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Northern Star (1837-1852), 4th May 1844, Edition 1 of 1, Page 6, Untitled Article

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    • ({ €%t Csnfcftiou of ^nslahti i&ucstion" " la-ra grind the poor, and rich men role the law."
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      ({ €%T Csnfcftiou Of ^Nslahti I&Ucstion" " La-Ra Grind The Poor, And Rich Men Role The Law."

      ({ €% Csnfcftiou of ^ nslahti i&ucstion " " la-ra grind the poor , and rich men role the law . "

      Untitled Article

      atosE sHtax-HASrsG xtsert . —the crimes of TBE B 1 CH . THS TTB 05 GS OP THE POOB . " Work , work , work , TUl the weary eye jjrows dim ; And work , "work , -work , Tin th * braia besina to spin . Its O to be » slave - Along "with the heBthan Turk , Whew womsn liave no souls to save lit ibis be Christian -we rk 1 " Mr . Baker , the eoroner , held an inquiry at the Tivc Bells Tavern , Three Colt-Etreet , Limehouse , respitingihe dsaih of Sophia Anderson , aged 30 , ¦ who destroyed herself through ihe extreme effects of 4 es * Jtn £ ion and vrant .

      Ann Monk , » mo 3 t distressed-looking « bject , tl&ted that she . was a -widow , and leaded in the back room of a house , No . 2 , "Vincent-street , Conunercialroad . forwhieh she paid Is Sd a-week rent . The deceased came to lodge -with hex about a month sine * - , being destitute , and was to pay one shilling a-TTeek for lodging . She generally supported" her-Belf by selling portions of her wearing apparerfor pennies . or tvropsnees at a time . For the last fortnight , iiovFSTer , she wandered about the Btieets almost starring , and on Thursday evening went out , saymg that she wonld see and borrow one shilling bo as to pay the rent which was due on the following iay , Fr iday , as she was afraid that the landlord would turn them out of doers . She said Bhe wonld get it from her Irosbandj and at dusk left , a 3 if for thai purpose , but did not return during the whole night , and witce £ 3 heard nothing of her till elerfcn o ' clock on Friday morning , when she "was informed that the deceased had been found irewned .

      Coroner—Pray , my good woman , now do you obtain your livelihood ! T > o yon lire wiih asy ofyour friends ! Witness —( with tears in her eyes > -I hare no fs silly , Sir ; I live by myself and make Ehirts , and am » 35 t sinking . liie Foreman—( Mr . TnsoiO— 'What do you get generally for making these shirts—what aTeyon allowed ! Wifnesss—I mske them , Sir , for five farthing ? a-piece ; but when I hare to make them up for the first-rate show shop 3 in the streets , 1 am allowed from 2 d . to 3 d . each . T » e "F oreman—And pray what can you make a week at this work ? Wimess—Why ^ Sir , I can * with the cheap ones , obtain about 2 s . 6 d . ; -but with the besi work about 3 s . 6 d—( sensation )

      Juror—Yes , icy good woman ; bnt for the latter sum you must work very hard , must you not ! Wirne =- —I must indeed . Sir , because that i 3 . what they e * 15 iheir best work . Perhaps I get up between four and Sts o ' clock in the morning , and continue to work till betwaec dexen a ^ d twelre o ' clock at night , and son- -fines till ons . Tha Coroner observed that he knew well the exirem-2 ' miseries whica the pw > r shirt-makers in that par * of the metropolis had undergone , and he was in hopes that by the late exposures of the cruel system their condition would liave been somewhat betrered . It was a subject tha * had ocenpied much of iLe pnblio mind , and he still did trust thai socihing would be done to relieve their heartlescmg distresses .

      1 ; ie Gorcner ( to the witness > -How did "the decea ^ -d get her food—could you ' give her any ! Witness —; What I could spare I used to grre her , and would have done so to the Isst mersel , sooner than Ehe ^ hoald hav < : committed such an act ! but she so often said she would destroy herself I thought she Tea : y " would not . Juror—Did she make any of the shirts ! Witness —l \ y , CT \ she did not , nor would not . She used to say * th 3 t she was brought up in respectability , and the-3 ea of earning a livelihood at snch cheap work almost droTe her mad ; and , although she was ? o XnucE reduced , she vowed she would not work at the shir's , and fnrther said she would not live as I did .

      Tse Coroner here inquired if her nosband , or any of her ' relatiTea , were in attendance 4 Mr . Gottingkm , the beadle , replied ihat the deceased was noi married , and none cf her relatives were present . He had madeisqairies about them , and somtthing of a Tery mysterious nature was connected with deceased . He bad been informed that she waa the illegitimate child of some persons of distinction , and at an early age wa 3 sent to a Miss Edey ' s school at Edmonton , and mixed in the irst families residing

      in that Tillage . She never knew who her father or mother were , but af ht she had been at the school some time , she was told that her mother had died almost heartbroken for the sight of her offspring . At the age of fifteen she was seduced by a squire living in zhe vicinity of Enfield , who kept her for some time as his mistress ^ and ultimately forsook lier . She becamD gradually rednced , and cohabited with several parsons , until , at last , ehe was rendered bo destitute asio&eek the scanty assistance of the first witness .

      Tr . e Coroner , who sppssred rather amszM at the singularity of the tale jost told him , asked if there were any witnesses vrho could speak to her more early mode of life ! - Sirs ' . E . Brookman , of Somerset-street , ShadweH , £ tate * that aboni six years ago the deceased and a ffentkman , whom she took to be her husband , teok lodgJngB at her hon e , and appeared to live very com ortably , The rent wa 3 regularly paid , and nothing was due when she left . Goroner—What sort of man was he ? "Witness—An elderly man , sir . Coroner—How do you know that she was not a married woman 1 The witness here handed in s letier from a Mi . B . Wears , of Chase-green , Enfield . which tended to show she was not . Coroner—Do you kcow whether this elderly gentleman filled any situation to Support himself and the dtoeasfed ?

      Witness—In the London Dock ; a Tery important atuaiion Ehe told me . Juror—iScw , did you ever hear her say anything aboni her parental Witness—Yes , Sir , she used to remark that she would _ giTe the world if Ehe could but and her father and mother . Henry Biythe , police-constable 302 K , depoied to the finding of the body in the middle of the l ^ ew Cut of ? he river Lea , at Limebonse , on Friday morning , about five o'clock . She had a bonnet on , and had been turned np by a b '* rge passing over her .

      The Coroner observed that it not only was a distressing case , but one of very singular character . Re ? peeang the early life of the deceased they had nothing so do ; the causa of deaih being the part of their inquiry . It appeared almost evident that the deceased £ &

      £ The above case was inEeried in our first edition last week , and bad then to be removed to make room for the Parliamentary debates . It is inserted here again , that the whole of our readers may benefit from the lesson it Jteaches . Talk of Jkl ' wn indeed What could be more " ptrange" and harrowing than the above tale of truth xl

      ySMiXE SULTEBT . —HJLllXEBS ASB DSE 5 S-3 IAKEB 5 , The following description of a London dresamakiE ? estabfiikment , is from the pen of a correspendent of the Times : — However nraca may have bean mid and -wnltEn , yet EtSl £ be condition of the milliners and dressmakers remsiEB the same ; and at this roomeDt Ujree-fourtas of tlie "west-end bouses "woTk sevtnteea hours a-day , and Eiany longer than that . The public- press , ard yoar psx « r especialls , has done much to tspose tfee evil , jet there are marry secrets -of these prison-houses "whichremain to be told-1 enclose my name and address as a guarantee for tie trnth o * tise foilsunug statement , scd 1 fhaU -wiilinfely give the names of my informants to any irho may be dispoBed to make further iEgairies : —

      In a house situate near Begent-Etreet , whose buEineBs \ Is pismapall ; ¦ with the ladies of thenobiUty and gestry , \ and is "srhat is tfcnnefl a first-rate fcoase , there are era- j ployed fifteen youBg persons . 1 pass by them -working j Bight and day . I fear 1 should not be cw > ditea were I : to state the number of h&zia of incessant toLL Tasre j are other e ? ils , "wMeb sska a case , I trust , Bfcldom i equalled . In most cf tbe houses -where young persoia are i employed the food snpplifed to them 1 b of a veiy passably I good quality ; but la tbe house I refer to tbe diet ofj most of ths union houses is superior both in quality \ and quantity . M 3 k and wattr , the rtalest bread andj tutter , boiled beef or mutton , comprise theii sola food ] from one week to ths other , and this only in limited i qnantities . lbs -work-room .-is Tery confined , but tbe ] Bleeping-rooEia are of the mc » t miserable descripdon— j eaght in a emiB . room ; add to tils , the windows of the ¦ workroom oveiiodk a brothia freqnsnted . even in tbe \

      dayfimebs appartnUy xieb . men , and into vrhich the joong pgacna hs . ve & f nil view , -without being them-- selves obeerred . Tbe matrass of the house lias no 6 X 0088-for putting them in the room they now work in , u she ias otbem nnoccupiBd , and « he -was fully aware of the cbmti « ot b « oppoiitemdgbbours when aba ch » a «* d tie wodL « wia » few jnoBth »^ noe ; bat she exbibita * 4 i « g » stiBg JnajSewKse tot tbe moalflABd beilth of those by who « toil ah * la mh ^ p i vekltb . Shewn In the room assorttiB » aitooirhea oae of -B » yo « ttg person * , throBgh ^ oVel-Sfotk » M « h * tatlon fefl from her stool seutlea . It vffl BCMeely be crtdit « d —« h « look not £ u Isart no 6 m of her , or desired any one to 50 to her aaditauce . Tie doctor sobs * . gnently declared she had been red » ced \ o the verge of the ^ grave through bad food and orerrwoxk The ^ mkao-xhesk asa dim * ye are . unheeded so that the Tittim last out the seaaoa ; she can then go . . . Contrast ths tofl-vorn alafe with the gay dweller in the ho » e opposite . Fiona the bard stool ( ns chairs , as they would tcealesn back ) she has oacapied perhsps since four feat morning , she glsuces into ths opposite splendidly f umished 100 m . In * tes 4 pi her miserable

      Untitled Article

      portion of food , tberp are wines and luxuries—instead ef toil , mirth , and laughter—perhaps tbe dress the is ¦ working on may be destined for the gay courUzw . Suth is one of the London first-rate houses . I can prove the truth of -what I state ; my informants ' have lived in th& house , and have experienced the treatment : one kecame ill , but fortunately had frienda to go to . She sayB she nevei passes near the house withont a shudder at the treatment Bbe endured there . ; If ever ; lady en employing a dressmaker at the west end were to ask the longest number of boors they worked on any

      occasion , it wonld do something towards remedying the system ef late hours , which sends hundreds to an early grave . I was told by a young person that resides in the house of one whose same I see in the list of donations to the Dressmakers Institution , that one day last week they worked from seven o'clock in tie morning until five o ' clock thef ollowing morning , then rested for one hour , and resumed work for the day at six Incredible as this may appear , I do not doubt the truth of it ; sbt did not seem to complain , as there are othtr houses which work longer than the one she resides in .

      METBOyOLTTAB HISER 7 . —RELIGIOUS BOBBER * . —The metropolis is at this season invaded by reliifious crusaders , both male and female , from all parts of the United Kingdom , who , with aost prodigal hands , pour into the grand mag *» ne , Exeter Hall , all the necessary materiel to * carrying the Bible and Christianity to the most distant parts of the globe . The comprehensive sympathies of those motley crusaders embT&ce tbe -wild Cafcees , the aavage HottentotB , the SonUi Ssa cannibals , and the roamlnjr inhabitants of trackless deserts . While their bansatlantic piety and sympathy lead their mental ana visual organs captive to foreign lands and distant chores , strange to say , they never cast one Christian look npon their fellow-countrymen at home , nor once dream of alleviatim ; , much loss

      obviating , the moral and physical degradation in which they are sunk . It exceeds the limits of human understanding to conceive how the saints and sinDer * who are now daily aaemblitig in Esrtet Hall and other public buildings , for the purpose of supplying missionaries , thsir wives , and families with the means of crossing the seas in search of objects upon -whom they may lavish British Christianity and humanity , can reconcile such conduct "with reason and religion , -when they know that at home and at their very doors ; there exists an inexhaustible ., unexplored mine of misery , suffering , and barbarism ? They cannot pl 3 ad ignorance of this fact ; for let them look where they will—let them take up any portion of the press , Whig . Tory , or Radical , let them but lend an attentive ear to the

      opening details which our Magisterial and Coroner's Courts develope , and they will behold a map of wretchedness , irreliglon , and crime , nncqualled lit violence and extent—a map shade wed by daTk , dismal despair . It is an unpardonable breach of all Ibws , bnman and divine , for benevolence thus to turn its back npon such a pc&ne of domestic calamity and suffering , and to travel abroad . Instead of expending their monies upon romantic peregrinations t" China , Iceland , Greenland , and Timbuctoo , to catch and Christianise wild and untutored savages , they wonld act more in unison with proper feeling and sound principl e if they employed thfeir wealth and increased their influence in mitigating the physical sufferings and exalting the moral condition of their own countrymen and countrywomen . When

      it is found that since 2831 , the paupers of this kingdom have doubled in numbers , and that the convicted criminals have increased from 19 , 731 to 31 , 309 , who will deny that there is & sufficient scope for the exertions of humanity , and religion ? In the Very heart of the metropolii the destitution and sufferings cf the poor who inhabit its alleys , lanes , courts , and mews , are so frightful that to form t ven an idea of them , it is necessary that their hovels should be viewed . In many instances , the poor have not the commonest necessaries of ISie ; sofi a * for cMbing , ihty have uot -wherewith to conceal thrix naked shivering limbs from tbe public « ve . If the fashionables who waste hours in Exeter Hall , listening to the legends , anecdotes , and tales , which aie over acd over again retailed "by the

      Missionaries ( one half of which ore mere fiction to please the caste and tickle the fancy of their dupes , ) would but visit the back-alums and purlieus of the Eastern districts , they would see thousands of theli fellow beings dying piecemeal , and inch by inch , from actual want and starvation . The Her . W . Cbampney , in his description of his parish in tbe Eastern quarter of London , says : — " At the gates of each of the docks , hundreds of poor men may be seen before day-break in the winter waiting tor the opening of the gates in tbe bope of obtaining a day ' s work ; and when the youngest and most able-bodied , and those best known , have been engaged , hnndreda atill m&f be seen returning to their destitute families with that ' sickness of heart * , which arises from ' hope deferred . ' In such a neighbourhood ,

      bungei and disease prevail to a frightful extent . " The Rev . Q . Alston , incumbent of St . Philip ' s , Bethnalgreen , thus describe * that district : — ' * It contains 1 , 400 houses , inhabited by 2 , 795 families , comprising a population of 12 O 00 . The space within which tbto large amount of population are living is less than 400 yards square , and it is no uncommon thing for a man and bis wife , with four or five children , and acmetimeB tbe grandfather and grandmother , to be found living in a room from ten to twelve feet iqaare , and which sprves them for eating and working in . I believe that till the Bishop of Lendon called the attention of the public to the st&te of Bethcal-green , about as little was known st the West-end of tbe town of this most destitute parish as the wilds of Australia or the islands of tbe South

      Seas . If -we really desire to ficd out the most destitute said deserving , we jonst visit the poor at their dwellings ; we must lift the latch of their doors , and find thesi at their scanty maal ; we must see them when suffering from sickness Bud want of work ; and if we do Una from day to day in rech a neighbourhood as Betbnal-green , -we shall become acquainted with a mass of wretchedness and misery rach as a nation like our own ought to be ashamed to permit I was Curate of a psrifib near Hnddertfield during the three years of the greatest manufacturing distrew ; but I never -witnessed sach a thorough prostration of the poor as I have seen since I have been in Bsthnal-green . There is not one father of a family in ten throughout the entire district that possesses any clothes but his working dress , and

      that too commonly in the worst tattered condition ; and with many this wretched clothing form their only covering at Bight , with nothing better than a bag of ttraw or shavings to lie upon . " We need not travel so far eastward for such appalling sceiies . In tbe -wretched abode * in Chailes , King , and Parker-streets , Djury-lane , will be fcund as many moving skeletons , as many pale complexions , as many beings longing for the grave as the oiily release for their miseries , &b are to be seen in Bethnal Green . In the parishes of St John and St . Margaret there were found in 5 , 294 dwelliuCT ( if they deserve such » name ) , 5 366 families , or 26 . 830 individuals , men , women , and children , huddled promucuonsly together , regardless of age or sex . ^ nd in the inner ward . of the aristocratic parish of St , George , HaDOver-sfuare , there were found 1 , 465 families , reckoning nearly 6 , 000 persons similarly

      situated , without the slightest regard for age , sex , or relationship . Wben such is the unnatural state of society in England—when such is the poverty of its people , that morality , the only tJe tfeat Btcnres tbe well-being of the social system is disregarded , and when these frightful evEa arise from destitution and misery , has iiot tbe nation a tight to proclaim and denounce as traitors to their native land , as enemies to hex peace , happiness , and prosperity , all -who , under any pretence jvkatever , attempt to drain from her the means of riplng so fuul a stain from her character . And this the saints ard sinners of Exeter Hall do -who annually transport to foreign lands the gold and wealth of England to be expended upon strangers , while her own children are dying of inanition , and are writhing under bL tbp accumulated evils which arise Itom starvation—WeeVy Dispatch ,

      WORKIJiG OP THE ATKCCIOCS POOB LaTJP . —In an able work on Bcrcfula , recently published by Dr . Tylei Smith , is >> passage of seme length , to which we are anxious to direct tbe attention of the Committee now irquiring into the iuTject of " medical relief to the sick poor . " Dr . Smith , who is favourably known to bis profession , writes thus : — " In many country districts , T ? iere , ax regards fresh air and locality , there are all the natural ogremens of health , scrofula is excessively prevalent , and , without deubt , chiefly on account of an improper or deficient supply of food . There &re but too many parishes in England in which the poor populatien seldom have in their houses any ether animal food than salted pork or bacon , and are thus living on a description of food moBt likely In our

      climate to debase their physical condition , and produce scfofnla , and other diseases , which take their rise in the ecrofalons constitution . Screfula is fearfolly prevalent among the inmates of the present nnlon workfcousea . I look npon the New Poor Law ob little better than a vast scheme for ecTofoFzing the whole pauper population el Great Britain . Unaer the Poor Ia-w rule able-bodied-paupers , as they are somewhat vfjongly termed , are forced to work hard , and the amount of their food is generally so inadequate to supply the wants of the Bystem , and maintain the expenditure of muaenlar power , that the constitution inevitably b * come » bankrupt in health , and strength . These sre the beings who are becoming tbe parents of a pauper race of children , who , in their turn , can

      scarcely hop * to reach the original Btandard of Emslisb organization . The vils of the Poor Law dietaries are thus reflected back upon the face of society , and they mil in the end work out their own punishment by giving us an inferior race of peasants , soldiers , and artisans . This la an % spect which tbe matter must , i ! it continues , ultimately assume ; and if seems very questionable whether " !* ii not « pocket wisdom and-a national fooliihneai , Iff curtail the rates- by poor dietaries at such a ride of ybyairal degeneration on a scale so immense . If poverty , snut perforce be treated u a crimft , Ik would be wiaei , in a ' tommonwealtb . pobat of viaw , to r »« ort to corporal puaiahment ; than to sewage

      the aofortanat * art BBofftndiBg jBtomachia smsh m > way that it ¦ fr ' . H be felt in thYbonea and ainewa ot neeaiedin * genmttau . That I am not attributing too nntch to the Pool I £ w i ^ i * em or diB * wffli I think , be OTidenttronv the . following . relation of what occurred nnder the Po « law jyrtwn inr a-Mian workhouse la Kent , in tb » plaee tefewed toy the f pariah nogHom reported , that « on the 29 tfi of AprB , 1841 ytfc 0 Te / w « e then In the house » venty-elght 'boys and -ilr . ety-fc « girls ; that all the aeventy- « Igbi boys had en \ arge » ent of the neck , and forty-two had likewise poitra—and of the gfcrla and infants twenty-ome b /^ d mlargea glands at the back . $£ th& seek , and . Io \ ty 4 hi »» &l > o

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      goitre . * The diet in these cues had been ' bread and I cheese for dinner 4 times a week , &nel padding and vegetables two days , on the Poor Law scale , and meat only one day of the week for dinner , and then the usual stinted workhouse quantity . Besides this scanty and Innutritions food , which may , for growing children , be truly called a scrofulous diet , the dormitories were illventilated and excessively crowded . It appeared that few of the children bad been admitted totlie workhouse on account of illness , or suffered from scrofulous disease of the glands , before their subjection to the regimen described . A mixed diet of tbe different kinds of animal and vegetable food la the most conducive to health . Such an admixture of alimentary substances eeem to amount to almost a positive law , and is

      probably of more importance to those inclined to scrofula than to any otherclass . JJevertheleea the children of the poor , and even of the rich , are often unduly Btlnted in the use of animal food ; tbe one . from tha opinion that a vegetable and farinaceous diet is the moat wholesome , tbe other from inability to procure a sufficiency of meat . There can be little qneation , looking at that state of the body which is most exposed to scrofula , that a purely vegetable diet , particularly in childhood , when the foundations of a weak or strong constitution can generally be laid , is most injudicious . On the other band , when tbe child has arrived at a proper age to digest any kind of food , fresh ' vegetables are of considerable importance in keeping the blood in a pure and wholesome condition . ''

      Untitled Article

      MEETINGS IN FAVOUR OF THE TEN HOURS ' BILL AND AGAINST THE ATROCIOUS MASTERS AND SERTANTS' BILL . Acorisgton . —On Thursday evening , April 25 th , a public meeting of tbe inhabitants of Accrington , was held in the National School Boom , Church-street , the Rev . John Hop wood , incumbent of the chapelry , in the chair . The spacious building was crowded in every part ; many who surrounded the doors were unable to obtain admission . There were present from 1 , 000 to 1 , 200 operatives . Mr . Robert Hargreaves and Mr . Jonathan Hargreaves , two of the largest cotton manufacturers in tbekingdom ( employingnearly 2 , 008 hands ) tbe Rav . J . Birchall , of Cburch-klrk , the Rsv . H . Jones , curate of Accrington , the Rev . Mr . Jennings , Wesleyan minister , besides several other gentlemen of local influence , were present .

      The Rev . Chairman , after reading the advertisement calling th « mweting , said he had great pleasure in seeing so many in attendance . The object they had met to promote was a most important one , and must recommend itself ; to every kind and feeling heart . Speaking from long experience , and the most attentive observation , be must say that the Factories Act now in operation was most inefficient , and farther restriction was absolutely necessary in order to promote tbe welfare of those engaged in tbe mills anil print-works . The hours of labour now enforced in factories left no time for the instruction of tbe young people , while the adult operatives after working such long hour * were

      wholly unfit fur tbe performance of their most important domestic duties . Whatever their opponents might ssy , be waa bold to assert tbat ten hours' daily labour was long enongh for all , whether young or old —( cheers ) After being employed from elx o ' clock in tbe morning till sis in the evening , including meal hours , it was but fair that they should have Borne respite from daily toil —^ cheers ) . Most of all was it cruel to require more than ten hoars' labour from women and young persons —( cheers ) . Ha for one , would never cease advocating the rights of the factory women and children , until the Ten Hours' Bill had become tbe law of the land—( cheers ) .

      Mr . Hajureaves moved the first resolution , and in the course of an able speech , combatted the various arguments adduced by to * opponents of a Ten Hours ' Bill Alluding to tbe foreign trade and wages question , the speaker observed : — " It was said if the hours of labour were reduced to ten , commerce would Buffar , and wo should not be able to compete with foreigners . But , from the little experience he bad had , be would venture to assert tbat England would maintain her high standing just as well under the ten hours' system

      as under twelve—( cheers ) . With respect to wages , he did not profess to be able to say whether wages would come down in tbe proportion to the reduction in the hours of labour . That was a point which tbe operatives should well weigh before signing any petition to Parliament on this subject . His own epinion was tbat the ultimate effect : of adopting the Ten Hours' Bill would not be to diminish wages—( cheers ) . Tbey were more likely to be reduced in consequence of excessive competition in the * labour-market thau from the proposed reduction in the hours of labour .

      The Rev . H . Jo > £ S seconded , and JamES Dobson , an operative , supported the resolution , which waa carried unanimously . Tbe Rev . J , BihcUall , incumbent of Church Kirk , in proposing the ntxt resolution , felt it necessary to explain the absence ; of soKie of his clerical brethren in the neighbourhood , who , had tbey been aware of the meeting , would mast certainly have attended . It was stated in the advertisement that several clergymen would address the meeting ; he could Dot understand bow * uch an expectation could be entertained , for he himself had only heard of tbe meeting tbat afternoon ; and he -was qaite sure if it bad been known sufficiently many clergymen from the neighbourhood would have attended—( cheers ) . The e ' ergy gentrally were

      indisposed to anything like political agitation ; and it waa tbe first time in his life that he had attended any meeting at all partnking of tbat character ; but , in conjunction , he believed , with most of bis brethren , he could not help feeling & . very deep interest in this question . Unlike most otfcer topics which from time to timb becime the subject of discussion , it waa one of fundamental importance . He could not but think that tbe attention of the Legislature was too much devoted to preparing what were the mere instruments of legislation , to tbe exclusion of wtac bad a practical bearing on ifce community at large —( cheers ) . Here was a vit&l question which would -tell with great effect on the wellbeing of immense numbers of our fellow-countrymen . The state of society presented a very striking contrast

      —on the one hand wba vast and increasing -wealth , on tbe other , an appalling mass of misery , and toil , and exhaustion in the taska of daily labour . What ^ as the cause of this state of things ? Was it not that while we had done so much for the protection of capital , we had done little or nothing for the protection of labour ?—( loud cheers ) . If he waa not mistaken , a Minister of State bad said , In tbe recent debate , that if the hours of labour were abridged , more establishments must be founded , involving a great outlay of capital , -which was in itself a great eviL He could not at all understand this . He heard en every side that men did not knew what to do with their money . The funds were at par , the banks would give no interest , and tbe Bank of EDgland had £ 16 . , 000 of gold in its coffers .

      Uader Eucb circumstances be could not think such outlay of capital could be an evil . True it was , tbat tbe return might not be precisely of the same kind tbat many might wish for such additional outlay ; but the return of comfort ,, of well-being to the lower orders , would be of infinitely more consequence to the community generally than any return of 10 , 20 , or 50 per cent in money—( cheers ) . But there was protection to Capital , and no protection to labour . Adam Smith bad written a book called the " Wealth 0 / Notions , " which waa read by all who pretended to any acquaintance with political economy . He wished that learned man had written as clever a book on the " Happiness of Nations , " and tbat it were read with < qnal attention — ( cbecra ) . He could not help touching upon the

      question of wages , which he was glad Mr . Robert Hargreaves , who was necessarily so high m authority on the subject , bad also noticed . He found there two ol > jbctions were made by the opponents of the measure , aad often by the same parties—first , that it would lower wages , and secondly , that it would so enhance the price « f the articles made that competition with foreisn markets would be impossible . Now , these two things could not both' be true . If wages were towered , and a man got the same sum fcr making tbe same article , how could the master charge more for that article ? For his own part , be did not believe either of those objections to be . Well-founded : he firmly believed that , instead of a fall , a rise of wages would be tbe consequence of tbe adoption of this measure—( cheers ) .

      But some persons thought it improper to interfere with labour at all ; they said that man was a free agent , and could set as he' pleased in tbe matter . That position he denied . Haw ceuld the working class be considered free agents under present circumstances ? Suppose one of tbem went to his employer and Baid" I think that ten heurs a day is sufficient , and I shall work no more . " What -would hie master think and do ? He Would suppose the man was beside himself ; be knew that numbers were ready to supply bis place , and he would insist on a compliance with his own terms —( cheers ] . TLus the personal quarrel with his master would be ruin to the man , but of no consequence to the employer . The argument of these objectors was , in fact , this— " We h > ve now great power .

      We like that power . It gives us tbe means of getting rich , and that is our grand object : therefore we want no interference * ' —( cbtere ) . Some went so far * as to say tbat England ' s greatness was at stake in this question . The greatness of bis country certainly must be an object of pride to every Englishman . Her dominion was extending all over the world . She had a greater extent of territory and more subjects than ancient Rome in all her splendour . But surely it did hot depend upon this unreasonable system of things . If such really was the case , he must go one step further , an * say , let England's greatness go , if it depends on the maintenance of snch a system . Better far tbat we should sink into a second

      or third-rate nation , with an increase- of the general comfort of the community— ( cheers )* He deeply regretted the position in wMch her Majeety's Ministers had plaoed themselves ia relation to this question—( oheeia ) . He hesitated not to avaw that in many of thebMrlews a » d oplnloaw he entirely colaclded ; bnt in th&aOMse tbey had adopted on ttU question he coald not concur and it their teawre of offioe depended on tkeieadherenoe to that course , be for one waa prepared *> aay l * t them go out ot omoe at onoe *'—( cheers ) . He concluded by moving tha aeoond . resolution . Mr . Dixon-aeeonded tha resolution , which waa carried unanimously . -.--. ¦ ' ; ¦ '

      Mr . Hoichinsoh moved the adoption of a petition , calling on the Legislature . to restrict the labour of females and young persona employed in factories and other similar establishments to ten hours per diem during five days in tbe week , asd eight hours Cj Saturday . He contended that a curtailment of the

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      loura of labour to that extent was alike necessary on social , moral , and religious grounds—to elevate the condition , promote the comfort , and improve the character of the labouring population . TheRov . Mr . Jennings compared the present state of the factory operatives with what he had formerly seen of the slave in the West Indies . The waste of human life , particularly the young , was frightful . But he hoped the system was about to be ameliorated . The shortening of tbe hours of labour would in a great measure check the mortality among the young , and materially increase the domestic comforts of the poor , while it would afford more available opportunities for religious and moral culture . He sLicerely trusted the object of the meeting would be realized by a reduction of tbe hours of labour to ten , and that wages would remain the same—^ cheers ) .

      Mr . Baii , ley suggested , that instead of limiting the relief prayed for to women and young persons , it should be extended to all employed In mills and other similar establishments . The only effacUal mode of doing this was to limit the action of the moving power to ten hours In the day . The petition having bean altered in accordance with this suggestion , was unanimously adopted . Thanks to Lord Ashley , aad to the Chairman , closed tbe proceedings , which word throughout conducted with the greatest unanimity . Chorley . —A public meeting in favour of the Ten Hours' Factory Bill was held here on Thursday evening , 25 th ult ., in the largo room of the Red Lion Inn , which was crowded to excess , while hundreds were unable to obtain pdmfsaion . Several millowcera were present , but took no part in the proceedings .

      Mr . J . Watts , a magistrate , presided , and briefly opened the business of the evening by observing that the Ten Hours Bill appeared to be a very desirable measure , although he was ready to admit that the question was sot without its difficulties , especially as-it was thought by some that such a limitation of the hours of labour might have tha effect of reducing the wages of tha operatives . There were others extensively engaged in the cotton and woollen trade who altogether dented that such would be the result ; but still it behoved them to look to both sides of the question , and to consider what risk they would Incur in this respect , and whether they were willing to tako tbe chance of a reduction of wages . He confeised he tbought that a factory day commencing at aix o ' clock in tbe morning and terminating at six in the evening was quite long enough —( cheers ) .

      Mr . John Brewer , an operative spinner , moved the first resolution in favour of a Ten Hours' BUI for all females and minors engaged in tbe mills . He waa glad to see present &o many who belonged to the labouring class of society , and be hoped no harsh language would be indulged in towards their employers , who , aa a class , were undoubtedly greatly superior to those who bad preceded them ; and who , before the law interfered to prevent tbem , often worked their mills thirteen , fourteen , fifteen , and sixteen hours , with au in terval of only half an hour for meals , a-day . In those days bothiraaatera and spinners were too often tyrants . He himself , when a * youths had workod those hours , and he could , therefore , speak feelingly of tbe system then common in the factory districts : but , though some improvement had been effected , legislation haduot gone far enough . He spoke at considerabla length detailing the evils of the present system , in the course of which he remarked : It was said thoyinust not interfere

      between toaster and servant ; but what was tbe factory system before the legislature did interfere ? He could speak feelingly , for ho had worked in a mill when he was five years old . Waa that tbe order of ProViuunce ? Certainly not ; yet there were political economists who opposed ull interference between master and servant at home , who , nevertheless , cauld see no inconsistency in interfering between master aud servant In the West Indies—( cheers ) . In the cause of the black Bl&ves , bow many platforms had been crowded by those men and their followers , and how deep bad been the commiseration expressed for tbe negro population beyond the seas ? They did not hesitate to tax Great Britain to the extent of £ 20 , 000 000 sterling in order to effect the liberation of the black slaves in the West Indies ; nor had their interference stopped even there ; for they had induced the legislature to enact that the emancipated slave should not be Worked twelve hours a-day —( loud cbeera ) .

      Thomas Handle , another operative , seconded the resolution , which the chairman , after expressing bis regret that they bad not a larger room to accommodate the numbers who were straggling for admission , put to the meeting , and it was passed unanimously , David Davis , also an operative , moved the second resolution ,, expressive of thanks of Lord Ashley nnd those member * of Parliament who had supported him in his efforts to restrict factory labour to tea houis aday , and calling upon them to falfil their pledges , and maintain their consistency by continuing to advocate the Ton Hours Bill . Mr . T . Wabing , a publican , seconded the resolution , and , adverting to the supposeable caso that aomo members of Parliament who had voted with Lord Asbley might , on future occasions desert him , said hu was at a loss to know by what name susb men should be called . Certainly they could not then be fit longer to represent the working men of England—( cheers ) .

      At this stage of the proceedings Mr . Girthside , the certificating surgeon of the district , attempted to address the meeting from tbe lower end of the 700 m , where he had been standing along with some millowners . The chairman immediately invited him to take bis stand upon the platform , which after some apparent reluctance he did . He then proceeded in somewhat unmeasured terms to rebuke the assembled ' operatives for inconsistency in seeking a restriction of factory labour to ten hours per day , when he , aa certifying surgeon ; was constantly applied to by parents of factory children to certify them aa being older than tbey

      really were , for the purpose of enabling them to earn their parents an extra shilling a week . To this it waa replied by a subsequent speaker , that the practice to which Mr . Cfcirtbside bad referred , so far as it prevailed waa highly improper ; but that a want of natural affection on the part of both parents and child 1 en was , in too niany instances , one of tbe lamentable results of the long hour factory system ; at the same time , tbe certificating surgeon was by no means justified in making so indiscriminate an attack upon tbe working men then assembled , many of whom might be as adverse to such practices aatnen rnnld be .

      The second resolution waa then put , and passed unanimously ; the chairman taking that opportunity of stating bis belief , that wages would not be materially affected by the paB . iing of a Ten Hours' Bill , and that be was confirmed in bis opinion by what had lately been stated by Mr . Thomas Starkey , an extensive millowner , who . had found by experience that a reduction of factory labour from twolve to eleven hours in bis own establishment was attended by no loss whatever to the great bulk of those in his employ . The earnings of the " slubbers" were affitcted in some slight degree ,

      but that was compensated for by the increased Comfort of their wives and families . Alluding to tbe apprehension txpiebsed by a preceding speaker that some Members of Parliament who had voted with Lord Ashley might desert him on a future occasion , he could not help thinking , if they were well looked after , there waa no great fear of that . There waa a very expressive term for such conduct , if tht-y were guilty of such flagrant inconsistency , and tbat was " ratting . " ( A laugh . ) Let Honourable Members , he would say , take cure they did not rat" on this question . ( Cheers )

      The third resolution was , that a petition to Parliament , founded upon the resolutions , should be signed by the Chairman on behalf of the meeting , an « $ transmitted to Lord P . ilmerston for presentation ; and tbat Mr .. Cobden be written to by the Secretary of the Short Time Committee of Chorley , where the Hon . Member ' s print-woika are situate , and requested to support its prayer . Mr . Thomas Hindle , in moving this resolution , insisted on the necessity of greater carefulness in boxing off machinery ia the mills . That very morning , as he

      was walking through the streets of Balton , he saw two young women weeping . Oa inquiring the reason he found that one of them bad a sister who had been working that forenoon in a factory in Little Bolton , and was killed in consequence of her hair , which she was at the instant adjusting , being caught by an upright revolving shaft , which had been left unboxed oflj while some alterations were made in the machinery . The name of the sufferer was Mary Whitaker , and the accident bad occurred in a mill belonging to Mr . John Brookes , of Manchester .

      A vote of thasks was then unanimously passed to those speakers from other districts who had assisted ia the proceedings cf the evening , and another to the Chairman ; and tha meeting , which had displayed the best of feeling throughout , quietly dispersed . Star , FiFeshire . —A petition in favour of the Ten Hours' Factory Bill , and condemnatory of tbe Masters and Servants- ' Bill , has been forwarded to Mr . Duncombe for presentation to . the House of Commons . Gr <> at praise ia due to Mr . Patrick here for his exertions in this as well aa in every patriotic cause .

      Important Meeting at Meiugon , surreYj to oppose the b ! am » aj 3 i . e bhw-rmokday , ae&il 28 TU . —It having been announced , per placard , that a public meeting would be held as- above , the large Assembly Room of the Victory Inn . was densely crowded . At eight o ' clock , Mr . Aitken , & master manufacturer , waa called to the chair . The Chairman pointed out tbe atrocious character of tbe proposed measure ,, read the fourth clause , and entreated a partial hearing for all parties , hit . Hoy moved the following resolution : —" That it ia the opinion of tbis meeting that the Master and Servants' Bill now before Parliament is unconstitutional , unjust , and subversive qt the interest of the people , inasmuch aa it places tkat power in the hands of a alncle Juatdc * of the Peace > which ought

      only to be vested In the Judges of the sealm , aad abrogates in a great meaaure that beat of all aafsguardi to . British liberty—trial bj Jnify . " Mr . Hoy aald , having ati employer ot the high atandlng of ; Mjr . Aitken In the chair , be aurely in that dnnsaiBtanoft found ample juatiflcation in atandln * forwaxd to propote tiwt reaolotloD He thought that every horieafc and Just man , wbatber master or servant , should oppose this most unjust and tyrannioal measure —( cheers ) . Mit . Mbunseer seconded the resolution . Mr . Stallwood , who was loudly and . enthusiastically choeted , supported the resolution ' , in . Wi eJofWP * ' ¦^*^* : v *^?* 1 . ; V , f * : \^!^/ . ' . ^ M ^ s . pplauded . The ' resolution was' carried unanimously Mr . Dale moved , and Mr . Slater seconded , the adoption I ( A a petition Mr . M'Qrath supported the motion in ¦ x speech which elicited immeuae cheeriog . The peti-

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      tion was then put and unanimously adopted . Mr . Hoy moved , and Mr . Dale seconded— "That when the petition shall have received tbe signatures of the public , it be forwarded to Thomas S . Duncombe , Esq ., M P . for presentation ; and thkt the Members for East Surrey be requested to support the prayer of the asme / 1 Carried unanimously . ; A voto ot thanks was then moved to Messrs . Stallwood and M'Gratb , for their attendance this eveningi and for their Bervicea in the people ' s c . iu 6 e is general , which waa seconded , and carried by acclamatien . ! Mr . Dale , having bisn voted to the chair , a vote of tbanka was given by acclamation to Mr . Altfcen as Chairman , who responded , and said from his boyhood be had always been in favour of Universal Suffrage —( loud cheers ) .

      BiKMiNfiHAM Shoemakers . —A large meeting has beenholden of the operatives of this trade , when a petition was unanimously adepted against the Mastera aad Servants' Bill , and ^ sent to Mr . Duncombe for presentation . A vote of thanks was given to the Northern Star , for its unwearied defence of the liberties of the people . -

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      DREADFUL HURRICANE OFF THE MAURITIUS . AN JNDIAN AND TWO EMIGRANT SHIPS LOST . Within the last three or four days the subjoined intelligence has been received at Lloyd ' s , announcing a most fearful storm having occurred in the month of January last , off the Mauritius , by which , we regret to state , several splendid ships were totally lost . It is described to have been the severest that has visited that island for many years , and lasted nearly twenty-eight hours .

      SHIPWRECK OF THE HUGH MATTHIE , AN INDIA MAN . At an early hour on the morning of the 3 rd ult . this vesssl , certainly one of the most magnificent ships of her class ever beheld , was seen at a distance , making for Port Louis , and in the course of a few hours ehe brought to an anchor near the Bell Buoy , in the outer harbour . She was beautifully rigged out , and the majestic style in which ehe bore into the harbour excited the attention and interest of almost every inhabitant of the town . It was her " maiden voyage , " having only been launched by the owners , Messrs . Sparke and Co ., at Maryport , in Devonshire , in the early portion of last year , and the purpose for which she was put into the Mauritins was to land about eighty emigrants and their

      families from Calcutta , and afterwards to proceed on the remainder of the voyage to England . Within a short period after her arrival the weather changed for the worst , the wind blowing a strong breeze front tha N . W ., with distant thunder . Her Commadner , Captain Sparkes , perceiving a storm was on the eve of bursting forth , lost not' a siagle moment fit hoisting a signal for a pilot , who Fhortly came on board , when her yards and topmasts were lowered , and everything was done to make the ship as snug as possible , and to run her into the inner harbour the first opportunity that showed itself . As the day advanced the wind greatly increased , with a high sea , and bj nine o ' clock at nfghfc it Bad reached a violent storm ; but in the course of the night tha

      scene changed to one of the most fearful character At times the whole horizon presented one vivid sheet of fire , followed by peals of thunder , the sea at the same instant rolling to a tremendous height , and the wind blowing * a perfect hurricane . Both the anchors of the Hugh Matthie were out , and she appeared to weather the storm gallantly : but at about four o ' clock in the morning one of them . gave way , and shortly the other , when the ship was carried by the tide with great force into the reef of rocks near the inner harbour . Blue lights and rockets were instantly fired for assistance , but at that period , although thousands of the inhabitants crowded along the coast , it was beyond human exertion to afford succour . Among the unfortunate

      creatures on board , the excitement , and alarm were of a truly heartrending description , and we believe there was net one of them who expected to reach the shore alive . The ship was on every side surrounded by terrific breakers , which every moment made a clear sweep over the decks : and the manner in which the crew and the rest on bpaid prevented themselves from being washed overboard was by getting into the rigging , and ia other parts of the vessel where the slightest shelter could be obtained . In this dreadful state , the ship being filled with water , and part of her bottom beaten in by the

      rocks , did tbey remain for ten hours . An opportunity then offered itself , and through the zeal and vigorous exertions of the captain and pilot , every soul ( except one man ) was saved . The unfortunate person who was lost was one of the emigrants , who , it seemed , waa washed overboard by the breakers . The last letters received from the Mauritius state that the ship had become a complete wreck , and her fragments were sold to the highest bidder . She had a valuable cargo on board , consisting of merchandise and East India produce , very little of which wasjsaved . The total loss was computed at £ 25 , 000 portions of which sum will fall on one or two inaur ance companies . LOSS OP THE EMIGRANT SHIP AMITY . This vessel was also a beautifully built ship , and it is somewhat remarkable that she likewise was oa her . " first passage 1 " when overtaken and destroyed by the tempest . She was upwards of six hundred tons burdeu . and much larger than the Hugh Matthie , the latter's tonnage not exceeding five hundred and thirty-eight tons . The ship belonged to Liverpool , which port she sailed from for . Bombay in June last , and made an extraordinary quick passage . From Bombay she proceeded to the Mauritius , with emigrants for that island , which place she reached in sa ety ou the 2 nd of January , and remained in the outer harbour , in company with seven other vessels , until the hurricane took place . The remainder

      of the particulars we extract from the letters received by the owners of the vessel . During the morning of the 3 rd , the wind rose to a great pitch , an < 5 the master , Captain Wright son determined , aa soon as he could obtain a pilot , to ran the ship into the inner harbour , where she would be better protected from the fury of the storm , which he foresaw was approaching . He proceeded to the Port-cfSce , and made kootvn his purpose , but unfortunately nofc a pilot was to be had ; they had all beea engaged for the other vessels . Oa bis return be found the sea swelling mountains high , aud the wind blowing furiously , and as aight came oa it increased . To attempt to run the vessel in the harbour could nofc he effeet&Fwtihoutoccasionina her immediate

      deatruotion , and she was brought to with her two anchors out . During the night the sea broke against the ship terrifically , and every now aad then fell in huge masses over the forecastle , aad , like a cataract , rushed along the decks , sweeping every thing before it . At eleven o ' clock , a large ship , which lay at the Amity ' s stem , commenced firing minute-guns , and discharging rockets and blue-lights for assistance , whilst the awful scene around wits ever and anon rendered more alarming by the vivid Sashes of lightning , and the deafening peals of thunder that burst over the distressed ships . One of the stately vessels that left Liverpool at the same time as tbe Amity did , was unable to bear up against the violence of the ocean , and was eventually hurled upon the rocks . Two

      other ships soon shared a similar fate , which , lamentable to detail , also had a . number of emigrants oa board . The Amity withstood the fury of the gale until near eight o'clock , when a tremendous- sea having caught her , snapped her cables asunder , and in , an instant , in the sight of thousands of persons who crowded along the coast , she was thrown on to the Tammalias reef , at the entrance to the inner harbour . The captain , after recovering the effects of the shock e directed -that the masts should be cut away , which had the eSaot of lightening her , aud by the succeeding waves she was cast higher on to tbe reef , where the breakers were the least , and consequently the least danger to be apprehended . In this state she remained , partly on her- beam ends , until

      the hurricane had somewhat abated , and oa- the irst favourable opportunity presenting itself ihe captain made an attempt to save iiie lives of the passengers and * his' crew , who , after some diSeulty , managed to attach a . long Una on shore , and by the aid of a few circular life buoysvwlnch . he had brought from Liverpool , together with the assistance of a number of persons on the beach , every soul was dragged off the wreck and preserved , but , as may be easily imagined , ia a deplorable state of exhaustion . It was fully expaoted tnai this fineyessei would go to . trieces , and consequeatly prove a total loss .

      The ship Marian , Captain Rose , 350 tons burden , also- in the emigrant trade ,, was wrecked within a short distance of the spot where the Hugh . Matthie weat ashore . She was fxom Calcatta , and had a valuable -and taiscellaneeas cargo ; providentially the whole of the emigrants } were saved , although they endured the most severe-sufferings ,. consequent opott their destitute state . She was lost under precisely similar circumstances to . those already detailed . The Malay brig , Captain Shaw , Witk a number of smigr .-aats also on board , was lost at the same tune on the same coast . The whole of the passengers were saved , as also the oreiir .

      Another vessel , called the Bordeaux , was lost daring the storm * but all on board ef her wexe preserved ! ixotd ' s—Friday Ewning . Letters were this erening received mentioniDg the total Joss by fire of the ship r Palatine ; - ; b ^ if eexL « M » aad 600 tons bmrden , belonKing to the port of Netr- ^ jO » stl « upon-Tjae , off the G » ob of Good ^^ Hopewtp month of February last . Gr « at anxiety is felt for tiae safety of Cine ^ oreW , none ef them haying Veen seen or heard of since the occurrence . She left ^ sewcaetle in the early part of September laat , a ' jd was bound for the East Indies .

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      " . > i- * I I l » Ml i ^^^ H il t HI M !'"¦¦ A Relic—At the soiree of ^ he Roy al Geographical Sp ' ciety ; afew ilays ago , among f' ^ interesting objects inviting attention was the pw / W of a Roman galley , fished up from the bottom of tQe sea , near ttw promontory where the . battle of / fcOtium was fo guht .

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      The following letter is from a Classic Teacher in the County Mayo : — XO PATRICK . lO ' HIGGINS , ESQ . ! Etritt , April 20 th , 184-t , Patriotic Sir , —As you will have returned from tha Convention before this reaches you , I will thank you for some grape and cannister shot , in tbe shape of political traota to optn the eyes of some of my countrymen , v > ho were flashed jthese eighteen months back with the hopes of a College Green Parliament ;; but now , alas ! their hopes have fled ; and , aa Mr . Fleiuming truly says , they are beginning to see the obstacles ; and also to see that Chartism must either accompany or precede repeal . j J am charged by some of the stupid O'Connellite Repealers with the crime of having abandoned Repeal for the glorious cause of Chartism because I ceased to bother myself \* itb their d e lusion , and gave up reasoning with them ; for I might as well reason with a cew or a horse , as with tbe empty headed O'Connellitos . But wait awhile ; coming events wiifteach them .

      Daniel O'Connell called 1813 the Repeal year . What did be mean ? His dupes cannot tell , though they are asked the question even by female ? . He said tbat tha SixonB were to a man opposed to Kepeal , Ho now declares before the God tbat ia to judge him tbat ho was mistaken ; that there are many wise and good men in England . What a notable discovery at the end of 13 years ! \ ybat a leader of tbe Irish people I O ! great Daniel ; who would not follow in your w&ke . And this great and wise Leader discovered the friends of Ireland , and of Repeal amongst the enemies of Ireland and Repeal in Covent Garden Theatre ; and by way of insuring their co-operation , or his own , it is hard to tell which , ! he gave them £ 100 rent . Bravo , Daniel of Derrynane ! This is in keeping with

      your whole political life . One hundred pounds of the Repeal rent to help tha enemies of Repeal to pnt down the Repealers ; one hundred pounds of tbe Repeal rent to help the enemies of Ireland tu make corn cheaper than cattle , aBd thus give further inducements to that hard-hearted crew , the Irish landlords , to turn out all the small tillage farmers , and convert the ladd into pasturage . An additional bonus for turning out the small tenantry , that bold peasantry whom you praise so JavisbJy and cheat so unscrupulously . Daniel ! Daniel ! the annihilation of the hontafc forty shilling freeholders and their families , amounting on a moderate calculation to fifteen hundred thousand souls , should have satisfied your maw for tbe deatruetion of your poor confiding countrymen . But no , you are not satisfied . You must

      banish them root and branch . Not content with the wide waste your policy has already made , you bring the cupidity of the Irish landlords to bear upon your victims . Make wheat cheaper and cattle dearer . Mind there is no good harvest in cattle . Tbe quantity cannot be measured much ; and every small farmer in Ireland will be sent adrift upon tbe wide world . Your policy has depopulated the country to a frightful extent Let me ask ycu , do you believe that there is a God in heaven ? If bo , pray to him ; to atop your mischievous carreer . If you do not , say 8 o , and the people will understand you . In 1813 you said tbat you had jaat disoorered that tbere were some wise and good men in England . In 1834 , you said precisely the same thing . What have yon said of them during the intermediate nine years and the Repeal year into tbe bargain .

      you are now haunted by the " DKH 4 PrT GEiMOS-OF Chartism . " Are not all Chartists Repealers ? Here in Connaught some of as are aware tbat it is because the Chartists are sincere Repealers , that you bate tbem . Unlike your Irish dupes , they will not let you play fast and loose with that qneaiion . They are in earnest ; and therefore your hatred of them . It ia a puie , pious , unmitigated hatred , for which you ought to get credit But , then , you j will not tolerate the Chartists till they get rid of Feargus 0 "Connor , and all others in whom , they confide , and have good reason to- confide . Chartists , come now , take the Liberator's advice ; get rid of those who never deceived you , and adopt as leaden those who have ever deceived those who confided in them . Give up your principles , and . help to

      restore the Whigs , to poweiu . Kick oat the- patriot O'Connor , and take in his stead that greasy , drunken bnffooa , Tom S ^ le . Do this , and Daniel will declare , befoiethat God that is ta judge him , that ba never till now thought tbsre was bo much wisdom and goodness amongst the Chartists . Poor old man ! it you were tohold Repeal In / cold water till the Chartista be guilty 06 rash baseness , there wiU be Ice upon it . "We are all emanoipatora , " said tbe canting Koundrela wlw disturbed Ireland in £ 8 $ 5 with tbair religious hsdrophobia v "bat you axe unfit for fsee dom . Get lid of your priests -who keep you in darkriettj who preach , idolatry arid aiwentitioa ; joatget

      rid oif these leaden ; take os ,, yoair real friends , ia their staid , and then you will phow yoarselves worthy of mancifatlon . Get rid of tha uokappy gsnius ef Popery , and we will Kelp to lead you to freedom . What is the difference between the proposition which Daniel has made to tfje Chartists and that which those itinerant knaves ma- ae to the Catholics of Ireland in 1824 ,-1825 , and 1 ? , 26 ? j ' I wish 1 couKj gee bow the Chartists * received this proposition to get rid of their leaders . The dnpea at Confusion HaJ ' i cheered it . i T wonder toW the Dublin blockheads ^ q dq bo blind . Have they not read the speech ol •' jjevr leader delivered in the Queen ' s Bench , where SJ * e n showed what ! might have been achieted

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      Progress of the « propaganda . " But why are the Chartists so incessantly the object of O'Coanell ' s anger ? i * * * Is it because the Chartista aim at serious | reform ? * * That tbey have boldly proclaimed war in the name of the people ? * * * ' That their propagandises has penetrated into Ireland ; and that in the midst of this population decimated by pauperism , where O'Connell always preaches resignation and peace , they have appealed to more manly sentiments ? If this be the cause of OConneJl ' s angry tirades against the Chartists , we pity him for exhibiting { them . Bnt it is neither in his power , nor that of any other man , to crush tbe bad that is growing , or to prevent the future which is everywhere in preparation . " —National . The following letter has been received by Mr . J . M Leech , of Hyde . It tells of the " signs of the times " : — New Church , April 18 th , 1844 .

      MT DEaB . FRlEND-i-With much pleasure I have to announce to yo » that ] there was a meeting held in French-park , at the house of John Crofton ( and ia your former room ) for the purpose of discussing the People ' s Charter , on the evening of Tuesday last The men who called the meeting ; intended to kill Chartism in ibis town , but never were any body ot Chartists more victorious at any meeting , than the " insignificant few " of this town . All the youths of the town attended , and a geod number from Belanagare . Mr . Francis M'Causland was called to the Chair . He delivered an banngne , asking tbe meeting , did they mean to relinguiih Mr . O'Connell after advocating their cause for the last forty years , and was in the midst of persecution and

      affliction f He designated the Cbattist body as a " rabble , " and said no man would }» in them but a mere miscreant When he had done , I stood up , and proved beyond contradiction that it was more than time the people should look at Mr . O'Connell ' s career , and that be ought to havo been long since abandoned by his poor deluded c mntrymen , citing the ' many causes tbat they had to abandon him . I asked the meeting who it was that always designated the Chartists in the manner the chairman did ? Their answer was O'Connell . I then proved to fcbefr satisfaction thai : Mr . O'Connell kept the Irish divided from tbe English Chartists , for tbe sole purpose of promoting his own' personal views . I concludod by moving the following resolution : —

      " That it is the opinion of this ' meeting that fair aud impartial justice cannot be obtained by the labouring classes , save by the enactment of tbe People ' s Chatter . *' The resolution was seconded by Mr . Kelly . A Mr . John M'Cann , a Classical Professor , rose to move an amendment , but to his chagrin was called upon by the meeting to sit down , for the resolution required so amendment Thos Dillon , jun ., rose and proposed a resolution intended to negative mine , but could not find one Jto second him . My resolution was finally carried , with only three dissentients . Mr . Kelly rose and said

      though the Chartists were few in this country , and fewer in that room , still ] as tbey always upheld justice and freedom , they could never be refuted , as was evident from the proceedings of that evening . Mr . M'Causland was moved from the chair and Thos . Dillon called thereto , when be said , "Gentlemen , the Chartists have beat us this evening in their resolution ; and so they ought , said be , for It was one ot interest to every individual within the room , although be ( Mr . D . ) bad been one of the three that opposed it , but be never wonld oppose the Chartist principles again . ' He &at down amidst the cheers of the meeting , which then adjourned .

      Now my friend , from' the above yoa may see how the piinoiple is progressing in this country . Yours very sincerely , / T , Starkey . I request you will report the proceedings of that meeting , and I fnrther request tbat you will give my address wherever you lecture , to your friends , in order when they bave a paper read they may send it , as my dissemination of tbe principles would be fruitless without affording it Star light . For all I desire now ia plenty of Star light , as I am now , thanks to you , pretty well conversant with the principles of democracy .

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      had Daniel joined the Chartists , in which he boasts cf having confined Chartism to England , by which means he preserved life and property in Ireland . Chartism , he said , was so fascinating to the lower orders , that all Ireland would have been Chartist but for him . Does this vain man imagine that tricfe , calumny , and misrepresentation can confine the heaven-bom princi ples ef Chartism within such limits , as he is pleased to proscribe F Like iBolus , who , as Virgil says , confined the winds to prison by chains and fixed laws . " Celsa sedit . Solos aree scapta tennis malHtqne animas et temperat Iras nifaciat rnaria a > terras ice ' umqae profundnra qaeppe ferant , rapid ! secum verantque peronras , " So he gave the bench and the orthodox twelve gentlemen " of the right sort to understand . " This piece ef service to . the powers that be , ought to have and will have ita due weight with the bench .

      After all , is Chartism crushed in Ireland ? I answer , No ; it is spreading . The lecturers in the shape of Start are doing their duty nobly In every part of Ireland . Persevere , then , my brave political teacher , as you have hitherto done . May yoa soon see in your democratic school 3 , 500 , 000 Irish students ; and that yoa may live to see , that which your faeart most ardently desires , the poor man in your native conn try stand erect in the dignity of his nature and say " am free , ' is the earnest prayer of , Your political pupil , John Lopebv .

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      g THE NORTHERN S TJ ^ j _ May _ A ^ 1844 .

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), May 4, 1844, page 6, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1262/page/6/