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" €i > e Condition of ^nslanfc j eattfStiott." • ?' Lstts grind the poor, and rich men mle-the law." !
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rffowfan rMofcenwnte.
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&ct &*mg, <E3flfeutf& £nctuc£t& $rt.
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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" €I ≫ E Condition Of ^Nslanfc J Eattfstiott." • ?' Lstts Grind The Poor, And Rich Men Mle-The Law." !
" € i > e Condition of ^ nslanfc j eattfStiott . " ? ' Lstts grind the poor , and rich men mle-the law . " !
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THE DAMNABLE GAME LAWS . 3 IFRDEB OF IBE M ± BQC 1 S OF If 0 RMAM 51 $ GaMEXEZPEE . —TOBK ASSIZES , MaBCH 151 H- —GzuTgt Lavrihfei , 37 . and M&akew Pearson , 23 , were charged vith the -wilful murder of John Melt , at Lyth , neaT "Whitfcy , in the Ncrtfe Biding , on the SO : h of January last . Lotrther -wascharged -withshooting the said John Mcffit , and Matthew Pesrson vcas charged with aiding and abetting in the said shooting . There was b 1 h > bsecond count in the indictment , charging both thb prisoners with being principals in the murder . Both the prisoners , whose demeanour was much cast down , in a iaint voice pleaded Not Guilty . Mr . Balnea and Mr . Phipps were counsel for the prosecution . Mr . "Wilkins defended Lowtfcer , and Mr . Blits defended Pearson . At the opening of the Court , the Mm qnis of ?» ormsnl-y toot his seat on the bench alongside " of Mr . Baron Roile .
Sir . Baines in opeBing the ewe requested the attention of the Jnry to the facts which he was about to lay before them , as well for the interests of the public as lor those of the prisoners which were involved in the issue of the trial . The deceased , John Miiffit , was th » liead-cameieeper to the Marq-aw of Normanby . and was a msn highly rerpected ; » nd the prisoner Lowther \ ras s labouring man , and the prisoner Pearson a fannserrant . On the Bight mentioned in the indictment , the gamekeeper and a party ^ f watchers were in- a wood near ilulzrave Cans , th « seat of the Marquis -ct
IT ^ rmanby ; and seeing the prisoners &rm = d wkh guns in puraait of game , they went np to them , snd the gamekeeper and one-el the watchers having got up to the two T&en , l < owiker said— " Stand b-j < Jt . " on ¦ which the watcher stoed back , but the , gamefeerper . being d » a . f , stepped on ^ owards Low ^ fcer . anci the latter levelled nil gun , shot Mofit in tbe abdomen , -cud in-Ccted a wound from ¦ vrblch the poor "fallow died on the following day . Lowther was taken nt the time anil txpressed no contrition for wh ^ t ke " had done . Pwwos "Was running away at "the time that Lowtber fired , but was apprehended on the "following day .
After witnesses tiad been called "to prove the case for ¦ the prosecution , ilr . Bliss addressed the Jury -on behalf of Pearson . Mr . Wilkins delivered a aoS eloquent a-i dress on behalf of the -prisoner X-ywtber . He -commenced by crashing to God , that some xasn of noble mind , aa Trell as of riches , amongst the aristocracy of this conntry , would step out oi the osnrse in which they had long fey-fashion and custom bean in thehabit of supportine the game laws , and that be woc-ld infnse into the laws of this counvry some of that Christian philosophy Ttpon which it was bowted onr laws were formed . Those laws were irrational , unnatural , and nu-Ghristian ; tht-y Were the means of tempting the poor—those wtio ofien liad not wherewith to feed the mouths of their starvinz
Trrves and families—and teen of punishing teem wiih great severity . They led to the commission of crime , and would do so tis lo g as they remained on the at- , tut * - book ; aud yet , gentltmea , for thr sake of ecj i \ ing •¦ a day ' s iporf' wonld still contiEue to support tfcos- la is , "though our Assiz : Courts are connnuaiiy ifFirdici ; the most conclusive evidence that those law ^ are the cause « f murder and of a vast deal of eriL TSose laws wi-re coBtrary to every principle of bnm * tiit 3—the ? were contrary to Christianity— and ibey were an infamous disgrace to this country of boasted Christianity—this country of the reformed religion . The Marquis of Nornanby had come from Ireland -with the blessiucs of the people of that country warmly be ?» owed npon him ; he deserved those compliments , and they must be a source Of prifle and gra . ufisa . tion to his Lordship . . He (> Jr . "Wi-kiii »> would be most huppy to see his Lordship , throwing aside preja lice , and giving fall and proptr scope to his feelugs of hmmanity—his Christian
feelings—use his talents and his i- fluence to "Wipe cnt of the staiote-book the Game Laws , of whose evil operation his Lordship had this paitfal proof on his own estate . He ( Mr . Wilkin *) did not make these remarks to justify the committal of psraonal vio 2 epca ; but he made it because those 3 aW 3 were the cause « f so much misery ; they were BO nrjost and bo disgraceful to us that the sooner they "Were abrogated the better ; snd until they w «_ re , w e should have the recurrence * t Each events as thai for » bich the pris-ners at the bar were connected . The learned Ccnnsel then went through the evidence , from "Which he contended there were good , and strong , and cogent reasors for concluding that that the firing had been accidental . Of course if the Jury thought so , or if they had » ny reasonable doubt in the case , they would give that doubt in favour of the prisoner . Several witnesses were called t » character .
Mr . Bliss called witutsses as to the character of Pearson . His Lordship then recapitulated the evidence with ^ reat minuteness . Tfce Jury , after an absence of ten minntes , retimed a verdict o ! Guilty against Lowthsr , and ^ oiGoiity against Pearson . His Lordship then proceeded to pass sentence on lowth ^ r . He said—Gror § e Lo wtber , you have been convicted on the clearest evidence ef an- offecce the highest of which one human being can be guilty toirards another—that of baviD ^ wiJ / olJy deprived a fellow creature oi bis life . 1 am bappy to say , that though 1 cannot hold out the smallest hope of any relaxation of yonr sentence ; yet 1 do trnst that at that great accosnt which you will Boon be called' upon to give , there may be circumsiances that will tend to mitigate the offence in the eyes of the All-teeing Judge , ^ rho can view it in a light that I can not . I belitve
the facts of this case are—tt 3 t yon were evngi d in an nnlawfnl occupation , and yon wers suddenly driveD by an impulse to deprive of life a person who might have brought yon to punishment for that illegal act I trust lh » t you had no preconceived intention , but the lnw Cannot dive into the human heart , as the Almighty Being , before whom you mutt shortly appear , will do ; and the law must take that as an intentional act Yi > n feave but a few days of life yet remaining to yon , and 1 eoigure you , by every consideraticn which religion and interest can ruggest , that you enrploy those ftw days in endeavouring to prepare for that awful change so soon to come upon you . It is only my remaining duty to pass upon you the sentence of the law , which is , that ¦ Jou be taken from whence you came , and thence to the place of txecuiion , and there to be hanged by the neck until yon be dead , £ nd yonr body to be afterwards buried within the precincts of the gaol in which yon vfl ] be confined snbs ; quent to your conviction . And snay the Lord have m = rcy upon your soul .
( His Lordship was much affected during the delivery of toe awful sentence of tfcs law , as was also the Prisoner , who was removed from the bar weeping bitterly . ) His Lordship , addressing Paareon , said that he hoped he would not pursue any illegal act like that of poaching , but would endavour to maintain Gut good character irbich bad > een given him that day . As there was ao further charge agaList him he was now discharged . POACHISG JLND GAME PK £ SERVI > S—An Old Tier thus writes to the Chuich and Stale Guztite . — " Upwards cf forty years txptrience has proved tie impossibility of convincing mj poor parishioners , in
four distantly placed parishes , of the sin of poaching , « r making them feel that "ihey bad broken a command of God wien they kiL ' ed hares which were destroying their garden ' s prodnce . 1 believe that all my rural brethren will agree with me , and also in the lamentable conclusion , that a labourer who once has been in gaol for such an offence is by that ruined , hardened , degraded , and yet thinks himself a martyr ; that he thence imbibes s rooted hatred to the lords of manors , and turns Radical- From this I would appeal to the gamepresuvtrs , and ask them , as Christians , * who are not to seek their own , but rather another ' s good , ' whether they can justify conduct which lays a snare for the conscience of a weak brother ? °
ACT OF PARLIAMENT BOBBERY . Lced Wosslei ' s Esclosuiie Bill . Lord TVorsiey ^ s Euclosnre Bill has passed itt secani reading by a msjoriry of 70 to 23 . It 3 success may therefore be deemed secure ; and our predictions of the favour ¦ which it was liktlj to obtain in the " Huuse of Commons have been amply confirmed . TThstevcr glos 3 people may attempt to throw over this bill—whaUivtr colour political economists may daub it with—the pith and substance of it is neither moie but less than to taka from the psor , and give to the rich . It provides facilities for deprmng the rustic poor of those vested rights which are as sacred and as dear to them aa bis title deeds are to the richest noble in the land . It furnishes means and appliances whereby the privilege of depasturing his solitary cow upon the common land of
hia native village may be wrested from the poor but independent peasant , and transferred to wme cpulent neighbour . It pampers avarice at the expense of honesty , and enriches pride with the spoilB of th » defenceless . And the injury which it inflists is aggravated by the insult of a pretended boon ; for it professes to award the privilege of election to those whom in tffVct it debars from having an j voice in the assertten of their claims . Nor do its advocates rely upon any of its merits bo much at on that which we deem to be its greatest vice—the economy with which it proposes to ± x ? cute its works of injustice . At present the expense of an Enclosure Bill is a grand impedimer . t to rural apoliation ; but let Lord Worsley ' s BIO pass , and the poor man will have lost one more protective support , beside * thoat which hive already b « en taken from bin .
TT « do not Md » wtaad what pretext * itber ptrty In fee Horns * c&s alleft for their reception of this measure She Free Traders , indeed—the political economist *—ihs men who look on their fellow-creatures ai so many pawn * o ; puppets ,- to move aboit ai they list , or to fcsrn into machinery for the creation of wealth—they Xttight sot be supposed to entertain any snperstitisiu rsverence for the feelings or the prejudices of the peasant- But they support the bill , if for any reason at alL for this reason—that it will tend to enhance the employment of labonr in the cultivation of corn land . Bnt this is directly ppoted to the declamation with which they have frequently edified vast bodies of their fellow-country men , in teaching them , to believe that there is already too much poor land in cultivation , and JhM m « pmH rertion of that ob whirf . »)> - » «— - —
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srrown might to be converted into pasture . We must not , however , expect runch eonsisteD . cy of reasoning from these gentry . But low can we explain the patronage extended to the proposed measure by the landed , gentry -the Pro- ] tcctiouists—the respecters of vested , lights—the denoan-1 cers of spoliation—the men wh ^ o ray that England ; already grows too much corn f t Tepay the outlay of capital in its production , and that the cultivation -of wteat ought to be retrenchei to enhance its price per quarter—the men who pathe tically implore the natkn to respect , in their personi , ' iht rights and privileges of the British labourer ? Ho w can we explain thh huge incousUrency t How can -weocplain thesanctian given by the gr ^ at Protections x class in the House of Comrnnns—with some hone arable exceptions , swh as Col ! Siblhoip and Colonel ' ^ / food—to a proposal which cuts j at the root of all pr jtectton ? Alas for poor human i nature ! lnconslsten gj is not confined to one party in i the Senate .
Well , we suppose , this bill will pass lifee many others of its class . Some f xe too careless , other * too crotchety , , others too pnilos- jphical , to bother themselves about a ; matter so trivial as the enclosure of some hundreds of j thousands of poor seres belonging to poor men . The s acres will be f ^ jdosed , and the poor bereaved of the . remnant of tb eir rights ; and neither of the partieB to . tbis grc . <« act t . f injustice will tbinfc the worie of each : other for it . < 0 n the ex-Btrary , they will both continue , ¦ « s heretofore , to bespatter one saother with mutual " rtcrimiuation for ill-treatment to the poor in matters ' t not oue tithe so flagrant as this . The agriculturist will ; continue to revile tbe millocrat for bis oblique persecu-; tion of tbe labouicr in his attempt to deprive
agriculture » f its due protection . Tbe manufacturer will retort bis own vituperative slang npon the "landlord fntttns-d with tbe blood of famishing millions ; " while tfee poor man—peasant orartzv : —tebbed of his rights of common—driven from the health-inspiring heath which he once regarded as bis own—spoiled of his jointt nancy in the franchise of tracis ill-cultivated and ragged , but with which h * identified ;* notion of property and » B&ntinieiit of independence—and thrust b-itk into dn « : y roals or Emoky alleys—will , while he rri-ards the trim plantations and the new enclosed pasturts of liis arisUtcratic or millocratic neighbour , with a scowl of sn . icn envy , cry "A plague upon both your houses . "— Tittifs .
[ In reUrouce to this Spoliation BUI , the Times of Monday baa the following from a Well-known writer and philanthropist ] : — Sir . —The poor man ' s last stake in the country was ^ wrested frum biru on the 14 ; b inst . in the Susse of Common *; no * indeed , by viultnce , but through the bullow pretence of nmiing him employmest and giving him compen » si 5 i » n , by railing off a niursel of bis common right , that he migkt usb the scanty plot " for his health and recreation . " Fine words truly ; " the good worts , good cabbace , " of Faisitff . He is to exchange the breezy dow . s , tbe furza of tho healthy common , for a space . perb * ps r ^ mou from his habitation , walled in and cran-pea like a pound .
By this act the labunrer is completely severed from the land . He csn never hope again to place his foot npon aty space that shall not call sorntbauy master . The wurk i ; f dispossession , which baa been advancing during eiehty years , is compute , st-cure . 6 naL He that bad mucb , feas Hn , r «; he that had little , has nothing . The suff-Tanc * and usage which fe < l bis pig or his dt «' jkey , und whi ^ h enabled him to keep the wolf , Want , at some distance from his dour , is aboli . * htd—he himseif d : sc <; D ! eBtt ) d and disaff--ct « l , his heart ulcerated , and his hand ready for tbe torch .
1 csul tb . se pretences hollow , because it has been entirely suppressed that tbe waste lands taken from tbe extremely poor , and bestowed npon the very rich , are productive in their present state : for tbe best authority on this bead , Mr . Cowling , returns them as yielding an annual sum of almost £ . 2 . 000 uoo , which is little less th ^ n £ 2 an acr a It is not very likely tbat they will yield much mow than this , -wtien e . v « y peor man , and bis sordido * naius , sb . nl 1 have been driven from them , and every rich man bestride them with his pointei and his gun . Yet this most important
circumstance , and vital to the question , has not been mentioned ; but , on the contrary , a belief has been inculcated that the natienal loss is enormous by their remaining unenclosed . But enclcsure > is the word of charm , though cultivation does by no means follow It as its handmaid : vast tracts of former enclosures yet lying untilled te tbis day testify to the contrary ; bnt , being hedged and paled , they become dominions ; they increase acreage if nut rent , power if not love , votes if not regard , and few there be that can resist the incantation .
If , indeed , these lands were bestowed npon every poor man that now pines in want , and '' a moderate and becoming share ' allowed the tolling cotter ; if the rapaciyus har . u of lewdly-pampered luxury was arrested in its gripe , then would all opposition to tbis measure cease iu the contemplation of tbe strength and vigour given to the cia-try in its most wholesome shape—the addition of small lmrdworking proprietors to its resources : thi-n micht we again hope to see in England that picture of tb « labourers drawn by Sm . kspeare and long extinct , ¦ w hich thrills each breast wan . tegr « t as be reads it , which is never recited withou ; loud applause . " 1 am a true labourer , tarn that 1 eat , pet what 1 wear , owe no man hate , envy no man ' s happii . ets , am coi > tent with my farm , and the chitfest of my pride is to see my ewea fetd and n . y laml / s suck . "
Should , bowcTsr . this propoMUon be ( " eiffiids ffisht quite b « ycnd feasibility—if ling dormant ncbts niuet now be convened into territory ; if the creation of a race of hardy buibandmen be ridiculous and idle ( though tbt-re is % grtat precedent in our biitory for such s course ;— let a micdle term be chosen , which shall not i > fftnd tte nouldiest documtnt , but conflim claims long in abeyance . L » -t allotment * be adopted on a vtry large scale , and at the most moderate rentsnone f ^ r the fiist seven je \ ri—and see whether yon cannot by tnth means renovate the spirit , the morals , and tbe industry of the country—if , in lieu of tbe common people of Dorsetshire , Wilts , Somerset , and Butks , renting the half of a cottage or a thare in a room , Bteeped in poverty , and crime , even to incest , through closelj crowded but * , yon cannot restore them to the position they once held .
" Feared from their birth , and famous for their breed /' who would regel invasion , and micht re-enact the firldB of Puictiers and Agincourt , Ycrneuil and Auray , wb ^ n the words of Henry V . might be once more repeated : " 1 tell tbee , herald , 1 thought , npon one pair ef English lega D . d march three Frenchmen . " Our calves , in tbe southern counties , at le&st , are mnch shrunk since that heroic age , and a » French Momrjoy could now meet with eueh a defiance , for 'tis as much us the Hampshire ones can do to drag themselves alone . Your most obedient Servant , F . Pigoc . Travellers ' , Pall-mall , March 16 .
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Labourers' wages are , beyond all deubt , most miserably low—much lower than they have been in our time . Large families ate In a state of starvation * We know it . Their cottagea are , in many instances , most wretched and inadequate ; and , what te worse , they are becoming dally more crowded . But it matters not how capacious they are , for they are only made to hold more . Landowners will at soon build dena for wild beasts on their land as add to the number of cottages . Every additional labourer on their estates is a lion in the way . " Labourers ate driven , as Mr . Bankes confesses , to dwell in the most wretcted hovels , and to cling to a life-interest in a heap of mud as if it were a dukedom .
There waa a law which , at leaBt , was a remedial system , and which , though liable to an ill administration , was capable of a good one . The old Poor Law did save the labourer from his present desperate abyss of destitution , and could have raised him higher than it did . Amongst other provisions , it gave landlords a means of befriendir * the labourer , and keeping up his wages above starvation point , which they cannot do now in any way , either by direct interferonce , or through the farmer . The labourer now , whatever bia
claims on charity , is compelled to fight bis own battle in the labour-market absolutely unfriended . It is no unimportant result of this debate that it has elicited from Mr . Bankea bis experience and deliberate judgment on ' * the New Poor Law , which he waB bound to add , with every wish to uphold a law , which , perhaps , could not now be abolished without great inconvenience , should undergo considerable changes in order to be adapted to the county with which he was connected , and which , certainly , yet had wffered more than it had gained by the laic . "
THE WOLVES OF THE FOLD . Alas for the discipline of our Reformed Cburch , and the authority of her Prelates ! A rector in the diocese of Peterborough has been making great scandal : after mixing freely in the gayeties which render London and Paris so dangerous to young bachelors , the reverend Don Giovanni bruits his own guilt , by appearing as the proseciitor of acourtizm who frightened him out of bis money by threatening him with exposure . The Bishop of Peterborough being blamed for suffering ; tbe trespasser to remain a pastor of tbe Church , explains , that he cannot dispossess tbe delicqutnt ; tbe Jaw restricting the Bishop's power to interfere , by imposing limits of time End topography to his jurisdiction : the offdDce occurred a few years ago , and not within the diocese . So he can only puuish the offender by preventing him frem doing duty ; thus converting him into a slnocurist for bis sins . '
There is another case not less derogotary to the cloth , though no Bishop has as yet been called to account . A clergyman has been vindictively haoiHringing some sheep that bar ! trfj . p : isstd on his land , and be has been let tffby what the Juiige called the graso and mercy of the Jury : he pleaded that he thought he had a right to do it ; and the Jury construed that gross ignorance of law into a disproof of the malice charged in the Indictment Such at lrast is the tenour of the report of tbe trial . This reverend gentleman should have been punished unilt r tbe Act for the Preventing Cruelty to Animals , —though , to be sure , he might still haTe pleaded ignorance eten there : for clergymen , it seems , are no more bound than sporting legislators to know the law or set examples of decent ebadienco . — Spectator .
Horriftins Condition of the Stat Makfus and i > T 0 CK . » laKkus . —Notwithstanding the unparalleled txeriious tbut benevolence and philanthropy are daily making to alleviate the di-ep-toeted and wideextended destitution which pervades this country , those exertions bear no pr purtU'n to tho amount of human misery that exists . Superacial observers of Bociety are horror-struck at the wretched , naked , shivering and starving ohj-cts that cross their paths in the day . The frightful disclosures of suffering humanity which policeofficers and coroners courts make—the crowded state of
our workhouses—the g . ul-Mirrmg appeals that are made on behalf if the Nightly Shelters and Refuses for tbe destitute and houseless , and the cry of famine and despair which strikes the tar in every direction , excite a shuddering in the human breast , and fretza the very current of our bloo 4 . But awful and oppallii g as is this section of the mass of human misery , there remain still scenes of suffering which are seldom explored , and therefore are comparatively unknown—scenes if witnessed , that would elicit the softest emotions of our hearts , and arouse the sincerest sympathies of our nature—scenes whence
" Hope withering isd—and mercy highed , farewell . " Where , it will be asked , are these appalling scenes to be witneseed ? They are to be found amongst our industrious classes . Tnt-y are to be . found in tbo wretched hovels occupied by those wh « se skill , whose ingenuity , and whose incessant toil enable us to appear decked in all the pomp and pride of life , and with all the taste and fashion of the ilay . When we behold those fair foirus aud fairy shapes which attract , aBtoniah , and , as it were , entrance us , little do we tbirk that they whose skill thus so beautifully and so txactly ttuvelope tbe human shape divine , ire tbcmstlvi s without a crust of bread or a * paik of flr « =, and have scarcely a rag to cover them . The . Iron Duke boanted that in this land industry and skill weie certain of patronige and full
rtii'unerative suppers ? Will his Grace spare one moment from his nsultipliril sinecures anil efficta of emolument to visit tho . ^ f j > cene . a ! If he did , be would fttl convinced , i > o < l buuml to acknowlidgw , tbut bis assertion was * r <> uu < Uens and totally at variance with truth . The wrt-lcfcetl w : ir . » piid to shirt-makers , who woik for a farthing a shirt ; tailors who receive only 3 s . for a coat , G < i . for pantaloons , and 4 d . for u waistcoat ; and army clothiers , who are compelled to make a splendidly braidt d military coat for la . Si , &re denounced too , aB a heartless cruel roblery perpetrated upon the rigbu of labnur . Cruel a d stai ving as are thete wages , they are liberal compared wiih those paid to ataymakera , and stock makers . Our ladies ( f the West-end , and our fashionable gentlemen , who parade Hyde-park and other
public resorts , must blush and sink into the earth with remorse when they read of the vile wages with which the labours of the persons engaged in these two branches of dress-maki g are remunerated . Any person whose curiosity has , at any time , led him to look into a corset or s ; aymaker ° s ihop , cannot but hava perceived the immensity uf work there is in that necessary portion of female dress , and which requires not only skill ,-but cre .: t manual strength . Without both , the- close stitching , tbe double stiching , the back stitching and the tasteful manner and variety of shapes in which these stichings are done , never could be aceomphahed . What are the wages paid for this severe , close , eyv-atraining , laborious work ? No doubt our readers will raise their eyes and bauds in astonishment .
find exclaim " Impossible ! " when they hear what these wajfps are . The wages paid for tbis work are one shilling and sixpence for a dozen pair of stays , or Ihr&th'M / ptnce for each pair . So fully aware are the slave-drivers who employ the wretched beings who work at stay making that they cannot live honestly upon such wa ^ es , tbat they do not entrust them with the fcones that are inserted in them- This work is cbitfly done in Woolwich , DepVfox \ , and Portsmouth . As , in the tailoring tradu , a " sweater" « ives security for the safe leVuri ) of tha materials Bent from London ; and that " sweater" employ * bands to whom be must pay less wages than tbreo-r / alfpince for each pair ef stays , other wise he would have no profits . The bones are inserted in the wan bouse lure , ns soon as tbe stays are returned .
The stock-makers are as badly paid , and their work is , if pcwible , more severe , as the stitching must be donein the neatest manner , and with tbe greatest precision . Tbe makers of gentlemen ' s stocks reside , for the most part , in the vici ity of Wood-street They , are paid , not by the piece , but by tbe we * k ; anil to entitle themselves to be engaged they must work sixteen hours a-day , and for these sixteen hours bard daily labour they are only paid four shillings and sixpence B-week . A " sweater '" also contracts for this work , and employs hands who must labour during tbe sixteen hours for reduced Wages , in order that the " sweater" may have some profit . Tne creatures who are engaged in those two branches of fashionable attire , are generally females of tender years , who have depending upon their exertions perhaps an aged , enfeebled parent . But it is said , " it is all Eonsense to imagine that such earnings can keep
body and soul together , and that , therefore , the unfortunate beings wbo work tor them don't live by there . ' Tbat is very true , and that is the most melancholy part of their tale . No , they do not support themselves by such earnings . How then , it is atkod , do tbey support themselves ? They support themselves upon the wages of sin , disease , and death , which tbey obtain by walking the strebta at nii ; ht . Who can centeniplate the frightful condition of tboBe daughters of toil , when U )* -y are overtaken by infirmity or disease ? There is no benevolent society ( fur iney huve not the means of subscribing to one ; to ai j tfcein during so awful a visitation ; nay , no prospect , should death release them from their :. fniction that ilieir bodies will be com mi tte I to the grave with common decency . All hope leaves them , and blick de-spiir j > . i : j ) ts to their imaginations and their bewilfit-red brains nought bat a workhouse and death . — Weekly Dispatch .
Destitution in the Metropolis—There have been admitted into tbe ' Refuge of tbe Houseless , " in Upptr Gvle-street . since its opening en the 27 th of January . 2 710 cases . The design of the committee to render this and etb ? r branch institutions permanent establishments , is suspended until tbe intention of the Government is known with regard to their measures for the amendment of the New Poor Law Act . This asyium is provided for the reception of 300 persons , each compartment being provided with a bed and a covering of leather , which serves as a coverlet , and sheets . On Sunday night there were 284 eases
admitted , inclading 81 women and children . Of tse latter , one was a respectable young lady , the daughter of a commander of ibe But India Cenpaay's e ** vioe , who has , through the medium of tha members of this institution , been in communication with her friends ; two respectable female servants , whe have been enabled to gain situations ; and a young woman wbo west raviig mad when under its hospitable roof . Notwithstanding the advancing season , tbe applications for relief at tbis < md ihe other asyhims in Wbitecroea-street and Wapping are much on the increase , and many cases are nightly rejected .
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Horrible . —A poor woman , far advanced in pregnancy , was accidentiy ground to death in tbt ) mill machinery of vies . ^ rs . Allen , near CJoDakilty . —Tip-
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FRANCE . Most of the Paris papers advert in terms of com mendation to the public dinner given to Mr . O'Connell at Covent-garden . The National forms an exception , and seems utterly at a loss to comprehend the political principles of a leader who wants to exfend the rights of almost Universal Suffrage to the Irish , while ho is constantly attacking the Chartists tor advocating nearly the same measure . In allusion to this speech , that journal says , " We shall not analyse this harangae , of which the groundwork and tho form present nothing new or striking . But why are-the Chartists so incessantly the obj . ct of O'Connell ' s anger ! Has he forgotten that he himself was busied in drawing up the Charter which serves as thoir watchword ? Is it because the Chartists
aim at serious reforfns , whioh would strike at theivery heart of this abominable British Constitution , of which wealth , bigotry , and birth constitu t e so large a part , that there remains nothing else to the rest but toil and mi » ery ! Could it ba also that , in the ardour of their faith , they have consulted their convictions rather than their strength—that they have boldly proclaimed war in the name of the people Could it be that their propagandism has penetrated into Ireland , and that , in the midst of this population , decimated by' pauperism , where O'Connell always preaches up resignation and peace , they have appealed to leas Christianlike and more manly sentiments ? If this be the cause of O'Connell's angry tirades against thfl Chartists , we pity him for exhibiting th' -m . But it is neither in his power
NOR THAT OK ANY OTHER MAN TO CRUSH THK BUD THAT IS GROWING , OR TO PnEVENT THE FUTURE WHICH IS EVERYWHERE IN PRtPARATION . " A Man named Michel , the author of a book , entitled " Caducitc dos Religionsprd endues Pe » e ' e ; s " waa tried by the Court of Assizes of Paris on Friday , and convicted of " outrages agaiust religion and public and religious morality , " and sentenced to six months imprisonment and a fine of 2 . 000 francs . Tho seized copies of tho book were ordered to be destroyed . M . de Saint Prikst has submitted to the Chamber of Deputies a proposition for reducing the general postage to four sous the letter . The net revenue of th <> Post office , under tho present system , amounts to 2 . i , 000 , 0 f ) 0 r , or £ 1 , 000 . 000 . The motion was to come on for discussion on Monday .
SPAIN . HORRIBLE BUT « HERT OF THK ALICANT INSURGENTS . Tho intelligence from Spain is of a most distressing character . The murder of Bonet and twentythree of his companions ( for they had not even the semblanco of a trial ) is unhappily confirmed . It appears thit tho Commandant of the Castle of Alicant , a place of great strength , had been bribed to berray Bonct , and deliver into the hands of this public executioner the unfortunate man who at the commmcement of the insurrection had Bpared his life . His name is Lasalla , and , if there ia a particle of honour or justice left in Spain , wiil Be held in detestation fven by his
savage countrymen Tho sum paid for this cruel act of treachery is said to be 7 \ 000 dollars . Bonet having discovered tho plot against his life made his escane with many officers , but wee pursued and captured , some of them by the peasantry . The following is the account of the transaction transmitted by R'incali to the Captain-Goneral on the 8 ; h inst . " Exckllext Sir , ^ —I had the honour to inform yonr fclxcelfency , in my communication of the day b . fore yesterday , that notwithstanding Bonet had been able to escape with some followers , it was highly probable that he would be taken , from the means of precaution that I had already adopted , and thcs 9 which I took on receiving the information from the outposts . 11
Various parties of tho Lu « itania regiment of cavalry , sent out by different roads under the direction of Colonel Contreras , and tho good spirit of the people , gave tho result that I expected . He was taken , and brought to this place in the course of yesterday , with thoi < fl who followed him . " His declaration having been taken , his person identified , as well a 3 those of the persons who took an active part in the rebellion , as comprised in the acoompany i' g statement , the military men have been degraded , and all of them put to death by shooting in the back , to add to tho ignominy of the punishment , this morning , in front of the troops , to whom tho general order which I send herewith was read . ¦ * ' Tho troops immediately left for Carthagena under tho command of General Cotoffer .
" I shall leave myself to morrow , my detention here being indispensable from the multitude of obj eta of attention that surround me , and the parks of artillery and the engineers will immediately Jollow . " God preserve your Excellency many years . ( Signed ) " Frederic i dk Ro .- » cali . "Head quarters , Alicant , Vlarch 8 , 1844 . " Among tbe unhappy victims , besides Bonet , are several Captains and Lieutenants of the National Guards and three or four Boldiers , twenty-four in all . Roncali on the sarao day published the following address to the army : — " G' -ncral orders of the 8 : h March , at tho headquarter .- ; at Alicant .
. * ' Soldiers ! Terrible is the act which you have just witnessed . May tho Almighty permit it may be the last in our unfortunate country . May the ambitious contain themselves , and the deluded undeceive themselves . Alas ! for tfa . se who are not convinced that tho hour of rt-voluiion has passed You have closed it for Spain with the keys of this place , conquered by your loyalty , your constancy , and your discipline . ¦ " Go on always as you have till now , and you save the throne of your Queen . ( Signtd ) " Roncali . "
He thus impiously prays that this bloody tragedy may be the last , while he marches from Alicant to Carthagena , to repeat a similar act of cold-blooded cru « -liy ; and what adds to the atrocity of Narvaez and his coadjutor Bravo , the young Qieen is instructed to thank Roncali for his operations and executions . Tne words put into her mouth are : " the blindness and immorality of the Revolutionists have rendered the application of the whole rigour of the laws indispensable . " Two proclamations of Roncali , dated the 7 th inst .,
are also published , in one of which he orders all individuals belonging to the late junta , or who in any way contributed to the rebellion , or have since sustained it , an well as all ofioers aud sergeants of the troops and national militia , to present themselves immediately to Colonel Moutes , in tho Culle do Labradores ; and that all who conceal , hide , or in any way favour any of the above , shall be considered by that very fact guilty of high treason , and consequently shot . The other proclamation appoints a buw corporation in placo of tbe popular
one . The corresponde : it of the Chronicle says : — "We shall have another batch of exec itions in a day or two , no doubt . The blasphemy of Roiicali ' a addross , praying that the butchery of the twenty-four persuns shot may bo the last , after having issued the proclamation with the intention of getting hold of the late junta and officers , &o ., who are in concealment , to shoot ihom , as a matter of course , is about equal to Us absurdity in attributing the ' conquest ' of Alicant to the virtues of his troops . It is kuowu that a lar / ie sum of money ( 75 , 000 dollars , it is said ) was provided by certain houses in Valencia ; aud with this money the cumuimider and officers of the castle were teii « ht , and Bonet and his companions in ihe town were sold to the government . Lasalla , the military governor , whose life Bonet spared when the insurrection broke out , was the medium through whom the bargain was concluded .
Accounts from Carthagena of the same date mention that the insurgents had made a sortie on the previous day , with a force estimated by the Government commander , General Pardero , at 600 men , of the two battalions of G . rona , which attacked the extremo left of the line of blockade at Escombreras , the insurgents protecting the operation by the fire of four coast-guard vessols whioh cannonaded the Government position . The affair seems to have been a severe one . The besiegers lost several men , and had two officers killed . Q-ieea Christiana was not expected to reach Arunju < z before the 19 ih . There were current rumours at Madrid of a general amnesty being contemplated , and of its not bting intended to assemble ihe Cort s before October , the period at which the Queen would have accomplished hur 14 th year .
PORTUGAL . More Insurrections . —Southampton , March 19 . —The Peninsular ajid Oriental Company ' s steamer , Lady Mary Wood , Capt . Cooper , arrived this morning at ' half-past nine o ' clock , from Gibraltar , &c , bringing the following mails : —Gibraltar , Cadia , Lisbon , Oporto , and Vigo . , The Lady Mary Wood narrowly escaped destruction on Monday night , A large vessel , supposed to be an East Indiaman under full sail , without Iight 5 , bearing down upon her , Captain Cooper , who happened to bo on the paddle-box , immediately gave orders to turn tho ship astern , which order was with alacrity obeyed . Had not this been tbe case , no doubt the vessel and eyerv soul on board would have perished , aa h was blowing a gale at the time . It appears that no look-out whatever was kept on board the vessel , while the Lady Mary was steaming easy , and had her proper look-out .
Lissok , Makch 12 . —Om th « Itk fact , ft tvkgraphif communication to the following effect mi received by the Government , from the Civil Governor of Coimbra , the seat of the Univenity , vis .: —At half * past three this morning a part of the students broke ont into open insurrection . The detachment of tbe 14 th Infantry , and the police-cavalry , assembled , and , at six o ' clock , k . u ., after some firing , the rebels fled in different directions . In the course of the forenoon this telegraph was attacked by the rebels , who , after obtaining possession of the arms , went away , leaving the glasses and the dictionaries , and all the papers . This news was confirmed by the post of the 10 th , * .: _! . L . ^ Ut - j : nn . i . L M . 3- - r * :-: \ r \
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of that city , giving the details of the affray , and stating that two soldiers and three studeats had been severely wounded in it . Since then it has been reported that th « students have re-entered the city and overpowered the troops , after a bhort conflict , ia which some lives were lost . This , however , wants confirmation . ; GREECE . Letters from Mslta , of the 6 th instant , mention the receipt of intelligence from Athens , announcing the resignation of tbe Ministers Metaxas aud Skinas . Their successors were not known .
: TURKEV . Accounts from Constantinople , of the 27 ; h of Fob . state that the greatest excitement has been caused at the Porte by the demand of the English and French Ambassadors , that the Sultan should give a formal engagement to forego hereafter all religious executions . After the arrival of dispatches from the English Government for the Legation , a conference was held between Sir Stratford Canning and Baron de Bourqueney . ithe Minister of France , subsequently to which , the first interpreters of the British and French Legations proceeded to the Minister for Foreign Affairs , with a new communication relative to the subject . On tha following day th « principal Ulemas met in council , under the prtsideney of the Sheik-el Islam , the head of the religious department , to consider the icoBtents of the communication . Two other Councils were held at the Porte for the same purpose , but tho result was not known at the departure of the mail .
FOREIGN MISCELLANY . America : * War Steamer . —The following description of the Princeton , on board of which the ' a'e dreadful accident occurred by the bursting of the "big gun , " will be read with interest : —i'he " Geneveso Traveller , " vhe ; able New York correspondent of the Times , in bis last communicarion sajs : — "A grtat object of interest to our citizens at this time is 'he United States war steamer Princeton , just built under the superintendence of Captain Stockton , which now lies in this harbour , and is daily visited by crowds of interested spectators . This steamer ia constructed with Ericsson ' s propeller . Its sieatn machinery is [ placed entirely beiow the water lino , out of the reach of shot . Its engine is extremely of
li ^ ht and simple construction , occupying only about one-eighth of the bulk required by the ordinary British marine engine of the same power . It gives a direct motion to the axis of the propeller without the aid of cog-wheels or auxiliary gearing of any description . It is styled the semi-cylindrical steam engine , and is the invention of Captain Eric-son . For the vast power which it includes in so email a compats , and for the exquisite symmetry and pro portion of a Hits working pans , this engine is the iheme of general admiration . The armament of the Princeton iticludes two huge wrought iron guus ( intn . duced by Captain Stockton ) , placed one at each
end of the ship , ' the largest weighing ten tons , and with a bore of twelve inohes , carrying a ball- of " 213 bs . The gun is plaoed on a wrought-iron carnage , contrived by Captain Ericsson , and which , wiihout the use of the ordinary breaching , checks the immense recoil , and the vessel mffers but a very slight shock from the discharge . By means of this carriage , this huge gun is managed by half a dcz- 'n hands with pi rfuct facility . The peculiarity of tha steam machinery of the Princeton , and its being placed out of the reach ofthe ^ hot , are supposed to givj her obvious advantages over ail other steamers now aft iat intended lor naval warfare . "
American Slavery . —An Escaped Slaye from Louisiana arrived in Boston last week , having travelled on foot the entire distance . A companion who started with him died in a state of exhaustion and fatigue before they got so far as Baltimore . American Tax » tioif . —Nine millions , appropriations , have been aslied for the Navy in times of profound peace , etouL-h to make those Revolutionary Patriots who guaranteed a republican and an econo mical government almost turn in their graves . We are happy to loam that the Committee in Congress will not report in lavmr of more than one half that sum , and it is rumoured that further reductions will be made . This is right and honest . We owe money —l « t us pay tho National Debt first , and this can be
easily done by judicious economy , —New York Sun . Millerism - ? Father Milleris at Washington , « arneBtly employed in predicting the end of the world with a zeal and energy which looks very much like a revival of the former exploded " doctrine , " and calculated to produce fresh alarm , especially hi the S > ut , h , where his doctrine is new to many . It should be remembered that Mr . Miller ' s doctrine is no new thing . Ever since Papias , ( one of the Christian Fathers who lived in the second century , ) broached the doctrine of tho Millenium or Second Advent of our Savionrj believers iu the destruction of the world have been numerous . The Primitive Church was distinguished for its faith in the near approach of the Second Advent ; but for several centuries it appears to have produced no extraordinary . ex'i'ement m the churches . The Baltimore Pun notices
the arrival of Fathtr Miller and adds : —In the first year of the eleventh century , the belief was- g < neraily prevalent 1 throughout Europe , that the end of time was at hand . Great was the consequent consternation . Insanity and despair were the fruitful res-ults among the weak-m nd <^ i , which ihis dagma | engendered . Fortunately , however , a difference , of . opinion arose ibefore the termination of the year , between tho shining lights of the world , respecting the exact time of tho awful catastrophe predicted . The consummation was indefinitely postponed ; and so the world wagged on , occasionally interrup ; ed in i its course by so » o lesser prophet , until the time of Father Miller , ; who now proclaims that the " sure enough" end isiat hand , and cannot possibly be put off any longer . ; Whether he is really in earnest , or whether he will not grant a little further grace as he did last April , time will prove .
" Indignation Meetings . —The Democrats of Cincinnati have held indignation meetings to denounce several Democratic members of tho Legislature who voted for re-chartering three or four Banks . Another Hero Gone . —Died on the morning of Frb . the 11 th lilt ., at ton o ' clock , at the residence of his son , in North Woodberry township , Bedford county , ( Pa ) Henry Kifor , a Revolutionary solfMpr of 1776 , who had attained the astonishing a&e of 110 years and 3 ix months ! Congress and Father Miller . —We find tho Prophet still at Washington , having establi > hed a branch of his midnight City at that place . If he can bring Congress to an end in April , he will save
time and money , and do the country some good . But we apprehend Congress is not so easily scared out of eight dollars per day and travelling expences . American Horrors . —The New York Weekly Sun , of March 2 nd , contains in its News for oue week only , no lles 9 than thirteen accidents , most of them fatal ; eighteen fires ; nine murders ; four suicides ; and twbnty seven other offencoes , comprising robberies , seductions , piracies , & :. ; and this too at a . time , when it does aot appear that there are any gaol deliveries going on , similar to tho assizes of thv last week or two , in this country . This list of horrors too \ n one paper only ! Need of reformation at home Brother Jonathan ! The following are all we can find room for : —
Awful Murder op a Ladt . —A gentleman from Shirley informs the Editor of the Lmoell ( Mass ) Courier that ajmurder was committed on the person of a widow woman named Houghton , who lived alone in the edge of Lunenburg , near the deep cut of the Fitchburg railroad . She was found on the floor of the house , her head very much' bruised . Brands were shattered about the fl > or , and a pair of men ' s gloves ; were found on the premises . When the informant I left , no clue had been discovered to the perpetrator of the murder .
Shocking Death . —A young man named Hill , of Troop Co . Ga . j having gone out on a hunting excursion on the 3 rd inst ., and not returning , apprehensions were entertained for his safety , and some friends went iu pursuit , and found one of his legs under a large i tr * : e that had been freshly felled . About eighty { yards distant they also found the lifeless body . It is supposed that after the tree had accidentally fallen on his leg he severed it irom tho body with a large knife , and subsequently crawled to the spot and . died where the body was tound . The knife mentioned was found covered with blood .
A Dreadfux ' Ikagedy . —On the night of the 20 th ult ., as wo learn from the Louisville Dime , "» n Shoebooty C ; eek , Clark county , Mississippi , tho dwelling of G . ; W . Gardiner was burned , and in it , Julian GirdbnVr , wife of the said G . W . Gardner , her iiifant daughter , anJ James Gardiner , brother of G . W . Gardiner , aged about thirteen years . Mr . Gardner was ; himself from home , and when he arrived next day , finding his house burned down , made search for the remains of his family , which were found . Since then , the negro who was arrested on suspicion , has made a full confession of the dead . He say a he went to the house of Mr . G . for the purpose of killing htm , bearing in his hand a lighted torch , that he might not be deceived in th « person
—that when he came up to the yard he hailed—that Mrs . G . asked 'who it was—stating that Mr . G . was from home . He then approached the door of the house , and pushed it open , that Mrs . G . jumped up aud inquired who it was—that he then rushed in , and with one blow split open the head of Mrs , G . with an axe—that the young lad attempted to make his escape , but was also killed by the axe . After which he took ! a razor and cut the infant ' s throatthat be laid the bodies of the deceased upon the breast of its mother . He then searched the house for money ( though he found but little ) and set the hoHso ob fir * . ¦ There ar « varions opinions as to the motives which prompted th « demon to the perpetration of the deed . "
Muhdbr . —John Woods , of Tazewell county , has been oommitUd to jail on a charge of inhumanly killing his own child , only ten months old . It was pr » ved against him that be tried to get the physician to kill the child when it was born . An American Duel—A cold-blooded murder , under the name of a duel , has lately been committed at Was ! irifttou which caused tho death of a young man eighteen ! years old , respectably connected , uamtd Cochran . The duel was fonght with riflesthe distance , fifty paces . Young Cochran received *¦' - " -- - * » - (« - »» .- -. «! . „ r ~ -nU * .. A « j fvfnnnroo
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survived but a short time . This affair had created : a great sensation , and it is to be hoped some measures will be taken to put an effectual stop to thjj infamous and cowardly practise . Savannah River Pirates . —The recent Temper , anoa movement among the seamen in the port of Savannah , has exasperated tho sailors landlords and crimps , who get their living by stupifying the * sailors with liquor . Hardly a night passes , we ar » told , without some act of agres 3 ion . Oa many occa » sions , the city guard has been called upon to protect ships from the attacks of these marauders . Several captains are afraid to leave their shipsat night
with-^ out arms and an escort , as their live ? have been repeatedly threatened . There is a regular band of cut-throats and scoundrels in ihe city , who shrink from the light of day , but prowl about during tha night , to do their nefarious work- The sailors are finally determined to protect themselves , to persevere in the j ; ood cause of temperance ; and now when they go to the temperance meetings , they arm themselve » with clubs and pistols for defence . Things have gone sa far , that the crews of two or three ships lying abreast at the wharfs have associated themselves together , under their oaptains , for the purpose of mutual defence . Savannah Republican .
Suicides . —The last suicide of any note was that of Governor Reynolds of Missouri , at , hi 9 residence in J < fferson City . Since we recorded the event last Thursday , we hate received the following particulars . He procured a rifle , fastened a string to the trigger , placed the mugzle against his forehead , and shot himself . He left a letter on his table addressed to Colonel Miner , but its contents are yet unknown . In all the accounts we have read of the melanoholy event , no cause for the rash act has been assigned . Governor Reynolds was originally from Kentucky —was a lawyer of ability , and an active politicianwas in affluent circumstances , and had entered into a contract for building a fine house on his farm in Fayette . He had been suffering under a chronic disease , and was uud <; r much depression of spirits . He left a wife and only one child . —New Yoik Sun . Storm in Belgium . — A letter from Antwerp of the 12 ' . h says : — " We have had , for these forty-eight
hours , oue of the most awful storms that we remember ever to have witnessed . Sudden squalls , torrents of rain , hail , thunder , lightning—nothing was wanting , and we have reason to fear that we ihafl have to rscord many disasters . The inundation of the Seine has spread . Yesterday evening the inhabitants of Cureghem , expecting the communication to be completely interrupted , hastened to lay in a stock of provisions . " A terrible hurricane burst on the 12 th over the town of Douai and i-ts vicinity , accompanied with hail , lightBing , and loud claps of thunder . The electric fluid struck the Keeple of the church of Fressain , and set fire to it . From the violence of the wind , it was feared that the whole village would catch fire . At last , some carpenters boldly ascended amidst the burning timbers , and cut down the upper part of the steeple , which checkod the downward progress of the fire . To the courage of these men the safety of tbe village is to be a'tributed .
PROGKErS—An important measure has been recently adopted by the Hungarian Diet . Hitherto tho nobles of Hungary , who are very numerous , many even of tho smallest farmers being noble , have be-n eximpctd from the payment of taxes . The Diet has resolved that this shall no longer be the ca > e ; dug the amount and modo of taxation remain to be decided . Death of the Notorious Nicholas Biddle . — This wtll-known character di *> i at Pailadelphia on the 27 th of February . Nicholas Biddle was born in that city ou tho 8 th of January , 1786 . His paternal ancestors immigrated with Wifiiam Perm . His father was Charles Biddle , a Revolutionary Whig , who waa active in the American cause during tbe war of
indepeuce . The deceased graduated at Princeton College , and indue time was admitted to the Bar . After h iving served in tho Legislature of Pennsylvania with great credit , he waa appointed a Government Director of the Bank of the United States , and the history of that insti ution is known far and wide , and will long be referred to as a beacon to ^ warn the people against aDy Bimilar charter being granted by the Congress of the United States , Mr . Biddle was advised to make war on General Jackson , and compel him by force of public opinioa to sign the charter of the bank . He could have obtained a charter by yielding seme points to tha
General ; bathe preferred as hopeless contest aud fell in the unequal struggle . He ia a weak man who quarrels wiih the President of the United States , armed with the veto power , with a power to control the Legislation of Congress—he is , during Mb special term of office , the most absolute ruler on earth , with the single exception of the Emperor of Russia . It was also weakness to suppose that anj man could drive General Jackson from a position once titken . The Bank of the United States began to close its business , and the Bank of tho United States of Pennsylvania , founded on its ruin 3 , spread desolation in every direction , ruined the state and ruined the people .
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The Brighton Murder . —An inquest was held at Brighton on Friday , ou the body of Henry Solomon , the superintendent of police . The examination lis'ed five hours , and terminated in a verdict of " Wilful Murder" against Lawrence . Death by Fire . —A Brutal Mistress . —Oa Friday Mr . Joseph Payne , deputy Coroner for London , held an inquest at St . Bartholomew ' s Hospital , on the body of Mary Carter , agod twenty-two , late servant to Mrs . Creaswell , of 38 , Southampton-street , Pcntonville . Mr . J . Law-on , clerk ia an insurance office , * aid ho lodged at Mrs . Cre > jswell ' s , aud oa Thursday morning , about two o ' clock , a strange sort of smell made him get out of bed and open his bed ' room door . Finding much smoke ascending th »
stairs , he west down to tho kitchen , which he found full of condensed smoke . He saw a fire in the grata and the burning fragments of a female ' s dress oa the floor and flying about the kitchen . On looking closer he saw on the fl > or , huddled up , a human body , and he said , "Why do yoa not get upl " Deceased replied , in a faint voice , " O , dear , I can * not . " Witness raised an alarm , and Mrs . Cress * well ' s son came down stairs , and the ; opened the window , and the smoke having escaped , they saw deceased lying on the flior desperately burnt and deprived by the action of fire of every vestige of clothing . Mr . Searle , a surgeon , was called in , who pronounced the case of deceased hopeless , and advised her immediate removal to that hospital , which was done . Ann Sheil , sister of Harley ' s ward , said when deceased was admitted into it she was quite collected , though she was aware
sha should not live . At the time of the accideai she said -he was washing out the kitchen , and she suoposed a spark from the grate had iguifed her dress . She said her mistress was very cruel to her J that she had not been in bed bince the Sunday night previous , and that early on Monday morning , whilst in bed , her mistress came down stairs ( da * ceased slept in the kitchen ) and threw a pitcher of cold water over her , saying , " You shall not sleep is bed whilst you are in my house . " She said sh « was going to leave her situation on the Thursdaj , and had a great deal of work to do undone , and , wa 3 afraid to go to bed , her mistress was so violent . SiJ fnquently , up to the hour of her death , would el ' claim , " My mistress , U my cruel mistress ! " Tut mistress denied . ihe tru ' . h of these charges ; but tb » Jury returned i V 6 rdict of " Accidental death , and tbat the mistress was censurable for her inhamanity . "
Another awful Fire at Liverpool . —Saturday Night , Twklvk p . m —At a little before six o ' clock tkis evening a fire broke out in a shed , the property of W . P . Frame , Esq , situate between Hoyle street and Vendre street , east of the Viotoria Dock . Tb « first intima' ion of this occurrence was given by * watchman , who observed the south end of tho building iu flames ; and in less than half an hoar afterwards the roof had fallen in , and the ulterior was a mass of flame . In the shed was stowed aboat 2 , 000 bales of cotton , and , strange mixture , from 100 to 150 tons of sulphur , which two commodities made a blaze which threw up a lurid glare into the sky which must have been seen for mtleg aroand . On the alarm being g vt } n , the doors of the ehei
in Hoyle-strect , the southern end of the buildiejjfi were broken open , and a streara of blaz ng sulptWl ran down the street towards the docks , which ffaJ not extinguished until it was drenched with water from the first main opened . The attention of tht firemen was then directed to the mass of burninl materials inside , of which scarcely anything can b » said to have been saved , with the exception of that portion of the sulphur which muy be left beneiw the charred surface of the mass . Of the buildinjf itself nothing remains beyond the outer walls ; anil these , especially on the west side , must be take ** down , the wind , blowing from the east , bwtiS driven tho whole force of the fire a ^ ainst them * The damage , exclusive of building , cannot befi * * at less than £ 20 , 000 .
Prison Discipline . —On Saturday an inquest ff « held before Mr . Higgs , at the Feathers , Dean-street * Westminster , on the body of Jamoe Agar , aged i * % whose death was alleged to havu been caused by u 1 * treatment in Guildford Gaol . Dr . Wright , of Pr' ^ oes-street , Siorey ' s Gate , said he attended tb « i « j " ceased before he died . He had examined tbe booi after death , and found that the lungs were loa ««« with tuberclsa and cavities filled with clots of " P * and serum . John Abbott , of Pye-street , Westm" ? ster , said when the deceased wtmt to Guildford w was in perfect health . He had complained * ° , * fT doctor of weakness and low diet , who sud *• would have ho skulking , " and-he was confined ton * days on bread and water ; on coming out he a ** tried to work , but failing , was confined three a »)» more ; and added , that the cell he slept in was tw damp that he could take the water from the vfai' -t and shake it from his rug ; and also that the aw ** bad put him on a blister five times running ,, and w *« he was bo harsh a man that he was afraid to «»*" plain . The Jury returned a verdict of " D « d ««•» Tvatiival AutiUbia " "~ . .
Rffowfan Rmofcenwnte.
rffowfan rMofcenwnte .
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THE HIs'DLORD ' S PROTECTION— 'WRETCHEDNESS OF THE PEASANTRY—THE POOR LAW . A conieHiporary informs us , that " tbe Great Cpntral Association—tbe Agricultural Protection Society "—is at length formally constituted , and points with becoming exultation , to a goodly row of noblemen Members of Pfcrlinment , and tbat class of tbe community which recent events have developed into importance—vir —tbe tenant farmers—figuring as trustees and comnriUetmfcn , under the auspices of the Duk « of Ricb-WIOTlfi .
Bat we must confess that , for onr own part * . « e do not perceive ¦ with clearness sufficient to warrant our joining in the jism that our contemporary chants upon the occasion , the connexion between the object ostensibly proposed * nd the method projected fur its ittainmenU Nay , we uiust even admit , that after reading tbe regulations of tbis great society , we are not "without our suspicions tbat the common construction affixed to tbe terms " Protection to British Industry" materially differs from tbat which would suggest itself to our own minds . We cannot divest t&e phrase " BritisU industry" of its concrete accompaniments ; and protection
to industry , in onr minds , carrus with it the notion of protection to Ike labourer—something which is to give him constant employment , good wages , cosnfortahle clothing , ana & habitable cottage . Indeed , onr first corj « cture on reading this long list of landlord and tenant farmers was , tbat the Dates of Richmond and Buckingham had confederated with the subordinate agriculturists of the empire to raise the condition of the agricultural binds from tbe misery and degradation into which ignorance , "want , sad ill-treatment have—not universally , thank God ! but yet in too many districts —plnnged them .
Bat a perusal of the rules , wherein we are told are embodied the principles on vrhich the society is aboul to act , dispelled tie pleasing illusion ; and we opened our eyes to the unsatisfactory inference that the sole intention -with which it has bten formed , is to meet one noisy aad not very intelligent egitatien by another agitation , perhaps a little more noisy and a little less intelligent—in fact , to treat the social condition of the country on the favourite theory of counter-irritation . The 2 nd rule is ominous enough : — " The object of
this society lfl to maintain protection to British agriculture not less than that at present existing . " According to oar construction of the ¦ words , " Protection to British agriculture , " this object seems bnt a sorry one . Does it mean that it is to maintain a rate of wages cot lesi than that "which labourers are receiving ia many eonaties—that It ia to prevent the tilieis of our soil frojn reviving lees than 6 s . or 7 s . a week for the support •! themselves and their families J if this be bo , "what a peer account does it give of tbe effects and vBrposei of protection 2
No ; we cannot persnad * onrtelve * U » k this is the iray to pronol * ajricHltw * or protect indnttry . If the landlord ! and th » Unant » nust combine , let it be for that which » ort demands their attention—the improvement of their lands , and the amelioration of the labourer ' s condition . Let us cease to hear of 6 » . a week being paid as wages to an able-bodied man ; let us cease to see filthy aBd unwholesome tsnemente killing the squalid population they were intended to shelter ; and let us see a little more consideration for the vested xighta of the poor than the enclosure of their . _ LlLIi- * *
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^ 6 TflE NORTHERN STAR . [ March 23 , 1844
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), March 23, 1844, page 6, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1257/page/6/
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