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Northern Star (1837-1852), 11th April 1846, Edition 1 of 3, Page 7, Untitled Article

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      Untitled Article

      « And I will war , at least in words , ( And—should my chant * s" hari ^ n—deeds , ) With all who war with Thongbt !" « I think I hear a little bird , who rinss The people bvand by will be tfce rtronso-. — Btbcs

      REVELATIONS OF ROML . xo . iv . From the Westminster Review . ME POLITICAL QCEST 1 OK . In all that we have hitherto said on the nature of this povermnent , we have not touched on the political question ; that is to say , on that most sensitive question , in xdationtowhichevena government generally just and fair , starting from fear to proceed to repression , is apt to fell into evil course . Xow , this question is in actionljurilT , vividly , passionately , were so than in any other jTorfnce of Italy . The national party , which in some states has idea for its dominant motiveis

      other an , aSp € ra teii in those of the Tope by material interestsbv wretchedness , lty corruption , or by the parching up of fiery toW of lift ! - A *!""* « f n »« -ersal disennt-rnt , an OT cia ?" ? " rarolur f ' revelation , agitates the Papal dfc . ^ s , and is ever threatening the existence of the tyrangfral and imbecile government whose oppression crushes iheni . B « without » nr going into detail , the reader may M Hcrive what that government would become when n eraWin ? in an agony of fear , whose normal state is stu-1 i at we have been describing . There is nothing which fear would not drive it to , were it not that the fear itsdf | 5 a ciwk ; or > ^ phrased b y one of our elder poets" Thdr fears shall make thtni cruel , till cruelty Shall make them feav again . "

      THE lXQUISmON . The tribunal of the Inquisition is extant there in all its strength , and with all its demoralising modes of esp ionage—stcular in its numerous secret agents , religuus jn the confessional . We shall not recount the numerous persecutions of the Jews , that , trader Leo the T-elfth , forced the richest families to emigrate , with a loss to the State of £ 400 , 000 , and whirh now almost always re ? olve themselves into exactions of money , to an amount predetermined ; but we invite our readers to form an exact notion of the spirit animating the ecclesiastical police , by the perusal of an Edict of the ilonk Aucaraui , lnqutntor-Generalfor fee province of Romagna , dated fivm Forli , the 14 th May , 1 S 29 , and an Edict of Cardinal Guistiniani , Bishop of Imola ( 3 rd June , 1 S 2 S . ) In the first they will

      find secret accusation formally organised ; and in the midst of absurd regulations about necromancers and the blasphemers of Goa , and especially those offending against the Holy Virgin , au immense field opemd to arbfcrarT action in articles relating so prohibited books , and to " all those who obstruct , or shall obstruct , the office of the Holy Inquisition , or who have assaulted , or shall assault in any manner whatsoever , by themselves or others , in his person , character , or property , or otherwise , any officer , servant , informer , or witness of the Holy OiSce . In the second , they will find a premium of ten rears * indulgence for informers , and a most aristocratic tariff of punishment for offences of impiety , such as

      blasphemy , couched 111 uncouth language . For the first offence , a conviction for blasphemy is met with a fine of five and twenty crowns of gold , fifty for the second , one hundred for the third ; but if the guilty party was a poor plebeian , pgtero jsZetxo , for the first offence he was to make the ataaide honorable , during an entire day , at the door of the church ; for the second offence , he was to be whipped ; and for the third to have his tongue bored and be sent to the galleys . In case of fine , the informer would pocket a third , in addition to the ten years' indulgence . What jnirht be taken as blasphemy may be judged from the folluning : —A dramatic poet was Sued by the Censor scrbg for the Cardinal-Ticar for having Homerically irvled Atrides King oj Kings !

      POLITICAL POMSHJIESTS . Tke same savage spirit prevails , with a much increased activity in execution , in all that regards political opinion : accusation is proof : suspicion is enough for punishment . The poet Sterbiui was exiled ( and remains so ) tor having , in a tragedy called La Vestal * , irreverently handled the nrammeries of the priests of pagan Some . Three inulviduals , the advocate Bottom , and the lieutenants Bocci and Piolanti , were imprisoned eleven months , fettered , and without seeing the light of day , as guilty <> f an attempt at assassination on the person of Cardinal Iiivarola , on the mere assertion of two fellows , who , as appeared by an agreement afterwards discovered , had conspired to gain the reward of £ & 0 offered to whomsoever would denounce the offender . 1 ' rocesses , summary and expe

      ditious { iiicia sommario e spedidto ) , became sheer lists of proscription , hastily filled up to get rid of those against whom 00 proof could be obtained . La pvMiox toce c fema ( public talk and rumour ] was taken as their basis . Five hundred persons were condemned to bauisbm-.-st in 1 S 23 , in virtue of this compendious plan , and were presented with the order of expulsion before they had learnt there were any proceedings against them . Cardinal Rirarola pushed this process sammario e speditivo to such a length , that in his famous commission in Roniagna , he condemned individuals who had i een dead before the commencement of the proceedings , and others who could

      never be Identified in consequence ot the confu-ion of names and destinations . In the list of the convicted was to be found Francisco Piano , advocate of Bologna : there was a Fiaaa , an advocate in that city , but his baptismal name was different ; there was a Francisco , hut he was not found guilty . Among the condemned also was the advocate Agostiuo Javeggi , of Ferrara ; there was an advocate Javeggi , but Agostino was not his prenomen ! and there was an Agostino Javeggi , but neither an advocate , nor of Ferrara . The slightest' tvord from , an informer , or the merest breath of rumour ( toce puMica ) , was sufficient fur the cardinal to inscribe a name ou the roll of the condemned .

      Those who escape the process tomnario , are still to be reached by the prtcetto' This is an injunction not to be from home before sunrise or after sunset , not to frequent coffee-houses or other public places , not to be idle , ic . ' Its first result is to take away the possibility of the emu . ployment that it prescribes , for such as are under the ban of thejjrweSo , and are known to be objects of suspicion to the government , are rejected at ' every work . placer ' ¦ Its deep abomination is that it inflicts penalties on those whose conduct is proof against any other criminal proceeding . And this prccetio , that has been known in critical times to be launched against hundreds , thousands of citkens , is an attribute not of the courts alone , but of every chief of police , without the necessity of accounting anywhere for its use .

      COMXLBCE , MASUPiCTDEES , A 5 B AGEICCLTCBE . To be added to all ih » se , are grievances , the weary list « f which would be tou heavy for our pages , but that may be easily learnt elsewhere , or e-en conjectured—the decline of commerce , au inevitable consequence of the severity and frtqucBt alteration of the tariffs of duties , of the tedious processes of the courts , of the time granted to debtors—sometimes years ; of the power given to bankrupts to summon the creditor before a judge appointed by * he sovereign at die suggestion of the debtor . * of the absurd sanitary regulations ; of tiie extensive contraband fostered by the enormity of the imposts ; the decay of manufacturing industry , 10 be-ascribed to the vexatious interference of the government officers , to the prevalence

      of exclusive privileges , and to the war waged agaiuat the ^ provincial JHauu £ tctur * rs bv tlie industrial interests of the metropolis , who are supported by high functionaries ; the impediments offered to the development of agriculture , by increased burdens , by the law ' s Tincertaiuty , by the law ' s delay , by tiie overgrown potses-ions of religious corporations , by the birriers opposed to the diffui-iou of « 6 riculraral knowledge ; the almost absolute want of public instruction , particularly as regards the rural population , and the vitiation-of private -educatioaby the inevitable meddling « f the priests and religious orders ; »< Jd all-these , and you will lieve a conception , faithful as fir as it goes , though very incomplete , of Papal adminis" tration .

      We shall give an example for each , of the conduct of the government towards manufactures aad agriculture . Signori Fabri and iirleui had a manufactory of silk at Bologna- the beauty of their stufis procured them abundance of orders ; but this was not agreeable to the dealers at Itome , who accused them to the authorities of selling goods of foreign manufacture . They werj in consequence subjected to various harrassing regulations , such as having the warp marked by the nveuue officers before being woven , and a prohibition io take ilie-stuff out of the loom , save in the presence of those officers . This v-ae vexatious enough , for the officer was not always in the factory when he was wanted , and the work was therefore

      interrupted ^ but this was not all . Tile Judge-Jiscil at Bologna nas . appointed especially to verify the facts . The saspected goods were soquestraud , and thea , to decide tie point , the judge deteruiined that stuffs-of a similar quality should be manufactured ia the presence of the revenue officers and a functionary of his own . This was done , and the result was declared satisfactory . Xever-* oiless , the treasurer ? rdered the goods to be seized and £ ei > t to Borne . Borne down by this long persecution , Fabri became a bankrupt ; Meloni called his creditors together , and , touched with bis misfortunes , they returned him a trifling sum , to start him in sume small business . The manufacture of course ceased .

      The Agricultural Society of Bologna , of which Filippo Re , known by his book on manures , was a long time secretary—a society that published exceedingly useful reports on agriculture—had au income of £ S 0 from the State . The government deprived them of that , and of their place of aieeting ; and now , owing to the arts of a party specially charged T * itli their surveillance , they very rarelj assemble . A glance at the state of agriculture would present the following as prominent facts . The cultivat ion of rice and heaip is the only existing resource of the Bologuese ; but that of hemp , which is costly iu labour and in the quantity of manure it requires , is every day on the decrease ; the provinces that originally formed the patrimony of St . Peter , are ivrttcliL- < llr poer and depopulated ; the progressive spoliation of the mountainwoods , to the maintenance of which a wise government would pay Tigilant attention , is and will be more and

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      more to be deplored ; in their descent the waters brine with them deposits that fill up the beds of their courses and the river dykes are menaced with disruption In the winter of 1 S 43 . several square leagues of excellent land , between ihe Keno aud the Po , were laid under water ; and a numerous body of proprietary ruined . DOWNFALL OF THE PAPACY . But beyond all this , there lies matter infinitel y more significant , which must never be lost sight of—the religion of the question , the consciousness now general , that all is brought to pass in the name of a LIE ; the Xme , Mem , Teiel , Ptres , that irrevocabl y sentences every power usurped iu the name of that Which is no longer belicvedin , that no longer believes in itself . Just so is it with the Pope . His Swiss and his Austrian , are ^ ll ^ Z ? t £ ™ ± % ?? % ** . ««" M ° g

      feared ; but men laugh at his excommunication , at his infallibility , at his vicariousness for God or Christ on the earth : Pasquin ' s satires are more potent than the uplifted linger that pretends to rule over urbfrn el oihew When , in 1 S 31 , the defado rulers of the Roman States issued a decree abolishing the Pope ' s temporal power , no individual throughout their breadth uttered a protest . When , as men seize a common malefactor , violent bands were laid on the Cardinal Legate Benvenuti , who came to foment disunion iu the army of the insurrection , not a single mouth cried out sacrilege . And when the Transtibcriucs , whose blind faith is so mnch extolled , discover that bread is too dear , they send a loaf with their tiww , into the stately equipage of his holiness : they treut him as the savage treats bis feitche . All the world of Italy knows , and nowhere so well as in the Poprdom , from

      Iiotr much intrigue results the nomination of mm , who , as the representative , we say not of God , but of humanity , should be one filled with all intelligence , and all love , hailed by the Church , by the welcome of the faithful . All the world knows how the inspiration of the Sacred Spirit ( shame that we must so word it ) posts to Home in an ambassador ' s portmanteau ; how the recommendation of Gaetanino , or his like , is more efficacious with the Holy Father , than sentiments of eternal justice ; how every severity of enactments for the observance of the Sabbath vanishes before the lair of Sinegaglia—it ' s so profitable to the treasury ; how , iu short , all spirituality

      has fallen before the interests of temporal power . And how , then , can you look for its existence among the subjects ol that powcx % Hxged by a blind reaction , and estimating religion by its application under their eyes , the educated youth for the most part kpse into materialism ; the people , save a portion of the rural population , are without belief , even though professing it . Half from fear , half from habit , they may still frequent the churches , may be fount ! gazing on the pomp of ceremonies , but with curiosity , noi tvhh reverence ; their southern imagination may be excited , but the heart is uutouched , Tlie Papal power , then , is not only hated for the evil it works , but

      despised as an imposture , for the sources whence it ob . stinately persists in deriving the authority by whose virtue it is existant ; ami it may be concemd what degree of bitterness this feeling adds to reaction . Men ' s aspirations are bent the more earnestly to the advent , of political liberty . They feel that , from that advent , in some way or other , will result the solution of the religious question ; they fed that from the flight of the Pope—and he will fly souaer than submit with cordiality to the deprivation of temporal power—and from his first bull of excomtnuni . cation agaiust the rebels , mil naturally arise an appeal to a council ; or some other mode of establishing what are the wants of religious faith in Italy .

      T 1 VA L'lTALIA ! Our readers , we hope , will now understand why a fear , ful agitation is periodically at work in the Papal States , and will be at work more and more . An energetic protestation it is , in the name of every brave and noble heart of these provinces , published to slumbering aud careless Europe ; aad it mill be converted into a triumphant and unanimously proclaimed revolution , ou the day that Europe , aroused to a sense of jastice and of zeal

      for the maintenance of a principle bo often announced in wordi , shall say to the Austrians— " Keep to your own territory , whatever may occur beyond you : the subjects of the Pope are on their own ground ; let them manage their owa affairs at suits them best . " Kay , a revolution some day it will become , though Europe should persist in sanctioning the degrading and iniquitous intervention of one foreign power in the concerns of another . * * * ? SCCH ABE THE CAl'SES OF THE PiET , THE PBESENT , 4 SD EYES-QEOWING AGITATION .

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      AMERICAN WORKING MEN'S MOVEMENT .

      EMANCIPATION OF LABOUR AND TIIE " LAND . REFORMS DEMANDED BY THE AMERICAN DEMOCRATS . [ From the New York Young America . ] I . A FREE SOIL ASD A LANDED DEMOCRACY . ~' To be brtraghtabouthyaLIMITATION of the quantity of landtobe'fereafter acquired by any individual , and by other measures recommended in articles I . II . Ill , of tJnspaper ,, on the subject of the New Constitution , and ropublished in the pamphlet called The Jubilee .

      II . ALL DEBTS TO BE DEBTS OF HONODR . Because . credit would-be givea to eliaraeler instead of wealth ; because avaricious creditors should not take advantage of lenient ones , because a set of law officers should not be supported on the means belonging to creditors ; because the costs of collecting debts by tow are nearly equal to the debts collected ; because there are no other laws except those that authorize land seiling that cause so much misery ; because debts would be better paid ; and , above all , because the proper object of government is simply to protect the natural rights of the people .

      III . A PROHIBITION OF PAPER MONEY . Because paper money is fictitious money , enabling men to get interest on what they owe ; because to issue it is a privilege ; because it is a cheat ; because it is an indirect tax ; because it makes the rich richer and the poor poorer ; because it enables men to live without any kind of useful labour ; because it is ' anti-republican ; because it is worse than useless ; because it nullifies the power properly delegated to the general government to coin money and regulate the value thereof ; " because the states are prohibited from issuing "bills of credit , " and therefore it is unconstitutional . IV . A PROVISION POR AK EQUITABLE ADJUST .

      MENT OP DEBTS , Contracted under the paper currency ; because ever ; contraction or expansion of the currency by paper money has eioIotedcoKtrocts between debtors and creditors , and because it is a measure necessary to the abolition of paper money . v . a raoHiBmos of state debts . Because they are contrivances to create tax-eaters ; because they cripple the power of the general government to provide for the national defence ; because they arc unnecessary , unjust and unconstitutional ; and , particularly , because 110 generation ef men has a righttotax a future one . VI . PROHIBITION OF CHARTERED PRIVILEGES . Because what cannot be done b y indi vidaal or associate action withoutprhileges , should be done by the township , county , or state .

      VII : A REFORM OP THE LAW SYSTEM . Because the present system is cumbrous , intricate , and expensive . Abolishing laws for the collection of debts would do mueh towards it .

      VIII . THE RIGHT OF SUFFRAGE . To be secured without qualification or restriction , & > « very citizen of the same mind . Reasons self evident , IX . ELECTION OF ALL OFFICERS BY THE PEOPLE . Because if the people are qualified to choose men to ( Acose officers , they are qualified to choose the officer * themselves . X . A DISTRICT SYSTEM OF ELECTIONS . Because the presentsystem is a bad one ; because power ought to be delegated as little as possible ; and because the plan of electing one man only on one ticket for each office is the way to keep Uie power nearest to the people .

      M . DIRECT TAXATION ON PROPERTY . Every man topay in proportion to what he is worth , clear of the world ; because if every man knows exactly what he pays , it will be his interest to have the taxes light ; and because , as government is chiefly for the protectura of property , property should pay the cost . XII . AN EFFECTIVE MILITIA SYSTEM . Every citizenfrom the age of eighteen to fortv-nve to be enrolleo , armed , and equippea at the expen e 2 f the State ; the companies to h = ive charge of the nlo 5 equipments ; the Legislature to desgate the number of =: asa £ ~

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      "LANDED DEMOCRACY . " In the whole vocabulary of the English langua » , there are no other two words of equal import and wortk to the human nice to those at the head of this article , "Landed Democracy . " A 8 contradistinguished from the words Lanacd Aristocracy , " what a mighty and comprehensive idea do they convey ! How brief , how expressive of the most righteous principle , the most beneficent doctrine , the greatest measure for the universal good of all humanity for when that is obtained , tho best wishes of philanthropy , the brightest hopes of civilisation , and cverv other earthly good will naturally ensue . Ilereaftc-r , then , let the words " Landed Democraaf bo the motto on the banner , the war cry in every contest and the object of every political movement of the human race . "latoed democracy "

      For thousands of years , and in most countries , has the system ol landed aristocracy been tried , ' and wherever it had existence it has equally proved itself the cause of the downfal of empires and Republics . Originating either iu conquest or fraud , establishing inequality and injustice in the very foundation of tke social fabric , it has naturally generated , as its legitimate offspring , extremes ef wealth and poverty oi corruption and erime . The monnuoly of the " soil must have its skves—the palace must have its hovels it is the very rich that make the very poor and poverty induces most of the crimes that are ' committed in civilised communities .

      JSever yet has the experiment of a landed democracy buen tried ou earth in a state of civilizationthat is , there never has been in any civilised country , a social organisation whose fundamental principle or organic law fixed and limited the quantity of land that individuals might hold , according to natural and equal justice to each and all . The Agrarian principle as regards land must not be understood to extend to personal property , for as all these things comprehended by the latter term are the work or creations of men , their creators have a natural and personal right to buy and sell , trade and traffic ,

      barter ana exchange , give and receive such things as avc designated personal property . "But the land is mine , saith the Lord , and ye aresqjourners wit ' . i me . " " God mndc the heavens aud the earth . " They arc not man ' s work . The creator of the world never granted land titles ; the earth is the patrimony of the whole race ; or , as Jefferson said , " it belongs to the living . " Man -has no authority to make it an article of merchandise , to buy or sell it . Tho Indian has no natural or divine right to sell it to the United States , nor have the United States either a natural or a diviac right to sell it to their citizens .

      ihe idea , then , of a lauded democracy , that is , that no man shall hold or possess more land than is equitable with regard to the equal and natural rights of his fellow creatures , namely , a homestead , or a ? much as he can use or cultivate for subsistence ( and every human being has the inalienable right of going to the bosom of his mother earth for sustenance ) , is not naturally or morally wroBg in any point of view ; while , on the contrary , tlie establishment , as in Great Britain by the Norman conquest , of a landed aristocracy , is so subversive of justice and productive of social evil , that notiiing but the fact that people art trained to the toleration of the monstrous usurpation from infancy , so that they cannot see its enormities

      and exactions upon them , prevents its overthrow in spite of the sanguinary system of laws created by robbery and tyranny to sustain it .- As the whole history of the race has proven that a landed aristocracy has been the greatest curse of humanity , it is clear that nothing but a lauded democracy is the remedy , and its establishment the greatest earthly blessing . In fine , he is not an intelligent Christian who will not go for a social system so consistent with the Mosaic institutions and the doctrines of Christ and his apostles . He is not a true philanthropist , who will not go for an amelioration of the condition of mankind , self-evidently the most beneiicent and benevolent in its scope and character . Above all , he is not a consistent democrat who will not contend for

      a landed democracy more than all other measures ef reform and progress , as the fundamental principle of the democratic theory , the rights of nil men and the greatest good of the whole . The Gebmaij Communists of New York have joined the Democratic Reformers , and have held several large and enthusiastic meeting * . They are determined to vote for none but Free Soil candidates .

      LANDLORDISM . ( From the Albany Anti-Renter . ) Landlordism must go down iu this republic . There must be no temporising with it . No beatiug it oil ' at one point where its intended victims are strong and united , to let it retire and settle itself upon ail other points where its victims are , as yet , far scattered , isolated and helpless . No , over the whole republic , landlordism must go down—the happiness of men and their rational equality must be established —not in the Helderberg alone—not alone in the oppressed counties of this State , but throughout the broad and wide length and breadth of the republic . The task before us is twofold . To kill off and forjjever put an end to the full-grown monster that exists in this State , and to prevent the same monster from raising its accursed head over all other parts , or any other part of the republic .

      TIIE UNITED STATES TRESS . Theophilus Fisk , we believe a very clever man , and sterling democrat , formerly leading editor of the United States Journal , has recently quitted that paper , probably induced thereto by the opposition oi the mock-patriots , to whom his sterling patriotism was offensive . The following extracts ( for which we are indebted to the Albany Freeholder ) are from his closing address to the readers of the United States Joarnal;—The despotism op party—axd the tyranny of caucus . —Party in this country , as has been well remarked , has become a tyrant—a heartless , unfeeling

      despotism - , its iusatiable spirit can be propiated by no sacrifice , softened by no appeal . Its self-constituted head must do all the thinking for the members , who : ure not allowed to have a free thought , or an independent opihion of their own—especially if that opinion should happen to differ with the majority . The iron despotism of Political Prejudice wields its overpowering influence over the best feelings of our common nature ; sends its palsyiug venom into the most generous hearts to uproot and destroy all those finer qualities which refine and ennoble humanity ; breaking up social intercourse and domestic companionship , separating society by an almost impassable gulf .

      Let me be understood . I speak not against party divisiims , nor against party zeal ; both are indisnensiblc to the existence and perpetuity of a free government . Under a despotism there are no parties —all there is a calm unruffled ocean ; a dead sea nf black and poisonous waters from which exhale pestilence aud death . Party spirit , properly regulated , is the very salt of the earth . Parties we must have —parties we should have , It is not against party that I declaim , but against the unhallowed tyranny it imposes ; checking every free thought , curbing and controlling our independent acts ; hunting down and crushing all who do not approve of every act performed by its self-constituted leaders . There never was a more unfeeling tyrant upon the face of the earth than King Caucus ; to question iis decrees , to doubt the infallibility of the privileged few who move the wires , is high treason . 1 claim to be a party man—but I can never become either a party tlave or a party tool .

      Tuk Evils of Lawyer Legislation ' . —This needs no werd of comment from me . It is seen in all its painful distinctness darkening every page of our country ' s , history ; seen no less in all the ruin it has wrought by its partial enactments iu favour of wealth against labour , than in the stupendous social and political evils it has entirely neglected tu remedy or attempted to remove . From educatiou , from habit , and more thau all from interest , thu lawyer is compelled to be eminently Coxserwjttivejn his principles aud policy ; no true Rtformer ever belonged to that profession . The power of precedent is all-controlling ; things as they have been and things as they are , is the end and aim of his political existence ; things us

      theushould le , he utterl y abominates as disorganizing ; as radicalism mid agrnrianism . When the producing classes become intelligent enough 10 appreciate their own highest interests—when the fanners and mechanics shall have sufficient self-respect to make honest labour dignified and honourable , they will select their law-makers from among their own ranks and not from those who take their cue from Westminster Hall iu old England . When a lawyer can point to a single effort he has ever made in the cause ofprogresswe humanity , I will waive my objections to his taking a seat in a legislative hall . Perhaps it is right for them to legislate exclusively for the benefit of the rich—tlic fioor can beg .

      While lawyers make the laws , the temptation will be too strong to be resisted to frame them so intricately that none but lawyers can explain them . Law expounders should never be allowed to become lawmakers . m The practice too of the legal profession is inconsistent with a pure morality or strict conscientiousness . When men are iu the dail y habit of espousing any cause for a fee , defending the right and the wong indiscriminately , making the same effort to fr&Uheinost hardened villain from the just

      punishmeiit 01 the Jaw , as to redress the myst grievous case of oppression and injustice-it is not to be expeetid that their political virtue will be of a sterner or more incorruptible character . It is a startl'mfact that every demagogue who has ever betrayed his pohtica . party , belonged to the legal profession . Ikwas in t » ie previous haJbit of espousing the cause of the client who promised the largest fee , without regard to t \\ C mente of the case , and he was therefore easily induced to play the traitor- / br a consideration . !

      Swvksmakw Tyrants .--The Wohkino Men tueiu ow . v Worst Ek : i : m . ies . —l'Vom my first entrance upon iny editorial career until the present hour I have laboured with unflagging industry in behalf of the interests of thejj producing classes—the toiling , industrious millions . I have 1 lever seen the day or tlie hour , for the last fifteen year \ when 1 was not ready to sacrifice every pecuniary hope could I have ad-

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      STeSinr ° * ^ "** ° ^ ° gie . it extent 1 have toi ed utterly in vain it has llildiiin of h / 1 T ' as we ! l ™ the tavour Md ! S ? s r"fcfee » r | 3 ^ A& 3 R Sa- ittt £ 3 e win- eCMM ? - ~" The - a" ° * themselves to ? JX , rhrir Z ? / fopes of political knaves ; altkough then- interest one and the same , thev t t ? rl " * elves t 0 be s P ' " P int » 0 PP ^ ite fictions at the poles ; at every election , they throw the rope over the house and then berin toDullat ^ A :, : .. _

      each end , instead of pulling at the ssime end , and all pulling one way ; the natural consequence is , they enjoy a little better position in society than beasts of . ourtlen . They are contemptuousl y called " the lower classes ; and submit to these degrading epithets , ; with a patience that even Job might envy ; crouch beneath the ponderous burdens imposed upon them byanupstartaristocracy . withtheuncomplainingsnb . mission 0 the mu te camel ; and then on every fourth 1 ot July , throw up their caps and shout for liberty and i independence ! Was there ever more ridiculous

      mockery witness ed by civilised beings ? Too ignorant to know ttoir rights , or too basely subservient to ( hire maintain them ; and yet they call themselves '• free and enlightened ! " There are exceptions to be ' sure-hut only enough to prove the justness of the general rule . J , Friends and Patrons-my labour is done . May ! that blessing which makcth rich and addeth no sorrow with it , be yours to possess both now and for evermore . The recollection of the generous kindness which you have hitherto extended to me . will have an abiding place in mv heart , until its pulsations

      shall cease for-ever . To each and to all of you , I bid an affectionate farewell . TnBOPniMS Fisk , Washington City , 1846 .

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      EXTRAORDINARY TRIAL OF SPANISH BRIGANBS . An « ther fcana of the Spanish brigands , called Traboucayres , chiefly , if not entirely , composed of men who served in . the army of Don Carlos , anil took rcfugu in France on the final discomfiture of that Prince , were brought , on the 13 th ultimo , before the Court of Assizes for the Pyrenees Orientates , upon an indictment , of which we shall give an epitome . The number included In it is 22 , of whom 17 ( in custody ) were arraigned at the bar ; the five others , including a woman named Catharine Gatfl , or Lacoste , having evaded capture . The prosecution was conducted by H . Renard , procurcur-gcncral of the Cour Royale of Montpellier , assisted by M . Aragon , ti . e procurour du Roi . The prisoners were defended by four counsel . The indictment stated that on February 27 th , ! l 845 , at ten o'clock in the evening , the diligence

      * oing from Girona to Barcelona was stopped at n place called Lo Sura dela Palla , near the-village of La Tordere . The traces were cut . the doors of the coach violently opened , and all the passengers ordered , on pain of instant death , to alight and lay themselves on the ground . The robbers then lighted torches and searched the passengers , taking from their persons all they could find , treating tte women in the most indecent manner . This done , they spread a cloak on tlie grouud , and commanded every one with the most horrible threats , to cast upon it whatever money , jewels , anil other valuables they had about them , and which might hare escaped discovery . At the same time the diligence wsis cemplctcly plundered . This , how . ever , was but a prelude to future outrages . Three of the passengers , M . Bailber , M . Rocer , of Figuieras , and M

      Ma > sot , Darams , whose passports indicated them to be of greater consideration , were seized and bound to be carried off for the sake of their ransom . ' The mother of II . Massot , who was travelling with him , cast harself at the feet of the bandits , aud entreated them for mercy to her con . But they repelled her coarsel y , saying that if ' shc did not cease to annoy them with her cries she should see her * on stabbed to death before her eyes . Thesouudofa shrill whistle was then heard , upon which the brigands gathered up their booty , cut the straps of the pantaloons of their three captives , in order that they might be able to move more freely , and led them away across the mountains , recommending those left not to report what had eecurred to them or they would repent it . On May 3 rd , M . Mussot wrote a letter to his mother , desiring heifte

      send him 800 quadruples ( rather more , than 60 , 000 francs ) for his ransom , saving , " I am worn out by misery . The cold distresses mo and these men torment me * A fever is killing me , and yet lam obliged to march day and night , . vith pain and grief , through the snow . All I know is that I am traversing mountains . Embrace ray brothers in the same of God , and I beg them not to fall into despair from my death , for I atn already resigned to it . " Bailber , who was of an advanced age , could not long resist his great sufferings ,, and in a very few days , finding himself sinking and unable to write , dictated his hist will to Roger , which , when finished , the brigands took into their hands , judging they might dt-rive some advantage from its possession . The unhappy man was left alone in his agonies on the snow , and , with a refinement of bar .

      banty . tliesavngestookfrom his shouldurs the cloak he needed only for a few moment * mure . Three days after that she Spanish armed forco came up with the band , and au Migage ' meut ensued in which two of the soldiers were killed , and several of the brigands wounded . Some dayi after the attack on the diligence . Mademoiselle Mussot , reecived a letter by the Girona mail , signed with the name of Jacques Toquabus , telling her that if she did not send the S 00 quadruples to a place indicated , she should receive her son's ears and if that did not reduce her to compliance they would send her his eyes , and if those did not succeed she would . , at last , have his mutilated head , at the same time increasing their demand . On the 25 th March , the brigands and their two prisoners , when in a house called Perrasole

      de Terrasole , near Tazadcll , were attacked by some armed police , and a conflict ensued , in which two of the gendarmes were killed , andM . Roger received a ball in the back of the neck , which laid him dead instantaneously . The band then divided into two parties—five of them going to a place called . Maners , and eight with M . MasHOt , their sole remaining captive , in search of the grotto of Bassaguada , where they might conce . il and secure him . After wandering for several ( iajs , lost in fogs , they reached and crossed the Mouga , a river which divides the two kingdoms , and , finding the cave , were supplied for two days with food by two peasants of the country , who were included in the indictment as accomplices . Hence four of the eight bandits went to Las Salines to receive the 1 , 000 quadruples ; demanded of Madame Massot

      for the release of her son , taking up their abode at the inn of one of their associates , Parot del Battle , but one of tlw four , named Pijade , taking some offence , deserted the rest , returned t « his master , and became the princiual means of discovering and arresting the whole band of these brutal murderers . In consequence of the measures taken by his information , nil the brigands uamad in the indictment were pursued , found , and arrested . I , the end , on reaching the cave or grotto of Passagudan was discovered the lifeless body of M . Massot , with the ears cut off ; thu throat divided , and eleven poignard wounds in the region of the heart . In the loft of a farm called Del Aloy , was afterwards found , wmpt iu a paper , a pair of human ears , with some of the hair of the head still sticking to them by the clotted blood . These

      were afterwards proved to be the ears of the unfortunato Massot , which the eight brigands who bad excised them carelessly left there , little thinking how clear a proof it would be of their having been the parpetratora of this act of cruelty . As an evidence of their insensibility to all feeling of pity , when the ears were exhibited tu them on their being examined before the magistrate they pretended not to know what they were , calling them , with the most audacious levity , dried mushrooms . It is also stated that after the death of their two oth « r captives , M . Bailber and M . Roger , the bandits sent letter ' s to their families , stipulating for large sums for their ransom , which were to be sent to certain spots indicated , but which , if they had been paid , would have been in pure loss , for those sought to bu redeemed were no longer in

      existence . 1 he ubove are the material facts disclosed by the iiceompUee l ' ujadti , and which were continued by the evidence that was produced . In support of the prosecution , no fewer than 114 witnesses were summoned , all of . whom attended the trial except two or three . They consisted of the other passengers in the diligence with the three unfortunate victims , the conducteur of the diligcuce , farmers , and other persons in Spain and France who had been forced by the brigands to afford them shelter and concealment , the Escoundos or urmed police in Spain , with whom they had tlie encounter , and tho gendarmes iu France engaged iu their capture . Their united evidence , which ran to the length of eight days , is too voluminous for us to give even any general epitome of it , nor would it be of any great interest , in as much as it only exhibited in minute detail the circumstances upon winch the indictment was founded and wlneh recapitu .

      , latcs all the most prominent , all the essential facts and circumstaccMs . Pujade , the associate of the gaug , admitted to give evidence , was a Spanish refugee Carlist , who for two years was in tho domestic service ot M . Pons , araun ot independent property , living afPassa , ( Pyrenees Onentales , ) but in February , 1840 , was seduced away by three men , oue of whom M . Pons recognised among the prisoners , under the pretence of going to see their rcla . tious in Spain . ne went on leave of absence for a fortnight , but did not return till towards the und of April , when M . Pons declined taking Mm back . Another of theuriboncrs had also been in servico with another family in Fiance , but left it under the same pretext . In the course of the evidence it appeared that the main object of the baud in attacking the diligence was a knowledge the ; had obtained by some means that there was a considerable sum of monc t » be con .

      vejed by it . This tyey had searched for , and not finding it , and being unable to learn from the conductor or from any of the passengers whire it , was concealed , they be came the more violent aud brutal . In fact , as stated by the conductor , this money was , on the coach being stopped , thrown by him at ihe bottom of the coupe , where they never thought of looking for it , aud ttiicre it remained safe until after they were gone . The most inte . resting , but at the same time , the most painful part of the proceedings , was the examination of the bereaved mother , Madame Mas-set . When called the first time to appear iu court , she was loo i ! l to come forward , and tho President postponed | lcr interrogation till the Mowing day , contenting himself with rending her previous depositions , which gave a most interesting but aHieting state , ment of the manner in which , in spite of all her eutreatics , prayers , and promises , her son was torn from her

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      arms by main force , when all threats of wrong and nsulting violence to herself were insufficient to induce her to relinquish her grasp upon her child . On the following day she appeared in court , clothed in deep mourning , and so overwhelmed in grief that she could scarcely be led to the place from which she was to give her testimony . The President addressed her in the kindest tones , reminding her that , however cruel the task , it was her duty if possible to rouse herself and enlighten justice He then desired her to look at the prisoners , and say if she recognised any of them . With terror in her countenance she turned her eyes towards them , and , pointing to one of them named Jean Simon , exclaimed In tones of agony"Oh ! that is he who tore my son away from me , and with him tore

      away my own life , He it was who rejected all my prayers . Yes ! yes I Indeed it was he who forced him trom my arms . Murderer ! Murderer ! " Simon : who on the first entrance of Madame Massot hung down Ins head , and ever since remained immovable , now re- sumed all his audacity , anil addressed the most grossly insulting apostrophes to her . The President spoke to ' him in strong terms , and ordered the two gendarmes between whom he was placed to compel him to sit down and be silent . Madiune Massot , having in a degree recovered her self-command , again surveyed ' the pri- ' smiers , and pointed out another named Sugnlls as tho ' man who had lighted the torch and examined the faces ' of the prisoners . She could not recognise any of the others . Simon ujion this asserted that he saw there was a !

      onspiracy against him , and that if fifty such witnesses \ rerc brought against him they would all rucognise him , ! iddiug , " I shall be condemned to death , but I shall dio ' , unocent . If I did what they say , may God never suffer j ne to leave this place alive . But I will not appoar again iincc truth is not to he heard . Tomorrow I will remain 11 my prison . " Upou this Mndamo Ms . ssot assured the j President , that she perfectly recollected his voice . She then referred to the letters she had received demanding a thousand ounci-3 of gold for the release of her son , but she could not send it , because her whole fortune was not equal to the amount , and nil sho hud was settled upon her children . Madame Massot was asked by the Procureur-General whether her husband had not betn , at . another time , arrested in a like manner , and redeemed himself

      from captivity by giving a large sum nf money . She replied that she could not state the fact ; but M . VilleloHgue know more tiliout it than she did . Madame Hasso ; then became » o faint that she was obliged to be taken out of court . M . Villelongue , being called , deposed that M . Mas . sot had informed him , that about three years ago he was taken bj brigands , and kept in secret confinement . They at first fixed his ransom at 60 , 000 fr ., but afterwards reduced it to 15 , 000 fi \ , which sum baiug paid he was liberated . At the close of the hearing , at which the above evidence of Madame Massot and M . Villelongue was given , Simon , renewed his intimation to the President that he desired not to reappear in Court the next day ; but the President would not listen to his request . The whole of the witnesses having bten heard , the Proeuroui ' -General addressed the court and jury , in a speech

      winch lasted three hours , and was listened to throughout with theprofoundest attention and tho deepest interest . He concluded by calling upon the jury to deliver a verdict which would strike terror into these violators of humanitjY . and deter others from committing the same atrocities , lie u-as replied to toy two counsel engaged for the prisoners , who argued iijjainst the jurisdiction of the court on the ground of the crimes with which their clients stood charged being committed in Spain . On the ninth and last day , the President , previous to his summing up , asked the prisoners whether they had anything to say in their own defence . Simon said , " All I ask is death , and no other punishment ; for if France will commit an injustice , let it be complete . " Camps , alms Saline , another , said , " You have been told that I lulled a Moussou de la Escuada . I h ^ ye'killed not only ono but several of them , and if I had been ' at the plunder of the Diligence , I would have washed my hands in their blood . " A

      third , named BnrlaBe ,, alias Kogret , denied that he was present at the rojbbery . of the diligence , and declared that ifhe had been heAvpuld have cut the throats of all the officers iu it , in reVenge \ for-the death of his relations , who had been murdered by { heir political enemies . The rest of the prisoners said nothing , but several of them , during the'trial , had protested- against the . truth of the evidence given by ' "' the witnesses for the prosecution , affirming that they being Liberals wished to crush them ( the prisoners ) beause they ' were Carlists . When the President had summed up , and put the question to the jury , upon which they had to decide , M . Lafabreque , one of the counsel for the prisoners , applied to the court to add to them the three following : — " Was the robbery imputed to the prisoners committed in Spain ? Did the arrests aad sequestrations ( secret confinements ) take place in Spain ? Was the murder committed in Spain 1 "

      The Pbocoreur-General argued against these questions , and the court decided that they could not be put . The jury retired about 3 in the afternoon , and , after five hours' deliberation , returned into court and declared their verdict , upon which the court withdrew to consider its judgment . During the half-hour the court was out , the prisoners were most scandalous in their conduct . AH the prisoners shouted , " Long live Don Carlos ! " Fabregas , " Maj God give him health and strength to return to Spain . Sagas , addressing with a smile the President , who remained on the bench , said , " I give you many tbanks , Sir . " If these are the new laws you talk so much about I compliment you upon them . You may call it the bal lance of justice , but I call it the balance of hell . " Ther turning to his fellow-prisoners and laughing he said " Come , we have 40 days more which are necessary fo : them at Paris to muddle over our papers , and then i will be all at an end ; " at the same time drawing hi

      hand over the neck of leases . Three of them were rolling cigars , and were taking Hints , steel , and tinder fr « m their pockets , with the intent of lighting them , but were prevented by the gens d ' armes . Sagnls called one of the jury by his name , and promised him that ifhe or any of his family came to Spain they might rely on being well received . This scene was put £ stop to by the Court returning , and delivering the sentences . One having been declared not guilty , was ordered to be discharged . Tujade was condemned to imprisonment for three years , and another for five years ; one to eight years , and another to ten years close confinement and the pillory ; one to ten years and one to twenty years' hard labour at the hulks , with the pillory ; six to hard labour at the hulks for life , on account of the jury having found that there were extenuating circumstances in their favour : and four , among whom were Simon , Sagals , and leases , to death . The Court ordered that Simon and Sagals should be executed ut Cttret , and the other two at Perpignan .

      Jtefcet Entellt'smce*

      jtefcet Entellt ' smce *

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      London Corn ExcnASOE , Mondat , Apbil G , — The trade opened this morning with a moderate supply of both wheat and some sorts of spring corn , consisting of peas and oats , but the arrival of barley aud beans was abundant . The millers bought the Essex wheats with some readiness at the prices of this day week , but the Kentish supply was not 50 readily saleable , and some was left over undisposed of . For very superfine barley the trade iwas about the sair e as lust week , but anything under this quality was a very slo . v sale at Is . per quarter reduction . The demand for oats has been limited , without variation in price from tins day week . Beans offering plentifully , and the turn lower in value . Tease of all sorts are fully as good both in demand and value . Seeds have ruled steady , and somo varieties are rather looking up in quotations , being improved in demand , with no fresh arrivals . CURRENT PRICES OF GRAIN , FLOUR , AND SEED

      IN MARK-LANE , BUIT 1 SU GIU 1 N . Shillings per Quarter . Wheat .. Essex & Kent , white , new .. 4 'J to 63 .. 57 to 78 Ditto , red 47 59 .. 53 66 Suffolk and Norfolk , red .. 47 57 white 4 !) G 2 Lincoln and York , red .. 47 57 \ vhke 49 < S Northumb . and Scotch « 47 60 Rye ' „ 22 8 S Barley „ Malting 30 34 extra o 7 — Distilling 2 G M Grinding 23 2 ( 1 Malt .. Shiu 58 57 Ware 59 61

      Oats .. Lincolnshira aud Yorkshire , feed , 21 s Od to 23 s ( id ; potato , or short , 22 s fid to 26 s Ud ; Poland , 2 ? s ttd to 27 s 6 d ; Northumberland and Scotch , Angus , 21 s fld to 25 s 0 d ; potato , 21 s Od to i'ds lid ; Irish feed , 20 s Od tu 22 s Od ; black , 20 s 6 d to 22 s fid ; potato , 21 s « d to 24 s 6 d ; Galway , Us ( id to 20 s 6 . 1 . Beans ,. Ticks , new 32 % old 38 44 Harrow , small , new .. 34 US old 40 4 U Peat ,. White 87 4 , 3 boilers 40 44 Gray and hog .... S 3 8 « Flour .. Norfolk and Suffolk .. H 49 Town-made ( per satk of 2801 bs ) 46 M Buckwheat , or Brank 80 Hi

      ENGLISD SEEDS , < 5 jC . Red eloter ( per cwt . ) .. .. .. 42 to 72 White clover ( per cwt . ) 47 7 fi Rapcseed ( per last ; £ 26 28 Mustard seed , brown ( per bushel ) 7 s to Us ; white , 76 to Ids . Tares , ( per bushel ) , spring ; , Gs . ; winter , 5 s . to 6 s , Cd . Linseed cakes ( uer 1000 of 31 b each ) £ 11 to £ 12

      FOREIGN GRAIN . Shillings per Quarter . Free , In Bond . Wheat .. Dantslc and Konigsberg 63 extra 70 .. 46 — 69 Ditto ditto .. 54 - 61 .. 14 - 52 Pomeranian , &c ., Anhalt 5 g — C 3 .. 44 — ! 2 Danish , llolstein , &c . .. 51 — 61 .. 42 — 43 Russian , hard .. > . — Ditto , soft _ .. 55 — 5 S .. S 9 — 4 S Spanish , hard .. ., — Ditto , soft .. .. 58 - 62 .. H - 91 Odessu&Taganro&hard — Ditto , soft .. .. 53 — £ 8 „ 39 — 48 Canadian , hard .. .. — Ditto fine .. ., 58 — 60 Rye .. Russian , Prussian , &c . — Rarlft .. Grinding 23 — 26 Ditto , distilling ,. .. 26 - 30 .. 18 - 26 Oats ,. Dutch , feed .. .. 22 - 25 Ditto , brew and thick .. 25 - 27 .. 20 - 21

      Ijllnnin .. Ill tl £ It ) till Russian 24 — ' - ' 6 .. 18 — 20 Danish . 5 : Mecklenburg 24 - 2 ( i .. 18 - 21 Beans .. Ticks , 33 to 38 , small .. 36 - 40 .. 28 - 36 Egyptian 33 - 35 .. 28 - 30 Peas .. White , 32 to 43 , gray .. 3 S - SB il&Ur .. 1 ) antsic and llambui'ith ( per barrel ) , tine 39 32 , superfine .. ., 32 - 34 .. 22 - 28 C ttimda , 30 to 33 , United States 32 — 35 .. 26 - 28 Butkwheat „ 30 — 82 .. 24 - 28

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      roU £ ION SEEDS , &C . Per Quarter . Linseed .. Petersburg and Riga ( free of duty ) .. 42 to-IS Archangel , 40 to 40 , Meinel and Kunigsberjj 30 40 Mediterranean , 40 to 4 S , Odessa .. 42 4 * Rapeseed ( tree of duty ) per last .. .. £ 24 2 fi \ ted Clorer ( 16 s per cwt . and 0 per cent , on the duty ) 42 e * White ditto \\ 47 76 Tares , small spring ( free of dntj ) 40 to 44 . iarge " 44 E 0 Linseed cake ( free of duty ) , Dutch , £ s ios , £ 7 French , per ton £ 7 0 £ 7 10 Kape cakes ( treu of duty ) £ 0 10 £ D li and 5 pur cant . 011 th >; duty .

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      | AVERAGE PRICES Of the last six weeks , which regulate the Duties from th * and to the 8 th of April .

      • ' H'heat Barky Oats .. llyc . Beans ¦ Mas . " \ ,. 1 s . < 1 . s . d . s . & . { s . d . s . d . s . d , Week snrtmg Feb . 21 , 1810 .. ! 55 0 21 ) 11 21 6 . 52 10 34 3 34 3 Week e : iding ! Feb . 2 S , iSl « .. 64 6 20 " ' 21 5 ' 33 4 34 2 35 a Week ending I Mar . 7 , 1846 .. 54 10 2 D 3 21 10 ; 33 6 34 11 % i & Week gliding ! Mar . 14 , 184 C .. ! 54 3 29 4 ! 21 9 34 2 35 2 81 9 Week ending ! Mar . 21 , 1840 .. I 55 1 29 10 22 0 33 10 34 4 3 S 4 Week ending ) I I M-. r . 28 , 1840 .. jS 5 5 30 2 22 lj 34 0 35 0 S 3 iJ

      Aggregate aver . | iij ; e of the last six weeks .. 54 10 29 8 21 9 ; 3 S 7 34 9 U I London averages ( ending ' Mar . 31 , . , 1846 ); 00 2 82 i 23 6 35 5 33 10 39 f > Duties .. .. I 18 0 9 «! 6 0 , 9 el 8 6 8 6

      ' SM 1 TI 1 FIELD CATTLE MARKET . Apiul 6 . —The arrivals of cattle from the continent , free of duty , into tho port of London during the past week have conprised of 06 oxen , 131 cows i calves , 436 sheep , and 1 lainb . The following statements of the imports of foreign cattle into England , during the present year , is taken from an official source , cor » rcctcd up to last Saturday week : — Oxen and From Jan 1 to Mar 2 S , 1840 . Cows . Sheep . Pigs . I'ondon 2 , 861 .. 6 , 077 .. 114 Liverpool 2 , Hull 627 ,. 141 " g » Southampton 4 ,. — .. _

      Total .. .. 3 , 494 0 , 118 » 153 The change in the tone of trade of last Monday was fully supported this morning as well as upon Friday last , and is fully corroborative of previous remarks under this head , that just prior to the lamb trade commencing an alteration would occur as well in the range of prices as iu the general increase of the supplies . From 17 , 000 head of sh « ep , which lias been the average number brought to market for months past , the supply has increased both last week and this to upwards of 20 , 000 . Fortunately for the graziers the last season has been a prolific one for feed of # very kind . Grass , turnips , &c , have been iii abundance , and of the finest quality . The tcrrni . nation of winter , and the present favourable proaof

      pects ot a good season , ^ ive hopes a more mu tually prosperous business to feeders , butchers , &c ., and an advantage to the consumer . The general trade this morning was dull , in part accountable to the state of the weather , aud to tlie increase in the supply of siieep ; but the higk price of all kinds of provisions in the reiail market has a material influence , being productive of a decreasing demand . The attendance of butchers was an indifferent one , and purchasers were very slack in their bids . Prices did not vary much from last Monday , but the decline which took place on that day was fully supported . The number

      of beasts on sale was 2 , 050 , of generally tine quality , but did not all meet witu purchasers at rates ranging from 3 s . to 4 s . 2 d . per stone . The supply of sheep consisted of 20 , 500 head , a portion of which remained on hand at the close of the market . Polled sheep made a shade more money in some instances , but tha ! general range of prices was the same as on Monday last . Polled ewes went at 4 s ., half-breds at 4 s . 10 d ., and Downs at as . 2 d . per stone . The better quality of veal was 2 d . per stone cheaper , but inferior kinds unaltered . The coarse quality of pork realised 4 s . 0 d ., being 2 il . higher than on this day se ' nnighi , but young porkers were 2 d . lower in price .

      By the quantities of 81 b ,, sinking tat offal . » . d . 1 . d Infanor coarse beasts . . . 2 lo S 0 Prims large oxen ... 3 6 4 6 Prime Scuts , * c 4 2 4 6 Coarse inferior sheep . . . S 10 4 4 Second quality . .. 4643 Prime Southdown ,., 5206 Large coarse calves . . , , 44 i 10 Prime small 6 2 5 C Suckling calves , each . . , 18 t 81 t Largo hogs 8 10 4 8 Neat small porkers .. . 1 6 6 6 Quarter-old stove \ rig » . « acl \ . 16 O 33 it BEAD OF CATTI / t OK OAIB . ( From the Books of the Clerk of the Market , ) Beasts , i . WS-Sheep . SO . SOO-Calveg , 78—Piijg , 440 .

      PROVINCIAL CORN MARKETS . Richmond ( Yorkshire ) , Sitorday , April 4 . — Wo had a large supply of all kinds oi graiu in our market- to-day . Wheat Bold from os . Od . to 8 s . Otl . ; oat « , 3 s . Od . t » It . Od . ; barley , 3 s . Gd . to 4 s . 3 d . ; beans , 4 s . Od . to Gs . 3 d ., per bubhol . Manchester Cork Market , Saturday . —Throughout the week the trade has been generally of an inactive character ; but in the value of flour ( except of low and inferior descriptions , for which in the absence of all inquiry for such , holders would willingly have accepted some abatement ; to effect sales ) , no material alteration in prices can be noted . In oata

      or oatmeal there was but little passing at the previous currency . At our market this morning the transactions in wheat were on a very limited scale , the best runs being obtainable at a decline of Id . to 2 d , per 701 b ., and other sorts at even a greater reduction ; Prime qualities of flour sold slowly at tho currency of this day se ' ennight , whilst unknown marks , of interior or doubtful quality , were altogether neglected , and theS" value nominal . There was a moderate demand for oats , and no change in price was observable . Choice cuts of oatmeal , being scarce , sold readily at fully late rates , but feeding descriptions muved off sparingly on rather easier terms .

      Liverpool Corn Market , Monday , April 6 . —The week ' s import of flour from Ireland is to a fair amount , but of other articles from thence the quantities are rather limited . From abroad the arrivals comprise several cargoes of Indian corn , wheat , bar . ley , and beans . With the exception of old wheat , for which we continue to experience a good sale to country millers , at full prices , the demand for new wheat and any other articles of the corn trade has been very limited during the past week . Prices have not undergone any particular change since last Tuesday . Indian corn , duty paid , in fair request , but there has been little of good quality ottering , most holders preferring to sell in bond . The only transaction reported uuder bond , is the sale of a cargo of American wheat , by auction , last Friday , afcfe . Gd . pevTOlbs . Western canal Hour is held at late rates .

      Wakefield Corx Market , Friday . — We have good arrivals of all grain to this market . There was a fair attendance of buyers to-day . The bulk of our samples , wheat , were of common qualities , and such sold at a decline of Is . per quarter ; and the best samples were rather worse to suit . Fine barley maintained its price , other descriptions rather lower . In beans no alteration . Oats and shelling each fully aa high . Malt firm and in good request .

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      STATE OF TRADE . PROVINCIAL MARKETS . Leeds . —We scarcely ever witnessed less business done at our cloth-hall than was the case both on , Saturday and Tuesday . Tliere was a complete absence of speculation , the merchants confining thornselves to purchasing only to order ; prices continue much the same as for some time past , and the stocks in tho manufacturers' hands are very small for ihe season , and no disposition is evinced to increase them . In the warehouses business has been very dull during the week , and the few buyers who visit the market purchase with greater caution , and in much less quantities than they have usually done at this season . On the whole , the spring trade this year is duller hitherto than it has been for several years pa » t .- « Leeds Mercury .

      Halifax , — We much regret our inability to give any better accounts of this market than what has been recorded throughout the present month . Prospects for the future too , are gloomy and uncertain . Barnsmsy . —The trade of this town is considered dull at present : in fancy drills the summer orders being nearly completed , it is generally flat at this period , but the other branches of the linen trade experience more than ordinary depression at this time of the year . Rochdale Flannel Mahkkt , Marcii 30 . —The merchants have bought more freely to-day , but the manufactures have not been able to get any advance for their goods . Tho wool market has undergone

      ; little or no change for some weeks past . ! IkCRMONDWlKE BUNWJT MaKKKT , APRIL 2 . — . \ There was a little more business doing this week j than last ; a lew orders were put out for the shipping trade . There" was no alteration in prices except samples on hand , which might be bought a shade lower . Nottingham . —The condition of the wrought coti ton-hose branch is said , by sume persons well convex ¦ sant with the matter , to be a shade better . The finer , kind of cotton hose , that is , above forty-gauge , Imve i been fora long time on the decline ; and extreme I fine hose , ! above fifty-gauge , are even in a worse state I than otheva . The cut up branch has improved ; most ! of tho frames employedThe drawer branch is

      are . I considered by some to be a shade better . Ihe t love ! and net irade , whether plain « Ik , cot ton 1 , or warp net / is still pretty good , especially the two laitw . —

      #Crefp Jhofennent& Ifbrri Cni #Totaimt&

      # crefp jHofennent& ifbrri cni # totaimt&

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      * The reform of Gregory the Sixtetnth may be quoted against us ; but thai rtfonn , while almegating the power of the I ' opt ' s auditor , had nothing to ray to the power of the l ' ope himself . Very shortly after its promulgation , time and a . special judge wtre in fact grouted to a resident ofi' ciugia .

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      case R N E J L JWLj } && , TH ^ ORTHERN STA ^ 7 th ^ Z ' j — — ==

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), April 11, 1846, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1362/page/7/