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Northern Star (1837-1852), 1st May 1847, Edition 1 of 3, Page 7, Untitled Article

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      Untitled Article

      • "Attdlwfllwar , at leastia werdi , ( As 4—ihoaHny chaaee m happen— 4 «« Js , ) Witaallwho warwitb . Thought !" ladnklhtarmUttla ldrdjwhoriasi ttspeopJeby-asd-by willbe thoitronger . "—B » o » .

      THE PRUSSIAN DIET . Although King Frederick William graciously in . famed the membera ef the Diet that it was not their grorinee to represent opinions ; and added his " royal word" that ha would not hare called them together if he had had the smallest suspicion that they would pby the part of " what are called representatives of thepeople , "—bis" dear LordsandBorghera seem to be resolutely bent upon running counter to the royal will and intentions . The " Address" in reply to the Kingfc speech , as presented to the Diet in its original form , most have been anything but "cakes aa I ale" to his Prussian Majesty ; and , indeed , as subsequently adopted , the pill is but sugared over , to enible his kingship to swallow the bolus with less of

      & wry face than he would hare shown if compelled to bolt die dose in its undisguised form . The original "Address" expressed pretty plainly the dissatisfaction of the Diet with the ordinance of the 3 rd of February , and demanded the convocation # ? periodicaHpariiamente , by reminding the King that the financial laws of 1820 and 1823 rendered it imperative to submit to an annual assemblage of the States an account of the finances of the kingdom . Farther , the " Address" refused toacknowledge that the United Diet could be replaced by other represen tative bodies in the functions which belong to it as an assembly of the States of the kingdom ; and that the advice and concurrence of the Diet was hence forth requisite for all the general laws Baring for

      their object changes in the rights of persons or pro per tv , or in levying taxes , and could not be supplied bv the opinions of provincial diets or united committees . Lastly , the " Address" contained hint * of the grief the Diet felt at some portions of the royal speech , and the conscientious compulsion which indaced the members to declare their determination to uphold the rights of the States . * This "Address " was proposed by Count Schwerin . and seconded by Beckerath , one of the Commons ' depaties from the Rhine . If the "Address" spoke plainly , the speeches in support of the address were still more significant . Foreign as well as home qnestionswere discussed in a manner that must sh » w Frederick-William how little disposed some of the

      deputies are to respect his admonition against representing " opinion ! . " Hanseman , the parliamentary leader in the provincial state of Rhenish Prussia , " not content with confining himself to legal or constitutional arguments , launched into the great ocean of European politics ; declared that Prussia , without , national unity , menaced by two colossi empires , by Russia and by Franca , cauld never successfully resist both or either , except by the creation of a free nationality , in which prince and people would join . Prussia , ires and united , dragged Germany after her , or rather represented Germany ; and he felt , when he spoke thus , that there were behind him , sot fifteen millions of Prussians , but twenty-five millions of German ? . What they debated , therefore , was not merely the freedom and happiness of Prussia , bat those of Germany and of Europe . " The

      Marshal of the Diet iirove id vain to repress thiaunlookedfor eloquence , which , strange to say , appears in full inihz Prussian Gazette . CouatArnun , one of the Pru « ian Ministry , replied to the opposition , defended the King ' s speech , and proposed the omission of certain pottion * of the "Address , " and the subatitation of words of lea significance . Baroa Auerswald , of Konigsberg , proposed to preface Count Arnim ' s amendment by the declaration that the States deemed themselves possessed of all the rights Allotted to the Imperial States , by the edicts of the late King , in 1320 and 1823 . Oa being put to the rote Count Arnim ' s amendment was rejected — . 290 for , 303 against . Baron Anerswald ' s amendment was carried by rising and sitting , by a large majority . Finally , for the " Address" thus modified , there appeared 484 votes , against 107 .

      Untitled Article

      ¦ — i ^^—B ^ i ^ a . ^ constitute the most numerous , enterpruing , intelligent ' andsuccestral sectiou of tbem . ¦ . ' ¦ nuuaT'oabu . la Prussia every man is trained to the use of arms ; butthereisalsoa doss who embrace themufairy career as a profession for life . These are the member ! of the standing army—the military teachers of thepeople . This class , well-iustraeted and proud of its position , may amount to 80 , 000 men , o £ whom 9 , 500 are officers of all ranks . The number ef civil official * is estimated at about four times that of the permanent army . This estimate , however , excludes all the provincial officials elected for limited terms by their feuow-cUfcens . The rural population of Prussia is estimated to amount to 74 per cent , of the whole ; the town population to 26 per cent . the raovmem . diets . constitute the most numeroiw , enterprMnRiuteUieent

      With respect to the organisation of the Prussian state , the most interesting } nr . itation at this moment is the Pro * vincial land-stand . They owe their present constitution to the royal ordoanance of the 5 th of Juae , 1833 . These assemhliesara composed of the high nobility of the pro * v \ hcB sitting in their own right , and of the representatives of the three orders—equestrian , burghers , and peasants . Of tile eight provinces , only four have nobility of the bigh ebus among their members—Sil « ia , 8 axony , Westphali a , and the Rhine Province . The composition of these provincial assemblies is as follows : —Prussia , 97 members : 47 representatives of the equestrian order , 23 of the burghers , and 22 of the peasants . Posen , 48 members : 24 representatives of the equestrian order , 16 of the burghers , and 8 of the peasants . Braudenbargh ,

      70 members : 35 representatives of the equestrian order , 23 of tha burghers , and 12 of the peasants . Pomerania , 59 members : 35 representatives of the equestrian order , 16 of the burghers , and 18 oftbe peasants . Silesia , 84 members : 6 of the high nobility , 36 representatives of the equestrian order , 23 of the burghers , and 14 of the peasants . Saxony , 73 members : 6 « f the high noHHtj , 30 representatives of the equestrian order , 24 of the burghers , and 13 of the peasants . Westphalia , 71 mem . bars : 11 of the high nobility , 20 representatives of the equestrian order , 20 oftbe burghers , and 20 of the peasants . Rhine Province , 79 members : 4 of the high nobility , 25 representatives of the equestrian order , 25 of the burghers , and 25 of the peasants . —By the ordonnance of June 21 , 18 * 2 , the permanent committees of tha

      then provincial assemblies who may be convened for deliberation on matters of general interest , were created . The committees are elected by the Staude , and an absolute majority of votes is required for each member . The number of the commutes is twelva in all the provinces : in Prussia , Posen , Brandenburgh , Pomerania , Silesia , and Ssxooy , the committees consist of six of the high nobility and representatives of the equestrian order , or of six of the latter , four of the burgher , and two of the peasent representatives . In Saxony , Westphalia , and the RHine Province , there are four of the first and second class , fonr of the third , ani four of the fourth . It is upon these 95 members of the standing committees that the king ha * conferred the right to assemble and deliberate in Berlin on a limited range of public affairs , and to have their debates published .

      THE CENTRAL DIET . Our author remarks that hitherto there have been no political parties in Prussia . They will ba created by the Diet about to assemble in Berlin , if the king and it agree ling enoagfc to admit of its striking root quietly . Bnt the exact distribution of power under ' this constitution it is not easy to conjecture beforehand . The Equestrian order will have a leaning to the class ef nobles ; but every proprietor of a . fivttr-gut , whatever his birth , belongs to this order . In the more commercial and manufacturing provinces there will be a consider able democratic admixture even in this class : the tioei homines of the Equestrian order will lean to the burghers . On the other band , the high nobility , the greater part of the Equestrian order , and the peasants , will constitute an agricultural interest But the composition of the hi » h nobility class isnot uniform . In Silesia two princes and a duke have each a vote ; nine of the mediatised

      nobles only three votes among them . la Saxony three nobles sit and vote ; two prebendal chapters are represented each by one of their number elected for each meeting , and one sovereign prince names a representstlve of the Equestrian order in virtus of property he possesses ia the province . The eleven high nobles of Westphalia , and the four ef tha Rhine Province , each it and vote in person . The amount and kind of in- j fluence exercised by these parties mast vary consider . ' ably . D . ference of race will tell in some of tha pro . vinces : the influence of great ecclesiastical corporations ( as at Cologne ); of enterprising merchants andmanufac . turns ( as ia Westphalia ); of universities ( as at Konigsberg ) . in others . Again , the committees will experience a modification in thsir character from the circumstance of the proportions of the four classes being different in them from what they are in the Staide . Time alone can show to what extent this new Diet is qualified to be an organ of popular sentiment and opinion .

      Untitled Article

      MOVEMENTS OF THE WEEK . The return of the Customs' revenue of France for the first quarter of the present year , published in the Mamteur of Friday , exhibits a serious falling off ia the receipts , as compared with the two preceding years . Our readers will observe a statement from the Siecle , showing the corrupt and enormous expenditure of the present Government . With an increasing expenditure and a decreasing revenue , Louis Philippe will not find ba 3 Government" growing stronger as he grows older . The famine , although not yet " sore in the land , " is likely to become so .

      The probabilities are strong that the general scarcity will not be banished by the ensuing harvest , in which case France is likely to be a severe sufferer . Should these fears be realised , convulsions will undoubtedly be caused thereby , which may threaten , and possibly overthrow the existing order of things In another column , our readers will observe a revelation of the horrors of slavery in the French colonies made to the Chamber of Deputies on Monday last , and which excited an unanimous hurst of horror and

      indignation . The explosion of feeling was such , that , despite the opposition of the Colonial Minister , M . Guizot deemed it prudent to permit the petitions ( against slavery ) , on which the debate had arisen , to be referred to the President of the Council , the Colonial Minister , and the Minister of Justice . M . Ledru Rollin deserves the thanks of the human race for his courageous exposure of the miscreants who dishonour France and outrage humanity , by the cruelties he has unveiled .

      The new Spanish Ministry has brought forward a series of measures well calculated to speedily abridge their term of office . The new ministers were never Very popular , but not content with damaging themselves , they seem determined to nip in the bud he new-born popularity of the unhappy Queen . Amongst the ministerial measures is a project of law on the press , which the Clamor Publico declares is a most infamous measure , " engendered by a spirit of fear , blindness , and fanaticism . " A second measure is a scheme of gigantic robbery , unequalled since

      the alienation of the property of the Church . We are no friends to Churches , and least of all such Churches as the Spanish Establishment ; nevertheless , a corrupt and lazy priest is , after all . lessof a blood-sucker than is a scheming , bustling , grasping , money-juggling usurer . Now it was not for the benefit of the Spanish nation , bnt to gorge the ravenous maw of the stock-jobbing scoundrelocracy , that the property of the Spanish Church . was some years ago alienated . The scheme of plunder now brought forward by Salamanca , the Minister of

      Finance , is for the purpose of selling property belonging to poor-houses , colleges , towns , moegtrasgos , comraanderies of the Order of St John , and the other military orders , vacant , or that shall become vacant ; and of all other immoveable property belonging to the State not applied to the public service , of whatever origin , nature , and class it may be , and though Us produce or revenue may have a special application . " The system adopted for the payment of such property by the Government will , " says the project of ! aw , " consist of the admission of three per cent , paper . The whole of the debt resulting from the operation will not be extinguished , a portion of the proceeds of the pro

      perty belonging to the towns will be converted into transferable scrip , and delivered to them for the [; successive receipt of income of greater amount than 1 what they actually receive . " Thus says the project ; I but this sort of compensation will not satisfy the I people , they having no confidence in the Govern . ] ment , believing its " paper" to he like itself—I worthless . We have not space to comment oa this measure as it deserves—an unblushing scheme of plunder , which will fill to overflowing tbe cup of misery prepared for ' the Spanish people , b , y tbe crucifying usurers . A commission has bee / i appointed to . inquire into the claims of the public creditor , with a view to the settlement of the , i 8 ot in accordi ance with the " nat io ai honour // The best way

      Untitled Article

      for the Spaniards to settle the debtvis to repudi ate it . The creditors , both domestic : and foreign , ad . vanced their money for the villanous ' purpose of sucking the Spanish people " to the end of time ;" and the Spanish ' people would be fully justified in defending themselves by an act of Repudiation . As for our own countrymen who * advanced money " on the faith of Spanish credit , " they deserve never to receive a farthing of principal or interest in return . The money they advanced was not their own—they must have plundered their own toiling countrymen to become possessed of it . Secondly , instead of expending the money in their own country for the elevation of their own unhappy fellowcountrymen , which they might have done with fn ^ ^

      profit to themselves , they preferred to appropriate it towards enabling the wretches calling themselves Liberals , to erect a moneyjobbing despotism in Spain more cruel than the rule of the Inquisition . Thirdly , their design was to become enrolled in the list of Spanish taxeaters , fattening on the labour of the Spanish people as our debt-robliers gorge themselves on the twenty-seven millions of " interest" they wring annually from the people of this country . We repeat that REPUDIATION both of debt and taxes , to which might be added the hanging up of the principal knave 3 within the reach of the Spanish ' people , would be the best " first step" in the way of " reform" the Spaniards could possible take .

      A similar reform is sorely needed in Portugal , where our blessed protegee , Donna Maria , reigns over—a part of Lisbon , protecledin her Government by the cannon of an English fleet , and the assurance that when the worst comes British soldiers and sailors will ensure her personal safety . The worst seems to be not far off , as , according to the latest accounts , Sa da Bandeiraand Mello were menacing

      Lisbon with a force superior to that at the command of the Queen . The sound advice said to have been tendered by the British envoy has been rejected by her ridiculous " Majesty , " who will yield nothing until she is compelled , and will be sure , as soon after that as possible , to revoke all she may have previously yielded . " When the dovil was sick , the devil a saint would b «; When the davilgot well , the devil a saint was he !"

      This has been , and will be , the case with " her most faithful Majesty ]; " and if the Portuguese ever trust her again they will richly deserve the natural consequences of their folly . According to German " papera , all the officers of the Austrian army who are members of societies against cruelty to animals , either in the Austrian dominions or in other countries , have received orders to withdraw immediately frota those societies . Quite consistent . What a farce it would be , after Emperor Metternich organising the massacres in Gallicia , for him to allow his slaves to show sympathy for dogs , horses , &c ! " - .

      There is no change in the hostile attitude' of the Turkish and Greek governments . Greece is in a wretched state of disorganisation . A town in Peloponysiahas been totally destroyed . in an election contest between two partisans of the present government . The military force supported the one , the naval force the other ; between both the townspeople were massacred , and the town pillaged and reduced to ashes ! Gore andJJlory is the order of the day in Mexico , where the Americans are doing their best to imitate the crimes of the monarchies they affect to despise . Verily they shall have their reward !

      Untitled Article

      — *— - CAPE OF GOOD HOPE . Arrivals have come to hand from Graham ' s Town to the 25 rd of February , and Cape Town to the 3 rd ot March . Sir H . Pottinger landed at Elisabeth Town on the evening of Friday , the 19 th of February . He was to leave for Graham ' s Town on Tuesday morning , having been detained by floods . An encomiastic address was presented by the inhabitants ' of Port Elizabeth , and a somewhat school-mastering reply returned . The new commander-in-chief accompanied the governor . Cape Town and its vicinity had been subjected to a long continuance of great heat . The air . however , was nerfeetlv nniw . and

      nothing was complained of but the heat . The high temperature and south-east winds continued at the time of the last despatches , when "the country was dreadfully parched , and the roads being composed of materials which require a great quantity of water to make them bind , stood as much in need of rain as the gardens and fields . " Heavy rains had fallen in the north-west and midland districts . On the eastern frontier the Kaffir outrages continued—numerous small parties had been seen all over Lower Albany , and many valuable cattle had been driven away . ' FRANCE .

      It is stated that on the occasion of the Russian Autocrat ' s visit to Stutgardt . the Dukes of Nemours and Aumale will proceed thither to invite the Cfcar to Pans . The Siecle states that the extraordinary credits demanded of the Chamber of Deputies by the Ministers average daring ordinary years 150 . 000 F . This year they amount to the enormous sum of 880 . 000 F . "The famous mission to-China , " adds the Siecle , " cost the Treasury 5 , 280 , 901 f . ; but the committee on the budget forgot to ask the Minister for Foreign Affairs what advantage has been derived from it . The mission of M . Sartigues to Persia had a tri ple object—political , religious , and ' commercial—which object has ) been obtained in an admirable manner . In Persia our friends of the same religion with ourselves are persecuted , and our merchants are expelled . The absurd and ridiculous mission ' to La Plata figures for 338 , 023 f ., but as nothing is terminated

      , it remains open for the expenses of the new negotiator . The journey of the Ambassador to Morocco cost but 86 , 701 f . The committee was amazed at the moderation of the account , which produced us , according to M . Guirot , the eventual moral support of the powerful Abderrahman . The expenses relative to the conclave for the nomination of the new Pope amount to 40 , 000 f . ; the journey ol Ibrahim Pasha to 45 , 731 f . The journey of the Bey of Tunis cost 30 . 000 f . May the spleen of England aot oblige us to pay dearly for the visit of those two allies of France ! Our extraordinary success in Spain cost us 200 . 000 F . allowed to M . Bresson to defray theexpensesof thematrimonialrejoieings . " On Tuesday the debate opened the project of law for granting an extraordinary credit of one million of francs for the secret service . The debate was of more than ordinary violence .- The sum demanded was , however , voted by an immense majority , —220 for , 56 against . ¦¦ ¦¦¦¦ ¦¦ ¦¦¦ ' . .

      SPAIN . A decree in the Gazette of April 15 th , nominates a commission charged with drawing up a project of law for the settlement of the debt . - New projects of law on the press , the sale of state property , and other matters , bave been prepared by the government . These measures are not calculated to increase the popularity of the government . The Fomento , of Barcelona , announces the arrest of the celebrated eabeciUa , Jose Boschy Biancb , called the Penitent of Finestras , and chief of one of the Carlist bands of 20 men . The unfortunate partisan was shot the next day . The National ( Paris paper ) has been prohibited in Spain . . PORTUGAL .

      The Civil War . —Accounts from Lisbon of the 20 th ult . have arrived . The whole of the Queen ' s troops on the south of the Tagus , with the exception of 600 men , who , with General Schwalback , have shut , themselves up in the fortress of Elvas , have recrossed to the north , and fairly abandoned all Alemtejo and Algarve to the Patulea . The force of Count de Mello ( the insurgent General ) was joined on the 17 th by Viscount Sa da Bandeira with 1 . 50 ft men , and the two together now muster upwards of 5 , 000 well-drilled and weU-araed volunteers , with nine field-pieces , and about three hundred cavahy . The main body of the insurgents * is at St Ubes , wkb an advanced post on the hill or' I ' almeUa , which eomruands a'l the surrounding country , and tb » old castle of whieb they have victualled , and put in , a formidable state ot defence . The Patnlea hate other forces at Evora , Portalegre . Narva ^ Faro , and Logos ana , in faet , are masters ot ' the whole counts ; beyond theTagus-.

      | Saldanhas . army , instead of taking OportoV has been feting- the Queen ' s birth-day at Qlivoira de Azemis , as one of the-officers records in the Diarir with this drafting bombast : — " In the whole world thine does not exist a Sovereign so beloved and adored by his or her subjects as her Majesty the Queen , of Portugal ! " This while half her kingdom has been in open rebellion for six months ! The i warrior bard goes on to say , thai "Nature rejoieed at tho coming round of so joyful a day , and without doubt it was of itself the finest day of the present year . The weather in Portugal , then , is far more loyal than the people . The Queen's anniversary , he adds . waB celebrated by * pasieio mttilar ( military promenade ); and wh y did they not walk in the direction of Oporto ana take it ? Four hundred and forty officers subsequently eat down together in a huge tent / and ; oreatly daring-dined ! Sensible 1 fellows . .. * ¦ ,..

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      Untitled Article

      tinTTot . « ¦ ' ^ M 0 N D AY , Ariia 28 . a HOUSE OF LORDa-ABMr -Sektioi Biw ..-Earl Grey moved the , yecondreading of the Army Service Bill , ™?^ , iv i lw 8 l ( ' '" ( Jllll » tw » - ^ the past « and ITT ItTi > 8 ? ldiir ' ofwhat hadben done abroad nndat * ome , referring particularly and in detail to the gradual decrea , e of corporal punishments and the advantage , resulting from the « st » Wl « taS of , £ . tary prisons where ^ they were most required ? anShe adoption of cells in barracks for the inflicLn of soUtlrJ confinement . He wa . afraid it would be premature to part with the power of inflicting corporal punishment altogether ; but , under all circum . tauccs . it was important that an efficient substitute should be provided He considered the best mode of getting rid of a bad soldier was to make dismissal a punishment , and to let it be understood by the public thatitwaj a punishment by which means the inflictiou of the lash might be got rid of . Corporal punishment did not exist in the polioe force , because misconduct was visited by dismissal , and it was felt to be a severe punishment . At present , the best soldier had the privilege of an early discharge ; this was a circumstance which oucht to be reversed , and the bad soldier told that he should nothaye tbe benefit of re . maining in the army . The noble earl then referred to the advantage which wouW result from having in the country , after the limited period of enlistment had been

      completed , a numerous force of trained soldUrs , that could be called on for its defence in any emergency ; a policy more necessary in continental nations , perhaps , but still he thought England had hitherto trusted too much for her safety to her insular position . Vir . ountCoMBEEKEEB moved that the bill be read a second time that day six mouths , on the gtouud that it would in no way improve thB condition of the army , and induce the old soldiers to leave it . The Duke of Welhnoton said that if the measure were calculated to deprive the army of its old soldiers , he should be the fit » t to oppose it ; but having fully considowdthe subject , his opinion was that it would not have that effect . The army had carried on operations in all quarters of the globe to a success ul result , but that could not have been effected without the highest state of discipline and the best troops in the world , and above

      all , by the bravery of old si > ldiers . He trusted nothing would deprive them of the services of old and experienced men , and thus expose the country to disgrace and lQks ; but bis opinion was , considering all the circum . stances which accompany the present m «» ure , the ad . vantage which the soldier enjoys already , and that which It provides , it would not have that effect . All he could say ' was , that if parliament passed the bill , he should do bis best to carry it into execution ; and blirg convinced that it might be adopted without risk of losing tbe ser- » vices of old soldiers , and being certain that it was the wish of the government , as well as his own , to retain those services , he earnestly recommended their lordships to pass it . With regard to corporal punishment , be sincerely hoped that , circumstances , combined with the substitution of imprisonment , might enable them so to diminish it .

      The bill waa opposed by the Duke of Richmond . Lord , de Ros , the Duko of Cleveland , Lord Stanley , the Earl of Hardwicke , and Lord Brougham ; the last-named noble lord advising their lordships to let the British army alone , and insisting upon it that the Commander-in-chief would never have proposed such a measure , as was maui . fest from ' the evidently reluctant support which he ga ^ eit . ¦ • Tbe Marquess of Lan 3 oowhs supported the bill , and after E « l G bet had replied , T he house divided , when the numbers were—For the second readiag 108 Against it 94 Majority for second reading ... —U ., Th « ir lordships adjourned at twenty minutes past 12 o ' clock . . HOC 5 E OP COMMONS The secondreadin ? of the Westminster and Lambeth . bridgo BUI was lost , on division , by a majority of 15 . . . ,

      Mr WASLEr presented a petition from Mary Young , of FtnchaRiiiu Norfolk , complaining of the conduct of the committing magistrate towards her . boy . The hoa . member said , that on the 9 tu of December , 1940 , the petitioner ' s husband sent his son ,, a boy of fifteen years of age , ob a message to the superintendent of police . When the bey appeared there , the superintendent said , " That ' s the boy that stole the spoons nine months ago . " The boy was consequently charged before the magistrate notwithstanding that the charge was distinctly repu * diated , and before the magistrate , when the petitioner stated that a witness , Small by name , in court , could prove that the bey was absent rive miles from the place of the robbery at the time in question , but the magistrate

      would not hear Small apon ins oath . The boy was therefore remanded to Swaffnam gaol for nine days , an 4 during that period both the silversmiths to whom the spoons had been offered for sale were confronted with him , when both positively said the boy was not the same person . Tbe boy was discharged ; but In consequence of the Ul condition of the cell in whioh he bad beea confined , for nine days , he had been seized with inflammation in the hip joint , which would make him a cripple tor lif « . The petitioner ' s husband , iu consequence of his anxiety and the exposure to which he was subjected , had become i ! l and died , The hon . Member hoped that the satement of the c « e would receive the attention of the S : cretary for the Home Department .

      -Mr Hocasosf Hinde presented a petition from the magistrate complained of , praying the House to receive With caution the statement contained in the' petition of Mary Young , and denying the correctness of the assertions made therein . ; . '•• ¦ ' .

      Sir 6 Gbet said that , ivith regard to the petition pr « - seuted by the bon . gentleman , the facts had not as yet been brought under hi * notice . When he received an official intimation of the facts he should be better able to judge what course should be ' pur 3 ued , ' The Lord Advoc * tb , in answer to Sir A . 1 . Hty , stated that it was his intention to retain the clause in the Scotch Registration Bill which went to deprive schoolmasters of the power of holding the office of registrar or deputy-registrar under it . With regard to the Marriage Bill , he admitted that it imposed great restrictions , by allowing marriages only in one or other of two ways , either by solemnisation in the presence of a clergyman or by registration ; and with respect to the latter mode , ' then that both or nt least one of the ' contracting parties should bave been resident in the district in which the marriage waB to ba registered for a certain number of days , due notice having been given to tbe registrar of

      their mtontiou to contract . One of the grenc ohjectB of the bill was to puV an end to Gretna-green marriages , which it would do , and if the operation of the measure should render it less likely that parties should marry by registration than before a clergyman , he did not think that such a result could be considered as objectionable . Emigration to the United States . —Lord G . Bentinck was desirous of drawing the attention of Lord J . Russell to a law which had been recently passed in jthe states of New York and Massachusetts , by which the captain of an emigrant ship was obliged to enter into a bond of 300 dollars , anA the shipper into one of 1 , 000 dollars , that no emigrants should become chargeable as paupers for ten years . As these laws would have the effect of driving emigrant paupers to Canada and Newfoundland , be wished to know whether the government were cognisant of their passing , and , if so , whether any provision had heen made to prevent such emigrants from being subjected to privations . ¦ ¦ ¦

      Lord J .. Russell was not aware that the bills bad passed , though he knew they had been under considtra . tion , and rrere strongly opposed by the shipping interest in America . The American minister , to whom be had applied , - . was of opinion that in New York and Boston , emigrants would only be , subjected to the laws which had hitherto applied to them . As regarded the increase of pauper emigration to Canada , which would undoubtedly be the resjilt . of such measures , the govern , ment had proposed an increase on the vote of last year for taking . care of emigrants in hospitals , and supplying the means of fovwardiug them on to their locations , but it might be fouud neeessary-to propose some further measures on the subject .

      Education , —Lord 1 , KusaEt-t , in moving the order of the day far the reception ot the report of the resolution on education , availed liinvself of the opportunity to give a most sati&fswtovy account of the circumstances under which he . had refused the application made to him on the 17 th of April last by some Roman Catholic bishops , for a personal interview with him on the 19 th on the subject of the minutes of education . Hit hoped that in his former speeches be had made it distinctly understood that there was no intention on the part of . the government to exclude the Roman Catholics from this grant , buttbat there was a necessity to frame afresh minute respectrag them , which must be considered very carefully before it was pcomulgftted , A . s vift instance of . tto cate ntoten

      would be requisite in framing such a minute , no person in holy ordcrs-of the Church of Kngland was allowed to be a schoolmaster iu iho schools of the Church of England assisted by this-graut , hi order to prevent a notion trom gsttlng abroad , that what had been asked for education was expesdcl on the Church . Now , in fram . ing a minute for tho Roman Catholics , it would bs necessary to Qfovide that uo person in holy orders of that Church ,, either as a secular or a regular priest should , be paid ha a schoolmaster in the Roman' Oatholic : schools ; for it wouM net . be right to grant an indulgence to the Roman Catholic Church wtu'jh we refused to the Church of England , Now , theve was in the Roman Catholic CUurch an order called

      ths Christina Brotherhood , vvliicn was said not to be ia tolv ordeifs , but which took a very active part in the work » t' education . , Tbeiv position would require very grave consideration in drawing up any minute affecting the Komau Catholic schools . Ministers would be ready to pay attention to this subject in a snort time ; and he assured the house that , ao far as they were concerned , they had never entertained any intention to exclude the Roman Catholics from tho benefit of these minutes He thought that the grants should be made as useful as pos . siblo to all classes of Her Majesty ' s subjects . SirG . CLEBK put three questions - relative to the employment of pupil teachers in Scotland , the increase of the small salaries paid to the parochial schoolmasters of th&t . country , and to their . right to claim the ' retiring penlions given to tho schoolmasters m the schools under \ U Privy Council , . -

      Lord J . Rdsseu replied , that as the subject to which Sir G . Clerk had referred had not been under the conBl . deration or the Committee of Privy Council , any answer Hfhioh . he might . now give to his queiles must bVconai .

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      dered merely as his ownV " Aidwas glreni v ' tnesVmi ; nutes only to voluntary schools and voluntary nssocia . thns contributingfunds of their own , The increase of the stipends of the schoolmasters to whom Sir G- . Olerk alluded , and the grant of retiring pensions to them ' must ba accomplished by some other measure , than tha present . Sir W . MoiBswoBTH then rose and moved the follow , ing amendment : — " That any minutes of the Commlttea of thePriry Council on Education , or other regulations , which exclude Roman Catholics from participating ia any grant of public money for purposes of education , by requiring in all schools which receive such grants of public money tbe use of tbe authorized version of the

      Scriptures , are inexpedient and ought to he rescinded . " He contended that the government should come at once to the determination to admit the Roman Catholics to a participation in tbe bene 8 ts which it was proposed by this grant to confer upon their Protestant fellow-subjeots , and the object of his amendment was to enable ttwrn , should they adopt it , to do so . There wasn » class of her Majesty ' s subjects which stood more in need of education , and of assistance to promote it , than did the Catholics . The honourable baronet took a survey of the numbers and educational wants of the Catholic population of this country , Their number he believed to be about 800 , 000 . In Liverpool alone there wera about 6 , 000 Catholic children requiring education , and who could not receive it if the State withheld its aid . He could not see , considering the important nature of

      the rights which bad recently been extended to the Catholics , how the government could now deny them what might be regarded as minor rightB and privileges He disputed the alleged impartiality ef the present " measure , which had been to emphaticall y asserted by Mr Macaulay , denying that nny educational scheme could be impartial whteh . excluded 80 , 000 Catholics from , tua benefits of it 3 operation . He would not press his amendment if Lord John Russell would pledge himself to bring the case of the Catholics before parliament during the present session , and he relied upon tho generosB sentiments expressed a , few evenings ago by Sir R . Peel and Sir J . Graham to secure the votes of those two right honourable gentlemen for his proposition , should he be obliged topress the house to a division , Mr B . Escott seconded the amendment

      Sir G . Gbet . had expected , after the declaration just made by the noble lord , and after the views which had on previous occasions been expressed by other members of the Cabinet , that it would not hare been thought necessary by the hon . baronet to press such a motion as he had just laid before the house . . The government was not only desirous of , but pledged itself to an early consL deration of the question , arid to propose such minutes as might enable them to carry their intentions with regard to the Roman Catholics into effect . He could give no distinct pledge at present to bring the matter under tho oonsideration of Parliament during tbe present session . In an electioneers g point of view , he thought the government had every thing to gain , instead of to lose , from bringing the matter to as early a decision as possible , so that tbe charge made by some of postponing its consideration for such purpose was altogether unfounded . The government would take the question into its consideration as early as possible , but could give no positive pledge that anything definite would be effected before the close of the present session .

      LordH . Vane trusted that the declaration made by Lord J . Russell and several of his colleagues would be deemed satisfactory by the friends of the Catholics iu tbe house . He would , therefore , recommend Sir W . Moleiworth to withdraw his motieu for the present , and to reBt satisfied with the pledges which had been gi * en . Sir R . H . Imglh felt called upon to give bia decided opposition to any measure , come from ^ what quarter it might , which involved further concessions to the Roman Catholics , and charged Sir R . Peel with attempting to outbid Lord J . Russell for Catholic and liberal supporj , by the expression which he had recently used in reference to the Catholic body . To permit the Catholic * to participate in a State grant for education would be the first step towards the endowment of the Roman Catholic priesthood .

      Sir R . PEEt had no object in outbidding the noble lord , in the sentiments which he had expressed to . ward the Catholics , for Catholic and Liberal support , as he was charged with having done . The honourable baronet set down the number of the Roman Catholics in England at 800 , 000 , and what political object could be ( Sir R . Peel ) have in view in conciliating about the ( brty . eighth part of the population ! He had ho political object in view , but thought himself warranted in acting as be had acted , and in saying what he had said . Considering the feelings which seemed to actuate many parties in the country towards the Catholic body , ho much doubted whether , in advocating at present the claims of the Catholics , he would have promoted any political object , had he been actuated by any . The right bonourablegentleman then adverted , with somewarmtb .

      to the insinuation of infidelity which had been madesoma evenings ago by Mr Plumptre , against those who wished to estend the benefits of education to the Roman Catholics . So gross a charge would not induce him to retort upoH the honourable gentleman ; but he could not believe "that God , who was tbe author of peace and lover of concord , and who had given us the commandment to believe in tbe name of Christ , and to love one another , could regard us at fulfilling that comniandment by bating one another , and by leaving thousands and tens of thousands of children , who are commanded to believe in the name of Christ , to pass through life , and be ushered into eternity , without ever hearing of that name . " He then adverted to the difference which existed between a Minister having the respon . sibility of a measure resting upon him , and a private

      member of the house . The form er might often have to content himself with measures which fell far short of what his conscience might dictate . He was surprised that Sir W . Moleaworth had claimed his vote for his proposition . ' . When he had stated his opinion in refer , enee to the claims of the Catholics , he stated , at tha same time , that he weuld not concur in any vote which would embarrass the present measures of government . He would give no vote which would act by way of com . pulsion upon the government , unless it manifested an unwillingness to do what he was disposed to think right towards the Catholics . No suchunwillingness bavin ; been manifested , the government had done nothing to disentitle it to the confidence of the house , or to call upon them to compel it to do that which it had already promised to do ,

      Mr V . Smith urged the government to grant tho Catho . lies their rights at once . Mr M . J . O'Conneu ,, after thanking Sir W . Moles , worth , in the name of the Catholics both of England nnd Ireland , and afjer declaring that the opinion de . Uvered by Sir R . Peel and by various members of the cabinet were exceedingly valuable , regretted that the go . vernment , in framing its scheme for education , had made the Roman Catholic body the only exception to it , He said this less in the spirit of complaint than of com . passion . Whatever injury the government had done to > the Catholics in the matter , it had done far more to itself . If there were difficulties in the way of Ministers , they had only aggravated those difficulties . Mr Low , Mr Liddell , Mr More O'Ferrall , Mr M . Milnes ,. Mr Agiionby , Mi ? Newdegate , Mr Bellew , and Sir Walter James , on various and differing grounds supported tbe Minister , and recommended the withdrawal of theamendment . r

      Mr S . Hebbbbt thought that tho noble lord would find the ; difficulties ef his position greatljr aggravated by delay . ¦ ¦ -. ¦ ¦ - . Mr Roebuck observed , that if tho interpretation put upon the declarations of the noble lord by those who attributed to him a desire to bring the case of the Catholics this session under their consideration , and to include them in the vote of £ 100 , 000 , all difficulty would disappear ; but if such were not the noble lord ' s intention , he trusted Sir W . Molesworth would press his amendment . How eame it that Mr Sheil and Mr Wyae —both formerly « o eloquent in . behalf of the Catholics —were so silent on this important occasion 1 After having voted eight millions , partly to conciliate the-Irisb . people , the government was now insulting them by making the paltry sum of one hundred thousand pounds

      the battle-field ef prejudice and bigotry . The Irish ia our manufacturing towns were , of all others , those who were most in want of the fostering wire of education . He objected to the principle of the whole scheme . The . government said by it , " Well give you money ,, if you give us money for the purpose o £ educating the people . " By such a principle the pooren districts would be the least aided , whereas the poorer-districts should be the most assisted . The noble lord > looked at him with a smile ot triumph , aware as he was- of the majority which he had in the house ; but he waznedthe noble lord that that majority might change . - The noble lord * nnd his colleagucB had , without any merits of their own , beea placed on the Treasury bench by n most" eccentric fortune , " without anything to support them but the " extravagant dissensions- of their meet unwise opponents . " *

      Lord Jons Russbm . was satisfied with the confidencewhich had been reposed by Sir R Peal ) Mr Sydney Herbert , Mr More O'PemU , Mr Bellew , ; and others i » thedeclarations and pledges of the gov ^ inment , and the de . sire which they had expressed that tbe amendment be . fore the house shoald be withdrawa , and being also sa . tisfied with the- distrust expressed by Mr Roebuck , h » would not enter- isto further explanations In reference to-the Bubjeet . The honourable , and learned member * with his "known incapacity foa finding any gsod motive for a good action , " had most srroneously charged the . government with doing that which it nweii entered into their minds to do , votingeight millions to conciliatethe Irish Catholics . Hehajialso alluded to . the government as ' being composed of those who , without any merit of their own , had , by an eccentric freak of fortune , been elevated to places ia which they were sustained by

      this dissensions of tueto opponents . That mightbe so . ; but there were other freaks of fortune equally strange . A certain city in the West of England might have a representative , who , without even producing a useful measure of his own , might-think it enowgh to carp and cavil at the measures of others , and might attract to himself a considerable degree of attention , becauso it was known that every pavtj in that house was sure , in its turn , to . come in for . its abuse , 'expressed in epigrammatic Ian . guajeV Such a member ; it might be expected , would imagine no . better motive for Sir R . Peel ' s support of these minutes than W » deBlre to outbid tbe offer a of the present administration / and no better motives for tha money granted for tbe relief of Irish distress than a desire to ; conciliate the Roman Catholic party . There , would be one characteristic bv whioh he would be wall known—ami that" was , that he irould never bo * W « ta

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      We subjoin some interesting particulars respecting the present state of Prasia . abridged from a valuable resume in the Batty News , of a work entitled Staf ' ttik des Preutsischen staatt : —

      STATISTICS OF PRUSSIA . TBSBITOKT . the most remarkable geographical feature of thsking * doia is its frontier and relative position to other states . - Prussia consists of two parts , completely separated by the interposition of foreign territories , la the eastern division , where the capital is situated , four-fifths of the whole ^ aperEdes of the territory are comprised ; the western division contains tha remaining fifth . The eastern divisoabasafrontierofabout 2 300 miles ofwbicb . aboutllS 90 ara a Jand frontier , and the rest maritime . Oa the north , eiit , and south , this frontier is well-defined ; on t' -. e north is the Baltic for some 408 miles ; on tbe east , tbe Russian territories for about 701 , and Crakan ( now Austria ) far about 12 ; on the south , Austria for 3-32 , and Saxon ; for about 110 raQes . The western frontier , on the contrary , of 7 < J 6 miles , is irregular and complicated in the extreme . The frontier of the -western division extends in aQ to some

      1 , 041 miles , af which only 91 touch upon non-Germanic territories—36 on Belgium , and 33 oa Francs Tha western frontier abuts , for 279 miles of its length , on luieicberg and Iomberg ; the northern ( 176 miles ) on ths kingdom of Hanover , the souther ( 160 miles ) on Bavaria , Hessa , and an outlaying portioa of Oldenburg ; tie eastern , which is entangled as ths western of theother dirision , and has an extent of 333 miles , on ao less than eight states of the Germanic confederation . The shortest distance ( in a direct line ) between these two disjointed portions af Prussian territory is about 30 miles ; tha foreign territories lying between them belong principally to Hanover , Brunswick , Electoral Hesse , and the Lippas . "With an area of 78 , 790 square miles , Prussia has 3 , 0 t 4 miles of frontier . For no less thaa l 3-30 ths of this extent , fcowtver , Prussia touches upon states which , like itself , are incorporated in the Germanic confederation ; for 4-20 ths it has Russia for aneighbour , forl-40 ili France aad Belgium : the rest is sea-coast .

      ? e ? SUTlO 5 . —» ACE 3 . Of the inhabitants of the Prussian territory ful ' y 80 per cent , are Germans ; not , however , of pure High . German erigin , forthebreed has been extensively crossed by tha French race in the western provinces ; and the eastern have at various periods been colonised by masses of Frenth and Dutch immigrants . The descendants , however , of these colonists and mixed marriages are completely Germanised . At the dose of 18 * 3 the total population was estimated at 15 , 750 , 000 . The three and a half milli . ns of non-Germanic inhabitants consist of Sclavonians and the

      nsarly related Lettish tribes resident in Prussia . Pomerania ; Posen , and Silesia ; of about 75 , 030 towards France aad Belgium -who speak a land of French patois , and a few Jews and gypsies . In Posen , about two-thirds of the population are Sclavonic The Sclavonians of the province constitute l-18 th of the total population of the kingdom ; theSdavonicpopnlationofaUthepronncesis about 15 per cent , of the whole . The rate at which the population of Prussia has increased of late is about 13 per rat . in 10 years . The ratio , however , varies in the different provinces . BEUGIOCS IICTS .

      Among the 14 . 907 , 091 inhabitants of Prussia in 1840 tkere were 9 , 034 . 481 Protestants ; 9 , 612 . 236 Roman Cathelio ; 1 , 2 * 7 members of the Greek Church ; 14 , 474 Henaonites ; and 194 , 323 Jews .

      ISBDSTBUL FHOGRE 88 . —CLASSE 3 . r With respect to the industrial and intellectual developvent of tiie Prussian population , two entirely distinct classes of farts have been collected by our author to throw light . upon it : —the positive results ( in the creation of wealth and the accumulation of knowledge ) , and the amount of persistent activity indicated by the favourite pursuitsof the people . In 1831 , the commercial movement of Prussia , trifli 13 , 000 , 000 of inhabitants , amounted to 13 , 080 , 000 cwts . of manufactured goods , and 14 , 000 , 000 bushels of agricoltaralpioduce . In 1 H 0 , with 15 O 00 000 the amounts had increased respectively to 2 J 000 000 of cwts . and 16 , 500 , 000 of bushels . The pursuits of the principal classes of the people , however , throw nmore trustworthy ligbtnpon this branch ef inquiry than dry

      tabular statements of produce and exchan ges . With tbe exception of the Jews , all Prussian citizens are equal in the eye of the law . They are distinguished , however , into nobles , burghers , and cultivators . The nobility in ! dudes the high nobility , or nobles of the empire who have been mediatised , aad the equestrian order-these two classes possess between them by far the greater proponura of the land . By burghers are meant those who reside in town and pursue principally mercantile or zaiaafactmiog avocations ; by cultivators , the non-profactory rural classes , or the owners of what are called loaan ^ nter . The proportion of these classes to the total Population are : —nobles , 54 per cent ; burghers , 261 per

      cent . ; cultivators , 72 2-3 per eent . Claised according to their avocations , the Prussians are considered as belonging to the class which maintains ( Kattr-tltnd , agriculturiiU , manufacturers , and merchants ); the educational class ( bir-jfaiid , clergy , professors , and schoolmasters ); the official class ( BeomtesMftmi ); and the nuhtary [ Wehrshad ) . The nobles devote themselves tor themost part to official and miHtarr careers , or to the agricultural pursuits of the productive class , seldom to «« e profession of teachers , and never to the mercantile , ihesonsof the cultivators ( or peasantry ) eithw follow ttW j &thers' occupation or enter tbft army ; gome few become merchants or manufacturers . Person * £ Mrgher ori gin are to btfoo n d in aU tbe to * olagM 3 . ana

      M Co^Aunii ^Rttp,

      m Co ^ aUnii ^ rttp ,

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      : FOREIGN MISCELLANY . 1 Dreadful Acciosht .. —On-the evening oi the 2 ht , about twenty-five workmen employed on the railway * between Tendu and Saint Marcel , in the Indre , on leaving work went to a boat waiting for them at the passage of La Bouzanne . The last comers leaped Buddenly into the boat , and thereby caused It to rook so violently , that the greater part of the men . who had entered it were thrown into the \ water , and nine of them perished .. : . ' Thb Dead Auvb !—The Courrierde Lyon relates that a few days ago a female at La Croix Rouge , having been , declared dead by the examining physichu , was laid out preparatory to interment ; but after remaining in this state for twenty-four houb suddenly recovered and spoke aloud , to the great astonishment and terror of those who were watching what they believed to be her lifeless corpse . In only a few hours more she would have been carried to the

      grave . Russian Winter . —According to the latest accounts the weather was still frightfully cold at St Petersburg . The temperature was twelve degrees of Reaumur below zero ( or down to five of the scale of Fahrenheit ) . It would be superfluous to say that tho rivers remain frozen . - . , Victoria Stuck is the Mcd . —Gibson's statue of the ; Queen , which left Rome in a barachetto , for Civita-Vecchia , to meet tho Peninsular and Oriental Company ' s steamer for Southampton , missed arriving . The s ' mall barge , owing to the low water in the 'fiber , and to the great weight of the marble , with its treble oak casing , stuck in the mud at Ostia , and lies there . -

      Takiso thb veil in Bavabia—By a lateordoDnance of the King of Bavaria , females are p : o ' ubited from pronouncing any monastic vow until after having passed their thirty-third year . The cer > rnony must always be performed in presence of a lay commissioner , entrusted with the power of interrogating the person about to withdraw from the world . Benetolbncb oi > Pope Pius IX . —The following new anecdoteof the benevolence of the Pope is related in a letter from Rome of the 17 th , published by the Siecle . A short time ago an inhabitant of Pisa died leaving by his will a sum of 0 , 000 Roman crowns to Pius IX . The Pope accepted the legacy , but gave ordera that the money ; should not be seat to Rome , as he was desirous of laying it out in Pisa . He has just given half the legacy for the relief of the indigent inhabitants of Pisa , and invested the other half tor wedding portions to the daughters of poor persons .

      Tub Foundation of Rome . —A grand banquet is to be given on the 21 st , the anniversary of the foundation of Rome . It is ti be held in the " Grotte delle Terme di Tito . " Covers will be laid for seven hundred , and the she-wolf of Rome will be carried in triumph . .,. " .. / .. Thr Hill of the Prussian Diet . — . The following is a brief description of the " White Hall , " in whieh the united diet , and after the members of the upper house have retired , the three other states hold their debates . The Weisse Saal is one of the noblest rooms in the royal palace , being 105 feet long , 51 broad , and 41 high ; it is adorned with Corinthian columns of Carrara marble ,, bearing tbe marble statues of the twelve princes—electors of Brandenburg . The eight

      provinces of the monarchy are also represented by eight colossal statues . The roof is richly painted , and the four corners are adorned with allegorical basrreliefs . The main colour of the saloon is white , blended with gold . The floor ia composed oi ornamented wood . A marble figure of Victor ; , by Rauch , bone of the chief attractions of the noble room . . The king ' s throne is placed near the middle of one of the oblong walls ; seats for the ministers are ranged oa each side , ami , further down , for the members of tbe , upper house ,: when the diet is m pleno . Opposite the throne are the seats of the members of the eight provincial diets , each state being separate from the

      other . The seats are numbered ,, covered with dark red cloth , and provided with moveable desks . The respective members of the three states sit in rows one above the other , so that it frequently happens that a mere tradesmen , the deputy trpm a town , sits alongside a member of the Rittmcraft ; who . is > prince or a count , although hot entitled to be a member of the upper houie . Each speaker addresses the diet from a species of pulpit , erected for that purpose near the throne . No member is allowed to read hia ' speech . " The members of the upper " house hold their debates in another part of tho royal pajace . The united diet is composed of about 600 nieiubers 'The ministers ma ) speak , but they have no voVes .

      Americas Dkberters —The Adjutant-Goaeralof , the United States army offers , in the National Polite \ Gazette , ^ reward of thirty thousand thre < j hundred and thirty dollars , for the arrest of o > je thousand and eleven deserters from the United ' States army ! The name ? and particular descriptions of each soldier are contained in the advertiserrjent . - New Sooth Waibb . —The Gazette of last night ( Tuesday ) contains some chapter of rules issued by order of her Majesty in Cou . nci . ' , , for regulating henceforward . the . occupation . « f the waste lands of the crown in the colony o £ Xte * SoutU Wales . - " - " ~

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      — i —^^^^^^^ L * ——^^—^^¦^¦^—^—_ ' . ¦ ; ^¦^^ gJ ^«''* ' « - *^** " - » ' » " - * ammk Biois ^ On the 21 st tm emute occurred at Berlin , occasioned by the high price of provisions . W ! weni " 8 the markets and provision shops indifferent parts of the town , and especially in KcJDjg-btrasse , were given up to pillage . Detachmentsof gendarmes and cavalry were sent to the spots in which the disturbances wera greatest , and several encounters took place between them and the V 60 $ cIl u u stated that from twenty to thirty men , and forty horses were injured . The riots were renewed the next day and evening . The military force on that day uised their arms at once , and the number '—* - : : ™ " ^*??^? i ^^ - ' < <> " ^^*^ :- ^

      ot wounded was very considerable . Seventy-five to eighty of the rioters were arrested , and on the same day two persons were sentenced to twenty stripes and ten days' imprisonment on bread and water . : - On the 19 th a number of persons assembled together in the market-place of the town of Halle , crying out for a supply of potatoes , and pillaged what quantity of that commodity they could find . The military was called oat to disperse the rioters . Exoessesof the same kind took place at Eisleben , where several sacks of potatoes were carried off . Some dialurbauces also took place at the little town of Osterode , and it was fou-ad necessary to call out the military to disperse the rioters .

      ITALY . _ FLOEBjtcB . Letterafro m Florence have been received m Paris , announcing that the Grand Duke of Tuscany has granted the liberty of the press to his states , in spite of the remonstrances and opposition of Austria . POLAND . Cracow . —All the measures for establishing Austrian law in Cracow have been taken , but have been suspended owing to a petition having been addressed to the Emperor by the greater portion of the inhabitants , demanding that the French , code may be preserved which was introduced-iuto Cracow at the time of the creation of the duchy of Warsaw , in 1909 . . -. . .. .-. '•

      RUSSIA . The German Journal of Brutsete has the following from Berlin , dated the 18 th : — " The Russian embassy has just received despatches from St Petersburg , to the following effect : —The Emperor Nicholas is to arrive at Warsaw on the 22 nd inst ., to make a stay of three days ; Poland is to have a viceroy , in the person of the Grand Duke Michael ; the Grand Duchess Helen , his wife , sister of tbo King ef Wurtemburg , is removing her household to Warsaw , where she must at this moment have arrived from Vienna . The Grand Duke , the Emperor ' s eldest son , remains at St Petersburg ; his brother Constantiue , the Emperor's favourite , accompanies hia father to Stutgardt , where the Czar will proceed on the 26 th from Warsaw . The voyage of the Autocrat to Paris is a matter resolved on . It has an important

      political object : the Emperor counts on coming to some understanding with the King of the French on the questions ef the East , of Greece , and above all , of Poland ; he wants to be at liberty as to the East . It is the Duke de Montpensier who is to receive the Emperor at Strasburg ; the Grand Duke Constantine will accompany hU father to Paris : autograph letters have already given the court positive assurances oa the subject . A grand review is to take place in the Champ de Mars on this occasion . A general amnesty is to be accorded to the Polea : it will be signed by the Emperor at Paris . The confiscated property will be restored . It is intended to reestablish the University of Warsaw , and two legions , altogether Polish , will be organised there . At this moment , on the contrary , the Poles are disseminated throughout the Russian army . " UNITED STATES AND MEXICO .

      THE WAR . We have two arrivals from the United States . No further movement of importance had taken place . General Scott had been unable to land his . heavy artillery , owing to the tempestuous state of the weather . The city was completely invested . Col . Hamey arrived at Vera Cruz on the 16 th , with his dragoons , after having . been cast away near Anton Lisardo . The troops were saved with difficulty , but 149 horses belonging to them were lost . Three men belonging to the store-ship Relief lost their lives in saving those of dragoons . Several other ships lost a good many horaes in the same succession of gales , the vessels being overcrowded . The loss of horses at this time is felt with much severity . A note to the LouisviUe Courier gives the following : — ¦ " Another great battle in Mexico—brilliant victory —overwhelming defeat of two thousand Mexicans .

      "Si Lodis , March 29 , 1847 —We have this day received an express from Santa Fe . The Mexican insurrectionists , numbering two thousand men , Marched down on Santa Fe . They were met by Captain Morris ' s command in the valley of the Moro , and totally defeated . A great number of the enemy were killed and wounded , and the rest fled precipitately to the mountains . The news of the assassination of Governor Bent is fully confirmed : twenty-five other Americans fell at the same time . "

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      , ii > i ¦ . Mfr . MiH * - r , y ¦ 0 THE $ afrl ? HERK 81 ? AR . ^ ^ \ V > r" ¦ ' ¦" - - ^ ^ ^— - ^ -- rnu t -- . : ——^__ - -. ' - > .-y-- ^ . ™ ^ '"— ^ U-Ar ; -, < v * , » ,.-. -.... ¦ ,. ^^ SggggBSgggg ai *

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      Siaee the above was in type , intelligence from Berlin to the 33 rd of April has come to hand . Oa that day , the Second Order of the States received the King ' s reply to the " Address , " which had been presented by the eight Marshals on the 21 st . The reply i conciliatory in its tone . The discrepancies said to exist between the intentions of the late King , and the fulfilment of them by the present King , are denied to exist , and the remonstrance of the assembly , the King declares , he does not receive as a symptom of mistrust . He promises to convoke the Diet again within four years , " even though none of the reasons enumerated by the law for calling them together should exist , in order that the fruita of a ripened experience may be turned to account . "

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), May 1, 1847, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1416/page/7/