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Northern Star (1837-1852), 21st March 1846, Edition 1 of 4, Page 7, imperial iarltament. X^Z^TZT.. .

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      Untitled Article

      THE POLISH INSURRECTION . PROCLAMATION ^)]? THE PRUSSIAN GOVERNMENT . Bkbus , Mabch 8 . —His Majesty las issued the following proclamation : "The revolt whicu has broken out in the territory of Cracow , and the neighbourhood , and its connection with die revolutionary societies discovered in the Grand Duchy of Posen , the intended attack on Harvard , and the attempt to deliver the state prisoners at Posen , prere sufficiently the aim and intention of the revolt , which was originated by foreign emissaries ; and as the life and property of our faithful subjects are thus exposed to the greatest danger , we have been obliged , to our great regret , to take extraordinary measures , and we ordain the following , afterhaving consulted our Minister of State-Us regards Western Prussia and the Grand Itachy of Posen . THE POLISH INSURRECTION .

      L Whoever shall be arrested during an attack by armed force or resisting to the armed authorities ; whosoever shaU be taken in the flagrant actof exciting Our subjects to revolt , or distributing anus to that effect , shall be taken before a council of war chosen each time by the Commander-in-chief , and under the auspices of an officer of the state , three captains , three lieutenants , three non-cemraissioned officers , and a reporter , and shall undergo sentence of death , and be shot The execution to follow immediately after it has been sanctioned b y the commauder-mchief .

      2 . The commander-in-chief has the power of delaying the execution , and to refer it to our ulterior decision . We have , however , enough confidence in our subjects of German and PeliBh extraction to be convinced that they will not only remain faithful , as tie greater part have lately proved themselves to be , but that they mil co-operate in preserving tranquillity and order , and in suppressing all disturbers of the peaces Frederick Wiluah . A letter from Posen , of the 5 th inst ., states that about twemy additional arrests hadbeen just effected there ; amongst them were some ecclesiastics . The Catholic Gymnasium and Ecclesiastical School hare beeu closed .

      MANIFESTO OF THE POLISH PROVISIONAL GOVERNMENT . The Cologne Gazette publishes the following order of the day of the revolutionary government , but gives neither date nor signature ; it is , however , probable that it was issued by the patriotic government before evacuating Cracow : — Poles , —aftsr the most odious calumnies against the most peaceable inhabitants of Cracow and its territory , in order to justify the projected attack of the Austrian troeps , an attack of this land was made on the 18 th of the present month , and by violence a general discontent was « Kited . Thereupon a serious conflict took place -with the enemy , and several of our valiant brothers sacrificed themselves for the national cause . They fell heroicall

      y , like tree sons of their country , and hare thus set an example worthy of imitation . Hardly had the enemy sustained a smallloss , when a general terror took possession Of them , for God evidently ranges himself on the side of the innocent . These audacious men had announced tLat they w « e here for our protection , hut they were the irst to fly like cowards with the authorities and tuemffitia , so that the town was exposed to the greatest dangers . Thanks be to Providence , which watches over us , there has been no disorder , which is unprecedented in the history ofnutions , aadis the finest episode in the history of Poland . Poles , the decisive moment has arrived . Unite , forget all hatred and all thefatal discoid which has rendered vain the many efforts that yon have hitherto 2 taad » to emancipate Yourselves . Think of the sad

      consequences that result from the destruction of national indei pendenee , and I am firmly convinced that yon will bi like an invincible Macedonian phalanx , and that the national spirit , so well known to everybody , will again be manifested . The Romans had only 2000 square miles of territory , and yet they became master * of the -world . "Why then should not the Polish nation recover its independency if it energetically desiws it ! Pole 3 , do not fear jour enemies . Follow the steps of Leouidas at the head of afew Spartans . But why should I cite the example of ancient nations * What nation has ever had so maay heroes and martyrs as we have had in the sacred cause of our regeneration ? All slaves will rise when they hear of your rising , and the whole of Europe , which evidently deorei to cast off the yoke of its tyrants , will

      applaud jonr devotedness , and assist you . So not , therefore , despair . Place all your trust in God , who will sustain us in our just cause . Citizens and inhabitants of Cracow , the shades of your ancestors , who gave so many proofs of indomitable courage , will place themselves by jour side , and inflame your hearts , convinced that they have not to blush for their sons , who are able to drive out the spoilers who have not feared to lay a profane hand upon their sacred ashes in their tombs . Place voluntary offerings on the altar of jour country , and you will gather the richest fruits of your efforts . Posterity will admire our exploits , and crown them with gratitude . In the opposite case your children will for ever curse your apathy and yoursdves when you are in the grave . From this moment let our motto be God !

      Although no signature is given to the above , it was probably issued by the dictator , Lissawski . Fkee Towss , Hahbebgh , March 5 . —It is said that a whole cargo of English muskets entered the Elbe lately , but that they were seized and sent back to England , as it was discovered they were intended for the Poles . _ Universal consternation pervades Poland , as owing to the number of persons implicated , there is scarcely a family of which some member is not compromised . Re-occcpatios of Cracow bt ihe Austrian's . — The following is the Austrian general ' s account , as extracted from the Augsburgh Gazette :

      Yieksa , March C—A report of General GolUn , of the iia of March , gives the following particulars : — " The insurgents left in the night of the 2 nd or 3 rd of March , having withdrawn their ports on the Vistula . A deputation , led by the Senator Kopf , arrived and announced that * a provisional committee lad been established . Genera ! Collin reylied that the members of ihe ancient senate , who remained at Cracow , were to form again , having M . Kopf for their president The general gave immediate orders to reconstruct the bridge over theYistula , and before the bridge was completed two Russian staff officers arrived , announcing the approach of the Russian forces . The bridge being passable , the general immediately entered the city , with ( our companies of

      infantry , the militia , and two squadrons of light cavalry , who were greeted with acclamations by the Inhabitants . | Fudge !] The Russians , who were the first to enter , had taken possession of the castle and the principal post . The general left troops at both places . Rumerous Russian troops were expected under the orders of the Generals Panukin and TyrnstoSL General Collin had an interview with General Rudiger , commander-in-chief of the Russian troops , and it was agreed that Cracow should be surrounded by Russian and Austrian troops , and that the garrison was to be alternately Russian and Austrian . On

      the 4 th , General Collin was joined by two squadrons Of light cavalry with two pieces of artillery ; and to replace the militia who act as police , he ordered up * ae 1 st battalion of the Landwehr Flahenegg . Geisral Collin left at Podgorze one battalion of infantry , some cavalry , and artillery . There are also some troops at Wadowice . When the Prussian troops arrive , some coange will take place in the arrangements . The insurgents , to the number of 800 , Jad down theu : arms . Count Wrbna , « eneral-inchief , has arrived at Cracow , and has had an interview with General Kudiger as to the measures to be taken . " ns

      f ? £ i ^ ! f a J ? . ^ emsursents , to thenumber of 800 , laid down their arms ; " but the reader will oteerve that he had already said at the commencement of his report , that "tlte insurgents left in the mght of tit 2 nd or 3 rd of ilarclt , " before the entry of the Austrians and Russians . It is probable that Bome © f the patriots submitted , but it is certain that the great body made good their retreat from the city . _ Silesia . —On the morning of the oth inst ., CSO insurgents arrived here under an escort of infantry aad cavalry . They laid down their arms as soon as the hussars and dragoons threatened to charge . They consist of the flower of the Polish youth . Some of the prisoners are in excellent spirits , but a great number weep for their country as a child for a lather or a mother . On the road to Xicolai , the chief of the insurgents met Lis mother and his sisters , " and warm tears were ; shed by all . There are three ecclesiastics among the prisoners . The fate of the Polish prisoners is uncertain .

      Beklis , Mabch Stu . —The three protective powers 'will occupy the Polish proviacei until the insurrection Juts entirely subsided . They intend to act with the greatest mildness against those individuals who have been misled , but will proceed with greater severitv against the leaders .

      THE CAPTURE OF LEMBERG . fhe llhine and Mmlk Gazette publishes private letters from Gallicia , staiingthatpart of the garrison Laying quitted Lemberg , a large body of Polish insurgents had captured the jlace , after a most determined and sanguinary resistance on the part of the Austrian troops which remained there . 120 Austrians were said to have been killed . Tlie Governor-General , Ferdinand d'Este , had taken ref age in one of the convents , together with the rest of

      Ills troops , and barricaded the place . The insurgents , liowever , did not deem it advisable to attack it , and Lad contented themselves with taking from thv arsenal 00 , 000 muskets , beside some cannon and mountain guns , and spiking such as the v were unable to take with them . They had also seeured considerable ; quantities of ammunition and stores , as well as FwhS , ™ * They LaU tlien < l uitte ( 1 Lcmberg £ n »» i * T- . MBlds on aU sides ) , and gone to spread revolt in other parts of GaUW LNSURRECT 1 ON IN RUSSIAN POLAND

      . The Hamburgh Correspondent contains very important intelligence relative to the insurrection reported to have broken out in Russian Poland . Should the accounts detailed by that journal be confirmed , it would appear that the seat of the insurrection had merely been removed to the point wiere oppression Las , up to the present period , been the most violent The Cologne Gazette of the 12 th of iMarch contains the following maniiesto of the insurgents of Russian Poland : —

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      MAMIIISTO OF POL 4 HO , F 1 OBT 1 MO FOB HEB M 8 EHTX , To IHE GEBMA 5 NATION . The Provisional Government of the kingdom of Poland fight ing for liberty . Free and noble Qennan Nation ! The Insurrection of our brothers in the Grand Duchy of Posen hai been fol . lotted by loss of life to all . Our brothers cannot at the present moment explain , or give reasons for this Strug , gla . We will do it for them , so that they may be understood , and calumny be spared . Inferior in fores to meet the vicissitudes of a war , we cannot addreis euraelveato a government , but we canto a people ; for every noble heart , and every ear of liberal-minded Germany , it open to hear and understand us . >««««^ n iM

      Our brothers of Posen , by attacking the government and the army , intended to join us arm * in hand , to aid u § in the struggle againstour barbarous oppressor . Thus the motive of attack was neither hate towards you , nor a false self-esteem . Should God bless our endeavours , our government and yours will be friends . We swear to you from the preient moment friendship and concord . Between free and generous nations , friendship and concord must exist . Neither you nor we can forget the reception our brothers met with in Germany after the bloody

      struggle of 1831 . God has engraven the act in the hearts of all honest men . We are convinced that when our brothers hear of oar struggle and come to our assistance , you will not reluse your aid , for could you allow the arms of a former guest to be chained in your own country ! Generous Germans ! you understand our struggle , for you yourselves have sustained a similar one . You left the great battle of 1813 and 1814 as conquerors . We , on the contrary , fell . Perhaps the Almighty will give his blessing to our present enterprise , for the glory and the liberty of the whole human race , by creating us a free

      and iudependentnation . ( Signed ) Wogiebski , Bashowski . Given , near Kielce , thii 22 nd Feb , 1846 . The Universal ' ^ German Gazette mentio ns that a proclamation had been issued at Lemberg on the 26 th ult ., offering a reward of 1000 florins to any person who should deliver up Edouard Dembouski , or Prokowaki , and Theophili Wizurowski , charged with having excited the people to revolt .

      THE REVOLT OF THE PEASANTS . " Austria is evidently in a dilemma , " writes a correspondent of theNurnberg Zeitung ; " she has not only to occupy Gallicia , but to put a stop to . the excesses committed by the peasants . " Every " day , in truth , we read of castles pillaged and burnt , and the inmates murdered . "Theother day , " says the Augiburgh Gazette of die llih of March , " at Cautski , in western Gallicia , a castle was taken by assault by the peasants , who murdered eleven persons , among whom was the owner , Braeski , and the pastor of Wadowice . The solution of this problem seems more difficult everv day . The Gouricrof TFarcawof tho 9 th of March contains the following proclamation to the inhabitants of the Republic , by the generals commanding the Austrian and Russian forces : —

      Detachments of Russian and Austrian troops have taken possession of the free city of Cracow and the territory belonging to it . The object is , in conjunction with a division of Prussian troops , torestorepnblic order , anil to exprt from the territory any disturbers ot" the peace who may be concealed there . The protective powers willthsn consider on the necessary measures to be taken to assure , in a permangnt manner , the welfare of Cracow ; but meanwhile the powers are preparing to make known , through their representatives , the commanders of the respective troops which occupy Cracow , and who are there on the sole intention of maintaining order , that they have adopted the following measures : — " 1 . The free city of Cracow is declared in a state of liege , and no person will be suffered to leave town without

      permission . " 2 . The persons aad houses of all peaceful inhabitants will be respected . " 3 . All the proprietors of houses are called upon , under the penalty imposable by military law , to denounce immediately to the military authorities all those persons who took part in the late troubles . " 4 . All those who , not being leaders . had the weakness to be misled , are to present themselres immediately before the authorities to make their submission , as a proof of their repentance , otherwise they will invoke clemency in vain . " 5 . All persons concealing arras , or not giving up such to the authorities , will be subject to martial law . " 6 . The president and members of the free city of Cracow , who fled from the revolt and have retained , aie to form , provisionally , the administration of the interior . The Senator Kopf is to be at the head of the administration until the return of President Scbindler .

      " 7 . Each division has named a commander and adjutant , who are to act conjointly . " 6 . A military committee of inquiry is to be appointed to pass sentence on the persons arrested . Those who are deemed innocent will be set at liberty immediately . The guilty will undergo the sentence of the law . ( Signed ) " General Pajuutin . " Majob-Gen £ BAL Collin . "

      The Courier of Warsaw states , that a band of insurgents had taken the direction of Krzesehowize in Prussian Siberia . A detachment of Cossacks arrested them .

      The Cologne Gazette adds the following details : — Berlin , March 6 . —Cossacks and Circassians are scouring the country . They approached the town , but their approach was not reliBhed at all . On the night of the 5 th the Poles , to the number of one hundred , were massacred by these roving hordes . In Prussia , the only measures taken as yet consists in the closing of the Gymnasium of Marie , at Posen : in orders given to the proprietors and farmers not to leave their domiciles ; and in the installation of a committee to pass sentence on those insurgents taken arms in hand . The conclusions come to by the committee are to be sent to Kammergericht ( criminal court ) , at Berlin , who will pronounce sentence at the end of three weeks . Itis said Posen is to be declared in a state of siege . Paris , Friday .

      In the Chamber of Deputies , the Marquis de Larochejacquelin said , that for the last fourteen years the two Chambers had expressed their wishes , bad manifested their formal intention , to maintain Polish nationality . He would ask whether those wishes were to be nothing more than an annual epitaph , written on the tomb of the Polish nation ( llad the government been able to do what had been desired ? He thought not ; and felt convinced that the wishesso often renewed by the two tribunes had beeu useless . ( Murmurs . ) He considered there was some instruction to be gained from what was passing in Poland . Could it be believed that in a monarchical government orders had been given by which a price

      of 25 f . had been offered for the head of every noble , priest , or landowner that might be brought in ? lie must protest against such horrors , and would now ask the government what it had done towards the accomplishment of the wishes , fourteen times repeated by the Chambers ? What could it do to fulfil them , now that the remnant of the Polish nation was suffering under a long and painful agony ? What measures would it adopt ? Would it guarantee that the independence of Craeow should be respected and maintained ? Would it guarantee that the action of political vengeance should not be substituted for that of regular justice ? In a word , what had the government done , what would it do . and what could it do ?

      The Minister of Foreign Affairs said , that amongst the questions that had been put to him by the hon . deputy , that on which he most particularly insisted reiated to the policy and acts of a foreign government , and not to those of the French government . For that reason he should confine himself to the Hue of conduct he had always adopted in that tribuneto speak of what he knew . ( Hear . ) If the acts which had been reported were true , he would not hesitate to designate them as deplorable and guilty . To provoke a social overthrow as a defence against a political danger would be a criminal act . Revolutionists were sometimes guilty of such acts , but regular governments never . ( Approbation from the Centres . ) From the information which had ,

      however , reached him , he had seen nothing to confirm the tacts of which he spoke , and , far from admitting them to be true on the faith of the journals and correspondence which had been quoted , he should be more inclined to deny them . In order to explain the part which the peasants of the Grand Duchy ol Posen and of Gallicia had just been playing , there was no necessity to bring forward guilty suppositions and hypotheses of prices being placed on the heads of certain parties , which the hon . deputy had alluded to . Since the Grand Duchy of Po ~ en and Gallicia had been united , the one to Prussia , and the other to Austria , both those governments have used their utmost exertions to . ameliorate the condition of the peasants . In the Grand Duchy of Posen as in all the provinces of the monarchy , the Prussian

      government had constantly endeavoured to improve the condition of those people , and they had a right to hold land ; they had obtained special jurisdictions instead of those under which they had been formerly placed . When , therefore , an attempt was made to excite them to join in the revolt , they had refused , because their situation was now better than it had ever hitherto been . The same had taken place iu Gallicia , where , since the laws of Maria Theresa aud Joseph 11 ., the condition of the peasants had been much ameliorated . That was the true reason which had influenced the conduct of the peasants of Gallicia . There was not the slightest necessity to bring forward these odious suppositions of the setting a price on the heads of the nobles and the clergy ; they had stronger motives for their conduct , in the improved condition in which they had been placed . At the

      very moment when these events were threatening , before the results of the insurrection were known , the Austrian government foresaw all that happened , and it had expressed its fears that a revolution among the peasants would break out simultaneously with auother insurrection , and it feared that fresh difficulties and fresh causes of embarrassment might arrive . That was what was foreseen by Prince Mettemich , who communicated it to the French government . The Chamber might form its opinion mi these assertions . lie was not charged to defend liom tbat triouMsuchor such a forei gn government , but he considered biniseli called upon to dusuipate false ideas

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      and erjponeuus opiuions . He mi ght refrain from entering into any further explanation on the . subject , but he would not quit the tribune without explaining the ideas of the government . ( Hear , ) Itwasnot without a deep feeling of grief and without a serioHS conviction that his friends and himself had , in 1831 adopted and supported , with regard to Poland , the line of policy whichhad been followed . The Chamber would permit him to remind it of the motives of their conduct and their policy—the non-intervention of France in the affairs of Poland . The interest of France called for this policy . They thought , thai after the revolution of July , Franco should establish her own government , and cover with her buckler not only her own indep endence , but that and erwneuns opinions . He might refrain from

      enof those countries which were closely connected with her—Belgium , Switzerland , and Piedmont . The national interest of France imposed this policy on them . Another motive influenced them—the right of nations . France accepted the state of Europe ; and it was a matter ot faith to maintain good relations between its governments . Such were the motives which , in 1831 , determined the line of policy to be adopted by France , and they had been too often discussed from that tribune to make it necessary for him to allude further to them on the present occasion ; and now , when after sixteen years they were reaping the fruits of their policy—proiperity and security at home , and consideration and security abroad—he did not consider it was a

      moment to abandon it on motives less grave and imperious than those which led to its adoption in 1831 This policy imposed on them two duties towards the unfortunate Poles ; the first was not to hold out to them any illusory or false hopes , and the second , to render them every relief compatible with the interests of France and with the law of nations . Such had always been their line of conduct , and such it would continue to be ; and whilst they remained faithful to this line of duty , they had a right to hope that men who placed themselves under the protection of France would not forget the duty imposed on t

      hem , not compromise the hospitality they received . What would be tke feeling 3 of the Chamber were it to learn that Abd-el-Kader was receiving assistance from a foreign Power ? Was there any one in that assembly but would feel that the interests of France would be thwarted by such a proceeding ? He begged the Chamber to lose sight of these facts , and ot the position in which they placed the government . He was anxious that those who claimed and . obtained the hospitality of France should find bo good a rule for their conduct . France wished to be a place of refuge for misfortune , but not a resort for conspirators . ( Approbation from the Centres . )

      REPORTED INSURRECTION IN HUNGARY AND LITHUANIA . . The National says , " We to-day learn from a source worthy of credit , that the news respecting the Polish insurrection is more favourable . One of the divisions which advanced into the Carpathian mountains has formed communications with Hungary , and two important districts of that country have flown to arms . The insurrection continues to spread in Lithuania , and so well aware is the Austrian government of the fact , that the greatest precautions have been taken to prevent the real state of things being known . All letters are opened , and such as nakc the slightest allusion to the insurrection are retained . These facta have been related to us by a traveller who has traversed a part of the country which has revolted , and he states that it was with the greatest difficulty that he was enabled to proceed . Notwithstanding

      the reserve imposed upon the journals , what they publish goes to confirm that which we have always said relative to the plans of the insurgents , and to the progress of the movement . " "Our government , " says the Suck , " Ought now to be satisfied ; Cracow is once more in the power of the Austrians and Russians ; order reigns at Cracow ! According to the intelligence conveyed by the Prussian anil German journals , it would appear that the insurrectional army had abandoned the province of Cracow to repair to those of Russian Poland and to Gallicia . In order to reduce as much as ] possible the importance of the revolutionary movement , those journals set down the united forces of the insurgents at 5 , 000 men . They state that one-half that number had crossed the Vistula to enter into a hopeless struggle with Austria , and that the other half had remained at Cracow , which upon the approach of the combined forces had divided itself into several

      detachments , some of which had thrown away their arms and returned to their homes , whilst others had crossed over to the Prussian territory . Does it follow , because Cracow has been evacuated by the insurgents , that we ought to abandon all hepe of the success of their undertaking ? If the events of Cracow tend to induce a belief that their attempts had entirely miscarried , other events , likewise mentioned by the German papers ( so sparing of news favourable to the Polish cause ) , would lead us to form a very different opinion , viz ., that the glorious struggle of the Poles was far from being terminated . The Austrian Observer , for instance , mentions a report that the insurgents had penetrated into Hungary , and adds , ' Things cannot now be worse ; ' and when we find the partisans of Austria expressing themselves in such unequivocal language , surely we ought not to be disheartened . In presence of the facts contained in the German papers , and confirmed by correspondences even more favourable to the cause of Polish

      independence , we once more repeat we have no reason to despair . " Paris , Saturday . The names of thirteen deputies , in addition to those already announced as subscribers to the Polish fund , are given in the journals . Baron de Rothschild has undertaken to receive the money and remit it when required , according to tke orders of the committee . Paris , Sunday . The Nationalsvja— " We have to-day received the most energetic protestations against the speech pronounced by M . Guizot . How very lenient would he not find us were we to venture to publish the expressions of indignation , contempt , and of auger , the impassioned and eluquent imprecations which he has inspired ! He would then be able to say whether a man could brave with impunity the universal

      Bentiment of his country . Let him affect what baldness and sangfroid he may , he will find a first and terrible chastisement in this concert of maledictions . What is still better iB that the friends to the Polish cause have considerably augmented since the discussion , in the Chamber . To give some idoa . of the movement caused by this immense sympathy , we have only to state , that within the last eight days we have received upwards of 600 letters iu reference to the Polish insurrection , to the sitting of the Chamber , to the subscription , or to the speech of M . Guizot ; and what is most remarkable is the unanimity oi sentiment contained in those letters . Continue , then , citizens of all classes , to cherish and lose nothing of thoie noble instincts . Think of the insurgent Peles , whose cause is so just , so holy ! Think of the honour of your country . "

      The word repaire made use of by M . Guizot in his speech on Friday , in reply to the questions proposed by Messrs . Odillon Barrot and de Larochejaquelin relative to the Polish insurrection , appears to have peculiarly excited the indignation of the Liberal portion of the Paris press . In addition to a censorious article in its number of Saturday , the Constiuaionnd of Sunday says—II . Ouizot has expressed aa opinion that " the Polish retugees ought not to be suffered te convert France into a rtpaire ( den ) for the nurture of revolutions and conspiracies . " That word repaire has excited a sentiment of universal approbation among the members of the Chamber of Deputias . It is a word seldom or never employed , except in reference to the retreat of thieves and assassins , Paris , Monday .

      Ihe opposition journals of Paris , and most of the provincial papers , continue to keep up the agitation on the Polish question . Subscriptions arc being raised everywhere , and more particularly amongat the lower classes , and they amount to-day to £ 1 , 250 . It is now very difficult ; to obtain information deserving credit on ^ the progress or ^ repression of the insurrection ; but it is quite certain that every day supplies of money are sent from Paris , and that preparations are still making at the present moment for sending arms to the insurgents . Many Polish gentlemen have left , aud are daily leaving , the French Metropolis . The pupils of the Military School of St . Cyr had subscribed 1 , 800 francs in favour of the Poles . Those of the Veterinary School of Alt ' ort , and of the Colleges of St . Louis , Charlemagne , Louis lc Grand , Bourbon , St . Barbe , ltollin , Orleans , &c , have likewise subscribed .

      The National publishes a variety of extracts from the German journals relative to the insurrection , all of which would lead to the belief that the insurrection , even if for the present suppressed , was far from being definitely subdued , and that serious events were upon the eve of taking place . In the Chamber of Deputies no business of importance was transacted . On the reading of the proe esverbal of the preceding sitting , some angry words were exchanged between members , in consequence of certain expressions that tell from M . Guizot having

      been altered in the report . M . Guizot had said on the previous day , when answering M . tie la Rochejacquelin ' s questions , that " it could not be expected that France would be the haunt ( repairs ) ofall insurrectionists , " and these words were afterwards replaced by the Mowing : — "Thus France could not be the focus of all revolutions and insurrections . " The alteration was evidently made in deference to the feelings of the house towards the Polish insurgents ; and this being acknowledged , the conversation was dropped .

      MOVEMENT IN BELGIUM . The National states that a committee has been appointed at Brussels to collect subscriptions , and is composed of the following persons : —M . Joltrand , formerly member of the Constituent Congress ; M Ducepetiaux , Inspector-General of prisons and of charitable establishments ; M . Lchardy de Beaulieu advocate ; M . luuk , advocate ; M . Felix Delbnsse , director of tne debat- * ocial ; M . Adolpue Bartela formerly exiled from Belgium . '

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      [ For the reminder of the Polish Insurrection , sec our > ; i , FirrtPage , ]

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      HOUSE OF LORDS-MoNiur , Maucu 10 . rSZS Ml ^^'^^^^ HOUSE OF COMMONS- Monday , Mabch 16 .

      M „ ENLISTMENT . ™ i ^' i ™; , £ ? ! ^ ished t 0 Mk * i ue 3 iion o { Z Jmv t 0 ? disci P line an ( i well-being of Srfio , M-ZIfi neiaL - Within the last month a Sim . Itft f h regiment had ^ en brought to a SafS ? 8 friS Mine i ? (! 1 itwM » t » t « ron tlie Si i- hfwi K ^ ? s h wa ? not a soldier at aI ' f elW * i een duly enlisted ' i » quiry it was found that the objection was founded on the Enlistment Act , which provided that when a man enlisted he must be attested by a magistrate within the district where he had enlisted , or some one aetin » for such magistrate . It appeared that this soldier had been enlisted in one county and attested in another ; the consequence was , lie was immediately disch

      arged . He ( Mr . Dunoombe ) understood that a great number of men in tlie army , 5 , 000 or 6 , 000 , were in that position ; he understood that 400 of tne 1 st regiment of Guards had left the regiment on that plea . lie wished to ask what course the Horse Guards intended to pursue , and whether it would not bedesirable to bring in a short bill confirming those enlistments ? He understood that anothercoursohad been suggested , that of compelling those who left to retund the money they had received , and pay for their accoutrements . But he thought a short bill o ! the kind referred to would be the most juit ; it would not only conbrm those enlistments , but set at rest a doubt that had arisen as to whether a soldier so attested , haying served twenty-one years , would be entitled to his pension ?

      Mr . S . llKRBKiit said , it was perfectly true that within the last two days a very great number of applications had been received , principally from soldiers in the regiments of the Guards , claiming their discharge under circumstances correctly described by the hon . gentleman . It was not , however , the case that any ot auch soldiers had , on application , been granted their discharge . The answer had been to all such applications , that every soldier had , by a certain term of service , become a soldier , and would receive a pension according to the length of that service . With respect to the statement that : i claim could be made on a soldier for the refunding ofhis levy money , lie ( Mr . 5 . Herbert ) thought nothing could be more unjust or imp . litic . ( Hear , hear . ) The subject was of great importance , and was under the consideration of her Majesty ' s government .

      FAMINE IN IRELAND . An interesting conversation took place on the famine and \ lise ; ise now prevalent in Ireland . Mr . S . O ' Brien , Mr . Wakley , Mr . O'Connell . Sii-J . Graham , Sir R . Peel , Lurd G . Bsntinck , and Captain Jones were the principal speakers . Mr . Wakley again insilted that food , not physic , should be immediately distributed among the people of Ireland ; that the Irish Poor Law ought to be amended forthwith ; and that the boards of guardians in Ireland ought to be

      compelled to administer relief , at once , to the destitute poor of Ireland . Sir ft . Peel endeavoured to impress upon the house the abselute necessity ot proceeding without delay to sanction with their approbation the resolutions respecting . the tariff , which had been already affirmed in committee , inasmuch as those resolutions would afford the Treasury an opportunity of issuing orders which would have a most favourable effect on the trade and commerce of Ireland , and on the means of giving employment to the poor of that country .

      PRESERVATION OF LIFE ( IRELAND ) BILL . The Preservation of Lite Bill was brought down frmu the House of Lords , and was ordered to be printed . CUSTOiVIS' ACTS . The house then proceeded to consider the report on the Customs' Acts . On the question that the duty on hops be reduced to £ 26 s . aewt ., Mr . Plompire , on behalf of the hop-growers of Kent , opposed the reduction . After a conversation , in which Sir R . Peel , Mr . Fuller , Colonel Austen , Mr . Knight , Mr . Humphery , Mr . B . Hope , Mr . Frewen . the Chancellor of the Exchequer , and Lord G . Bentinck joined , the house divided on the question that this reduction should be erased from the tariff . The numbers were for the

      amendment—Ayes 44 Noes < jl Majority againt it —47 The reduction was therefore affirmed . On tho proposition for reducing the duties on the importation of foreign site manufactures , which embraces several items in the tariff , Mr . G . Baxkes proposed to omit this article , with all its items , from the tariff . He accepted the challenge of Sir R . Peel to stiow that the remission oi duties had ever produced depression among the operatives of any trade to which such remission had been applied . Within a tew years after the introduction of Mr , Hibkiason ' s measure , a select comraittee had been appointed by the house to examine

      into the state oi the silk trade at that time , and to inquire whether any and what legislative measure ' could be passed to promote it . The hon . member then read extracts from evidence taken by the committee , showing thereduetioa in wages in consequenee of the introduction of the goods of France . Tlie poor rates ofa parish in Coventry increased from £ 1307 in 1824 , to £ 2192 in l&JO . Mr . Brocklehurst , of Macclesfield , stated that in 1824 thero wcie 27 « , u 00 spindles iu that town , and that the mill people engaged in the trade were 10 , 000 . In 1828 , t « o yean after the completion of the alteration of the duty , there were 159 , 000 spindles , and tho mill people had been reduced to 5254 . In 1831 the spindles were reduced to 122 , 001 ) . and the mill neoule to 3000 .

      ( llear , hear . ) In 1821 the wages of able-bodied men in Maccleah ' eld were 18 s . per week ; in 1828 , 8 s . Cd . ; and in 1831 , were 4 s . 7 d . ; and tlie wages of the women and children exhibited a similar reduction . The poar-utes in Macelestield in 1824 exhibited a gross expenditure of £ 4201 ; in 1820 , of i' 8670 ; more than double . ( Hear , hear . ) The number of families relieved in 1825 was 5 G ; in 1831 it had increased to oil families . How could any one say , after this , that no case could be produced in which a removal of protection had not been immediately beneficial to the interest formerly protected ? lie ( Mr . Bankes ) had answered the challenge of the right honourable baronet . The great manufacturers and capitalists might proclaim that they weie ready to

      make sacrifices , and take a share in the triumph of passing the present measure ; but this was tile case of the labourer and the operative , and it was to ruin them . He denied that these classes were in favour of the change ; on the contrary , lie contended that they looked with dread upon the probable operation of these measures . We were losing the manufacture of those branches of the trade which paid high wages . It was the manufacture of those fabrics that ought to be especially encouraged , and not surrendered in despair of competing with the patterns ami dyes of our foreign rivals . After alluding to several recent meetings of the . silk weavers of Manchester and Sall ' ord , to petition against the proposed reductions on silk , Mr . Bankes

      said-He might be told that the Spitalfields weavers had resorted to Manchester and other parts of the kingdoin , but their condition had undergone no improvement . He found from the report of Mr . Saundcis , Inspector of Factories , whose district included Derbyshire , Hampshire , Hertfordshire , Kent , Middlesex , Surrey , Wiltshire , and Yorkshire , that the following was the result of a comparison ofa number of mills he inspected in 183 S and in 1 S 45 : —In 1838 there were 201 cotton mills ; in 1815 , 203 ; showing an increase of 59 . In thu former period there were OCO wool manufactories ; in tho latter G 55 ; the increase having been 89 . In 1838 there were 3 S 8 manufactories of wonted fabric ; in 1 S 15 thero were 438 ; showing an increase of 50 . There were 59 flax mills

      in 1838 , while there were G 5 in 1815 , showing an increase of C ; but at the former period there were CO silk mills , while in 1 S 45 there were only 03—a reduction of C . ( Hear , hear . ) Then the total number ol children employed in factories in Lancashire , who came under Mr . Saui . ders ' s notice , was 13 , 000 , of whom only about 800 were engaged iu the silk trade , lhis return came up to January 1840 , and embraced a very extensive district , aud it showed that the silk weavers who had been compelled to quit London ill consequence of the experimental measures for reducing duties , had not established themselves in other parts ot the kingdom . He did not deny that some ot these persons might be employed in the Manchester trade-in manufacturing silk mixed with cotton , worsted , or other materials ; but he must remind the house that he was arguing tho question of

      wages . ( Hear . ) lie iound , from a , paper which had been largely circulated , which was drawn up with considerable ability , and which he had reason to believe was written by a person of eminence , that the weekly wages paid to silk weavers were now less by o » e-hnlf than they were in 1834 ; and that the gross annual value of silk goods made in England was estimated to be less by £ 2 , 000 , 000 or £ 3 , 000 , 000 sterling than in that yeav . He- found also from the sumo documunt , that while the average value of hnglish silks exported to France in 1814 , was 7 s . Cd . per pound , the avcrag-e value of French silks imported into this country tlunng the same period was fllis . per pound . This fact showed the difference in the qualities of silk manufactured in the two countries , and the more rcnnu ' . crativc employment which must necessarily be allbrded to the working classes in

      1 < ranee . Mr . W . Er , Lis directed the attention of the house to the iiltcve d circumstances of the silk trade . The question w as not now whether we could return to a pruhibituvy system . That was clearly impossible , and , mo ' reuver , it was not likely that , it" we returned to tha o system we could restore to the operatives their former wages , lie consitlerec \ that it would be greatly for the interest of Spitalfields if tho whole of this protection were withdrawn , Ho vecomrjeuded the housu to throw open the silk trade , and , to cease to proclaim its inferiority to that ui' France . 1 Then men of capital would go into it , and our . silk

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      manufactures would not only rival , but would l-e » h solutely superior to those of France . Mr . BrockIiEHUUST considered that , thougn an open trade might benefit the wholesale and large re * tail dealers , yet that it must prove injurious to all classes engaged in our domestic manufactures . There was a population of 40 , 000 or 50 , QQto in Macclesfield , and it was his ( Mr . Brocklehurst ' s ) duty to defend their interests , just as much as it was the interest of the lion , gentleman to defend the interest of the wholesale dealers . They might say , if they pleased , that when workpeople found that they were not able to obtain proper wages in one trade they should seek more profitable employment ; but this was not easily done . For instance , he did not himself think that a

      shoemaker could be easily converted into a milliner -Hear , hear , and langhter ) -and he would leave political economists to show W this transition from ? hp »? T V ^ l , ° J vnot - was to take place - £ M \' fi ?? ha ( 1 ^ lutrnstc ( l with a petition £ Sff f ^ the P etiti « ners stated that they had learned with surprise and sorrow that the remission of the duty on silks in 1824 , and the admission of foreign silk goods in 1826 , were considered oy the government to be successful measures . So far from that being the case , the petitioners stated that they never should be able to forget the effect pro-, oon y tllosemeasu >' ? their condition ; for , in 1820 , many thousands in Macclesfield were thrown out of employment , and one-half of the maimlac

      Hirers , along with their workpeople , were reduced to a state of ruin , from which they had never emorged ; that wages fell one-half , and to this day had a continual downward tendency . Such was the state of the Macclesfield wearers . ( Hear , hear . ) Before the ettect produced by those measures , weavers had been known to save their £ 100 or £ 150 , but the petitioners stated that now they could not remain out of work for a fortnight without being obliged to do what they considered degrading-namel y , make an application to the parish for relief . Si r ? . Clerk , in answer to Mr . Bankes' quotations from evidence collected in 1832 , detailed

      statements ol the then existing distress amonj ; the « ilkwcavers , which were made at a public meeting held at the Mansion-house in 1816 . From this information it appeared tbat distress among the Spitalfields weavers was owing to other causes than the operation ot the measures of 1824 and 182 G . He attributed the superior success which had attended our cotton ^ manufacture , as compared with our manufacture of silk , to the want of any artificial stimulus in ihe case of the former . He quoted Mr . Saundors ' report to show tlie increased employment afforded of late years by the silk manufacture at Derby . All parties concerned in the trade were anxious for tho

      measure proposed by government . Mr . Newbeoate supported the amendment of Mr . Bankes , and Messrs . Hawes , Adderley , and Elliee opposed it . Lord G . Bextinck said , the right hon . gentleman , Vice-Prcsident of the Board of Trade , in his attempt to answer the able—mest able speech with which the amendment had been proposed , had jumbled up the whole of the trade from the yeav 1810 to 1815 , and had mixed up ten years of protected trade with twenty years of lieo trade ; and then the right hon gentleman said , "Seehow , during the last thirty years , the silk trade of this country has prospered lie had been waited upon by three gentlemen from Coventry who were concerned in the ribbon

      tradethey were Mr . Burberry , Mr . Caldecott , and Mr . M'Cray . They stated that while there had been only two niillii erected in Coventry since the last alteration of the law for tho manufacture of bonnet ribbon , there had been no less than five erected in the town of St . Etienne , in France ; that was to say , St . Etienne had flourished at ihe expense of Coventry . There was a description of ribbon whick they could manufacture at Coventry as cheaply as the French ; but tlie satin ribbons were a more costly article , and the competition was much against them . The French could produce it at 58 s . a pound , whereas the English manufacturer required a remuneration of 75 s . If the duty of 30 per cent , therefore should be reduced , the trade of Coventry in this article

      would be entirely destroyed . The member for Leicester ( Mr . Wynn Ellis ) had admitted that goods from abroad were more to be disposed of on more advantageous terms by the great wholesale dealers ( of which the hon . member was himself one ) than the goods manufactured at home . But let the house compare the population employed by these vast slaughter-houses , as they were designated , with the population engaged in the manufacture of silk ribbons . The great warehouses , the proprietors of which made enormous fortunes , were interested in driving the English manufacturers out of the market , because they could buy cheaper from France . It was to such men that her Majesty ' s ministers had lent a ready ear . But how many persons did they employ ?

      According to the information lie had received , some two or three of the larger houses employed about 150 persons in the height of the Lond » n season , after which these individuals were sent about their business . But what was the number of persons employed in the silk trade ? There were 58 , 200 persons so employed , besides 6800 ribbon weavers , and 38 , 000 other weavers not particularly distinguished , but no doubt a very large portion of them were employed in the silk manufacture . There was another article connected with the trade , called figured gauze . The member for Leicester ( Mr . W . Ellis ) was compelled to admit that the weavers of Coventry had been already driven from this branch of trade . The figured gauzes were worth 180 s . perlb

      me silk ol winch they were made was purchased at 2 Ss . per lb . So that the difference between 180 s and 28 s ., ueing no less than 150 s . per lb ., was expended in labour and profit . By French competition , the trade in gauze ribbons had been driven out of Coventry for there were only two houses that now manufactured any . The duty under which the French competition had had this effect , was 27 s . 6 d ., and it was now proposed to reduce it to 14 s ., when Coventvv could not remit it undera duty of 27 s . 6 d . "What did those gentlemen , who called on him yesterday , uav with regard to wages—why that they were reduced twenty per cent , since 1826 . He ( Lot d G . Bentinck ) did not apprehend that the manufacturers could grind , them down any further . ( Hear , and cheers . ) order to enable

      In them to compete with foreigners they had dragged the weavers from the loenis which they worked at home to place them in mills and factories , and Wad reduced wages to ihe lowest possible point . It was clear , therefore , that unless it was intended to destroy the trade of Coventry altogether , this reduction ought not to take place . He would not goto Maccle-field , the hon . member for that borough was a witness to the consequences of ftce-trndc in silk , lie mentioned as a striking and singular fact , tliat a . gentleman , with whom he was acquainted , hnd lent to tho silk manufacturers , in small sums , £ 30 . 001 ) , and that he had in cunsequenee of their distress become the reluctant proprietor of mills which only five years before cost £ 120 , 000 . One

      mill , which had cost £ 14 , 000 , his friend had obtained for db' 1 , 700 . Was that a proof of the prosperity of the silk trade ? Nay more , was it a proof of the- perfect success of the free trade system i Referring to that item of the silk duties which reduces the duty paid on the importation of foreign silk dresses from £ 2 10 s . to £ 110 s ., he reminded the house that this reduction would have a most injurious effect on tlie millinei' 3 and dressmakers of England , who amounted in number to 106 , 000 persons . Would the house leave these women to starve , or to a fate worse than starvation , because they could not come to the house aud knock loudly at its doors ? He implored the house not to consent to a measure which would inflict ruiti on so many thousands of individuals .

      Sir R . Psei , hoped that those who weie now called upon to decide upon the scheme of commercial policy would maturely consider the facts within their reach , before they came to a sonclusion uponi it on the mere impulse of feeling . He contended tliafc it would not be for the interest nor for the morality of the working classes to recur to that prohibitory sysfem , because . , as lie showed by reference to what occurred in Spitalfields in 1806 , 1812 .,, and 1 S 16 , there were periodically sufferings among the operatives in tho silk trade , which it was impossible to . parallel bv anything which had occurred since the relaxation of . the prohibitory and protective duties . In the conclusion of his speech , Lord G . Bentinck had referred in terms of misapplied pathos to tlie m * lanclioly condition to which tke milliners and dressmakers would be reduced by tho present proposition of the government . Now , if there was one class of

      persons who sutecd urn thaa another from the illicit introduction of silk articles , it was that verv class on which his noble friend had expended his sympathies . There was . a false reliance on the protection system , and foreign silk dresses , could now be got iu this country at a cost not greater than that of the duty wkieh the government now proposed . He concluded by stating that one of his great objects in woposing tlie present tariff was to cut up by the roots the system of smuggling , which inflicted greater injury on the operatives than could easily be calculated . Mr . D Iskaem nwintaiaed that tho cause which the Protectionists were bow defending was that of the working c asses of the community . With regard to Sir 11 . Peel ' s assertion , that his scheme was calculated to cut up smuggling by tho roots , he asked 17 ifi ^ onn rcconoiled ^ to his plan to leavo a duty ot £ 1 , 200 per cent , on tobaccoand 250 cent

      , per . on tea . ' r The house then divided , when there appeared for the amendment—Ayes m Noes : ; : •¦• $ * Majorit y .. jQg tariff 0 artiCl ° W 8 S thGU inS 01 ' lcd in *^ amond ^ The other orders of tho day were disposed of and tho houso adjourned at half-past one o ' clock . HOUSE OF LORDS-Tuesday , March 17 .

      THE OREGON TERRITORY . The Earl of Clakendon moved for such portions oi ' the diplomatic correspondence respecting the Oregon negotiation , as the Earl of Aberdeen might think it consistent with public duty to produce . Nothing could bo further from his wishes than to embarrass the government ; but though the language of the British and American governments had . been entirely

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      I pacific , yet it e .. u ! d not be denied that the two countries were insensibly drifting towards a war . It was time , he thought , to break the silence so rigidly preserved on this sice tliu Atiautic , and to furnish the lwu » e with all the information that could prudently bv 3 furnished . He was convinced that an abltr negotiator than Mr . Pakenham could not be found , and tbat the government had acted most judiciously in every step it had taken in the matter ; . for it had declare a t » the world that it would iiot engage in war ufttil every means of keeping peace were exhausted . It waa morally impossible that two such nations as England and Ameiica ahould embroil themselves for a comparatively worthless territory , and he should conclude by moving for the correspondence , and by asking what course the government intended to pursue in the tfvent of the Senate concurring in the twelvemonth ' snotice .

      The Earl 0 / Abkrdeen said it was only natural that the public should desire authentic information on the Oregon negotiation , and there could be 110 valid reason for refusing some of the papers in question ; bat he must reserve to himself the right of withholding a large portion of the correspondence , because hsproduction at ( the present moment would beinjuriousto the public interests . In tact , he should not have been disp » wed voluntarily to produce any part of it ; for , though the American government had done so , that wk-jm ) precedent , as they weie differently situated , 'i'ise United States Executive had called on tlie-legislates to take a direct course in tho matter ; that was not eurcase : her Majesty ' sgoverninent had no > intention at present of calling on

      Parliament for an opinion , and therefore tlie information sought was not indispensable . Besides , in the pr < * sent undecided ' state of the negotiation , the production of the whale correspondence might ind uce an ut » favourable opiaion as to 6 ! i « resuh of the negotiation , for which reassa he luiiot also decline to say what } course it was intended to pursue with respect ' to the twelvemonth's notice . Be had ovspy hope that the issue of the trantitution w < iuk ) be p : wtfic , but still it must be reim-robered thns in so de .-. iea ' te a matter every well-intentiwied elfsrt nii tht be unavailing He would conclude by repeMingeiiip lxuically the fol lowing words from her Majratv '» Spemh— " That no effort will be spaned consistently with the national honour to bring this question . t » an early and successful termination . "

      Lord BiiouoiiAMsMsd Lord iaunusTON made a few observations . The motion was then put and agreed to ; after which , a short tonveysation ensued on tho ¦ subject ; of the equipment and dismant . ing of her Majesty ' s ship Bellerophon at Portsmouth , and their lordships ad - journed at a quarter sa > t six o ' elodk . HOUSE OF COMMOi \ S-Tr / ESUAr , Mmoh . 17 . Mr . I . Duncombk presented a petition from the Tower Ilamlvts iniavourof the liberation of Krost Williams , and Jones - also a petition in favour . of . the lea Hours' Bill ; and a petition 11 : 0111 some respectable inhabitants of Ilalborn , complaining , of . the nuisawce and detriment to business caused , by a piece of ground belonging to the Commissioners ol Wooi . s and 1-orests being left vacant .

      Mr . Patiisox presented a petition , signed by upwards of 2000 ot the inhabitantsctToittiuijtm , Edmonton , and their vicinities against ihe enrolment of the militia . Br . Bo \ raiK' » presf ! iv .. 'd twentjuight petitions against calling out . ths militia , frosj Suistimmptrn and various < rthi ; r v . hweiv ; . aixo ek-vya yHiUuitS i pniying that in all interDsumual : r » . atic& . a i- ' miml- liii inserted , binding ermmi'ies to .-ubrnit all matters-v . i publiccontroveisy to iriemily iu-lmnuiot : , inneadol appealing to ana * . PUBLIC fct'SIN-ESS .

      Mr . Stap ; -o ;; u O'Buwx , < , n vM it-afiir ^ ol the order ot tlie day lav receiving tna report , oi the tojuiiiitii-o on the Customs' Ac t * , tviaile ; ui attack upon Sir . It . Peel , on account of his mA having y . er . siibjuitieii ; o Parliament any of the measures , i-iv * the New Settlement Bill , which he had said were so aec < imna . v . - the measure for the abolition of ihe Cora Laws , as j , compensation to the agricultural interest lor any loss which it might sustain . The Chancellor of the ExcnEQUEitobserved , that if Sir Robert Peel was not in his place that evening , it was only fair to infer , from the constancy of his

      attendance in Parliament ^ that lie was prevented by . the pressure of other public business , lie could havewished that Mr . Stafford O'Brien , as air H . Peel had been in his place every night during the last seven weeks , had selected , an evening when Sir . R . Peel was present , instead of the first when he wr , * absent , for this very unexpected attack . He reminded the house that the Settlement Bill had already been printed , and informed it that the Highways Kate Bill and the Drainage Bill weie now considerably advanced , and would shortly be laid on the table .

      CORN AND CUSTOMS' IMPORTATION ACTS . Upon the order of tlie day ( ilio further proceeding , on the Customs' and Corn Importation Report ) being read , a tedious conversation ensued upon the already well-debated article of silk . Mr . Muntz followed tke example by reverting to the zinc question . At the item spirits and strong waters , Alderman Thompson offered his protest to the proposed reduction in duty us inexpedient , as well . on considerations of revenue as on other grounds .. The annual loss to the revenue from this course would be upwards- of £ 400 , 000 , while the advantage , i £ any , would . result exclusively to middle and upper classes of the community . He moved the omission ; ot the above words from the resolution . Mr . Ewart supported , and the Marquis of Granby opposed , the reduction .

      iVlr . Uahdwell argued that the revenue would , not be injured by the diminished rate of duty , while the morality of the country would ba equal / y inviolate ; consumption would not be increased—but illicit distillation would be eneourageiL Our trade with Franco would also be benetkted . by the reduction . Mr . ICsioht having said a few words , the house divided , when the numbers wer «—For the amendment ... ... .,.. 34 Against it ... ... ( jg _ Majority against ths amendment —31 The article clover-seed induced a most lugubrious supplication from Mr . Allix . He expected that the abolition of the existing duty , would cause tho most wide-spread misery throughout the hind , exiling the landowners from their paternal acres , and destroying , the whole class of agricultural labourers .

      Sir R . Pkel ofleved his testimony to , Mr . AHix ' s patriotism , but showed slight sympathy with the hon . gentleman ' s appiohensions . This objection was not pressed to a division . On the next resolution beiag read , Mr . Miles regretted that miuistess- had determined to remit the small duty which , had bten . retained in the tariff of 1842 , on the importation ol . foreign cattle , lie showed that the duty , had neither been prohibitory nor unproductive ; and if the : supply of foreign beasts for tne market as tmithfield had

      been recently stopped , it was owing to the reluctance of the importers to introduce any foraign cattle until the present duty was- repealed . When that duty was taken off , the market would be quite " inundated " with foreign cattle . He thought tbat the duty ought to be retained until the expinitio&iatUhe GomLaws ; and such being his opinion , lie moved , as an amendment , to strike out | of the resolution the words , " oxen und bulls ,. cows ,. lanibs > swine and hogs , bacon , beef , salted , pork fresh , pork salted , kc , " ColoaelSiBTBOBB seconded t ! i « amendment .

      Sir K ,.. P . KEL . justiiied the reduction of duty nowproposed , and showed that it could notbe productive of any injury to-the-agrieultusil interest . Competi-. tion with Irish catde was quite as formidable to the English grazier as competition with . Dutch and Daiiisii caitle . And yet tus English grazier competed , successfully , with the Ivash graaler . Why , then , should he be afraid of ' compaung with the foreigner ? It . was said that the price ct ; cattle had recently increased . jS * ow ,, did it never occur to the Pi otectionists that tlw increnaed price niight . 5 > e occasioned by . increasedconsuiuption , und that increased consuinpticit might he ths result of the labouring classes having enjoyod ,. during the last year , better wages and more constant eowluymcnt' ?

      -Idisiuraion then tjok place , in ¦ which Mr . Finch , the Chancellor of the Exchequer , Sir J . Tyrrell , Mr . YUUers . Sir J . Trollopc , Mr . P . Borthwiek , Sir J . Walsh , Mr . E . Yorke , Sir C . Knightly , Mr . C . Bruce , ? ad Lord G . Bentiack joined , aud in which , the speakers ran riot over the most multifarious , topics * The Excise uutiea were discussed—so too was the malt tax , and the comparative merit of malt and oilcake in fattening cattle . T ! ie influence of railroads was taken into consideration , as was alsa the state oi Ireland , the prsedial outrages of its peasantry * and the want of employment ameiig its population generally . The disinterestedness ot the

      landowners , and tbe selfish objects of the manufacturers in propagating free trade principles , and . iu seeking ; the repeal of the Corn Laws , wove dwelt on with , iniiuito gusto , whilst uiwcb eiotmence was wasted by the " agricultural mind" upon the impossibility of relying on the professions of government , on the probability of Sir It . Peel ' s scheme being rejected by the House of Lords , and the certainty of the Protectionists obtaining a majority in the next Parliament , if an appeal were now made to the country ! As to the resolution itself , very little was said , as it seemed to be almost forgotten until there wa 3 a call for a division . The house then divided , when there appoared—1 ' or the amendment 72 Against it Ill Majority against it 30 Tho announcement of the numbers was roeei . veil with loud cheers from the Protection benches . The original proposition was then agreed to . Another division tookj place on tho article "hides , " in which the government proposition was carried by a majority of 64 . An objection was also taken by Mr . Lawson to the reduction on "linens ; " butit was not pressed to a division . On the timber duties being read , Mr . MiTcnBH moyed the date ISiO instead of 1817 on the first resolution , which was negatived without a division . The resolution on the timber duties was then put substantively .

      Imperial Iarltament. X^Z^Tzt.. .

      imperial iarltament . X ^ Z ^ TZT .. .

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      March 21 t 1846 . THE NORTHERN STAR . 7 i i i ««» « . -o iiw 1 ' . ' ~ £ == *»

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), March 21, 1846, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1359/page/7/