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Northern Star (1837-1852), 28th February 1846, Edition 1 of 4, Page 4, Untitled Article

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    • Co £eaM*£ # €om£tooittant&
    • THE LAND.
    • FROST, WILLIAMS, AND JONES.
    • THE NORTHERN STAH. SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 28,1846.
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      Untitled Article

      hobeas coopeb . the chartist's . ^ osks . - . .,. -.. ffiE PURGATORY OF SUICIDES . A Prison Rhvme . In Ten Books . ( One ' Vol ., 7 s . 6 d . ) 1 The most wonderful effort of intellectual power proneed within the last sentury . "—Tfo Britannia . " Here we have a genuine poem springing out of the pirit of the times , and indeed out of the heart , and exerience of one who hag wrestled with and suffered in it . t is no other than a poem in ten hooks , hy a Chartist , nd who boldly sets hig name and his profession of Ihaxtism on the title-page . It is plain that he glories in lis political faith more than in hig poetry ; nay , his verse hut the vehicle of that faith . Yet , nevertheless , it is l 'rigorous and most efficient vehicle . We must cordially HO 9 SAS COOPER-THUCSAhtiST'S

      tonfess that we have read the whole with a feeling of unfeigned , astonishment * * * We are hyno means IttrpriseA . having read his poetry , " at the effect of bis eloluence on the people . It is that of a . sauI fall of thought , fttU of hurniag zeal for liberty , and with a temperament that must and will come into action . The man is all bone and sinew . * * Heappears to have revelled in history , ancient and modern . His acquirements in this department are quite amazing . * * * K he eteaiily hold on in sing le-heartedness , there can 60 no question that he has before him not only a certain and high reputation , hut what is of far more consequence , may become a real benefactor to his fellow countrymen of the million in their pursuit of sound knowledge and sound nbertv . " --E < 3 edieBeeUiB .

      "We hail the writer as a new power in the world of poetry , the ruler of a new domain , as yet hut little known , but which the public cannot fail to recognise , when its kings of thought shall put on their singing robes , and with fresh voice and soul speak its praises to the world . "—SCTtinel " The book possesses mind—mind which make itself felt and understood , and which , therefore , demands regpeet-rAtkenceum . "Pure , religious , patriotic , he has not a line inimical to the great law of progression . Men may read him as a preacher poet . His lay is for all time . It will make the heart Of the hopeful glow with a holy fire when he who eased it has passed from among men . As m : m strengthens in knowledge and love—as passion or prejudice expire—as reasoa gains and retains her mastery —will this high-souled man ' s work he increasing !} reverenced and read . " —General Adtertiser .

      "Well conciiived—wrought out with no ordinary amount of power—clearly and concisely expressed . "lUuminated Magazine . "One of the most extraordinary literary productions of the day—we may say of the present age—a work which will gain for its author arcputation as lasting , if not as great , as that of Byron , Spenser , and Milton . " - —Kentish Independent . "Intensity , passion , is his great characteristic ; and this will constitute ttie main source of his influence , and , onless we are much mistaken , will render the' Purgatory of Suicides * ai popular in the political , as Pollack ' s Course of Time' in the religious , world . —Xdttmgham Reeiac .

      " One of the noblest creations of modern times , deeply impregnated with power and beauty , and glowing in every page with the illuminings of searching and passionate thought . He wields an intellect of mighty power . We shall not halt in asserting that in the catalogue of England ' s greatest birds must hereafter be inscribed the name of Thomas Cooper . "— Sheffield Iris . " One of those rare works which appear at but distant Intervals of time . It proclaims the author to he gifted with the spiritof poetry in the highest degree . "—Leicester shire itcrcttrg . "The whole work is one which must impress the reader with the conviction that Cooper , the Chartist , is a man of lofty genius , aad must and will ba remembered with his land ' s language . "—Boston Herald .

      Untitled Article

      cm 0 SSEUM . -NOTICE .-PRICE OF ADMIS-00 SION DURING THE HOLIDAYS !! Day Exidbition 2 s . Evening Bo 1 2 s . 6 d . Children under Twelve . Is . Stalactite Caverns ¦ ' . Is . extra . I ' tHB » at exhibition consists of the Museum of sculpture , Grand Picture of London , Alnambra Conserva tories , Gorgeous Gothic Aviary , Classic Ruins , Swiss Cottage and Mont Blanc , with Mountain Torrent , &c . * c . Open from Ten tiil Four o'Clock . EVENING . —The new and extraordinary Panorama of Lohdon bt Night , Museum of Sculpture , Conservatories , and Gorgeous Gothic Aviary , &c , brilliantly illuminated ; Swiss Cottage , Mont Blanc , and Mountain Torrent represented by Moonlight . Open from Sevan till a Quarterpast Ten o'Clock .

      A 6 BAND Obchestba Oboist , on which the most ad-¦ nrsd OvrsTOTES , < tc , are played , from Two to Pour and from Bight till Half-past Ten o'Clock . The whole projected and designed by Mr . William BradffeU .

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      DAGUERREOTYPE AND CALOTIPE ' . - npHE APPARATUS , LESS , CHEMICALS , PLATES , X CASES , and every other article used in making and mounting the above can be had '« f J . Egerton , No . 1 , Temple-street , Whitefriars , London . Descriptive Catalogues gratis . LEREBOURS celebrated ACHROMATIC TR 1 PSET LENSES for the MICROSCOPE , sent to any part of the country at the following p rice : —Deep Power , GOs ., Low Power , 25 s . Every article warranted . _ . T » AflTT'C Dni 7 / vivoT » n ivmnirATVPG : , .,

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      THE TtEV . T . WILSON'S CATECHISMS . Just PiUHished , Price 9 d . rriHE CATECHISM OF ENGLISH GRAMMAR . Also , Editions of ( he /( Mowing Catechism , tyflie Bev . T . IPtfcon , fries 9 d . each First Lessons in Natural Philosophy Second Lessons in Natural Philosoph y Third lessons in Natural Philosophy rim Catechism of Common Things Second Catechism of Common Things Third Catechism of Common Things Catechism of Bible History Catechism of English nistory The First Catechism of Geography The Catechism of Music . LONDON : DARTON AND CLARK . HOLBORN HILL

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      FUNERAL ECONOMY ! HHHE CEMKTSRY and GENERAL FUNERAL COM-1 PAST , united with SHILLIBEER'S PATENT FUNERAL CARRIAGES , respectfully invite public atten-} ion to the economic and convenient arrangements for performing every description of Funerals complete , at charges so moderate as to defy competition . and no extras , by which the comfort of bereaved families will Immaterially pro . moted , and expenses limited . City-road , Finsbury , next Bunhill-fields Burial-ground ; 21 , Percy-street , Tottenbam-court-road ; and 136 , Union-street , Southwark . ShilHbeer ' s Patent Funeral Carriage , with two horses , £ 1 Us . 6 d . ; Single Horse , £ 1 Is . A respectable Carriage Funeral , combining every charge ,. £ i 4 s . Hearses and Mourning Coaches . Cathelic Fitting * . Four Horse Funerals . £ 1212 s . ¦

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      REMOVAL . J WATSOX , BOOKSELLER AND PUBLISHER , announces to his FRIENDS , thu ? UBLIC , and the TRADE , that his business will , for the futare , be carried onat No . 3 . QUEEN'S HEAD PASSAGE , PATERNOSTER-ROVT , where all ordtr * and < ommunications must be addressed . , » .. d . Palmer ' s Principles « f Nature , ons vol ., Cloth . 2 0 do . ds . -do . in a wrapper . 1 6 Cooper ' s Holy Scriptures , analyzed . I 8 Scripturian's Creed . By Citizen Danes 0 2 Letter opening at the Post-office , -with soma account « f thu Brothers Sandier * , By J . Mazzuti , 0 4 ShelUy ' s Queen Mab . coinplat * ... ... ... 1 0 Masque of Anarchy 0 8 Central Physiology and Materialism . By . W . C .

      Engledue , M . D 0 4 On the connection between Geology and tho Pentateuch , in a letter to Professor SiUiawan . By Thomas Cooper , M . D . ... 0 I Bight of Free . Discussion . ' By T . Cooper , M . D . 0 S LONDON : : 3 . WATSON , S , QUEEN'S HEAD PASSAGE , PATERXOSTERJROYT .

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      ROYAL MARYLEBOXE THEATRE . LESSEE , MB . JOBS DOUSLA 83 . WONDERF UL SUCCESS of PROFESSOR HEMMING and his two Sons . The sensation caused by viewing the feats of Professor Hemming and Sons , is that of exquisite delight , which calls forth the loudest acclamations . The immense applause bestowed on tho "Minute Gun ' . 'induces the Manager to continue it until further notice . Wonderful mechanical effect of the Sinking Vessel . Tom Tough , Mr . John Douglass . On

      Monday to commence with the " Minute Gun . " Characters by Messrs . Johu Douglass , Neville , Rayner , Harrington , Litkfold , T . Lee , Marchant , and D . Lewis ; Mesdaraes Campbell , Neville , and Robberds . After which , Professor Hemming and his Sons will perform . To conclude , on Monday , with the " Thirteenth Chime ; " and on Friday and Saturday , " Linda ; the Pearl of Savoy . " On Tuesday , a variety of performances , for the benefit of Mr . KevUle , Stage Mauager . On Wednesday , no performance . On Thursd -y , for the benefit of Professor Hemming and Sons . Stage Manager , Mr . Neville . Boxes , 2 s . ; Pit , Is . ; Gallery , Gd .

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      WAR WITH AMERICA . NOW PUBLISHING , in Penny numbers , or Sixpenny Parts , a complete HISTORY OF AMERICA , beautifully illustrated with Plates and Vignette Engravings , from the period of its discovery down to the present tima , detailing the number of distinct communities therein , the different views which actuated its founders , and the extent of territory over which it spreads , by J . Frost , A . M . The style in which this history is written is pleasant , graphic , and perspicuous : the author has evidently quoted the bt&t authorities ; and his narrative possesses all tbecbarms ot aromauce , while it records truthsbeyond all suspicion . We cordially approve , of the work , and wish it the success which it so eminently deserves . — Weekly Dispatch .

      The embellishments consist of engravings , illustrating the most important and striking events in American annals . They are at once numerous and striking . — Horning Advertiser . It is profusely embellished with highly finished anil beautiful engravings , and is just such a work us we can most heartily recommend to our readers . —The Northern Star . London : Willoughby and Co ., Aldersgote-street ; Hey wood , Manchester ; and all the agents of the Star throughout the country .

      Untitled Article

      Air . Duncombe , not anticipating a fair hearing for his clients , pending the great debate , has postponed his motion for their liberation until Tuesday , the 10 th of March , when it will POSITIVELY come on . Thus the country has ten days more to add to the petitions which have already , we rejoice to state , poured in most satisfactorily . Let tke good work go on incessantly , by night and by day , until the victoy is achieved .

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      COMMERCE . THE NEW STAPLE ~ OF THE COUNTRY . CONTROL OF MACHINERY INDISPEXSABLE TO SUBDUE IT TO MAN'S WANTS . A TEN HOURS' BILL-THE FIRST EXPERIMENT . In compliance with our pledge of last week , we now return to the consideration of the most important of ail questions to the labouring classes , and , consequently , to all society ; not only to the English people , but to those of all other nations who traffic

      in English productions . The altered tactics of the Free Traders cannot erase from our memory the earlier principles upon which they argued the question of free trade . " CHEAP BREAD , HIGH WAGES . AND PLENTY TO DO , " were the inducements held out to the working classes to loin the League in their demand for free trade in corn . The working classes very speedily discovered the paradox of high wages and cheap bread , and therefore the tack has been changed to " high wages , consequent upon increased trade . "

      In our letter upon Lord Ashley , s motion in 1844 , we fully analysed this portion of the subject , and showed that foreign countries had each a strong manufacturing interest , who would resist any measure calculated to reduce their profits , and that , therefore , England could not act independently upon the question of free trade . We differ materially from those who would estimate the national wealth by the increase of national exports . We look to Ireland , and we find that in proportion to her

      population she exports more of valuable produce , and imports less , than any other nation in the universe , and therefore her condition is an answer upon this subject . We fully agree in the assertion , that an extensive export of national materials may mark national wealth , if the imports taken in return were equitably divided amongst those whose ingenuity supplied the exports , whether in arsiw state ,. extracted from the quarry or the mine , or in ^ ... manufactured state , finished by the process of machinery .

      As , however , it is impossible under the present arraugements which regulate that monster producer , to come to an fair calcula / ion as to ua / 'qnal profit

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      and low upon calculation of imports and export ^ we demand , in the first instance , a LABOUR READYRECKONER , by which the producer will be able to cast up his share with as great ease as the capitalist who employs him can cast up the profit upon his labour . ; nor , indeed , do we see so much difficulty as in the outset this proposition may appear to present . From the present clumsy mode of making calculations , we can simply arrive at the following result A Manchester manufacturer is now said to be netting a profit of a hnadred thousand pounds per annum mil Inn nnnn / .. L . iI . iIa . a ( i' «««>^ n « J „ . . _ j .

      and if we estimate his hands at 2 , 000 in constant employment , and allow , them the over-average of fifteen shillings a week each , big and little , men , women , and children , we find that he pays annually £ ? 6 , 000 in wages , and receives 4100 , 000 in the shape of profit . This is by no means a peculiar or an isolated case ; many have been known to make much larger profits who employ fewer hands , and pay less wages . However ,. here we have the capitalist realising £ 24 , 000 a year , over and above the whole amount of wages paid . Thus it appears that he might pay 30 s . a week to each person employed , and still have the lion ' s share of £ 24 , 000 per annum .

      We would ask then , whether there is any margin in the export list to denote the fair share of the producer , or any margin in the import list to . denote lm share of the imports ? We may be asked how a Ten Hours' Bill could possibly destroy this evil , or lessen the power of the capitalist ? We answer , easily , by at once relieving the labour market from ' the competition of one in six , who would then bo brought into the more remunerating service of manufacture . Upon the other hand , we will state the case asmost . fair and interesting to . the shopkeeping and middle classes of Manchester . We presume , firafc ,

      that the new staple of the country , commerce , must be subdued to national requirements , and then we show the shopkeepers the peculiar interest which they , above all other classes , have in joining in the establishment of some equalising machinery . We ask . whether . it would be more conducive to the interest of the shopkeepers ; of Manchester that one man should monopolise a hundred thousand pounds as his profit upon business , while those who produced it had only £ 76 , 000 as their share , or that the one

      had £ 24 , 000 profit , and that the 2000 of their customers had £ 152 , 000 to spend with ; thera ? But it does not stop here ; when £ 76 , 000 only is paid in wages , mere is spent in dissipation than if £ 152 , 000 was paid to the same number : for 'instance , the broken-hearted pauper , with casual employment and fifteen shillings a week , will be less thrifty and more dissipated than the man with thirty shillings a week in certain employment and with a prospect of being able to lay by something for sickness , old age , or even speculation . '

      . Again , the higher wage 3 and proper regulation of the labour-market would tend to the reduction , nay , to the annihilation of the pauper-tax . Again , as poverty is tho parent of crime , and as a large police-force and expensive law establishments are upheld forthesuppressionof crime , its banishment from the land , tlirough remunerative wages and regular employment , would relieve theshopkeepersand middle classes from this further tax upon their industry . It is no new doctrine with us , that the shopkeepers , and those who thrive best upon a steady and remunerating labour-market , have , above all other classes , the

      greatest interest in opposing the Malthusian monopolising policy of the League . By this time the country will have learned that Mr . Fieldkn has postponed his motion upon the Ten Hours' Bill for a month . This will give tie country full and ample time for reflection and preparation ; a period which , if wasted , may never again present itself . We have shewn elsewhere the purpose Jto which the intervening time should be devoted , and we earnestly call uptn all—especially those whose trades are

      threatened with competition by Sir Robkmt Peel ' s new policy—to join in an enthusiastic , continuous , and energetic agitation in aid of the measure . No doubt the Home Secretary ' s own words , in his speech on the present debate , will be quoted and usefully used against him . We have not seen those words turned to their legitimate account by any portion of the press , or any portion of the thinking public- ^ -we have treasured them , however , as well as a memorial to Chartist fame as in justification of any agitation , however violent , in support of the measure . '

      When a represented or influential class demands a new law , or a change in the old law , it is followed by an immediate obedience to their will . The League have demanded free trade in corn as a means of extending their commerce with the world ; and as far as the voice of the Commons can go , it will be registered in their favour , even at the expense of individual apostacy and ministerial inconsistency . The Home Secretary is compelled to run the gauntlet , to skip through the labyrinth of change , in support of this national requirement ; and he gives it his

      support even in opposition tolas previously registered opinions . Upon the subject of the Ten Hours' Bill , however , he has not SO much to retract , and herein consists perhaps tho difficulty—for our public men now-a-days would establish character upon faithlessness , and keep pace with progress by rap id strides of inconsistency . However , to the opinions of tho Home Secretary . Taat functionary , not being able to discharge his mind of those substantial g hosts which stood behind the veil of temporary relief , saw regulation of the hours of labour standing prominently in the group of hobgoblins , and he said— " ALTHOUGH

      PARLIAMENT CANNOT INTERFERE IN THIS QUESTION OF REGULATION , THERE IS NO QUESTION OF MORE IMPORTANCE , OR NONE THAT HE WOULD MORE GLADLY SEE AMICABLY ADJUSTED BETWEEN MASTERS AND THEIR MEN . " Now , we would ask if words could pass a more severe and cutting consuro upon our present representative system , and especially upon tho present government ? What do they amount to ? . " The settlement of the question is a necessary adjunct to the great measures that we arc now . debating—it 'is indispensable to the interest of the working classes , and even to the peace of society . We see its importance , it inspires us with anxiety ; but we arc not here

      to represent labour—we are here to protect capitalwe hold office to do the bidding of faction— we dare not interfere on behalf of those who have NOT sent us , and from whom we hold no commission , " The words were soft , and bland , and glib , but , nevertheless , through the veil of sophistry the cloven-foot of faction was seen . We , therefore , tell the people of England that they must force , coerce , compel , Sir James Gbaham to do by law that which he says the necessity of the case demands . It will not do for tllO skinflint Malihusians , for the Roebucks , tho Humes and the Bmonis , to talk of the injustice and the impolicy of interfering with the labour market , while they have abolished every right that the labourer possessed .

      We travel through England , and in tho midst of her boasted greatness , we see poverty unequalled in any other part ot the world . In tho metropolis we seethe elevated ground , the healthy situation , the sewered , well-lighted streets , with their princely mansions for the commercial speculating wealthy , and we see the producers of that wealth hemmed in the back slums , the cellars , and " unhealthy stews . It is worse in the manufacturing towns , where the princely villa stands as a mockery to look down upon the loathsome cellar , where its victim preserves a miserable existence for another hour of misery . We travel through the country , and there we see ilie

      princely mansion , like a leech , sucking all around it ! We make a parochial tour , and we find the gorged shepherd wearing the fleece and consuming tho fruits that belong to the Hock . The mind of thinking man ii outraged by the disparity of woalth , and the dissatisfied are pointed to bur glorious institutions—to the terror we create abroad—to the lustre of our arms ' n India—to the dominion of our Sag—and the terror of our arms . We say look at , home—look at the operative's face ; look , if you dare , into the squalid hovel ; a ee his uneducated family , his stunted * & , « ... -HIS MAN-WIFE . We . go

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      to "Belgium , - — and thenr-: we ' soa "" a "" simple ' constitution , - with a : King : elected . to"jobey its provisions . We hear of a ' ; , deficient harvest , but no threat of famine ; and why ! Because we cannot see the district leech , the large land monopolist , the gormandising shepherd , the disparity that mocks high heaven between the rich and the poor ; neither do we hear of , her foreign dominion , or . her glorious institutions established for class protection . Lis Braves Belgis—tho Napoleon' mockery—nay be borne with equanimity by a contented people , who " , will be more reconciled to the ignominy than the English slave to foreign confession of his country's commanding position . ; We journey on through despotic « . » u . / not (» iiiin-- " -ittiH-Hin « n- l- » . "f .. ««<» 5 " * aimnlfi'

      France , and there wo see a rural peasantry contented in the posseesion of the soil , We climb the almost inaccessible mountain-passes of Switzerland , and there , where the Almighty seems to have tested man ' s ingenuity to live , we see no want and no discontent , because there is comparatively no disparity . We gently ' tread upon the Italian states of the Austrian despot , and prepare our eyes for that misery which will , make the blackest of England ' s labourpictures look beautiful by contrast . True , we see groat mental coercion , but nothing worse than our law of constructive sedition . True , we behold the disgusting niilitary surveillance , but then , in the midst of mental coercion , we see nothing comparable to the physical ( inferiority of the English working

      classes . . If it is true that A MAN'S MIND IS HIS KINGDOM ; the Italian " slave possesses a more independent kingdom than the FREE-BORN Englishman . If we wrote for months upon the subject , we eould not better conclude than in the wordaof the Yorkshire prophet , — "All the stuff ' e the wurld wor made for all ' e folk in ' e wurld , and the people han't their share of it : " and the first step towards the accomplishment of . that great desideratum is : . A TEN HOURS' BILL .

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      PARLIAMENTARY REVIEW . ? The , introduction of a new Coercion Bill for Ireland into the House of Lords , by Earl St . Germans , whowasrecently , under thetitleof Lord Eliot , Chief Secretary for that country ; a short ^ airing given to ths Game Law question , by a bill of Lord DaCRH ' b , in the » ame house ; and the debate on the Amended Friendly Societies' Bill , ( brought . on by Mr ; Duncombk , in the Commons ; constitute , at the time we write , the only Parliamentary novelties of the week —the only relief , to the great monster debate , which / has now for three weeks absorbed tho attention of the house and the country .

      In justification of the first meaiure , Lord St . Germans brought forward a ponderous mass' of statistical documents to show the immense increase of . attacks upon life and property in various parts of Ireland ,: and th « impossibility of putting these outrages down without calling into action extraordinary powers . We can here only notice the' general provisions by which the government propose to effect this object . These are as follow : —The granting of a power to the Lord Lieutenant to proclaim a district where murders or attempts to murder have been committed , and to appoint an additional force within such district , to be maintained by a tax upon the

      inhabitants—a further power to the Lord Lieutenant to warn all persons in proclaimed districts to remain in their houses from sunset to sunrise—a , prohibition against assembling in public llOU 9 es in the night tim » , and against the possession of fire arms without authority ; and , lastly , a punishment for the injury or intimidation of jurors , witnesses , or prosecutors , in any case of offences arising within the proclaimed districts . These additional powers are to be wielded by the existing constituted authorities ; the trials are to be in the old form by juries ; and so far tho Conservative Coercion Bill contrasts favourabl y with tho savage one of their predecessors , the Whi » s .

      The tone of Lord St . Germans , ™ proposing the measure , was carefully studied to procure unanimity in the house , and it succeeded in doing so . He avoided , with considerable dexterity , the points upon which a discussion " might have been raised ; and , after alluding to the sum of nearly half a million already voted this session for the promotion ot public works iu Ireland , and the nine millions sanctioned last session for making railways , ho very adroitly put the measure , on . the ground of its necessity as a protec tion to the poor man . The landlord had the power of removing from the scenes of violence he had da .

      scribed-the capitalist could keep aloof and chooge more secure fields of-investment , but the poor man ; to whose daily existence employment , and conse quently the expenditure of the capital thus withheld , was absolutely necessary , could not fly from the fatal spot . The primary step towards tho pacification of Ireland the indispensable preliminary to the outlay of capital , and tue employment . of labour , was to give security to the one-and protection for the life of tho other . It was with that view , and that only , that the bill was proposed . It forms no part of our duty in this place to examine , how far these statements and representations are correct , or to what extent enlarged and icoercivo powers ou » ht to be

      lodged in the hands of the Irish Executive . We will only say , generally , that . we ' believe a frank straightforward course of action , for the . purposeof giving employment and food to the Irish people , and placing them in a position to avoid , by their own exertions , the recurrence of such a calamity as that which now afflicts , them , would not only be the speediest , but the most effectual way of quelling the natural discontent and turbulence , generated by oppression and misery . Force has for centuries , with very trivial exceptions , constituted the basis of all legislation for Ireland . Would it not be well , juat by way of change , to try the effect of ; JinmcE—nay more , of kindness ?

      The second episode of tile week , tho Game Bill of Lord Dacrk , was noticeable , not on account of any intrinsic merit in the bill itself—for of that it is as destitute as any specimen of hereditary legislation could be wished or expected to be-but iecause it incidentally illustrates the tremendous force -which public opinion exerts upon every species of social or political abuse at the present time . There is not a more fruitful oause of prevention to agricultural improvement , of loss to tho farmer , and of

      demoralisation to the rural labourers , than these » ame Game Laws . The preserves required for rearing and sheltering the vermin , not only cumber the ground , but obstruct everything like scientific or systematic farming ; the ravages committed by them alike on the crops of the farmer and the allotment patch of tho labourer , constitute a serious pecuniary grievance ; and the temptations held out t « poaching—the San « Ruinarr affray * betite « n the poachers and the gamekeepers—the downward courso of the former , afUr being once lodged at the county gaol , and initiated

      into the mysteries of a gaol life—his character gono —his person marked—make up a total which constitutes a standing nuisance , and ought to be immediately destroyed . The bill of Lord Dache will do do no such thing ; it aims at perpetuating this great abuse , and to prevent poaching at tke same tinio , by means which arc as clumsy , inadequate , and ridiculous as can well bo imagined . Even the Duke of Richmond and Lord Asiidurton , though differing from each other in the mode they adopt , or the object in view , have better ideas on the subject than this liberal lord . The ono says he has long sanctioned the destruction of all the hares and rabbits on h i * estates in mere vermin ; the other proposes t » take hares out of the game list altogether , as rabbits

      now are . The amendment proposed by the able champion of the working classes in Parliament , upon the existing law affecting Friendly Societies , is of * most important nature to these classes . Letonrroadere carefully mark tho observations of tho Home Secrotay on the subject , especially those we have marked in italics , and those of succeeding speakers emphasised in a similar way , and they will speedily d ' wcovw whero tho shoe pinches . The Home Secretary , like many other class legislators , is , we dare say , sorry that such a rceasure as the Friendly Societies Act was ever passed , aud , could it ba clone , would gkdly

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      see-it-npBaledr-Indeedr we-haTe 'often ' wondered how'Ian Act , sp . fovourabla to the , unrepresented working olassM evw did reoeivi legislative sanction . ' ItBUnds inita pride alonV , " a species of phdnix amoni Parliamentar y Acts , of which we may say , ' in th « words of Btbonj ¦ "One won < i » r » how tho devil It got there . " It is very likely that its originators , did not themselves see all th « tendencies of their own measure , or wero not aware of the uses to which it could ba put ; by the sharp-witted , thinking , industrious Sfn""it ' Tini » nl « H - » T «/ ln /» J" .. * . _ - ! ... * ,., _ ... ¦_ % .

      cla » se » . It must hare amaied them to find that they had unwittingly , in defiance of tho whole geniuB and interest of class legislation , given to the son * of labour , left-handed , and indirect , though it be an opportunity of improving their social condition ,. < rf protecting themselves against the aggressions of capital , and of associating for the promotion of the rights and intereita of their class . It is evident , from the tone of Sir J . Graham ' s remarks , that he is disposed to say "Thus farshalt thou come , but no farther ;" but the time has gone by for such a decree . Trades '

      unions and political associations are not only legalised in public opinion , but ara so also virtually , by the uat which has been made of the existing law . They cannot how bo attacked ) except by means which would apply to all other , kinds of property , and public bodies . The working classes have , by . a side door , crept within the pale of the constitution . Let them keep their vantage ground , and gallantly support thoir leader . . ' As to the often-adjourned . debate on the Corn Laws , wo have little fresh to remark . Since our last commentary upon it only two speeches of any novelty" have been delivered . Wemean thoseofMr

      D Israeli and Mr . Feriund . The former showed his usual ability in a new style of oratory ; for the vituperative he substituted the argumentative . Instead of making one of those brilliant assaults upon tlio Premier , for which he is famed , he mainly confined himself to the business part of the subject , and handled statistics on the commercial , financial , ' and locial aipects of the question , with very considerable power and dexterity . He met the question ; not upon tho ground of this or thatmember ' s inconsistency , but

      upon its own merits , and endeavoured to show that the system of protection wm not the odious thing iU opponents assumed it to be . In reply to the vauntet prosperity of the Premier , which had followed each aueeessive relaxation of the protective system , he said that Sir Robert had proved the case of the Protectionists—he had proved that tho country was flourishing , because we had given it a just , judicious , and a moderate protection . But the fact of the country prospering under such a modified protection formed no argument for' its entire abolition .

      Ho next turned to the case of the League against Protection . Protection said that body aimed at two objects—to feed the people , and employ them . It did neither . In lupport of the contrary opinion , Mr . D'Israsli entered into an elaborate , but spirited examination . of the past and present state of this oountry as compared with others . In the conclusion of his speech he hit the right nail on the head ; and more truly apprehended the great question at issue than any speaker who had preceded him .

      I know , said he , and it is from the highest authority in ths raatt « r , that this movement is not alone a thing of Corn Lawa 'it ii the transference of power from one class to another . ( Cheers . ) I know that U U a transference from the class who are the present possessors toanother , not less distinguished for intelligence and wealth—to th * jreat manufacturers of England . My conscience assures aiethat lam not one of those who have been slow in doing justice to the intelligence of that class , and most assuredly I am not one who envies their wide and delerved prosperity . But I can best fulfil my duty , in this » geof political revolution * , when . systwn after Bystem is falling around us , when : we know and are told that we are

      to be rescued from the alleged power of one class only to sink under the avowed dominion of another — ( oheers )— I , for . one , if this is to be the end of all our struggle—if this , is to he th « great result of this enlightened era , — solemnly protest " against the igno . mihious catastrophe .. ( Cheer * . ) I believe that the monarchy of England , its Sovereign , with an influence mitigated by the constitutional authority of the estates of the realm , has still a root in the hsarts of Englishmen , and it itill capable of securing happiness to the people tnd power to the State . ( Cheers . ) , But if it be true that it la for these changes we have progresied , I , for one , anxious as lam to continue our present authorityread

      , y to make as mauy sacrifices as can . any man for that objsot , hope , if we are sure to have , and must have , a change , that the foundations will be deep , and that ths scheme will be comprehensive , and , in the end , instead of felling under such a thraldom , a thraldom of capital—( cheers ) , —a thraldom of those who make a boast of their intelligence , and who are proud of th « ir wealth , I say , for one , that if wa must bend to a new course of things ,. I will strive to maintain the ancient throne and moral monarch y of England ; and sooner than we should so fall , I would prefer to find those invlgbrating energies we 9 hould lose in an educated and enfranchised people . ( Loud cheers . )

      Mr . Jbrrato ' s speech was of a different cast , but notlesn telling in its own dashing , straightforward style . In . accordance with his usual tactics , instead of defending . his own side , he carried the war into the enemies , camp . His dissection of the speeches delivered by several ministerial members to their constituents , and in the house , before Peel changed , and the contrast drawn between them and their present opinions , was one of the richest things ever done in the house ; and the style In which he charged the League , exposed the working of the factory system , and the hollowness of the expectations based upon Corn Law repeal , while machinery was unregulated and competition unrestricted , was of the true Firrujd

      stamp . The fact of his keeping a large house together for upwards of two hours , is perhaps the best proof that can be offered of the vigorous nature of his address . At the moment of printing this the debate is still going on , but from what fell from Mr . Miles , the leader of the Protectionists , on Tuesday night , we confidently anticipate being able to give the conclusion and division on Saturday morning .

      Co £Eam*£ # €Om£Tooittant&

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      Untitled Article

      The Mukderous Miscreant Johnstone , of the " Toby " —We have received the following from a valued friend , and although it came to us in the shape of a private ' friendly , letter , its sound sense warrants us takingthe liberty of making public use of it . With every word written by our friend we cordially concur : — " I knew that a jury found Robert Mason guilty , and that a judge sentenced him to be transported beyond the seas during tho term of his natural life . I knew that another jury found Henry Cooke guilty , and that another judge sentenced him to be hanged , which savage sentence—savage in this case—was carried into effect . I knew that , more recently , another jury found Mary Furley guilty , and that another judgo sentenced her to be hanged , like poor Cooke . I knew these facts

      but I did not think England contained twelve men , who , after hearing tho evidence given by the crew of the Tory , " would let the monster Johnstoneeacape upon the plea of insanity . Good God Almighty ! to think of urian Suerjr—an innocent man—hanged , and this monster Jet alive ! Not ono wt insano was heanymoro thnn Herod was when he slew the innocent!—or than Noro und Caligula , and Domitian were , when they butchered thousands—ortban Napoleon was when in cold blood , he slaughtered his Mameluke prisoners ' on the Egyptian sands—or than Nicholas , the woman whlpper , is at the present moment . What ! and shall we knock on the head a faithful and trusty dog after he turns mad , and yet permit this brute to lire ? Are we to be taxed to feed , and clothe , and tend this monster —• and is it . to bo borne—patiently borne 1 And the

      names of the jurors ! are they to be forgotten ? Will you , gentlemen of the press , not print them , just as you do the names of the Poterloo butchers ! It is right that their names should be known , in order that . they may be hooted whenever and wherever they show their ugly faces . I'll warrant they were a set of soulless wretches , non-resistanc * and passive-obedience-mongers , who ¦ would gabble " an hour by Shrewsbury clock" about all war being wrong , and abolition of punishment by death , and so forth . Oh ! how I hate this slabbering cant , and how I despise those mental eunuchs , whose

      doctrines , if earned into effect , would quavtot whole hordoi of monsters , like Jolmstone , on the public . No ! no ! let us be just—let us be mercifu l—but let us not encourage the wholesale murderer , by telling him tint imprisonment for life will be the heavleat puninhment he will have to suffer . One ' s blood runs cold to think of the brute ordering a rope to b . noosed round the loins of the poor half-killed seaman . Are not ! pound of strong hemp and ' ¦ the stout cross-beam" IS proper tlnugs for such monsters 1 "—J V K ssss ^ s ^ rtiK-

      Untitled Article

      ro : ¦ THE ^ lET-rtrtRH ' Or THE SlXTMirp ABiSHE 8 COK . " wising the Chobitoh % pK . —Ladies and Gentlemen , —We , th » paupers , ^ working ' oii Trafford Moss and domiciled in the Chorlton Union Workhouse ' take the liberty of humbly soliciting the commisera ' tion of th * feeling and humane , and particularl y of , t ' ha ministers of religion , resident ia the said union . We beg leaTe to state , that we are compelled to go three miles to our labour every morning , and to . return the tame distance to the Workhouse in the evening ; and for which we are only allowed three pauper meals per day , which are , ofcourse , very scanty ; and on many « ccanons the quality oftnefoodhag beell ) and . stilli 9 , of a very mferiw description , and the whole cost of tho three repa 8 ts j , verliMle { tf } morethan three . _ . ..- , ^^ ' " ^ ' '

      , pence for a whole day ' , allowance . We , therefore , feel ourselves oompeUri . ndnetantl y , but respectfully to make thu _ honest appeal to the philanthropic and humane , 8 oi , citing them to make inquiry amongst ourselves ( as well » B amongst those resident in the vicinity of Trafford Moss ) as to this our statement when they will learn the full truth as to the unfortunate situation in which we are placed ; and we » olemnl y declare that we have not a sufficiency of solid nutritious food allowed adequate to sustain us under the various kinds of labour which are exacted from us . Moreover , we have further to state , that a portion of us are either far advanced in years , crippled ,

      or labounng . under some bodil y or mental in 6 rmity , and a part of our quota has already been laid up sii some time in the workhouse . We are , therefore , era , DOldened to lay before you a truo statement of our case , confidentl y hoping that you will remonstrate in such a manner , in the proper quarter , as to bring about an alteration in our present situation , and an alleviatioa of the unmerited miseries heaped upon us , only for the crime of being poor ! —The Paupers Wobkins ox Tbaifoed Moss . —[ One of the delightful occupations of these unfortunate creatures , in sowing . time , is draw , ing ploughs and harrows , after the manner of horses and oxen . This is too true and needs no comment , — Couies Provident ]

      MB , SHAW ANB SEIUlilCT RjdLM In eomplim « 0 Uo Vr . Shuw himself , wb must really decline publishing hi » very aensible , but by no means requisite , answer t « S « r . jeant Ridley . The propriety of Mr . Shaw ' s election for the metropolitam district to the recent Convention was perfectly figlit and proper , aud was further justlned by his conduct as a tlelsgate to that Contention . We would , therefore , vtry respectfully invite him to stand at ease , and not to ree « ir « the word of command from Serjeant Ridley . The Lahcashibi CotUBBi . — We give the following very semibU letUr just as it came to hand , assuring-• ur correspondent that it requires no correction what-• ter , while we cannot allow it to i . ass without com . mtnt : — " Respected Sir , —A very extensive strike of

      the colliers of th « Bury , Bui ton , » nd numerous other districts in tllil part of th » country , has taken place and as it is iot generally known , w « wish It to be published in your extensively circulated paper , that those who may be applied to by the masters to come and fill their place * , by offering increased wages , and deceiving them by saying the colliers of this place are not turned out , mayharean opportunity of knowing thereal cause of dispute . It is a well-knownfact , thnt th » ma » ter « hata been m the habit of getting more coals to the surface than there was demand for ; their object for this , is veiy clear , to every one , Men to the disinterested . Tha collwrs , therefore , proposed to limit their time of labour one half . The masters foreseeiig the cense . qu « nees of this proposition , ( referred , rather than

      submit to it , that they should work none . And a general ejectment from their houses of all those that lived un . der thtm , was immediatel y put in force to tho number f forty fimilies , tke majority of them having been , born in th » houses they hare been forced from . The unprincipled tyrants have been seouring the country for iereral w «» ks , and have succeeded in getting sere , ral coach . loads of knobsticks ; seven imdivid » als » f the number brought were from Bradford , aid beiBg ign » . rant of the matter , having searchtdth * Star for infc * . mation . andnoneto be found , they w « e induced to com * , but went back again the next morning . Hoping that you will correct and insert these few linos , with a little of your ow » comment on the matter , as many of th « colliers are giving up the Star in consequence of

      this strike not appearing in it ; and I firmly briiere , that a line before this , has never been sent for inser . tion . There are sows who think that the Star should be acquainted with , and publish every thing , whether they send word or not . —I remain , yours divotedly , . Radcliffe Bridgt , Feb . 22 . P . S . We have five shillings for the Executive ; willpost-stamps doinsteadofa postoffice order V [ It h quite true that there are many who think that the Starsh » uld be acquainted with , andjshould publish every thing , whether they send word or not . It is also quite true , that we hav « solicited the lecturers and leaders of the colliers to furnish us with the necessary intelligence for the guidance of their party , ana it is equally true that not one line has ever ctme to our ofHee in connection with the movement of

      the colhers , that has not be « n published . We have devoted more attention to this section of labour than to any other . When they were » n strike in Northumberland and Durham , we allowed them the privilege of running in our debt , and our agents took a very mean advantage of the parmissioi , by remaining so . The colliers—that is , the leaders of the colliers—have pro . fessed to attach more importance to a finger ' s length in any other paper , than to columns in the Star , We can scarcely hope to be exempt from the censure of men , wh » , having proroked a premature strike mNosthumberland and Durham , then turned round upon the men who had given them strength as a party , and gaiued triumphs that were almost incredible , to cover their own folly . We have pursued a very norel course with regard to the colliers—we have extracted every

      passage from the Sim , the Dispatch , and other papers that spoke favourably of them , and our thanks now are that we hare neglected them . Howertr , w « tell the WORKING COLLIERS , thatao neglect of their lecturers shall erer driTe us from the advtcacy of thiir righteous cause , and that when the world frowns upon them , they may always calculate upon our sympathy , our countenance , and our support . We thank our friend for his kind letter , anil only suppress . his name , lest tlis tyrants should turn him also out of the house where he was born . No doubt these tender-hearted masters are all free traders . We trust , howertr , that very trade throughout the kingdom , as well us " the Associated Trade * of England , " willnstain theiolliors of B » lton and Bury iu their endeavour to carry out the principle « f restriction—tti » one of all others ' mosfc needed by the working classes ;

      IUlf . a-Duzbm op Four . Acbb Men , MAHetttSTBR . — -Next week w « shall hare much pleasure in answering their qu « stio » Jully , as t » the mode of procuring light , as well as the number of shareholders . J . S . Uelviu , Kirkaidi . —Thr » epence a-weok is the subscription to the Anti-Militia Fund ; Mr . Peargus O'Connor ii treasurer . The individual subscription may be stnt in postage stamps , addressed , "Feargua O'Connor , Esq ., 16 , Great Windmill-street , Ilaymarket , London . " H . Page , Siiobmikk . —We hepe to be able to forward him a copy next week .

      Benjamin Fox , —Thcelder brother of deceased can claim th « property . P » r early turnips orearrots ia a garden , the best way is to sow them in beds , thinning them , if too thick when they come up . The earth should not be kept to the r » ots , as they grow from top roots , and not like potatoes , " frost or . snow comes , they should be covered with straw at night .- . .. William FmmvAi .-If a shareholder who has taken out a two-acre share , wishes to alter ic to a three , acr . share , he will have to pay £ 1 Cs . more , and he l 'a »™ -tificatefor three acresto

      *^ J ^ . , a house that will tost £ 45 , and to £ 2210 s . capital ' Sesjeant Ridlbt ahd T . Miles , MANcnESTEB—Tho same answer as to Mr . Shaw j we really cannot inter . U » > v « k any of Mr . Ridley ' s other appointments , as we believe him to hav » discharged his duty as secretary to the United Patriots' Association with great energy and honesty , ^' e omitted U ebserre , that in Mr . Mr . Shaw ' s letter he states that Serjeant Ridley is working heaven and earth to create dissension betwstn Mr . O'Connor and Mr . Coopw . As to that , we must leave the matter entirely with Mr . Cooper , as Mr . O'Connor knows nothing of it .

      Edward Todd , Cannt Hill . — He is entitled to a portrait jf Mr . O'Hi ggins , and shall receiveit as , soon as itis oat . As to Paine ' s works , Mr . O'Connor must refer E . T . to the Executive , as he is ignorant upon the question Upon wluoh he seeks information . Qimnu CoRMspoNDIMCE .-We really receive so many letters of tour , fire , anu six pages upon MUitia ^ Land aubjects , with stamps enclosed , as if for reply br letter , that we ar « not able to read them . We havi again to request o « r friends t « be brief , as otherwisa their questions must remain unanswered . H . Haous , Kentish Town—Three miles from the Post Ofcce is the limit within which newspapers are charged

      Vmmah Patbiots' and Exiws- Widows' a » d Ch « JTfr TV * ' » cta «*> dge the reccip " of » S . trom Mr . Overtoil ( being 7 s . from Cheltenham and 5 s . flO mSuuderland , sent to Mr . Wheeler ) JwS from Mr Edward Mitchell , of Rochdale al . ' of £ 1 S ^ sssst- ' asr M ^^ -WftE « et Out ne may make arrangements for holdinr

      these-ESn T - —» -=-= ml \ / 3 tenUr ° office ' they «• « wt think it ? nd . n . T " J J *» ° *«> " * ° » tur * . Cot ™ a th " would blud « " >* sucwssors-THOMA ^ T « o Th v retary 1 M B 1 ** frittr ' s . road . Two . —The lines are inadmissible . Catmne . —A . iottcP } s now , ying at Um officfl of ^ j , paper , addressed to Mr . or Mrs . Hugh Campbell , 340 , otrand . The person of that naroe has removed from

      the placo the letter is addressed to , but whore sone t » is not kuown . The letter , which is supposed to bo from Catrine or Manchliue ( Ayrshire ) , will be kept at this office for a few days , at the expiration of which , if not claimed , it will bo returned to tho Post-onice . T , A .. C—Send tue advertisement ; wliou issued , also par . ticulars , —T . JI . Wuebleb ,

      Untitled Article

      WISE SAWS AND MODERN INSTANCES . ( TwoVols , 15 s . ) "A series of Crabbe-like sketches , in prose . They are manifest portraits , and admonish us of the author ' s skill in taking the literal likeness . "—Athemzum . " "We have read some of these stories with deep interest , and few , we are persuaded , will rise from their perusal hut with feelings all the warmer for what they have read . Tbej can scarcely fail to be popular with 'the masses ; ' s&i , upon the whole , we think they deserve tobeso . "—Atlas . "The author excuses the sternness of his pictures hy alleging their truth . The justification is all-sufficient . Chartist as these sketches are , they are healthier , in t-ne aad sentiment , than the tawdry fictions vamped up for the reading public by some popular writers , that profess to exhibit the life of the labouring classes . "— The Britannia .

      " Of a truth , this Chartist agriation has thrown to the surface n 9 morersmarkahle a man than Thoxab Cooper , and tve much question if there be any onese fitted to represent the manufacturing masses , to describe their wants , and expound their wishes , as he . —Kentish Independent . " Well written and interesting . The stories contain some tree and painful pictures of the miserable condition of many of the poorest operatives , while others of them are of a humorous description . They cannot fail to be popular with the thinking aud reading portion of the working classes . "—Leicester Chronicle . "Many of the stories exhibit considerable vigour of pencil , shrewd sense , aud clear-sighted observation , accompanied with a kindly , genial feeling and toleration , we were not prepared for from so determined a politician . "—Glasgow Citizen .

      Untitled Article

      Also , just published , THE BAROiYS YULE FEAST . A Christmas Rhyme . In Four Cantos . ( One Vol ., 5 s . ) r < There is a rough earnestness , both in its thoughts aad verse , which is strictly in accordance with the genius of our ballad minstrelsy . If it does not show , in point of ability , an advance on the author ' s previous productions , it yet shows that he cat chaage his hand without loss of power . "—The Britannia . " Mr . Cooper appears to much greater advantage in this seasonable poem than he did in his more ambitions attempt of " The Purgatory of Suicides . " " The Baron ' s Yule Feast" has a genial spirit , various subjects , and a popular animated style . ' The poem is the best of Mr . Cooper ' s productions . " —Spectator .

      11 The most charming and fantastic feature in this little volume , with its right dainty title-page , is the exuberance , and , sooth to say , the appositeness of the different songs chaunted round the ingle in Torksey Hall . Thomas Cooper ' s heart seems brimming over with this spontaneous poetry . The book altogether is an original : it is just suited for the waiter ' s fireside , over a posset andcuriis . " —Sun . "Let Cooper throw away hw Chartist notions—and what has a poet to do with rude questions of politico , ot ' Charters , and political faiths , creeds , and the like ?—and he may take his place high up in the Temple of Fame , as one of England ' s greatest and truest-hearted poets . The man who can write such exquisitegems as thislittle volume abounds with , may , and he will , carve out for himself a name as enduring as the language in wrtrich he pen * the ' thoughts that breathe , and words that burn . ' Altogether this is the best Christmas hook we have yet seen . "— ' Leicester ( Tory ) Journal .

      " We are happy to meet Mr . Cooper in this light department of poetical labour , and to find that his muse can for a while lay aside her sternness , and , ceasing to brood o ' er human Wrongs , CM yield to the impulses of the season , and sympathise with the kindlier emotions of social festivity . The poem before us proves how much the earlier efforts of the author were imbued with true poetic feeling . The notes exhibit a learning that is surprising when the writer ' s history is tab n into account . And yet this selfacquired leaniinj is but one of the many singular features that characterise the productions of this singularly gifted man , apeet of Nature ' s own making , whose extraordinary genius cannot fail , ere long , to exhibit still higher manifestations of its powers and versatility . " —Kentish Independent .

      "A clever fdlnw is our Thomas , the Chartist , full of rough common sense , and as much imagination as could possibly find room in a head so crammed with the hard knotty prosaims of politics . On the present occasion he has essayed , in Ids own peculiar way , a metrical story , which , although at times uncouth enough , is written with a heartiness that forms a pleasant relief to the namby-pamby rhymes of most of our poetasters who have sung of the moon and stars above , and the straams with the flowers below , till ordinary folks are sick and tired of hwrlnj ; of ttiero . -Wehavenotforalonstune met with a wlnme of poetry that we coula read throngn with half as much pleasure . " -C ! i ! trt < m '< IXemrg Register . of the

      " Not havin- ' seen the' Prison lthyme , ' nor any poetic effusion " ofMr . Cooper , we cer tainly were not prepared to find from hispen poetry of so high an order as S , e volume before us contains . The i . uthot ¦ * The Wiss Saws' has written a Chrismas Bhyme , which bids fau-to ^ Tmpete successfully with the best productions of Bjron o ^ Shelley . and which , without any great exaggeratio £ mightbe comparedto the Wtharto unequaUed verses of John Milton . It is remarkable that every thought „ clothed in poetic diction-almos tevery-tan , taken apart , presents a poetieimage of surpassing beauty . " - ©^™ ^ iSbn-sb *! by Jeremiah How , 209 , Piccadilly .

      The Land.

      THE LAND .

      we have to thank our numerous friends from Merthyr Ty < Ml , Staffordshire , Sussex , and elsewhere , for their notices of estates to be sold . Wo would thank some of our Doncaster friends to send us farther intelligence relative to the 221 acres to be sold in that neighbourhood , now in the possession of Mr . Wagstaff ; we communicated with the solicitors at Bawtry , to whom reference was given , but have not received their answer . Wo would thank every one who hears of an estate to be sold to send us word .

      Frost, Williams, And Jones.

      FROST , WILLIAMS , AND JONES .

      The Northern Stah. Saturday, February 28,1846.

      THE NORTHERN STAH . SATURDAY , FEBRUARY 28 , 1846 .

      Untitled Article

      * ^^ T H E N O R T H Ejt N .. S T A R . Febbuaby 28 , 184 6 , ' :

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Feb. 28, 1846, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1356/page/4/