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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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hKn hippy ta reeeiTe '" support of Mr McCarthy in the former C « nventien . He called on them to Scept Mr M'Carthv , and show their 'desira to fre-L eTniie with those men who were represented by Capkin O'Brien to day . fLond cheers ) Mr T . M . Whseljb suggested to Mr M'Caithy to withdraw , and get re-slected at ttie meeting abautto be held of the denfceas ef the city and FinBbury , on C lerkea ^ ell Green . Mr Ktod thought the speech of . Mr Jones impolitic , and that according to the instructions issued , f ( r M Carthy e election could not be sustained . Mr M'Cartht said , he would withdraw , and &c-^ E ? disglyleft , the hall ; bnt sev e ral membe ra wishing the question to be put , it was accordingly done , and Mr Glark ' a motion declared to be carried , by a majority of two . ffi OTU of Delegates relative to the Condition of their teveral Districts . itiiii hippy ta receive the supporfc of Mr M'Carthv
Mr Shaw ( Tower Hamlets ) said , the people were jD s most alarming condition . They traoed their distress to class legislation , and were prepared to Uke every and , any step calculated to remove it . and $ ey held tne » rmggovernment inthe most profound BE tempt-Mr Dixo 5 said , he had nothing to add to what he jud delivered on & former occasion , except that some pcetings had been held at Bory St Edmunds , where the Cb » rter was received most gloriously . The $ eT * ic b people , eifice the appesraBce of Mr O'Conjur tletttf . had expressed a desire to have the jUsemHj postponed MrVissoK s&id . bis constituents were not exactly jn a starving condition , and therefore oonld not be ^ ted ss nitrebelly Chartists , bnt he believed from rtg ' niodein'whichhe was elected , that they wonld gnppOrt this Assembly in its onward progress . The Assembly then adjourned to nine o ' clock on -Tuesday morning .
TUESDAY MORNING , Mat 2 nd . Mr W . Etaos took the chair at nine o ' clock . - \ Ir J West handed ia his credentials for Stock-« 0 Tt - J . Hargreave * , for Warrington , George Abbs , Lougten ; R . Mirfield , Keighley ; W . Inso !} , Dudley ; & Bentole , Kacdesfield ; _ J . Hoy , Salford ; H . Koden , BirmiEgham ; J . Shirren , and C . B . Henery , jLbardssai Mr AsiMi moved : — * That the names of members eVeat without leave , be published . ' " Mr M ' GaiE seconded the motion . jir J . Shaw objected . Mr Rinkes did not think the suggestion jnsfc &rocB ont by Mr Cocnrane , as to publiBhiHg the list Of prerent and absent member * , could be adopted . Mr WpT thought it child's p lay , that a consciousness of right enght to be sufficient .
Mr Stevsssos said , he did cofc conceive it child ' s p lsj-, as it was very annoying ta membera , to have ot hers coming in aa tout after , and asking what was done . After s few words in reply from Mr Adahs , the m otion was carried with one dissentient only . Agitating Committee . Mr Bisxi reported tbe meetiog at the South London Ball , which was well attended ; that a meeting would ba held at Bishop Bonner's fields , at three o ' clock , st which Dr M'Donall aad Mr Lightcw ' er would attend . > -He believed that 20 , 000 would atiead . Eutituu Committee . DrM . 'Douall reported that a daily paper had sent them an offer , and he should be enabled to report in the afternoon . The ioctor also allnded to arrangements pending with the NobibessStab , absntgiving ; supplements .
DiUgata" Rtpori . Mr T . Ciabk was called on and said , he had a colleague in the person of Town Councillor Briggs . who coslf ? giva s . better state of the feeling of Sheffield thin he could ; however , they were in favour of a rnr-ral agitation for the People's Charter . Mr Coaneiller Brisgs said , he did net believe that Sheffield was prepared to go by any other means than moral ones for the People ' s Charter ; the Charter was nsaSing great progress , not only . amongst the working but middle classes also , A requisition was . 1 e course of signature to Mr Ward , M . P ., calling on him to resign his geyernment situation , and he believed tfeat & majority of the electers would sign that requisition . Leare of absence was here given to the business flommitteetoietiie .
Mr Chos-ley said , he was sept here by a large body of operatives , who were desirons of contending for their Eatural and political rights , by all legal 3 Ed moral means . Mr HiiHEw raid , he could not state as Mr Tattersall aad done , that his constifnents weald fight for the Charter , but he could eay that , on last Snnday but one , on Blackstone Meor , they had one of the largest meetings ever held . for . Chartism—nane of the enthusiasm had died away . Distress existed in an cnpamHeled degree . He had witnessed
men—me--shanics—redneed to the condition of scavenger ? , and instead of earsing two pounds per week for their labour , sweeping the streets for some three or four shillings per week . Mills were about to close , or hid jasfc offered a rednctioa of thirty-three per cent . His eocstitnecfa woald loek np to this AfiseaUy with mnch aaxiety , to see what practical steps Would be taken . Some of his constituents since the election hti objected to a delegate cosing , as they apprehended forty-Bise would be balloted for , bat the proceedings of tbe . r body would doubtless Obriste t ' aatobjeetioB .
Mr Stzvexsos said , his district was only 6 ome five miles from that of the last speaker , many of ais constituents could scarce obtain a meal a day , and they wished him to state tsat they saw no help of permanent remedy until the people were enfranchised . Their lives nnder present circumstances were valueless , and they could not look forward for anything , QatU such times as the Char t er opened new labour fields . They wished legal and moral means to be adopted , but would not cease their agitation unless they obtained their object , or were either peaceably or violently laid in their graves . The trades iiad called a meeting for the purpose of smiting with each other in obtaining their political rights , bi 3 constituents were determined to obtain their rights some way or other . Mr JliCKisiosH presented his credentials , from Ke-castle-on-Tyne .
Mr P . M'Gbath handed in credentials from Stock-DOtUudHanley . Mr Shaefe said , he attended many Meetings oi his constituents who thenght they had begged and prayed long enough , and that the memorial to the Queen w& 3 the last step in that direction ; thousands Of meR were in S starring condition ; their wives and children crying for bread aad they had none to give thsis . 5 Ir J . D . Stefhessoit presented his credentials as delegate frv m Worcester . Mr J . Shaw ( London ) , asked the chairman if he had heard that Mr M'Grath ' s credentials related that Lie represented the trades of Stockport . The Chairuas—Tes . A discussion then arose as to Mr M'Grath ' s credentials being received , Red , as in the case of Mr M'Carthy , they were returned for amendment . The Dslegafea then resumed their reports as
foliow 3 : — Mr CiXBrnn said , in hi 3 district an immense amount sf distress prerailed , which , year after year , increased . They attributed this io ^ several causes , one of vrhich wa 3 improved machinery , and they thought it the duty of government to Joofe to tbose who were eo thrown ont of work- The people were s-3 destitute that they were now living three and four families under one roof , they had resolved on effecting a reform by some means er ether . The memorial to the Qaeen for dismissal of ministers they weuld SUPpOrti His constituents were looking forward to this body for s soend organisation . The middle classes were beginning to sympathise , and were his chief supporters . As regard * ulterior measures , when the prooer time came he would give a statement of ike feelings as regarded that .
Mr Pebabdt could not place his constituents in the light his predecexsor had done ; but they were anxious for a change . They found that labour was not represented , and they trusted that this assembly would see whst were the best steps that could be taken for the furtherance of Chartism , and bring it to tear on the government . They wished ao force whatever to be used , but strictly moral means . Mr R . CocHBASEsaid , that in Paisley in the dead of winter there were 1 , 500 people without either bed or blacker-, and tMngs were getting worse . The inhabitants were principally hand-bom weavers , who , waen in employ , only earned some fivew six shillings
per week ; and thus , tbe moment they were ont of "work , they were in a starving condition—which , as a matter of csnrse , much reduced the middle classes al 5 O . They Oiileved if taey had a Toice in making laws , that a different Etate of thbgs would prevail , and that laws would be made for the gsod of all . A large meeting had been held in Paisley , which the Whig papers had admitted was attended by 20 , 000 persons ; and , as they had admitted 20 , 000 , he thsneat thej WOald b 9 under the mark if they said 30 , 000 , and they evinced tbefr enthusiasm , as aafc leas than 100 banners were exhibited at the meeting . They were determined to hare the Charter , at any rate .
5 fr M- ' Cais said , his constituents had long been deluded by fees trade . But , instead of a big leaf , they found themselves without bread at ali . Hence their eyes were at length opened , and they had begun to took up to the Chatter . " Meetings were of almost daily occurrence . They had the attendance of specials and military . The middle classes had formed a society for protection ot life and property , and the working classes had resolved to form a National ¦ Gocrd for a similar purpose . Ia fact , with the Scotch poet , they agreed—That moral force wai all a bnmbay , That nothing persuades like a lick In the lap .
Mr Carter handed in his credentials as delegate for the BirmiEgham district . Mr Peacock said , the letters of Mr O'ConEorbad Q ^ ie eo iae iewlukewara . Bat they resolv ed that
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no mm , but principles , should be their guide . They looked op with ^ confidence to this bady , and were tired of humbly petitioning and memorialising . Mr S . BiSTLKii said , his constituents were desirons that the movement should be pushed on , bat that Horal means only should be resorted to . They were not prepared with any other . Notwithstanding , he had seen a letter to Colonel Napier from Lord John Russell , in which he stated that , should the Reform 5 ill not be carried , he ( the colonel ) was to hold himself ready for any emergency . Be hoped the reno man . but prineioles . should be their puidn . Ther
porter fer the Bristol paper ( who was present ) , wonld report this * . —Mr Berkeley had said thafcan immense number were in favenr of & loyal address of confidence in government . Now , ho could tell then that a notice was posted up at the gates of a firm , at which five hundred men were employed , statiHg that tkey muBt sign it . But only two out of the five hundred had signed ; acd so unpopular were those two Bien , that the meters had feund it necessary to discharge them , instead of rewarding them . Meetings—very large meetings—were of frequent occurrence on Brandoa-hill .
Mr T . M . Wheeler Baid , distress prevailed to a greatextent . The people were firm , and had resolved that the memorial to the Queen should b& the last farce in which they would take a part . They were forming a National Guard to protect life and property , and themselves from fereiga foes or domestic spoilers . Mr Shaw { Barnsley ) said his cosstitnents were ready and determined to support the Agsembly . Public meetings had been held in Barclay , almost every day . It contained a population of some 12 , 090 inhabitants . They had specials and military . His constittieats were williDg to exert every moral snd Isgal means ; bat when they foand the middle classes arming , they thought they had a ruht to arm , too . The lettera of Mr O'Cennor in the Northern Stab had given great offence to his constituents , and they certainly did wish to know what connexion prevailed
between tbe late Convention and Mr O'Connor on that subject . Mr Tuite said their county was misrepresented by Mr Bagge , Lord Jocelyn , and Lord George fit niinck . The latter had recently written a letter , in which he stated that any alteration in the constitution of the lower hocss st present would be iDJurioua to tbe working classes . Lynn embraced a mixed population —sailors , corn porters , and others , The aailora were entirely with them . He did not mean to say that the people were prepared to ' tuck up their sleeves and go at it ; ' but they resolved aot to petition or memorialise any more , and they wonld support this Assembly . Mr M'Geith thought the ' course they were at present taking aimless and a waste of time . Hence , he would recommend that they , should cease the rep 6 rts . and go at once to the business of the programme .
ifr £ . Josss said , he thought it necessary to hear a report ef the etate of the country , as on that repart must in a great measure , depend tbe coureetu&t Assembly would pursue . Mr M'Grath said , as it appeared that the Assembly was in favour of reporting fee would withdraw hiB motion . Mr E . Jokes gsid , ha should oaly be repealing what had been already heard , if he stated the distress prevailisg in Halifax . The notion of getting anything from petitions or memorials was dying away . Processions had been discountenanced by the magistrates bat held nevertheless . His constituents were willing that all moral means should be taken , but were not willing to goon petitioning , after the memorial to the Qaeen . They were quite ready . to sup . pert this Assembly . They drew the distinction between dTil and political laws ; the first they were willing to observe while rn force , bat for the latter they were prepared to break them . Tiiej wers
desirous of observing the laws that protected lifs and property , but determined to break those that restricted Ubertyiand justice . Mr Jones then referred to his Scotch tour . He had witnessed great firmuess arid enthusiasm in Aberdeen ; a JXatienal Guard , consisting of nearly 1 , 000 peraonsi was formed , and should this Assembly declareitgelf a parliament they were determined to support it . Nest day he attended at Dundee , when the people were ready to support this Assembly to the utmost . On Wednesday he attended at Edinburgh ; the feeling there was strong . He had addressed a large meetisg in the Waterloo rooms in connexion with his friend Adams and Dr Hunter . Meetings were held , 30 , 000 strong , on the Carlton Hill ; and they had commenced talking of forming a National Guard . On Thursday nieht he attended an enthusiastic meeting in the Low Church at Paisley : and next day , at twelve , an immense meeting : and procession , of some 30 , 000 people , with 100 banners and twelve bands of musie . A
remarkable circumstance occurred here—that ot handing ever the safety of the town by the magistrates to the Chartists , and the greatest peace sad good order prevailed , all the shops were open , and not an accident occurred , thongh fire-arms were discharged along tbe Jine of the procession in token of rejoicing . The same nieht he attended an overflowing meeting in the City Hall at Glasgow , where the same pledge of support was given to the National Assembly , on whatever course it might decide . On the next day , Saturday , a meeting and procession were held at Greenock . Here a guard ofhononr of 200 soldiers was sent down with him and Mr Adams , from Glasgow . A glorious procession was formed . A procession through tae to ^ n was prohibited . The soldiers were hid under the bridges with sail cloth ,
but nevertheless they pnshed a paper through the cloth to a member of the Chartist Committee , to the effect 'Don't hold the procession to-day , but pass a reso ' . ntion in favour ot promotion from the ranks . ' The employers locked their men in their premises , which showed they were all Chartists , and after the meeting was over , the police intercepted their peaceable march . But before they left the town , they ascertaiued all was quiet—at a later hour in the evening the police broke the leg of an old man , who , he had heard , had since died . The same evening , he proceeded to Alexandria , and attended a large meeting in tbe Church there , where full support was pledged to the Assembly . On Monday , he attended with Mr
Adams , an open-air meeting , at one o clock , at Coatbridge , of the miners , where they celebrated a union between the Repealers and Chartists , and he conld assure them that the miners were strong , and had the ri ° ht spirit . The same evenirg , at Hamilton , there was a meeting in the church . Four men had been put in prison for circulating the letter' Soldier and Citizen '—however , they were let out again . There , too , they pledged the fullest support to the Assembly . He had now stated the result of his tonr without colouring , indeed , he should think himself criminal were he to deceive them . A letter from his constituents instructed him to take Ms seat , without reference to any ballot .
Mr Harlet paid , great suffering prevailed in Glasgow , many people existing ' , on turnipB and oatmeal , since the riote that took place , the upper classes had endeavoured to gab them emplojnient . Some had ^ ot out doar labour at one shilling a day . Others hsd been stone-breaking at about fourpence per day . Chartism was in a much healthier Btate than it bad ever before been . The press had given them credit for 100 , 000 at their meeting on Glasgow Green , but he believed there werenear'y 200 , 000 , notwJtbstanding the masters had told the men under them that if they went to the meeting , they need never return ta their work . He believed that the men of Glasgow would support us in all common sense objects . Mr Adams said , that a , case af sedition that had been ( ramped up against two printers , would break down , as the witnesses were Buch fools they could make nothing ont of them . ( Langhter and applause . ) A trades' delegate meeting of five hundred had met , and resolved to support this Assembly .
Mr J . Basset said , some of his constituents were indigent , some in tfHuent circumstances . The middle classes were coming over as fast as we could wish . The trades , too , of which he was a member , had to a man held np their hands for the Charter . He had been instructed to act with prudence , yet firmness . Whilst they would try all moral means , they would be ready to take any steps circumstances eight require . He would say that hi 3 colleague had hardly been correct in his statement ; instead of a national guard , they were forming a life and property protection society . , , , ht hundred
Mr S . M'Leas said , in Alva eig men practised rifle shooting , and _ most excellent matksmen they were . The Chartist organisation is going on well . He theught it esseEtially necessary that this Assembly should take up the question of organisation on a popular basis . For the list fifteen months many of the people had been iavolunfsry idlers , living on turnips . This source was nearly exhausted ; and unless something tamed up , nothing but anarchy conld be expected . The Assembly adjourned until half-past two o ' clock .
AFTERNOON SITTING . The Assembly met at about a quarter to three , and { tie roll having been gone through . The Chairxiah called upon Mr Kydd to laaks his rep&rt as one of the delegates fer Oldham , and as one of tbe missionaries to Ireland . Mr Ktdd accordiDf Iy roBe , and stated that in obedience to the object which the Assembly had in view , he and his CO-delegate ( Mr Leach ) made the best of their way to Dublin and waited upon Patrick O'Higsins , considering that gentleman as identified with the canst of tbe Charter in England , and being at the head of the Usiversal Suffrage Society in Ireland . They were received with charaoteristie hospitality . They also waited upon the Council ef the
Irish Confederation , who , he might take tnat opportunity of saying , wereassBiious to see the deputation as the deputation were anxious to see them . The first question which was pot to them by the council was as to the terms of nnioa which the Chartists proposed to their brethren ia Ireland . This tae deputatioa replied to by ^ tating that they were not prepared to lay dowa any"distinct line of policy , but to express a feeling of sympathy with the Irish people in the great etrHggle in which they were more immediately engaged . He went on to state tsat many gentlemen of thecouncilapprovedol the Charter in some points , but disapproved of others ; aed some went ao far as to insinuate that it was net the province of the English peopla to dictate tfeo policy of Irish agitation . Ho
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regretted the existence of views so narrow . But , without reference to fcho 39 minor details , he believed the council of the Irish Confederatisn to be singleminded and sincere , and he believed the day to be not far distant when Ireland would achieve her independence . ( Hear , hear . ) After the arrival of the deputation , a meeting was recommsnded to be held on t&e Easter Monday ; but there were oh that day numerous meetings of the vestries iE the city ; and , besides , there was a meeting appointed ta be held at Conciliation Hall—a hall called by that name , but H 3 ed chiefly by oonntry gentlemen , who met there for the purpose of blowing eaok other up—( a laugh )—so that it was thought better to hold a meeting at the Princess ' s Theatre ; and , although prices ef ad-„_ . . . .. .
mission were charged for admittance to different parts of the house , he could state , from the receipts at the doors , that there were upwards of 1 , 000 present . ( Cheers . ) He madethis ^ tatement , because , although the Irish people had done them justice as regarded the numbers present at that meeting , the English press had not . At that meeting tba principles of the Charter were fully propounded , and resolutions approving the People ' s Charter passed unanimously . ( Cheers . ) From his own knowledge of the country , he was , enabled to say , that if properly canvassed , the Irish people were fully prepared to receive the principles of the Charter , and he firmly believed that , wheo Ireland obtained her own Parliament , it would ba a Parliament based upon the principles of the
Charter . ( Cheers . ) Through the kindness of their Irisk friends he ( MrKydd ) and Ms colleagues were introduced to many leading and influential men in Ireland , whose opinions were in the highest degree confiraatery of the determined spirit of the Irish people . Of these he could not forbear relating the expression of one gentleman of eminence in the Irish Church , and of great historical learning , in answer to the question of what he thought of the prospect of the present struggle in Ireland , wto made nee of the remark of Robespierre . ' Sir , ' said he , ' these people will do much , because they mean all they say . ' ( Hear , hear . ) After a few general observations on the subject of the suffrage , Mr Kydd adverted to the social condition of the Irish people , aod stated that
, although he was well ^ acquainted with the condition of the labouring olasses in Glasgow , Aberdeen , Dundee , Manchester and other large cities in England and Scotland , he had never witnessed the depth ef poverty qnd wretckeduess which he had witnessed in Ireland . He went on to describe the condition of a large portion of the peasantry at Farberry , within twenty « five ailes of Dublin , whera numbers of the poer creatures had no shelter from the weather , and no bed but the hard earth . They carried straw with them and slept on the road side . He concluded by stating , that at a meeting held in Ireland , he had received instructions to exercise his free judgment
and discretion in forwarding the great principles of the Charter lor , and on behalf of , the people of Ireland . It was , he said , obvious to all that either Lord Cla'endon and Lord Russell did not know how to govern Ireland , er they were jugglers who could eat hot tow without burning themselves . The starving people pointed to the soldiers mounted on horses better fed than the labonrer , and they said , ' These horses eat tb& corn and these soldiers take the money which we should hats . Such was tho outcry of the people . The government comp l ained of conspiracy , but that conspiracy was so widely spread that to put it down it wonld be found necessary either to destroy or to export three-fourths of the people .
Mr Cdiiuikg said , he represented a constituency of absnt one hundred and fifty thousand . They had not suffered so much as the people in the manufacturing districts , yet since he was returned to the late Convention , Chartism had made rapid progress in the district . His constituents said that the social condition of iha people was dependent upon their political cendition—they said Parliamest had the power to reorganise the labour of the country—that the national resources were abundant to give employment to t&e whole population , pnd that there was no hope of any improvement until labour was represented in Parliament as well as all othei > intereste . They were , however , in favour of pursuing this great object by strictly moral and constitutional means .
Mr H . Raskik corroborated the statements of his oolleague , Mr Cumming , as to the progress of Chartism in Edinburgh . Meetings were held in the Gallen Hal ! every week . Hs wished to grate that the people of that city deeply deplored the publication of Mr O'Connor's letters in the Northern Star , as being both impolitic and uncalled for , and that they were also of opinion that the people ' s petition bad been treated with great injustice . They had no faith in tbe middle-class movement for eleotoral reform , headed by Messrs Hume , Cobden , and Bright , seeing that all these parties bad been opposed to the labour question , and were the great upholders of that system of political econorsy which ground the working
classes ta tbe dost . At a public meeting , it had been agreed to form a national guard of 1 , 609 persons , to put down domestic anarchy and foreign interference , and it was to be divided and subdivided in regular military order , and headed by captains , lieutenants , &c . Mr H . Child said , trade was bad—rents high —taxes ditto , and they thought it the duty of the government to put them in such a state as would enable them to pay them . There was not that physical force feeling that had teen represented . The people thought here that all Englishmen had a right to have arms in their possession . He bad such since his boj-bood . The people were determined to sup . port their cause .
Mr P . M'Geath said , his constituents had not chalked out any particular line for him to pursue , but were wishful for the Charter . Mr J . Lsaob . —In Manchester , ten thousand per . sons were out of employment according to his last report , but he bad been informed this had been in . creased by two thousand . There were seven thousand persons receiving parochial relief . Rates were high , which was a screw upon tho middle clasars . Men of all classes have admitted we must have some change . The press , that was the government portion of it in Ireland , deceived the Chartists , and the press of England deceived the Repealers . Why ?—In order to keep them disunited . But there was no real difference between them . They were each
struggling for their rigms . Mr Dokovan said , there w&s not a body better prepared to obtain their rights than were the men of Manchester . On his tour he first went to Norwichthe men had a good spirit , but it was far from a physical force spirit . They went thence to Ipswich , where a similar spirit prevailed ; and thence to Bury Saint Edmonds , where they had the largest meeting ever held—the first ever held there for the Charter—and the-spirit was equal to those fee had alluded to . From theace they proceeded to Braintree , and not only the people of the town , but of the district , were in attendance , and there was only one class that was dia-Ratiefied , —the shopkeepers—and they were dissatisfied simply because a number of policemen wero brought in , and they wonld Lave to pay for them . Loud laughter . )
Dr M'Douall said , he bad attended large meetings in Nottingham and district . In Nottingham they had a meeting Of 8 , 000 . At Loughborough a quiet meeting in the Market-place , The men of Leicester had matched eleven miles there and eleven back again , which was a test of their determination at Loaghbfrough . When they wanted specials , they asked , 'Have you signed the National Petition ? ' and they went en this way till at length they found they would have no specials—at last they found they lad but three . In ManBfield they had a large
meeting , aad from the m 6 de in which it had been conducted , it had brought over a great number of the middle classes . At Nottingham meetings had been held , both of working and middle elates , and at the latter they had aereed to Universal Suffrage , the mayor proposing UBiveraal j instead of an Extension of the Suffrage , ^ he opinion of the men of Nottingham was , that as the National Petition was disputed , that local petitions bearing name and address Should be got up and presented as a basis to this assembly .
Mr Arkeel said , as the representative of the worKiEgcfa 8 ses , and having been a farmer , he thought ho knew as much of the working classes in Swindon as any man , and never were they so badly off as dow . He had been a reformer for twenty-five or thirty years , and he believed that if things went on , that nothing in the Bhape of small tradesmen would exist before long . The working people had known nothing of Universal Suffrage until the last two or three years , but he believed if delegates could be sent , the agricultural labourers would become the beat reformera .
Mr J . West said , he had attended meetings at Slockport , Macclesfield , Northampton , Longton , Birmingham , Bilston , and other towns , where large and enthusiastic meetings had been held . The delegate from Northampton to the Convention had attested that the people there were prepared for physical force . This was not correct . They were , however , prepared for a good moral force agitatxen . At Leicester , & splendid meeting had been neia in the Amphitheatre , and at Loughborough , it being , market day when he addressed the people there , maay farmers were present . At Nottingham poverty and poor rates were on the increase . Mr Wrigbt , _ the banker of tbatfcswn , had sent out circulars soliciting informatien on certain points , from those whe were well acquainted with the social and political ei ndition
of the people . From the returns to these circulars , it appears that in 1844 the number of in-door poor to whom relief waa given wbb 602 ; in 1847 , it was 1 , 027- In 1844 , out-door relief was given to 1 , 691 persona ; ia 1847 , to 3203 . In 1815 and 1846 , the poor rates were 4 s . 2 d . in the pound ; in 1848 they were 53 . lOd * . ( Hear . ) When these circumstances were taken into consideration , it waa impossible tbe people could be contented . With respect to the state of Stockport , he found by a table which had recently been prepared , that there were 68 mills employm J 8 * 250 lands ; of these there were 4 . 566 entirely out of work , 561 working two days a week , 4 , 901 three days , 4 , 122 three days and a half , 2 , 214 were w « rkiug four days , 871 fiva days , and 3 . 688 five days and a half : The whole table gave an increase cf 17 per cent , in employment over last March . Mr J . Hargbsaves said , the people in Warrington had suffered , more last winter than the ? had ever .
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done before , and had been kept alive by soop kitchens and the charity of some of thegentletneD . The people were now fully alive as to their rights . They did not wish a revolution of blood , but wished to fight the moral battle , believing thought omnipotent . Mr Abbs related the oppression practised on the poor in the Potteries . The people of tho Potteries were for using moral means for obtaining their just rights . Mr Whitwbld said , he believed Chartism never prevailed to a greater extent . Tho thing he was Bent here for was to form a plan of organisation , for they said we bad not one . Mr Ihsoll said , the people in the neighbourhood oi Dudley were Chartists from principle , not from necessity . They wished to have a plan of organisation and operation in action . Mr S . Bentole said , he believed a month or two
since the people were worked up to a great pitch . Witain this l&Bt week or two a great change had come over the people . Up to that period the people had reposed every confidence in their leader . Mr O'Connor '* letters had staggered them . However , they had faith in this Assembly , and weuld folisw it , if it was disposed to lead . There was no desire for an outbreak , but they were disposed forsSra moral movement , for the obtainment of their just rights . Mr J . Hoilb said , the condition of the working classes in Salford was closely allied to that of Manchester . MaDy had not done any werk for sixteen months past . Of course , starvation made them impatient . Mr Rodbn said , the feeling of the working classes waa farther advanced than he had ever known . The people of Birmingham placed every confidence in the Assembly . They had a middle-class movement ( ot Universal Suffrage , and another for Heuae . hold Suffrage .
Mr J . Shirbon said , the agitation in Aberdeen waa increasing . They had sent him an helpmate , who had just arrived , and would give them a later account , He thought an organisation necessary . MrHKNERY said , their instruction ? were to get the Charter by moral means if you can , but get tbe Charter . If the people waited much longer , they would be in their graves . Mr LiOHiowLBRaaid . he had to say that the mayor and others had come out for the Charter . They vrished moral force to be tried to tbe last , but at the same time they were preparing for another species of force . Many people did not get one shilling per week to live oh . Mr Ji D . Sibphenson said , some of the middle class asked , ' Will you not take ten shillings in the pound ? ' forgetting thatsome wonld get ten shillings and others none : The people were for the Charter and no surrender . '
Mr W . Carver said , the Irish had sympathised with them in their district . They wished every moral means to be tried , and the principle ? of tin Charter inculcated from one end of tbe kingdom to the other . Mr J . Mackintosh said , they were fast falling into that atate when insurrection became a less evil than submission to thb powers that be . They were desirous of having the Charter , and would notaccept tbe suffrage by instalments , not even a £ b suffrage . Also , they would unite with any , and forgiva even that chief of political sinners , Lord John Russell , if he would go with them . Mr Peacock obtained leave of absence fer
Wednesday forenooD . j The Assembly then adjourned . WEDNESDAY MORNING , Mav 3 . Mr W , DiSon resumed the chair at nine o'olock . The galleries , as usual , were crowded . Mr T . Jonbs handed in his credentials aa delegate for Liverpool . The Business Committee reported to the effect , that they were to receive a deputation on the anb . jeot of a full report of the proceedings of the Assembly . Mr Councillor Brioos waa ultimately appointed treasurer to the Assembly . Reports of the Diitriots .
Mr T . Jones Baid until this last few weeks . Liverpool was dormant as regarded Chartism , but now it was up at a great height . A meeting had been held on the North Score , at which soaietliiflg like 70 , 000 persons attended . They were fully determined to have the Charter cither by moral or physical force . Rifle clubs and Bhooting galleries were to be found in the town . The Rev . J . Bauker said , he could not say tbat his constituents were disposed to fight for the Chayter—at least , there were very few that would ; and even those would like every moral means to be first tried . This was fully proved by their eleoting two moral force advocates . They trusted efficient steps would be taken to further the agitatienby this Assembly .
Reception of Programme . Dr M'Douall moved that the programme be received . Mr Stbvenson seconded the motion . The following waB the programme : — Reports from Ddegates on tho state of tno country . Means of enabling the Assembly to give renewed vigour to the movement . Organisation of the Chartist body . Policy of the Chartist body In referep . ee to other parties seeMng a refonnotjon ehort of the Peopl& ' a Charter . ,. GEBAT BCCIAl QB 1 EVANOEB , 1 . The Land Monopoly . 2 . Pauperism . 3 . Crime . i , The Remedy .
ORSAT POLITICAL OBIEViNCBS , 1 . The Restricted Franchise . 2 . Oppressive and Unequal Taxation . 3 . Army and Navy , i . Judicial , CiTil . and Pension Lists , 5 , Tbe National Debt . 6 . Repeal of tho Union , IUDO 8 TZIAI QBESTIOHB . 1 . Labour and Capital , their relative position , 2 . Machinery , itB effects . COHHEBCIAL QUESTIONS . 1 . Free Trade . 2 . The Currency Question ;
National Education . State Church , Criminal Code . Free Press . The mo 3 t approved mode of presenting the Memorial to her Mujosty . Mr Wheeler thought it had been received , and the first point acted on . Mr Rakrin thought that the Assembly had not received the programme , and that the motion was proper . Mr Ktdd wished the matter to ba properly stated by the Business Committee . Dr M'Douali , said , he had moved the reception for the purpose of enabling Mi Kjdd to move his promised amendment . Mr Ktdd then moved as an amendment , That this assembly go into committee for the purpose of discussing the ' organisation of the Chartist body . '
Mr VfiRNON roao to second the amendment of Mr Kydd and did not anticipate either the Business Committee or any other body would offer any objeotion to that course . He had listened with great satisfaction to the reports of the various delegates . He was deligfcted to find that England , Ireland , and Scotland were determined to have the Charter . He was further pleased to hear that they desired moral force to be used in Us obtainment , although he must pnnfe'fl he was anxious to know what was meant by
' moral means . ' He was delighted to find , that with about six exceptions , the delegates reported that their constituents were determined to have tbe Charter at all hazards , He should not like any surgeon who would be so blood-thirsty as to cut off a patient ' s leg at first Bight , bnt he should equally dislike the doctor who would be dallying and trifling with a patient , giving him medicine that he knew was of no avail . Heshould , in the committee , be prepared to offer some moral means for the attention of that committee .
Mr Churchill attended and banded in his creden . tials and took his seat as one of the delegates for the City of London and borough of FinBbury . Mr J . WE 8 r eaid , he had recently had tbe opportunity of going amongst the moat densely populated parts of the country , and he emphatically declared that neither Leicester , Birmingham , Macoletfield , nor Stockport were prepared for physioal force , and hence it vras deluding the country to assert tbat they were so prepared , lie hoped they would go into the discussion of the first question on the programme . Mr Basset said , he was instructed to act prudently and discreetly , yet firmly , and be said , take all moral means first and then talk of other means . Mr Mathbw would support Mr Kydd ' s amendment , that the assembly at once go into committee on organisation .
Mr Dosovah would like Mr Kydd to withdraw his amendment , and simply move ' that this assembly do go into committee on this subject . ' tie did not see why the question of moral and physical force should be agitated . , _ Mr Ktkd would agree to Mr Donovan ' s suggestion . Mr Adams thought Mr Kydd ' a amendment was now vague and indefinite . He must support Dr M ' Douali ' s motion , &a he thought it necessary that thev Bhould have the programme before them . _
Mr E . Joneb said they were not sent here to discuss abstract principles , but to adopt measures for the enactment of the Charter . Mr Joneb hero read through the eighteen propositions of the programme , and then reminded the assembly of the Reports of the Delegates . Had they not heard that men were living on Is . per week in Bradford—that in some towns numbers had not more than lid . per day--that in other districts they lived on turnips , and tne aupply was Jailing short-that in numerous instances families kept their beda to still the wrings of nun . ger—and then he asked them , whether they coala
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reconcile it to their consciences to sit there week by week , discussing abstract political principles ? Was it for tbat , the starving poor paid them to sic in that assembly ? It waa argued that the middle class were coming round—and therefore we should conciliate them by such temporising . Why were they comiDg round ?—because they felt the pressure of want . Agitation , aotion—n » t talking—could increase the pressure . Wait for them , indeed , —till a litt'e moro hunger gave them a little more Becue 1 While they were growing a little more hungry what was to become ef the men at Hd . per day ?—by the-time the middle class got hungry enough to swallow the Charter , the people would be starved into their graves . He therefore moved the following as tne programme of the Assembly : — Means of enabling the Assembly toglva increased vigour to the movement .
The organisation and policy of the Chartist body . The presentation of the memorial to the QaeeB . The best practical method for making tbe Cnarter law . MrRiNKiN would second Mi Jones ' s amendment . Mr Cummino said , were they to go into a debate on the programme , it would be converting this Assembly into a debating society . He would support the amendment . Mr T . Claiik said , re agreed that their constituents had made up their minds , bat tbe object of that Assembly wa » that other persona resident in
, these islands should also have an opportunity of knowing what we wanted , and of making np their minds . —Discussion was what they wanted . He was sure of this—the Charter would be had when the people were determined to have it , they bad been misrepresented on many of the questions submitted and it was their duty to Bet themselves right _ by discussing those questions and letting their opinions go to the country through the press . He thought the be 3 t way was at once to adopt the programme , and when they came to an exceptionable point , a member objecting could then offer his objection .
Mr Basset must support the amendment of Mr Jones , or we should have eighteen discussions instead of ene . Mr J . ! West said , ho entirely differed with those who thought we were wrong in letting our constituents know what our objects were , and what our opinions on these questions were . Wo had been represented as a set of ignorsnt deolaimer . " , and he gaidifc was our duty to refute thi ? , by showing that we thoroughly understood the politics of the country , and that we were prepared [ to carry out our object by reason and argument , and by eveh means should they obtain tho voice of the great mass of the people with them . Mr CANBztBr said , his constituents looked forward with anxiety tb the deliberations of this body , and expected something more from it , than they had from tb # late Convention . The questions on the programme would take up too much time , hence he must support Mr Jones ' s amendment .
Mr Vbrnon said , he quite 8 greed " witb Mr Jones ' s amendment , and did not think the opinion of that Assembly on some of the questions wonld be very conciliatory to some of the middle classes ; he did not like abstruse questioB 9 , but wished them to confine themselves to the Charter , and could not conceive the discussion of those other points could lead to any beneficial result . Mr Harlot said , he thought the effect of sending this programme forth would be to excite distrust in our coBstituenta . Hence , he liked the abridgment moved by Mr Jones . He thought to talk of going into committee , without stating rrhat they were to do ao for , was ridiculous .
Mr Shaw ( Tower Hamlets ) said , be was sent here decidedly for the purpose of obtaining these things mentioned iu Mr Jones ' s amendment , and he believed the great body of the Chartists understood the other questions quite as well as the delegates themselves . He said it was not to be conceived tbat a starving people could support their [ sitting there whilst they discussed those questioss . Mr Mackintosh ' said , he had . on reading : the programme , positively doubted ! Dr M'DflUall'fl OrthOdoxy as a Chartist , as he certainly abandoned Annual Parliaments when he submitted the programme , for certainly no Annual Parliament would get through it . ( Laughter . ) He mu « t support Mr Jones . Mr C . M'Carthy presented bis credentials , and took hfs seat aa one of the repraseatativeg Of the City of London aud borough of FinBbury . Mr A . Sijaepb said , his constituents were anxious ; hat they should go to business on the question of thn Charter .
Mr M'Grath said , they were here to imbue the people with their principles . A groat deal of prejudice existed against them . They were represeated as bloodthirsty anarchists . He was anxious ta remove these prejudices , created by the public press , and he could not see a better mode than by the proposed discussion . Mr Harley had said , let them have the principles contained in the programme in a public addresB . Why , would it not take time to discuss that ? The complaint was that the programme contained toi ) much . Well , if so . let the points be objected to when they were arrived at . But there waB Repeal and the Church question . Was it not necessary that they should let the parties moving in these matters be acquainted that we are not their
opponents . Hence , he was for the programme . Mr Ktdd said he wouM like to withdraw his amendment , and say a few words on the motion . Some of those questions were puzzling nations who had the Oh&eter , and ho conld not think that it would be wise to cause disunion amongst themselves by entering on those subjects , which would be quite in place as matters of debate , when the Charter was obtained . He could not support Mr Jones because he was in favour of part of those his amendment would omit , henee be would support the reception of the programme , reserving his right to those amendments against those questions wb / ch he thought it would be injurious for the Assembly to discuss .
Mr Council'or BRroas said he cared not how they got to business SO that they did so . He cared not very much how they got the Charter bo that they did get it . He thought it best to take the procramme as it stood , and then put the acceptance or rejection of the questions therein seriatim . Mr M'Crae said , the delegates seemed to forget that tbe country was in a divided state , as was shown by a great number of delegates not haviBg yet taken their seats—some adhering te the Assembly , some few going with an individual not here . He thought it would be well to take steps for the presentation of the memorial , and then , if they had no other business , take a discussion on the principles laid down in tbe programme .
Mr Cociirane Baid he agreed with a young friendi that they appeared to want to discuss questions before they got into the house . He did not believe his constituents sent him here to take up a month or two discussing these questions . He did not think it at all necessary to adopt the programme . Mr Sotrron thought it necessary that some of the the questions should be discussed , hence he would vote for the adoption of the programme , rejecting some of the subjects when they came before the Assembly . Mr Jombs ( Liverpool ) said his mission had a
twofeld object , —to get the Charter , and to prepare the mind of tho people for what wonld follow . lie should support Mr Jones ' s amendment , as he did not see tbat it would prevent any member introducing the question of an Orgafiisation of Labour . Mr Leach moved a new programme , embracing Mr Jones ' s , and added , ' Land Monopoly , ' Repeal of the Union , ' -Organisation of Labour , ' ' State Church , ' 'Free Trade , ' ' Currency , ' Free Press . ' Mr Leach said , land monopoly was one of those things that were the cause of crime . The qnestions ho had mentioned in his amendment , were necessary to be discussed .
Mr Clark suggested to Mr Leach , the propriety of allowing the question to be taken on the matter at issue , and submitting his as an after amendment . Mr Leaoh embraced Mr Clark ' s suggestion , and withdraw his amendment . Mr J . D . Stkfhekson said , he trusted they would decide on the question at once . lie waa prepared to Bupport Mr Jones ' s amendment . Mr Donovan expressed a desire to address the Assemblyi but the chairman said , his impression was , that Mr Donovan had already spoken on the question . Mr Aekell said , bis conception was , that it was their duty to take into consideration the bestmeanB of presenting the memorial and the obtaining the Charter , and as Mr Jones ' s amendment was the nearest approach to this , he would support it .
Dr M'Douaii . aaid , that nothing could afford a greater evidence of the horrible system under which we have been reared , than the fact that even in this Chartist Assembly , a party spirit should insensibly creep in . In moving the reception ef the programme he had done bo as tho secretary of the BusiEess Com mittee , so that it might be taken into consideration and adopted , or cut in pieces . Personally , he had no objection to either course . But he did object to the remark made , thai it waa time enough , to discu ? a the important questions in the programme , when we got into the House ' of Commons . Allow him to te \ l Mr M'lntosh that unless we showed a capacity to discuss these questions , few ot us would ever be elected to sit in that house . Tbe Assembly was placed in a peculiar position . Our constituents were through their poverty and privations impatient
of all delay , and exclaimed , 'When shall we bave the Charter V The middle class , en the other hand , said , ' What will you do with it when you get it ? ' We must discosa that . That it was necessary to convince the middle ctass , Mr Jones proved by moving the issue of tracts to be distributed amongst them . We must certainly be prepared to point out not only grievances , but the cause and remedy , otherwine we should not gain more credit thaa the House of Commons , as legislators—to be occupied in discussion . In regard to the time , the Doctor approved of Mr M'Crae'a suggestion , as to fixing a time for the presentation of the memorial , whether in one , two , or three weeks . In the meantime the great question of the organisation of the Chartist body would be brought under consideration . Time was wantedto effect tb » t , and as the Chartists were charged with ignwaase , it would be their duty to disprove it . me
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middle dasD had refrained from attending their meet , ings , and some means ouf ht to be adopted to maka them acquainted with our real views , opinions , and intentions ; as to the programme itself , he had no personal feeling on tbe question . The question was then put , and the ameorfmentof Mr Jones was declared to be carried by a large ma « J l \ wa « thenmoved flfld seconded— Tbat the Assembly do go into committee on the amended pro . gramme . ' - —Carried unanimously . the members f .. ( ..:.. j f . ™ . « ,, j : n ¦ ^
Mr T . Clark said , as he was one of o the business committee , he had no objection to state what were tbe proceedings to be adopted . The first proposition was— ' The jneaoa of enabling the As * sembiy to give renewed vigour io the movement . This was to call upon the country for means , which was of all things necessary ; and he believed the appeal would be responded te , particularly after the representations they had received from the delegates . Surely those Who were stated to be ready to risk their Hvee , would be willing to supply the means for carrying out tho objects of this Assembly . Ho was prepared to do his duty , and hence ho called upon tho country to do theirs , by supplying tbe means , which would be a good test of their sincerity . He would rnovc —• ' That an address be issued-to tbe country , calling upon them to supply the means to enable this Assembly to carry out their object to a ; succes 9 ful issue . ' Mr J . Wbst seconded the motion .
Mr M . Dohent presented his credentials , and took bis seat as one of the delegates for Salford , amidst loud cheers , and said , he felt proud and gratified at the kindness of their reception . He hsd been much in the north of England , ho had been at Birmingham , and attended a meeting in favour of Hoiifehold Suffrage , but how it happened he conld not tell , buttheit arguments all went for Universal Suffrage . It appeared to him that it was a question of bricks » nd mortar against intelligence . He would take this opportunity of stating it as his opinion that this Assembly should never give up the sacred principle of Universal Suffrage . His nation was that agitatioa waB the greatest curse tbat could be inflicted on any
country , and tbe way to obviate perpetual agitatioa was , to at onoe go for the whole rights of man . ( Cheers . ) He thought that it was their duty to ask all , and as to taking it . they must do as they could , for they were obliged to take the Gagging Bill . He must take this opportunity of thanking the people st large fflr the support they had given him . He accepted and reciprocated their fraternity . ( Loud cheering . ) The Irish had but recently understood their principles . During the Catholic agitation they had been taught to look on them as anarchists ; ( Hear , hear . ) From the proceedings in this ball , hs trusted he should hear that man's rights would b « vindicated and won . ( Great cheering . ) Mr Mathbw said he rose to support Mr Clark ' a
motion . Mr Ehhest Jones said he theught it would ba vain to attempt to raise funds until we had reassured the public mind , and further , that the eum required from each district shonld be stated . The addresses should also set forth the feeling that now existed ; hs thought it would be wise in Mr Clark to defer hlf , motion for the present , since before they could ef . pect the country to find money for the assembly , waB necessary that the Assembly sheuld tell country that t hey meant to set to work . Mr Barkis said , he thought it would be advisable that tbe course of agitation should be pointed out before funds were called for , as on this mueh would de-Mr Clark would place bis question in abeyance 011 til Buoh time as that question was submitted . > Mr John West would move , ' That the question ot organisation of the Chartist body be considered ba fore any addresses be issued . '
Mr Kvdd seconded the motion . Dr M'Dopali . said , he thought it would be better that the addresses should be first issued , and that Mr Jones would be in order in moving a Secret Committee to draw up an address . Mr Cochbahb conld not see how an Address coula be issued before seme line of policy was adopted and an organisation set going . . Mr Barker thought tbe support they received would entirely depend on the policy they adopted . Mr Erhest Jones said , the policy they were justified in adopting would also depesd on the support
they received . In the present state oi me pooiw mind , no time should be le&t in issuing an addresg- » and if they waited to diacuas a line of policy , which might take the whole week—tbe golden opportunity of rallying the publio mind would be lost . Mr T . Clark said , he thought they should commit themselves to a definite and unmistakable policy , he , therefore , suggested that they Bhould let their Business Committee retire . He would , therefore , move , ' That this Assembly , ac the rising , adjourn uutil to-morrow morning for that purpose . Mr Bartlktt seconded the motion .
Mr CHURCHm < said , he wished a larger tommifcte * , as this morning ' s proceedings bad shown tbat they were not satisfied with their conduct . Mr Cochrane said he differed with Mr Churchill . The Assembly had shown their confidence by return * ing the Committee . _ One o ' clock having arrived the National Assemoij adjourned uttil half-past two .
AFTERNOON SITTING . The Chairman resumed the chair at half-past two Messrs Churchill and M'Carthy briefly reported from their constituents of Finsbnry , that thcywera very poor , but they were quits prepared , In asy way to obey tho commands of that Assembly . The Press . The Committee appointed to make arrangemente fc-r obtaining a full report of the proceedings of thfl Assembly , reported that they had waited upon the nrnwietors of a daily paper , who had effered to giva
them a certain amount of space upoa certain stipulations . They had also endeavoured to see Mr O'Connor , with the view of getting him to publish supplements , but bad failed to see that gentleman . Mr Kyid said , that all the Assembly required WM not so much a full , as a fair report of the proceedings and he begged publicly to state that the Mobhimj Advertiser had given an impartial and accurate account of their previous sittings ; it was , therefore , a question , seeing tbat one journal , at least , did them justice , whether they should take any farther steps in the matter
. ... „ Mr Cochranb sai d he hsd been anticipated by Sat Kydd with reference to the Morning ADVERTiaia , which he wished to recommend tn the support < a the country , as a paper which , urjaelicited , _ h& 4 given fair and impartial reports ef their proceedings . Sevfral other delegates concurred in thiavisw , MSli the tubject then dropped . Future Policy of the ChartUls . The debate on tho question of issuing an address , was then resumed . Mr Wbst moved that they should first discus 3 tl Q
general policy of the Assembly . Mr Ktdd said it was impossible ( o look at tfifl daily prcs 3 , and avoid coming to the conclusion , that a great movement in favour of electoral reform was comm < ncing among the middle classes . It waa equally evident tbat ne party could influence parliament that was sot supported by the great bonj of the people . He wished , under these circumstances , that Mr Jones should postpone his motion for thtt issuing of an address , until they had discussed tb . 8 question of their policy with reference to other bodies seeking a reformation fih&rt of the People a
Charter , Mr Carver trusted that if they did send out anf addresB , it would be couched in plain and unmiBtak-Mr Bekry ' said , if they did Dot palter with the people , but speak out manfully , they would be sopported by them . . . . . e Mr Vkenon urged the immediate issuing ot aa * mTdokovan wi « hed to know whether the ' proposition was—that they Bhould issue aa answer to Mr O'Connor ' s letters ? He thought they were tfiers to do their own duty , altogether irrespective of what that gentleman might say or do . Itwas Proposedbj Mr Jones that an address should bo issued , but what it was to be about no one knew . The very nrst business , surely , was to decide whatsubjectthat aaarera should he upon . ... „„ . _ jj _ .-of the address
Mr Churchill said , the subjeot should be to show that Chartism ao far from being dead , as the organs of the middle olasses bad latelj represented , was alive and rampant . . Mr Shabpb » Dd Mr Raskin argued that the address should be immediately issued . . Mr West said , that being desirous of unanimity , he would withdraw his amendment , in order that t& 8 address might be agreed to . The motioH that an address be issued to lfi « country was then carried . Mr T . Clark proposed a series of resolutions , pledging the people to use nothing but moral force , as instruotionB to the committee appointed to draw up the address . He knew the people of England we'l , at leaBt aa well , if not better than many ot those who made physical force speeches . Mr TTiunn « iv « R Raid , this motion was one OI greas
importance , because it waB perfectly well known ttias that was an illegal assembly . ( 'No . f ; J . ° ^ chairman . ) He repeated , that it was stated Iwaonw parlies tbat it was an illegal . ««« £ *' "y 5 ssssLffsass ^^ r SBSHSKife Sr-asSae dn ^ mfrit known as the People ' s Charter was a few dSofthe pSt& princes entertained by tt » AsMm bly , and that the Assembly recommended 1 m . tunTtrut * 3 »<* P ublic meetia 2 8 M the only mWSS
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, MAiJJlgjg ^ TH g KORTHERN STAB . __ --n ^^^ ,,. ^ . ^^^!^ 7 '"""""" I . n . iiim « iiiii » iii'i wi '!""''''" - * inii « riii | nM ¦¦ ¦«» ¦ " » " ¦ ' "' -- ~ " ~' " '" ¦¦ " ' ¦ ' ' * T' ti
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), May 6, 1848, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1469/page/7/
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