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Northern Star (1837-1852), 25th March 1848, Edition 1 of 3, Page 8, Untitled Article

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    • Frinted fey DOUGAL M'GOWAN, of 16, Great Windmill-
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      Untitled Article

      of barrel-organ , and ohorus of all ages , Berea , and MnditioEB , ar ^ whicb . is destined to lire in the annals of regenerated Italy . IKXO Dl GCERRA THE NEW ITALTAN ITALIAKO . MARSEILLAISE . GuerraJ Gaerra ! "War ! War ! Let the sfeout 5 uU' Italatsrra Ring throughout D- Tittoria t- ^ gtb and breadth Granflcziia il votillo . Of this land that is Italy ' s ! S del' angel Oar &i 8 < J oar dalb ea S le

      Di More lo EQuillo Shall flout 1 Che chi desta And death and the devil , All insnltn stranier . Iti fit allies ! Guerrs ! Gaerra ! For tha land of each Muss , Per l'ltala terra , Art , and Song ; F « t la madre For the old Sorgiamo o redenti . Brig ht abode of the happy Nine ; Oh ! ce " . pugao 'Wield the weapon ! Di liberti genti A < m 3 spring for tha gtrong Ogna rcnea While aa &ak cnflgtl E ua scciaro guerrier . Grows upon Aptuninc J

      H . " Tia le rose ! Lea > e to far lands Forti Itnle spnse , The weaving of garlands . Far' d ' infaniia i £ ssate Maids and wives E < l ' oltra ? g ! o . Of the land they would trample D ; lla terra che ecuote For ths bright classic brows II eerraggio 0 : Rome ' s maiden end spouse D gno serto ilia Donna Freedom's head-dress 33 il cimitr ! Is ornament ample ! Guerra 2 gnerra ! Bat if nee £ s be , ay , Well met Sulla' Itsla terra That brosr and a helmet . Di Titt < . ria Enlisted Grandezzia il vesillo , With legions of freemen , E del' angel de morte ; Palermo is won ! I < o squillo , Bat the deeds that were dona Che ci desti Tell the world All' insulto Etranier , What ' s the worth of our women

      III !«• P < : rs ! pEra ! Foreign feordes 1 or •' Q iell' orda straniera . ! And your swagger Che di prodi Ba our land , once for ay , 8 i Drama del smgus ! Disencumbered ! II ploral del Long arrears Lombsrdo che langus , Are still due to our dagger Sia di millo For the tears Vendetta il forier ! Of our brother the Lombardi Guerra ! gnerra I War ! war ! let the shout Per 1 'Icata terra , Bing throughout Per la mtdre" The expand of tha land Sorgiamo 0 ' . reflenS , Teat is Italy ' s I Ohnelpngno , Oar flag Bi libera gente ; Your dark esgle Bhall flout , Ogni ronca And death and tha devil , S nn gusrrier ! Its fit allies !

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      THE NATIONAL LAND PLAN . SPEECH OF F . O'CONNOR , ESQ ., M . P ., IS THE HOUSS OF COMMONS , OS THURSDAY , THE I 6 th OF MARCH . Fbiekdit Sockies . —Mr F- O'CossoB . in rising to m 9 Te for leave to bring in a bill to alter _ end amend the act of 9 and 10 Victoria , c . 27 , entitled , ' An Act to Amend the Laws Relating to Friendly Societies , ' said he wished to ask the right hoa . gentleman the Home Secretary , whether he had anyobjeofion to the introduction of this bill ? Sir G . Gbet said , he would consent to the introduction of the bill ifthehon . member would show EttScient ground for it .

      MrF . O'Coskok then e&id , that he did not wish to Introduce a new law , or to extend the present law to the prejudice of any existing companies , but on tho part of the working classes , who had been baulked of tha fruits of the various measures that had been passed for their benefit , hs asked far the consent of the honss to the introduction of this bill . Perhaps it might be imprudent to introduce r novel BUbject , the principle of which would require considerable develepement , at that late hour of the eight , and he mast , therefore , claim its indulgence while he stated sufficient ground ! for bringing in the bill , tearing to the bouse the power ta deal with the details in its fa * tare stage * . The Erst reading of the bill was looked nponr&ther &s matter of form , and ha trusted that the zeal of the advocate would not damage the interests ef his clients , as he candidly confessed his

      determination to leave nothing unexplained , but to develops all to the house . ( Hear , hear . ) He wu hippy to find the effect that petitions now had upon tho Goose of Common ? , as confessed by the Chancellor of the Exchequer , who , under their irfxolesome influence , had abandoned his badget ; and he would remind tha house that he ( Mr O'Connor ) had presented s petition , signed by 203 , 000 individual ? , in favour of his motion , and that several hon . members bad presented petitions from different societies of OH Fellows , and to the protection of which societies his ( Mr O'Connor ' s ) bill would extend . ( Hear , hear . ) The Land Plan , which he would presently submit to the house ,

      703 of a social character , bat did cot at all partake of the nature of Socialism or Communism . Jt meant individuality of possession and co-operation of labour —{ hear , hear )—and if he was asked to deSne the resnlts anticipated from the Plan , big answer wa «—• That , after a quarter of a century ' s continuous political agitation , he discovered that the working classes had been invariably used as tools to gain power for political leader 5 , who promised great social results as the fruit , which , however , they jserer received . ( Hear , hear . ) The people were alirays used for the benefit of thosa who professed to serve them , but always betrayed them . ( Hear , hear . ) He came , therefore , to the conclusion that from a good social state alone could a sound representative Eystem spring . ( Hear , hear . ) He would advert to the

      three great political triumphs of late years , and ha "would show that , although beneficial social results were promised , yet that additional political influence , conferred upoH the leaders , was all ( he people gained He would instance—firstly . Emancipation—and which , though of a religious character , promised great social bs asfits ; but which , however , was cirried by political influences , brought to bear on that house—( hear , hear)—and resulted in the purchase of emancipated leaders , and the further degradation of the people . ( Ilear . hear , aed cheers . ) Next cama Reform —with PEACE , RETRENCHMENT , and REFORM , as its motto . ( Laughter . ) Well , that was carried by political influences , erected by large social expectations . Next came Free Trade , with its fascinating motto—HIGH WAGES ,

      CHEAP BREAD , AND PLENTY TO DO . ( Hear , hear , and laughter . ) From these faots , he argned that no mere political change could be beneficial to the wqrkiBg classes , if not accompanied bj the great social principle , that every man who is willing to labour should have work found for him of tha most profitable and remunerating kiad—namely , oa the ? oil which . God created , and gvre to men to Kve upon in the sweat of his brow . ( Hear , hear . ) This was his Plan—ona which amply remunerated the industrious , and which would make idleness a &lm 3 . ( Hear , hear , ) rep , but give him the means of employing all for theirowa benefit , end he would consent to & Coercion Bill against willing idlers .

      ( Hear , hear . ) It w& 3 sn admitted fact , that the first duty of a government was to see to the proper cultivation and developement of the national resources . ( Hear , hear . ) And he ( Mr O'Connor ) contended , that the proper cultivation of the soil ef the eountry should be the primary consideration with all governments , while that employment was the only one at which man could apply his own labour for his own benefit ; in fact , the free labour field was the Eusfc in which the labourer could coin his sweat into exchangeable commodities , by the sale of which he 6 > old supply Jjimself-wltli the necessaries and even luxuries of life—si he ( Mr O'Connor ) contended that , above all men , the labourer was entitled to

      abundance , contentment , and plenty . ( Hear , hear . ) He also contended that every other class of society , whether commercial , trading , manufacturing , or Hhopkeeping , would ba materially benefited , that is , a well-paid domestic labour-class would bs better customers than a pauper colony—( hear , hear)—and the shopkeepers would ba the greatest gainers . He sra 3 sorry not toeee the hon . member for the Uni-Tersity ofOxfordin Displace , as he would have appealed to the religious feelings of that hon . gentleman , by reminding him that man was commanded to eat his bread ia the sweat of his brow . He would also appeal to the free trade party , a por ties of whosa doctrine was , that wken one channel of

      industry was closed , another was opened , as if by mane . ( Laughter . ) lie would also appeal to the Statute law , recently enacted by that house—and surely if religioa , political economy , and Btatutelaw iad all confirmed the principle he sought to establish , i lat Christian , economical , legislative assembly would auction , not only the first reading of his bill bnt would Tie in its completion ^ He had quoted scripture , he would now quotejpohtical economy , tfeat when one channel was closed against industry , others were opened . Tbiiwaa an absurd ' fallacy , however , which had gained some little strength by

      ite fact of the railway mama haying created a temporary market for the dismissed hands from other avocations ; but ¦« hat Be ( Mr O'Connor ) wished to establish was thenationa ' , and not the artificial , standard for tfi 3 regulation of wagas—( bear hear )—not only had thousands been dismissed , but the candle was burning at both ends , because other countries , grown Wl £ 9 in their generation , had repudiated reliance Tipon Ecg . aus , and were manufacturing for ftem « Betas . i Hw . hear . ) Now , add to these facts tha other great fact that machinery was being daily improTed , and that every improvement led to an exten-

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      sive dismissal of bands , then he ( Mr O'Connor ) was justified in demanding taut the natural channel should be opened for the employment of all who were disinherited from the artificial market —( hear , hear ) —and it would ba no answer to him , nor would the country receive it as an excuse , that the Company which be had founded lor the realisation of these ob jeets , did not ceme within the provision of anyexisting statute . No , he based hie claim upon higher and more legitimate grounds , upon the grounds that if the geniu ? , the enlightenment , and the sagacity of the age , propounded any plan fur the advancement of science , the cultivation of resources of the co"ntry - and the bestowal of reward for industry , that though there had previously existed no law to embrace auch a Bociety , that in such case it become the bsunden duty of the House of Commons to enact a new Jaw to embrace the new projectas it had enacted laws

      , for the protection of trade , for the protection of railway speculators , Joint Stock Companies , and other societies . ( Hear , hear . ) This was the grounds for his claim for legal protection to tbe Lsnd Company , even if Mich a project did not como within the provisions of the statute law ; and be trusted that the impression would not be albwed fcj go abroad , that there waa only prut < ction ia tbat house for the property of the rich , and that the spirit of the law was extended to tho preeervation of their properties , privileges , and institutions ; while the black letter of the law wa ^ stamped upon the undertakings of the posr , which had for their object protection for the pence rescued from the gin palace and beer shop , when a profitable market for their savings was opened —( hear , hear)—but , as he would presently ehow , the law as it nuw stood , was intended to embrace the Land Company

      and Odd Fe'lows Seciety , had it not been lor a capricious construction pufc upon the words ejusdem generit , ' bj Mr Justice Wightman , and a quibble founded upon that Judgment by the Attorney General . But to this branch of the subject he would come presently , and having dispesed of the question of religion and free trade , he would to ^ v come to the question of statute law . It would be in the recollection of the house that the Gregory clause in the Poor Relief Bill ( Ireland ) , declared that a . quarter of an acre of land was sufficient for the maintenance of a labouring man and his family . ( Hear , hear , and a sneer from Mr Morgan John O'ConnellJ The hon . member for Kerry cheers sneeringly , but will that cheer alter the law , and will he tell me that any man is entitled to relief who

      i 3 in possession of a quarter an acre of land ? ( cheers ) —or perhaps he may tell me with his UBual sentimentality that that amount ia intended as a daisy bed , or a flower garden . ( Cheers and laughter ) However , such i 3 the law—such are its results , and as such I adopt it as confirmation of the fact tbat this house in its wisdom has declared that a quarter of an acre of ground is ample for the sustenance of a man and his family , and I use this argument to meet the out door opposition of the gentlemen opposite of the economical school of Manchester—( laughter ) —who , in their ignorance of the capabilities of the soil , have spurned the idea of a msu aud his family living upon the produce of two , three , or even four acres ot land ; but , throwing the quarter « acre statute over board , he would take a ttill bolder position , and

      say , whether it be two acres or ten , ho had established the principle , and let quantity be one of the details . ( Cheers . ) Then the onus would lie upon tke free traders to declare what was the minimum , and the onaB would lie upon him ( Mr O'Connor ) and the working classes to secure thab amount for all who preferred the natural state of freedom to an artificial state of slavery , and he would remind the free trade party that a material item of the free trade principle was , that one could produce as much as three could consume . ( Hear , hear . ) And he ( Mr O'Coanor ) contended that ho man who had ever been born could cultivate one acre to its higheBt state of perfection , and the free trade school should bear in mind , that one of their greatest complaints formerly was , the necessity of exporting their goods

      in an unfinished state . ( Hear , hear . ) Then if the manufacturers of cotton , of wool , and of flax suffered damage by not being able to Becure the profit arising from the perfection of their work , is it not self , evident that land is a ? much a raw material as cotton , wool , or Sax , and thai its imperfect manufacture ia equally a loss to the manufacturer ? ( Cheers . ) He would now call the attention of the landlords to a startling fact , it was this—he would ask them to travel north , south , east , or west , and point out to him fifty or even ten acres of land in all England lying together , cultivated so as to yield one third of what it is capable of producing . ( Hear , hear . ) Well , then , if tbat is an admitted fact , and if that anomaly has compelled us to pay thirty-three millions to other countries in sixteen months for corn that we might

      profitably have produced at home —( hear , hear , and cheers)—will the landlords of this country , who should be the natural patrons of their natural clients , not only consent to a continuance of this etate of things , but will they also consent to the payment of over six millions a jear in poor rates , to give patronage to a government and to keep up an idle reserve of system-made paupers for capitalists to fall back upon as a means of balancing losses by reductions in wages , ( Cheers . ) Yes , that was the question for them to consider , and for the government to consider , as the people had now made up their minds upon the subject . Let no jacobin cry be raised agaisst this plan ; it embraces Whigs , Tor ies , Chartists and Radicals , and all who wished to bs independent ; and their object was honourably to

      purchase the land in the free trade market and not to gtea ! it , but on the contrary , as he would presently show , to open a , large retail market wherein the value of the laad , to meet the necessities of the times , would be considerably enhanced in value . ( Hear , hear . ) He would prove that the large farmer , who paid five shillings an acre too much for a thousand acres of land thereby lost £ 250 . a year , or four per cent , upon £ 6 , 250 . of his capital , while five shillings an acre , ten shillings an acre , or even £ 1 . an acre for two , three , or four acres , upon which a man codld employ his own industry , and never be idle , was matter of comparative insignificance . ( Hear , hear . ) He would explain the difference between the

      wholesale and retail value of land . He had bought land , wholesale , for £ 30 . an acre , and had sold it , retail , for £ 67 . 10 a . ( Hear , hear , and laughter from Dr Bowring . ) The hon . member for Bolton cheers and laughs , but waa he aware that the profit went into the exchequer of the company ; the purchaser was not a member of the company , and had refused double the amount for his purchase , and , now would the learned gentleman tell him whether any portion of the profits made by manufacturers , out of reduced wages , wasdevetedtoa fund for tbe support or protection of the labourer . ( Cheers and laughter . ) He would now explain the principle of his plan . Every man who subscribed £ 2 . 12 s . was entitled to two

      acres of land , with a good esttage built in the centre of it , and £ 15 . capital to commence ; every man who subscribed £ 3 . 18 s . was entitled to three acres , the same description of cottage and £ 22 . 10 s . capital ; and the member who subscribed £ 5 . 4 s . was entitled to four acres of gland , a similar description of cottage and £ 39 . capital , and the occupants were selected from the paid up shareholders bylballot . ( Hear , hear , from Sir George Grey . ) Yes , the right hon . baronet may cheer , in the belief that this mode of selection weuld bring the Company within the category of lotteries , but he would answer this objection at once . The objection would be , that the contingency whereof the concurrence ia susceptible of calculation by way of average was repugnant to the words ' ejusdem gentris' but he ( Mr O'Connor ) would

      prove to demonstration that the contingency was better susceptible to calculation by way of average , as regards the Land Company , than aa ' regards any other cempany in existence . How were your tables , calculating those contingencies , made out ? Why , by actuaries , whose tables in every insarance '' company differed . ( Hear , hear , and laughter . ) Would the tables of any life assurance company be calculated to meet deaths in Ireland last year , or to meet deaths in England within the last sis months ? But he would place this question gimply upon its own merits , and here he wonld complete his answer to the hon . member fsr Bolton . That hon . gentleman may not be able to buy a hogshead of sugar in the wholesale market , but he would have no objection to give any price for as much as would sweeten hia tea , in the

      retail market . ( Laughter . ) Well , when the grocer bad disposed of the hosshead in pounds and ounces , he bought anotter hogshead in the wholesale market , and so with the land . If we chose to buy ia the wholesale market , to subdivide , give permanent titles and sell again in the wholesale market , the occurrence , I contend for it , is more susceptible of calculation by way of average than any concurrence or contingency attempted to be calculated by any standard or table , adopted by actuaries as the rule of their calculation .. ( Hear , hear , and cheers ) Perhaps I may be told , however , by political economists , that the application of labour deteriorates the value of land , and if I am met with that absurdity , I shall ask if it does deteriorate the value of cotton —( hear , hear)—and if I am told that the manufacturers can buy the raw materialmanufacture it—sell it—and buy mere raw material , then I say that I can buy the land—manufacture it —Bell it—and buy more raw material , ( hear , hear , )

      thu 3 proving that the results are better susceptible of calculation than those guessed at by any other cempany . I am not silly enough to suppose that £ 5 43 . will buy four acres of land , build a house , and give a man £ 30 ; neither am 1 silly enough to believe that five-pence , the price of a pound of sugar , will buy a b . 9 g 3 head ; but I do believe and assert , that if / the same amonnt of property were sold , that it would realise more than had been originally given for it , in consequence oF the great demand for land consequent upon the increase of population and the increase and improvements in machinery . ( Hear h -ar . ) And such was the desire to possess a free labour-field by shopkeepers and others , who were feeling the pressure of the times , that £ 60 bonu 3 above the rent , and all liabilities , had been refused for a twe-acre sl . ' ofmenfc . £ 100 for three acre 8 , and £ 109 for four acres . ( Hear , hear , ) He had located thirtv-5 ye families in Hertfordshire , last May ; fortyfire families in Worcestershire ; and would locate eighty families in Ox&tlsbirein . the present month :

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      and if honourable gentlemen will be kind enough to visit those locations , he would show them a Wilderness turned into a Paradise . Let him now give them an analysis of the law as regards the present Land Company . It ii within the ipirlt and abject of the Friendl y Society Acts , which were intended to give facilities and ndvfin tnges to poor perBon 9 associating together , to provide by their joint contributions for the contingencies of life . The existing Acts are 10 Geo . i . c . 66 : i and S W . 4 , c . « ; and 9 and 10 Vic . e . 27 : The object for which FriendlySocletlea might beformed under 10 Geo . 4 , were extended by 4 and 5 W . 4 , and again professedly bo by 9 and 10 Vic .

      By i and 5 W . 4 , s . 2 , they might be formed for mutual relief and maintenance of the members in sickness , ago , or any other natural Btate or contingency , whereof tbo occurrence is susceptible of calculation bj way of average , or for any other purpose tcMoJi is not illegal . One would have thought these were large enough to include the Land Company . Counsel were ef opinion that they were ; Mr Tidd Pratt ' s own impression was , that such Company might be enrolled , but he felt bound by a decision of Mr Justice Wightman , that the words' other purpose wbicJi is not illegal , ' must betaken to mean a purpose of the same kind , or ' ejusdem generis , ' as those before enumerated , viz ., ' rslief and maintenance in sickness , and age , or other natural contingency susceptible of calculation by way of average , ' and Mr T . Pratt did not appear to think that the Land Company came within auch purpose , though it ! certainly borders closely upon it . being to

      provide a maintenance for persons , and to endeavour to guard against tho casualties of life . The Act of W . 4 . was intended to include all legal societies , and this is such a one ; Lord Clarendon ' s is similar to it . The 3 ana 10 Vic . c . 27 , 6 , 8 , repeals 60 much of these nets as specifies the purposes , and by s . 1 , professes to define more specifically the purposes for whtehFriendly Societies may be formed . One of these is ' For the frugal investment of the savings of the members , for better enabling them to purchase food , firing , clothes , or other necessaries , or the tools or implements of their trade or calling , for the education oi their children or kindred , with or without the assistance of charitable donations ; pro-Tided always , that the shares in any such investment foeietj shall not be transferable , and that the investment of each member shall accumulate or be employed for the sole benefit of the member investing , or tho husband , wife , children , or kindred of such member , nnd that no part thereof shall be appropriated to the relief , maintenance , or endowment of any other person whomsoever , and that the full amount of the balance due , according to the

      rules of such society , to such memtier , shall be paid te him or her on withdrawing from the society , ana that no « ueh last mentioned society shall oe entitled or allowed to ' invest its funds , or any part thereof , with the Commissioners for tho reduction of the National Debt . ' And another is— ' For any other purpose which shall be certi-Aed to be legal in England or Ireland , by her Majesty ' s Attorney or Solicitor-General , and in Scotland by tue Lord Advocate , and which shall be allowed by one of h « r Majesty ' s principal Secretaries of State , as ii purpose to which the powers and facilities of tbe said Acts ought to be extended , provided that the amonnt of tiio sum or value of the benefit to be assured to any member or any person claiming by , or through , him or her , by any bo . ciety , for any purpose eo certified and allowed as hereinbefore mentioned , shall not exceed in the whole . £ 200 , and that this limitation ebsll be inserted in the rules of every society established for any purpose s certified and allowed , and that no such last mentioned society shall be entitled or allowed to invest its funds , or any part thereof , with the Commissioners for the Reduction of tho National Debt . '

      II . —Among the benefitB " derived from a Friendly Society being enrolled , are—1 . The rulos are binding , and may be legally enforced . 3 . Protection is given to the members in enforcing their just claims , and against any fraudulent dissolution of the society . 8 . The property of the society is declared to be Tested in the Trustee , or Treasurer for the time being , who may sue and be sued iu his own name with respect to such property . 4 . Fraud committed with respect to property ot tbe society is punishable by justices . 5 . Application may be made to Court of Chancery , by petition , free from payment of Court or Counsel ' s Fees . 6 . Disputes may be settled by arbitration . 7 . They have _ the power to invest their funds , to any amount , in Savings' Banks . 8 . Members are allowed to be witnesses in all proceedings respecting property of the society . 9 . All documents are exempted fr * m stamp duty ( except Assurance on Life to an amount exceeding £ 200 ) .

      III . —Now a Company not enrolled under these Acts is not only deprived of these advantages , but is brought within the disadvantages , expenses , and endless delay and trouble imposed by the Joint-Stock Companies' Act , 7 and 8 Vic , c . 10 . By a . 2 of that Act , Friendly Societies enrolled are excepted from its operation . Under that Actreturnshavetobe continually made andregis . tered , deeds prspared and executed , and signed by at least one-fourth of the subscribers ( see b . 7 ) inthiBcase . Persons living at great distances ; penalties are threatened for every omission and delay . The machinery created under that statute , and for the purpose of carrying out its provisions .

      Now , from this snalyefe of the law , it is beyond dispute that the professed object of the 9 th and 10 th of Victoria was to extend the Friendly Societies Act , whereas , iby ajwhimsical construction of two words by a Judge , and a quibble of the Attorney-General , this statute had been converted into a disabling statute ; and the law , instead of being extended , had been contracted . Nott , he contended that tho words' ejusdem gtneris , ' or ' of a ' similar nature , ' had nothing whatever to do with the case ; and what he contended was , that the term ' or for any other purpose that is not illegal , ' being in the disjunctive , and sot in the copulatiTC , gires two distinct definitions of the law ; and if he was met with the quibble of ejiisdem generis , ' he would answer quibble with law , or—mind or , —any

      other purpose that is not illegal , Now he challenged the law officers of the Crown te prove to tho plain common sense of maD , that tbe term' or any other purpose that is not illegal , ' does not clearly and distinctly show that these two terms hare two distinct and signifieaDt meanings , and that the statute inferred the enrolment of any company established for purposes not illegal —( hear , bear)—and he was sure that the gentlemen of tbat house would not consider it illegal to place the industrious man in a situation to live in the sweat of his own brow . ( Hear , hear . ) He waa no theorist upon this subject , he had tried spade husbandry to s considerable extent in his own country . Mr Morgan John O'Connell : Where ? Mr O'Connor : Why in Ireland , of course Mr Morgan John O'Connell : Where ?

      Mr O'Connor : In the county of Cork , within nine miles of Bandon , seven of Clanskilty , four of Dunmanway , two of Enniskean , and one of Bellyneen . ( Cheers and tremendous laughter . ) Whai , does the honourable member for Kerry suppose that no man in Ireland ha 3 land but himself ? or does he imagiee , according to ancient geography , that Ireland is still in the county of Kerry , and not the county of Kerry in Ireland ? ( Renewed laughter . ) He requested the honourable gentleman would not again interrupt him , but that he would answer him , if he could . And he would give him another hint , it was to suspend his opposition until he knew how the government would vote , as otherwise he might place himself in an awkward dilemma . Mr O'Connor ' proceeded to say , that he had employed from 130 to 160 men in Ireland , and the result had prored to him that

      man was- born with propensities which may be nourished into virtues or thwarted into rices , according to his training ; and he had never known & man who was earning a poor pittance of 8 d , aday , charged with any violation of the law before a magistratethus proving that idleness is tbe parent of crime , and that dasH-made law is the creator of idleness . ( Hear , hear . ) He would now prove the value of the Land Plan , of which he was the propounder aad founder , and the full developement of which was dearer to him than hfe itself , and which he bad sworn should overeomeevervlegalquirkorobstaelelhatmightbe thrown in its way . To the realisation of hope arising from tho fall developementof this plan wa 3 te be attributed the present calm in the publio mind , in the midst of the greatest suffering and tho moat saddening events ; and God forbid that he should live to see it—the cup

      of hope dashed from Labour ' s lip , when Labour was preparing to purchase its freedom without trenching upon the property , the rights , or privileges of any etberclass . ( Hear , hear . ) His principle was not to cause an antagonist war of classes , bat it was to make the rich richer , and the poor rich , by opening Nature ' s bosom to all , and by throwing the idle of all classes upon their own resources . ( Loud chears . ) Would the Whigs deny their own maxim , that labour is the source ef all wealth ? Will philosophers deny tbat the first duty of a government is to cultivate ; the national resources nor will the Christian deny that the husbandman is to be tbe first partaker ? And yet , in denial of thoue sacred rules and maxima , he asserted , without fear of contradiotion , that the trading classes of this country would rather share amongst themselves two hundred millions a year , realised out of tares hundred millions a year made of the cultivation of our national resources , than receive a fraction less out of a

      thousand millions a year ot wbich the preducer should have hia just , hi 8 equitable , and legitimate share . ( Cheers . ) Let any man who professed to doubt the value of the Small Farm system , go to Belgium ; there the man occupying less than two aores never required relief for himself or his family ; there the usual lease was for nine years at the enormoHS rent of £ 4 and £ 5 an acre , yet during that period of occupation the industrious man waa enabled to give from his savings £ 200 and £ 300 a bundle , which is an acre and a quarter of our measure . The soil o £ Belgium is not half aa good as ours ; the climate is not better ; nor would any man tell me that the people are more nduatrious , if equal inducement to labour is afforded them ; ( Hear , hear . ) And then our plan has this advantage , that every husbandman ' s house is placed in the centre oi' his allotment , while the Belgian , in the majority of cases , lives at a considerable distance from his labour-fie ^ d , the disadvantage of which he would prove thus : —he asserted that the small

      occupant living in the centre of hia allotment , would perform rdore work with two wheelbarrows , and a lad fourteen years of age , than a farmer cultivating 500 acres of land will perform in the same time , at an average distance from the homestead , with six men and four horses . ( Ilear , hear . ) Now if the economising of labour in the production of food was an item in the account of the free trader , there it was . There was another important feature in this plan ; it was this—that hi the centre of eaoh location there waa erected a splendid school-houae , with a spacious room at one end for the males , and a spacious room at tbe other en < l for the females , with a respeotable and commodious house in the centre —( hear , hear ) apd where the industrious occupants would proudly give their children a respectable education , independently of the government or taxation . And he ( Mr O'Connor ) hadalwaya fsjt convinced , that more

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      ( rood was to be done by an extended system of local representation than by that system of centralisation of which that house was the typo and lmperBomfica . tion . ( Hear , hear , and cheers . ) He would now eome to the question of morality ; and he asserted with pride and with pleasure , that when the path to virtue was opened to tho poor there iraa no more virtuous class of society —( hear , aear ) -but when it was closed aga nsfc them they became viciouB-not by nature—but by neglect . ( Hear , ; hear . ) And although many ef the occupants , thrown promiscuously together by his plan , may have been vicious individuals frem oppression and bad training , yet , the moment the came under the influences ol better feelingsbased upon self-reliance to be realised

      , by self-industry , they became converted , as if by magic , and he challenged comparison between these who had been located and any other class of society . ( Hear , hear . ) Then as to Banitary reform , let them eee the emaciated slave , the pallid woman , and stunted children , looking more like ghosts than human beings , that he ( Mr O'Coanor ) had snatched from the unhealthy Janes and contagious alleys , from the pest house and the sweating shop , and the blush of healthy ' yeuih upon their face ? would bespeak tbe difference between a natural and an artifioial life . That was the sanitary reform he lookec for , better , far better , than any government Could realise . ( Hear , hear . ) Then , as to the indirect influence of this plan upon the labour market ,

      let him state that he was directly employing 1000 hands , and with one exception he had never heard a complaint of any of J those men , nor had he , exoapt in one instance , seen a drunken man , and that man he discharged ; and in the course of the summer lie hoped to give employment to 10 , 000 hands . ( Hear , hear . ) And it was his greatest de light , that however strong the prejudices of the farmers and neighbours were to the plan for the quartering of las ; , infidel , pauper Chartist robbers ; that in every instance , as they became [ better acquainted , theyjbecame warm advocates of tbe system . ( Hear , hear . ) When he went to Worcestershire , some of the malcontents wrote to Lord Beauchamp , telling him that if he would not aliow me ,, to draw

      sand from hiseBtate , I could not proceed with the work , but that truly noble Englishman replied , ' I will not be hounded at a stranger ; if the plan is bad it will burn itself out , if it is good , it ought to sue ceed . ' ( Hear , hear , and cheers . J Well , did that teach the working people to despise true nobility . ( Hear , hear . ) No , but on the contrary , evwy man on the estate respects and honours tbe gentleman and nobleman . Let them now consider the great praotiail advantages to be derived from this plan . It is an admitted fact , that while all other sciences have been progressing with giant speed , the science of agriculture haa been moving with limp and bnlt step ; that the son followed in the wajce of the clod pole father , and the father is attached to the system ef

      his ancestors . No new science was introduced—no impetus was given by . agriculture , until he ( Mr O ' Connor ) had introduced the new mechanical eenius to the assistance of agricultural science , anc he was now receiving communications every day of new inventions to be applied to agricultural purposes , thus making machinery man's friend instead of his enemy . ( Hear , hear . ) Now , such were some , but not all , the advantages of the Land Flan ; and be would now call the attention of tbe house to * the objections that would be probably urged against it , and he would , firstly , instance the small holdings in Ireland . ( Hear , hear . ) Well , he was prepared to show , that it was insecurity of tenure , and not the subdivision of land , ( hat led to Irish distress ;

      because , having no certainty of tenure , the mement the cottier tenant improved his land that moment the tyrant landlord lusted for the profit created by bis labour , and ousted him , or raised his rent—thus making industry a tax , and idleness a virtue . ( Hear , hear . ) The next objection that he anticipated waa , that it would lead to the squatting system ^ Well his answer to that was complete and conclusive . In his bill in committee the house . ' may introduce a clause against the subdivision ef allotments . ( Hear , hear , and cheers . ) And now let him test tbe nation ' s power to apply the nation ' s wealth to the , cultivation of the nation ' s natural resources . Population is increasing , and emigration is advocated as a corrective ; but will the house longer advocate the

      transportation oi its substantial wealth when hon . gentleman are acquainted with the startling fact , that in England , Scotland , and Wales , we have 60 , 000 , 000 acres ^ of land in a Btate of sterility and barrenness , with a starving people , crowded pauper-houges , de . caying trade , universal disquietude , financial convulsion , consequent upon the abstraction of our money from industrial pursuits , the making good a deficiency in our own produce by importations from abroad , which [ migbt have been profitably supplied by the application of domestic industry to the cultiva . tion of our national resources . ( Hear , hear . ) Here was a dreadful lesson for the unwilling idler to leara ; that three million acres of land , at three acres toa family , would locate one million system-made paupers—that is , at five to a family , the twentieth part of the land of this country would give employment , directly , to five millions , or nearly one-third of your

      population , and , indirectly , by the production of cheap food , and tbe consumption of manufactured articles would set all the springs of industry &t work . ( Hear , hear . ) Well , but let the landlords always bear in mind that they looked to the Poor Law Amendment Act as tho means of clearing their estatea ; but they have now found , ( hat aa soon as the manufacturers have squeezed the life ' s blood out of the paupers , they send them back , to live as a burden upon the poor rates ; therefore , the landlords , who should have been tha natural patrons of the poor , were not blameless ; but he hoped they would profit by the past , and try to wed the people to them in future . ( Hear , hear . ) Another flimsy objection was , tbat the locations could not always be near market towns ; but these paltry objections were invariably made by these whojived uponthe . degradation of the labourer , and his answer was , that all would be nearer a market town than the interior of

      America , Holland , Russia , or Germany , was to MarioIano . ( Cheers , and laughter . ) Aad that & cabbie , ft carrot , a parsnip , and potato , which were vegetables in Covent-garden market , were beef , mutton , veal , pork , bacon , poultry , milk , and butter , & hundred miles from a retail market ; and which at a trifling expense , and not more than three or four times a year , may be conveyed in that state to the wholesale market . But there waa one important market , the nearest , for which free traders'expressed great sympathy , but of which they now appeared to lose sight—he meant this market ( patting his hand upon his stomach)—he meant homecomsutnption . ( Cheers . ) In a recent debate , the hon . member for Oxford * shire ( Mr Hindley ) , than whose opinion for found

      rational sense , no hon . member ' s would go farther with the house , or with him , ( Mr O'Connor )—( hear , hesr )—that hon . gentleman said— that all thought of the labourer , whose comfort should be the first consideration , wag wholly lost sight of . ' If the house should refuse his present ? application , he would repeat it again , and again , and again , as he stood in tho novel position of coming to the House of Commons for the protection of tbe law for those who confided in him , so that if he violated tbe law , nnd broke that charm which bound him to the people , he should be amenable to the law . He could enforce complete registration , but the process was too cumbrous and expensive , having already cost tbe Company between £ 2 , 000 aud £ 3 . 000 ; and even when completed , it would aotguarantee the same

      exemption from stamp duty and other legal impositions that enrolment would guarantee . Thanking the house for its toleration and great indulgence for that long period of time which it naturally required to develops so large and bo new a project , and having sworn to risk all—life itself , if necessary—in the advancement of so holy & project , he weuld sum ap in one sentence the object that he had in view ; it was that the capitalist , who speculated in labour , Bhould hire it in the free labour market ) and not in thebastile , the market place , the pest house , or the house of call tor the destitute . Man , if he couJd accomplish it . should be free , and tho rich Bhould be richer and the poor should be rich ; idleness should bsa crime , and the labourer should reap the reward of his own industry . ( Hear , hear , and cheers . )

      MONDAY , Mabch 20 . HOUSE Or 1 ORDS , —The only buaineso dons by ( heir lordships was to rots a ' congratulatory address to the Qu 9 en on the birth of a daughter . Viscount Habdinqe , the late govornor of India , took bis seat for the first time as a peer , HOUSE OF COMMONS , —The bouse on tbe motion of Lord J . Rdsbell seconded by Sir R . Peei , voted a similar address of congratulation , Mr Wkiohtbon , from tbe Bawdley Election Commit , tee , reported that Mr T . J . Ireland , had not been duly returned , and that the election was void . LordH . Vane also , fcom tke Dundalk committee , reported tbat Mr M'Tavhh had not bean duly elected , and tbat tbe committee had seated MrT , M'Cullagh , Mr M'Tavieh ' s opponent in tho late election , on a scrutiny .

      Sir W , Cl * t , dissatisfied with a repl y from Sir 0 , Q rey , in reference to the state of tho law on tho subject of window-breaking duriag the late diBturbances , inti . mated hia intention of bringing in a bill for its amend , ment on an early day . The L 3 ED Advocate , in reply to Mr Cow 4 W , stated that he should as soon as the etate of public business permitted , bring in a bill to alter the existing law wkich required that all the professors at the universities ia Sootlaad 6 hould be members of the established church of that country .

      Lord J . Russell , in answer to Mr Home replied , that BO long as any inquiries were pending , appointments to public situations ought to be , and would be made , aubject to any provinlona which parliament might make for the reduction of salaries attaching to them . But ha presumed , in cases where gentlemen gave up prlvateprofetsional purjuits , or other situations of emolument , to hold office that due consideration would be paid to such casor , On the motion that the report of committee of Ways and Means on the Iecome Tax be received ,

      Mr M'Gbeoor moved ' that It ia just and expedient io extend to . Ireland durlDg the two years ending tho 5 th of April , 1851 , tbe same rates of income tax , excise duties , window . duties , and other assessed taxes , which hall be at the same . time levied in Great Britain . '

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      Mr Gouibpbh interposed 4 o order , ao a motion of is description could only be brought forward in a com . ittee ef the whole house . The motion waa then withdrawn , and « farther discussion on the income tax ensued , at the termination of which tha report was received , and a bill founded there-« n was ordered to be brought in , The house tb « n went into Committee of Supp ly . Mr Wjbd then proposed a rote of £ 1 , 425 , 308 to defray tho expense of employing , during the ensuing year , a nsval fores ef 43 , 000 men , and in so doing entered into a lengthened defence of these estimates , He concluded by announcing a prospective saving of £ 606 , 853 for tne years 1810 and 1850 , and by placing a memorandum of a resolution ia the hands of the chairman in the committee wbich referred to the wages vote , and not to ene for the number of men , upon which Mr Hche interposed , saying that it was necessary the latter should be agreed te before the former could be put .

      A sceno of some excitement ensued as to the usual course of procetdiag , Mr Waed alleging that the num . ber of men was determined by the royal prerogative , and was not put aa a vote In the cemmittee ; which excite , ment was sot lessened by the hon . gentlemen's intimation that the wrong resolutions had bsen sent him . As a Bpecimen of the readiness with wbich Whig officials can vam up a ' constitutional' argument , whloh in other plain words is a lie , we give this inetructive bit of the debate in full : — - The Chairman waB about to put the question , ' That a gum not exceeding £ , 528 , 000 be granted , when ho was interrupted by

      Mr Hohe , who objeoted to the question being put . It had been understood that no money was to be voted until the committee had reported . He bad no objection to a rote being taken for the number of men , in order that ( he government migbc . bring in the Mutiny Bill , but he did object to voting money , as it would be , in fact , a breach of faith . Mr Wabd said that he did not propose to take more than tbat vote on account , but he did not know of any oth « r nay in which the number of men could be brought before tbe committee tben by voting a part of the sum required . The number of men wa » a question of prero « gative . Tbe Chancellor of the Ezcqeqetea said , ( hat ( a the oase of the navy there was no distinct and separate vote for tho number of men ; while in the casa of tha army the , firet vote in the estimates was for the number , and tho way proposed was the snly ona that could bs adopted .

      Mr Uvuz wanted to know , then , bow he was to effcot his object of reduction ? He did not care about the form . The CnAKCtixoR of the Excheqoeb . —The usual form was to move for a reduction , in the amount of money . Mr Gladstone referred to the resolutions of last year , and showed that a distinct vote had been taken on the number of men , in which he was supported by Sir Jakes Gbaiuh and Mr Coekt . Mr Wabd ( who then handed a vote to the chairman with reference to the number of men ) Bald that the mis take bad originated entirely in an errer on his part . He bad prepared tbe resolution , bnt , by an oversight , the wrong one had been first proposed , ( A laugh . )

      The Earl of Lincoln hoped the Secretory to the Admi . ralty and the Chancellor of the Exchequer would sow withdraw the novel doctrine they had promulgated , tbat tbe number of men wa 6 determined by tbe prerogative of theCrewn . ( Laughter . ) Mr Wabd . —Ob , yes , it was quite wrong . ( Laughter . ) Mr Disbaelt . —Then , what became of the ingenious argument of the right hon , gentleman the Chancellor of the Exchequer , which , no doubt , had such on tffeci upon the house f ( Renewed laughter . ) At length Mr Hdme moved that the number of seamen , bojs , and marines , which stands in the estimates at 43 , 009 be roduced to 36 , 000 , when tbe debatee proceeded without further interruption ,

      Sir J . flniBiH , after defending the economical arrungementB he had cairied into effect when he presided over the Admiralty in 1835 , and noticing florae points In Mr Ward ' s speech , explained the reasons which induced him te support the proposed vote . He described the causes which rendered a large standing army do necessary to France that it could be no just source of je » - louBy to England , and which required England , on tb « other hand , to keep up an efficient navy , and after briefly recounting the occasions of difference between the twe

      countries which bad occurred within the last few years , aud adverting to the great increase of tho French navy , which—as France had no distant colonies or extensive trade to protect—was purely aa offensive force , arrived at the conclusion that the gavernment would have neglected its dutj if it had not made such preparations as would place the country bejond the danger of invasion . He suggested , howtver , the possibility of reducing expense without impairing efficiency , pointing especially to the civil service of the navy and the disposition of the African squadroa .

      Mr Cobden denied that there was any danger to be apprehended , eitbtr national or dynastic , rrbich would jastify an increase of the estimates , or that any naval force was necessary to protect our commerce either from piracy or aggression , France and England each kept on increasing tlnlr forces oaly from want of an Haderitanding , wbich would have bsen made long ago had there been any real desire to reduce expenditure . He repeated all that be said at Manchester about our fleets ot Malta and the Tsgus ; and denied that the house bad any right to tax the artisans to maintain so useless an expenditure . If the rich feared invasion let them pay for protect ]« n . He attributed the Jate revolutions in Europe principally to tho embarrassment caused by the support of extravagant CBtftWlshmentB , and urged that tbe best preparation against an invasion , of wbich no one was thinking but ourselves , was to bo found in en increase in the comforts of our poor rather than in an Increase in the number of our milors .

      Lord Palheestoh defended the principle on which our naval force was maintained in a certain proportion to that of Franoe and the other great natal Fowere , and controverted tbe position of Mr Cobden tbat commerce required no protection , which , if fairly carried out , would prove that [ neither soldiers nor even police were necessary . He ridiculed Mr Cobden ' s notion tbat , becausa the artisan and the ploughman had no fear of ifivasiou , no invasion need ba provided against , and urged that with a future big with uncertainty no rational man would wish to reduce our force . Weakness induced war , but he assured tke house that all tho power which England could exert should be uied to secure for her the inestimable adraBtogeB of peace . Mr BaiQHT opposed Lord Palmerston ' s views .

      The other speakers id favour of the number of 43 , 009 , as proposed in tbe estimates were Mr Cosbt , JJr C . Broce , Mr CoenBAHE , Lord Sethous , Lord iNemnix , Admiral Dundas , Col . Tints , Sir H . Tkhbt , and Mr Dkuhuohd . The committee at length divided , when Mr Hume's amendment was defeated by a majority of 309—the num bers 317 to 38 . The bouse having resumed , Mr Waltoie moved tbe further consideration of the Election Recognisances Bill , but the motion being strongly opposed , tbe hon . member withdrew it , end the house adjourned at ft quarter past ons o ' clock .

      TUESDAY , Maech 21 . HOUSE OF LORDS . —The Administration of Oaths ( Court of Chancery ) Bill was rend a second time . Tho Encumbered Estates ( Ireland ) , and tho Audit of Railway Accounts Bills passed through committee . On tha motion of the Earl of Eglintoh , tho protest agaiast the vote of a per bob claiming that right , for representative peers for Scotland , under the title of Lord Colville of Ochlltree , was ordered to be taken into consideration ou the 8 th of April , and . their lordships adjourned at six o ' clook . HOVSE OF COMMONS . — The second reading of the Exeter and Cowley Bridge Junction Railway Bill was carried by a majority of £ 2 , the numbers , 108 to SG ; and the same stage of tbe Great Northera Kailway Deviation Bill was negatived by a majority of Hi , the numbers . 176 to 32 .

      Mr R . Palmes , from the Aylesbury election committee , reported that Lord Nugent had , but that Mr J . P . Deerbg had not , been duly elected for that borough . Mr Mackehsik moved a new writ for Bewdley , but after eome conversation , as to the system of treating which had pisvailed , the motion was withdrawn . Mr Hindlit gave notice of . his intention te direct attention to the state of the industrious classes . Dr Bowbikq gave notice of a motion , the effect of wbich would be to place tbe whole of the national in . came under tbe control of tbe House of Coramona . Mr Hume gave notice tbat , on the ^ second reading of the Income Tas Bill , he would move that it be referred to a seleot committee . To a question from Mr B , Cocbbane ,

      Lord PALMEBSTcm said heshad receivedjio information confirmatory of the report that it was by the desire of the Provisional Government of Prance that EBgliBhserr vants were turned out of employment . In reply to Lord Duncan , Lord Moepeth stated that the commissioners ap . pointed to superintend the building of tho new Housss of Parliament mre Lord dc Grex , Mr Gbebnb , M . F ., and Sir J . Bukqotne . The Ex-Roial Family of Fbance in England . — Mr F , Charteris wished to ask the noble lord , the Foreign Secretary , whether his attention had been drawn

      to a paragraph which had appeared in both the Freuoh and English papers calculated to make an unfavourable impression on tbo publio mind , —that Lord Norxanby had , by instructions from toe Foreign-office , waited upon M . Lamartine to apologise for tbiB country having afforded an asylum to tbe Royal family of France . He fait that it was highly advisable that the noble lord should have an opportunity of contradicting a statement which , unless contradicted , must be most prejudicial to the honour , dignity , and character of England , whose just pride it bad always been to afford an asylum to uufortunate exiles from other countries .

      Lord FaIiMEbston , —There is no foundation for any statement that any communication of the kind to which the hon . gentleman has alluded , or of any kind , has taken plncebetweon her Majesty ' s government and Lord Normnnby with regard to that Itoyal family ef France . It is true , bovrevsr , that Lord Normanby did convey in a private letter to meaet&tcmcnt tbat a good deal of mij . apprehension and jealousy « as likely to arise on the part of persona in France ia regard to tbo reception wbich might be given in thie country , not to tbe Boya family , but to the MiniBterB of tho late French govern , ment , I , in 8 private letter , deaif ed Lord Norraanby , in case any surii feeling eh&ild bf . exprceped , at once to

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      Btate that the reception given to those per 8 on > would be the reception which , in this country i , an given to men who , from unfortunate circumstan " obliged to seek refuge In England—a reception ° # ' p ltality suitable to the occasion ; but that he mi ° l ho Bare in ourdeolingB with tbe French governs be Majesty's MlBisters would act fairly , honou ^ her openly , and under no circumstances would tberfl t ! * n 4 ground for supposing that we would en » ° toy Intrigue hostile to the government of p ranc s '" ' » ny hear . ) ' lHe » , The Doke jlnb Doohess De Mont ? en 8 ier «« t . SrrjABT wished to asfca question of the noble u ¦ the head of Foreign Affairs . It had been reportedI ft , "' some documents had come into the possession of «!' provisional government of France implicating th 8 d and DuebeBS de Montpcnster In . some most eatraoriT transactions ( ' Oh , oh ! ' ) The contents of that iZ had been , it was stated , c « mmunicated to her Maia t . * Ministers , and thot that bad been the cause of the h * ..... =

      departure of tne imue ana wucness irom Englan d tr wished to know whether any communication of the hiI to which he had referred bad been made b y the pro i slonalgovernment ; and , In the next plaee whflli this had been the cause , not of their having been *! out ef this country , but whether their departure hi taken place with reference to information of that sort * Lord PAtMEBSTON . —lam very glad the noble lor d h put the question , if there has been any doubt on the sab ject . No such communication has been made to h *

      Majesty ' s gavernment from the provisional government of France . I have not heard that any such correspond ence , or correspondence of any Kind affecting the DsU and Duchess de Montpensier , has been found . 1 have no knowledge or belief of the kind ; but at all events zo communication or intimation of tbat kind has been madB toherMaj-stf ' e government , With regard to the de . parture of the Duke and Duchess de Montpcneiar , U h entirely the result of their own choice ( cheers)—and go fir from being the consequence of any communication made by u ? , the house will at once see that there mutt

      be many reasons why it would have been tbe desire of her Majesty ' s government that they should have stayed here , Instead of going sway , { Hear , hear , ) Revolution is Austria .. —Lord D . Stuart wished to ask the noble lord whether he bad received any informs , tion with respect to the changes iu the government of Austria , ( ' Oh , oh I' and a laugh , ) Lord Falmebston : The information I have received is that on tho Utfr inatnnt , Prince Metternich ceased to be Minister of the Emperor of Austria . Beyond tbat I have no information , ( A laugh . ) Ri ; z , atioit 8 with BBAza , —la anaTTcr to Lord G , Bentince ,

      Lord Palherston stated that the last accounts from Lord Howden conveyed information that there was no chance of concluding a commtrcial or a Blave treat ? with the Brazilian government . It was possible that a change might take place in the disposition of the BrazU lian government , but there was little hope of such a re . suit . In fact , they were averse to any commercial treaty , and entertained a notion that Great Britain was so dependent on BrazU , that we should be forced to accede to any terms thiy might think proper to dictate . Mr M MitKEs brought under the consideration of the house the injuries alleged to have beea suffered by if ; Rayson , on English mtrcaant , from the Austrian autho * rities at Constantinople . He was proceeding with his tatetmnt when the house was counted at Bevea o ' clecfe , WEDNESDAY , MARCH 22 ,

      HOUSE OF COMMONS . —Landlobus' LAWS .-Mr P . Scbofe called the attention of the heuse to tha destruc tion of several houses and the ejectioa of their tenants , which took pines in the county of Gahvay on or about New Year ' s day last , and which occasioned the death of several of those thus maltreated . Sir Q . Gbet . made one of the usual replies , apolo . gisine for landlords in general , no matter what their crimes . Outgoing Tenant * . —Mr Shabman Cbawfobd then moved the second reading of the Outgoing Tenants ? Ire . landj Bill . Mr Tbelattny raoved as an amendment , tbat the bill be read a second time that day six months . Biv W . Someryilie and several other mambers opposed the bill . The debate was adjourned till Wednesday next .

      Dekbt Election Mr Chudebb reported from the Derby election committee , that the Right Hon . Edward Strutt and the Hon . E . 7 . Leveson Gower were not dnly elected , that the election was void , that bribery and treat . ing bad prevailed , but not with the cognisance of the hon . gentlemen named . The house then adjourned .

      ( From our Second Edition of last week . ) HOUSE OF COMMONS . —Medicil Relief Bill . — Lord Ashley moved the adoption of a series of reso . lutions , for the attendance of a medical officer on f > males iu certain cares Mr Waklet seconded the motion . After some discussion the house divided—For the resolution , 37 ; against , 50 ; majority , 13 , On the ap « pointment ef medical inspectors , tbo honso again divided ; for the resolution 19 ; against , 101 ; majority , 82 . On the third resolution , ' the appointment of medical officers of unions to ba permanent daring good tekaviour , ' the house divided for the third time , when the resolution was negatived by a majority of 62—the nunu bers 98 to 56 . Lord AsBLsr then withdrew the remaining resolutions .

      ( From our Third Edition of last week . ) FRIDAY , Mabch 17 . HOUSE OF LORDS . —The Pgsaengera Bill was reaS a third timo , aud passed . HOUSE OF COMMONS . —Mr B . 0 bb 91 ne gave no . tlce of his intention , on an early day , to move for leave to bring in a bill for the total abolition of Church Rates , Col . Sibtbobp gave notice to move , after the Easter recet 8 , that tbe salaries of all persons holding office an . der the Crown be reduced , Tke house went into committee of Ways and Means , when Sir Benjamin Hall moved , * That towards raising tbe supply granted to her Majesty , the respective duties ltvlcd on property , profits , professions , trades , and offices in Great Britain , be levied on property , professians , and offices in Ireland for a time to he limited *

      Mr J . William * seconded the motion , which was also supported by Sir J . Tyrell , Mr Horsman , Col . Muir , Mr Bankes , Mr Nswdegate , Mr Wafcley , Mr Hume , aai MrMuntg . The motion was opposed by Sir . H . W . Barron , Mr Moore , Mr Fag&n , Mr Hamilton , Mr Napier , Col . Conally , the Chancellor of the Exchequer , Mr Roche , Col . Dunne , Mr Moasell , Mr Reynolds , and Sir A Brooke . The mtoion being negatived by a majority of 80 ; tbe numbers 138 te 218 . The Law of Entail _ ( Scotland ) BUI was read a Eecond and the Queen ' s Prison a tbird time , and the house adjourned .

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      CORtf EXCHANGE . Mondat . —The supply of English wheat , by land carriage samples from the near counties , was very short tbia morning ; really fine dry Bamples Bold readily at an advance of is per qr . ; but no iniprovemeHt could be esta . blisbed upon secondary and inferior qualities . Foreign wheat sold at about the sama rate as last week . Barley must be quoted Is dearer , with a better sale . The supply of oats , particularly irom tbe near foreign ports was large , and to make any progress in sales a reduction of 6 d to Is par qr . had to be submitted to . Beans and peas very dull , with a downward tendency . Arrivals into London from 13 th March to 18 th March . — Wheat : English , 4 , 459 ; foreign , 2 , 189 . Barley : English , 6 , 412 ; Scotch , 9 od ; foreign , 2 , 495 . Oats : English , 4 , 061 Scotch , 1 , 473 ; Irish , 4 , St ( 6 ; foreign , 2 l , 483 qrs . Flour , 6 , 8 o 7 sacks , lflu brls . Malt , 6 , 59 t qcs .

      BnmsH Wheat : Essex , and Kent , red 50 s to 55 s , white 48 s to fi 8 s , ; Norfolk and Suffolk , red 47 s to 53 s , white 5 ls to 60 s , ; Talavera ( Essex and Suffolk ) 55 s to 59 s ; Camb . and Lin ., red , 46 s to 52 s ; white , 50 s to 56 s . — Rye 80 s to 32 s . —Barley : Distilling , 2 " s to S 2 s ; malting , 29 s to 31 s ; Chevalier Sis to 33 s ; fine , 3 is—Oats : English feed 18 s to 2 ls ; Poland 20 s to 22 s ; potato 21 s to 2 Cs ; Berwick and Scotch feed , 5 ls to 23 s ; potatoe , 23 s to 2 is ; Irish feed , 15 s to 19 s ; black , 18 s to 19 s ; potato , 21 b to 23 s , . —Malt : 51 s to 56 s ; fine , pale , 57 s to 59 s . —Peas : Grey , 82 s to Sis ; maple , 34 s to 36 s ; blue , 42 s to 46 s ; imperial , 50 s to 56 s ; white , 31 s to 34 s ; boilers , 36 b to 39 s . —Beans : Maiagan , 28 s to 30 s ; tick , 30 s to 22 s ; old 37 s to 39 s ; harrow , 30 s to 32 s ; small , 82 s to 34 ; old S 9 s to 13 s . —Itapeseed : New , 60 s , to 6 Ss . —Linseed cakes , £ 11 to £ 12 per thousand . —Flour : Town-made , delivered , 42 s to 46 s ; fine household , 40 s to 42 s ; Norfolk and Suffolk , 3 Gs to SSs : white , 38 s to 4 Bs , per 2801 bs .

      SMITHFIELD . Monday . —There was a good supply of beasts , and , although trade was rather slew , prices were pretty well supported . From Holland there were 860 , about 2 , 180 from Norfolk and Suffold , 150 from Ireland , and ICO from Scotland . There were a few more sheep than of late , still the number was small ; the dead market being low considerably affected the trade , and everything met witha dull sale . The bost qualities suffered a reduction from Monday last of 2 d per 85 bs , and inferior fully < a . The best shorn sheep mado from Is 6 d to Cs . From Holland there were about 6 U 0 sheep and 84 calves . The calf trade was but very dull , and but few reached 53 2 d . Pigs werea heavy trade , at rather lower rates .

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      ( From the Gazette of Tuesday , Mar . 21 , ) BANKRUPTCY ANNULLED . William Evans , Piccadilly , linen draper . BANKRUPTS . Bonjamin M'Oiiesh Chrees nnd John Boyd . Bow Churchyard eilk manufacturers—Andrew Baldwin , Bulstrode . street , St Maryle&one , liciinsedvictuallor—Cliai'Ies Cor . bett Wilson , Daventry , scrivener-Charles Thomas Wood , Drury-lane , licensed victualler—David le BoutiUier , Nor = thumberland-place , Commercial-road East , draper—John Cole Gwiliim , Bishop ' s Frome , cattle dealer-John Huxtable , Froine Selwood , Somersetshire , silversmith-Joseph Isaac Isaacson , Liverpool , merchant—Edward Roberts , Denbigh , currier—James Wallbank , Stockport , currier—William Pickup , Blackburn , brick maker—James Smith , Macclcsficld , railway contractor-Richard Smith , Bitxenden , < ind Milton Smith , Manchester , calico printers—William Anderson , Durham , draper—John Stmker , Durham , brick maker—William Hurling , Stobhouse , shipowner .

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      street , Haymarket , in the City of Westminster , at the Office , in the same Street and Parish , for tho Proprietor , FEA . RGUS O'CONNOR , Esq ., M . P ., and published by William Hewitt , of No . 18 , Charles-street , Brau . doii-strect , Walworth , in the parish of St . Mary , New . ingtou , in tho County of Surrey , at the Office , Xc . 16 , Gre : it Windmill-street . Haymnrkot , -n the City ?< Fct ; minster . —Saturday , Mnrch 23 tb , 18 * 81 . » ... ' ,-,

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      A THE NORTHERNJgTAB ^^^ O . ¦"' " "" ' * "' . MWIU . 1 .. J" .. —" ^**»

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  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), March 25, 1848, page 8, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1463/page/8/