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Northern Star (1837-1852), 2nd October 1847, Edition 1 of 3, Page 7, Untitled Article

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      Untitled Article

      THE EVILS OF LAND MOKOPOL ; 10 IHS XSIIOB OF TBS 50 RIHEBH STAB . Sir , — Whoever has been intimately acquainted ^ fth the condition of the operatives in . the manufacjgring districts of Great Britain rartst have been for-. , 5 Uy struck with the miseiaWe and degraded , " state jn which many thousands exist : even in seasons flien woit is plentiful , and wages are comparatively jugh , their domestic position is one of great discomfort , ana too frequently of moral degradation . Art las indeed usurped the empire over nature , and the Ksutt is sach as might have been anticipated . The sramen , -Kites sn < l daughters , labour all day at the ^ ; ;; : . thr KVILS OF LAND MONOPOL " .

      HHUs : ttey earn money , it is true ? and their hus-^ ys ttia fathers are compelled to remain in idlejiBS , ana to live on the fruits of female labour ; but ^ tat desecration of Home the operative ' s garret ! - ^ fhat scenes of lavish prodigal expenditure , and ieart-cmshing famine does it not present—what migaaiile drunken husbands are the companions of these thriftless wives ; and ah ! what wretched , starring , opste-lulled children are the offspring of sudi mothers ! The holiest duties , the most endearing ties , are neglected and forgotten ; and man , bom in the image of his Maker , becomes but one degree better than the lower animals of Creation

      This is the result of factory labour , conducted as it now exists , even in prasperous times ; but when there is a glut in the market , end short hours and half weeks' work and wages are universal , is not the distress of the manufacturing districts dreadful ? Let the ldgh taxation for poor-rates witness how many are thrown on parochial charity (?) for bread , —men who , from previous habits , cannot dig , and Who yet are ashamed to beg . Is it uot horrible , — is it not infamous , tliat man should beg his

      feilowmanfor work , and be refined ? And when , as at present , the poor operatives are driven into strikes , from the privations which their scanty wages compel them to endure ; when tfeey have borne reduction of their weekly pittauce until they hold patience to ' be a crime , and 'think damnation better still , ' and when masters rind their warehouses filled and their pockets empty , because foreign markets are overstocked , shall we not see how evil a thing it is to legislate for the few instead of the whole—for class instead ef conntrv ?

      Doubtless England may yet glory in her manufactures , and find her wealth in her trade ; but then her own poor will be able to purchase her goodsher great trade will be with Home . The haad that devised the plan by means of which the attention of the working classes mi ^ hi be withdrawn from the manufactures to the cultivation ef the soil , is worthy of all honour : the heart that excited to the formation of the scheme must have been warmed with the purest impulses of philasthropy , since the remedy proposed addresses i tself directly to the disease , and can tail only through want of appreciation on the part of those who are to benefit bv its operation .

      The National Land Company addresses itself particularly to that leading feature in our characters which i noticed last week ; our love for that which we can cslt our own t the willingness with which we labour to improve it , and the lightness of all toil which can render it more valuable . It has never yet bees pretended by the most determined land-monopolist , that the soil of England is in the hig hest state of cultivation ; hut it was reserved for those interested in the success of the

      poor , and working classes , to ascertain how very much below its capability is the present productiveness of the laud . Practical farmers have now discovered that great waste is inevitable in every item of the expenditure of a large farm , whilst the prodace is , out of all proportion , small . In fact , the ¦ work done by plough , harrow , hoises , and servants , instead of tbe proprietor ' s own willing anus and strong spade , is both expensive in the doing , and badly done .

      I have to tender you my best thanks , sir , for the courtesy with which you forwarded me a letter addressed to you on this subject last week : and as I did not see it transcribed in your columns , you will , perhaps , permit me to quote it in evidence of the feasibility of the Land scheme . Bawlem , September 15 ft , 1 S 17 , HoSOCZiELE ASD BESKCTED SlB , In the spring of IStt , for the first time , in my life , I took spade in band to apply hand labour to the land ; I lad sixteen perches , for which I paid sixteen shillings ; this land was a peat turf&ea with clay substratum , and was not worth mere than £ 1 an acre , although I gave at the rate of eight . When I dag my pctatoes I felt veil satisfied Kith the success of mylabours ; I then felt' a growing inquiry spring iip within n-. e , coald I net grow

      wbtataUo t shortly after I was in converse with a man who was in the habit of Teaoinp the Noethibs Stab , and lie spoke to me of a work on' The Manager-nt oi Small farms , ' wrote by Mr O'Connor . This work I resolved to have , bat previous to getting it , a copy of the Stab for the first time wzs put into mj hand . I therein read an experiment in the growth cf wheat by a gentleman , made upon one square yard in his garden , the result of which was at the rate of forty quarters an acre , or sixteen times tha average got by the plough ; this I thought impossible , that one acre should produce sixteen times as much as the average produced by the plough , nevertheless , I thought I would prove the assertion ; so , sir , you see , unbelief in me worked practice , asd practice brought experimental knowledge ; and now , air , for my experiment , which is as follows :-

      In October , 1814 , 1 laid out three beds , ten yards by liree feet each , that being about one perch , of ground , the manure used for this purpose was composed of road scrapings , lime , nightsoil . and ashes , the beds thus prepared , I fanned kales six inches apart and one and half deep . In time it pnt forth its head , and one head measored ccvea inches and thro- --quarters . About the lOdj Of August I cut it , and such was the eur ioMty exdtsd hj this Wonderful phenomenon , that several persons coramencsd a search for the largest root , and , rather strange to relate , as many as thirty-seven , forty-one , fcrty . five , acd forty-nine strong reed stems were feand from one root , the produce of one grain .

      With this much I conclude , and if yon deem this worthy of insertion . , by so going yoa will much obli ge , Y « ur- - ¦ Rita due respect , Joseph Hcssnit ^ Burdem , If Mr Henshall could on such land grow wheat to such g . » o £ profit , it must be perfectly evident to every thinking man , that a famil y may be maintained { md in cowfort . too >) on a two , three , or four-acre allotment . But to obtain such allotments ; to become proprietors instead of hired labourers—to be

      selfdependent and prosperous , depends not on Feantns O'Connor , but on the people themselves . He has done all , and is doing all in his power for them . He has led them to aland of promise , but their own hands must take and eat of the plentiful food by which they may be surrounded . The people mnst famish the sinewa of war—they must save and spare to attain the power of becoming free . It isTtrue , tbey have little power to da so with their present habits , but let them abstain for one vear from the

      jn palace , and put one-half of the savings into a soney box , and there will be no complaint of the rant of power * o purchase land . - ¦ . The more independent proprietors there are 2 moii 2 &e labouring classes , the better must be the eondiion of the whole body ; dace the power now in the ands of masters must be gradually reduced , and Jially a just balance of power be established between he employer and the employed . It is a true saying , There is fifty per cent difference between' will vou uy ? and ' will you sell ?'" Hitherto the master has Man unjust , advantage , but it remains with the

      ¦ eople to alter the face of affairs . So it is with the overnment . Now it can lay < a what taxes it leases ; on spirits , especially , it lays a heavy t ax , * are that there are fools and madmen enough who , anngbttesenie , wkh to lose that little , and * ill urchase the taxed poison at the risk of health , appmess , and even bfe itself . But fet the people * n , to say , « I can do without spints-J will drink * ter , and the gnvemKent finds its position re rrsed ; the people then become the sovereign Jwer . and we shall have some chance of seeinga i&f representative legislature . .

      Ieannot at this moment lay my band on tbe rejrt which proves how much gin-drinkers have , ithui this year , contributed toarards tbe forging of ieirosa chains ; but I can tell them an anecdote jjiich will prove , ( if proof be needed I ) what valuable fiends to despotism drunkards are . In India , food is cheap , and money scarce ; a dosstic : servaaf , for instance , can board , clothe , and wge hunself aad famil y oa wages equal to fourteen fag fcsn «™» g » a month ; and this suia will allow mm nP " ^ dnmk CTety fli S - I * folk *™ « & »* a S ? M ^^ Kiato a beas t for a very smal l ^ jSf - ° » el »<»«« Fatihe utmost . Yct in l 836 KTm ^ mUrnS sIlOffed that the East India SKSStli . ** ° D the saleof * he £ , mmon shoved that oxShSI , ?^ ° f the - Sme year ' fcai dnakeverv St . S * £ Z fT *** W fteeoverniaent ' ° S ° ffiUcb £ or » u PPorting Ianj , Sirj aithf | l ] l yyom , Sj rmtopEMos .

      Untitled Article

      m . INDIA AND CHINA ; ' » t Tfie news from India by the recent trcerWa mail K ^ ofgreatinterest The little ^ SSSjS una and Govrasoor continue . Tha president atHyiu . va to arrange for the payment of his debte to the SH * S . *^> thl 8 ^ P has been taken pre-( aratory to the confiscating of that prince ' s territory ; the certain conclusion of all alliances contracted bv henatiTa _ pwers with'the Company . ' In the rnujaub things are quiet ., As a specimen of tha insolent manner in which the British are in the habit of treatinc the native powers , we quote the following from a Panjaub correspondent ef the Calcutta Star * - ~

      The Ranee has Wen grumbling lately at the want oi attention paid her , so she was turned oat to have a romp for twenty-four hours in the Shalimar gardens , and cagea again in the Summun Boorj wfeen she was tired of her picnic ; The alarm amd distrust on both sides , occasioned by the precipitancy of Sir John Davis ' s descent on Canton , coBtinues u > that city to thedetrimeatoi all trade . Tho relief troops have arrived at Hong Kong , bnt the gover . nor thinks it expedient to retain the regiments which were to have been sent back .. The Hong Kong Register ef June 24 th , says : — Since our last issue there has been again a slight disturbance at Canton , attended with another attempt to burn the boat house adjoining the factories . A party of marines and seamen from the Plato dispersed the mob , inflicting several severe wounds with their cutlasses or bayonets . '

      FRANCEA great reform banquet has been held at St Qoentin , which was attended by M- Lherbette , M . Odilon Barrot , and several other Liberal members of the Chamber of Deputies . The opposition papers regard the banquet as another strikiR ? proof of the progress of reform doctrines , and anticipate from it an increased res'ataKceoH tbe part of the nation to the policy of the government . The public opinion in France on the appointment of the Duke d'Antnale to tbe office of Governor-General of Algeria may be

      collected from the fact , that of the twenty journals and upwards published in Paris , there is but one which has not condemned the measure . Of ceurse , the exceptional paver is the organ of the court and the cabinet . The King has ereate ' Marshal Soult , Marshal-Genoral of France . The goternmeRt hare given permission te Prince Jerome Bonaparte and his family to reside in Franc ? . M . Frederick Sonlie , the author of a great number of popular French novels and dramatic pieces , died at Paris on Friday .

      A reform banquet took place or Sunday , at Meauxi for the purpose , as one of the Liberal papers expressee it , of protesting devotedness to the country ' s ieBtc tntions , love of progress , and aversion towards tbs presentsystera ef Government . ' : Seven hundred and fifty persons took part in the banquet , which was presided over by M . Dntnoalln-Daiys . M . Odilon j arrot , M . Drouin del'Hays , M . Lmbit , M . G . Lnfayptte . M , 0 . Lafayette , M . F . De Lasteyrie , and M . I . Be Lasteyrie , all deputies , were present , as were also a great many public functionaries and eminent persons of the department . Speeches of the usual character en such - occasions were delivered , and were received with ereat enthusiasm .

      SPAIN . It appears that tbe sew ministry is already in a Btate of crisis . Intriguing has already done its work , and the only Cabinet , that for the last three years premised anything like an amelioration of the vicious system in force in Spain is about to be overthrown . The immediate cause of the Ministerial difficulties proceeds from General Serrano , who , it is said , has been bought over by the French party by promises which will no doubt be broken . The little war is Catalonia continues , accompanied by the usual butcheries ef prisoners on both sides . The Carlists have at length brought cavalry into the

      field . PORTUGAL . Lisbon news has been received to the 19 th inet . The continued and extensive frauds committed by the commissions is the registration of voters , the inutility of appealing for redress , the sense of insecurity felt by the people in the provinces and capital , and their dread of appearing at the hid , had induced the chiefs of the Septembrlst electoral committee to send a deputation to the Minister of the Kinqdom , with a petition to the Queen , claiming redress , protesting against the validity of the electoral process as far as it had gone , and demanding such a change of authorities throughout the kingdom as would be a guarantee of fairness in tke registration and personal security at the elections . Tke Minister consented to submit the demand to the decision of the Council of State . The Septembrist chiefs sest a copy of the petition , and addressed at the same time a note , to the ambassadors ofthe Allied Powers .

      SWITZERLAND . A letter from Berne ofthe 20 th , in the Debate , says : — ' ' The armament is still goicg on , and none but men in military uniforms are seen in the streets of Berne . About a hundred officers are assembled to practice the profession of arms . Fenr companies of artillery hire beta sent to Than to practise firing Business is com * pletely stagnant . The arrival of Lord Minto has mads lome sensation . After having conferred with Mr Peel , he made along visit to M . Ochstnbein , president ofthe Confederation , who returned it a few honrs after . Each parry puts its own construction on this event : but the most certain cenelneion is , that his lordshi p has

      expressed to the President wishes that peace in Switzerland should be preserved . Lord Minto tookhis departure this evening for Turin and Rome . Letters from Zurich of the 22 nd . say that the opening of the extraordinary session of the Grand Council took place on that day , when a resolution was adopted to make preparations to enforce the decree of the Diet against the Sonderband , by a majority of 151 votes against 29 . A credit was accordingly voted in favour ofthe executive body of the canton to enable it to complete the necessary military preparations . The credit demanded by the executive was 40 , 000 francs . The Council granted 60 , 000 . ITALY .

      Advices fron Rome say that the proclamation of Cardinal Ferretti / rcspeetingthe popular demonstrations , had elicited marks of discontent from the liberal parly . ; The Naren&urg Comtpondent of the 22 ai gives , under the date of Vienna , 18 : h ultimo , the announcement that the Ferrara question is , in fact , terminated , for that a dysentery has broken out among the troops in that garrison , which has eompelled the commander te discontinue the posts a ; the city gate 3 for want of men . Thus it is implied that the troops will now be limited to the occupation of the citadel ; and the ttatu quo previously ' to the present dispute will be re-established , and nothing will prevent the remaining points of difference from being arranged diplomatically . The following is the diplomatic note delivered by Count Lutziw , the Austrian representative , to the eabinet of the Vatican : —

      The undersigned , fflc ., &c luiving transmitted to his conrt the notice his Eminence the Cardinal Ferretti , secretary of state to his Holiness , had done him the honour to address him , a protostation agatagt the measures of military service adopted in the fortress of Ferrara by Lient .-General C «« Bt Anertparg , commanding the imperial troops which form its garrison , has received orders from Ms court to send the following reply to the cabinet of the Yatican : The act of the Con-K ress of Vienna , article 103 , fives to his Imperial and Royal Majesty the right of garrison in the fortresses ( places ) of Ferrara and dmacbios . This expression of fortress ( place ) leaves no doubt as to the right allowed H . I . H . The town of Ferrara is surrounded by a

      fortified wall , which is contiguous to the works of tbe citadel . Tha asemUe of these precincts and the citadel form what is called the fortress ( place ) of Ferrara . , Now , it is the right of garrison in the fortress ( place ) which has'been granted to Austria . The court of Rome has never had the least title to contest this . nor to pretind that this right wasmerely applicable to thecitadel ; this restriction is im . possible , in the fact . Besides which , if the intenfnns of the congress had been to this effect , the term hi the article quoted would have been citadel , and not the fortress ( place ) , for every one knows the difference which exists between these two ssprtssions . The occupation of this fortress having never had , and on account of the devotedness the Austrian Conrt bears the Holy See never

      being likely to Have , any other character than that of a prudent defensive , tbe orders given to all Austrian commanders have always been to limit the application of the military ruks imposed on every garrison whatever to the immediate environs of the parts occupied by the imperial troops . The following passage , extracted from the notice of his Eminence tha Cardinal Secretary of State , of the 9 th August , 1817 , is itself a proof of the above . ( Htra follows a passage in Italian . ) It is in the interest of the Roman government , as well as in that of the imperial conrt , and ofthe population of Ferrara i tself , that the military service of this town should bcobswedwith order atd regularity . The danger to which the promoters of the disturbance h 8 Te exposed Capt . Jankowich , and from which he was relieved by the sole possibility of his having been able to find a natml

      to protect him , is a proof that the service of patrols nr » scribed by military rules , is necessary for O , » Suto ance of public order . The Emperor , unable to con . Mer the protestation made by the Cardinaltegate , at Ferra ^ a founded on a right—finding , on the contrary , in t j , ' manifestations which have recently taken place at Ftr rara still greater motfces for the strict observance of the rules of pmdtnce it is the duty ofthe garrison to observe in its interest , as well as in that of the inhabi . taats—nquests ' ihe nn&reigned to inform his Eminence the Cardinal Secretary of State , that the Marshal Count Radetski , commander-general of the troops of H . I . and B . M . in the kingdom cf Lombardy , has received orders to maintain the garrison of Ferrara in the ri ghts which apper Jain to it , tni the execution of which is , moreover , become militarilv indispensable to its safety . ' if the im '

      serial court , which would desire to keep op whh the i-u -vt of Soaso that friendly inttrcoarte so necessary to the oHwperity of the two states , ' deplore * the ground » f *•«* question , the Ceiinet of Vienna , can nor . en tL'CQftsr hapd , bu , t r « grtt the nnvm \ form > n

      Untitled Article

      which h . s ^ miBence the Cardinal Legate has drawn up Mi gustation . ¦ It is / aotbtfore a notary that the " afc * iirs . ef governments can-he , treated in -adignified and careful manner . Tho cabinet , of Vienna must , th » ni guard against the adoption ef each a form . Relative to the commumcaUoa ^ tnt t 6 the diplomatic tody at the Holy See . tke undersigned is requested tomakeknown to hii Eminence , the Cardinal , Secretary of State , that he places the cabinet of Vienna under the ncceuity of ogmm ' unicatfng to such cabinets as it may concern the actof protestation adr « Bsed to it , and the answer made tO ; thi » said protestation . The undersigaed , dsb .

      ( Signed ) Idtz » w . B « logxa , Skei . 17 . —Some excitement has prevailed amongst the population of our city for the last few days , caused by the return of the deputation sent to attend the manifestation Fete de VUmon at Florence , the passageof Prince Ganina . to which has been added the discontent manifested by the friends of the Marquis Jambeccari and Tanari ( both compromised in the affair of 1843 ) , neither of whom have been appointed officers of the civic guard . Popular meetings were held oa the 14 th at the Cafe del Teat ™ Gommunale , now called Cafe del Unione . On tho 15 th the assemblages were more numerous and more noisy . On the 16 th a / ete was held at San Giovanni di Monte , in honour of Pius IX ., on which occasion Colonel Guidotti presented the national guard with the cslours sent to the Bologneso by the Tuscans . The Prinue do Canina has been ordered to leave Venice by the Austrian government , notwithstanding his election as president of one of the

      sections of the scientific congress . -On the evening of . the 18 th the excitement had reached , its pitch , and MM . Gassetti Minghetti , Pietromessara , and others , endeavoured but in vain to calm the people . It was found necessary to call ont the armed force and some arrests took place . The Cafe del Unione was ordered to be closed . .: : The republic of Saint Marino has just felt the counter stroke of the affairs of Italy . It is known that this little spot surrounded on all sides by the states of the ' ehurch , has always preserved its indc pendency . It counts a population of abount 7 , 000 soule , all agriculturists . Its government is composed of two captams ( regents ) , to whom is entrusted the esccHtive power ; of a secretary of state for home nffaii 8 , and of another for foreign affairs , and of a jouncil of state . _ This last named assembly has jast been converted into a chamber of representatives , named by all the inhabitants , and it has been declared that all { iehberations in this assembly ate henceforward to be public .

      The Joumaldcs Dcbats confirms the account which we published in our last , of the % ht of the Duke of Lucca from his dominions after having installed a regency . It appears that the retirement of the Duke ef Lnccafrom his principality , on the pleaef illhealth , was an act of the basest treachery on thapart of this prince . After his proclamation appointing a regency to carry eut the same reforms in his duchy as were in progress in Tuscany , this shameless prince withdrew to the neighbouring principality of Modcna , from the shelter of which he sent another proelama tion revoking all his former acts , perfidiously breaking his solemnly sworn pledges , and annulling the decrees for the institution of the national guavd , the liberty of the press , and other constitutional

      guarantees , which baforeho formally proclaimed . It was generally believed that tho duke was insticated to this act of perfidy by Austrian agents . A L » ghorE letter ofthe 17 f . h states ( bat the law on the organisat j en ofthe civio . guard had just been promulgated in Tuscany . It did not come up to the wishes of the people , the government having notably modified the organic law ef Pins IX ., and taken too many precautions against the people . Thus , according to it , workmen , peasants , and labourers are exelnded from active service , and confined to the reserve , without eitherarmsoruniform . Oftheofficers , onlythecorporals would be nominatcd , by their comrades . This decree occasioned the most lively expressions of

      discontent in Tascany , so much so , that a public protest against it was prepared and signed by thousands of persons . This rem « nstrance , however , was anticipated by the government , which wa 3 not slow te discover the false step it had taken , and the dav after tue publication of the first decree , another appeared modnying it and appointing a committee to decideon the rcguletions under which the officers of the national guard should ba . nominated . Other advices say that the Grand Duke Leopold , revoking his former decisions , had decided that not niore than 200 muskets should be allowed for the civic guard of Leg . horn , and that even these should be placed in the charge of an officer appointed by himself . ¦

      A Ietterfrom Turin of the 17 th ult , states that the Liberal manifestations which had taken place in several towns of Piedmont appeared to have cansed a different effect on the Sardinian government from that which was intended ; and , it is said , had strengthened the position oi M . de la Marguerite , whose retirement was announced some days ago . The three chiefs ofthe movement of Genoa , M . Doria . M . Balbi , and M . Baggi , who had been ordered to Turin , had been severely lectured , but will not be treated rigorously . .

      Accoants from Naples of the . l 3 ih ult ., state that the insurgents of Reggio , who had withdrawn to the mountain ! - , had crossed the Apennines and fallen upon Gorace , a small town near the Ionian Sea . General Nunpiante , who was at Mounteleane with a detachment of troops and some artillery , had advanced to attack the insurgents , and the result of the rencontre was eagerly expected . Sixty youths have Icen f hot at Mmina ! m Letters from Naples of the 15 th ult ., say that the situation of | that capital remained the ' same . The

      attitude of the . population excited serious apprehensions , on the part of the government . The insurrection had continued to be propagated thronph the Calabnas , in spite cf all the efforts of repression used by the commanders sent against it , * and the terrors of the most bloody system of executions . In case of any popular demonstration in Naples , the Austrians are to be called in , which declaration has incensed the Neapolitans beyond measure . Spies are about in every direction , drefsed ai priests , beggars , Ac . No one dares to speak one word of politics , y « t all the youth of the city are known to be ready to fly to

      arms . A pamphlet appeared some days since , entitled 'Stonadi Santa Maria della Grazia , ' and was sold throughout the city . It contained a history of the present King Ferdinand II . and his mother , the Dowager Queen ? The scandalous life of the latter was fully narrated . The author throws donbt on the legitimacy of tBerei gnin ? monarch . His priestly education is endemned . That his mind was completely moulded by the church there can be little doubt , for up to this day he is the tool of Monseigheur Oocolo , his eonfe 3 sor , through whom the royal ear may be gained-by paying . You may imagine how soon this publication was suppressed ; and how six durats are paid for a copy .

      MOROCCO . _ Accounts have been received from the eastern frontiers of Morocco , which , although not as precise and eertam as could bo desired , are more consistent than the vague reports hitherto brongbt from the theatre of the operations of Abd-el-Kader . ' It will be remembered that in tho conrse of last month , two tribes the Ben Amers and the Hachems / consisting of about 1 , 500 persons of both sexes with their children , who hai been settled within the French colony , emigrated at the instance of Abd-el-Kader , and creBsing the frontiers of Morocco , settled down at a place not far from the the city of Taza . Here they were assured ofthe support of the forces of Abd-el-Kador ill- the event of their being attacked by those of the * Emperor Abderrahman . It seems , however , that

      from misgivings ofthe promised protection of the Emir , and from apprehension of an attack from the imperial forces , this unfortunate population d ? - oided , on tha 15 th August , to retrace their stepsoastward towards * the frontier . They continued their march for three days unmolested , but when tkey had neaily . reached the frontier of the district of the Kabyles , they wereattacked by the trcops of the Emperor , commanded by his son , and massacred with allthe circumstances of savage cruelty so common in these nations . They offered for three days and three nights a desperate resistance . At length the few snrvivora . finking under hunger , thirst , and fatigue , laid down their arras . The men were instantly slaughtered without resistance , the children were flung down the precipices and thrown inlothe ravines , and the women were distributed as booty among the

      conqueror ? . Abd-el-Kader , being informed of their danger , was on bis march to their protection and defence , when he was mot by the tidings of their destruction . The bmir is reported to havo been profoundly affected by thiB event . Notwithstanding this circumstance there is ss yet no indication of any iatention on the part of AbdelKadcr to discontinue his movement against Morocco . Oa the contrary , he is still csta . blisted in the district of the Kabyles , with every pre . sent aim of unaltered purpose .

      . UNITED STATES AND MEXICO . SAXGOlNAIiY BATTMJS . The Caledonia , Capt . Lott , arrived at Liverpool at eleven o ' clock on Tuesday ni ,-ht , after a rapid passage of 12 days from BjBton . > The news is important ; two great battles had been fought within sight of the capital of Mexico , and in both General Scott had proved victorious . The Imp on both sides was severe ; the Americans lost 1 , 000 men , among thorn five colonels , three majoi s , twenty two captains , fifty-one lieutenants , and one adjutant . The Mexican loss it ' set down at 5 , 000 men , and among the killed and wounded were thirteen general 8 . _ At the request of the British embassy , an armistice was agreed to , and commissioners were negotiating a peace . aff 'S . i ° ll 0 Wing « the ' official' account of the

      ' ofe tnff V T fuI * « 3 ta « f On thnn ^ L ™ i ^ for ces . consi 6 ting of seven SSSSiS aMaa raaS ^ s thing before them at the point of the bayonet ! The

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      amoSS ^ J Seslima te'l at five thousand , and SS ' nfri H » rem 9 nydiStingui 8 h 9 dm « n > th unon 7 Bdflt milian . -. The armistice-was agreed ? a n sid ? % ° mffi l Ssioners a PP ointed 0 " & ° * ™' comra&oLi y }?? whoi « MW-Hermr *; : The LmnanW fn P ., - ValenCla esda P ^ With twO StSnt * F » c \ » d k" since pronounced against santa Anna and peace' ; r . , nf A , S 1 f ^ eneral Scott left Poeblaoh the 7 th On thfth " p advanCeden tho capitals Mexico . rlnoi ft' ° u ^ ' recGnnoiasance made by ? l » d V ? ^' haTlng 8 at 5 sfi c ( 1 General Scott that G A An ^ lfn n tUler r ^ ll out ft «« n Chalco to San Angustm , General Worth ' s division moved in that ^^ S ^*^ A ^

      _ On the 16 th General Worth marchod as far as the Haeienaa of San Gregorio / Oa the H * General Worth resumed hi , inarch over a terribly , bad road , but by eight oVlockk the morning ho Was la gigb of the domes and spiroB ofthe capital , without oppo . ltion , esceptthat rocks had been rolled on the rond , and ' ditcheB ^ " « - ° « achIDStKi 8 point , howirr ^ "" opeMdon the head of his ¦ SSiMiaH ' . ^ « -en *) 'cl 6 ck . on the 18 th ,

      O Heral Worth was In full march fer the City of Mexico by the main road . Colonel Garland ' s brigade asthen ordered to , occupy a portion on the plain , in gi h ? ofS enemy ' s batteriegy at San AugnBtlne , 'U ilt cZ Stark ^ brlgadeam ! Duncan ' , b-feUSLSS la themr clow by . A party wasth ( m < ^ nt out ^ connoitre . Tkis party had a skirmish wltfc the enemy killing five or six , and taking as many prhjoners , ' wlthont losing a man . Whilst this rcconnolsnanee was ' going en General Worth had established himself attha nactenda

      of Bunera , from the windows of which countless numbers ofthe . enemy could be seen at work upon the batteries at San Antonio . About no » n they opened upon tne Hacienda with both round shot and shell . Nearly every shot took effect , but did no damage except to the lulidings . late In tho evening they were agiin opened , but were ailent during the night . Had the fire been kept up , the Hacienda might have been torn to pieees , uad the entire command compelled to retire . At eight o ' clock on the morning ofthe 19 th , the battalion again opened on General Worth ' s position . So hot was the fire , that the trosps were compelled to gnin shelter behind the buildings , but did not giro up their position . About nine o ' clock the divisions of ' General * Tnigfjs and Pillow were ordered to march in the direction of

      Crontcra , and by one in the afternoon , when ia plnin sight of the entmj ' s batteries , and within range ofthe ljeavier guns , the brigade of Col . P . W . Smith was ordered to advance towards the e «? my ' s works , whilst tbat of Colonel Itiley moved towards a small village to tUo right , and thus cut off reinforcements ' which might be sent to Talsncia from the city . ' An JnceBsant fire was ep « ned on Col ; Smith ' s command , and soon the rifles were enga cd with the picket of the enemy , driving them in . The twel » e . pound « balterlea of Captain Marauder and tho mountain howitzer batteries , now commanded by Heut . Callender , of , thii ' Ordnance Department , were pressed forward , and opened on the enemy , but were to much exposed te fire from heavier i ^ uns , that they were soon silenced . Lieutenants John

      son and Callender were seriously wounded . About four o ' clock General Saott arrived , and seeini the immense strength of the Mexicans , at once ordered Gen . Shield's brigade to enpport Riley and Cadwalader , and prevent , it possible , a junction ofjthe forces coming out from the city with with those of Valencia . Until night had fairly closed in the firing from tho enenij ' s batteries had not stopped . It had been a continuous roar for nearly six hours . Gcmral Scott retired to San Angustln about eight o ' clock , in the midst of a hard rain , and Generals Twigg and Pillow , came in about eleven o ' clock , completely exhausted , not anticipating tho grea t strength of tho work ? of the enemy . It was thought that the butto ries cmld betaken at a dasfe , and that the troops would ' be comfortably quartered at San Angel for the night . Instead

      of this , a large portion of therawere compelled tobivouac without blankets , in the midst of a pitiless storm . On the 20 th Worth was ordered to move with a part of his Uvisioa ; Garland ' s brigade , to aid in the attack on . Talencia , as to force this position , was deemed indiapensa ^ We . ¦ At seTen o ' aloek , a few discharges of Cftrnon were beard , » rattliag of mu « katry , and some even said , that in the distance horses ofthe enemy could be seen flying towards the city , yet few deemed that the batteries had been stormed end cairied yet . . It wag so . General Scott himself accompanied General Worth , and started for the scene of action , when they wero met by Captain Mason with the joyful' intelligence that Valencia had been completely routed , after a terrible struggle . " The attack upon his works was planned by General Smith , and resulted in the capture of fifteen pieces of artilleryj

      and some 1 , 509 prisoners , among them Generals Blanco , Garcia , Mendosa , and the notorious Salas . He also cap tured all the ammunition and camp equipage , whilst the road over which those . who escaped fled was strewed with muskets . Ko Isbs than seven hundred , of Vie enemy , among them many officers , were lift ' dead on the field , whilst the number ef woutldcd was far greater . Gea . Scott at one ordered Gen . Worth to fall backtq San Antocio , to turn and capture tbat work , and then puih ' on towards the capital by the main road , whilst themain body of the army movsd on towords San Angel and Cohoycan ., Seaeral Twi ggs had scarcely moved half a iiiuVtajond the latter Tillage , wben a r « uiinjj fire of musketry announced that it was actively engaged with the outposts of the enemy , and the heavy booming' of canuon now gave token that the noted second division

      had fallen on another strong work ; a few minutes more , and tremoridous firing from the right made it evident that General Wort h ' s division was actively engaged ! Hs had completely turned the strong works of Santonio , but while doing so tbs enemy had abandoned the place with the | loss of three heavy guns , and had fallen back on n second stronger line of works . It was now one o ' clock in the afternoon and about the commencement of the battle , and such a rattling ef fire-arms has seldom or ever been heard oh the continent of America , accomparted with such booming of artillery , and thU was con . tinned ovtr two hours , when the enemy was completely routed from every point , and until those who were not killed or taken prisoners were in full fligbt for the city . . Thirteen Mexiean Generals were killed and wounded . More ammunitien was captured than General Scott has used sinee he has been in tbe country .

      _ Dnnngtho month of Augusta formidable native insurrection broke out in Tepio and other towns , having for its object the destruction ofthe Spanish or white population . In T-pic , Merida , and Gampeachy , the Indians slaughtered hundreds of the * 1 j males "P ?" 8 ta ? women for . a fate worse than death . This conspiracy originated with the i « S ° w aJabourin 8 c ! ai * aborigines of thecountry . r . ? r 5 e an < American naval commandera in tho Gull ot Mexico had dispatched yessels of war—the former ono and the latter two—to succour tbefiigitivea that had escaped into the ports of Cfttopeachy andSisal . The yellow fever had been making terrible havoc at New Orleans .

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      ^^^^^ ro ^—BMWWWIBM ——^ " ^ ¦™^™ f '¦ - •'' : " " LOWBAKDJ , . : . ¦ . .. 1 It wa 8 on tho evening of Sunday , the day proewdlBg the mse ' ting of tho late Conference , that I and . some twenty others left th « old elty of Gloucester , travelling by omhlbuB to the estate of Lowbands " . The evening was the finest imaRtnablo ; th » scene all that was really English . The tall poplars waved their heads ' along the teSdedgre . cn - The iutwtB seamed to enjoy the holiday of their brief existento , as tbey danced suspended betw «* n earth . and heaven . Tho ubble horses stood with their beads stretched across the road stiles , aad the gentle cow —the cotter ' s last friend—gnawed tho grass with a sweetness of sound that indicated the fulness of at > lm&l enjoymont . Have' you over in your evening walks Ustened to ' . the'sweet sound of cows , horses , and ' sheop .,

      eating the grasB midst the falling ikw ? If yonhave not , go ana listen , and jour reward will be immediate . Re fUct but . for a moment , and you will admire the practical thought . of Mokb ,. the . Egyptian historian , who , as he Ktrayedamoiig the flocks and herds of the mild and holy East , conceived tho adoring thought of harmony , and wrote of the time wlion tigers were docile as tbe housedog , and . lionB mild as tbe Arab steed ' , living but to lev * and Berve . This was ' oulght when earth ' smildd , as if fresh , from theimprsssion of things divine , and jaiislc , the 6 OOther of all sorrow and the ench&ntrejB of all glnd . ness , poured forth hervolumo of sweet sounds from an orchestra untrod by morta ^ foot .. The toil-worn cotters rested at their doors—eveamun , the toller , looked as if his face reflected nn indescribable serenity , and seemed at truce . with all the animal creation . Tho instinctive

      linU that biuds mnh to the brute creation is the finest in nature , and he who ' deitrojB it has a 8 oul deadto love . Point out to me the man whoruthltBBly kickB the &ag , m beats tbo horse ; and there stands the coward whefearB danger because he known no love—there lives the brute who forsakes his wife ; and whiaes and moans in misfor . tune .. He has , no heart , but neglcots the prattling lovely child , and dicB . unlamented . He is an uncivlliscr of msn —even no savngo in nature , but a lump of cold clay .. There . are times when the soul is filled with boauty , drunk with the sweetness of landscape-and landscape is evcrdoljghtfsl—tho shifting of clouds , tho clianga of crops are neveroHcliug causes of pleasure , and the glorious landscape is not yours or mine , it is ours . I t may be ' your field , " my bous » , ' 'jour neighbour's woodland ; ' but the beautiful river , as it steals gently along under the rocky outshoota , and the char sun beams glitteringiyamong its riuples , as if to laugh at mnn ' s pun ;

      lighted chandeliers—is not yoars , but ours . The landscapo . is the common propbrty of man , owned by no parchment set oil , ' owing ne mortgage , cursed by no game ' law , encompassed by no trespass net , no boaid upon a tree saying , " Whoever looks shall'be prosecuted , ' r . o fenee between man and the sun ; the king may own but the beggar may look—ay , and rags cortr sensations crowns cannot honour—the landscape destroys rank and office . When I look on earth and air , I ewe antique rank no allegiance , but feel tbat man is more than a God in ruins . . Bask , thtn , you chartered pickers and stctilers of land—you par £ bra » nt . privileg ' ed possessors , and own that when you look from jour window of stained glass , that y <> n own no more—u may bo own Has—than I who am perched on . a dunghill , . Under such circumstam-cs did I reach the looked-for haven , and with , my mind filled with such thoughts I retired to sleep on the estate of Lowbands .

      Having slept soundly , I rose at an early hour , purposely , to examine tho land and the oottages—an 4 really , the cottages are very Buy odor indeod—the most convenient and neat little houses I ever put my foot inpossessing every convenience for comfort—and truo comfort is really luxury . The kitsben ranges are superior to those of O ' Connorville ; and the entire structure of each building is u model ef good taste-and convenience ; and what on earth is so comfortable as a ncatlittlx house . The empty sound of large rooms , badly furnished , makes nature recoil from the very action of her senses—and you seem to smoll horror , as a putrid carcase ; there is soraothine dismal in the look of huge piles nf 8 tone , poB 8 C 8 slng ho affinity to enjoyment . They arc like tho frame of [ tbe unfortunate idiot , mere existences , un . lighted and dead to-lntcllect . I have often wondertd at tbejextreme d < alre shown by some women of tho working classes , and men also ( for , after all , Darby is generally quite as ambitious as Joan , and men are not lsss ridicu .

      lous ) , in their manifestations fcr large roomy houses than is sistw women—but jet a little reflection puts all right . . The weak man ' spooks ofthe weights he can carry ; the trembling timid invalid of the giants lie kills ; the starved beggar , ofhh rich relations ; and tbe pooreat peasant struts majestic as a king , and in his haughty self-esteem calls himself Jupiter , whilst he looks ridiculous- as would Hamlet , . Prince of Denmark , if dressed in harlequin properties , or the sly old ' roguish fairy , Fuck , accoutred like a , fleld marshal , and riding through Hyde Pjrk co . officering with Prince Albert at a grand review . Men and women , in some cases , who havo lived secluded in hovels and cellars , scarcely knowing the colour of clean glass , and cortainly not the sweetB of fresh air , think that cottages in the country should look as externally superb at the huge domestic barrack tenements in the well-to-do districts of London , Glasgow , or Bd . nburgh ; forgetful of the fact , that lofty rooms ar » necessary to secure air to breathe in in crowded towns .

      . Now , the charm of those little- cottages is this , they have all that is needed for domestic'family associations , while their position secures to the inmates fresh air in a healthful abundance , and their internal construction & «• cure heat , when required , tha very elixir of life . I remember once sitting down bv the fireside of Mr Fetit ' s cottage , and conning bvur a verse of nn eld song , unknown to me for years-but the circumstances awakened the thought , and I murmured , as if by instinct— ' A little house well fill'd , A little farm well till'd .

      A little wife woll will'd , Givothoume . ' and if Mr Petit will excuse my familiarity , I venture to say he possessed in reality all that the genuine eld song implied ; anil theae cottages , with all that is connected with them , are jutt fitted to secure for the really industrious man such pleasures—with a security against want and the fear of want—by habits of frugality he will ever havo plenty , and , as the gentle shepherd has so well said , — ' 1 Who has enough may soundly sleep , The o ' ercomo only faBheBfelk to keep , '

      The land , also , is of a superior kind , and fitted to grow any produce . the climate of England will nourish ; and is so excellently sheltered that . if ever Jbh ' n ' Shaw had undertaken the selection of a choice-warm corner for a > churchyard , ami seen Lowbands in the midst of disadvantages , he would have fixed on' It at nr ' at Bight , and never withdrawn from his first love ; and water is so plentiful , that every house has its own well , and an excellent pump to secure an easy and plentiful usaofit . Good water is the most inestimable of blesBisga . Clour in the tumbler , it is a cheap and rich beverage , and ia domestie and culinary operations , ia almost a security against Uie

      doctor ' s bill , and adds a charm to a house that tbe distilled filth of rivers and common sewers oanaot equal . Give me water from the rock , bub-ing from its spring . The very appearance of it suggests bounteous innocence , and reminds one of the rare enjoyments of meeting a friend , grown to the strength of manhood , and still re . taining , spite of all the twinings and twistings of tortured cunning , the native dignity of his character , and at be oUspB your hand , his heart seems to overflow in the very exuberance of joy and friendship—a well of , kindness , that giveB the more freely just as you renew tbe draught / ' ,. . ¦' ¦

      The estate is situated within four miles of tho river Severn , which branches offinto'the Birmingham canal , and when in Gloucester I ascertained that the greater part of tbe potatoes , grown in the vicinity ef the city , ere bought by dealer * and sent to Birmingham , which is ono of the hest markets for agricultural produce in England , Now , if it be profitable for dealers to buy potatoes , and send them to Birmingham , our Lowbands friends may findit to their advantage to get a long boat to convey their produce to gan-making Birmingham ; bringing coals to warm them , manuro to ' enrich their land , and

      groceries from the oheapest market . The allottees of all estates must remember that it was associated labour that bought their land , built their homes—and the principle of co-operation must be practised Uy them when necessary—although , essentially individual in their domestic arrangements , the oo-operation must support the indU viiiuality of comfort and character ; and it is a feature in Mr O'Connor ' s scheme , that it springs from , and admits of all the benefits of centralisation for good , and neutralises centralisation for evil . It is a wlso chief magistrate cultivating tho buddings of all that is virtuous , and guarding against all that is vicious .

      ¦ On the first day I strayed across Lowbands , In the morning the weather looked doubtful , them seemed to be a dispute between Sol and the clouds , but the lattor prevailed , and from above showered torrents of rain , The day was a droadfsl one , and the crowd of visitors immense , but there was r < p murmuring , a patient resignation to fate sucmed to prevail , and some of tho women were perfectly heroic , pacing from cottngc to cottage , ' snying heartily , 'This is seeing both sides of it , but how it will make the cabbages grow and it is just what is needed for the turnips . ' A few dajs rolled away , the weather got fino and a scene more cheering you could not imagine . Everybody at work . Ono fine old fellow , I marked him in particular / a specimen of what England ' s sonB onco were , when broad bottomed chairs and oaken tables were the order of the day .- The look of

      him would have done old Cobbetts heart good as be snubbed the twigs and planted his hedge , his whole appearance indicating a love of bacon and heart y English cheer ; whether he knows ana loves farsonsas ke seems to do pigs I know Bot . But I conld likosome of the moustache gents , ' who , ringed and gloved , sneer at labour to have seen jam a . he lifted his white bat off h » head and iriped tho sweat from his open manl y brow whilst at the oth . r corner mi ^ ht be seen his two son ot work in the same field , and the old dame wasWng the door . stea , l with the cleanliness that alwavs dUtm-Qr \ t " I 18 * 6118 la-o «™ r ' s wife ; I said then that ortunewill thnve and timowiU pr 0 Te with tn « ir faffiiiy , nT * v 8 J comwtB with industry and nrudenco , -md to be unlucky whero there is a fair field for the exercise of your labour , argues but little in favour of all tuot is rcquisito for success in our undertaking .

      One more scene and I have done . It was twilight JusUs I retired from viewing tho Malvern Hills , tt > at ¦ dorious range- of mountains that tower upwards as if to i ' rown , and look down with broad summits as if to teach man the working and building of ages . Tho geologist looks upon them to traco tho age of the earth i : i the Ojclca of time ond imprint facts and revolutions in ' . be

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      Trrs Game Law is Francb .- ~ Two eperlsroen , ono of them furnished with a license aiad 'the other not . were last week out with their guns , near Lyons , when a garde-de-chasse was seen at a . little distance coming towards them . The unlicensed man became alarmed , and was about to fly , when his companion prevailed on him to stand his ground , engagingto bring him harmless out of the sorape . When the garde came within a certain distance , ho with the permit set off at the top of his speed , over hedge , over ditch , in true steeple-chaie style , leaving his friend immovable with astonishment . The garde at once

      concluded that the fugitive had good reason for his flight . and followed him till , ar a considerable distance , the flying sportsman stopped and allowed him * o come up . As soon as the gard q had recovered breath enough to speak , he demanded the other ' s license . Thi 3 was produced , examined , and , found to be perfectly regular . Disappointed ( ai $ vexed , the garde , in Doverygoed humour , asked " the bearer of it why he had fled so fast . The answer , was , " Only to stretch my legs ! ' To this there was no reply , In the meantime the unlicensed gentleman turned in the opposite direction , and reached home unmolested .

      Death fbom Impcrb Aia .-Before Mr Baker , jun ., at the Grasshopper public-heuse . Charlesittreet Mile-end , on view ofthe body of . RosinaEilis , aged three , years , an inmate of Christchurch Workhouse Mr Byles , surgeon , stated that , by the direction ol the o ' . crk ofthe board of guardians of Whitechapel union , he had called the present inquiry , in consequence ef a dangerous nuisance existing neax the workbonso , by which several persons haTe died from ( . he effects ef an ebnbxious effluvium , which is allowed toprcvail in the neighb 9 urhood . The deceased was attacked with diarrheoa during the last fortnight gradually sunk , and expired on Saturday last . . Witness attributed her death to an imnure atmoanhcre

      arising from nuisances in the neighbourhood , particularly the manufacture , of manure from nigbtaoiland bullocks' blood . The " process is carried on by allowing the substances used to dry by the sun = md wind , instead of being baked , or « vaporated by steam , as formerly . Tho windows of the workhouse baye been closed to prevent the Bmell affecting the children . Several children have died during the past week froai the same cause , and the mortality for the last quarter has exceeded five-fold that of any coriesponding periods for tho last several years . The jury expressed their surprise that such a nuisance shuild be allowed to exist , and said they ocrnltl scarcely live in their houses from tho offensive smell . They returned a verdict in accordance with

      the medic ; u testimony . Since the death , of Marshal Oudinot , Duke de Riggio , there are only two surviving out of the twenty-six marshals of the French empiro created by Napoleon . These are Marshal Soult , Duke de Dalmatie , who was promoted to the rank of marshal at the camp of Boulogne , in 1801 ; and Marshal Marmont , Duke de Raguse , who was nominated in 1 S 09 , but deprived of his rank in 1830 , for having refused to take the oaths of allegiance to the new dynasty . Tho late Marshal Oudinot , Dukede Reggio , had received forty-four wounda in different actions ,

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      world of matter with the certainty and exactness : of ' science . Mountaius overreach great thoughts ; ehiWi ea loam from them the ideas of grcatBtss [ . poets tee in them oceaas of thought . ; mathematicians weighaielr siz * ' and diitaube ' , and from them , dinpt ge ' omjitiy an ' d .-teach gaqpaphy ; the very language of ptoplewlio iiva amongwountainB i « different from thecitjhtrdof c ' U ' ttzens ; it is the'language of strength ' and % nal 6 gy , aiicV bears a relation to objects with the vividness of

      itripression of objects gr&nd and imposing in aspect and greatb ; contrast . There is a broad grandrar in 'tho huge < mountain that constrains you to admire and feel the dignity and benuty of nature , but it Is all , subjerv ' icnt to man , it finds wiihin him o ' representation , , o living thought , but eminently simple beeause of its truth to fact , Bubliaiity to feeling . Men ' * mind is aot tbe micro * coam but tho microeoBm of all nature , on it he builds art and with it he breathes inspiration * . l retired to a cottage burd by , my hostess . and host we ' re seated at the door gaz nit on tbeir allotment , and looking the index

      of that quietness of mind , the result of a happy tcsipctti . ment and pleasant a « soci < ition—when a friend catered , a descendant of a noble , family whose names sre written in the margin of history , a fine brawny frame , a face of rural colour , and lifting a white hat off a head not jet too old to think for '• - another fifty years , ' lie too ' * li ' B charmed pinch of snuff with tbe familiarity of a father . The good woman handed down a tatiteful box sajing , ' 'M y father used to take this to the Indies : ' there is something fine in this love of relic , this devotion to remembi ance , it . beloDgs to our peasantry , and freedom will nourish where it is nourished—sneer at it , if joa pkDse , but it betoken ) gratitude , dtvotu n , reiBembran . ee , uudlove , and these aro virtues . Swift who is always shrewd , somewhere says ' He who calls a man Hngratef al sum s Bp all the ills he can be guilty of . ' It i 9 the love of high aiptratioss that engecdors feeling and noble

      tbougUt . I havo a frisnd in London over whoso mantle * . piece hangs a twig of Hi ghland Mary ' s thorn , and yet . ntver did his knee how to king or priest , but the bare recollection of tho UBfortunato love of a Scottish poet , wins from him a holy devotion ; such a ventration cousti-. tutes a heroism that jonr men of mere frothy mental fermentation never knew . The friend lately introduced Bemned to feel a mpect for the favoured muff-box , and as I looked at him , and thoughtof his history and sharacter , his energy and simplicity , looked and . observed before me houses ereeted by his direction , and fields pro . bably measured by his hand , my soul whispered , with that inward consciousness that nuver errs , that security that is ov ; r correct , 'Great sir thy name is uot , written but ploughed in the histery of your country . A Leap feojithe Ankaisoi i SnoisAKiac Gakbet , Aburdecn , Sept . 14 tb .

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      «< Ctf . ENGAGEMEKT WITH PIRATES . Intelligence from Labuan and Berneo to tho 10 thof June , lias bpen received : — Attlie end of May tho Ntine » is steamer , having oa board Mr Brooke , Captain Grey , of H ; M . S . Columbine , and Lieutenant Gordon , ofH . M . S . Rojaiist , proceeded to Bruoi to ottHid the rnti 6 cotien ofthe treaty with the Sultan . On the 28 th of May tliu Sultan ratified the treaty , which Mr Brooke was to convey with him to Eng . land by tho steamer which left Pinfapore oh the 6 th of August . It was on the steamer ' s return from Bruni to Labu ^ n tbat she encountered the Balnnini pirates .

      Early on thoimorning of the 30 tU May , the Nemesis , with Mr Brooke and Captain Grey aboard , and having in tow a suiter of Il . M . S . Columbine , left the town of Bruni , to cross over to tho new British port of Labuan , Information was received on the way down the river that some fishermen had been chased at daylight , and on rounding the point of the Uland of Moarra , the look-out of tho Nemesis deserlea s fleet of Balaainl orSulo piraUsin full chase of a trading prabu in the offing . Immediately the steamer appeared , the pirates quitting the chase , pulled io shore to the westward , snd ' at the same time , cut away the small boats thuy had in tow , whilst tbe steamer , pursuing at full power , lost much ground fey haviDg to round the extensive shoal which stretches from Moarra Paint ( Ujong Sapn ) to tht islet of Piloag Pilongan . The Balanini were first descried at 9 30 a . m ., and about mld . day , finding the steamer gaining upon them , came to anchor .

      " At 1 p . m . the pirate fleet was plainly made out from , tfce Nomesls ; eluven large prahus , anchored ia line at a distance cf about ten yards one from another ) along a sandy btaehj with their heads to sea , their sterns { fast by stern warps ashore ) in the surf , and with a hawser passed along from boat to boat . The bowB of tlio prahus were protecUd by smpllans fcrmed of musket-proof planks ; they appeared well-arnsed , crowded with men , and in this formidable position awaited the approach of the steamer . At 1 80 the pirates opened fire on the steamer , and the action commenced in earnest at a dis . tance of about two hundred yards , the steamer being ta two fathoms of water , and rolling heavily in a ground swell .

      For two hours a heavy fire was kept up from the Nemesis , and ihe fire from the pirates being nearly silenced , and their prahus evidently greatly damaged , Captain Grey , with three cutters , ( one belonging to H . M : S . Co . lumbin ' e , and two te the H . C . steamer Nemesis , ) re . solved to make- a dash at the left of the pirates' poai . lion , whilst the steamer poured in grape and eannister upon the centra and right , to prevent their rendering aid to their comrade * . Oa the advance of cur threo small boats , the pirates , casting loose the hawssr which at . tacbed their prahus together , pulled away to the enst * ward in a crippled stale , leaving two prshus in posses , sion of our boats , and numbers of men on the beach or jungle . Tbe Nemesis pursued to the eastward , and one after another drove six of ! Le flying enemy ashore , all ol which were for the time abandomd b y their crews bat could not be taken possession of owing to tbe smalt number of our boats in the action .

      In tho meautimo whilst Captain Gray was securing the two prizes already mentioned to the westward , and the Nemesis in full parsuitofthe three last prahus to the eastward , five out of the six deserted boats wsro re . manned , and , with a resolution , praiseworthy in a better cause , bore down to the attack of eur three cutters . Cap . tain Wallage , commander of the Nemesis , pereeiving this manoeuvre , anxious for our overmatcked beats , anil convinced that these prahus reust at all events tscape to the westward , returned in that dirjetlon , while the . sixth deserted prabu being re . mannea , and favoured by . a breeze , crowded all sail to the eastward after htr three censorts , and thus the four escaped . The five pirate prahus how advaacing boldly towards our three cutters , perceiving the retrograde movement of tha Nemesis

      made erery effort to escape to tbe westward , ' and a severe action took pkco botwoen tha stornmost pr&hu and the boats , the enemy dtfending hlmwlf with tke utmost ic solution , end inflicting a severe loss en our party Whilst Captain Grey was engaged in the capture o ; this large prahu , the Nemtsis pursued the four to th < westward , two of which were captured , whilst the re maining two escaped in the darkness in a completel ; shattered state , after having besn several times deserte ! and as often re-mauned . ^ ThUB concluded this successfu action with a pirnte force consisting of eleven pr « hustwoof the largest size , four somewhat smaller , nitt crews of fully fifty men each , and fire with a comple . ment of fron tbirty . five to forty bands . The force ol the pirates at a moderate computation must be reckonec at 500 men , exclusive tf captives , and these , on thetesti . mony of some rescued Chiatse , were above a hundred persons . Itisdiffioult to ferm a correct estimate of the billed and wounded oa the oiiemy's part ; bnt , as forty te fiftj men were dead on the beach—ten men killed found is the captured prahus , and the like number in theprahui which escapod , besides those which may have died in the jungle , wemay reckon the killed at 80 or 100 men , and the wounded at double that number . The loss on the British side waa one man killed , and seven woundedtwo mortally and most severely . Ten brass gar-s , vary , ing in size from nine pounders to Lclas , and five iron guns , ( three to six pounders ) were oaptured . Five prahus were taken , and the escape ofthe rest is to be attributed to the small number of eur boats , as at onetime eight prahus were lying on the beach ' aban . dqned by their crews , aad had our boats been sufficient to secure then * the other tkree would have been over , taken by the Nemesis .

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      Dartpord Jbsticb . —To enable acts of parliament to bo ifhatthey were intended , pnblie benefits , it behotes that public to exercise prompt and vi gorous supervia ' on in their administration . Will it be believed that in a trial by jury at this age of iatel . lect and improvement , five men , ' respectable men could be found , so utterly lost to a sense of proprietv —to say the least of it—as to resort to the discredit ablo mode of tossing a halfpenny , to settle an i ^ sue ' to a right conclusion of which , on the merits of the case , they were either too lazy or too . incompetent to arrive ? Yet such a shameless perversion of L . tico actually took placoin tbe count y court of thit town a few days since . A baker was the eriginatoi ofthmummary mctkod ef'Dartford justice , ' ami had tho unblushing effrontery , asforeman of the five , to dehverthe sentence as a truo rerdicr . '

      IlEUOISM ReWAHDBD BY TUB KlXtt OF NoUWAY .-Uurlng the dreadful storm in November last . vear a Norwegian vessel , named the Elizabeth of Bergen , was totally wreoked off Gunwalloe , near Penzance , the captain , M . Niels Wuff Elerston . nnd his crew , being rescued by several men . rushing into tho sea , and securing a communication with the unfortunate vessel from the shore by niean 3 of a rope . A few . days since tho persoRs who sa nobly distinguished themselves , among whom were Mr Henry Ciittance of Gunwalloe , and Mr , Solomon Rowe of Porth ! e . \ ven , met Mr Pearce , the royal Swedish and Norwegian consul , by appointment , at the national EoUool-rotim at Ilelstone , who , in the name ef the king of

      Norway , presented them with' two silver cups and a purse of sovereigns with a vote of thanks for their important services . The caps bore an inscription , 1 From Oscar , King of S wedeu , for their bravo and noble exertions on the 20 th of November , 184 G . ' A boy , labouring under a disease presenting extraordinary symptoms , was lately admitted into Addcnbrooke' 8 Hospital , at Cambridge , and the surgeons were unab ' e to determine the nature of his complaint until they discovered thai a common bean had been forced up tho nasal passage " . This bean was extracted , and was found to have vegetated since it hr . d been imbedded , and to have produced a sprcut half an inch long . Tbfire arc thirty-six barristers and four ittorneys returned to the present parliament ,

      Colmttal Jafo: ; 3foftimu /Itwla««T«*L ^ .^R^: - ¦&Gt;• ..-. . " .

      Colmttal jafo : 3 foftimu / iTWlA «« t «* l ^ . ^ r ^ : - ¦>• ..-. . " .

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  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Oct. 2, 1847, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1438/page/7/