inconsistency for measures seemingly so Hb-raJ—and the liberals of all shades of opinion repudiating them acted on an identical conviction , that of the ignorance and onfitneas of tbe majority to preierve even the liberties it bad acquired . Universal suffrage , it is believed by the intelligent ot all parties , would even now in France rapidly conduce to tha restoration of absolutism and of church-domination . The poor and ignorant cultivator furnished with a vo ! e waald resign tt through bigotry or indiflt rence directly ,

      or by the intermedium of his wife , iBto the hands of the curate , government functionary , mayor , or of the wealthiest man in his village . For one vote gained to tho liberal cause in the town ? , three might be lost in the country ; aad when it is considered tbat the two succes . five eOHOtlluUonal gavernmtnts which Prance ban had , have found means { by the application to its forms of that sjctem of centralisation bequeathed to them by the Empire , ) not only to arrest in a great measure the progress of ivfOMn , bufc olken to encroach upon its conquests ; it may be judged in how far the national Hberties would be at the mercy of the crown when armed with such an accession of its strength .

      According to our author , the natives of Britanny are renowned for their stupidity . A sergeant of the French Army thus desoribes them . — 1 Wb . es these Bretons arrive as conscripts the fif « t thing done is tnhi » . » *» .- « - -Whes , cut close their hair , fln < i « o « iv them for whole hours in 6 ^^ juu water , - ¦ :. ¦; some weeks we succeed in teaching them to distinguish the right leg from the left , and by dint of care , we develope their intelligence at lesgth to the level of that of an average trooper ' s horse , yet with time , sir , those very men make the best , steadiest , and 6 tanoheat men in tbe whole army , excepting the inhabitants of the Ardeche , ' This review will be continued in the Siar of Saturday next .

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      Sketches qf Her Majesty ' s Household . London : W . Strange , 21 , Paternoster-row . This elegant li'tle book contain full particulars of the offices which constitute the royal establishment , the salaries attached to the various appointments , the amount of pensions upon retirement , nr superannuation , &c , &a . Professedly this book forms , and . indeed , is— ' A Guide to Situations in the Sovereign's Domestic Establishment ; ' but is also something more—a guide to the people in theireeareh after the truth respecting the fripperies and follies of monarchy , and the coat of those trappings to the community . Monarchy is no doubt a very wise and excellent institution . If any one doubts tha ' wisdom' or the ' excellence , ' history will dispel those

      dnubta- From the time of Nimrod to Sagi > ( appointed King of the Jews under rather peculiar circumstaneea , —vide I Samoel . chaps , viii-, ix ., x ., ) from the time ef Satjl to Herod , from tha time of Tiberius to the bastard Noeman William , and from his time to that of the baBtard-begetter , ' Fum the Fourth , ' all history proclaims the wisdom and tbe virtue of kings . The humanity , chastity , sagacity , and moderation of kings all men acknowledge j and the happiness of the cations over wbich they have ruled , never knowing want , war or Blavery , sufficiently testifies to the ' wisdom' of those remote ' ancestors ' who first abdicated their own sovereignty to make way for the majesty of kings ! Still , with all our admirstion for royalty , and our special veneration for

      the Queen of these realms , it strikes us that monarchy would lose nothing of veritable majesty , and our veneration wonld not be at all weakened , if instead of neBrly . £ 400 , 000 being yearly expended upon the sovereign ; a decent allowance—say something like the Amerioan President ' s salary—were voted annually by the Parliament , and what is now lavished upon the drones of the court employed ib raising the people from Equalid misery , to comfortable , well-re quited labour . We cannot see that ' Bedchamber Women . '' Lords in Waiting , ' ' Gentlemen of the Privy Chamber , ' 'Gentlemen Ushers of the Privy Chamber . ' ' GroomB of the Privy Chamber , ' King ' s

      of Arms and Heralds . ' ' Pages of the Back Stairs , ' The Gentlemen of the Wine Cellar , ' ' The Hereditary Grand Falconer , ' and some scores of similar officiate arenecesBaTy for the comfort or dignity otthe monarch , or at all calculated to strengthen that &ttachment to the monarchy which , un Joubtedly—we have the declaration of noble lords and M . P . ' s for it —throbs in the breast of every' free-born Briton V The coart jester has been long banished from the ? resenee of royalty , why should the Poet Laureate remain ? Or if Wordsworth is a necessary appendage , why should g # *»*****» be defrauded of his due ? A shocking bad Patlmnentary buffooD , might make a very respectable court

      fool I In this book , Jobs Butt may leaf n how the money goes . Take a few items : —The BaroDess Lebzen , £ 400 a year . Lady Wilde £ 1 , 000 « year . This lady is the wife of the merciful and impartial Lord Ch ^ ef Justice Wilde , who enjoys a salary of £ 8 0 U 0 yearly , and who is also enjoying the prayers of the wives and chiMren of certain victims of Wbiggery , at present located in Westminster Bridewell and elsewhere . Earl Sfbkceb , Lord Chamberlain , £ 2 , 000 yearly . Lord Edwabd George Fiizallan Howard , Vice Chamberlain . £ 924 yearly . We pass by the Mistress of the Robes , the Ladies of tbe Bedchamber , the Maids of Honour , the bed chamber Women , &c , < fcc . Eight Lores ia Waiting [ including a Lord Byron . ' ] £ 702 per annum each . Eight Grooms in Waitinp , consisting ol ¦ Baronets' and HonourableV (!) £ 33512 .. 6 d . per annum each . The Master of the Ceremonies j fiSOO perannom . Four Geatlemea tubers of the Privy boat of

      Chamber , each £ 200 yearly . Pausing over a Gentlemen Ushers . Daily Waiters , Groom of the Privy Chamber , Quarterly Waiters in Ordinary , and Grooms of the Great Chamber , we notice Eight SefEe&nte-&t-Arsis , vhose duties . at the time of their in titution by Richard I ., were to capture any tai ; to-a about the Court , and other great offenders , and to bold watch outside the King ' s tent , dressed in complete armour , and armed with a bow and arrows , a sword , and tte mace ef office We have no room to notice the Pages of the Back Stairs , the Pages ot the Pretence , the State Pages , Page of the Chambers , the Poet Laureate , &o . We may state that the Examiner of Piays , that ib , the Censor of the Stage who holds hh appointment m the gift . of the Lord Chamberlain , enjeys a salary of £ 400 per annum . The situation is , at present , held by Mr John Mit chbu . Kemblb . However poorly her Majesty ' a subieots may be attended to by the medical officers of Poor Lsw Unions , it will be gonwsatuifaetion to such

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      parties to learn that , in that respect , her Majesty ia pretty well attended to . The Rojal Medical Eata bliahment confliata of Two Physicians in Ordinary , n » e fajsiciana Extraordinary , two Physician-accoucheure , a Physioian ta the Household , two Sergeant burgeons , a Surgeon-accoucheur , a Surgeon to the Household , four Surgeona Extraordinary , two Apotfaecaries to the Peraon , three Apothecaries to the Household , two Apothecaries Extraordinary , two Surgeon Dentists , a Dentist to the Household , an Aunst , an Oculist , and vSurpeon-Chiropodiat ; besides two

      Apothecaries to her Majesty in the Isle of Wight ! We shall leave th ? Master of th « Tennia Court , the Keeper of the Swans , and her Majesty ' e Bands of Music , and come at once to the Lord Steward's Department . The present Lord Steward , Earl Fortescub , receives £ 2 , 000 per annum . Lore Arthur Marcus Hill . Treasurer of tho Household , £ 904 uer annum . The Comptroller of the Houaehud , £ 904 yearly . Colonel Bowles , Master of the Household , £ 1 . 158 per annum . There are a host of Clerks of the Kitchen ; the present Clerk Comptrol er , who was formerly a fojtman to Lord

      Uxdbidgb , receives £ 700 a-year . The number of cooks , and , as Jack would call them , ' cook ' a mates , ' almost defy enumeration . The Chief Cook receives £ ? 00 a-year . The Gentleman of the Wine and Beer Cellars ( saying nothing about Y . omen (!) and Groom (!) receives £ o 00 a-year . Leaving unnoticed a host oi subordinates , we come to the Master of the Horse Tae present 'Master' is the Duke of Nokfolk , who enjoys a salnry of £ 2 , 500 a-year . < The privilege oi having the use of a Coaohman , four Footmen , and half a-d ( zsn Grooms , belonging to the Sovereign , and paid for out of the Civil List , has always been enjoyed , and never waived by a Master of the Horse . ii

      TYen meuuKeof Montagu held the appointment , be rather exceeded the prescribed numbir . He had tour iootmen , whose salaries were £ 53 per annum each ; one Coachman at £ 65 ; one Stable-helper at A JO ; and eix Grooms , at £ 60 a year each - , 11 ms saving , Hi ^ SBS tO his servants , no less than bctivem £ 600 and ± 700 a-year . ' 'I he salary of Cliief Jbquerry afid Clerk-Marshal , is £ 1 , 000 a-year . The four Equerries in Ordinary receive £ 750 a-year each . Karl Ghakvillk , the Master of the Bupk Hounda , receives £ 1 700 a-year . The office of Hereditary Grand Falooner is filled by the Duke of St Aldan '* at a salary of £ 1 200 a-year ; ' but , as her Majesty possesses not a single hawk , the Duke ' a knowledge of falconry ha > never yet been called into requisition . We may , therefore , term the appointment a perfect sioecure . ' We must refer the reader to the work itself for

      information respecting the GentJemen-at-Arips , the Yeomen of the Queen ' s Guard , ifec . Prince Albert ia Governor and Constable of Windsor Castle . ' TneTe are no duties to be performed , am the office iB , consequently , » sinecure , withasalary of £ 1 , 120 a-year . ' Prince Aldbrt ia also BaDger of the Home Park at Windsor , with a salary of £ 600 a-year , and the privilege of turning out tograzsin the Park , a certain number of sheep and cattle , which is a source of eonmderable profit . His Royal Highness is also Ranger of the Great Park , with extensive and profitable privileges . It is generally known that tbe enra allowed to nor fe& A" 'T « 8 e (' P « Y ? Pune' ) is

      , £ 60 , 000 a year . The Keeper of Her Majesty ' s Privy Puree ( whose duties comprise little more than signing a few checks , oeoasionally , upon Messrs Coutta , her Majesty's bankers , ) is Mr Gbohob Ed . ward Anson , formerly private secretary to Prince Albebt ; he has a salary of £ 2 000 a year , with lodgings in Windsor Oaat ' e ; acd holds , in addition the situation of Treasurer to his Royal Highness Prince Albert ; Treasurer and Cofferer to the Prince of Wales ; and is also one of the youthful Prince ' s Council of the Duchy ef Cornwall . The Hoa . Mm ABson is one of the Bedchamber Women , a sinecure * office , with a salary of £ 300 a year . '

      _ It is only fair to state , that tho extravagant gala , nea we have ennserated , attached to offices which , in many instances , are perfect sinecures , strikingly contrast with the Bhabby salaries paid to the footmen , coachmen , and inferior serrantB' ef the Royal Household , who , einoa the present sovereign ascended the throne , bave been subjected to a system of cheese-paring , candle-scraping , pinch-guteconomy , which if not inspired by browBbread Joseph , musttaking into account tbe ' tottle of the whole '—have afforded great aatisfaction to that warm-hearted philanthropist , and gigantic reformer 1 Our readers will now nave an idea of the contents of this hook , but the book itself must be read fey all who wish to know how the money goes ; how it ia that the English people- pay * 385 , 000 yearly for the support of their Chief Magistrate , whilst the Americans only pay £ 6 , 000 a year for theirs ! "

      The monarchy is no doubt the most valuable of onr institutions , and her present Majesty tho begt possible aovereign ; still there are few who reading this work will hesicate to come to tho conclusion with Bubke , that' We have expensive formalitiQS— -solemn plausibilities—which tend rather *?> the disgrace than the ornament of the Sfuto c ,- < : ike Court . '

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      ¦ m thf . leHj ^ -M of . " . , ' v , - / , ¦ r . kti Able-bodied Poor . By G . Pou' < 5 ! . ' . fturopt- - * ' 5 " if R s ' ;> " <>< " > T D :. ' .. Mr $ ¦ : *>•'!• : professes to be sn advocate of the ' Ri ^ hu f 0 ! iudustry , ' but of 'hv . ie rights he has but - . _ . ¦ . ;••>>['• : ur-J \\ K ^ vicc : notions . His ' beat form of l-ii ' .-f i .- !; . ' . ; -1 ;( iiiieringof the preBect system , and Cijp . iemplates no method of abolishing pauperism . It is true he advocates the cultivation of waste lands , but only as a means of obtaining some return for the outlay in the shape of relief . He seems to have no idea oftranaforming wretched paupsrBinto independent yeomen ; yet , with the command of the poor

      rates , lOe would undertake that transformation . We agree with Mr Scrope aB to the folly of putting uneaployed nrn into uniforms , or setting them to work at the unproductive labour of which we have recently seen examples ia France , Prussia , and Ireland ; and we also agree with him , that it will be time eneugb to think of colonisation after wo have fully developed the resources of the national territory , but not before . But we respectfully submit to Mr Sorofb tbat he has not solved the problem of how to reconcile the rightB of industry with the claims of capital , the stability of government , and the order of society . Mr Sckopb must try again .

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      Signs of the Times , or the Signal Itoclcel ; dedicated to ' Lord John Russell By a Poor Shoemaker . Hammersmith : W . Tuck , Dorville ' a row . A Christian address , which we are afraid Lord Jons Rossell is not Christian enough to profit by ,

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      The English Patriot and Irish Repealer . No . I . Mancheater : J . Leach , 73 , Raohdale-road . This ia tho first number of a new weekly penny political paper , edited . as we understand , by ourold and staunch democratic friends , Gbo White , John West , and Jambs Leach , assisted by the well known Irish Repeale * i GkOi Archdeacon . Any publication edited by working men , and devoted to the interests of their order , always has our best wishes . It , however , too often happens that the conductors of such publications fall into one of two errors ; they either mistake coareeness and violence for strength , or fall into the still worae delusion of attempting by maudlin wordmongerinp to imitate the ' refinement' of the ' higher

      orders . ' We are happy to say that both these faults have been avoided in the publication before us , in ftbich strength of argument is combined with eloquence of language—not wanting a spice of witwhilst certainly there is no approach to that maudlin balderdash in which certain would-be ' respectable ' politicians are apt to indulge . The ' Opening Addrea 9 , ' and the articles on tbe 'Rights ol Labour , ' ' The Reign of Terror , ' ' The Myeteries of Government , ' ' Organisation , ' &o ., &o ., are worthy of the editors , and promise well for the future of this periodical- We wish ' The English Patriot and Irish Repealer every success . It ought to sell fifty thousand copies in Lancashire akne . More power to ye , boys !

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      WHIGS IN OFFICE AND OUT OF OFFICE . TO JOHN BULL . Sir , —It is I believe the general opinion of Conservatives , that in the present state of Ireland , it is fortunate the Whigs are in power ; because , had they been in opposition , they would most probably have acted as they did ia 1844 , when the trial of the late Daniel O'Connell was the subject of their violent declamation against Ministers . I happened yesterday to meet with the Times of 20 th Feb ., 1844 , in which there is a full report of the speech of Mr Macaulay on the state of Ireland , and a more mischievous one was never uttered in Parliament . It well deserves perusal , as it shows in what manner WhigB will sacrifice everything to p arty spirit ; and it is curious , in so far as many of his strongest censures are directed against measures which are imitated by a Whig Government .

      I shall conclude with a single quotation of a passage applied to O'Conuell ' s trial . Mr M . asks— ' Was it possible on this trial between religions ; wa 3 it possible in this trial between races , to have a fair trial by a Jury which it is admitted was exclusively Protestant ?' I am , Sir , your most obedient Bervant , C .

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      Royal Arsenal Woolwich . — Daily complaints are made by visitors , who wend their way from the great metropolis to Woolwich to visit the Royal Arsenah but which , owing to the order of the authorities of the Royal Artillery , is kept clO 3 ed against them . The Royal arsenal was closed during the late Chartist riots ostensibly to prevent any coup de main on the part of those agitators , and since tbat time has been kept closed . Hundreds of persons are daily refused admittance— -Sunday Paper in Lubin , Poland , 150 villages nave had all their growing crops destroyed by a recent huiricana . A great number of cattle and horses were also destroyed .

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      THE UNOPPOSED INCAPABLES . ( From the John Bull . ) nfa . 1011 ' ^ ^ becn dr ° Pped to the House f S 2 S M- ° ? MoniIl K laat ' informed that English MiniBtera oonUt not Eot on for want of a vigorous opposition , the gentleman in black would , in all probability , haveaaked if all the grumbling and complaints which he heard on all sides were bo manyevidenoesof approval and atippert . The moment Lord John Russell , on the day referred to acquainted hon . gentlemen with his , intentions for the short remainder of the session , ho certainly received

      opposition enough to make a government for life , if oppssition be ind ? ed essential to ministerial stability and atrength . The plain 1 ruth is , that your incompetent and slothful boy gets on neither with Hoggin " nor by gentle pattings on the head . Force haa no more effect upon him than upon the donkey ; pereuation not half so muoh . The sight of a carrot has beenknownto work wonders upon the bruta . No p rospect of provender , however extensive and tempting , has ever been known to pufc elasticity into the heels , or practical ability into the head , of a thoroughgoing Whig .

      There is a vague but a very amusing belief afloat , that it is imposnblo to do without the present government , because , if you upset it , there ara no set of men able to take tho vacant places . Before such & _ conviction takes permanent hold of the public mind , we should like to know if any dozen average clerks have been tried ; if the man who pulls the wires of the faatoccini has been applied to ; if the best patients of any lunatic asylum have had a fair chance of competition ? We undertake that the aon . member for Macolesfield shall furnish ne , at an hour ' s notice , with a Chancellor of the Exehequer , able , at least , to propose an increase of the Incometax to

      meet n fearful deficiency , and to withdraw hi 8 proposition immediately afterwards , upon the ground that no deficiency ex ; stB at all . We are oureelves prepared to make puppets which shall answer the string as enrctually as Lord Morpetb . replied to the demands made upon him from all quarters in the matter of the Sanitary Bill ; and we will back , at any odds , the sojoumerat Han well against the Minister , who . only a day or two ago , authorises the Custom House , without knowing it , to admit Dutch refined sugar at 24 a . 8 d . per owt . instead of at C 3 j ., and British West Indian Muscovado at 133 . per cwt ., inBteadofat 153 . 9 d . Will anybody take the bet ? Will her gracious Majesty suffer the experiment to

      be tried ? One thing ia very evident—at least to us , and it cannot fail in time to become clear enough to the public at large . If the affairs of the country can be satisfactorily managed by the present administration , then Mr Cobden and Mr Hume are not bo wrong after all when they complain of the heavy salaries of our nsraerous officials . Take the Chancellor of the Exchequer from Dawning street ; deposit him in Cornhill , and see if you can get a guinea a-week for him at aay respectable retail houae , supposing that he finds himself . ' Ia Lord Morpeth so knowing in his sanitary doings that any nightman would be disposed

      to take him on even at a gift ? It is rather hard to make the eountry pay so dearly for its luxuries . Men of great families and of high descent become frightfully expensive commodities , if we are to pay thorn six or seven thousand a-year only te laugh at them . There is not a man , be he of what party he may , in tbe House of Commons , who is not , at this moment , chuckling or sighing at the incapacity of our rulers . If incapacity in these piping times is all we need for carrying on the government , then , in tho name of free trade , get it at the lowest figure , buj it , as you do your corn and Bugar , ia the very cheapest market .

      That we shall do any better next session than we have done this , it is ridiculous to suppose . Ministers are not going to echoed in the interim , Sir Caarles Wood does not meditate a coupse of lessons on the rule of three direct ; Lord Grey and Mr HaweB have no intention of devoting themselves to moral philosophy and the science ot ethics , Lord Palmef 8 ton iB proverbially incorrigible , and the Preraier » of course , thinks he has nothing to learn . But what study apd what improvement could alter the cruel necessities of the case ? What instruction can avail a Bet of men playing at legislation , and proving afc every turn tbat they are not in earnest ? Had Lord . John Russell meant at the commencement of the sessfcfi to bring the Navigation Laws to the test , he had ample opportunity for his purpose . He withdraws

      tho consideration of this question at the last hour , not because there has been no time for diacuesion , but because be has a paiafu ! consciousness tbat & settlement of the business would in some sort be a settlement of the Ministry , including himself . To do anything that may weaken the divisions of the Conservative party—that may possibly tafre former friends and present foes back from antagonism to close alliance is to risk place and power , loved and ( Wished by the spirit of Wtljgeiy beyond all qualities , human or divine . The rule applies to ejej ; y ministerial movement . The question is not whSf will serve the country , not what is it right between mftnjHjdraan to do , bat what uSLVfiSmfiaf government and its miserable necessities to attempt to carry out .

      If the people of England arc satisfied with these most inefficient gentlemen , we have no right to complain , but , being taxpayers as well as our neighbours , it is undoubtedly competent for us to protest against a wanton waste of public money . If noodles answer the country ' s purpose , let us pay noodle price . It is monstrous to be told in the same breath that men are fit to govern tbe empire who are not qualified to keep a chandler's shop ; and that men not qualified to keep a chandler's shop , are to bo remunerated most munificently for their flagrant inability .

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      THE IRISH PEOPLE versus THE ENGLISH PRESS-GANG . In an article in the Atlas of Sunday last , on Ireland , there is quoted , from a publication entitled ' The Irish Movements ; or Hints to Patriots and Pikemen , ' the following extract , with the additional comment . Whether extract or comment exhibits the greatest atrooity we leave our readers to determine : — Does England imagine that an Integrity of the king , dom ia Decennary ! She can tffeot It , she should effect It , and she must offset it . H&b she the means to main , tain the union and suppress sedition ? Ay ; and abuadflnt ones , if eho only please to employ them . A ton or two of gunpowder and a coll of tope will do the Job . All required is to take tbe ball by the horn , No more

      temporising ; and whether tbe delinquent append to bis patronymlos an S . P ., wear a surplice , or nwBgger ; n a barrister ' s gown—whether be be a euckiBg traitor , or a matured remnant of ' 98—deal with him and them with etera impartiality . If a olerlcal example mast be made , halt not between the ' tho Hon of the fold of JudaV or tho holy man of StrokeBtowu , who complimented poor Major Mabon from ttao altar . If a briefless member of the bar , like Mr Doheney , one whote forensic existence wa 3 unknown to Justice Lefroy—should he still continue troublesome , send him to join Mr Mitchel in Bermuda . I < is marvellous how pleasant it is for old acquaintances to meet in a new country . If a patriotic rifle olebwlsh

      to try their hand ? , let them , in heaven s name , bave a ahy with a company of the line , or a troop of cavalry , Praotloal instruction ie worth a thousand theorist , Sboot half-a-hundred of the fools who stand , and bang balf-a-dozen ot tbe knaves—the leader * , of course—who will rnn away . Confidenoe will return ; landowners will come back ; elderly gentlemen and ladies slumber without the apparition of Meagher of the sword standing at tnelr bed-aides , with Old Bell-tbe > Cai ' a two-hanclea weapon , and giving a short aotlce for eternity to these unfortunate unionists ; trade in Ireland ( almost now a forlorn hspo ) may rovive a little , homicide Will decrease , and cursing Irom tbe altar ranot decline .

      There 13 , in faot , nothing else for ua . We have the army and the law—we have the musket and the rope . We bave tried long enough the Boothing system . It won't do . We may appeal to Irish reason . There is no such thing . We may appeal to Irish gratitude . There is no fluoh thing . There is nothing intelligible and there is nothing respectable to ba found in Irish . ' patriotism . ' It taeana a&tbAug but violence ; it feels nothing but fury . It baa no brain to reason with ; it haa no heart to touch . We may talkoi good sense and good feeling ; but if they ever existed in Ireland they are new utterly extinct , like 1 Erin ' s honour and Erin ' s pride , ' which have a poetioal leputation , but which , in reality , have long since been buried : unless it be honour to shoot men in the dark , and pride to receive all passible obligations from another and then forthwith to blackguard him without stint and without remorse .

      ( From the Examiner , ) The Times well describes the present posture of Young Ireland as' rebellion well in hand , ' rebellion on its haunches , rebellion gathered up and ready for a spring . Hamstring it . Disable it in its sinews . Cripple it for ever . The leaders are few—leave them leBs . Their purposes are avowed—the alternative ia the fiel d or the gaol ; and committed as they are , they must bo driven to the one unless the government mercifully hands them to the other .

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      1 We ci , tithe choicest . ' De potism . —The world is now old , an by tae lesaoas ot ' experienc ; . She has < clared , that despotism is the grand sour misfortune , the Pandora ' s box , out of ouraa has i « sued , and scarcely left hope b potiafii , in its extreme , is fata ! to humar and , in all its modifications , injurious , it ou ? ht therefore to b 8 suppressed on Blightesfc appearance . It should be the 1 every good man , aB far as his abilities to extirpate all arbitrary government fro It should bo swept from the earth , ov trai foot from China to Peru . But no powe of orushing the Hydra , less than the he ; of a whole people . —Knox .

      , Wealth of a State . —Tha true weal ! n in a numerous , free , hardy , high-mic and virtuous people , in eaay circumstaec an extreme inequality of property ; a pec means and leisure for mixing with , labot able reoreatioa ; and with private industi celebrates , exciting all the qualities t and adorn humanity , and that elevate th of a nation , Obigisauty — If we study great men w they were net so much distinguished by as by range or extent of thought . If we them tbat absolute originality which weaving , like the spider , their web from bowels , we shall not succeed ia obtain great man was original . Least of all does consist in un ' . ikeness to other men . A g

      a centre of things—seeing the wants of and sharing their drsires— adds also strei to come at their point . The greatest g « most ind e bted Mail—the greatest poet i unison with his time and country . The does not wake ap and a » y , I will square I ransack botany ami discover another food I have a new architecture in my mindsee a new organic power . No ! He is ft the genius of his contemporaries . He st all tho eyes of man look , and their hands the direction in which he should go . H materials ready to his hand—they hav hills and bridged the rivers for his road . women , have ail woiked for him , and he ' . into their lab-urs , Great genera ] power almost say , consists in not beieg original to the greatest extent receptive . —Emersc

      A SUMMER'S EVENING SHOW 1 bt j , c , pbince ; It was a summer ' s eventide . Soft , sweet , and silent , ( Tares and b And all the glorious landscape wide , The lowly thorn , the tree of pride , The grass blades marshall'd side b y si Wore , thicks than the fields of nigh Innumerable drops of light , Slied from a passing cloud and dun , That j iurtioy'd towards the sinking On the upper wind ' s impatient win And bluoh ' d as it drew near the prtE king . Tbat brilliant baptism and brief , Flung from the font of Bummer skli Came with a fresh and fill ! relief

      lo M the countitBs BbapeB ana dyi That eprasg from earth ' s prolific vt And drank tbe rich congenial rains For all the languid leaves and flow In Jangled brakes and culuired bon In level fieUs and hollow dells , By wood-side walks and mossy wells The fair and manj . folded roflo Reclising Id a prond repose , The limber bine and smbbern brier , Tho wallflower ' s mass of cloudy fire The clover fill'd * i : h honey dow—Things of familiar farm end hue-Sent such , a goat of Incenso up From bell and boss , from erown am A 9 seom'd to burden all ths air With nature ' a breath of client prayei Aad eent tbat joyous draught of rail In sublimated sweets back to the side

      A Word to ihb Rulbrb of Irbl / whole art of preventing a revolution , consii in rendering the people happy . A happy ] nev ^ r rebel , even if millions of authors en < excite them . I challenge any person to s Bjngle example in history , of a happy pet ling . —Kotzebue ' s ' Travels in Italy . ' Union , our oklt Resource . —Let the opj come as united and intelligent as their 1 are , and they will receive their redemptio erime or bloodshed ; but if they will be as to imagine that kings or individual rule ; cause of their Blavery , there is no salvation The real tyrants of all countries are those : live without work , and ° 2 fjo only r " emed onem ia to substitute for the present in others of a just and beneficent charact plaia that suctt institutions must emanate whole people .

      ViBIETIES CF COMPLEXION IN THE HDMAN Southern Africa presents us with many stri tration 3 of the fallacy of the theory of olimatt content oursolves with citing two of the mo able , viz . —thoae presented by the physical p of the Hottentot * and Bofjesmans . Theee have been considered aa one , but only by thos lieve in the great modifying power of circt They aro evidently distinct , Tfce Bosjeeman mies ; the Hottentots , where pure , tall and la sons rf intermediate stature are , of course , because two races so much alike in most rci Biding near eaoh other , mast necessarily have rled ia tho course of ages ; hut there is no ci reason why , except as diatiaot races , the one

      active , restless , coraparaiively brsro , and of seliom exceeding feur feet nine inches , wbila is tall , large , timid , and excessively sluggish , other respteto their organisation is similar , differ from all other portions of mankind in ths the hair , and in two remarkable peculiarities male structure . They ara in tho midst of rai differing from them : Negroes on the ono hand fres on the other—bo , h black , while the Hotte Bofjesmans are simply of a light yellowis How can these facts be accounted for except ences of race ! In central Africa , we find a f markable illustration , in tho caio of ths pij called Doko , lately made known to Europe by \ of Major Harris . This tfibe is living to the (

      of Abyssinia , about three degrees north of thi Tnoy do not esc « ed fenr feet in height , their c is a dark olive , their hair is not woelly , aad males reaches to the shonlders . They have thii ( lips , diminutive eyes , and flit noses ; the mei Beards , ond they go perfectly nnked . Their a pared , grow on their bands ana feet like eagli and are employed in digging for aats . The ; kings , no laws , no arts , nor RrmB ; possess neii nor herds , ore not hunters , do not cultivate th subsist entirely upon fruits , roots , mice , serpi tiles . antB , nnd houcy . ' All these things they for they are Igaorant of tho use of fire . Now these people so different from all other ractB Why are they not aa black as iho NegroeB ?

      they not woolly hair ? Why are they pigmies the * &eefl wound them are tall and strong ? not a mero collection of outcasts , reduced tb the sca le of humanity by disease or other acoi a numerous people of ono distinct type , perfect ! and 09 complete and consistent in the !* ran other race whatever . If they were onco othen circumstances can have reduced them thus low climate has no conceivable disadvantsge wh « W « a by & thousand other climates , yet tt alone ond distinct from all other races of men now return to tho continent of Asia . In Indli a very mixed population , and eolour varies gre from an European fairness to the jet black of t for this region has repeatedly been the theatre 0 invasions . There are the strongest reasoBS foi that most , at least , of its aboriginal races run black but of Caucasian forms , and indivldua

      tlnguished may still be met wUh , especla southern provinces . The fact tbat the nati BOUtti are generally the darkest , has betn a an evidence of tfco ( n \ cts of tomperatuio ; Do at tbe map will show tha t tbe northern provi have been infinitely moie exposed to the \ w the fair races than tho southern extremity population is , of couroe , for more mixed , alr « ady alluded to the Roblllas , an Afghan tri during tho long period of COO years ia one of t raglonsof India , and which , nevertheless , BtU their anoient peculiarities of fair hair and pletlon , simply because they take a prtee In within their own raoo . If this be matter of vain to talk of the effects of the climate . And what is 688 years when compared to the per , which the Moors have maintained their fair c In xftlaeu—fitftnotoateaWbunw ! ,

      Libbbtt i » Russia—It is not unusual fo neror to atop and address a person in the e theluokless individual has littlo to boasi flatterin g a distinction ; in a moment He is by one of the ubiquitous agents of the pi oharged with the offence of having addt Emperor . He is authoritatively required the substance of what he had Baid , and a co : of some days inevitably follows : wnich . thi tration of a bribe , or the extortion of some influenoe can alone terminate . This occ \ celebrated French actor who , having be <

      unable to perform some time in oonaequ accosted by the Emperor , who inquired health , and urged him . to resume his theat : tions as aopa as possible . The unfortu : was immediately arrested , and hid some getting liberated . The circumstance re ears of the Emperor , who , wishing to 1 some reparation , deBired to kpow in wm he could oblige him . ' In nothing , Sire , 1 comedian , but that your Majesty will ne ' scend to speak to me ia tho street ogam Rivsiicn , by E , P . Thompson ,

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      ? We have adopted this remark from a review in the C * ECT 4 I 0 B .

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      « It is marvellous , ' remarks the Medical Timbs , ' to what extent the maniao will remain in awaking state without any apparent injury . A man never B \ ept , and ^ et he enjoy ed good health , living till m& 73 rd year . Ha had a kind of dizing for abot » t a quarter of an hour once a day , which was all the slumber he was ever known to take . ' The Leigh Peeragb Case . —Barnett . the priE « flipal witness in the late charge of murder against Lord Leigb , at Warwick , died about fifteen miles from Manchester , on Sunday . The cause of death was inflammation , produced by drinking intoxicating An elderly woman has lost her life at Bradfield Sfc George , i » Suffolk , from the sting of a bee in her thumb . The medical witnesses at tho inquest were of opinion that the sting had caused death by producing such a shook on tie nervous system as to stop the action of the heart .

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      July 29 , 1848 . THE NORTHERN STAR .

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), July 29, 1848, page unpag, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1481/page/3/