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Northern Star (1837-1852), 4th May 1844, Edition 1 of 1, Page 3, ZLitevature*

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      ODE . "ffis \ consiltnYes a state ? vo * hi £ b- » i » d battlement or labourM mo * nd , Zr < Baek . wall or motea gate : If or doe * proud "with spires and turrets crown'd ; Kot lays aid broad-arm'd ports T ^ jjere , laughing at the storm , rich navies ride ; Nor sUfr'd and spangled courts , tfiers 1 »» irow'd baseness w&f ts perfnine to pride ; No : —MK 5 , high-minded HES , ^ fga poWn as farabove dull brutes endued In forest , brake , or den , is beasti excel cold rocks and brambles rude : Men , "who their duties know , jai know their lights , and , kno-wing , dare maintain Present the long-aim'd blow And crash ike tyrant -whSe they lend the chain ;

      Thus constitute a state : ind sov"reign Law , that state's collected will , O ' er thrones and globes elate fiiia Empress , crowning good , repressing ill ; Smithy her sacred frown , fig Send l > issention like 3 vapour sinks , And e'en the aU-dsEzdcg Crown Hides bis faint rays , and at her bidding « MnV « . Snclnras this heav ' n-lov * d Me , 55 an Lesbos iairer and the Cretan shore INo more shall Freedom smile ? £ hall BribonB langnUh and be Mes no more ?—Since ali most life resign , jbose sweetTewards which decorate the brave , 'TisrfolJy to decline , JLad ^ esl inglorions to the silent grave . Sir William Jojm

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      THE LESSON OF THE LOUVRE . It is said that Bonaparte , when in the zenith of his power , walking one day with Dsncn in the Louvre , Bnd tearing him siy , that a statne which both admired was iramartal , inqcir » d bow long it wonld last ; to which 3 > ajon answered , probably a thousand years ; he said , "And is this whai"yca csn call immortal T " Es stood amidst the prosdest spoils That eyer warrior won , Where brightly leD the parting smiles Of summer's setting sun Upon his country Vlouvre , Whose glorious solitude TTss shared by one that well might share A monarch's loftiest mood .

      Aronad him stood the matchless shapes Of Grecian song and thought , Whose glory time conld ne ' er eclipse Bj all the change he brought—The scenes of splendonr , love , «» rt power , Which aft or . genius' hand Had giTcn to jalace , fane , and tower , Or East or Western land . Oa canY 3 S bright and marble f «? r That hsaghty glares was thrown ; Bat long it paused innpture whtre One stately statue shone . *• It is immortal ! = said the sage : " Throcgh time , and change , and tears , That form win last nudimmed by age , A thousand glorious yean V The gazer turned with kindled eye And smile of Singly scorn : " Is this the immorality

      To which our hopes were born ? The arm of every restless heart , Oa wOdest wave and coast ? The patriot's dream , the poet ' s -part ; The sage and warrior ' s boast *! " Was it for this the nations grew Sd gnat in power and fame ? Ana earth ' s unrivalled conquerors , too—Was it lor this they came * Is this the purchase and reward ] Of all &e countless cost Which Hope hath given , which Time hath Ehared , Which Life and Lore have lost ?

      " O ! mighty were the deeds of men , yVfiPTV Tinman faith Was Strong . To Sing on Pdmo ' a bright altar then The spoils of aword and song , -Tor some , as saintly aages say , HaTe offered there the bliss And glory of Eternity—And was it an for this ?" So spake the Sno of Gallic fame , When o ' er his glory ' s noon , Ko dimly-distant shadow came , Of doads to burst so soon . Bu * o ' er that crowned and lanrel'd brow There passed a shade the while Thit dimmed the dark eye ' s haughty glow , And qusnched the scornful smile .

      Perchance his memery wandered back To Egypt ' s deserts vast , Across whose sands his conquering track It 3 early glory cast ; Where long-forkikendUes rose , And temples -sculptured o'er With tales and deeds of other days , Which man might read no more . Psrchsiaee , like him whose minstrel art His own sad rtq-aifcm rang , Some prophet chord in that deep heart With answering echoes rung lo words that o ' er its silence swept With ^ afk and boding power : Ah I well if Memory's page had kept The lesson of that hour J Frarxes Brmca

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      SPAI 2 ? XN IS 43 . Bascklosa . —I hasten to Barcelona . The approach to this city prepares one for the magnificence of its interior . Beautiful villas tailed Torres , from the bel-TiderEs or towers with which they are surrounded , regularly bunt Tillages , and crowded roads , tell the tJaffeUer that some thronged haunt of civilised man is lesr . And when he arrives he is net disappointed . : Tfcere ate few cities that 3 know which have a more ! bestiiifn 1 . appearance than Barcelona . Its many towers j iii regular fortifications , and its TsstneES , give it a most j nspGiirg air on the FXterior , and with the number and - beauty qI the promenades , the regularity of the new streets , the whiteneasand elegance of thB houses , msny of which are ornamented with fresco on the whole froEt , and most ef them furnisbtd with balconies ; and . ^ fiEaUy , the great cumber of well-drtssed persons among th& crowded population would justly entitle it to rank amozg the finest of the second class cities of Europe .

      Barcelona—so called from its founder , ATnilcuT Barca ; it was called by the Remans Barcino , and in MfcQ-sval latin , B&rdnena—from the days" of its Carthagenian origin has not ceased to be a town of commercial Importance . At present it contains b population of 150 , 000 , and unquestionably ranks as the second * ty in Spain in point of elegance , while it "is confessedly first in poini of commerce , manufcetnres ,- and industrial opulence . It is defended iy -sfcreng walls , laced -with baBtions , and sur-KBEded by wide and deep trenches , and a citadel of great strength is situated on its north-east extremity . { Tie military Importance of the place has , howerer / l * ea but too well proved of late to depend solely on the fot of ilonjnich , ft lofty promontory which jvte into & 8 sea , about a mile outside the south-eastern 8 > t& O » tfcs side of the sea the town is protectedby » wall

      d ttaigjfe and gigantic itnicLnre , called la Muralla del ^« r , the top of which ia one of the xnort feTourite jao-IEt i > ades of Barcelona . It fi four hundred feel in ks tfh , fifty-two ieet in iridth , and about tfa » ¦»*»• In ^ bi The town is airidfid into two WBegwl psrto * J the Bambla , which i * the Jume giren to i ^ wide I * Bsne , « promeiiade lined with trees , and- haying on *^** side paired street * , along which are some of the 2 ]» dpal d » p » - and hotel * The Rsmbla to of great - ** h , and onring " certain hoora is tb © day ii crowded * a the dense mass , cempased cf the Tarioas classes of - *• Jc ^ pnladoD , * nd amounting to aeTeral thojasanda . ^ 8 the Prado at Madrid , It haa always been the *** ie ground : cf rerolutiona , and bas . witneased many " *« W demonttraUon of CataldniantraTery andlash-~^ de-rctien to party , and loye of independence . Tbe i ^^^ are in stneraJ well paTed with flat , square j

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      Their loye of independence , though often misguided , yields before no terror . Bold , headstrong , rash , fearless , inexorable in their determination , implacable in their hatred , they atil ] bear in mind the deeds of their ancestors in 1714 , when such scenes were performed as could only be rivalled by those which were enacted in subsequent times in Saragosa . I allude to the famous siege of Barcelona , by the French general Berwick ( James Fitz-James , illegitimate son of James IL el England , but a naturalised enhject of France and distinguished general under Louis XIY . ) in-the war of the succession , when that city alone , of all Spain , stood by the fortunes of the house of Austria against Philip Y . TTben , at length , without commanders , and almost without a garrison , famine bad begun to' make its appearance among the besieged ;

      when the shells of the besiegers had set Bereral parts of the city in flimea , and the coifljgration was to a fearful extent gaining headj when breaches were mode in various parts of the fortifications , and hosts of women and ioys , who helped the men to fill them , were hourly swept away : ii was at such a moment that the chivalrouB Dao de Berwick , before coming to the assault , offered terms of capitulation . The Catalans would have no terms bnt death or their independence Fresh ramparts of human breasts "wbtb opposed to the fo «; and , finally , -when ihe city was reduced to ruins , a few only rema i ned to yield , long after further resistance had been ntterly hopeless . I saw the fiesesndants of those heroic citizens ready to re-enact the same deeds of desperate bravery , should the invasion of their rights again require it

      CaRTHagena . —Cartbagena , founded by Asdrnbal , snd celebrated in antiquity and in modern time ? , ia the chief city ef the modem province called after its own name , the chief port of the kingdom of Murria , and once the principal arsenal and naval station of Spain . Its harbour , or rather bay , which ig , I believe , unique in the world , is a basin surrounded by lofty hills , most of which are crowned with fortressesis of prefonnd depth to the very shore , and capable of anchoring the largest fleet in the world . The en--trance to it , which ii not much more than a cable's length across , is covered by a lorty islet called La Islota ; and the bay is protected fey the surrounding hillB from all the winds of heaven , being besides rendered impregnable" by the forts with which those hills are crowned . The ruins of a Moorish castle an the summit of a precipice in . the centre of the town , risiDg immediately above the splendid pile of building , called the Marine

      School , and the lines of elegant houses on either side , with the swelling hills beyond , give the town , from the bay , sn extremely picture * que and interesting appearance . Add to this the vast and magnificent arsenal and navy dcckB capable of meeting the wints of a great mercantile and naval empire . But wherefore boast now of the arsenal and dockyards of Carthagena ? I visited tb ^ m , and found in that magnificent arsenal two hills of gun boats hauled on shore , and mouldering into i - nst , and a small yacht , belocging , I believe , to the commandants's son ! The artillery yaTd was strewed with rusty cannon , lying in confusion , and in some places almost concealed with weeds ; two or three fishermen were mending a sail ; a few invalid mariners crawled about the broken pavement ; and a single cirpenter ' s hammer , doing some despicable job jn a rained shed , echoed through the long ranges of empty stores .

      Modern Spakish Scclpttxe . —with the exception of some modera things , the works of Spanish sculpture are executed in timber , or in a peculiar species of clay that hardens sufficiently without the action of fire , and are all painted so as to imitate the natural colours of the objects represented , such as the nudo , drapery , < fcc This at first may appear very barbarons in the eyes of a foreigner ; but when yon overcome your repugnance sufficiently to examine the works minutely , you are astonished at the precision with which they are executed , and at the artistic design and slegant natnral folding of the drapery , &c , which some of them display . The painting , too , is often so good as really to be a merit in itself .

      Mabia Chejstisa . —The character of the Queen Mother , Maria Christina , has been much canvassed , and I believe that the impression left on the minds of the generality of people , with respect to her , is not a very favourable one . The manner in which her connection with Muncz commenced , has been thus related to me t-r-A retailer of tobacco and sxreif in the insignificant town of Torrejon , about ten miles from Madrid , having some money and a great deal of vanity , and being able to show , by sufficient documents , his descent from certain hidalgos of Castile , nothing would content him until he hail procured the enrolment of his son among the royal guard of nobles . His neighbours laughed at him at the time , bnt in the sequel the tables were

      turned , and the laugh changed tides . It happened some short time after the death of Ferdinand TIL , in the winter , I believe , of 1834 , that news was brought to Madrid , that the Queen ' s favourite summer retreat at La Grasja was on Era The news reached in the evening , and Christina insisted on setting out immediately for the scene of destruction , to ascertain with her own eyes the extent of the injury inflicted on a spot she loved so much . La Gran j a is seventeen ' Spanish leagues from Madrid , and the road thither crosses the Sierra de Gu&darraraa , which , it was explained to her Majesty , would at that time be impassable for the royal equipage , owing to the snow ; but no obstacle or argument could induce her to change her mind , and the royal cortege was soon en the mountain road . As was to be expected , the Qneen ' s carriage broke down , and her majesty was in some dapger untD she was puKed by a strong arm through the carriage window , and found herself reposing

      on the bosom of young Muncz , the tobacconist ' s son , for it was he who had been lucky enough to extricate his royal EnBtiefis . Having neither fortune nor education , Mnncz had hitherto remained unnoticed among the guards ; but dating from this fortunate incident , his career from rank to rack was wonderful , and soon began to excite suspicion . He had a handsome person , and it soon became obvious to all that he had won the affections of Maria Christina . A country curate , without learning or abilities , but wha belonged to the same lucky village of Torrejon , now made his appearance in Madrid , aid people stared with astonishment when they aaw him in a few days , raised to be priest of the privileged church of Buen Lucesso , Canon of Toledo , Dean ,, if-i remember rightly , of Oviedo , and elevated to other church dignities which I don't recollect People now said that Christina was married to Muncz , and that the curate from Torrejon kad been Bent for , as a confidential person , to perform the ceremony .

      The Queen-regent was so blinded by her affection as to take the handsome guardsman cut with her in her carriage , and madly expose herself , without any restraint , ' ¦ to public obloquy and indignation . J Espasieho . —The character of Espartero , like that j of every public man , will of coutsb be variously tsti- j mated . Hib britf connexion with the ExaltadoB has , ¦ ¦ in the opinion of many , rendered hiffl responsible for { the crimes of that party . No doubt he sanctioned many \ of the unjust acts of the Exaltado statesmen . And by ' Mb measures against Barcelona , his massacre of the ' Christino generals , and his wanton and profitless bom- ' bardment of Seville , he has Bhcftn himself capable of excessive cruelty : but it is probable that fee never

      intended to extend his friendship for the Exaltados ' beyond his approbation of their constitutional principles , as opposed to the conservatism of the Moderados ;; and it is not likely that bis namB will descend t » poste- ; rity , as that of a great , bad Bian . Adopting the words I of a French writer , to whem I have already referred i —the military character of the Dnke of Victory ; amounts just to this : that he is a soldier of ordinary j capacity , that his military caTeer is distinguished by no i great strategic combination , indicative of extraordinary ; talents r that he has the good and bad qualities of bis country , for be is at once an intrepid man and a boaster , irresolute yet persevering , a great lover of little means ; : and that he is blessed with patience and contentment in the highest degree .

      ; Up to the period of the revolution of La Granja , ] Espartero was only known be a military man . He , then , j > for the first time mingled in politics , but his career as a t j stateEEisn csn be scarcely * aid to have commenced until ! ! the very eve of his accession to the regency . His acts , i however , since that time have fully proved that he is j no statesman . He carried with him , into the manage- j i ment cf public affairs , all tiat indecibion of character . I and fitful energy which was exerted only by starts ; and ] i instead of dtvotiDg his whole time to the arduouB duties ; I lor which he was so badly fitted , he spent his moiniDgs ! J in bed , ylaying cards with Jus ministers , and bis days I in cnltivaliDg flowers on the terraces of the Bnena Vista , i A few months since he held in his hands tfee destinies j I of Spain ; whether vanity acd ambition , with the temp- j I tation of oppoitunity , might Dot feave led him to assume i j the title even of emperor was uncertain ; yet , we find , j him to-day lodged in an exile ' s home imid the smoke i land fors cf Bel crave-sanare ! I

      Spanish Xttleteer . —The menntain road ! iom \ Vfrltz and Albania was that which was selected by a Belgian fellow . traveller and myself ; and we , accord- j ingly , had an nsteiview with Pepe Larzs , the chief ordinsrio , cr snuleteeT on that road to arrange abont his icuies for the jenmey . Pepe has amBEfed a tolerable I fortune by hiB calling , trd at first sight , one might be ! more inclined to talnte Lira us an alcalde mayor of the oldtn time , teen to treat with bim abont ibe hire of a mule . He was dressed in the very pitk of Andalusian fashion , wearirg a richly embroidered waistcoat , » round jacket crutDieiitefl with a profusion of silver tassels , en ample girdle of-crimron rilk , boots of light '

      brown leather covered with ccricus woxkmaBshipj and his loose calgones rencbixg a little below the knees , and secured , along the Bides with silver cording and tassels , were partly open towards the bottom , so as to disclose a second garment of similar , but finer "workmanship , which fitted tightly to the person . Add to this , a tall , well-made portly figure , with an intelligent countenance , marked with the solemnity of the national character , and that reriens sir wbith remits foem sit active life of about fifty sumaers , and yom will have an idea of Pepe Linn , certainly sot a man with whom one could higgle abont a very small sum In the hire of his mules . '

      Spanish Ihks . —In Alhsma we alighted at the Posada Grande , irbich might literally mean tber head inn j and as it is a genuine specimen of a Spanish inn of that class , let the reader compare It with the " hotels " of his own country . * In the first place wndetatf the grand entrance , and found ourselves , still a caballO r in = tbe great saloon of the hotel It was paved just in the same fashion as iue street , and was very long in proportion to iia - « ldHu Ai the extremity , nearest

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      the entrance , were half a dizen ; &omc # s ( asses ) regaling themselves on Borne rough fodder , and at the other cad was the fire , round which sat a group of dark figures , some of whom were concealed from time to time by s cloud of smoke , as a handful © f green twigs was occasionally cast into the flimes . : Having dismounted , the mules , anorting with satisfaction , found their way Into an inner apartment , where young Lacz » saw them well cared . For my part I proceeded to make my way towards the flrej but in . doing bo I nearly atumbled over some black object on the floor , which I perceived to be a man enveloped in his capa , and sleeping on a couple of empty bagB spread on the hardrough

      pave-, ment The fire blazed on a large square hearth , raised a few . inches above the floor , and at a distance from the wall , so that persons were enabled to ait round it , some on forms , some on blocks of stone , &c , that were plaoed as immoveable Beats behind the fire . ; and the smoke was received by a kind of bell-mouthed chimney above , somewhat in the same style as we find in mud-built houses in Ireland . An old peasant civilly made room for me on the stone seats behind the fire . Here , -when the smoke chanced not to take my side , I had an opportunity of surveying the groups around . There was no laughter or loud conversation among them , and our entrance seemed not to have in

      any way given a new direction to their attention . The old ntan near me , seeing that we were wat , said that he had come np the mountain from La Mala , and had met no rain ; when ansther beyond him observed that he had come from Lcja , and that it rained on him the greater part of the day . Thia changed the conversation to the relative advantages of mountain and valley ; and I , having nothing to say on the subject , turned to address myself to a rough-featured , bnt good-humoured looking woman , who sat next me on the other side , and was busy drying the skirt of her gown , or rather of her * barquendo' or petticoat , into which the rain , which she had evidently received in abundance , had gradually been drained . Air ' attempt , bowever , at conversation with her was hopeless ,

      She conld not understand my halting Caatilian , which in her eara was only Algarabia , that is , either Arabic or jargon , nor I her Qranadine patois . Among the company at the other end of the hearth were two gypsy-looking men , with small dark eyes , bronzed faces , and their heads enveloped in red kerchiefs , the ends of which hung loosely behind . When they spoke it was only in -whispers , and they cast such penetrating and withal suspicions looks about , that I fancied they could tell the exaet number of duros that I had in my purse without counting them in the nsnal way . How naturally these fellows could have played the part of Fra Diavol » s suspicious-looking companions ! The scene was now enlivened by some most appropriate music A fine dark-eyed young fellow , who sat beyond

      our gipsy friends , and had been for some time tuning his rude guitar , at length commenced one of the wild airs of the south . The execution on the guitar consists fef little more than sweeping across the strings , with the backs of his flngtre , while with the tbumb he continued sounding a particular cord , alternately in a high and low key , as if it were no more than beating time in a kind of allegro or lively measure ; but the vocal part any thing fcut gay ; and seemed to me to resemble perfectly the songs of the Bedouins . Perhaps I might also compare it to the Keena , or " funeral cry , " as it ts heard in the West of Ireland , although it had not so mueh of compass and melody . The singer employed only a few high notes , whieh he modulated with a tremulous tone , occasionally descending a few notes ,

      and rarely coming down an octave ; and in the intervals of the seng , which were long and numerous , he still continued to measure time by striking the strings of the instrument in the same monotonous manner . That the song was not a merry one , was evident from the countenance of the listener ? , on which it produced an expression of deep and serious gratification , absorbing the whole attention of the company , with the exception of what was bestowed on her culinary employment by a young , sun-burnt girl , who was cooking some pasta with onions and garlic in a pan that she held over the fames by means of a long handle ; whilst two or three assisted her in breaking twigs from larger branches to feed the fire . Even the supper and the fire were partiy neglected for the impassioned and plaintive strains of the young mountaineer which Beamed " to be the memory of joys that are passed , pleasant and mournful to the soul ; " and for my part , although I bad acquired a tolerably good appetite , in crossing the Sierras all

      day , the invitation to supper , which called me away from that scene , to the cold and cheerless apartment , reserved for caballeros of distinction up stairs , was scarcely welcome . Au rests , I may add that the supper I was thus summoned to was not the most inviting . The first course consisted of eggs fried in bitter , rancid oil ; the second of sallad , prepared with the same oil , which would rather seem to have been extracted from the gall nut than the olive ; and the third course , or dessert , was no more than a few . rotten oranges , for all the good fruit had been sent to Malaga for exportation . The woman ot the house was greatly surprised tbat two of us could not have managed with a single knife , but she was still more shocked at our unreasonable demands when we a&ked for a second drinking glass . I was equally surprised next morning when I found that for a bad bed iu a cold room , and most wretched fare , the intrinsic value of which could not have been two-pence , we were obliged to pay what waB equivalent to more than three shillings each .

      Doikgs at Malaga . —I have heard it boasted of as a feat of prowesB , by some foreigners in Malaga , that they returned alone to their hotel from tbe theatre ; but I have ventured to do so myself repeatedly with impunity . One night , however , after having so returned , I witnessed a scene which w < uld have made me reluctant to < 3 o so again . 1 had just retired to rest in the hotel or Posada de Darza , in the Pkzi de los Moros , when I was induced to look out of the window by an altercation outside . I saw but three persons in the street ; one of them a military officer , calling his opponents ladrones and assasBlns ; and the others , two men who stood a few paces from the efficor , returning tbe compliment with such epithets as p tero , pesettio , picaronoz ) , ic The officer said he was armed , and would shoot tbe Brat man that dared approach him . The others said they -were armed too , and were not afraid of him ; and one of them , opening a large knife , made an attempt to close on

      the military man , but was shot dead on the instant The other ci rilLui , who was still several paces away from the officer , shouted furiously , and was coming to the assault with a pistol in one hand ; and knife in tbe other , when another shot from the officer seemed to take effect , for he dropped either the pistol or the knife , and raD . Dnring this scene , several personB were looking on from the balconies , although it was near one o ' c ock ; and some called to the efficer to run for bis life . Some serenoB or watchmen came came up , however , with their balberts and lanterns , and were about taking the officer off to prison ; but he refused to stir until tbe piquet arrived , and he bore witness to the fact that the dead xoan still grasped a knife in his hand , and that tie homicide was committed in self-defence . The next day the officer was to be seen walking about the streets of Malaga . — Wanderings in Spnin , by H . Havtrty .

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      * The Fenda , the Posada , and the Venia , are three different classes of inns which are to be found in Spain . Of these the Fonda is a real hotel , as the traveller is there provided with food and lodging ; in the Posada the latter accommodation only is afforded , and anything in the way of diet is provided either by tbe traveller himself , or sent for by the owners of the house to some neighbouring provision shop . Pinally , the Venta is a house where < liet and a bed are supplied , both generally , of the very worst description , but the venta is always situated by the road side , and not in any town or village . Many of tbe ventas in Spain are walled in like fortresses , aiid loep-holed for musketry , and they are generally seme of ihe gloomiest buildings imaginable .

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      "' THE RIGHTS OF PROPERTY !" A BOSKETS PETITION TO THE HOUSE OF COMMONS . Mat it please tour honourable House . — Tonr petitioner as a born Donkey , approaches you with a peculiar ecnfideBce , knowicg the indulgence with wLich you are sometimes prone to listen to tbe words of his fellows . It wculd be the basest ingratitude in him not to feel a lively faiih in ycur consideration , seeing with what tenderness , with what tolerance , tbe tribe of asses is frequently treated by your honourable body . Indeed , how much of the history of Parliament is no other than tbe indirect history of the ass !

      How frrquently , too , do many illustrious members of your House , defpairiog of rising to sny sublimer height of eloquence , content themselves with imitating "the sweet voices of my fellowB "—how moDy , not to speak upon any question , can , nevertheless , { occasion serving ) bray upon all ! Hesce tm I , & donkey , emboldened to approach your Honourable House , feeling that I already possess within it many sympathising friends , admirers , and advocates ; whore whole lives have , indeed , been so closely asBOdated with my interests , that their names and my own have been pronounced as one . Indeed , and indeed , tow often have M . P . and A-S : S . met in the same inditie " ual 1 _ . . . , _ . kn to

      It having , therefore , been made own me by an Intimate friendfrom among ycur body , tfeat a Bill ib now before yonr Honourable Hccse for the purpose of legalising the Enclosure of Commons a » d Waste Langs , and thereby depriving poor men's asseB , cowb , geeee , fowls , &C of ' " their "fcoxn rights ,- ^ jour Petitioner , with respectful humility , prays that yon will again and agate consider lhetzue pfcjeptofsnch ; measure , ere yon shall give it to the mischief of a law . ; The rights of property ! Consider , Gentlemen , the solemnity of these words—digest tbe awfol meaning ^ the syllables . - Does not your Honourable House , to its deep devotion to the words , transport forgers , burglars , and pickpockets ? " Does it sot read them even fa a cotton pocket-handkerchief , value fonrpence t Indeed , is there anything beneath the sky , that Is not , by the jhilor sopbj of Parliament dignified , made lacred , by the syllablss ?

      . .. . ; Do not lardlordB * bam inn alwmf'wtth ¦ "» gnt of property" B-trked in their tkins ? Are not tbe syllables among the golden plumage of the pheasant ? Lurk they not in the sober feathers of the partridge t Grow they not in every " piece " of ttif— en every hedge ? And if , indeed , " Rights cf Property" is not to be read In the eternal tut , moon , andBtsxs , ifcia only because ,

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      unfortunately , an Act of ^ Parliament will not reach them i fS ^ SS ^ - . '^ gsi ' ¦ ' ¦ - : Then is it by the devotion , tfee religion of your Honourable House to "Rights of Propety" that you * Petitioner conjures yon to respect them , when vested in thejpoer man . ^ The common is his birthright ; it is one of the few spots ^ r this planet left by the shamefaced humanity of grudging wealth to the poor . « The Bights of Property 1 " May it please your Honourable House , for a brief breathing-time , to give ear to , ponder upon , aBd take to heart the « Rights of Poverty !" of

      Very many Jour Honourable House were born heirs to lands . Thousands of acres acknowledged ye , at your first baby wail , their lords and masters . " Rlghla of Property , " in a golden halo , shone around your 2 *^! M ' t ? u '" aboat and loud was the rejoicing at the birth of the young heir . Ale-caBks foamed—whole oxen roasted at the fire-Une flesh pota were set before all comers—and the whole neighbourhood made merry at the glad event of the luoky babe , for wfeom cornfields waved thet * golden treasures—to whom ten thousand oaks bowed" homage I Kay , the domestic animals—so ola wives have declared—showed strange sympathy with the human happiness around them . The turnspit at the fire did its duty , as it Were a labour of love—the peacock on the lawn screamed a note of triumph , and showed the glory of its tail with new delight . And all these doingg , sounds and sights of merriment , were the proper , the customary homage to the "Bights of Property . "

      Your Petitioner ' s master waa born when your Petitioner was a rough , happy , milk-Bucking fbai . He waa the sixth child of Robin Hedgbstakb . farm-servant and day-labour , Who dwelt in a small cot on the edge of Gaggle Common . Robin had a bit of garden-gtound , which , at over-hours , tie cultivated , growing therein most miraculous cabbages . Besides hU garden , Robin had his right of Common ; and partook sufficiently of that right i * the persons of my mother and myself , five geese and a gander , and I forget the numbor of cOcks and hens . It was a fine thing to Bee Robin sometimes stroll upon the Common , treading the soil with the happy air of a proprietor . He had at least one bit of

      land from out the whole earth ; he , blmsalf , was born to his piece of turf—he had his right—the "Rights of Property , " as inalienably bis , as the laud won or stolen at the Conquest waa the right of the squire . Robin might g » zo with allowed complacency at his geese , fattening upon Ms land—his she-ass and foal cropping his grass . If he was not a lord of the soil , he was at least tbe owner of a patch of Common I And his last baby , too , the Bixth—he , too , was born a landholder , and would have hisasa , his geese , his fowls , picking their scanty food from the same earth that bad helped to feed their progenitors , who shall say how many generations upwards .

      Your Petitioner has heard with dismay that it ia the pnrpose and intention of your Honourable House to deprive all present and future peasantry of the rights enjoyed by such as ROBIN Hedgestakb . Your petitioner cannot , however , give full credence to this rumour , knowing the intense devotion to your Honourable House to the " Rights of Property ; " knowing , that in defence of suoh rights you have banged tertB of thousands ; and , at tbe present time , have in New South Wales , at the Bermudas , and on board of English bulks , other thousands of living felons , witnesses of your devotion to the high principle . Is it likely that your Honourable Houoe , that hangs and transports tbe poor thief , would * in its turn , filch from the pauper 1 Your petitioner , even as a donkey , cannot believe it

      Had Robin Hedgestakb driven my mother and myself into the pastures of the landholder , certain it 1 b , the same Robin would have been put in tbe stocks —my dear mother and myself clapt in the pound—and heaven , or at least the parish attorney , only knows what further punishment might have been wreaked upon the evil-doer 1 And is it possible that the aforesaid landholder ahull be permitted , under any plea , to enclose the poor man ' s common—to deprive his goods , his fowls , his ass , of their very birthright ? Shall the poor man have no piece of earth that be can call his own ? Barred as he is from tte enjoyments of tbe rich , caged aa he ia by a hundred necessities , shall he net—even like b prisoned lark—have one bit of turf , wheTeon he may give blithe utterance to his spirit ? Shall the " Rights of Property" be a carol only far the rich , snng to the chink of money-bags ?

      Robin Hedoestake . was an honest , worthy soulhis siHeck frock to him as honourable as the fine Saxony of his landlord . Member for the County . Yet , allow your petitioner to suppose a ca « e . Permit him for a moment to picture Robin Hedgestake as a thief . Yes ; Robin has broken into bis landlord ' s stable , and defrauded his hunters of their hoy and oats . Robin ' s ass . and poultry have devoured the stolen goods . In the good old hempen days , certain it is that Robin would have Buffered asphyxia for tbe felony—in common sessions phrase , he would have beep hanged by the neck until he ffirc dead ., In those better times , Robin would be transported : he would be a doomed felon for seven , fourteen years , or for life , according to tbe bile and the fine sense of "the Rights of Property" of the judge who tried bim . ' And serve Robin right , cry the laws ; wherefore should he , the varlet , ateal hay and oats ?

      And may your petitioner ask of your Honourable House , wherefore should you steal tbe poor man ' s pasture ? Wherefore should yea defraud his geese and poultry of their few hard-gained pickings ? Why rob his ass of a few mouthfals of short , hard grass—why rob him of his pungent thistle ? Your Honourable House will not do this , simply becsuso you have the power to do so . It is the wickeder work of man when he hammers might into right : it is—take your petitioner ' s and a donkey ' s word for it—unrafe work , too : for though it may seem to hold for a time , some day it is apt to snap , to the doing of much mischief to those who hammered it .

      Wherefore , your petitioner hopes your Honourable House will pause and ponder on the Enclosure of Waste Lands and Commons Bill , now before you , and ( provided that you legislate for the combined Right j of Property and Poverty too )—Your Petitioner will ever bray , Puncft . ADonkev .

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      many— % "B tDink " improbable that aa yet thisferce is large . Bat . here is the fact , and here' is the principle . Bore is a © dU ^* Force—a force paid secretly to anticipate crime . " ^ at forca mixes witti robbers , traders , tod gentlemen . a * can tE * e every form . It is a mantrerly and dramatic / orce- It can acjb in the drawingroom and the cellar , witb winning nature . Every costume becomes it . Tis t ! ie swell mob of the crown . One of its members apm&n the night with a gang of thieves , that he may send notice ] to the intended victim . We ask , will he noi get ] up the robbery oftener than he detects it ? Is it ] not natural he should ? He must be a man without principle or he could not be in such a force—he herds with villains ( to find Out crime)—he is sure to { become a double villain . ?

      The same night another of " the force" is in a jovial club , and another is visiting a country priest , and both hoarding loose phrases for some great " detection / ' A strong information is the " detector's" title to pay , promotion and all the honours of the force . Aye , the soldier ' s chevron and the soldier ' s medal are given to him who has convictions , not wounds , to scow . Humanity triumphs now ; we have universal peace societies , who proclaim self-defence , patriotism , and love criminal , if for them yoa draw the jsword—and the glories and the gains of war pasa over to the Detective Force , who fight with the swearing book .

      Look at Mornjd's case . A policeman disguises bimself as a ballad-singer , and induces a : printer to print sedition , and he finds a police magistrate to receive his informations , and to send that poor printer to gaol , to stand hia trial for sedition . The magistrate must have known how the crime was manufactured , or he would not have been dismissed . 'Twill be ! said— " He has been dismissed—ia not that enough ? " I 'Tia not enough . The system which produced his offa ' nee— the system that induced tbe peeler to get up the case , knowing 'twould ba received—and induced the " Resident

      Magistrate" to receive it , continues , and occasional punishment wili not reform that system . Besides , what has become of tbe policeman ? Is he still entrusted with power to beat and imprison bis countrymen ? Mr . Gray , too , we understand , Bays the cfiiir is not over . In the hall of the Fomr Courts 'tis said that he waa authorised by the " great irresponsible ' , " and that if he does not get as good a place as that now taken from him be will exptee the Government We hopo this report is wrong . ( Surely Lord Eliot will not compromise such an affair . \

      Take another case— M'Loughlin's . i He was prosecuted for Ribbonism , at the Tullamoro Assizes , but hia trial was postponed , because , as alleged , a principal witness , Rarlngton , was absent . Since the postponement , Rsvington has written a letter declaring that Constable Ogle endeavoured to persuade him to put Ribbon documents into the pockets of innocent men , tbat they might be arrested a » d prosecuted ! And for this we are told Constable Ogle ( what a gay name ))'' has been removed to another district , " doubtless to mend his band . ; Nor is the evil confined to the Police . It becomes fashionable , and they have imitators like other great men . We nil remember Dslahunt , who no reliBhed the pay he got in Cooney ' s case , that ; he murdered a child , and informed against ita mother far the offence . Detector Delahunt waa found out—blow many detectors of his class bring down their victims undiscovered ?

      In Siigo , last assizes , we saw a ibeggarman , who had got £ 20 for one informing job , proBfccuting a man for making him swear to bo a Rapealer . Fortunately , he bungled at the second attempt—he succeeded tfee first time . Then , at Adare , a man and two women—paid Police witnesses—pets of the " Resident "—burn Lord Dunraven ' s stables , have prepared circumstantial evidence , hid a blunderbuss in a man's garden , and had a list of victims . They were found out too ; but each of them bad sent men to gaol and exile at former assizes . The failure of some of these cases paly proves that many a case passes , and that a perjurer nnd a policeplotter requires some skill to practise safely .

      We need not now pursue these tacts . We seed net go into the trials at every assfz ; s in the South where the Crown witness in every mur . Ier case is an infinitely greater villain than any man in the doek , where , by his own showing , he is a murderer and ? a traitor . Nor shall we now touch the question , should rewards be allowed to be given for evidence , further tban to say that , in a civil case , such reward would disqualify the witness aa much as if he were a convicted perjurer , i Bat we do ask men of all parties to consider tbe facts we have stated—to look closely at the progress of espionage and detection on the Continent . If they do , we feel sure they will join in stopping this fearful spy system while it is yet possible to do so . — The Nation . }

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      British Guano is now being gathered from the Flaraborough CJiffs , in Yorkshire . ' Wakefield . —A Court of the Anoienfc Order of Foresters under the name of the * f Pride of Wakefield , " has been opened at the house of Brother George Senior , Nags Head Inn , George-street , when a great number of young men wherejinitiated into tho old-established order . A vote of thanks was given to the Officer * and Brothers of the Court Brave Old Oak , No . 1218 for their attendance in opening the Court , and also to Brother F . Virley for his very efficient services in establishing the present sooiety . Sudden Death . —A hog died ini our alley yesterday afternoon : we wish the Streat Commissioner to call and hold an inquest over it , and decide whether it is best to leave it hero for the sqssage makers ^ or to be removed to the river for the fish . —American Paper . )

      Dting for Love . —This is sneorpd at by philosophers , and considered a thing utterly impossible ; but the sentimentalists thiak differently . The Brantford ( C . W . ) Courier states that Mr . M'Leod , who , being prevented , at the altar , from marrying a young woman whom he loved , took sick and died on learning that she had immediately married another . — New York Sun . \ War and Murder . —When a single murder is committed in this country , a solemn inquest is held over tho body . A careful scrutiny commences ; minute evidence is brought forward to show how , when , and for what purpose , the fpul deed has been committed . If a strong case of suspicion be made out against any one , he is brought up tor trial before be then

      a jury of his couutrymen , and if his guilt clearly established , a heavier punishment awaits him than we would ever plead for ; his '[ time of probation is cut short , and ho is hurried from an earthly to a heavenly tribunal to answer for the crime . But whea the offender happens to be a Governor-General of India—when instead of a siagle vicnm , there are thousands—when whole cHies are laid in ashes , millions of treasure robbed from thp vanquished , and when , as in some instances still recent , the aged and helpless are massacred without mercy , then , in such a case as this , beset as it is with aggravated horrors , all inquiry or redress is refused . There is no inquest —no impeachment—no trial . Massacre becomes a subject of thanks—conflagration , of bell-ringingand at last the conviction is forced ; upon us , that the Governor-General of India , like the Sovereign of England , "can do no wrong { " But will a British public assent to this doctrine ? . Will the mass of

      Lord EUenborongh ' fl countrymen pronounce him thus immaculate ! And history—what ; will history say of the man , who , after pitting 14 , 000 Anglo-Indians against a still larger number of fierce Mahraitas , could retire with the ladiet beyond the range of the shot , till the carnage was completed , and the enemy driven frem the field , and then return to distribute oranges and other gifts to the writhing and lacerated victims of his policy ? But do not let ua be guilty of iajmtiw . Lord Ellenborough it not the only party to blame . He woatd Dover dare to commit such acts , if he were not supported by the government at homo —and the home government would not venture to grve higd countenance , unleaa [ supported by the Britisl ) House of Commons . And ; if thei ' -eleptonrof 'this qonutry stUl persist in sending men to Parliament , who will vote thanks to BOceessCul warriore " , and thepubliQ money to such purposes as those , we have nothing better to expect than that similar scenes will continue to be enacted . —Peace Advocate

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      t ^ rf ^^^ .- ^ i ^ ZTTZ that his Imperial Majesty . ^ .. £ a a vi 3 it to Her Kussias will arrive m this OOUO ^ '" he Emperor Majesty in the course of a few wedfe * * - [ preis expected about tho second week in M& 7 » . * pare him a Charivari . ] Thb Shblleys — We have to announce th

      gg Leabned Fhekch JocsNALrsTs . —A writer in the Constitutionnsl , one of the leading journals in Paris , states that tho Childe Harold of Lord Byron was an ancient Saxon king ! Another paper states that Gloucester is a large manufacturing city in Scotland ! A third avpw 3 that no Englishman , Irishman , or Scotchman , can open a shop , or sell confectionery or lucifer matches , without tbe authority of th Parliament or the Q ieen ! The "Vale of Avoca . "—At Lord " Wioklow ' s seat , in the Vale of Avoca , thera is a tree of the Oled paniailala , near forty feet high , a wonder to all the gardeners in the neighbourhood , and probably the only specimen in Great Britain , in the open , air . - fgHgij The Iron Duke . —The Duk 8 of Wellington , who continues in the enjoyment of excellent health , completed his 75 th year on Wednesday the 1 st of May .

      Wtre Bridge . — Wo learn from the America n papers that an iron wiro bridge , Bi ' xty feet lontr , haa been constructed across the Miami Canaal Cincinnati , at a cost of 1 , 650 dollars ; thia is the first bridge of this description erected , west of the mountains , and it is calculated that it will bear , with safety , a weight of 150 tons . Cobks . —A patent has been granted for securing corks in the mouth of bottles without using twine or wire aa at present . Two holes are in the neck of the bottle under the rim in a right line with each other . A metallic pin pointed atone end and turned round at the other ( so as to form a ring suitable for withdrawing the pin , when it is desired to draw the cork ) is passed through the holes and [ cork , thus keeping it secure in tho . neck of the bottle .

      WELCOsra to Nicjc . —Punch , speaking of the Emperor of Russia ' s viaic to England , says : —The news of this glad event has given delight to tho denizens of Newgate , who have petitioned the governor that they may , on the arrival of the emperor , illuminate at their own expenco the outside of the gaol with the touching word— " Welcome . " Hot-house grapes are selling at 15 s . per 1 b . in Covent-Garden market . The Eagle . ;—The following extraordinary occurrence took place on Friday at the barracks in tte Rue Mouffetard , occupied by the municipal guard . A large black eagle alighted on the roof , and remained for some time perfectly quiet . While the men in the

      barracks and a large crowd outside were watching the movements of the strange visitor , an officer went to thiB room for his gun in order to fire at it , but before his return the royal bird rose majestically towards the 6 ky , and , after hovering for a few moments , pounced suddenly down into one of the courtyards and then soared again with a young puppy in in his talons . The loud and shrill acclamations of tho numerous spsctators so far alarmed the eagles that , when at about a level with the roof , he dropped his prey and soared out of sight . The puppy fill into , the yard again but was quite dead , the eagle having mortallv wounded it in the neck with hi 3 claws .

      Good . —When Sir G . Mnrray attempted to excuse himself from taking offiee under the Duke of Wellington , on account of his inexperience in public speaking , "Pooh ! pooh ; " said the Duke , " do as I do ; say what you think , and don't quote Latin . " " Lights to Lights . " — -In the United Kingdom , a sum ot upwards of £ 20 , 000 , 000 is annually expended in the consumption of gas ; and in London alone , the sum paid to the several gas companies has exceeded £ 2 , 000 , 000 annually . Byron's Statue . —Daily inquiries are being made at the Custom-house , since the recent death of Thorwaldfton , after a statue of Lord Byron by this

      celebrated sculptor , and which is generally supposed to have been for years lying there in the vaults , unheeded and cast among the common lumber . " The beginning of thb end . —The followers of Prophet Miller have made a lodgment in Toronto , where they have lately erected a large wooden structure for public worship , and have even begun the publication of a paper , which they have styled the " ¦ Bridegroom ' s Herald . " While they announce tha immediate destruction of tho world by fire , they have it seems , contracted with the paper manufacturer for a whole year ' s supply for the Herald . —Montreal Gazette .

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      London Smithfield Cattle Market , Monday , April 29 . —The Beef trade was in a sluggish state . On Friday the currencies suffered an abatement from those obtained on Monday last of 2 d per 8 lbs ., and to-day no improvement on that amount of depression , was noticed , the extreme value of th . e best sorts not exceeding 3 s lOd per 8 lbs . With Sheep wo were by no means heavily supplied . Prime old Downs were in demand , at full prices ; but most other kinds hung heavily on hand . The Lamb trade ruled inactive , at barely last week ' s quotations . Calves at unaltered figures . Pigs at late rates .

      London Corn Exchange , Monda y , April 29 . — Fresh up this morning , we received a full average supply of Wheat from Essex ; but from Suffolk and Kent the receipts were comparatively small . The demand for English Wheat ruled somewhat inactive . However , the finest parcels found buyers , at prices fully equal to those obtained on Monday last ; but tbe value of the middling and inferior kinds was with difficulty supported . Fine Foreign Wheat at about stationary prices . In bonded parcels the rates were almost nominal . For Foreign Barley last week ' s figures were supported . Malt at last Monday ' s quotations . The best potato Oats at somewhat enhanced rates . In other kinds , not muoh was passing . Both Beans and Peas were held at higher rates .

      Borough and Spitalfields . —There has been only a moderate arrival of Potatoes at the waterside during the week , yet it has proved quite equal to meet the wants of ihe dealers . The best . qualitie 3 are in demand at very full prices , but in other kinds scarcely anything is done . Borough Hop Market . —The accounts which have come to hand from the hop districts represent the young bine as making considerable progress J but the presence of the insect is much complained of . The demand here for all kinds of Hops is heavy , yet we have no variation to notice in the

      quotations . Wool Market . —Since the conclusion of the public sales , a very moderate business has been transacted in this market , and prices have under * gone no change worthy of notice . During the week the imports have not exceeded 1 , 200 packages . Tallow . —This market is very steady , and considering the demand is so limited , prices are firm . There is very little doing in New Tallow . Y . C . for the last three months thia year 42 s ., and for separate months 42 s 6 d . Town Tallow is 40 s net cash . Liverpool Cattle Market , Monday , April 29 . —We have had a good supply of Cattle at market to-day , which was rather larger than last week : prices about the sam » . Beef 5 | d to 6 d , Mutton 6 Jd to 7 d per lb . Cattle imported into Liverpool from the the 23 rd to the 29 th April : —Cows 1119 , CalvesS , Sheep 3367 , Calves 458 , Pigs 5034 , Horses 2 .

      Liverpool Corn Market , Monday , May 29 . — The arrivals of Grain , Flour , and Oatmeal , into this port during the week , are of moderate amount . The duty on foreign Barley has advanced from Is to 6 s . per quarter . Retail sales to such of the town and neighbouring millers and dealers as might be ia want for immediate use , have cocstituted the principal transactions infroe Wheat , and the secondary qualities have been sold Id per bu&hel below the rates quoted on this day ge ' nnight ; the finer descriptions have generally been held without change in value . Flour has met a slow demand , at previous rates for home manufacture , but at a decline of 6 d . per barrel for Canadian . Oats have had a better sale ; several parcels have been taken for the country ,

      and 2 a . 8 d to 23 S £ d per 45 ibs . paid for best mealing % being id to Id per bushel more than waa obtainableon thia day se ' nnight . Oatmeal has continued dull of sale -at ' 21 s per 2401 bs for fine Irish . Barley ha 3 offered on rather easier terms . No change in the value of Beans and Poas . No transactions have occurred in the bonded market . Manchester Corn Market , Saturday , April 27 . —No material change was observable in the state of the trade during the week , a fair consumptive demand haying been experienced for the best descriptions of Flout at full prices , while stale parcels of middling and inferior quality Hare remained almost without inquiry , and barely supported their previous value . A moderate extent of business was

      done in both Oats and Oatmeal , at about former prices . At our market this morning all kinda of Wheat met a very languid Bale , but we cannot alUr our quotations .- The chief inquiry for Flonrjran oa Norfolk whites and Irish guperanee , choioe marks of which could not bs purchased at less than 43 s per sack : in other sorts no change can be noted * There were but few good Qata offering , and for such full prices Were readily -obtainable . Oatmeal was in verf moderate request , butiot cheaper . _ Richmond Corn Marketj April 21 . ~ vVe have a wood auooly or all kinds of Grain in our market i $ S . $ & * sold from 7 a ; to $ •»»?; - **¦*< : & S Sid ; Barley 4 s to 4 s U J Beana 4 a 6 d to H per bushel *

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      THERE IS BEAUTY ON EARTH . JHTRE is beauty on eirth ¦ wheresoever onr eyes "ilaj rest on the wonders that tell ol & god ; For glory and grandeur look down from the skies , And lovliness breathe * from tbe streamlet and sod : Bat , al » s for the poor J they are grievously blind To iha charms Tsiiichfcave lived sicee creation begun ; Iur . HETO' 3 ' and igncaancs brood e ' er the miad , As ths Enadows of "winter brood over the son . Jbera is plenty on earth ; for the sod that ire tread , In reward of our labonr , ia sterile no more ; Ihe "broad lands are laden with fruitage and bread , That all may sit down and partake of the rtore -. Jferf , alas fer the poor » they may pint , they may soir , Ibej "may gather the grain ann tbe KDage renew , Bet the Kessisgs ¦ which God haa seen good to bestow Are iorn from the millions to pamper the few .

      JSere is frssaom on earth , for a thousand glad "Kings In . ecstacy sweep o ' er the mountains and plains j 5 is light from the f onutain spontaneously springs The "winds kave no fetters , the "waters no chains : Jfexi , das for the poor I Ifrej are shackled thro * life , They are bondsmen , is "word and in action th * same Tbsj are Unied to the curse of toil , famine and strife ; And hope for the fntnre is all they can < -iann . A voicajpeaks within me , I cuutot control , Which tells of a time "when these ills shall depart ; "When fc > o'srled |; e ahall win its bright "way to the soul , Aaa beanty like musk shall soften the heart , Trhen plenty shall * vait on th 9 labour of all .

      And pleasure , irith parity , sweeten each honrj Whsilreedom shaai spnm degradation and thrall . And min rise exciting in virtue and power . Prince

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      THE SPY SYSTEM IN IRELAND . In the old story , the tyrant ' s sword hung by a hair over the rich banquet , and every morsel became foul nnd every cup bitter . But to bang the sword from the cabin rafter over the starving hearth is the deed of to-day . That , in pampered London , wealth should sacrifice liberty to the constable and the spy , is more shame than wonder . But our poverty should bava been sacred . 'Tis cot so . Here , in this " dear land" of ours , is espionage active , systematic , and avowed . On the police , wherewith 'tis connected , we shall not now enter . Spies and informers are no novelty in Ireland ; bat such spies and such informers as now exist here are

      new . i Tbe penal code could not have worked for a season without informers to : betray prieBtBj detect school , masters , prove horses to be worth over £ 5 , and note the recusancy of all whom avarice would fine or malice would imprison . The informer for a first reward became a spy for , the second , aud a perjurer and spy ever after . The reign of that trinmvirate of devils—Castlerengh , CaThampton , and Major Sirr—restored the spy department , which had retired before tbe Volunteers . It has existed ever since . We say it with a blush for oar country , we say it with scorn for the English rulers , that , under Liverpool and Peel , Percival aud Grey , the same system continued—the spy and the Informer were a prime part of the Irish Executive . Let no man deny it —there are proofs .

      These old spies were great men . They corresponded with the council , and dealt with state affairs , and since 1793 , rarely flew at a less quarry than a traitor . Moreover , it had declined , though it had not gone out . But tbe spies of oar day pervade every class , discover or invent every crime from treason to larceny , and perjure in every form , and at every price . The informers are all of a low kind ; or , at least , the proved informers are so . Tbis is a question effecting all creeds and classes .

      'Tis lifee poisoning thewells from which the community diict— 'tis infecting the atr which we all breathe in common . The Ribbonman and the Orangeman , the shopkeeper and the farmer , the tenant and landlord , the Protestant and the Catholic , can use espionage against each other . Tis no longer the inquisition of a aect- ^ 'tis no longer the servant of an aristocracy— 'tis a regular profession , independent of rank or sect . It serves for hire , spies for hires , perjures for bite . All men's gold is pleasant to it . l Loek at a few © f the cases lately proved .

      First , we have in the city of Dublin a Detective Force . We might stop here . Such a force is not authorised by law , 'tis tbe creation of the executivesuch a force iB contrary to the constitution , and such a force never yet existed long without destroying personal liberty . That force is avowedly here . It has the dignity of a peculiar ijaspeotor . Tbat we learn from the police reports . What its effective force is we do not and cannot know . We have not any return of how many are equipped in frieza coats and brogues to mix with men to the markets , to gossip with tbem on the roads—how many axe dressed as sailors' frequenting our quays to find treason in every skipper , and robbery in every cabinbey—how many are servants in ou * houses—ho , w many are mercantile travellers passing up and down in everycoacharid canal boat , and doiDgthefriendly to every

      excited man in an / inn . - jwe . saywiBjbay ^ return Of this ; but we have the authority of gentlemen who could BOt be mistaken , that In all these poaltlpns—aa peasants , bs farmers , and as travellers—these ruffian * of \ th > detective force are employed . 0 an anything be more frlghtfal ? Is there any invasion of civil liberty like this \ More tfean anght else wonld it drive men to vielenoe Nothing more galling to the pride , more rulnou * to tbe principles , or more blighting to the happiness of men can ke imagined than to feel that by your side as yo « travel , or on yonr track as you walk , ia , or nay be , some one- watching you . The bare spying ia horrible ; bat when you know that he is a spy , armed with power to hbo your least irregularity for your ruin—a spy filled with motives to invent a charge , if- tie has ft riot- —a spy who must make work' ^ or himself , if he does not find it —that—that is to be like onepossessed of a devil ¦ ¦ - We do not say that every man is under this . We do sot even say that many men are . We cannot tell h « w

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      THE LA . ND ! TO THE EDITOR . OP THE NORTHERN STAR . SIR , —I have much pleasure in congratulating you on the progress of political knowledge amongst the work-Ing classes ; and in the promotion of which the Star is an eminent instrument . I have been reading newspapers fox more than fifty years , and I do not remember to have been , more delighted with anything I ever read in them , tban I am with the articles on American affairs , which lately appeared in the Star . I have often felt astonished at the fact of a few men usurping an exclusive right to the entire globe of earth . It is truly lamentable to see millions robbed of the right which all human beings hold immediately from : their creator ;—a right to tbe free use of the earth , j Will any of the usurpers of the earth shew or produce their charter or patent from Qod to monopolize the earth i They cannot produce any but that of the highwayman . The people of America ; are right , and Ii wiab . them Qod

      speed . An act of Parliament cannot give right ; it may grant a power to prevent right , fcut the right always exists and will continue to exist white the world lasts . This is a Bubjeet wbieh I hope you will not lose sight of . AH the evils of tbe present system have originated in the monopoly of tbe earth . Had not Noah a right to use the earth freely for his support ? ¦ Had net his son the Bame right ; and his son also ; and where did that right terminate ? I defy all the usurpers on tbis earth to shew its repeal cr extinction . The ] right exists , and will continue to exist bo long as iis . giver exists , who was and will be eternal . And he is just and will punish the violators of his laws , if they do not repent in time . Read the awful denunciations of the prophets against all oppressors . I cannot find language to express my ideas on these subjects , and must leave them , being unable to utter what I think and feel . |

      I have taken tha liberty to trouble yon with these few thoughts for the purpose of encouraging you to persevere in the inquiry respecting the right to tbe earth , and the right of the labourer or worker to the proceeds of his labour . There is no other cure for the evils and the sufferings of sooiety . Nathaniel Gueaien , Monaghau , April 23 , 1844 . i

      ,. Tu Market Intelligence.

      ,. MARKET INTELLIGENCE .

      Untitled Article

      I ¦* " ¦" . ¦ , ' " [ ik ^ j ^ - NORTfliiRN STAR 3

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), May 4, 1844, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1262/page/3/